WO2017041326A1 - 一种剩余污泥蒸汽爆破预处理后厌氧发酵产酸的方法 - Google Patents

一种剩余污泥蒸汽爆破预处理后厌氧发酵产酸的方法 Download PDF

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WO2017041326A1
WO2017041326A1 PCT/CN2015/090070 CN2015090070W WO2017041326A1 WO 2017041326 A1 WO2017041326 A1 WO 2017041326A1 CN 2015090070 W CN2015090070 W CN 2015090070W WO 2017041326 A1 WO2017041326 A1 WO 2017041326A1
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sludge
fermentation
steam explosion
excess sludge
acid
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刘和
符波
韩鹏
殷波
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江南大学
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    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/40Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
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    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/40Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
    • C12P7/52Propionic acid; Butyric acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/40Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
    • C12P7/54Acetic acid

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  • the invention relates to a method for treating anaerobic fermentation of excess sludge to produce acid, and belongs to the field of solid organic waste resource utilization. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for pretreatment of residual sludge by anaerobic fermentation using a steam explosion technique.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing acid by anaerobic fermentation after pre-treatment of excess sludge steam explosion.
  • a method for anaerobic fermentation to produce acid after pre-treatment of excess sludge steam explosion comprising two steps of steam explosion pretreatment and inoculation fermentation: the remaining sludge is dehydrated and placed in a steam explosion machine to seal the steam explosion machine valve To the steam explosion machine, the saturated steam is introduced, and the steam explosion machine valve is quickly removed to realize the instantaneous decompression release of the sludge and recovery of the sludge. After the recovered sludge is mixed with water, the inoculum is added and the pH value is adjusted to be alkaline. After sufficient agitation, the mixture is uniformly denitrified for 10 minutes, and subjected to constant temperature sealing fermentation to obtain a fermentation product-volatile organic acid.
  • the aeration pressure of the saturated water vapor is maintained at 0.5 to 3.0 MPa, and the ventilation time is maintained at 1 to 10 minutes.
  • the excess sludge is a dewatered excess sludge having a solid content of 10% to 50%.
  • the inoculum is an anaerobic fermentation acid-producing sludge, and the inoculation ratio is 10% to 20% of the recovered sludge quality.
  • the fermented sludge has a solid content of 3% to 8%, a fermentation pH of 9 to 11, a fermentation temperature of 25 to 40 ° C, and a fermentation time of 2 to 20 days.
  • the present invention has at least the following advantages:
  • the dwell time by the steam explosion treatment is generally less than 20 min. Relative to traditional hot alkali pre- Treatment of fermentation acid production, heat treatment time is more than 2 hours, which can significantly reduce energy consumption and save energy.
  • the dewatered sludge when subjected to steam explosion treatment, it can kill bacteria and viruses under high temperature and high pressure, reduce odor emission, and reduce secondary pollution to the environment.
  • the solid waste rate of the dewatered sludge used in the sewage treatment plant is between 10% and 50%, and the average particle size of the sludge is large. After the steam explosion treatment, the average particle size of the sludge can be significantly reduced and reduced. The burden of subsequent sludge treatment facilities.
  • Figure 1 shows the dissolution of organic matter in the supernatant of the sludge after pretreatment at different pressures and holding times.
  • Figure 2 shows the change of average particle size of sludge after pretreatment with different pressure and holding time.
  • Figure 3 shows the effect of different pressures and dwell times on the cumulative fatty acid concentration during sludge anaerobic fermentation for 12 days.

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

提供了一种剩余污泥蒸汽爆破预处理后厌氧发酵产酸的方法,包含蒸汽爆破预处理和接种发酵两个步骤。

Description

一种剩余污泥蒸汽爆破预处理后厌氧发酵产酸的方法
本申请要求了申请日为2015年09月10日,申请号为201510574267.6,发明名称为“一种剩余污泥蒸汽爆破预处理后厌氧发酵产酸的方法”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种处理剩余污泥厌氧发酵产酸的方法,属于固体有机废弃物资源化领域。更具体地,本发明涉及一种利用蒸汽爆破技术预处理剩余污泥厌氧发酵产酸的方法。
背景技术
城市污水处理厂在处理污水的同时也伴随着大量的剩余污泥产生。截至2013年底,我国的剩余污泥产量已达3000万吨(按含水率80%计)。剩余污泥中含有大量的有机质、病原体和持久性有机物等污染物,如不妥善处理将对环境造成严重污染。剩余污泥的厌氧发酵过程中大量的有机物能够被降解并转化成乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、异戊酸等在内的短链脂肪酸。这是一种重要的中间产物,应用范围广泛,不仅是合成涂料和化妆品的原料,并且能够为污水中脱氮除磷微生物提供必不可少的有机碳源。剩余污泥的厌氧发酵主要分为三个阶段,即水解阶段、产酸阶段和产甲烷阶段。剩余污泥的水解阶段速率缓慢,是剩余污泥发酵产酸的主要限速阶段。
目前国内外研究学者采用不同的污泥处理手段来促进剩余污泥的水解阶段,从而提高脂肪酸的产量,主要为化学处理法(酸性预处理、碱性预处理、添加还原剂或氧化剂、电化学预处理等)物理处理法(超声波预处理等),这些方法都存在或多或少的缺陷,如能耗大,污染大、易腐蚀或造成二次污染等。因此,采用低能耗、高效的蒸汽爆破预处理剩余污泥发酵产脂肪酸是一种更加 低碳环保的方法。蒸汽爆破技术现多用于木质纤维素等固体物料的处理,而采用蒸汽爆破技术处理高浓度剩余污泥厌氧发酵产酸,在以往的文献中还没有报道。有鉴于上述的缺陷,本设计人,积极加以研究创新,以期创设一种新型的预处理剩余污泥厌氧发酵产酸的方法,使其更具有产业上的利用价值。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的目的是提供一种剩余污泥蒸汽爆破预处理后厌氧发酵产酸的方法。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种剩余污泥蒸汽爆破预处理后厌氧发酵产酸的方法,包含蒸汽爆破预处理和接种发酵两个步骤:将剩余污泥经脱水处理后放入汽爆机,密封汽爆机阀门后往汽爆机通入饱和水蒸气,快速卸去汽爆机阀门实现污泥的瞬间减压释放并回收污泥。回收污泥加水进行混合后,加入接种物并调节pH值至碱性,经充分搅拌均匀后冲氮去氧10min进行恒温密封发酵,得到发酵产物–挥发性有机酸。
进一步的,所述饱和水蒸气的通气压力保持在0.5~3.0MPa,通气时间维持在1~10min。
进一步的,所述剩余污泥为含固率为10%-50%的脱水剩余污泥。
进一步的,所述接种物为厌氧发酵产酸污泥,接种比例为回收污泥质量的10%~20%。
进一步的,所述发酵污泥含固率为3%~8%,发酵pH值为9~11,发酵温度为25-40℃,发酵时间为2~20天。
借由上述方案,本发明至少具有以下优点:
(1)本发明中,经汽爆处理保压时间一般小于20min。相对于传统热碱预 处理发酵产酸,加热处理时间大于2小时,因而能显著降低能耗,节省能源。
(2)本发明中,应用碱性消化技术,将污泥调节至碱性条件,能够进一步强化有机质的溶出,并且抑制产甲烷菌活性,防止甲烷产生,使得脂肪酸得到累积。
(3)本发明中,脱水污泥经汽爆处理时,能够在高温和高压下杀灭细菌和病毒,减少臭味散发,减少对环境造成二次污染。
(4)本发明中,所用污水处理厂脱水污泥含固率在10%~50%之间,污泥平均粒径较大,经过汽爆处理后,能够明显降低污泥平均粒径,减轻后续污泥处理设施的负担。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述,为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段,并可依照说明书的内容予以实施,以下以本发明的较佳实施例并配合附图详细说明如后。
附图说明
图1是不同压力和保压时间预处理后,污泥上清液中有机物的溶出情况。
图2是不同压力和保压时间预处理后,污泥平均粒径的变化情况。
图3是污泥厌氧发酵12天时,不同压力和保压时间对脂肪酸累积浓度的影响。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
取200g剩余污泥(含固率10%,pH=7.13)装入汽爆罐中,通入饱和水蒸汽,压力升高至0.5MPa,并保压3min,打开卸料阀,瞬间释压得到处理后污泥。 取汽爆后污泥,经加水调节(含固率为3%),污泥上清液中SCOD达到5125mg/L,同未预处理污泥溶液相比,分别提高了20.19倍(图1);污泥平均粒径为56.77um,降低了28.2%(图2)。取200mL处理后污泥,加入锥形瓶中,按质量比10%加入接种物,调节pH=9,混合均匀后冲氮去氧10min,在25℃下发酵2天,测得所产脂肪酸为4836mg/L(图3)。
实施例2
取200g剩余污泥(含固率15%,pH=7.13)装入汽爆罐中,通入饱和水蒸汽,压力升高至2MPa,并保压1min,打开卸料阀,瞬间释压得到处理后污泥。取汽爆后污泥,经加水调节(含固率为6%),污泥上清液中SCOD达到8021mg/L,同未预处理污泥溶液相比,分别提高了31.60倍(图1);污泥平均粒径为42.07um,降低了46.19%(图2)。取200mL处理后污泥,加入锥形瓶中,按质量比14%加入接种物,调节pH=10,混合均匀后冲氮去氧10min,在37℃下发酵9天,测得所产脂肪酸为7854mg/L(图3)。
实施例3
取200g剩余污泥(含固率30%,pH=7.13)装入汽爆罐中,通入饱和水蒸汽,压力升高至3.0MPa,并保压10min,打开卸料阀,瞬间释压得到处理后污泥。取汽爆后污泥,经加水调节(含固率为8%),污泥上清液中SCOD达到10123mg/L,同未预处理污泥溶液相比,分别提高了39.88倍(图1);污泥平均粒径为37um,降低了52.6%(图2)。取200mL处理后污泥,加入锥形瓶中,按质量比20%加入接种物,调节pH=11,混合均匀后冲氮去氧10min,在40℃下发酵20天,测得所产脂肪酸为8935mg/L(图3)。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,并不用于限制本发明,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变型,这些改进和变型也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种剩余污泥蒸汽爆破预处理后厌氧发酵产酸的方法,包含蒸汽爆破预处理和接种发酵两个步骤:将剩余污泥经脱水处理后放入汽爆机,密封汽爆机阀门后往汽爆机通入饱和水蒸气,快速卸去汽爆机阀门实现污泥的瞬间减压释放并回收污泥。回收污泥加水进行混合后,加入接种物并调节pH值至碱性,经充分搅拌均匀后冲氮去氧10min进行恒温密封发酵,得到发酵产物–挥发性有机酸。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述饱和水蒸气的通气压力保持在0.5~3.0MPa,通气时间维持在1~10min。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述剩余污泥为含固率为10%-50%的脱水剩余污泥。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述接种物为厌氧发酵产酸污泥,接种比例为回收污泥质量的10%~20%。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述发酵污泥含固率为3%~8%,发酵pH值为9~11,发酵温度为25-40℃,发酵时间为2~20天。
PCT/CN2015/090070 2015-09-10 2015-09-21 一种剩余污泥蒸汽爆破预处理后厌氧发酵产酸的方法 WO2017041326A1 (zh)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110127982A (zh) * 2019-05-24 2019-08-16 江苏安识环境科技有限公司 移动式污泥减量处理装置及其工艺
CN110564783A (zh) * 2019-08-29 2019-12-13 河海大学 利用剩余污泥与白酒废水联合生产聚羟基烷酸酯的方法
CN113150969A (zh) * 2021-04-09 2021-07-23 无锡马盛环境能源科技有限公司 一种厨余垃圾碱性产酸的系统及方法
CN113546607A (zh) * 2021-07-19 2021-10-26 吴天合 废水高效吸附净化炭基材料制备处理方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103172237A (zh) * 2013-04-15 2013-06-26 农业部沼气科学研究所 蒸汽爆破预处理污泥厌氧消化产气的方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN103172237A (zh) * 2013-04-15 2013-06-26 农业部沼气科学研究所 蒸汽爆破预处理污泥厌氧消化产气的方法

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110127982A (zh) * 2019-05-24 2019-08-16 江苏安识环境科技有限公司 移动式污泥减量处理装置及其工艺
CN110564783A (zh) * 2019-08-29 2019-12-13 河海大学 利用剩余污泥与白酒废水联合生产聚羟基烷酸酯的方法
CN110564783B (zh) * 2019-08-29 2023-07-25 河海大学 利用剩余污泥与白酒废水联合生产聚羟基烷酸酯的方法
CN113150969A (zh) * 2021-04-09 2021-07-23 无锡马盛环境能源科技有限公司 一种厨余垃圾碱性产酸的系统及方法
CN113546607A (zh) * 2021-07-19 2021-10-26 吴天合 废水高效吸附净化炭基材料制备处理方法
CN113546607B (zh) * 2021-07-19 2023-12-26 广东家宝城市管理科技有限公司 废水高效吸附净化炭基材料制备处理方法

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