WO2017036354A1 - Moteur à réluctance magnétique permanente à excitation ca indépendante par rotor extérieur - Google Patents

Moteur à réluctance magnétique permanente à excitation ca indépendante par rotor extérieur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017036354A1
WO2017036354A1 PCT/CN2016/096861 CN2016096861W WO2017036354A1 WO 2017036354 A1 WO2017036354 A1 WO 2017036354A1 CN 2016096861 W CN2016096861 W CN 2016096861W WO 2017036354 A1 WO2017036354 A1 WO 2017036354A1
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Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
magnetic
excitation
permanent
magnet
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PCT/CN2016/096861
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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戴珊珊
朱石柱
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戴珊珊
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Publication of WO2017036354A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017036354A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/02—Cores, Yokes, or armatures made from sheets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
    • H01F27/245—Magnetic cores made from sheets, e.g. grain-oriented
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/141—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of C-shaped cores
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/28—Means for mounting or fastening rotating magnetic parts on to, or to, the rotor structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/02—Details
    • H02K21/04—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation
    • H02K21/046—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation with rotating permanent magnets and stationary field winding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/22—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an outer rotor permanent magnet reluctance motor, in particular to a torque continuous continuous outer rotor alternating current permanent magnet reluctance motor.
  • the new type of motor changes and shortens the "shortest closed magnetic circuit" of the conventional permanent magnet switched reluctance motor, and the disclosed "excitation salient pole pair and permanent magnet salient poles are opposite to each other" excitation control method, achieving "front suction"
  • the post-pushing work mode significantly increases the work efficiency of the motor from the two aspects of work time and work form, so that there is still relatively large torque at low speed.
  • the above-mentioned new type of motor still has the following disadvantages: 1.
  • the technical solution of the present invention provides a permanent magnet reluctance motor of an outer rotor alternating current excitation, which comprises a stator and an outer rotor, and a plurality of field magnet units are symmetrically fixed to the stator seat in a radial ring shape.
  • each of the excitation units is magnetically isolated from each other, and a plurality of permanent magnet units are radially annularly arranged in the rotor support, and the magnetic polarities of the adjacent two permanent magnet units are different, and the two excitation magnetic poles of the excitation unit are The surface orientation is opposite to the orientation of the two permanent magnet pole faces of the permanent magnet unit.
  • the two permanent magnet pole faces of each permanent magnet unit sequentially sweep through the two field pole faces of each field magnet unit on the stator seat. And can be strictly aligned one by one to form the shortest closed magnetic circuit, and there is an air gap between the permanent magnet magnetic pole end surface of the permanent magnet unit and the exciting magnetic pole end surface of the excitation magnet, characterized in that the composition further comprises a magnetizing unit And the number of the magnetizing units is the same as the number of the permanent magnet units, and each of the magnetizing units is also disposed in a radial annular equalization manner on the rotor bracket, and each of the magnetizing units is divided into Provided between adjacent permanent magnet units, forming a magnetizer unit and a permanent magnet unit, annularly and evenly disposed, the magnetic conductive end surface of the magnetizer unit is opposite to the field pole end surface of the field unit, and the magnetizer There is a gap between the unit and its adjacent permanent magnet unit.
  • the number of the field magnetizing units on the stator is N
  • the number of the permanent magnet unit and the magnetizing unit on the rotor are both M
  • N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2
  • k is an even number
  • k takes a natural number greater than or equal to 2
  • the ratio of M/N is not a positive integer.
  • the field magnet unit is composed of an exciting coil and a “U-shaped” laminated iron core, and the two salient pole ports of the “U-shaped” laminated core face in the same direction, and the exciting coil is wound around "U-shaped” laminated core;
  • the rotor has the following structural form:
  • the rotor support is a magnetic conductive cylinder
  • M permanent magnets are divided into M/2 groups, and two permanent magnets are a group, in each group.
  • the S pole of one permanent magnet is connected to the inner wall of the magnetic conductive cylinder
  • the other permanent magnet of the group is connected with the N pole to the inner wall of the magnetic conductive cylinder
  • each set of two permanent magnets is arranged axially along the rotating axis, each set of two permanent
  • the magnet forms a permanent magnet unit via the magnetically permeable cylinder, and the magnetic polarities of the adjacent permanent magnet units are different.
  • the M magnetizers are also divided into M/2 groups, and the two magnetizers are a group of two.
  • the guiding magnet forms a magnetizing unit through the magnetic guiding cylinder, and each of the magnetizing units is respectively disposed between the two permanent magnet units.
  • the two excitation magnetic pole faces of the respective "U-shaped" excitation magnet units can be coincident with the two excitation magnetic pole faces of the stator excitation unit, and the permanent magnet pole faces and the magnet guides of the respective permanent magnet units Forming an air gap between the magnetic end face and the field pole end faces of the respective field units;
  • the rotor support is a magnetically permeable disk
  • the M permanent magnets and the M conductive magnets are symmetrical axes of the axis of the rotating shaft, and the inner ring and the outer ring are radially disposed on one of the magnetic disks.
  • the inner ring M/2 permanent magnets and M/2 magnets are equally spaced from each other
  • the outer ring M/2 permanent magnets and M/2 magnets are equally spaced from each other due to the disc.
  • Magnetic conduction, the inner ring permanent magnet and the outer ring permanent magnet disposed on the same radial line form a permanent magnet unit, and the magnetic polarities of the adjacent two permanent magnet units are different, and the same diameter is set due to the magnetic conduction of the disc.
  • the inner ring magnet and the outer ring magnetizer on the line form a magnet guiding unit;
  • the rotor support is a magnetically permeable disk
  • the M permanent magnets and the M magnetic guide magnets are symmetrical axes with the axis of the rotating shaft, and the inner ring and the outer ring are radially disposed one to the other of the magnetic permeable disks.
  • the M permanent magnets and the M magnets are symmetrical axes with the axis of the rotation axis
  • the inner and outer rings are radially disposed on the other side of the magnetic disk, and the inner ring M of each side
  • the interval between the /2 permanent magnets and the M/2 magnets is equal to each other, and the interval between the M/2 permanent magnets and the M/2 magnets of each side outer ring is also equal to each other.
  • the inner ring permanent magnet and the outer ring permanent magnet disposed on the same radial line form a permanent magnet unit, and the magnetic polarities of the adjacent two permanent magnet units are different, and the disc is magnetically guided and disposed on the same radial line.
  • the inner ring magnet and the outer ring magnet form a magnetizer unit.
  • the "U-shaped" excitation magnet unit further includes a permanent magnet assembly, and the two magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet assembly are arranged to be closely attached to the laminated section of the laminated core of the excitation magnet unit, and are wound around
  • the excitation coil formed on the periphery of the laminated core is located between the two magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet assembly, and the winding direction of the exciting coil is such that when the exciting coil inputs the exciting current, the direction of the exciting magnetic flux generated by the laminated core is The permanent magnet flux direction of the attached permanent magnet assembly is the same.
  • the exciting coil inputs the set current
  • the excitation magnetic flux generated by the current can force the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet that is in the static closed state to change the original closing direction and path, superimpose with the excitation magnetic flux, and merge into the set working main magnetic circuit.
  • a permanent magnet assembly is disposed on the laminated section of the laminated core of the excitation unit of the single-excitation coil, when the excitation coil inputs an excitation current in a specific direction, at both ends of the laminated core a composite excitation magnetic potential having a magnetic polarity of one direction is formed on the surface, and if two permanent magnet assemblies having opposite magnetic pole directions are disposed on the laminated section of the laminated core of the excitation unit of the double excitation coil, when the two excitation coils are alternated When the set current is input, an alternating composite excitation potential can be obtained at the two excitation end faces of the laminated core.
  • the stator is composed of a stator base and N excitation magnet units
  • the excitation magnet unit is composed of an excitation coil and a “V-shaped” laminated core, and the “V-shaped” laminated core
  • the two salient pole port faces that is, the angle between the centers of the radial center lines of the two field pole faces is ⁇
  • the exciting coil is wound around the periphery of the "V-shaped” laminated core
  • the N exciting magnet units are rotated
  • the symmetry axis is symmetrically and evenly disposed on the periphery of the stator seat, and the N excitation magnet units are magnetically isolated from each other.
  • the rotor bracket is a magnetic conductive cylinder, and the M permanent magnets and the M magnetic conductors are symmetric with respect to the rotation axis.
  • the shafts are arranged on the inner wall of the magnetically permeable cylinder, and the adjacent two permanent magnets have different magnetic polarities, and the adjacent two permanent magnets are magnetically connected by the magnetic conductive cylinder to form a permanent magnet unit.
  • Two adjacent magnetizers are magnetically coupled by a magnetically permeable cylinder to form a magnetizing unit; a rotating surface formed by the excitation surface of the N exciter units and the rotation of the permanent magnet and the magnet on the rotor Facade overlap, two excitations per stator magnetizing unit
  • the angle between the center of the circle between the radial centerlines of the magnetic pole faces and the radial centerline of the permanent magnet pole faces of the permanent magnet elements on the rotor are equal, and also the radial direction of the magnetically conductive end faces of the magnetron units on the rotor
  • the center angle between the center lines is equal.
  • the rotor bracket is composed of a double-open magnetic guiding cylinder and a connecting frame, and the connecting rod center and the rotating The moving shaft is fixedly connected, and the edge of the connecting frame is fixedly connected with the double-opening magnetic guiding cylinder.
  • the rotating shaft is a symmetrical axis, which is disposed on the inner wall of the magnetic conductive cylinder on both sides of the connecting frame, and the adjacent two permanent magnets have different magnetic polarities, and the permanent magnets disposed on the inner walls of the magnetic conducting cylinders on both sides of the connecting frame
  • the magnetic conductor is connected to the magnetic coupling cylinder to form a magnetizing unit.
  • the stator is composed of a stator seat and two excitation units.
  • the two excitation units are respectively disposed on the two sides of the connecting frame with the connecting frame as a symmetry plane.
  • the two magnetizing units are magnetically isolated from each other, and the exciting unit is composed of an exciting coil and a “toothed” laminated core having M salient poles, one M “tooth” of the side-excited magnet unit
  • the poles are located on the same axis as the M "dental” salient poles of the other side excitation magnet unit, and the angle between the centers of the radial center lines of the adjacent two salient pole excitation pole faces is ⁇ , and the excitation units of the respective exciter units are excited.
  • the façade where the magnetic pole face is located coincides with the rotating façade formed by the rotation of the permanent magnet and the magnetizer on the rotor, and the angle ⁇ between the center line of the radial center lines of the adjacent field pole faces of the respective field units is
  • the center angle between the radial center lines of the permanent magnet pole faces of the permanent magnet elements on the rotor is equal, and the angle between the centers of the radial center lines of the magnetic conductive end faces of the magnet units on the rotor is equal, and the M sets of exciting coils are respectively wound.
  • each group of excitation coils is connected end to end, and the winding direction is such that when a phase excitation current is input to the excitation coil, the "dentate" laminated core is adjacent to the salient excitation
  • the magnetic polarity of the magnetic pole faces is different.
  • the field magnet unit is composed of an exciting coil and a “C-shaped” laminated iron core, and the two salient pole ports of the “C-shaped” laminated iron core face each other, and the exciting coil is wound around “C”. Shaped" laminated core;
  • the rotor bracket has the following structural forms:
  • the rotor support is composed of a single open cylinder, the axis of rotation of the cylinder coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft, and the M permanent magnets and the M magnetic conductors are equally spaced and fixed at the edge of the open end of the cylinder, and The magnetic polarities of adjacent permanent magnets on a rotating surface are different.
  • all permanent magnets and magnetizers fixed to the open end edge of the cylinder can receive two excitation magnetic fields from all "C-shaped" excitation units on the stator.
  • the rotor bracket is composed of a double-opening cylinder and a connecting frame, and the center of the connecting bracket is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the edge of the connecting bracket is fixedly connected with the double-opening cylinder, and the rotation axis of the cylinder coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft, M
  • the permanent magnets and the M magnets are fixed to each other at an open end edge of the cylinder, and the M permanent magnets and the M magnets are equally fixed at the other open end edge of the cylinder, and are disposed.
  • the magnetic polarities of adjacent permanent magnets are different, and are disposed at different open end edges of the cylinder.
  • the permanent magnets of the same axial position have the same magnetic polarity, and 2N "C-shaped"
  • the excitation magnet units are divided into two groups, which are respectively placed on both sides of the connecting frame, and the two excitation magnetic pole faces of all the "C-shaped" excitation units are opposite;
  • the rotor support is composed of a double-opening cylinder and a connecting frame, the axis of rotation of the cylinder coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft, and the M permanent magnets and the M magnetically conductive magnets are equally and evenly fixed to an open end of the cylinder.
  • M permanent magnets and M magnetizers are equally fixed at the other open end edge of the cylinder, and are disposed at the same open end edge of the cylinder, on the same rotating surface, and the magnetic polarity of the adjacent permanent magnets
  • there is a center deviation angle ⁇ between adjacent permanent magnets with different magnetic polarities at different end edges of the cylinder and 2N "C-shaped" excitation units are divided into two groups, which are placed on both sides of the connecting frame.
  • the connecting frame is arranged as a symmetry plane;
  • the rotor bracket is composed of a double-opening belt folding cylinder and a connecting frame, and the center of the connecting bracket is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the edge of the connecting bracket is fixedly connected with the double-opening flanged cylinder, and the belt folding cylinder rotates.
  • the axis coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft, the hemming surface of the flanged cylinder is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft, and the M permanent magnets and the M magnets are uniformly and evenly fixed to the belt flange At the open end of the cylinder, similarly, the M permanent magnets and the M magnets are fixedly and evenly fixed at the other open end flange of the flanged cylinder, and are on the same rotating surface.
  • the magnetic polarities of adjacent permanent magnets are different.
  • 2N "C-shaped" excitation units are divided into two groups, which are placed on both sides of the connecting frame. The two excitation magnetic pole faces of all "C-shaped" excitation magnets are horizontally opposite.
  • the "C-shaped” field magnet unit further includes a permanent magnet assembly or a permanent magnet, and the "C-shaped” field magnet unit has the following structural forms:
  • the "C-shaped" excitation magnet unit comprises a permanent magnet assembly, and the two magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet assembly are arranged to be closely attached to the laminated section of the laminated core of the excitation magnet unit, and the excitation coil is wound.
  • the direction is such that when the exciting coil inputs the exciting current, the direction of the exciting magnetic flux generated by the laminated core is consistent with the direction of the permanent magnetic flux of the attached permanent magnet assembly, and when the exciting coil inputs the set current, the current is
  • the exciting magnetic flux generated by the current can force the permanent magnet in the static closed state.
  • a permanent magnet component is arranged on the laminated section of the laminated core of the excitation magnet unit, when the excitation coil Inputting a specific direction of excitation current, forming a composite excitation magnetic potential with a magnetic polarity of one direction on both end faces of the laminated core, if respectively on the laminated section of the laminated core of the excitation magnet unit
  • Two excitation poles are arranged in parallel with two permanent magnet assemblies with opposite magnetic pole directions.
  • the "C-shaped" excitation magnet unit further comprises two permanent magnets, and the two permanent magnets are respectively embedded in two notches of the upper and lower portions of the laminated core of the excitation magnet unit, and the two magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet According to the setting, the laminated section of the laminated core is not closely spaced, and there is a gap between the side of the permanent magnet and the laminated core.
  • the exciting coil When the exciting coil inputs a current in a certain direction, the direction of the exciting magnetic field generated by the current in the laminated core will be The direction of the permanent magnet magnetic field of one of the embedded permanent magnets is consistent, and the exciting magnetic flux generated by the current can force the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet which is originally in the static closed state to change the original closing direction and the path, and superimpose with the exciting magnetic flux.
  • the excitation coil When the excitation coil is input with alternating current, the alternating composite excitation magnetic potential can be obtained at the two end faces of the laminated core.
  • the shape of the excitation magnetic pole surface of the "U-shaped" excitation unit is rectangular; the shapes of the two permanent magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet are all parallelograms and the same size, permanent magnet permanent magnetic pole
  • the smaller angle ⁇ of the face parallelogram is 15 degrees ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90 degrees, and the two magnetically conductive end faces of the magnet are also parallelograms and the same size as the permanent magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnets, and the parallelogram magnets.
  • the adjacent edge slits ⁇ of the unit and the parallelogram permanent magnet unit range from 0.2 mm to 15 mm.
  • the shape of the field pole surface of the "V-shaped" field magnet unit is rectangular; the shapes of the two permanent magnet pole faces of the permanent magnet are all parallelograms and the same size, permanent magnet permanent magnetic pole
  • the smaller angle ⁇ of the face parallelogram is 15 degrees ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90 degrees, and the two magnetically conductive end faces of the magnet are also parallelograms and the same size as the permanent magnets, the parallelogram magnet unit and the parallelogram permanent magnet.
  • the gap ⁇ of the adjacent edge of the unit ranges from 0.2 mm to 15 mm.
  • the shape of the excitation magnetic pole surface of the "C-shaped" excitation unit is rectangular; the shapes of the two permanent magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet are all parallelograms and the same size, permanent magnet permanent magnetic pole
  • the smaller angle ⁇ of the face parallelogram is 15 degrees ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90 degrees, and the two magnetically conductive end faces of the magnet are also parallelograms and the same size as the permanent magnets, the parallelogram magnet unit and the parallelogram permanent magnet.
  • the gap ⁇ of the adjacent edge of the unit ranges from 0.2 mm to 15 mm.
  • the shape of the excitation magnetic pole surface of the "C-shaped" excitation unit is rectangular; the two permanent magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet are all rectangular, and a permanent magnetic pole of the same permanent magnet
  • the surface is parallel to another permanent magnet magnetic pole and has a radial misalignment.
  • the misalignment angle ⁇ ranges from 15 degrees ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 90 degrees.
  • the shape and size of the magnetizer are exactly the same as the permanent magnet, and the magnetizer and the permanent magnet are The gap ⁇ of the adjacent edge of the magnet ranges from 0.2 mm to 15 mm.
  • the key to the invention is the addition of a magnetizing unit.
  • the interaction between the magnetizing unit and the exciter unit reduces the magnetic properties of the permanent magnet unit material due to the reverse magnetic field formed by the commutation of the current in the exciting coil of the exciter unit.
  • the magnetizing unit provides a magnetic circuit for the field magnet unit, and thus the magnetizing unit also participates in the motor rotating torque, further improving the overall motor torque or reducing the same torque output.
  • the amount of permanent magnets reduces the cost and also reduces the frequency of excitation power supply commutation.
  • the motor of the present invention increases the magnetic force between the "excitation unit” on the stator and the "permanent magnet unit” on the rotor (before the suction is pushed) due to the addition of the magnetizer unit. Significantly improved torque and motor efficiency.
  • the "parallelogram permanent magnet and magnetizer" structural scheme given by the present invention enables a closed magnetic circuit between the excitation magnet unit and the permanent magnet unit and the magnetizing unit due to the exciting magnetic potential during the operation of the outer rotor.
  • the magnetic flux change process is slowed down, further reducing the adverse effect of the reverse magnetic field formed by the current commutation in the excitation coil of the excitation unit on the stator on the magnetic properties of the permanent magnet unit material, and further eliminating the frustration phenomenon and making the motor run more. smooth.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention (cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Fig. 1).
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention (F-F cross-sectional view of Fig. 1).
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional structural view (E'-E' cross-sectional view) showing the outer rotor rotation angle in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional structural view (F'-F' cross-sectional view) showing the outer rotor rotation angle in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention (cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Fig. 6).
  • Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention (F-F cross-sectional view of Fig. 6).
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the outer rotor in the second embodiment of the present invention (E'-E' cross-section).
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the outer rotor in the second embodiment of the present invention (F'-F' cross-section).
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view showing the structure of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view showing the structure of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the fourth embodiment of the present invention (the outer rotor is at position one).
  • Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the fourth embodiment of the present invention (the outer rotor is at position two).
  • Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the fifth embodiment of the present invention (cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 17).
  • Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the fifth embodiment of the present invention (F-F cross-sectional view of Figure 17).
  • Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the outer rotor in the fifth embodiment of the present invention (E'-E' cross-section).
  • Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the outer rotor in the fifth embodiment of the present invention (F'-F' cross-section).
  • Figure 21 is a perspective view showing the structure of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 23 is a perspective view showing the structure of a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 24 is a structural outline view of a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 26 is a perspective view showing the structure of an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 27 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 28 is a structural view of a double-open cylindrical rotor support in the sixth, seventh and eighth embodiments of the present invention.
  • Figure 29 is a perspective view showing the structure of a double-open cylindrical rotor support in the sixth, seventh and eighth embodiments of the present invention. .
  • Figure 30 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 31 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the motor of the embodiment of the present invention after a quarter of the motor is cut.
  • Figure 32 is a side elevational view showing the structure of the permanent magnet and the magnetizer after the motor is cut from the outer edge to the central axis of the rotating shaft and then laid flattened according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 33 is a perspective view of the ninth embodiment of the present invention after the motor is cut from the outer edge to the central axis of the rotating shaft and then flattened and laid flat. Figure.
  • Figure 34 is a structural schematic view of a ten-open cylindrical rotor support according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 35 is a perspective view showing the structure of a ten-open cylindrical rotor support according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 36 is a perspective view showing the structure of a ten double-open cylindrical rotor support according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 37 is a schematic view showing a position where a radial center line of a parallelogram permanent magnet in a tenth embodiment of the present invention coincides with a radial center line of a field salient pole of an exciter unit.
  • FIG. 38 is a perspective structural view showing a position where a radial center line of a parallelogram permanent magnet in a tenth embodiment of the present invention coincides with a radial center line of a field salient pole of a field unit.
  • 39 is a schematic structural view of a single-open cylindrical rotor support according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 40 is a perspective view showing the structure of a single-open cylindrical rotor support according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 41 is a structural schematic view of an eleven double-open cylindrical rotor support according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 42 is a view showing a position where a radial center line of a parallelogram permanent magnet in the eleventh embodiment of the present invention coincides with a radial center line of a field salient pole of the field unit.
  • Figure 43 is a schematic view showing the structure of a rotor according to a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 44 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 45 is a perspective view showing the structure of a "U-shaped" composite field unit of a single coil single permanent magnet assembly.
  • Figure 46 is a perspective view showing the structure of a "U-shaped" composite field unit of a two-coil double permanent magnet assembly.
  • Figure 47 is a perspective view showing the structure of a "C-shaped" composite field unit of a single coil single permanent magnet assembly.
  • Figure 48 is a perspective view showing the structure of a "C-shaped" composite field unit of a single coil single and double permanent magnet.
  • 11 is a magnetically permeable cylinder
  • 12 is a magnetizer
  • 13 is a permanent magnet
  • 14 is an excitation coil
  • 15 is a U-shaped laminated core
  • 16 is a stator seat
  • 17 is a permanent magnet
  • 18 is an excitation coil.
  • 19 is a magnetizer
  • 21 is a magnetic cylinder
  • 22 is a magnetizer
  • 23 is a permanent magnet
  • 24 is a U-shaped laminated core
  • 25 is an excitation coil
  • 26 is a stator seat
  • 27 is a permanent magnet
  • 28 is a guide.
  • the magnet, 31 is a U-shaped laminated core, 32 is an excitation coil, 33 is a stator seat, 34 is a bearing, 35 is a rotating shaft, 36 is a permanent magnet, 37 is a magnetic disk, 38 is a permanent magnet, 39 is a guide Magnet, 40 is a magnetizer, 41 is a magnetic cylinder, 42 is a permanent magnet, 43 is a magnet, 44 is a permanent magnet, 45 is a V-shaped laminated core, 46 is an excitation coil, 47 is a stator seat, 51 is Rotating shaft, 52 is the motor casing, 53 is a permanent magnet, 54 is a magnetic cylinder, 55 is a magnet, 56 is a V-shaped laminated core, 57 is an excitation coil, 61 is a rotating shaft, 62 is a stator seat, 63 Is the excitation coil, 64 is a C-shaped laminated core, 65 is a single open cylinder, 66 is a permanent magnet, 66' is a permanent magnet, 67 is a magnetizer
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • each set of permanent magnets is disposed on the inner wall of the rotating magnetic conductive cylinder 11 along the axial direction of the motor, and each set of permanent magnets forms a permanent magnet unit through the magnetic conductive cylinder 11, as shown in FIG.
  • the permanent magnet 13 passes through the magnetic conductive cylinder 11 and forms a permanent magnet unit with the permanent magnet 17, and the eight sets of permanent magnet units are symmetrically arranged symmetrically on the inner wall of the rotary magnetic conductive cylinder, and the sixteen magnetic conductors 12 and 19 are two by one.
  • each set of magnetizers is also disposed on the inner wall of the rotating magnetic conductive cylinder 11 along the axial direction of the motor, each set of magnetizers forms a magneto-conducting unit via a magnetically conductive cylinder, and eight sets of magnetizing units are symmetrically arranged symmetrically in eight pairs of permanent magnets. There is a gap in the gap of the magnet unit and between the magnetizer and the permanent magnet.
  • Six U-shaped laminated cores 15 are symmetrically disposed symmetrically on the periphery of the stator base 16, and each of the U-shaped laminated cores 15 is provided with two excitation coils 14, 18, and the motor excitation control power supply provides an excitation current to the stator.
  • the excitation poles of the laminated cores of the respective field units are generated, and the magnetic polarity of the convex end faces of the field units can be changed as the direction of the excitation current changes.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 1
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line FF of Figure 1.
  • Figure 2 and Figure 3 show the positional relationship between the rotor and the stator rotating clockwise at time t, that is, eight permanent magnet units on the rotor, eight magnetizing units and six exciting magnets on the stator. The mutual positional relationship of the units.
  • excitation magnet units there are six excitation magnet units, which are arranged at a center of sixty angles, and the magnetic polarity change law of the excitation unit disposed on the same diameter line is the same.
  • the operation mechanism and characteristics of the motor of the present embodiment will be described below with the field magnet unit located directly above the stator and the field magnet unit directly below.
  • the field pole end faces of the magnetizing units directly above and below the stator are directly opposite to the permanent magnet pole faces of the permanent magnet unit, and if the time point corresponding to the feature position is time t Then, at the previous point in time t, that is, at the "t - ⁇ t" moment, the excitation magnetic polarity of the excitation unit directly above and below the stator and the permanent magnet polarity of the permanent magnet unit directly above the rotor and the permanent magnet unit directly below The rotation torque is generated by the difference, and the direction of the moment formed by the attraction of the opposite sex is consistent with the direction of rotation of the rotor, and thus is the forward torque.
  • the excitation magnetic pole faces of the excitation unit directly above and below the stator are directly opposite to the permanent magnet pole faces of the permanent magnet unit, and the excitation magnetic potential of the excitation unit directly above and below the stator passes through the air gap and the rotor circle respectively.
  • the permanent magnet unit directly above and below the cylinder forms the shortest closed magnetic circuit. Once the shortest closed magnetic circuit is formed, the excitation control power supply causes the current in the excitation coil of the excitation unit directly above and below to be zero, and then changes the current direction so that it is located directly above and positive.
  • the excitation magnetic polarity of the lower excitation unit changes, so that at the latter time point t, that is, at the time of "t + ⁇ t", the magnetic polarity of the excitation magnetic pole surface of the excitation unit directly above and below the stator is just removed.
  • the positive permanent magnet unit has the same permanent magnet magnetic polarity, and thus the same pole repels, and the formed torque direction is still consistent with the rotor rotation direction, and thus is also the forward torque.
  • the magnetizing unit directly above and below the stator seat always has a positive torque to the permanent magnet unit directly above and below the rotor.
  • the excitation magnetic pole faces of the excitation magnet unit directly above and below the stator are strictly opposite to the permanent magnet pole faces of the permanent magnet unit on the rotor, and the excitation is in the winding commutation time range.
  • the current has been completely turned off.
  • the reverse excitation current is turned on in the winding, and the original excitation magnetic polarity coincides with the positive polarity.
  • the permanent magnet magnetic poles of the permanent magnet unit are different in polarity and change to the same polarity.
  • the inductance in the winding is small. It will cause the current in the winding to rise sharply, resulting in a high demagnetizing magnetic field of the same polarity as the permanent magnet unit, which will have a great influence on the performance of the permanent magnet. Since the magnetizer unit is added between two permanent magnet units having different polarities in the embodiment, by adjusting the opening shape and the air gap of the magnet unit, the magnetic path of the forward torque is provided when the winding is commutated, thereby improving The inductance in the winding suppresses the winding current and reduces the torque ripple, which greatly improves the output torque and smoothness.
  • Figure 4 and Figure 5 show the rotation of the rotor relative to Figure 2 and Figure 3, which shows the "t + ⁇ t" moment, eight permanent magnet units on the rotor, eight guides The mutual positional relationship between the magnet unit and the six field magnet units on the stator.
  • the excitation magnet unit located directly above and below the stator is still discussed below, and a portion of the excitation magnetic pole surface of the excitation unit directly above and below has an overlap angle with a portion of the permanent magnet pole surface of the permanent magnet unit.
  • a part of the field pole end surface of the magnetizing unit directly above and below has an overlapping angle with a part of the magnetic pole end of the magnetizing unit, and at this characteristic position, the field magnetic polarity of the magnetizing unit directly above and below the rotor and the rotor
  • the permanent magnet magnetic polarity of the upper permanent magnet unit is the same, and the excitation magnetic pole end surface of the excitation magnet unit directly above and below and the permanent magnet magnetic pole end surface of the permanent magnet form a repulsive effect, forming a positive torque effect.
  • the present embodiment adds a magnetizing unit between two permanent magnet units having different polarities on the rotor, the reverse exciting magnetic field formed by the exciter unit exciting coil current commutation forms a magnetic field via the magnetizing unit.
  • the circuit generates forward torque, compensates for the torque between the vacancies and reduces the torque ripple, and also provides a magnetic circuit effect for the permanent magnet units of different polarities before the rotation direction.
  • the magnetic flux in the magnetizing unit undergoes a small to large, small to large variation process.
  • the excitation magnetic pole faces of the upper and lower excitation units are facing the magnetically conductive end faces of the magnet units, the excitation The excitation magnetic potential of the body unit reaches a peak in the magnetic flux formed in the magnetizing unit. At this time, the attraction force between the stator excitation magnetic field and the permanent magnet unit having different polarities in front of the rotating direction of the rotor is gradually increased to a certain intensity.
  • the magnetic field strength of the magnet unit and the magnetic attraction force of the magnetizing unit have far exceeded the attractive force between the field magnet unit and the magnetizing unit, so that as the rotor is further rotated and displaced, the magnetizing unit directly adjacent to and below the magnetizing element
  • the magnetic repulsion of the same permanent magnet unit is gradually reduced, and the magnetic attraction effect of the permanent magnet unit with the same magnetic polarity is gradually enhanced, and the moment generating characteristic of “pushing forward and sucking” is formed.
  • each of the excitation units on the stator are magnetically isolated from each other, in other words, each of the excitation units can control the strength of the excitation magnetic potential and the direction of the excitation magnetic polarity through an independent excitation power source.
  • the excitation coils of the two excitation units on the same diameter line are taken in series or in parallel, so that the excitation magnetic polarities of the two excitation units on the same diameter line are the same, the magnetic pole Sexual changes are also synchronized.
  • the excitation control power source changes the current direction in the excitation coil of the excitation magnet unit, so that the excitation magnetic polarity of the excitation unit changes.
  • the original stator is attracted to the rotor and converted into a stator magnetic field having the same polarity as the permanent magnet magnetic field on the rotor and repelling, forming a double force of front suction and pushback.
  • the current direction of the excitation coils of other excitation units remains unchanged. Therefore, in the air gap between the rotor and the stator, each excitation unit on the stator can generate a positive torque to the rotor, thereby greatly improving the motor. Torque, power density and operational stability.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the structure of the embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment. The only difference is that the position of the excitation coil wound around the periphery of the laminated core of the field magnet unit is different.
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • the rotor support of the embodiment is in the shape of a disk.
  • the twelve permanent magnets and the twelve guide magnets have an axis of symmetry of the axis of rotation, and the inner ring and the outer ring are disposed on one side of the magnetic disk 37.
  • the inner ring permanent magnet 38 and the magnetizer are equally spaced from each other, and the outer ring permanent magnet 36 and the magnetizer 39 are equally spaced from each other. Since the magnetic disk 37 is magnetically guided, it is disposed on the same line.
  • the ring permanent magnet 38 and the outer ring permanent magnet 36 form a permanent magnet unit, the N pole surface of the inner ring permanent magnet 38 abuts against the magnetic disk 37, and the S pole surface of the outer ring permanent magnet 36 abuts the magnetic disk 37,
  • the magnetic polarities of the adjacent two permanent magnet units are different. Since the magnetic conductive disk 37 is magnetically guided, the inner ring magnet 40 and the outer ring magnet 39 disposed on the same line form a magnetizing unit, and the rotating shaft 35 When rotating, the respective permanent magnets and the magnetizers on the side of the magnetically permeable disk 37 are sequentially swept through the two magnetic pole faces of the respective "U-shaped" field magnet units on the stator, and can be two magnetic pole faces of the stator magnetizing unit.
  • the field magnet The excitation magnetic potential of the unit forms a shortest closed magnetic circuit with an air gap through the permanent magnet unit.
  • the excitation of the excitation magnetic pole surface of the excitation unit The magnetic potential also constitutes a magnetic circuit via the air gap and the magnetizing unit.
  • FIG. 45 And Figure 46 shows.
  • the two permanent magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet assembly are arranged to be in close contact with the laminated section of the laminated core of the field magnet unit, and the winding direction of the exciting coil is such that when the exciting coil inputs an exciting current, the laminated core
  • the direction of the field magnetic flux generated is consistent with the direction of the permanent magnetic flux of the attached permanent magnet assembly.
  • the excitation coil inputs a set current
  • the direction of the exciting magnetic field generated by the current in the laminated core is connected in parallel with the coil.
  • the excitation magnetic flux generated by the current can force the permanent magnetic flux which is originally in the static closed state to change the original closing direction and the path, and superimpose the excitation magnetic flux. Import into the set working main magnetic circuit.
  • a permanent magnet assembly is disposed on the laminated section of the laminated core of the field magnet unit, as shown in FIG. 45, when the exciting coil inputs an exciting current in a specific direction, magnetic poles are formed on both end faces of the laminated core.
  • the unidirectional composite excitation magnetic potential is provided with two permanent magnet assemblies having opposite magnetic pole directions on the laminated section of the laminated core of the excitation magnet unit, as shown in FIG. 46, when the excitation coil inputs an alternating current. An alternating composite excitation potential can be obtained at both end faces of the laminated core.
  • This structure motor can improve the efficiency of the motor by forming a composite excitation magnetic potential.
  • Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
  • the rotor holder is a magnetic conductive cylinder 41, and the six permanent magnets 42, 44 and the six magnetic conductors 43 are all disposed on the inner wall of the cylindrical magnetizer with the rotation axis as the axis of symmetry.
  • the adjacent two permanent magnets have different magnetic polarities, and the adjacent two permanent magnets pass through the magnetic conductive cylinder to form a permanent magnet unit, and the adjacent two magnetizers are guided by the magnetic conductive cylinder to form a magnetizing unit;
  • the stator is composed of a stator base 47 and four excitation units, each of which is in turn composed of a "V" shaped laminated core 45 having two salient poles and an excitation coil wound around the periphery of the laminated core.
  • the four excitation units are arranged symmetrically and symmetrically on the periphery of the stator seat with the rotation axis as the axis of symmetry.
  • the four excitation units are magnetically isolated from each other, and the magnetic pole faces of the four excitation units are located.
  • the surface coincides with the rotating vertical surface formed by the rotation of the rotor permanent magnet and the magnetizer.
  • the angle between the centers of the radial centers of the two pole faces of each stator field unit is sixty degrees, and the angle between the centers of the centers of the magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet elements of the rotor is equal.
  • the angle between the center of the circle and the radial center line of the magnetically conductive end face of the magnetizer unit on the rotor is equal.
  • the closed magnetic circuit formed between the field magnet unit and the permanent magnet unit and the magnetizer unit of the present embodiment is radial.
  • the operating mechanism and torque formation of this embodiment are the same as those described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will not be repeated here.
  • Embodiment 5 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 5:
  • the rotor bracket is composed of a double-open magnetic guiding cylinder 54 and a connecting frame 58.
  • the center of the connecting bracket is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 51, and the edge of the connecting bracket 58 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the double-opening magnetic conductive cylinder 54.
  • each of the four permanent magnets 53 and the four magnetic conductive bodies 55 are disposed on the inner wall of the magnetic conductive cylinder with the rotating shaft as the axis of symmetry, and are equally spaced.
  • the two permanent magnets at the open end have different magnetic polarities, and the adjacent two permanent magnets are guided by the magnetic conductive cylinder to form a permanent magnet unit.
  • the stator is composed of a stator base and two excitation units, and the two excitation units 56 are respectively disposed on the stator seats on both sides of the connecting frame 58 and the two excitation units are magnetically isolated from each other.
  • the unit is composed of an exciting coil and a "toothed" laminated core having four salient poles, and the angle between the centers of the radial center lines of the adjacent two salient pole magnetic pole faces is 45 degrees, and is on the rotor
  • the center angle between the radial center lines of the permanent magnet magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet unit is equal, and the angle between the centers of the radial center lines of the magnetic conductive end faces of the magnet units on the rotor is equal, and the four sets of exciting coils are respectively wound around the teeth.
  • the magnetically conductive end faces of the partial magnet units can be sequentially swept over the field pole faces of all the magnetizing units fixed on the stator base, and the permanent magnet pole faces of the permanent magnet units and the magnetically conductive end faces of the respective magnet units are excited.
  • An air gap is formed between the field pole magnetic pole faces of the body unit, and when the permanent magnet pole end faces of the permanent magnet unit and the field pole end faces of the field magnet unit are coincident, the shortest between the field magnet unit and the permanent magnet unit is formed with an air gap.
  • the magnetic pole surface is strictly positive to the permanent magnet of the side permanent magnet unit.
  • the field pole end surface of the field magnet unit on the other side of the connecting frame 58 is strictly opposite to the magnetic conducting end face of the magnetizer unit.
  • the field windings of the excitation unit on the same side of the connecting frame 58 are connected in series or in parallel to form one winding according to the set polarity requirements.
  • the excitation magnet unit windings on both sides of the connecting frame are respectively connected to the input end and the output end of the two phase lines of the excitation control power supply.
  • This embodiment can be regarded as two coaxial cascades of motors having eccentric angles. In the same way, more motors can be cascaded according to this structural principle.
  • the field magnet unit is composed of an excitation coil 63 and a "C-shaped" laminated core 64, the two salient pole faces of the "C-shaped” laminated core 64 are opposed to each other, and the exciting coil 63 is wound around On the periphery of the "C-shaped" laminated core, four excitation magnet units are symmetrically and evenly fixed to the periphery of the stator base 62.
  • the rotor holder is composed of a single opening cylinder 65 whose rotation axis coincides with the axis of the rotation shaft 61, and the six permanent magnets 66 and the six magnetizers 67 are equally spaced and fixed to the cylinder.
  • the shape of the rotor support is as shown in Fig. 28 and Fig. 29.
  • the rotor support adopts a double open cylinder 68, and the permanent magnet 69 and the permanent magnet 69' are symmetrically disposed on the same axis. In position, the magnetizer 70 and the magnetizer 70' are also symmetrically disposed at the same axial position.
  • the field magnet units are divided into two groups, and each group of four field magnet units is placed on both sides of the rotor bracket.
  • This configuration can be considered as a mirror combination of two motors as shown in Figures 21 and 22. This type of motor has better balance of balance and power density.
  • the motor of this structure can also be evolved into a motor of another structure, that is, the position of the permanent magnet and the magnetizer on the side of the double-opening cylinder 68 is adjusted, so that there is an ⁇ angle difference between the permanent magnet 69' and the permanent magnet 69.
  • the same angular difference exists between the magnetizer 70' and the magnetizer 70.
  • the permanent magnet and the magnetizer fixed on one side of the double-open cylinder rotor holder rotate relative to the permanent magnet and the magnetizer on the other side.
  • Angle ⁇ This structure facilitates the control of the direction of operation of the motor because of the alpha angle difference.
  • the step angle of the commutation is reduced, the motor fluctuation and noise are further reduced, and the operation is more stable.
  • the excitation magnet unit is in the form of a compound excitation structure, and the compound excitation "C-shaped" excitation magnet unit further includes a permanent magnet assembly.
  • the two magnetic poles of the permanent magnet assembly The surface is placed in close contact with the laminated section of the field core lamination core 301, and the winding direction of the excitation coil 302 is such that when the excitation coil inputs an excitation current, the direction of the field magnetic flux generated by the laminated core is The permanent magnet flux of the attached permanent magnet assembly is in the same direction.
  • the excitation coil inputs a set current
  • the direction of the exciting magnetic field generated by the current in the laminated core is the permanent magnet of the permanent magnet assembly attached in parallel with the coil.
  • the excitation magnetic flux generated by the current can force the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet which is originally in the static closed state, change the original closing direction and the way, superimpose with the excitation magnetic flux, and import into the set working main In the magnetic circuit, a composite excitation magnetic potential is formed on both port faces of the laminated core.
  • the rotor bracket adopts a double-opening cylinder 68, and the permanent magnet 69 and the permanent magnet 69' are symmetrically disposed at the same axial position.
  • the magnet 70 and the magnetizer 70' are also symmetrically disposed at the same axial position.
  • the field magnet units are divided into two groups, and each group of four field magnet units is placed on both sides of the rotor bracket.
  • This configuration can be considered as a mirrorwise combination of two motors as shown in Figures 23 to 25.
  • the motor of this structure further increases the power density of the motor by attaching a permanent magnet assembly to the field magnet unit.
  • the motor of this structure can also be evolved into a motor of another structure, that is, the position of the permanent magnet and the magnetizer on the side of the double-opening cylinder 68 is adjusted, so that there is an ⁇ angle difference between the permanent magnet 69' and the permanent magnet 69.
  • the same angular difference exists between the magnetizer 70' and the magnetizer 70.
  • the permanent magnet and the magnetizer fixed on one side of the double-open cylinder rotor holder rotate relative to the permanent magnet and the magnetizer on the other side.
  • Angle ⁇ This structure facilitates the control of the direction of operation of the motor because of the alpha angle difference.
  • the excitation magnet unit is in the form of a compound excitation structure
  • the compound excitation "C-shaped" excitation magnet unit further includes permanent magnets 404, 405. Referring to FIG. 48, the permanent magnets 404, 405 are pressed. The direction in which the magnetic polar faces are set is respectively inserted into the two notches of the field core of the field magnet unit 401, and the two magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet 404 are arranged to be in close contact with the laminated section of the lower notch of the laminated core 401.
  • the winding direction of the excitation coil 402 is such that when the excitation coil inputs an excitation current, the direction of the field magnetic flux generated by the laminated core 401 is consistent with the direction of the permanent magnetic flux of the permanent magnet, and when the excitation coil inputs the set alternating current
  • the exciting magnetic flux generated by the current can force the permanent magnet in the static closed state.
  • the original closing direction and path are changed, superimposed with the excitation magnetic flux, and merged into the set working main magnetic circuit, thereby forming a composite excitation magnetic potential with alternating magnetic polarity on both end faces of the laminated iron core.
  • the laminated core section of the "C-shaped" excitation magnet unit is in close contact with a permanent magnet assembly, as shown in Fig. 47, when the excitation coil input current is generated in the laminated core, the direction of the exciting magnetic field and the permanent When the direction of the permanent magnet magnetic field of the magnet assembly is uniform, a unidirectional composite excitation magnetic potential is formed on both end faces of the "C-shaped" laminated core. Whether it is an alternating composite excitation magnetic potential or a unidirectional composite excitation magnetic potential, the efficiency of the motor can be improved to varying degrees.
  • the rotor bracket adopts a double-opening cylinder 68, and the permanent magnet 69 and the permanent magnet 69' are symmetrically disposed at the same axial position.
  • the magnet 70 and the magnetizer 70' are also symmetrically disposed at the same axial position.
  • the field magnet units are divided into two groups, and each group of four field magnet units is placed on both sides of the rotor bracket. This configuration can be considered as a mirror combination of two motors as shown in Figures 26 and 27.
  • the motor of this structure forms a composite excitation magnetic field whose magnetic pole performance changes with the direction of the excitation current due to the addition of two permanent magnets on the excitation magnet unit, further improving the power density of the motor and effectiveness.
  • the motor of this structure can also be evolved into a motor of another structure, that is, the position of the permanent magnet and the magnetizer on the side of the double-opening cylinder 68 is adjusted, so that there is an ⁇ angle difference between the permanent magnet 69' and the permanent magnet 69. The same angle difference exists between the magnetizer 70' and the magnetizer 70. In other words, the side of the double-open cylinder rotor bracket is fixed forever.
  • the magnet and the magnetizer have a rotation angle ⁇ with respect to the permanent magnet and the magnetizer on the other side. This structure facilitates the control of the direction of operation of the motor because of the alpha angle difference.
  • the structure of this embodiment is as shown in FIG. 30 to FIG. 33.
  • Twelve parallelogram permanent magnets 91, 96 are two or two sets, each set of permanent magnets is disposed on the inner wall of the magnetic conductive cylinder 92 along the axial direction of the motor, and each set of permanent magnets forms a permanent magnet unit via the magnetic conductive cylinder 92, such as In Fig. 30, the permanent magnet 91 passes through the magnetic conductive cylinder 92, and constitutes a permanent magnet unit with the permanent magnet 96.
  • the six sets of permanent magnet units are symmetrically disposed symmetrically on the inner wall of the magnetic conductive cylinder 92, and twelve parallelogram magnetic conductive bodies.
  • each set of magnetizers are also arranged on the inner wall of the magnetic conductive cylinder 92 along the axial direction of the motor, each set of magnetizers forms a magnetizer unit via the magnetic conductive cylinder 92, and the six sets of magnetizing units are balanced and symmetric. It is disposed in the gap of the six pairs of permanent magnet units, and there is a gap between the magnetizer and the permanent magnet.
  • This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the permanent magnet permanent magnetic end faces and the magnetically conductive end faces of the outer magnets on the outer rotor magnetically permeable cylinder are all in the shape of a parallelogram.
  • the smaller angle ⁇ of the parallelogram permanent magnet and the parallelogram magnet is 85 degrees, and the edge gap ⁇ between the permanent magnet and the magnetizer is 0.2 mm. Since the shape of the field pole end surface of the field magnet unit is rectangular in this embodiment, the axial length of the field pole end surface of the field magnet unit (see FIG.
  • the length L is the same, and the radial length of the field pole end surface of the field magnet unit is W, which is the same as the radial side length of the parallelogram end face of the permanent magnet and the magnetizer.
  • the magnetic flux of the closed magnetic circuit formed between the permanent magnet unit of the rotor, the magnetizing unit and the exciting unit of the stator and the magnetic pole end surface of the permanent magnet permanent magnet surface and the exciting magnet unit and the magnetic conductive end surface of the magnet unit The size of the coincidence area is related.
  • the process of the magnetically conductive end face of the magnetism sweeping over the excitation end face of the excitation magnet is similar.
  • the magnetic flux is from small to large, and then the variation law from large to small can further reduce the reverse magnetic field formed by the commutation of the excitation coil of the stator excitation unit to the permanent magnet unit material.
  • the adverse effects of magnetic properties can also further effectively overcome the setback caused by the sudden change of magnetic energy in the closed magnetic circuit, and make the motor run more smoothly.
  • the structure of the motor of this embodiment is similar to that of the sixth embodiment.
  • the rotor bracket is composed of a single open cylinder, the axis of rotation of the cylinder coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft, and the four permanent magnets and the four magnets are symmetrically fixed to the cylinder.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the sixth embodiment lies in the shape of the permanent magnet and the magnetizer disposed on the rotor bracket, as attached 34 and FIG.
  • the permanent magnet magnetic pole end surface of the permanent magnet 101 and the magnetic conductive end surface of the magnetizer 102 disposed on the single opening cylinder 103 are both parallelograms with curved faces, and the smaller angle ⁇ of the parallelograms At sixty degrees, the gap between the permanent magnet and the adjacent edge of the magnetizer is 0.5 mm.
  • the four "C-shaped" field magnet units are fixed symmetrically to the stator base in a radial annular equalization.
  • the excitation magnetic pole surface of the excitation magnet unit is rectangular, and the axial length of the excitation magnetic pole surface is the same as the axial length of the permanent magnet permanent magnetic pole surface and the magnetic pole end surface of the magnet, and the radial length of the excitation magnetic pole surface of the excitation unit is The permanent magnet permanent magnetic surface of the permanent magnet and the radial side of the magnetic pole end face of the magnet are the same. Since the permanent magnet and the magnetizer are parallelograms, the radial length W of the field pole end surface of the excitation unit is smaller than that of the parallelogram permanent magnet and the guide. The radial total arc length of the magnet, see Figure 37 and Figure 38.
  • the magnetic flux in the closed magnetic circuit undergoes a process from small to peak and then decreases.
  • the first part that enters the upper and lower excitation salient poles is the acute angle portion of the parallelogram, which is excited in the excitation unit. Under the action of the magnetic potential, a closed magnetic circuit with a small magnetic flux density is formed.
  • FIG. 37 and Figure 38 show that the positional state between the permanent magnet and the salient pole is the "radial centerline" of the field pole face and the "radial centerline” of the permanent magnet pole face of the permanent magnet ( Figure 37).
  • the positional state in which the radial center line is coincident is indicated by a chain line in Fig. 38.
  • the so-called "radial center line” is an imaginary ray.
  • the "radial center line” is a ray that passes through the motor rotation axis as the starting point and passes through the center point of the field pole surface of the field element.
  • the "radial center line” is also a ray that passes through the center of the motor rotation axis and passes through the center point of the permanent magnet pole face of the permanent magnet unit in the radial direction.
  • the line is also a ray that passes through the axis of rotation of the motor and passes through the center point of the magnetically conductive end face of the magnetizer unit.
  • the field pole surface above the permanent magnet and the field pole surface and the parallelogram permanent magnet below the permanent magnet have the largest The projected coincidence area thus forms a closed magnetic circuit with the largest magnetic flux.
  • the shape of the magnetizer is the same as that of the permanent magnet.
  • the process of the magnetism passing through the upper and lower excitation salient poles and the change of the magnetic flux are similar to those of the permanent magnet, except that the absolute value of the magnetic flux in the closed magnetic circuit is small.
  • the "parallelogram body magnet and permanent magnet” structure scheme further reduces the magnetic properties of the permanent magnet unit material caused by the reverse magnetic field formed by the current commutation in the excitation coil of the stator field magnet unit during the operation of the rotor.
  • the adverse effects at the same time, further eliminate the phenomenon of setback, make the motor run more smoothly, and make the transition of the stator excitation pole to the permanent magnet pole of the opposite polarity rotor smoother.
  • the rotor holder is composed of a double-opening cylinder and a connecting frame.
  • the permanent magnet 106 and the permanent magnet 106', the magnetizer 107 and the magnetizer 107' are symmetrically arranged.
  • the magnetic polarities of adjacent permanent magnets are different on the same rotating surface.
  • the magnetic polarities of adjacent permanent magnets disposed at different end edges of the cylinder are the same, that is, The permanent magnets 106 and the permanent magnets 106' have the same magnetic polarity and are disposed on the same axis.
  • the motor of this structure is more balanced and stable.
  • the three types of motor provided in this embodiment have the working mechanism and torque formation as described in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will not be repeated.
  • This embodiment can clearly exhibit the performance characteristics brought about by the use of parallelogram permanent magnets and magnetizers.
  • the structure of the motor of the present embodiment is also similar to that of the sixth embodiment.
  • the rotor bracket is composed of a single open cylinder, the axis of rotation of the cylinder coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft, and the four permanent magnets and the four magnets are balanced and fixed in a circle.
  • the difference between this embodiment and the sixth embodiment lies in the shape of the permanent magnet and the magnetizer disposed on the rotor bracket, such as As shown in FIG. 39 and FIG.
  • the permanent magnet 111 and the magnetizer 112 disposed on the single-opening cylinder 113 are parallelogram-shaped parallelepiped bodies, that is, the upper and lower end faces of the permanent magnet magnetic poles are parallel to each other and are rectangular, forever
  • the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the magnetic pole of the magnet form an azimuth angle ⁇ of seventy degrees.
  • Figure 42 shows the state in which the radial centerline of a single permanent magnet permanent magnetic pole face coincides with the radial centerline of a single field pole face.
  • the rotor holder is composed of a double-opening cylinder and a connecting frame.
  • the permanent magnet 115 and the permanent magnet 115', the magnetizer 116 and the magnetizer 116' are symmetrically arranged.
  • the magnetic polarities of adjacent permanent magnets are different on the same rotating surface.
  • the magnetic polarities of adjacent permanent magnets disposed at different end edges of the cylinder are the same, that is, The permanent magnets 115 and the permanent magnets 115' have the same magnetic polarity and are disposed on the same axis.
  • the motor of this structure is more balanced and stable.
  • the motor of the three structural forms given in this embodiment has the working mechanism and the torque formation as described in the first embodiment. This does not repeat the description. This embodiment can clearly exhibit the performance characteristics brought about by the use of parallelogram permanent magnets and magnetizers.
  • FIG. 44 A cross-sectional view of the structure of this embodiment is shown in Fig. 44.
  • the eight "C-shaped" excitation units are divided into two groups, which are placed on both sides of the rotor support disc and are evenly arranged on the stator base, and the laminated iron of all "C-shaped” excitation units
  • the core 141a and the "C-shaped” excitation salient poles face the left and right sides of the two magnetic port faces of the laminated core 141b.
  • the rotor bracket is formed by a disc 145 and a flanged cylinder 144 as shown in FIG. 43.
  • the inner wall of the flanged cylinder 144 is fixedly connected to the outer edge of the disc 145 to form a "bottom two-way".
  • the inside of the bowl is folded integrally.
  • the center of the disc 145 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 146.
  • the plane of the disc 145 is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 146, and the axis of the flange 144 is coincident with the axis of the rotating shaft 146.
  • the hemming plane of 144 is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 146, and the six permanent magnets 143 and the six magnetizers 149 are equally and evenly fixed to an open end flange of the flanged cylinder, and likewise, six permanent magnets. And the six magnetic conductors are equally and uniformly fixed to the other open end flange of the flanged cylinder, and the magnetic polarities of the adjacent permanent magnets on the same rotating surface are different.
  • all the permanent magnets and all the magnetizers fixed on the folded edges of the folded flange 144 can pass between the exciting magnetic pole faces of all the "C-shaped" excitation units on both sides of the disk.
  • an air gap is formed between the two permanent magnet magnetic pole faces of the permanent magnet, the two magnetically conductive end faces of the magnetizer and the field pole end faces of the field magnet unit, and the permanent magnets 143a and 143b are located in the field magnet cores 141a and 141b of the field magnet unit Between the two field pole faces, as shown in Fig. 44, a shortest magnetic circuit is formed between the permanent magnet and the field pole end surface. Similarly, when the magnetizer is located at the excitation of the field core of the field magnet unit A magnetic circuit is also formed between the magnetic pole faces and between the magnetizer and the field pole surface.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Abstract

Moteur à réluctance magnétique permanente à excitation CA indépendante par un rotor extérieur. Des unités d'aimant permanent (13, 17) et des unités de dispositif de magnétisation (12, 19) sont disposées sur un croisillon de champ de rotor, le nombre des unités d'aimant permanent (13, 17) étant la même que celui des unités de dispositif de magnétisation (12, 19) ; les unités d'aimant permanent (13, 17) et les unités de dispositif de magnétisation (12, 19) sont uniformément disposées à des intervalles de façon annulaire le long d'une direction radiale. Il existe un espace entre une unité de dispositif de magnétisation (12, 19) et une unité d'aimant permanent (13, 17) adjacente de celle-ci. Lorsque le croisillon de champ de rotor tourne, les surfaces d'extrémité de pôle magnétique permanent de toutes les unités d'aimant permanent (13, 17) et les surfaces d'extrémité conductrices magnétiques du dispositif de magnétisation (12, 19) balayent séquentiellement une surface d'extrémité de pôle magnétique d'excitation de chaque unité d'excitation sur un siège de stator (16), et peuvent coïncider face à face avec la surface d'extrémité de pôle magnétique d'excitation de chaque unité d'excitation une par une, formant une boucle magnétique fermée la plus courte. Le moteur réduit non seulement un effet négatif d'un champ magnétique inverse, qui est formé en raison de l'inversion d'un courant dans une bobine d'excitation (25) de l'unité d'excitation, sur la performance magnétique des aimants permanents (13, 17), mais réduit également l'utilisation des aimants permanents (13, 17), ce qui permet de réduire la fréquence d'inversion de l'alimentation électrique d'excitation, d'améliorer le couple global, d'éliminer le phénomène de frustration, et de rendre le fonctionnement du moteur plus régulière.
PCT/CN2016/096861 2015-08-28 2016-08-26 Moteur à réluctance magnétique permanente à excitation ca indépendante par rotor extérieur WO2017036354A1 (fr)

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US11296572B1 (en) 2020-09-21 2022-04-05 Evr Motors Ltd Electric machine with variable cross-sectional area constant perimeter trapezoidal teeth
CN112412980A (zh) * 2020-11-16 2021-02-26 饶俊 永磁偏置径向磁轴承
WO2023179408A1 (fr) * 2021-09-16 2023-09-28 左大虎 Palier à grande vitesse

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