WO2017036093A1 - 一种多路Doherty放大器 - Google Patents

一种多路Doherty放大器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017036093A1
WO2017036093A1 PCT/CN2016/073693 CN2016073693W WO2017036093A1 WO 2017036093 A1 WO2017036093 A1 WO 2017036093A1 CN 2016073693 W CN2016073693 W CN 2016073693W WO 2017036093 A1 WO2017036093 A1 WO 2017036093A1
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peak
amplifier
path
impedance
peaks
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PCT/CN2016/073693
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English (en)
French (fr)
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万腾
张华�
赵玉龙
王小平
郭耀斌
段斌
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2017036093A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017036093A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/02—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation
    • H03F1/0205—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers
    • H03F1/0288—Modifications of amplifiers to raise the efficiency, e.g. gliding Class A stages, use of an auxiliary oscillation in transistor amplifiers using a main and one or several auxiliary peaking amplifiers whereby the load is connected to the main amplifier using an impedance inverter, e.g. Doherty amplifiers

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  • the present application relates to the field of electronic devices, for example to a multi-channel Doherty amplifier.
  • the base station system of modern wireless communication network consumes a lot of energy when transmitting signals to user terminals, so the efficiency of the system is getting more and more attention.
  • the power amplifier at the end of the base station system the energy consumption is the high energy consumption of the base station.
  • the base station widely adopts peak-to-average modulation methods such as OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) and WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access), and requires power.
  • the amplifier works normally under peak-to-average ratio conditions, so the power amplifier must meet the linearity requirements and achieve higher efficiency.
  • the traditional two-way symmetric Doherty has a high efficiency dynamic range of 6 dB, and its performance for improving efficiency is limited for signals with higher peak-to-average ratio.
  • an asymmetric structure and a multiplex structure can be employed.
  • the asymmetric structure can expand the high efficiency range, its efficiency has a significant drop between the two peak points. Therefore, in the field of wireless communication, a multiplex structure that can expand the efficiency range and has higher efficiency due to multiple efficiency peak points is generally adopted.
  • the efficiency of traditional multi-path structures and Novel multi-path structures can be significantly reduced at two peak points.
  • a conventional multi-channel amplifier includes a main path and a plurality of peak paths, each of which is separately combined with the main path.
  • Figure 1 shows the schematic diagram of a conventional multi-channel amplifier
  • Figure 2 shows the efficiency curve of a conventional three-way amplifier.
  • the conventional three-way amplifier will have three Efficiency peak points, efficiency curves between peak points have efficiency pits. This efficiency pit seriously affects the efficiency of the traditional multi-channel Doherty power amplifier in the high-scoring average signal.
  • the main technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a multi-channel amplifier that does not have a significant drop between two efficiency peak points when the high back-off is performed, and solve the traditional multi-path structure and Novel multi-path in the related art.
  • the efficiency of the structure will be significantly reduced between the two peaks of efficiency at high retreats. question.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-channel Doherty amplifier, where the multi-channel Doherty amplifier includes a main path, a first peak set and a second peak set, and the first set of peaks includes N a peak path, N is greater than or equal to 2, the second set of peaks includes N' peaks, N' is greater than or equal to 1;
  • the amplifier has an input network, and the input network connects the amplifier input to the main a first input of the path and a respective input of each of the peaks of the first and second peaks;
  • the amplifier having an output network, the main path of the amplifier in the output network First combining with the first peak road set to form a first junction point, and then combining with the second peak road set to form a second junction point, the second junction point and The amplifier output is connected.
  • a first matching impedance is disposed between the first output of the main path and the first combining point; the first combining point and the A second matching impedance is provided between the second junction points.
  • the first peak road set may be: the first peak road set except the first peak road, and all the other peak roads respectively and the first peak of the first peak road set The road is combined.
  • the first peak road is concentrated, and the first peak road is concentrated except the first peak road, and all other peak paths are respectively performed with the first peak road of the first peak road set.
  • the second peak road set may be: the second peak road set except the first peak road, and all the other peak roads and the first peak of the second peak road set respectively The road is combined.
  • the second peak road is concentrated, and the second peak road is concentrated except the first peak road, and all other peak paths are respectively performed with the first peak road of the second peak road set.
  • N is greater than or equal to N'.
  • the amplifier of the main circuit operates in a class AB state or a class B state.
  • the amplifiers of the first peak path set and the respective peak paths of the second peak path set operate in a class C state.
  • the input network includes a first impedance matching the main path and a second peak matching the first peak path set a second impedance and a third impedance matching the first peak path of the second peak path set; between the output of the first peak path and the third way point in the first peak path set in the output network a fourth impedance is provided, a fifth impedance is disposed between the third junction point and the first junction point; and the second peak path concentrates the output of the first peak path and the second combination A sixth impedance and a seventh impedance are provided between the waypoints.
  • the multi-channel Doherty amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present invention combines the respective peaks of the first peak road set by combining the peak paths of the first peak road set, and then combines the respective peak paths of the second peak road set and then connects.
  • the way to the main road improves the efficiency of the amplifier between the two peak points when the efficiency is high, so that the efficiency has no obvious pits when the back-off is more than 6dB.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional multi-channel Doherty amplifier
  • Figure 2 is a graph showing the efficiency of the operation of a conventional multi-channel Doherty amplifier
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a multi-channel Doherty amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a four-way Doherty amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an implementation of a four-way Doherty amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph showing impedance curves of a four-way Doherty amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a graph showing the efficiency of the operation of a four-way Doherty amplifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-channel Doherty amplifier, please refer to FIG. 3:
  • the multi-channel Doherty amplifier of the embodiment of the present invention includes a main path 301, a first peak set 302 and a second set 303.
  • the first peak road set includes N peak paths
  • the second peak road set includes N' peak paths, and N is greater than or equal to 2, N' is greater than or equal to 1; and N may be greater than or equal to N'.
  • the Doherty amplifier also includes an input network 312 and an output network 313; the input network 312 connects the amplifier inputs 308 to the main input, the first peak set input, and the second peak set input, respectively; in the output network 313, the main path of the amplifier The output is first combined with the first peak set output to form a first junction point 304, and then combined with the second peak set output to form a second junction point 305, and the output network 313 implements a second junction The point is connected to the amplifier output 309.
  • An impedance 306 is provided between the main amplifier output and the first junction 304.
  • the impedance 306 When the first peak set 302 is in operation, the impedance 306 is configured to form a pulling effect on the load impedance of the main path 301, such that the main The load impedance of the path 301 is reduced; likewise, an impedance 307 is provided between the second junction point 305 and the first junction point 304, and when the second peak set 303 is in operation, the impedance 307 is configured to The load impedance of the main path 301 forms a pulling action, so that the load impedance of the main path 301 is reduced.
  • first peak road set 302 and the second peak road set 303 The manner of combining the first peak road set 302 and the second peak road set 303 will be described with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • first peak road sets 302 other peaks except the first peak road are sequentially and one by one.
  • the first peak road is combined, and a traction impedance configured to pull the load impedance of the first peak is disposed before each of the junctions of the first peak and the other peaks.
  • the way of combining the second peak set 303 is the same as the way of combining the first set of peaks 302, and details are not described herein.
  • an input impedance 310 configured to be phase balanced is disposed between the amplifier input 308 and the main input, and the phase shift of the input impedance 310 is (N-2)*90°;
  • each of the other peak inputs and the corresponding peak amplifiers are also provided with input impedances that are configured to be phase balanced, and the phase shift of the input impedance of each of the peaks is adjacent to the next
  • the input impedance of a peak road is 90° smaller;
  • the input impedance of the second peak set is set similarly to the input impedance of the first peak set, and the second peak is concentrated, and the phase shift of the input impedance of each peak is also
  • the input impedance of the adjacent next peak is 90° smaller, except that the first peak input of the second peak set has an input impedance with a phase shift of 90° between its corresponding amplifier, so, correspondingly,
  • an additional matching impedance 311 is set and the phase shift of the
  • a four-way Doherty amplifier provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Carrier Road is the main path of the four-way Doherty amplifier; Peak1 and Peak2 are the two peaks of the first peak set; Peak3 is the second peak of the four-way Doherty amplifier; The Peak1 and Peak2 roads are combined first, then combined with the Carrier Road, and then Peak3 is combined with the main road.
  • the carrier circuit amplifier works in Class AB state or Class B state, other Peak road amplifiers work in Class C state.
  • the carrier circuit amplifier can operate in the class AB state, and the three Peak circuit amplifiers can operate in the class C state.
  • the input network includes a splitter 409 configured to distribute the power of the input signal received at the amplifier input 401 to the carrier path amplifier 403, the Peak1 path amplifier 404, the Peak 2 way amplifier 405, and the Peak3. Road amplifier 406.
  • the input network 402 of FIG. 4 includes an impedance 410 between the amplifier input 401 and the input of the carrier amplifier 403; an impedance 411 between the amplifier input 401 and the input of the Peak 2 amplifier 405; and an input at the amplifier input 401 and the Peak3 amplifier 406. Impedance 412 between.
  • the output network 407 of FIG. 4 includes an impedance 413 and an impedance 414 arranged in series between the output of the carrier path amplifier 403 and the amplifier output 408; an impedance arranged in series between the output of the Peak1 amplifier 404 and the first junction point 415 and impedance 416; an impedance 417 and an impedance 418 arranged in series between the output of the Peak 3 amplifier 406 and the second junction.
  • the splitter in the input network of Figure 4 is implemented by three couplers, and the respective impedances in the corresponding input network are newly matched, as shown in Figure 5:
  • Amplifier input 501 receives the power of the input signal, and 3dB couplers 502, 504, and 506 equally divide the input signal into four input signals, with the isolated ends of the three couplers connected to loads 503, 505, and 507 of 50 ohms, respectively.
  • a 50 ohm 1/4 wavelength line 508 is connected between the through end of the coupler 506 and the carrier path input end, and a 50 ohm 1/4 wavelength line 509 is connected between the coupling end of the coupler 506 and the Peak 1 input end, and the coupler A 50 ohm 1/4 wavelength line 510 is connected between the through end of 504 and the Peak 2 input, configured to compensate for phase.
  • the output of the carrier amplifier 511 and the amplifier output 521 are connected in series with 1/4 wavelength impedance change lines 515 and 518, and the characteristic impedances are 38 ohms and 13.1 ohms, respectively; the output of the Peak1 amplifier 512 and the first junction point
  • the 1/4 wavelength impedance change lines 516 and 517 between the series ends have a characteristic impedance of 46 ohms and 18.5 ohms, respectively; the output of the Peak 2 amp 513 is connected between the impedances 516 and 517.
  • the output of the Peak 3 amplifier 514 and the amplifier output 521 are connected in series with 1/4 wavelength impedance change lines 519 and 520, and the characteristic impedance is 13.1 ohms.
  • the four-way Doherty amplifier can be divided into four phases:
  • the first stage when the signal is weak, the three Peak circuit power amplifiers are not turned on, and the "open" state is present at the first junction point 523 and the second junction point 525, and only the carrier road amplifier 511 provides the load 522. Current, its load is not pulled, the load of the carrier circuit amplifier 511 is impedance 515 and impedance 518 The conversion to high impedance makes the carrier line amplifier 511 voltage saturation point advance, and the efficiency when outputting the same power is improved. As the input signal increases, the carrier path reaches the maximum power output, and the carrier circuit voltage reaches saturation. At this time, the Doherty amplifier reaches the first efficiency peak point;
  • the second stage when the signal is small, the Peak 2 amplifier 513 and the Peak 3 amplifier 514 are not turned on, and are in an "off" state at the second junction point 525 and the third junction point 524, respectively.
  • the Peak1 circuit begins to output current. Due to the role of the output network, the load impedance of the carrier path is towed, and the load impedance of both the carrier and Peak1 channels is reduced. Because the Peak2 path exists, the traction effect is enhanced. Therefore, as long as the input signal is appropriately increased, the Peak1 path reaches the maximum power output, and the Doherty amplifier reaches the second efficiency peak point;
  • the third stage during the medium signal, the Peak3 amplifier 514 is non-conducting and assumes an "off" state at the second junction point 525.
  • Peak2 begins to output current, and the load impedance of Carrier and Peak1 is pulled until the carrier circuit current is saturated, the load impedance of the carrier is reduced to a minimum, and the load impedance of Peak1 and Peak2 is reduced.
  • the Peak2 channel reaches the maximum power output, and the Doherty amplifier reaches the third efficiency peak point;
  • the fourth stage When the signal is large, the Peak3 amplifier 514 starts to output current, the load impedance of Peak1 and Peak2 is pulled, the load impedance of Peak1 and Peak2 continues to decrease, and the carrier path is severely saturated. The Peak3 amplifier 514 reaches the maximum power output, at which point the Doherty amplifier reaches the fourth efficiency peak point.
  • Figure 7 is a graph of the efficiency of a four-way Doherty amplifier operating with four peak points at 9.5dB, 6dB, 2.5dB, and 0dB back, respectively, at the first peak point and back at 9.5dB of back-off.
  • the efficiency curve between the third peak point at 2.5 dB is not the efficiency pit of the conventional multi-channel Doherty amplifier, and has the highest efficiency peak point when the back-off is 6 dB.
  • the efficiency curves of the conventional three-way amplifier and the four-way Doherty amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present invention that is, comparing FIG. 7 and FIG. 2, it can be seen that the multi-channel Doherty amplifier provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively solve the related art.
  • the efficiency of the traditional multi-path structure and the Novel multi-path structure has a significant technical problem of drop between the two efficiency peak points at high retreat.
  • the multi-channel Doherty amplifier disclosed in the present application includes a main road, a first peak road set and a second peak road set, the first peak road set includes N peak paths, N is greater than or equal to 2, and the second peak road set Include N' peak paths, N' is greater than or equal to 1;
  • the amplifier has an input network, the input network connecting the amplifier input to a first input of the main path and the first peak set sum
  • the second peak path concentrates respective input ends of the respective peak paths;
  • the amplifier has an output network, and in the output network, the main path of the amplifier is first combined with the first peak road set to form a first
  • a combined waypoint is then combined with the second set of peaks to form a second junction point, the second junction point being coupled to the amplifier output.
  • the multi-channel Doherty amplifier provided by the present application solves the technical problem that the efficiency of the multi-channel amplifier in the related art is significantly reduced between the two efficiency peak points at the high back-off.

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Abstract

一种多路Doherty放大器，包括主路（301）、第一峰路集（302）和第二峰路集（303），所述第一峰路集（302）包含N个峰路，N大于等于2，所述第二峰路集（303）包含N'个峰路，N'大于等于1；所述放大器具有输入网络（312），所述输入网络（312）将所述放大器输入端（308）连接至所述主路（301）的第一输入端以及所述第一峰路集（302）和所述第二峰路集（303）中各个峰路的相应输入端；所述放大器具有输出网络（313），在所述输出网络（313）中，所述放大器的主路（301）先与所述第一峰路集（302）进行合路，形成第一合路点（304），然后再与所述第二峰路集（303）进行合路，形成第二合路点（305），所述第二合路点（305）与所述放大器输出端（309）连接。所提供的多路Doherty放大器解决了相关技术中多路放大器的效率在高回退时两个效率峰值点之间会有明显下降的技术问题。

Description

一种多路Doherty放大器 技术领域
本申请涉及电子设备领域，例如涉及一种多路多尔蒂(Doherty)放大器。
背景技术
现代无线通讯网络的基站系统在传送信号到用户终端时需消耗大量能量，所以系统的效率越来越受到重视，特别是作为基站系统末端的功率放大器，其能耗的高低是基站能耗高低的关键。为了更加有效地利用频谱资源，目前基站广泛采用OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing：正交频分复用)、WCDMA(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access：宽带码分多址)等高峰均比调制方式，要求功率放大器在高峰均比的条件下正常工作，因此功率放大器不但要满足线性指标要求，同时需要到达较高的工作效率。
传统的两路对称Doherty其高效率的动态范围为6dB，对于具有更高峰均比的信号，其提高效率的性能是有限的。为了提高Doherty的效率，可以采用非对称结构和多路结构。非对称结构虽然可以拓展高效率范围，但是其效率在两个峰值点之间有明显的下降。所以无线通信领域中一般采用既可以拓展效率范围，又因有多个效率峰值点而具有更高效率的多路结构。但是，在高回退时，传统多路结构和Novel多路结构的效率在两个峰值点会有明显下降。
传统多路放大器包括一个主路和多个峰路，它的每一个峰路都是单独与主路进行合路的。以传统三路放大器为例，图1所示的是传统多路放大器的原理图，图2是传统三路放大器工作的效率曲线图，从图中可以看出，传统三路放大器工作时会有三个效率峰值点，峰值点之间效率曲线具有效率凹坑。这种效率凹坑严重影响了传统多路Doherty功率放大器在高分均比信号时效率的提升。
发明内容
本发明实施例要解决的主要技术问题是，提供一种在高回退时，两个效率峰值点之间不会有明显下降的多路放大器，解决相关技术中传统多路结构和Novel多路结构的效率在高回退时两个效率峰值点之间会有明显的下降技术问 题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供一种多路Doherty放大器，所述多路Doherty放大器包括主路、第一峰路集和第二峰路集，所述第一峰路集包含N个峰路，N大于等于2，所述第二峰路集包含N’个峰路，N’大于等于1；所述放大器具有输入网络，所述输入网络将所述放大器输入端连接至所述主路的第一输入端以及所述第一峰路集和所述第二峰路集中各个峰路的相应输入端；所述放大器具有输出网络，在所述输出网络中，所述放大器的主路先与所述第一峰路集进行合路，形成第一合路点，然后再与所述第二峰路集进行合路，形成第二合路点，所述第二合路点与所述放大器输出端连接。
在本发明一种实施例中，所述输出网络中，所述主路的第一输出与所述第一合路点之间设有一个第一匹配阻抗；所述第一合路点与所述第二合路点之间设有一个第二匹配阻抗。
在本发明一种实施例中，所述第一峰路集可以为：所述第一峰路集中除第一峰路外，其他所有峰路分别与所述第一峰路集的第一峰路进行合路。
在本发明一种实施例中，所述第一峰路集中，所述第一峰路集中除第一峰路外，其他所有峰路分别与所述第一峰路集的第一峰路进行合路并形成N-1个合路点，每一个合路点之前都设置有牵引阻抗。
在本发明一种实施例中，所述第二峰路集可以为：所述第二峰路集中除第一峰路外，其他所有峰路分别与所述第二峰路集的第一峰路进行合路。
在本发明一种实施例中，所述第二峰路集中，所述第二峰路集中除第一峰路外，其他所有峰路分别与所述第二峰路集的第一峰路进行合路并形成N’-1个合路点，每一个合路点之前都设置有牵引阻抗。
在本发明一种实施例中，N大于等于N’。
在本发明一种实施例中，所述主路的放大器工作在AB类状态或B类状态。
在本发明一种实施例中，所述第一峰路集与所述第二峰路集的各个峰路的放大器工作在C类状态。
在本发明一种实施例中，当N等于2，N’等于1时，所述第一峰路集的第一峰路与所述第一峰路集的第二峰路进行合路，形成第三合路点；所述输入网络中包含与所述主路匹配的第一阻抗、与所述第一峰路集的第二峰路匹配的第 二阻抗和与所述第二峰路集中的第一峰路匹配的第三阻抗；所述输出网络中所述第一峰路集中第一峰路的输出与所述第三合路点之间设有一个第四阻抗，所述第三合路点与所述第一合路点之间设有一个第五阻抗；所述第二峰路集中第一峰路的输出与所述第二合路点之间设有第六阻抗和第七阻抗。
本发明实施例的有益效果是：
本发明实施例提供的多路Doherty放大器通过采用让第一峰路集的各个峰路先进行合路，然后与主路合路，之后将第二个峰路集的各个峰路合路后连接到主路上的合路方式，提升了放大器在效率高回退时两个峰值点之间的效率，使得效率在回退6dB以上时无明显的凹坑。
附图概述
图1为传统多路Doherty放大器的原理图；
图2为传统多路Doherty放大器工作的效率曲线图；
图3为本发明实施例一种多路Doherty放大器的原理图；
图4为本发明实施例的一种四路Doherty放大器的原理图；
图5为本发明实施例的一种四路Doherty放大器的实施原理图；
图6为本发明实施例的一种四路Doherty放大器工作的阻抗曲线图；
图7为本发明实施例的一种四路Doherty放大器工作的效率曲线图。
本发明的实施方式
下面通过实施方式结合附图对本发明进行详细说明。
为了解决相关技术中传统多路结构和Novel多路结构的放大器效率高回退时在两个峰值点明显下降的问题，本发明实施例提供一种多路Doherty放大器，请参考图3：
本发明实施例的多路Doherty放大器包括一个主路301，一个第一峰路集302和一个第二峰路集303。第一峰路集包含N个峰路，第二峰路集包含N’个峰路，且N大于等于2，N’大于等于1；N可以大于等于N’。本发明实施例提供的多 路Doherty放大器还包含输入网络312和输出网络313；输入网络312将放大器输入308分别连接到主路输入、第一峰路集输入以及第二峰路集输入；输出网络313中，放大器的主路输出先与第一峰路集输出进行合路，形成第一合路点304，然后再与第二峰路集输出进行合路，形成第二合路点305，输出网络313实现第二合路点与放大器输出309的连接。
在主路放大器输出与第一合路点304之间设置有一个阻抗306，当第一峰路集302处于工作状态时，阻抗306被配置为对主路301的负载阻抗形成牵引作用，使得主路301的负载阻抗减小；同样地，在第二合路点305与第一合路点304之间设置有一个阻抗307，当第二峰路集303处于工作状态时，阻抗307被配置为对主路301的负载阻抗形成牵引作用，使得主路301的负载阻抗减小。
针对第一峰路集302和第二峰路集303的合路方式，这里结合图1进行说明，在第一峰路集302当中，除第一峰路以外的其他峰路都按顺序逐个与第一峰路进行合路，在第一峰路上每一个与其他峰路进行合路的合路点之前都会设置一个被配置为对第一峰路的负载阻抗进行牵引的牵引阻抗。同样的，第二峰路集303的合路方式与第一峰路集302的合路方式相同，这里不再赘述。
输入网络312中，放大器输入308与主路输入之间设置有被配置为相位平衡的输入阻抗310，输入阻抗310的相移为(N-2)*90°；第一峰路集中除第一个峰路以外，其它的每一个峰路输入与相应的峰路放大器之间也设置有被配置为相位平衡的输入阻抗，且每一个峰路的输入阻抗的相移都比其相邻的下一峰路的输入阻抗小90°；第二峰路集的输入阻抗设置方式与第一峰路集的输入阻抗类似，第二峰路集中，每一个峰路的输入阻抗的相移也都比其相邻的下一峰路的输入阻抗小90°，不同的是，第二峰路集的第一峰路输入与其相应的放大器之间具有一个相移为90°的输入阻抗，所以，相应的，在第二峰路集的第一峰路的放大器之后，会设置一个额外的匹配阻抗311，匹配阻抗的相移为90°。
当N等于2，N’等于1时，为本发明实施例提供的一种四路Doherty放大器。请参考图4-5，Carrier路作为四路Doherty放大器的主路；Peak1路和Peak2路为第一峰路集的两个峰路；Peak3路作为四路Doherty放大器的第二峰路集；其中，Peak1路和Peak2路先进行合路，然后与Carrier路合路，之后Peak3合路再与主路进行合路。
为了使四路Doherty放大器获得更高的工作效率，Carrier路放大器工作在 AB类状态或B类状态，其他Peak路放大器工作在C类状态。在本实施例中，Carrier路放大器可以工作在AB类状态，3个Peak路放大器可以工作在C类状态。
请参考图4，输入网络包括分路器409，分路器409被配置为分配在放大器输入401处接收到的输入信号的功率给Carrier路放大器403、Peak1路放大器404、Peak2路放大器405和Peak3路放大器406。
图4的输入网络402包括：放大器输入401与Carrier路放大器403的输入间的阻抗410；放大器输入401与Peak2路放大器405的输入间的阻抗411；以及在放大器输入401与Peak3路放大器406的输入间的阻抗412。
图4的输出网络407包括：在Carrier路放大器403的输出与放大器输出408之间包括串联布置的阻抗413和阻抗414；在Peak1路放大器404的输出与第一合路点之间串联布置的阻抗415和阻抗416；在Peak3路放大器406的输出与第二合路点之间串联布置的阻抗417和阻抗418。
在四路Doherty放大器的一种实施例中，将图4输入网络中的分路器通过三个耦合器来实现，相应的输入网络中的各个阻抗会进行新的匹配，如图5所示：放大器输入501接收输入信号的功率，3dB耦合器502、504和506把输入信号的等分为4路输入信号，三个耦合器的隔离端分别接50欧的负载503、505和507。耦合器506的直通端与Carrier路输入端之间连接50欧的1/4波长线508，耦合器506的耦合端与Peak1路输入端之间连接50欧的1/4波长线509，耦合器504的直通端与Peak2路输入端之间连接50欧的1/4波长线510，被配置为补偿相位。Carrier路放大器511的输出与放大器输出521之间串联两端1/4波长阻抗变化线515和518，其特征阻抗分别为38欧和13.1欧；Peak1路放大器512的输出与第一合路点之间串联两端1/4波长阻抗变化线516和517，其特征阻抗分别为46欧和18.5欧；Peak2路放大器513的输出连接在阻抗516和517的之间。Peak3路放大器514的输出和放大器输出521之间串联两端1/4波长阻抗变化线519和520，其特征阻抗均为13.1欧。
四路Doherty放大器工作可以分四个阶段：
第一阶段：弱信号时，三个Peak路功率放大器均不导通，在第一合路点523和第二合路点525处呈现“断开”状态，只有Carrier路放大器511向负载522提供电流，其负载不受牵引，Carrier路放大器511的负载经阻抗515和阻抗518 变换为高阻，使得Carrier路放大器511电压饱和点提前，输出同样功率时的效率提高。随着输入信号的增大Carrier路达到最大功率输出，Carrier路电压达到饱和，此时Doherty放大器达到第一个效率峰值点；
第二阶段：小信号时，Peak2路放大器513和Peak3路放大器514不导通，分别在第二合路点525和第三合路点524处呈现“断开”状态。随着输入功率的增大，Peak1路开始输出电流。由于输出网络的作用，Carrier路的负载阻抗受到牵引，Carrier路和Peak1路的负载阻抗均减小。由于Peak2路存在，使得该牵引作用增强，因此只要适当加大输入信号，Peak1路达到最大功率输出，此时Doherty放大器达到第二个效率峰值点；
第三阶段：中等信号时，Peak3路放大器514不导通，在第二合路点525处呈现“断开”状态。随着输入功率的增大，Peak2路开始输出电流，Carrier路和Peak1的负载阻抗受到牵引，直到Carrier路电流达到饱和，Carrier路负载阻抗减小到最小，Peak1和Peak2的负载阻抗均减小。Peak2路达到最大功率输出，此时Doherty放大器达到第三个效率峰值点；
第四阶段：大信号时，Peak3路放大器514开始输出电流，Peak1和Peak2的负载阻抗受到牵引，Peak1和Peak2的负载阻抗继续减小，Carrier路严重饱和。Peak3路放大器514达到最大功率输出，此时Doherty放大器达到第四个效率峰值点。
请参考四路Doherty放大器工作的阻抗曲线图，如图6所示，其中Carrier、Peak1、Peak2、Peak3分别代表Carrier路、Peak1路、Peak2路和Peak3路的负载阻抗变化曲线。从图6可以看出，当三个Peak路功率放大器均不导通时，Carrier路的负载不受牵引；当Peak1路开始输出电流时，Carrier路的负载阻抗受到牵引，Carrier路和Peak1路的负载阻抗均减小；当Peak2路开始输出电流时，Carrier路和Peak1的负载阻抗受到牵引，当Carrier路电流达到饱和时，其负载阻抗减小到最小；当Peak3路开始输出电流时，Carrier路的负载阻抗已基本维持不变，Peak1和Peak2的负载阻抗呈继续减小的趋势，直到降为最低。
图7为四路Doherty放大器工作的效率曲线图，该效率曲线具有四个峰值点，分别在回退9.5dB、6dB、2.5dB和0dB处，在回退9.5dB处的第一峰值点和回退2.5dB处的第三峰值点之间的效率曲线没有传统多路Doherty放大器的效率凹坑，回退6dB时具有最高效率峰值点。
通过对比传统三路放大器和本发明实施例提供的四路Doherty放大器的效率曲线图，即对比图7与图2，可以看出，本发明实施例提供的多路Doherty放大器能够有效解决相关技术中传统多路结构和Novel多路结构的效率在高回退时两个效率峰值点之间会有明显的下降技术问题。
以上内容是结合实施方式对本发明所作的详细说明，不能认定本发明的实施只局限于这些说明。对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明实施例的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换，都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。
工业实用性
本申请公开的多路Doherty放大器，包括主路、第一峰路集和第二峰路集，所述第一峰路集包含N个峰路，N大于等于2，所述第二峰路集包含N’个峰路，N’大于等于1；所述放大器具有输入网络，所述输入网络将所述放大器输入端连接至所述主路的第一输入端以及所述第一峰路集和所述第二峰路集中各个峰路的相应输入端；所述放大器具有输出网络，在所述输出网络中，所述放大器的主路先与所述第一峰路集进行合路，形成第一合路点，然后再与所述第二峰路集进行合路，形成第二合路点，所述第二合路点与所述放大器输出端连接。本申请提供的多路Doherty放大器解决了相关技术中多路放大器的效率在高回退时两个效率峰值点之间会有明显下降的技术问题。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种多路多尔蒂Doherty放大器，所述多路Doherty放大器包括主路、第一峰路集和第二峰路集；所述第一峰路集包含N个峰路，N大于等于2；所述第二峰路集包含N’个峰路，N’大于等于1；所述放大器具有输入网络，所述输入网络被配置为将所述放大器输入端连接至所述主路的第一输入端以及所述第一峰路集和所述第二峰路集中各个峰路的相应输入端；所述放大器具有输出网络；在所述输出网络中，所述放大器的主路被配置为先与所述第一峰路集进行合路，形成第一合路点，然后再与所述第二峰路集进行合路，形成第二合路点；所述第二合路点与所述放大器输出端连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的多路Doherty放大器，其中，所述输出网络中，所述主路的第一输出与所述第一合路点之间设有一个第一匹配阻抗；所述第一合路点与所述第二合路点之间设有一个第二匹配阻抗。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的多路Doherty放大器，其中，所述第一峰路集被配置为：所述第一峰路集中除第一峰路外，其他所有峰路分别与所述第一峰路集的第一峰路进行合路。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的多路Doherty放大器，其中，所述第一峰路集中，所述第一峰路集中除第一峰路外，其他所有峰路被配置为分别与所述第一峰路集的第一峰路进行合路并形成N-1个合路点，每一个合路点之前都设置有牵引阻抗。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的多路Doherty放大器，其中，所述第二峰路集被配置为：所述第二峰路集中除第一峰路外，其他所有峰路分别与所述第二峰路集的第一峰路进行合路。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的多路Doherty放大器，其中，所述第二峰路集中，所述第二峰路集中除第一峰路外，其他所有峰路被配置为分别与所述第二峰路 集的第一峰路进行合路并形成N’-1个合路点，每一个合路点之前都设置有牵引阻抗。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的多路Doherty放大器，其中，N大于等于N’。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的多路Doherty放大器，其中，所述放大器的主路被配置为工作在AB类状态或B类状态。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的多路Doherty放大器，其中，所述第一峰路集与所述第二峰路集的各个峰路的放大器工作在C类状态。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的多路Doherty放大器，其中，当N等于2，N’等于1时，所述第一峰路集的第一峰路被配置为与所述第一峰路集的第二峰路进行合路，形成第三合路点；所述输入网络中包含与所述主路匹配的第一阻抗、与所述第一峰路集的第二峰路匹配的第二阻抗和与所述第二峰路集中的第一峰路匹配的第三阻抗；所述输出网络中所述第一峰路集中第一峰路的输出与所述第三合路点之间设有一个第四阻抗，所述第三合路点与所述第一合路点之间设有一个第五阻抗；所述第二峰路集中第一峰路的输出与所述第二合路点之间设有第六阻抗和第七阻抗。
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