WO2017034276A1 - Dispositif et procédé de conversion de puissance permettant une commutation de commande - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de conversion de puissance permettant une commutation de commande Download PDF

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WO2017034276A1
WO2017034276A1 PCT/KR2016/009268 KR2016009268W WO2017034276A1 WO 2017034276 A1 WO2017034276 A1 WO 2017034276A1 KR 2016009268 W KR2016009268 W KR 2016009268W WO 2017034276 A1 WO2017034276 A1 WO 2017034276A1
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Prior art keywords
vector
switching
unit
switching sequence
converter
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PCT/KR2016/009268
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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김태웅
조춘호
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경상대학교 산학협력단
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Priority claimed from KR1020160101443A external-priority patent/KR101932679B1/ko
Application filed by 경상대학교 산학협력단 filed Critical 경상대학교 산학협력단
Publication of WO2017034276A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017034276A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/22—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M5/275—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/293—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/02—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of grid-control or igniter-control voltages for discharge tubes incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/04—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of grid-control or igniter-control voltages for discharge tubes incorporated in static converters for tubes with grid control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
    • H02M1/344—Active dissipative snubbers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a direct type AC / AC power converter without a DC link circuit for switching control, and more particularly, to a power converter capable of zero current switching of a converter section.
  • a power conversion device such as a two stage direct power converter system (TSDPC) consists of a direct DC link circuit of an indirect AC / AC power conversion system as a virtual DC link circuit to reduce the size and length of a large capacity system. It has an advantage for life.
  • TSDPC two stage direct power converter system
  • a three-phase power converter controls six switching elements including six bidirectional switching elements of an input side converter and an anti-parallel diode of an output side inverter, so that there are 18 semiconductor power switching elements to be controlled.
  • the control method for controlling such a power switching element generally uses a 9-step or 11-step switching sequence.
  • an object of the present invention is to minimize the switching switching through the simplification of the switching sequence of the input converter and the output inverter of the power converter.
  • an object of the present invention is to minimize the power loss that occurs during switching switching according to a switching sequence in an input converter and an output inverter of a power converter.
  • a power conversion apparatus comprising: a sector determination unit configured to determine a plurality of sectors of an input side converter unit, an output side inverter unit, an input current of the converter unit, and an output voltage of the inverter unit; A composite vector time calculating unit calculating a composite vector time using at least one of an input current of the converter unit, an output voltage of the inverter unit, and a modulation index MI, a switching sequence of the converter unit for each of the determined plurality of sectors; A sequence determination section for determining a switching sequence of the inverter section and a control signal for generating a control signal for performing a switching operation of the converter section and the inverter section based on the switching sequence of the converter section and the inverter section and the composite vector time; And a generating unit, wherein the switching sequence of the converter unit is: The not included.
  • the converter unit includes a six-way switch as a current type converter for converting three-phase alternating current into a direct current
  • the inverter unit is a three-phase alternating current
  • it may include six switches including an anti-parallel diode.
  • the sequence determiner may determine the switching sequence of the converter unit as a two-stage switching sequence without a zero vector, and may determine the switching sequence of the output side inverter unit as a five-stage switching sequence including a zero vector and a valid vector.
  • the sequence determiner may determine a switching sequence of the converter unit and the inverter unit such that the power converter has a six-stage switching sequence by combining a two-stage switching sequence of the converter unit and a five-stage switching sequence of the inverter unit.
  • the switching sequence of step 6 may have a switching sequence of a first valid vector, a second valid vector, a first zero vector, a second zero vector, a third valid vector, and a fourth valid vector.
  • the sequence determining unit may determine the switching sequence of the converter unit as a two-stage switching sequence without a zero vector, and may determine the switching sequence of the inverter unit as a seven-stage switching sequence including a zero vector and a valid vector.
  • the sequence determiner may include a switching sequence of the input side converter unit and the output side inverter unit such that the power converter has an eight-stage switching sequence using a combination of the two-stage switching sequence of the converter unit and the seven-stage switching sequence of the inverter unit. You can decide.
  • the switching sequence of step 8 may include a first zero vector, a first valid vector, a second valid vector, a second zero vector, and a third based on a first predetermined condition when the determined plurality of sectors is an odd number.
  • a zero vector, a third valid vector, a fourth valid vector, and a fourth zero vector, and when the determined plurality of sectors is an even number, the first zero vector and the second valid vector are based on a second predetermined condition.
  • the switching sequence may include a vector, a first valid vector, a second zero vector, a third zero vector, a fourth valid vector, a third valid vector, and a fourth zero vector.
  • the converter unit includes six bidirectional switches as a current converter for converting a three-phase alternating current voltage to a direct current, and the inverter unit is configured to supply the direct current.
  • a voltage converter for converting single phase alternating current may include four switches including an anti-parallel diode.
  • the sequence determining unit may determine the switching sequence of the converter unit as a two-stage switching sequence without a zero vector, and may determine the switching sequence of the inverter unit as a five-stage switching sequence including a zero vector and an effective vector.
  • the sequence determiner may determine a switching sequence of the converter unit and the inverter unit such that the power converter has a six-stage switching sequence by combining a two-stage switching sequence of the converter unit and a five-stage switching sequence of the inverter unit.
  • the six-stage switching sequence may include a first switching sequence of a first zero vector, a second valid vector, a second zero vector, a third zero vector, a first valid vector, and a fourth zero vector, and a first zero vector.
  • the first valid vector, the second zero vector, the third zero vector, the second valid vector, and the fourth zero vector may be one of a second switching sequence.
  • the apparatus further includes a vector time calculator configured to calculate an effective vector time and a zero vector time for calculating the synthesized vector time, wherein the vector time calculator includes an input effective vector time using an input current sector and an input current phase of the converter unit.
  • An input vector time calculator for calculating an output effective vector time and an output zero vector time by using an input vector time calculator for calculating an output voltage sector, an output voltage phase, and the modulation index MI;
  • the modulation index calculator may be configured to calculate the modulation index MI using an output voltage.
  • the power conversion apparatus minimizes switching switching by simplifying a switching sequence of an input side converter and an output side inverter, and thus generates power in switching switching according to the switching sequence. This has the effect of minimizing losses.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power conversion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 (a) is a first circuit diagram of a three-phase direct power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 (b) is a second circuit diagram of a three-phase direct power converter with a clamp protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a three-phase / single-phase direct power converter with a clamp protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram of a bidirectional switching element of an input side converter unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a space vector of an input side converter unit and an output side inverter unit in a three-phase and three-phase / single-phase direct power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is an exemplary diagram showing a switching sequence of a conventional power converter
  • FIG. 7 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a switching sequence for implementing partial zero current switching of a converter unit of a three-phase direct type power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a switching sequence for implementing zero current switching of a converter unit of a three-phase power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is an exemplary diagram illustrating waveforms of a virtual DC link voltage, a current, and a gate signal in a partial zero current switching mode of a three-phase direct power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is an exemplary diagram illustrating an enlarged waveform of a virtual DC link voltage, a current, and a gate signal in a partial zero current switching mode of a three-phase direct power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is an exemplary diagram illustrating an enlarged waveform of a virtual DC link current and a switching gate signal of an input side converter in a partial zero current switching mode of a three-phase direct type power conversion device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is an exemplary diagram illustrating waveforms of an output line voltage and an output current in a partial zero current switching mode of a three-phase direct power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is an exemplary view showing waveforms of a virtual DC link voltage, a current, and a gate signal in a zero current switching mode of a three-phase direct power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is an exemplary diagram illustrating an enlarged waveform of a virtual DC link voltage, a current, and a gate signal in a zero current switching mode of a three-phase direct power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 15 is an exemplary diagram illustrating an enlarged waveform of a virtual DC link voltage and a switching gate signal of an input side converter unit in a zero current switching mode of a three-phase direct type power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 16 is an exemplary diagram illustrating waveforms of an output line voltage and an output current in a zero current switching mode of a three-phase direct type power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 17 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a switching sequence for implementing zero current switching of a three-phase / single-phase direct power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 18 is an exemplary view showing waveforms of output current and output line voltage according to a simulation performed in a three-phase / single-phase direct current converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 19 is an exemplary diagram illustrating waveforms of a DC link current and a switching signal according to a simulation performed in a three-phase / single-phase direct current converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 20 is an exemplary view showing a ZCS operation waveform according to a simulation performed in a three-phase / single-phase direct current conversion device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 21 is an exemplary view showing a result of comparing a conventional control method and a number of partial zero current switching switching times during one cycle in a three-phase direct type power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 22 is an exemplary view showing a result of comparing a conventional control method and a zero current switching switching frequency during one cycle in a three-phase direct type power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 23 is a flowchart of a switch control method of a power conversion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power conversion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power converter is an AC / AC power converter that converts a three-phase AC input without a DC link circuit.
  • a power converter may be a three-phase direct power converter or a three-phase / single-phase direct power converter, depending on the embodiment.
  • the three-phase direct type power converter may be a device for directly converting a three-phase AC input into a three-phase AC output without a DC link circuit.
  • the three-phase / single-phase direct type power converter may be a device for directly converting and outputting a three-phase AC input into a single-phase AC output without a DC link circuit.
  • FIG. 2 (a) is a first circuit diagram of a three-phase direct power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 (b) is a three-phase direct with a clamp protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention It is a 2nd circuit diagram of a type power converter.
  • the three-phase direct power converter is an AC / AC power converter that directly converts a three-phase AC input to a three-phase AC output without a DC link circuit.
  • the three-phase direct power converter includes an input side converter 110, an output side inverter 120, a sector discriminator 130, a sequence determiner 140, and a control signal generator 150.
  • the input side converter unit 110 includes six bidirectional switching elements for four quadrant operation, and the output side inverter unit 120 has a structure of a general voltage inverter.
  • the output side inverter unit 120 may be configured by, for example, two switching elements connected in series to each other to form one pole, and three poles connected in parallel to each other. At this time, in order to output the three-phase AC voltage, it is preferable that the switch elements of one pole and the neighboring pole operate complementarily.
  • a current direction detecting circuit is formed between the input side converter unit 110 and the output side inverter unit 120.
  • the current direction detection circuit is a circuit for identifying the regenerative section in which switching switching is changed in the regenerative section.
  • Such a current direction detecting circuit is preferably provided in a virtual DC link circuit.
  • the three-phase direct power conversion apparatus may further include a device stabilization circuit unit 170.
  • the device stabilization circuit unit 170 protects the switching device of the power converter from surges in the input line, overvoltage generation due to switching switching, and surge due to load shutdown.
  • the bidirectional switching device may be implemented in the following types.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a three-phase / single-phase direct power conversion device with a clamp protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the three-phase / single phase direct type power converter is an AC / AC power converter that directly converts a three-phase AC input to a single-phase AC output without a DC link circuit.
  • the three-phase / single phase direct type power converter is similar to the three-phase direct type power converter described above with the input side converter unit 110, the output side inverter unit 120, the sector discriminator 130, and the sequence determiner 140.
  • the control signal generator 150 and the device stabilization circuit unit 170 is included.
  • the input side converter unit 110 includes six bidirectional switching elements for four quadrant operation, and the output side inverter unit 120 has a structure of a general single phase voltage inverter. That is, the output side inverter unit 120 may include an input side converter unit 110 including six bidirectional switching elements and four unidirectional switching elements for single phase grid connection.
  • a current direction detecting circuit is formed between the input side converter unit 110 and the output side inverter unit 120.
  • the current direction detection circuit is a circuit for identifying the regenerative section in which switching switching is changed in the regenerative section.
  • Such a current direction detecting circuit is preferably provided in a virtual DC link circuit.
  • the device stabilization circuit unit 170 protects the switching device of the power converter from surges in the input line, overvoltage generation due to switching switching, and surge due to load shutdown.
  • FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram of a bidirectional switching device of an input side converter unit according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the bidirectional switching device may be implemented by using a conventional switching device (power MOSFET, IGBT, etc.).
  • Figure 4a is a bidirectional switching device of the first type, consisting of four diodes and one IGBT, because the bidirectional current conducts to one switch, one in each bidirectional switch compared to other types of bidirectional switching devices Only the gate driver is required. On the other hand, since there are three switches in each conduction path of the first type bidirectional switching element, the switching loss is greatest compared to other types of bidirectional switching elements, and there is a disadvantage in that the direction of the current flowing through the switch cannot be controlled.
  • (B) and (c) of FIG. 4 are bidirectional switching elements of a second type, and are composed of a common emitter or a common collector by combining two diodes and two IGBTs, and each of the IGBTs has a breakdown against zero voltage. Diodes for blocking are connected in anti-parallel. Since there are two switches in each conduction path, there is less switching loss than the bidirectional switching element of the first type.
  • the bidirectional switching device may be configured with two IGBTs. In this case, the switching loss can be minimized as compared with the other types of bidirectional switching elements.
  • the sector discriminating unit 130 determines a plurality of sectors with respect to the input current of the input side converter unit 110 and the output voltage of the output side inverter unit 120.
  • the input side converter unit 110 detects the input phase from the three-phase voltage input to the input side converter unit 110 using a phase locked loop (PLL), and the output side inverter unit 120 receives the input.
  • the output phase is detected from any given command voltage.
  • the sector discriminating unit 130 determines the sector for the input current from the pre-detected input phase by using the space vector for the input current, and determines the spatial vector for the output voltage. A sector for the output voltage is discriminated from the previously detected output phase.
  • the vector time calculator 160 calculates an effective vector time and a modulation index for calculating the synthesized vector time.
  • the synthesized vector time calculating unit 170 calculates the synthesized vector time based on the effective vector time and the modulation index calculated by the vector time calculating unit 160.
  • the vector time calculator 160 for calculating at least one of an effective vector time and a modulation index for calculating a composite vector time may include an input vector time calculator 161, an output vector time calculator 163, and a modulation index calculator. A portion 165 may be included.
  • the input vector time calculator 161 calculates an input valid vector time by using a phase of the sector and the input current with respect to the input current of the input side converter 110.
  • the output vector time calculating unit 163 calculates the output valid vector time using the phase of the sector and the output voltage with respect to the output voltage of the output side inverter unit 120.
  • the modulation index calculator 165 calculates the composite vector time together with the input valid vector time calculated from the input vector time calculator 161 and the output valid vector time calculated from the output vector time calculator 163. Calculate the modulation index.
  • the composite vector time calculator 170 may determine the input valid vector time calculated from the input vector time calculator 161, the output valid vector time calculated from the output vector time calculator 163, and the modulation index calculator 165.
  • the synthesized vector time can be calculated using the modulation index MI calculated from.
  • FIG. 5 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a space vector of an input side converter unit and an output side inverter unit in a three-phase and three-phase / single-phase direct type power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sector discriminator 130 may distinguish six current sectors by using a space vector for an input current.
  • the sector discriminating unit 130 may distinguish six voltage sectors by using a space vector for the output voltage.
  • the input converter 110 and the output inverter 120 are each composed of six current sectors and six voltage sectors. Can be distinguished.
  • the space vector of the output voltage of the output inverter 120 may be expressed by the following equation when the output inverter 120 is composed of three phases (hereinafter referred to as a three-phase output inverter). .
  • Equation 2 is a formula in which the three-phase output side inverter unit 120 represents a space vector, where ⁇ 1 is a phase of the space vector with respect to the input current and ⁇ 0 is a phase of the space vector with respect to the output voltage.
  • the power conversion apparatus needs sector information considering the phase angle of the input current and the phase angle of the output voltage at the same time, for this purpose, the current sector of the input side converter unit 110 and the three-phase output side inverter unit 120
  • the input voltage converter 110 and the three-phase output inverter 120 may be controlled by dividing the voltage sector into 36 synthesized sectors.
  • a composite sector configuration according to the current sector of the input converter unit 110 and the voltage sector of the three-phase output inverter unit 120 is shown in Table 1 below.
  • Table 1 Converter input current sector Inverter output current sector Synthetic Sector 1 to 6
  • the effective vector application time for implementing the modulation scheme is determined based on the calculated space vector for the input current and the output voltage. Can be calculated.
  • the effective vector application time for implementing the modulation technique may be expressed as Equation 3 below. That is, the input vector time calculating unit 161 and the output vector time calculating unit 163 are input effective vector time and three-phase output side inverter unit 120 with respect to the input current of the input side converter unit 110 through Equation (3).
  • the output effective vector time for the output voltage can be calculated.
  • Ti1 and Ti2 are input valid vector times
  • Tv1 and Tv2 are output vector times.
  • the synthesized vector time calculating unit 170 is as follows. Through Equation 4, the synthesized vector time to be used in the input side converter unit 110 and the three-phase output side inverter unit 120 of the power converter may be calculated.
  • Ts is a control period
  • T1 to T4 is a composite vector time
  • T0 is a composite zero vector application time
  • MI is a modulation index
  • k is an output sector
  • i is an input sector.
  • the sector discriminating unit 130 can be divided into six current sectors using the space vector for the input current.
  • the sector discriminating unit 130 may create a virtual space vector for the output voltage and distinguish two sectors by using the virtual space vector.
  • the two sectors divided by the virtual space vector have a 180 degree phase difference according to the positive and negative states of the command voltage.
  • Equation 1 the space vector with respect to the input current of the input side converter unit 110 of the three-phase / single-phase direct power converter is expressed by Equation 1, which is the same as the input converter unit 110 of the three-phase direct power converter.
  • Equation 5 the space vector with respect to the output voltage of the single-phase output side inverter unit 120 may be expressed by Equation 5 below.
  • the effective vector application time for implementing the modulation scheme is determined based on the calculated space vector for the input current and the output voltage. Can be calculated.
  • the effective vector application time for implementing the modulation technique may be expressed as Equation 6 below. That is, the input vector time calculating unit 161 and the output vector time calculating unit 163 are input effective vector time and single phase output side inverter unit 120 with respect to the input current of the input side converter unit 110 through Equation 6 below.
  • the output effective vector time for the output voltage can be calculated.
  • the synthesized vector time calculating unit 170 is as follows. Through Equation (7), the synthesized vector time to be used for the input side converter unit 110 and the single phase output side inverter unit 120 of the power converter may be calculated.
  • the control signal generator 150 synthesizes the calculated vector time calculation unit 170. Generates a control signal for performing an operation according to the switching sequence of the input side converter unit 110 and the three-phase or single-phase output side inverter unit 120 determined by the sequence determiner 140 during the vector time and the zero vector application time. .
  • the sequence determiner 140 may include an input converter 110 and a three-phase inverter 120 for each of a plurality of sectors determined by the sector discriminator 130. Determine the switching sequence of.
  • the control signal generator 150 When the switching sequence for each of the input side converter unit 110 and the three-phase output side inverter unit 120 is determined by the sequence determiner 140, the control signal generator 150 generates the input side converter unit 110 and the three-phase output side.
  • a control signal for performing the switching operation of the input side converter unit 110 and the three-phase output side inverter unit 120 is generated according to the switching sequence of the inverter unit 120 and the calculated composite vector time. Accordingly, the input side converter unit 110 and the three-phase output side inverter unit 120 may perform a switching operation according to the control signal generated through the control signal generator 150.
  • sequence determiner 140 may determine the switching sequence of the input converter 110 and the output inverter 120 through the following embodiment.
  • the sequence determiner 140 determines the switching sequence of the input side converter 110 as a two-stage switching sequence without a zero vector, and determines the switching sequence of the three-phase output inverter 120 as a zero vector and a vector. It can be determined by a five-stage switching sequence including the valid vector.
  • the sequence determiner 140 is a combination of the two-stage switching sequence of the input side converter unit 110 and the five-stage switching sequence of the three-phase output side inverter unit 120 such that the power converter has a six-stage switching sequence.
  • the switching sequence of the input side converter unit 110 and the three-phase output side inverter unit 120 may be determined.
  • the six-stage switching sequence may have a switching sequence of a first valid vector, a second valid vector, a first zero vector, a second zero vector, a third valid vector, and a fourth valid vector, and a plurality of sectors. It may be made of the same pattern.
  • the sequence determiner 140 determines the switching sequence of the input converter 110 as a two-stage switching sequence without a zero vector, and determines the switching sequence of the three-phase output inverter 120 as a zero vector. And a seven-stage switching sequence including the valid vector.
  • the sequence determiner 140 is a combination of the two-stage switching sequence of the input side converter unit 110 and the seven-stage switching sequence of the three-phase output side inverter unit 120 such that the power converter has an eight-stage switching sequence. The switching sequence of the input side converter unit 110 and the three-phase output side inverter unit 120 may be determined.
  • the sequence determination unit 140 may determine the switching sequence of eight steps based on the identification information of the plurality of sectors to which the identification information of 1 to 36 is assigned. Specifically, if the plurality of sectors determined by the sector discriminating unit 130 is odd, the sequence determining unit 140, based on the first condition, the first zero vector, the first valid vector, the second valid vector, and the second sector. An eight-stage switching sequence of the zero vector, the third zero vector, the third valid vector, the fourth valid vector, and the fourth zero vector may be determined. On the other hand, if the plurality of sectors determined by the sector discriminating unit 130 is an even number, the sequence determining unit 140 based on the second condition, the first zero vector, the second valid vector, the first valid vector, and the second zero. The eight-stage switching sequence of the vector, the third zero vector, the fourth valid vector, the third valid vector, and the fourth zero vector may be determined.
  • FIG. 6 is an exemplary view showing a switching sequence of a conventional power converter.
  • a power converter connected directly to an input / output without a power buffer circuit in the middle should combine input and output vector application times to simultaneously control input and output.
  • the synthesized vector application time consists of four valid vectors and one zero vector. Therefore, the conventional power converter uses a control method of an 11-switch switching sequence or a control method of a 9-switch switching sequence.
  • FIG. 6A illustrates a conventional method of controlling a 11-divided switching sequence, in which a zero vector is formed in a first section, a sixth section, and an eleventh section, and a second to fifth section and a seventh to seventh section. It is a sequence in which an effective vector is formed in 10 sections. Therefore, the input side converter unit 110 and the three-phase output side inverter unit 120 perform 11 switching switching cycles according to the 11 division switching sequence.
  • FIG. 6 (b) shows a conventional method of controlling a 9 division switching sequence, in which an effective vector is formed in the first to fourth and sixth to ninth sections, and a zero vector is formed in the fifth section. Is a sequence of. Accordingly, it can be seen that the input switching unit 110 and the three-phase output inverter 120 perform nine switching switching operations according to the nine split switching sequence, thereby reducing the number of switching switching times compared to the 11 split switching sequence control method. .
  • the conventional switching sequence controller method has a problem in that power loss occurs due to a large number of switching times compared to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a switching sequence for implementing partial zero current switching of a converter unit of a three-phase direct type power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the switching sequence shown in FIG. 7 is generated by combining a two-stage switching sequence without the zero vector of the input side converter unit 110 and a five-stage switching sequence for the zero and effective vectors of the three-phase output side inverter unit 120.
  • the six-stage switching sequence has a sequence of a first valid vector, a second valid vector, a first zero vector, a second zero vector, a third valid vector, and a fourth valid vector.
  • the switching pattern of the input side converter unit 110 and the switching pattern of the three-phase output side inverter unit 120 with respect to the first sector are as shown in Tables 2 and 3 below, and the switching of the input side converter unit 110 is performed.
  • the six-stage switching sequence according to the combination of the pattern and the switching pattern of the three-phase output side inverter unit 120 is shown in Table 4 below.
  • switching is performed by performing partial zero current switching (PZCS) operation.
  • PZCS partial zero current switching
  • FIG. 8 is an exemplary view illustrating a switching sequence for implementing zero current switching of a converter unit of a three-phase power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sequence determiner 140 is a two-stage switching sequence and a three-phase output side inverter without a zero vector of the input side converter 110 based on the number of sectors determined by the sector discriminator 130.
  • the eight-stage switching sequence may be determined by combining the seven-stage switching sequence for the zero and valid vectors of the unit 120.
  • the step switching sequence includes a first zero vector, a first valid vector, a second valid vector, a second zero vector, a third zero vector, and a third valid vector. It has a sequence of the fourth valid vector and the fourth zero vector order.
  • the eight steps according to the combination of the switching pattern ⁇ Table 2> and the switching pattern ⁇ Table 3> of the three-phase output side inverter unit 120 The switching sequence includes a first zero vector, a second valid vector, a first valid vector, a second zero vector, a third zero vector, and a fourth valid vector. It has a sequence of the third valid vector and the fourth zero vector order.
  • the input side converter unit 110 and the three-phase output side inverter unit It may operate based on the hard switching switching and the partial zero current switching of 120, and the number of switching switching according to the partial zero current switching technique (PZCS) may be derived from Equation 8 below.
  • Nprd is the number of switching cycles per control cycle time
  • Nfout is the number of switching cycles per output frequency time
  • Nins is the number of switching sectors
  • Nout is the number of switching sectors
  • Nsc Is the number of switching cycles (output cycle time) during sector switching
  • NZCS is the number of zero current switching (output cycle time)
  • Tprd is the control cycle time
  • Nesl is the number of switching cycles of the power converter except for zero current switching (output cycle time).
  • Table 7 shows a comparison relationship between the switching control times according to the conventional control method and the partial zero current switching method according to the present invention.
  • Table 8 shows the relationship between the number of switching in the conventional control method according to the input commercial frequency and the output frequency and the partial zero current switching method according to the present invention.
  • Table 8 Output frequency Number of switching cycles according to input commercial frequency 50 Hz 60 Hz case1 case2 case1 case2 case21 case22 case21 case22 10 Hz 28004 16028 12024 28004 16028 12024 20 Hz 14008 8032 6024 14008 8032 6024 30 Hz 9345 5369 4024 9345 5369 4024 40 Hz 7016 4040 3028 50 Hz 5624 3248 2424 5620 3244 2428 60 Hz 4695 2718 2024 4691 2714 2028 70 Hz 4032 2341 1738 4028 2337 1742 80 Hz 3538 2062 1524 3532 2056 1530 90 Hz 3155 1845 1357 3147 1837 1363 100 Hz 2848 1672 1224 2840 1664 1232
  • case1 is the number of switching switching for the conventional control method
  • case21 is the total switching switching for the proposed control method
  • cass22 is the remaining switching switching count except for the partial zero current switching switching in the case of the proposed control method.
  • all switching switching of the input side converter 110 may operate based on zero current switching, such a partial zero current switching technique (PZCS) and zero.
  • PZCS partial zero current switching technique
  • the switching switching frequency according to the current switching technique ZCS may be derived from Equation 9 below.
  • Table 10 below shows the relationship between the number of switching in the conventional control technique according to the input commercial frequency and the output frequency and the zero current switching technique according to the present invention.
  • Table 10 Output frequency Number of switching cycles according to input commercial frequency 50 Hz 60 Hz case1 case2 case1 case2 case21 case22 case21 case22 10 Hz 28004 20004 12000 28004 20004 12000 20 Hz 14008 10008 6000 14008 10008 6000 30 Hz 9345 6678 4000 9345 6678 4000 40 Hz 7016 5016 3000 7016 5016 3000 50 Hz 5624 4024 2400 5620 4020 2400 60 Hz 4695 3361 2000 4691 3357 2000 70 Hz 4032 2889 1714 4028 2885 1714 80 Hz 3538 2538 1500 3532 2532 1500 90 Hz 3155 2266 1333 3147 2258 1333 100 Hz 2848 2048 1200 2840 2040 1200
  • case1 is the number of switching switching for the case of the conventional control method
  • case21 is the total number of switching switching for the case of the proposed control method
  • cass22 is the remaining number of switching switching except for the number of zero current switching switching in the case of the proposed control method.
  • the voltage of the virtual DC link circuit and the gate signal of the input converter 110 are Switching switching is performed in two patterns between the virtual DC link voltage and the gate signal according to before and after the idle period, and zero current switching operation is performed on three of the input side converter units 110 in which switching switching is performed in two patterns. Able to know.
  • FIG. 9 is an exemplary diagram illustrating waveforms of a virtual DC link voltage, a current, and a gate signal in a partial zero current switching mode of a three-phase direct power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 10 is an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is an exemplary diagram illustrating an enlarged waveform of a virtual DC link voltage, a current, and a gate signal in a partial zero current switching mode of a three-phase direct type power converter according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 11 is a three-phase direct type according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a part of a three-phase direct power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is an exemplary figure which shows the waveform of an output line voltage and an output current in zero current switching mode.
  • FIG. 11 it can be seen from the output waveform simulated with reference to FIG. 9 that an enlarged output waveform for the switching gate signal of the input side converter unit 110 appears at the top and the virtual link current at the bottom. .
  • TSDPC direct current power conversion device
  • FIG. 13 is an exemplary view illustrating waveforms of a virtual DC link voltage, a current, and a gate signal in a zero current switching mode of a three-phase direct power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is an exemplary diagram illustrating an enlarged waveform of a virtual DC link voltage, a current, and a gate signal in a zero current switching mode of a three-phase direct power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a three-phase direct power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is an exemplary diagram illustrating an enlarged waveform of the virtual DC link voltage and the switching gate signal of the input side converter unit in the zero current switching mode of the device, and
  • FIG. Is an exemplary diagram showing waveforms of output line voltage and output current.
  • FIG. 15 it can be seen from the output waveform simulated with reference to FIG. 13 that an enlarged output waveform for the switching gate signal of the input side converter unit 110 appears at the top and the virtual link current at the top. .
  • FIGS. 16A and 16B it can be seen that waveforms of the output line voltage and output current appear. have. It can be seen that the zero current switching operation is performed in the region A and the region B where the switching switching is performed between the virtual DC link voltage and the gate signal q1. Accordingly, the input side converter unit 110 is performed in the region A and region B. It can be seen that all of the switching switches of) perform the zero current switching operation.
  • FIG. 17 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a switching sequence for implementing zero current switching of a three-phase / single-phase direct power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the switching sequence shown in FIG. 17 is a six-stage switching sequence generated by combining a two-stage switching sequence of the input side converter unit 110 and a five-stage switching sequence for the zero and effective vectors of the single-phase output side inverter unit 120.
  • the switching pattern of the input side converter unit 110 and the switching pattern of the single phase output side inverter unit 120 are as shown in Tables 12 and 13 below.
  • the following six switching sequences may be determined from the switching pattern of the input side converter unit 110 and the switching pattern of the single phase output side inverter unit 120.
  • the six switching sequences determined from the switching pattern of the input side converter unit 110 and the switching pattern of the single phase output side inverter unit 120 may include a first zero vector, a second effective vector, and a first one. 2nd zero vector, 3rd zero vector, first valid vector, and 4th zero vector, the first switching sequence and the first zero vector, the first valid vector, the second zero vector, the third zero vector, the second valid vector, and It may be one of the second switching sequences of the fourth zero vector order.
  • the first switching sequence it may be composed of a six-step switching sequence as shown in Table 14 below.
  • the second switching sequence it may be made of a switching sequence of six steps as shown in Table 15 below.
  • the single-phase output side inverter unit 120 creates a zero vector section at the time of switching switching of the input side converter unit 110 occurs. Accordingly, the power supply is cut off between the input side converter unit 110 and the single phase output side inverter unit 120 at the time when the single phase output side inverter unit 120 is controlled in the zero vector switching state.
  • the switching operation is zero current switching, allowing bidirectional power control without current direction detection.
  • FIG. 18 is an exemplary view illustrating waveforms of output current and output line voltage according to a simulation performed in a three-phase / single-phase direct current converter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a simulation in a three-phase / single-phase direct current converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the entire circuit configuration of the three-phase / single-phase direct type power converter is constructed.
  • the simulation specification conditions are set as shown in Table 16 below.
  • the switching loss of the bidirectional switching elements of the input side converter unit 110 is minimized through the control method of the spatial vector modulation method (SVPWM) based on the zero current switching of the three-phase / single-phase direct power converter according to the present invention.
  • switching switching of the bidirectional switching device of the input side converter unit 110 may be performed without using a conventional current direction detection circuit.
  • all switching switching of the input side converter unit 110 operates with zero current switching, thereby minimizing switching losses and increasing efficiency of the entire system.
  • 21 is an exemplary view showing a result of comparing the conventional control method and the number of partial zero current switching switching times during one cycle in the three-phase direct power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the number of switching switching is a conventional control technique. It can be seen that the reduction is about 30% or more compared to the 9-stage switching switching technique. Furthermore, when using the TSD control method based on the partial zero current switching according to the present invention, the efficiency of the three-phase direct conversion device is expected to be improved, particularly in an environment with low output frequency. You can expect.
  • TSDPC space vector modulation
  • FIG. 22 is an exemplary view showing a result of comparing a conventional controller method and a zero current switching switching frequency during one cycle in a three-phase direct type power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is a flowchart of a switch control method of a power conversion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power converter is an AC / AC power converter that converts a three-phase AC input without a DC link circuit.
  • a power converter may be a three-phase direct power converter or a three-phase / single-phase direct power converter, depending on the embodiment.
  • Such a power converter determines a plurality of sectors for the input current of the input side converter section and the output voltage of the output side inverter section (S2310). Thereafter, the power conversion apparatus calculates a synthesized vector time using at least one of an input current of the input side converter 110, an output voltage of the output inverter 120, and a modulation index MI (S2320). Thereafter, the power conversion apparatus determines a switching sequence of the input side converter unit 110 and a switching sequence of the output side inverter unit 120 for each of the determined plurality of sectors (S2330).
  • the power conversion apparatus performs switching operations of the input side converter unit 110 and the output side inverter unit 120 based on the switching sequence of the input side converter unit 110 and the output side inverter unit 120 and the synthesis vector time.
  • the control signal is generated and the switching operation of the input side converter unit 110 and the output side inverter unit 120 is controlled based on the generated control signal (S2340).
  • the input side converter when the power converter is a three-phase direct power converter, the input side converter includes six bidirectional switching elements for four quadrant operation, and the output side inverter unit 120 has a structure of a general voltage inverter. Is done.
  • the output side inverter unit 120 may be configured by, for example, two switching elements connected in series to each other to form one pole, and three poles connected in parallel to each other. At this time, in order to output the three-phase AC voltage, it is preferable that the switch elements of one pole and the neighboring pole operate complementarily.
  • the input side converter unit 110 includes six bidirectional switching elements for four-quadrant operation
  • the output side inverter unit 120 is a general single-phase voltage type
  • the structure of the inverter is made. That is, the output side inverter unit 120 may include an input side converter unit 110 including six bidirectional switching elements and four unidirectional switching elements for single phase grid connection.
  • the power converter when the power converter is a three-phase direct power converter, six current sectors are divided by using a space vector of the input current of the input side converter unit, and the output side inverter unit (hereinafter referred to as a three-phase output side inverter unit) The six voltage sectors can be distinguished using the space vector for the output voltage. Thereafter, the three-phase direct type power converter calculates the synthesized vector time based on at least one of an input current of the input side converter unit, an output current of the three-phase output side inverter unit, and a modulation index MI.
  • the three-phase direct type power converter calculates the input effective vector time by using the phase of the sector and the input current with respect to the input current of the input side converter.
  • the three-phase direct type power converter calculates an output valid vector time using the phase of the sector and the output voltage with respect to the output voltage of the three-phase output side inverter.
  • the three-phase direct power converter can calculate the composite vector time using the calculated input valid vector time and output valid vector time and the modulation index MI. have.
  • the three-phase direct type power converter determines the switching sequence of the input side converter unit and the switching sequence of the three-phase output side inverter unit for each of the plurality of sectors determined in step S2310. Subsequently, the three-phase direct power converter performs switching operations of the input-side converter unit and the three-phase output side inverter unit according to the switching sequence determined for each sector during the composite vector time and the composite zero vector application time. do.
  • the three-phase direct type power converter determines the switching sequence of the input-side converter unit as a two-stage switching sequence without zero vector, and the five-stage including the zero vector and the effective vector as the switching sequence of the three-phase output side inverter unit. Can be determined by the switching sequence.
  • the three-phase direct power converter is a combination of a two-stage switching sequence of the input side converter section and a five-stage switching sequence of the three-phase output side inverter section so that the three-phase direct power converter has a six-stage switching sequence. And a switching sequence of the three-phase output side inverter unit.
  • the six-stage switching sequence may have a switching sequence of a first valid vector, a second valid vector, a first zero vector, a second zero vector, a third valid vector, and a fourth valid vector, and a plurality of sectors. It may be made of the same pattern.
  • the three-phase direct-type power conversion device determines the switching sequence of the input side converter unit as a two-stage switching sequence without zero vector, and the switching sequence of the three-phase output side inverter unit 7 including a zero vector and an effective vector. Can be determined by the step switching sequence.
  • the three-phase direct type power conversion device is a combination of a two-stage switching sequence of the input side converter section and a seven-stage switching sequence of the three-phase output side inverter section so that the power conversion device has an eight-stage switching sequence so that the input side converter section and the output side inverter section The switching sequence can be determined.
  • the three-phase direct power switching device if the determined plurality of sectors is odd, based on the first condition, the first zero vector, the first valid vector, the second valid vector, the second zero vector, and the third An eight-stage switching sequence of the zero vector, the third valid vector, the fourth valid vector, and the fourth zero vector may be determined.
  • the three-phase direct-type power conversion device if the determined plurality of sectors is even, based on the second condition, the first zero vector, the second valid vector, the first valid vector, the second zero vector, the third zero vector, An eight-stage switching sequence of the fourth valid vector, the third valid vector, and the fourth zero vector may be determined.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the eight-stage switching sequence may have the same pattern for each of a plurality of sectors.
  • the three-phase direct power converter according to the present invention is a six-stage switching generated by a combination of a two-stage switching sequence without a zero vector of the input side converter unit and a five-stage switching sequence for the zero and effective vectors of the three-phase output side inverter unit.
  • the switching operation of the input side converter section and the three-phase output side inverter section is performed according to the eight-step switching sequence generated by the sequence or the combination of the seven-step switching sequence.
  • the three-phase direct type power converter performs Partial Zero Current Switching (PZCS) operation when switching of the input side converter part occurs in a zero vector period, thereby minimizing power loss generated during switching.
  • PZCS Partial Zero Current Switching
  • the number of switching switching is reduced, thereby minimizing power loss.
  • a virtual space vector for an output voltage may be created, and two sectors may be distinguished using the virtual space vector.
  • the two sectors divided by the virtual space vector have a 180 degree phase difference according to the positive and negative states of the command voltage.
  • the input side is based on the calculated space vector for the input current and the output voltage.
  • the input valid vector time for the input current of the converter section and the output valid vector time for the output voltage of the single-phase output side inverter section can be calculated.
  • the three-phase / single phase direct type power converter calculates a composite vector time to be used for the input side converter unit and the single phase output side inverter unit based on Equation 7 described above. Thereafter, the three-phase / single-phase direct type power converter determines the switching sequence of the input side converter unit and the switching sequence of the single phase output side inverter unit for each of the plurality of sectors determined in step S2310. Thereafter, the three-phase / single phase direct type power converter performs the switching operation of the input side converter unit and the single phase output side inverter unit according to the switching sequence of the input side converter unit and the single phase output side inverter unit determined for each sector.
  • the three-phase / single phase direct power converter has a six-stage switching sequence generated by a combination of a two-stage switching sequence of the input side converter unit and a five-stage switching sequence for the zero and effective vectors of the single-phase output side inverter unit.
  • the switching sequence of the input side converter section and the single phase output side inverter section can be determined.
  • the six-stage switching sequence determined from the switching pattern of the input side converter section and the switching pattern of the single-phase output side inverter section may include a first zero vector, a second valid vector, a second zero vector, and a third zero vector.
  • the three-phase / single-phase direct type power conversion device cuts off the power supply between the input side converter unit and the single phase output side inverter unit at the time when the single phase output side inverter unit is controlled in the zero vector switching state. All switching operations of 110 are zero current switched to allow bidirectional power control without current direction detection.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de conversion de puissance permettant une commutation de commande. Selon la présente invention, un dispositif de conversion de puissance comprend : une unité de convertisseur côté entrée ; une unité d'onduleur côté sortie ; une unité de reconnaissance de secteurs pour reconnaître une pluralité de secteurs pour un courant d'entrée de l'unité de convertisseur et une tension de sortie de l'unité d'onduleur ; une unité de calcul de temps vectoriel composite permettant d'utiliser le courant d'entrée de l'unité de convertisseur et/ou la tension de sortie de l'unité d'onduleur, et/ou un indice de modulation (MI) afin de calculer un vecteur temporel composite ; une unité de détermination de séquence pour déterminer une séquence de commutation de l'unité de convertisseur et une séquence de commutation de l'unité d'onduleur pour chaque secteur de la pluralité de secteurs reconnus ; et une unité de génération de signal de commande pour générer un signal de commande pour effectuer une opération de commutation de l'unité convertisseur et de l'unité d'onduleur sur la base des séquences de commutation de l'unité convertisseur et de l'unité onduleur et du vecteur temporel composite, et la séquence de commutation de l'unité de convertisseur ne comprend pas un vecteur nul. Par conséquent, le dispositif de conversion de puissance permet de réduire au minimum la commutation en simplifiant les séquences de commutation du convertisseur côté entrée et de l'onduleur côté sortie, de façon à pouvoir réduire au minimum la perte de puissance qui se produit pendant une commutation selon une séquence de commutation.
PCT/KR2016/009268 2015-08-21 2016-08-22 Dispositif et procédé de conversion de puissance permettant une commutation de commande WO2017034276A1 (fr)

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