WO2017032354A1 - Joint de cardan conçu pour accoupler des arbres - Google Patents

Joint de cardan conçu pour accoupler des arbres Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017032354A1
WO2017032354A1 PCT/DE2016/000326 DE2016000326W WO2017032354A1 WO 2017032354 A1 WO2017032354 A1 WO 2017032354A1 DE 2016000326 W DE2016000326 W DE 2016000326W WO 2017032354 A1 WO2017032354 A1 WO 2017032354A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bearing
bearing bush
universal joint
fork
cup
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2016/000326
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2017032354A8 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Thomas Klingebiel
Original Assignee
Ifa-Technologies Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ifa-Technologies Gmbh filed Critical Ifa-Technologies Gmbh
Publication of WO2017032354A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017032354A1/fr
Publication of WO2017032354A8 publication Critical patent/WO2017032354A8/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
    • F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
    • F16D3/382—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another constructional details of other than the intermediate member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/26—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected
    • F16D3/38—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another
    • F16D3/40—Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slidably connected with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another with intermediate member provided with two pairs of outwardly-directed trunnions on intersecting axes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a universal joint for connecting shafts, as used for example for connecting two shafts of a gimbal torque transmission, according to the preamble of the preamble of claims 1 or 3.
  • a universal joint consists of a spider, also called a joint star, and two joint forks.
  • Each yoke has at its end facing the hinge star two fork legs and is rotatably connected with its opposite end with one of the two shafts.
  • Each yoke leg is provided with a receptacle for a bearing bush, in each of which a pin of the journal cross is rotatably mounted.
  • the pins of the hinge star are inserted into the associated receptacle and then the bearing bushes are pressed into the receptacles of the yoke legs, whereby the axial position of the spider is secured in the joint forks.
  • the bearing bushes are pressed into the receptacles of the yoke legs, whereby the axial position of the spider is secured in the joint forks.
  • the images of the yoke legs which are also referred to as bearing or fork eyes, formed as holes and provided with a snug fit for the bushings (DE 35 37 234 C2, GB 2 184 200 A).
  • a universal joint in which the fork legs of the fork legs have a snug fit area for needle bushings and on the outside of the fork legs over the extended fit diameter area undercut and an annular groove which serves to receive an axial securing the needle bushes.
  • the undercut is formed extending inwardly over the annular groove of the axial securing.
  • the snug fit area of the fork eye includes the needle boxes in the area of the needles.
  • the spider is designed such that it can be inserted from its installation length by the length in the fork eye, which is equal to or greater than the snug fit of the needle bushings (DE 31 28152 A1).
  • such a securing device consists of at least one recess in the circumference of the bearing bush jacket, in which engages an embossing nose formed on the yoke.
  • the assembly method provides that at least one embossing nose is formed by pressing a punch on the yoke in the region of the bore of the yoke and thereby pressing material of the universal yoke into the recess in the circumference of the bearing bush jacket (DE 10 2004 028 013 A1).
  • a top cover is placed on each of the two bearing bushes and the two end portions of each top cover by means of screws on the end face of the fork arm attached. From the outside is pressed against the mounting portion such that the tab bends and touches the bottom portion of the bearing bush under pretension. During this contact, two more screws are screwed into each threaded hole of the articulated arm until the respective flange portion comes to rest firmly on the support surface of the fork arm. Finally, the pressing force is removed, so that the tab constantly presses against the bottom portion of the bearing bush due to its own bending spring. Analogously, the installation of the bearing bushes in the second yoke of the universal joint.
  • connection arrangements consists in the still relatively high assembly costs, which is connected by the screwing of the top cover and the tabs with the joint forks.
  • imbalances can already arise due to small radial displacements of the tabs or top cover, which lead to running noise at high speeds.
  • an easy-to-install universal joint whose joint forks have fork legs, which are formed as a cup-shaped receptacle for the bearing bush and accessible for insertion of the bearing bush in the axial direction of the waves.
  • the outer shape of the bearing bushes is formed according to the inner shape of the fork legs.
  • the bearing bushes are attached to the pins of the joint star, inserted in the direction of the axis of the yoke in the receptacles of the fork legs and secured by a snap ring, which is inserted into recesses of the receptacles of the fork legs (JP 01169122 A).
  • the disadvantage of this universal joint is that a snap ring is required for securing, which increases the assembly effort of the universal joint.
  • the fork legs of the joint forks are formed at their outer end as axially accessible from the outside cuboid receiving sleeves with V-shaped cutouts.
  • the joint star is accommodated in an adequate square shape having journal and bearing carrier and used together with this in the receiving sleeve.
  • the inner dimensions of the receiving sleeve and the outer dimensions of the journal and bearing carrier are matched well matched, so that easy insertion is possible.
  • the parallel to the axis of the fork arm extending, opposing surfaces lock the hinge star in the direction of its axis of rotation.
  • the connection between receiving sleeve and journal and bearing carrier is designed as a latching connection.
  • the adjacent to these surfaces ends of the bearings of the journal and bearing carrier are hollow, so that they form a space for receiving said bulges.
  • the material and the wall thickness of the receiving sleeves are designed so that the side surfaces provided with the bulges can easily be pushed outward upon insertion of the journal and bearing carrier and engage the bulges in the hollow ends of its bearings when fully inserted pin and bearing carrier (US 6,261, 183 B1).
  • the universal joint according to the invention with the characterizing features of claims 1 or 3 has over the above-mentioned prior art has the significant advantage that it can be easily assembled.
  • the joint forks are formed in one piece, the already completed with the bearing bush bearing journal of the joint star can be used without the previously required during assembly tilting or threading into the yoke.
  • With the insertion and locking of the already completed with the bearing bushes star joint in the joint forks is already both the axial securing of the journal in the direction of the universal joint hinged to each other to be connected waves, as well as its play-free position within the joint forks ensures in the direction of its own axis.
  • bearing bushes are secured with the insertion into the yoke by their positive reception in the fork legs against radial rotation.
  • a subsequent caulking, pinning, wedging or screwing the bearing bushes with the yoke is not required, but can, if desired, still be made in a known manner.
  • kits can be made of different parts of the universal joint, in which the parts and / or shaft sections are provided with adapter pieces and are completed and assembled at the end of production. Completion and assembly are then also possible for the end customer.
  • At least one fork leg of the joint forks is designed as a cup-shaped receptacle for the bearing bush and this receptacle is open in the axial direction of the shafts and thus accessible for insertion of the bearing bush.
  • the bearing bush therefore no longer needs to be pressed into the eyes of the joint forks perpendicular to the axis of the shafts after positioning the cross-joint star in the eyes of the joint forks, but is together with the bearing pin in the direction of the axis of the shaft connected to the yoke in the Inserted receiving cup and locked so that it is secured there against both rotation and in the direction of belonging to the respective yoke shaft in position.
  • cup-shaped receptacles all four, but at least the fork legs belonging to one of the two joint forks are provided with the latching connection, so that all four, but at least completed the belonging to one of the two joint forks Bearing journals are inserted into the openings of the fork legs and engage in the receptacles of the fork legs.
  • the inner wall of the receiving shells is at least partially adapted to the outer contour of the bearing bushes or vice versa, the outer wall of the bearing bushes is designed so that it is positioned without play and secure in position in the yoke.
  • the securing of their position in the receiving tray takes place in two axial directions and in one direction of rotation.
  • the one axial position assurance relates to their position in the direction of the axis of rotation of the bearing pin of the cross-joint star, which is determined by a stop for the free end side of the bearing bush on the inside of the cup-shaped receptacle.
  • the bearing bush is located with its free end face directly on the inside of the cup-shaped receptacle.
  • the second axial position assurance relates to the position of its axis of rotation in the direction of the axis of the shaft belonging to the yoke.
  • the third position to be secured concerns the securing of the bearing bush against rotation in the yoke. All three fuses can be done with known means, namely by form or adhesion. Even gluing the bearing bushes in the receptacles is possible.
  • the latching connection is formed by the inner contour of the cup-shaped receptacle of the fork legs and the outer contour of the bearing bushes.
  • a particularly advantageous technical solution is to make the width of the opening of the cup-shaped receptacle of the fork legs slightly smaller than the largest width of the latching bearing bush.
  • the outer contour of the bearing bush can be designed as usual cylindrical.
  • a slightly higher pressure is used in order to be able to overcome the slightly smaller inlet area than its diameter. NEN.
  • the bearing bush engages in the cup-shaped receptacle whose bottom portion of the cylindrical shape of the outer shell of the bearing bush adapted, for example, is formed as a hollow cylinder.
  • the latching connection is formed by a respectively arranged on the end face of the bearing bush locking lug, which engage in a recess incorporated in the extension of the pin of the cross-joint star in the fork legs recess.
  • the locking means are arranged in the form of an elastically movable locking lug on the end face of the bearing bush, which are pushed into the interior of the bearing bushes when inserted into the cup-shaped receptacle of the fork legs and engage in reaching their end position in a recess of the fork leg.
  • the recess is designed as a hole accessible from the outside, so that the latch lifted by pushing back the latch with a suitable tool and the bearing bush with the cross star removed without much effort again from the fork and the universal joint can be dismantled so easily , This also allows for the service case, z. B. worn bearing bushes to replace.
  • the perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the associated bearing pin extending cross-section of the cup-shaped receptacle and the congruent to this cross-section formed end portion of the bearing bushes is designed polygonal.
  • the bearing bushes are already arranged against rotation in the cup-shaped receptacle and only need to be secured in their position in the axial direction of the shaft.
  • the simplest polygonal cross-sectional shape is that of a rectangle, that is to say that the depth of the cup-shaped receptacle of the bearing bushes extending in the axial direction of the shafts is greater than its width. Consequently, the area of the bearing bushes received by the fork legs has a correspondingly rectangular outer cross-section.
  • the axial stop for the free end face of the bearing bush in the direction of the axis of rotation of the bearing pin is formed respectively by the opposite inner surface of the cup-shaped receptacle, d. H. that the free end face of the bearing bush rests against the inner surface of the cup-shaped receptacle of the fork legs.
  • the bearing bushes are designed as plain bearing bushes. Sliding bearings can be economically produced from self-lubricating plastic, so that no grease is required and such universal joints can then be applied in the food industry.
  • the outer surface of the bearing journals of the cruciform star are slightly convex along its axis and the inner surface of the plain bearing bushing congruent to this crowning formed correspondingly spherical.
  • the opening diameter of the plain bearing bush is slightly smaller than the largest diameter of the free end of the journal.
  • the length of the plain bearing bush is designed to be somewhat larger than the length of the free end of the bearing journal extending from its largest diameter.
  • the plain bearing bush also engages behind the bearing journal over a short distance behind its largest diameter, whereby they are connected captive with the Buchgelenkstern before insertion into the joint forks.
  • the shaft fork of the universal joint consists of a tube into which the two shell-shaped receptacles are pressed. This is particularly advantageous if the waves tubular are formed. In this case, no separate yoke is required, but only the two fork legs are made in the desired shape as a cup-shaped receptacle for the bearing bushes and pressed directly into the shaft tube.
  • the assembly of a universal joint has the advantage over those methods in which the cross-joint star is first positioned in the openings of the fork legs and secured in position after pressing the bearing bushes into the fork legs, that the pre-positioning of the universal joint star can be omitted.
  • a final backup of the bearing bushes in the fork legs against rotation is no longer required, but can also, if desired, still done in a known manner, for example by caulking, pegs, wedging or screwing perpendicular to its axis.
  • the inventive method Compared with those methods in which the already completed with the bearing bushes cross hinge star is inserted in half shells of the fork legs and then secured by placing a second half-shell on the first and screwing with the first half-shell in position, the inventive method has the advantage that it with less parts and thus requires less assembly steps are required for the production of the universal joint, whereby the assembly cost for a universal joint compound reduced overall.
  • FIG. 1 shows a universal joint connection according to the invention in a single part illustration
  • FIG. 2 shows the universal joint connection with shaft in half section
  • 3 is an inventive universal joint with plain bearing of the universal joint star in detail view
  • FIG. 4 shows the universal joint from FIG. 3 in the mounted state
  • Fig. 6 shows a cardan shaft assembly with universal joint.
  • the universal joint according to the invention consists in a known manner of two joint forks 1, each having two opposite fork legs 2 at one end and are connected at its opposite end with a shaft 3, and a funnelgelenkstern 4, depart from the four arranged in a plane perpendicular to each other bearing journals 5, on each of which a needle bearing 6 bearing bushing 7 is pushed.
  • Fig. 2 shows the universal joint according to the invention, in which the cross-joint star 4 is already inserted with its bearing bushes 7 in the first yoke 1.
  • each bearing bush 7 is not circular in its outer cross-section, but longer in the direction of the axis of the shaft 3 than perpendicular to this direction. As a result, they have two parallel side surfaces in the direction of the shaft 3, whose edges pointing in the direction of the shaft 3 are connected to one another by a cylindrical lateral surface. The opposite, in the illustration of FIG. 1 thus facing upward edges of the side surfaces are also connected to each other by a round, but much flatter lateral surface, so that along the bearing bush 7, a short longitudinal edge 8 is formed.
  • any other polygonal shape for. As an ellipse, a square or a polygon possible.
  • Each fork leg 2 has on its inner side an accessible in the direction of the shaft 3 cup-shaped receptacle 9, which is at least partially adapted to the outer contour of the bearing bushes 7, so that the bearing bush 7 in this direction, and only by a linear movement in the direction of the shaft, can be used in the fork leg 2.
  • the cup-shaped receptacle 9 offers the storage
  • the cup-shaped receptacle 9 extends over a short jacket portion 10 in the direction of the lateral surface of the bearing bush 7, so that the latter with its adjoining its free end side circumference of this Mantle region 10 is positively enclosed ( Figures 1, 3 and 4).
  • positive locking here does not mean that contact must be made between bearing bush 7 and receptacle 9 over the entire jacket region 10.
  • the touch can also be punctiform or linear. However, it must ensure a secure against rotation of the bearing bush 7 fixation in the fork leg 2 in any case.
  • the connection between the bearing bush 7 and receptacle 9 is formed as a latching connection.
  • the latching connection is realized in that the inside width of the input portion of the cup-shaped receptacle 9 is narrower by a few tenths of mm than the largest width of the bearing bushing 7.
  • the universal joint according to the invention shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 has the same parts as that of FIGS. 1 and 2 from the basic structure forth.
  • plain bearing bushings 11 are used here.
  • this universal joint is the connection of the plain bearing bushes 11 with the bearing pin 5 of the star joint 4.
  • the lateral surface of each journal 5 slightly convex and sitting on this inner surface of the plain bearing bush 11 accordingly is concave (representation in Fig. 5 is for Clarification greatly exaggerated).
  • the connection with the Buchgelenkstern 4 designed captive by this crowning which is therefore important because the plain bearing bushes
  • Fig. 6 shows the direct connection of the fork legs 2 with the cup-shaped receptacles 9 with a tube 14 which acts as a shaft. As a result, no separate yoke needs to be made.
  • the fork legs 2 can for example be pressed into the tube 14.
  • the essential advantage of the invention lies in the simpler mounting of the universal joint, which will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • the bearing bushes 7 and plain bearing bushes 11 are attached to the bearing pin 5 of the accomplishgelenkstems 4. 1 and 3 it can be seen that three of the bearing pin 5 of the accomplishgelenkstems 4 are already provided with a respective bearing bushing 7 and slide bearing bush 11.
  • the so completed funnelgelenkstern 4 is inserted into the receptacles 9 of the fork legs 2 of a yoke 1 until the bearing bushes 7 engage in the cup-shaped receptacles 9 of the fork legs 2.
  • the latching lug projecting from the free end face of each plain bearing bush 11 latches
  • the dismantling of the universal joint can be done much easier than in the first-described locking connection in that the locking lugs 13 are pushed back from the outside through the holes 12, which subtracted a yoke 1 from the star 4 and then the funnelgelenkstem 4 from the other yoke is taken out.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un joint de cardan conçu pour accoupler deux arbres d'une transmission de couple à cardan. Ce joint de cardan comporte deux fourches (1) présentant respectivement deux branches (2) dont l'extrémité opposée est reliée solidaire en rotation à un arbre (3), et une étoile de joint de cardan (4) présentant quatre tourillons (5) montés rotatifs dans la fourche (1) au moyen d'un coussinet (7, 11). Les branches (2) du joint de cardan se présentent sous la forme d'un logement (9) cupuliforme ouvert en direction axiale des arbres (3) pour le coussinet (7, 11) avec une butée pour la face frontale libre du coussinet (7, 11), et recevant, par complémentarité de forme, une zone étroite de la surface du coussinet (7, 11). Le coussinet (7, 11) présente un contour extérieur correspondant au contour intérieur du logement (9) cupuliforme et peut être inséré dans le logement (9) cupuliforme dans la direction axiale des arbres (3). Pour fixer la position du coussinet (7, 11) dans la fourche (1) dans la direction axiale de l'arbre (3), un assemblage par encliquetage est prévu sur la branche (2) et/ou le coussinet (7, 11). Selon l'invention, cet assemblage par encliquetage est ménagé dans la zone du logement (9) cupuliforme qui accueille la zone de la surface du coussinet (7, 11) s'étendant en direction de l'axe de rotation du tourillon (5).
PCT/DE2016/000326 2015-08-21 2016-08-19 Joint de cardan conçu pour accoupler des arbres WO2017032354A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015010802.6A DE102015010802A1 (de) 2015-08-21 2015-08-21 Kreuzgelenk, Verfahren zur Montage eines Kreuzgelenks und Verfahren zur Verbindung von zwei Wellen mit einem Kreuzgelenk
DE102015010802.6 2015-08-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017032354A1 true WO2017032354A1 (fr) 2017-03-02
WO2017032354A8 WO2017032354A8 (fr) 2017-04-13

Family

ID=57042633

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2016/000326 WO2017032354A1 (fr) 2015-08-21 2016-08-19 Joint de cardan conçu pour accoupler des arbres

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE102015010802A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017032354A1 (fr)

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4138863A (en) * 1977-08-25 1979-02-13 Rockford Acromatic Products Co. Universal joint cross with adjustable bearing cups
DE3128152A1 (de) 1981-07-16 1983-02-03 Jean Walterscheid Gmbh, 5204 Lohmar "kreuzgelenk"
GB2184200A (en) 1985-12-16 1987-06-17 Torrington Co Improvements in or relating to yokes for universal joints
JPH01169122A (ja) 1987-12-24 1989-07-04 Nakamura Jikou:Kk ユニバーサルジョイント
DE3537234C2 (fr) 1985-10-19 1990-05-23 Ina Waelzlager Schaeffler Kg, 8522 Herzogenaurach, De
US5501638A (en) * 1994-03-29 1996-03-26 Dana Corporation Bearing cup retainer strap for universal joint
US5769720A (en) * 1995-06-15 1998-06-23 Dana Corporation Anti-rotation bearing cap and retainer for universal joint
US6261183B1 (en) 1998-12-31 2001-07-17 Dana Corporation Driveshaft tube and universal joint assembly and method of manufacturing same
DE102004028013A1 (de) 2004-06-08 2005-12-29 Daimlerchrysler Ag Kreuzgelenk

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11223224A (ja) * 1998-02-06 1999-08-17 Najiko Supaisaa Kk 自在継手
US6454657B1 (en) * 1998-12-31 2002-09-24 Spicer Driveshaft, Inc. End yoke for a universal joint assembly
JP2002340012A (ja) * 2001-05-17 2002-11-27 Toyota Motor Corp スリーブヨーク用粗形材及びその製造方法
DE102010019671A1 (de) * 2010-05-07 2011-11-10 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Zapfenlager

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4138863A (en) * 1977-08-25 1979-02-13 Rockford Acromatic Products Co. Universal joint cross with adjustable bearing cups
DE3128152A1 (de) 1981-07-16 1983-02-03 Jean Walterscheid Gmbh, 5204 Lohmar "kreuzgelenk"
DE3537234C2 (fr) 1985-10-19 1990-05-23 Ina Waelzlager Schaeffler Kg, 8522 Herzogenaurach, De
GB2184200A (en) 1985-12-16 1987-06-17 Torrington Co Improvements in or relating to yokes for universal joints
JPH01169122A (ja) 1987-12-24 1989-07-04 Nakamura Jikou:Kk ユニバーサルジョイント
US5501638A (en) * 1994-03-29 1996-03-26 Dana Corporation Bearing cup retainer strap for universal joint
US5769720A (en) * 1995-06-15 1998-06-23 Dana Corporation Anti-rotation bearing cap and retainer for universal joint
US6261183B1 (en) 1998-12-31 2001-07-17 Dana Corporation Driveshaft tube and universal joint assembly and method of manufacturing same
DE102004028013A1 (de) 2004-06-08 2005-12-29 Daimlerchrysler Ag Kreuzgelenk

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102015010802A1 (de) 2017-02-23
WO2017032354A8 (fr) 2017-04-13

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