WO2017031827A1 - Composite back sheet for solar cell and preparation method therefor - Google Patents

Composite back sheet for solar cell and preparation method therefor Download PDF

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WO2017031827A1
WO2017031827A1 PCT/CN2015/093266 CN2015093266W WO2017031827A1 WO 2017031827 A1 WO2017031827 A1 WO 2017031827A1 CN 2015093266 W CN2015093266 W CN 2015093266W WO 2017031827 A1 WO2017031827 A1 WO 2017031827A1
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back sheet
solar cell
composite
calcium fluoride
polycarbonate
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PCT/CN2015/093266
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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施成军
张津
汤叶华
宋文洲
薛顾政
卢宝荣
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欧贝黎新能源科技股份有限公司
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/03—3 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
    • B32B2250/246—All polymers belonging to those covered by groups B32B27/32 and B32B27/30
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/416—Reflective
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/754—Self-cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a solar cell composite back plate and a preparation method thereof.
  • the solar photovoltaic module is mainly composed of a glass cover plate, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), a battery sheet, a back sheet, a junction box and a frame. Because the back plate supports and protects the battery sheet, and the back plate serves as a packaging material that directly contacts the natural environment of the outside world, its performance directly determines the power generation efficiency and service life of the photovoltaic module, and the back plate must have excellent insulation. Water vapor barrier properties and weather resistance, so the impact of backplane performance on solar photovoltaic modules is very important. The backplane plays a key role in battery life, output power, and safety.
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
  • the solar cell backsheet with poor performance is used for 8 to 10 years in a common climate and 5 to 8 years in a special environment (plateau, island, wetland, etc.), that is, delamination, cracking, foaming, and deformation Yellow and other undesirable phenomena, resulting in battery module falling off, battery slip, battery effective output power reduction, etc., and even electric arcing phenomenon, causing battery components to burn and promote fire, resulting in personnel damage and property damage.
  • the existing back sheet is mainly made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as a substrate, and composite or coated with a functional fluorine material on one side or both sides, so that the back sheet has good barrier and weather resistance. And insulation properties, therefore, the performance of the fluorine-containing material outside the substrate is particularly critical.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • Cide No. 201110188877.4 discloses a solar cell backsheet comprising a gas barrier layer, a processing layer and a plurality of outer coating layers, and at least one outer coating layer is a composite film made of polyimide and Teflon.
  • the composite film may be formed by laminating a polyimide film and a Teflon film, or may be a coextruded film of polyimide and Teflon, and the gas barrier layer can effectively block moisture and process.
  • the layer is suitable for lamination processing or provides a buffering effect
  • the polyimide resin has weather resistance property
  • Teflon can further block moisture and ultraviolet rays, but the solar cell prepared by the prior art scheme
  • the back plate has poor heat dissipation and poor anti-pollution ability, which reduces the service life of the solar cell to a certain extent.
  • Cide No. 201310719113.2 discloses a solar cell backsheet comprising a base layer, wherein the base layer is a plastic layer, and the surfaces on both sides of the base layer are respectively connected with a resin layer through an adhesive layer, and the surface of the resin layer is protected.
  • a film, the protective film comprising a silicon oxide coating disposed on a surface of the resin layer, the surface of the silicon oxide coating being connected with a coating layer through another adhesive layer
  • the plastic layer Polyethylene terephthalate is used, the resin layer is a polyvinylidene fluoride resin layer, the adhesive layer is an ethyl acetate layer, and the coating film layer is a polyimide film layer.
  • the solar backing plate prepared by the prior art has good tensile strength, high water vapor transmission rate and high heat shrinkage rate, but there are still problems such as poor heat dissipation and poor anti-fouling ability, which all affect the electrical performance of the solar cell.
  • the present invention provides a solar cell composite backsheet.
  • a solar battery back sheet with good insulation performance, anti-aging and corrosion resistance can be prepared.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is: a solar cell composite backplane, which in turn comprises a first backplane, a second backplane, a third backplane, a first backplane and a second backplane, a second backplane and a
  • the third back plate further has an adhesive layer, and the first back plate is adjacent to the EVA film of the solar cell, wherein the first back plate is a polyvinylidene fluoride film; the second back plate is a poly pair The ethylene phthalate film; the third back sheet is a composite film composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride.
  • the calcium fluoride in the third back sheet is nano-calcium fluoride.
  • the calcium fluoride in the third back sheet is nano-calcium fluoride modified by a hexafluoropropylene oxide oligomer type surfactant, a titanate coupling agent, and a polymer compatibilizer.
  • the polycarbonate is coated on the surface of the type of surfactant calcium fluoride to form a structure in which calcium fluoride is used as a core and polycarbonate is used as a shell.
  • the first back sheet may also be replaced by a composite film composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride.
  • a polyvinylidene fluoride film may be used instead of the polyvinylidene fluoride film.
  • the invention also discloses a preparation method of the solar cell composite backboard, which comprises the following steps:
  • preparing a composite film composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride preparing calcium fluoride-polycarbonate composite particles and polyvinylidene fluoride pellets in a weight ratio of 0.5 to 1:9.5 to 9 Put into a high-speed pulverizer, mix uniformly, and then put the mixture into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion and casting into a film; the temperature of each section of the screw in the twin-screw extruder is from the feed port to the outlet hole.
  • Set 6 temperature intervals which are: 165 ° C, 180 ° C, 190 ° C, 190 ° C, 185 ° C, 170 ° C;
  • the titanate coupling agent is added in an amount of 0.2-0.8% by weight based on the weight of the nano-calcium fluoride.
  • the acrylic polymer compatibilizer accounts for 1.5-2.8%, preferably 2.0% by weight of the nano-calcium fluoride; the hexafluoropropylene oxide oligomer-type surfactant accounts for the weight of the nano-calcium fluoride. 0.3-1.2%, preferably 0.6%; the calcium fluoride is 3-6%, preferably 5%, based on the total weight of the polycarbonate monomer.
  • the composite film composed of the polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride is cast into a film having a thickness of 20 to 45 ⁇ m, preferably 30 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the first back sheet and the third back sheet in step 4) is 30 ⁇ ; the thickness of the second back sheet is 200-300 ⁇ m, further preferably 250 ⁇ m; the adhesive layer is a vinyl acetate copolymer, and the thickness is 8-12 ⁇ m.
  • the solar cell composite backsheet provided by the invention adopts a composite film composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride, and the prepared solar composite backsheet has better mechanical properties and more. High operating temperature and strong anti-fouling ability, which improves the service life of the backboard.
  • the solar cell backsheet prepared by the technical scheme of the invention has strong resistance to water vapor erosion and does not It can only withstand high temperatures and is also resistant to low temperatures and corrosion.
  • the solar cell backsheet prepared by the technical scheme of the invention has strong ability of reflecting sunlight, can block ultraviolet rays in the air, enhances the anti-aging property of the backboard, and can also scatter infrared rays and reduce the temperature of the backboard.
  • the heat dissipation effect is good, which extends the service life of the backboard.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a solar cell composite back sheet provided by the present invention.
  • Reference numerals in the figures illustrate: a first backing plate 1, a second backing plate 2, and a third backing plate 3.
  • a solar cell composite backplane includes a first backplane 1 , a second backplane 2 , a third backplane 3 , a first backplane 1 and a second backplane 2 , and a second There is also an adhesive layer 4 between the back sheet 2 and the third back sheet 3, and the first back sheet 1 is adjacent to the EVA film of the solar cell.
  • the first back sheet 1 is a polyvinylidene fluoride film
  • the second back sheet 2 is a polyethylene terephthalate film
  • the third back sheet 3 is composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride. Composite film.
  • the calcium fluoride in the third back sheet 3 is nano-calcium fluoride.
  • the calcium fluoride is a nano-calcium fluoride modified by a hexafluoropropylene oxide oligomer type surfactant, a titanate coupling agent, or a polymer compatibilizer.
  • the polycarbonate is coated on the surface of the type of surfactant calcium fluoride to form a structure in which calcium fluoride is used as a core and polycarbonate is used as a shell.
  • the solar cell composite backsheet provided by the invention adopts a composite film composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride, and the prepared solar composite backsheet has better mechanical properties and higher use. Temperature, and has a strong anti-fouling ability, which improves the service life of the backboard.
  • a solar cell composite backplane includes a first backplane 1, a second backplane 2, a third backplane 3, a first backplane 1 and a second backplane 2, and a second backplane.
  • the second back sheet 2 is a polyethylene terephthalate film; the first back sheet 1 and the third back sheet 3 are both composite films composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride.
  • the calcium fluoride in the first and third back sheets 3 is nano-calcium fluoride.
  • the calcium fluoride is a nano-calcium fluoride modified by a hexafluoropropylene oxide oligomer type surfactant, a titanate coupling agent, or a polymer compatibilizer.
  • the solar battery back sheet prepared by the invention has strong resistance to water vapor erosion, high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance and corrosion resistance.
  • a solar cell composite backplane includes a first backplane 1, a second backplane 2, a third backplane 3, a first backplane 1 and a second backplane 2, and a second backplane.
  • the first back sheet 1 is a polyvinylidene fluoride film
  • the second back sheet 2 is a polyethylene terephthalate film
  • the third back sheet 3 is a polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride film.
  • the calcium fluoride in the third back sheet 3 is nano-calcium fluoride.
  • the calcium fluoride is a nano-calcium fluoride modified by a hexafluoropropylene oxide oligomer type surfactant, a titanate coupling agent, or a polymer compatibilizer.
  • a method for preparing a solar cell composite backboard comprising: the following steps:
  • preparing a composite film composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride preparing calcium fluoride-polycarbonate composite particles and polyvinylidene fluoride pellets in a weight ratio of 0.5 to 1:9.5 to 9 Put it into a high-speed pulverizer, mix it evenly, then put the mixture into a twin-screw extruder and extrude it into a film with a film thickness of 30 ⁇ m.
  • the temperature of each section of the screw in the twin-screw extruder is from the feed port to the feed port.
  • There are 6 temperature intervals in the exit hole which are: 165 ° C, 180 ° C, 190 ° C, 190 ° C, 185 ° C, 170 ° C;
  • a solar cell composite back sheet after applying a bonding layer vinyl acetate copolymer on both sides of the second back sheet, then curing the first back sheet, the second back sheet and the third back sheet by thermocompression bonding Thereafter, a solar cell composite backsheet was prepared, wherein the thicknesses of the first backsheet, the second backsheet, and the third backsheet were 30 ⁇ m, 250 ⁇ m, and 30 ⁇ m, respectively; and the thickness of the adhesive layer was 10 ⁇ m.
  • the solar battery back plate prepared by the technical scheme of the invention has strong ability of reflecting sunlight, can block ultraviolet rays in the air, enhances the anti-aging performance of the back plate, and can also scatter infrared rays, reduce the temperature of the back plate, and has good heat dissipation effect. , extending the life of the backboard.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a composite back sheet for a solar cell, comprising a first back sheet, a second back sheet and a third back sheet successively. Adhesive layers are also arranged between the first back sheet and the second back sheet and between the second back sheet and the third back sheet, and the first back sheet is adjacently connected to an EVA adhesive membrane for a solar cell. The composite back sheet is characterized in that the first back sheet is a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane; the second back sheet is a polyethylene terephthalate membrane; and the third back sheet is a composite membrane composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride. Also provided is a preparation method of the composite back sheet for a solar cell. The back sheet for a solar cell prepared by using the technical solution of the present invention has a strong sunlight reflectivity, can block ultraviolet rays in the air and enhance the aging resistance property of the back sheet, and can further diffuse infrared rays, so that the temperature of the back sheet is lowered, the heat dissipation effect is good, and the service life of the back sheet is prolonged.

Description

太阳能电池复合背板及其制备方法Solar cell composite back plate and preparation method thereof 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及太阳能电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种太阳能电池复合背板及其制备方法。The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a solar cell composite back plate and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
太阳能光伏组件主要由玻璃盖板、乙烯－醋酸乙烯共聚物(EVA)、电池片、背板、接线盒和边框等组成。由于背板对电池片起支撑和保护作用，且背板作为直接与外界自然环境大面积接触的封装材料，其性能直接决定了光伏组件的发电效率和使用寿命，背板必须具备优异的绝缘性、水汽阻隔性和耐候性等，因此背板性能对太阳能光伏组件的影响十分重要。背板对电池使用寿命，输出功率，安全可靠性起到关键作用。性能较差的太阳能电池背板在普通气候环境下使用8～10年、在特殊环境(高原、海岛、湿地等环境)下使用5～8年，即出现脱层、龟裂、起泡、变黄等不良现象，从而造成电池模块脱落、电池片滑移、电池有效输出功率降低等情况，甚至出现电打弧现象，引起电池组件燃烧并促发火灾，造成人员损害和财产损失。The solar photovoltaic module is mainly composed of a glass cover plate, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), a battery sheet, a back sheet, a junction box and a frame. Because the back plate supports and protects the battery sheet, and the back plate serves as a packaging material that directly contacts the natural environment of the outside world, its performance directly determines the power generation efficiency and service life of the photovoltaic module, and the back plate must have excellent insulation. Water vapor barrier properties and weather resistance, so the impact of backplane performance on solar photovoltaic modules is very important. The backplane plays a key role in battery life, output power, and safety. The solar cell backsheet with poor performance is used for 8 to 10 years in a common climate and 5 to 8 years in a special environment (plateau, island, wetland, etc.), that is, delamination, cracking, foaming, and deformation Yellow and other undesirable phenomena, resulting in battery module falling off, battery slip, battery effective output power reduction, etc., and even electric arcing phenomenon, causing battery components to burn and promote fire, resulting in personnel damage and property damage.
现有的背板主要是以聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)为基板，在其单面或双面复合或涂覆具有功能性的氟材料，从而使背板具有良好阻隔、耐候及绝缘性能，因此，基板外面的含氟材料的性能就显得尤为关键。The existing back sheet is mainly made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as a substrate, and composite or coated with a functional fluorine material on one side or both sides, so that the back sheet has good barrier and weather resistance. And insulation properties, therefore, the performance of the fluorine-containing material outside the substrate is particularly critical.
中国专利201110188877.4公开了一种太阳能电池背板，包括阻气层、耐加工层和若干外覆层，且至少有一层外覆层是由聚酰亚胺与铁氟龙制成的复合膜，所述复合膜可以是由聚酰亚胺膜和铁氟龙膜相贴合所构成，也可以是聚酰亚胺与铁氟龙的共挤出膜，阻气层能够有效阻隔水气，耐加工层适于贴合加工或提供缓冲效果，聚酰亚胺树脂具有耐候性质，可保护阻气层，铁氟龙则可进一步阻绝水气和抗紫外线，但该现有技术的方案制备的太阳能电池背板散热差，抗污能力差，在一定程度了降低了太阳能电池的使用寿命。Chinese Patent No. 201110188877.4 discloses a solar cell backsheet comprising a gas barrier layer, a processing layer and a plurality of outer coating layers, and at least one outer coating layer is a composite film made of polyimide and Teflon. The composite film may be formed by laminating a polyimide film and a Teflon film, or may be a coextruded film of polyimide and Teflon, and the gas barrier layer can effectively block moisture and process. The layer is suitable for lamination processing or provides a buffering effect, the polyimide resin has weather resistance property, can protect the gas barrier layer, and Teflon can further block moisture and ultraviolet rays, but the solar cell prepared by the prior art scheme The back plate has poor heat dissipation and poor anti-pollution ability, which reduces the service life of the solar cell to a certain extent.
中国专利201310719113.2公开了一种太阳能电池背板，包括基层，所述的基层为塑料层，所述的基层两侧的表面分别通过粘合层连接有树脂层，所述的树脂层表面设有保护膜，所述的保护膜包括设置在所述树脂层表面的硅氧化物涂层，所述的硅氧化物涂层表面通过另一层粘合层连接有涂膜层，所述的塑料层 采用聚对苯二甲酸二乙酯，所述的树脂层为聚偏氟乙烯树脂层，所述的粘合层为乙酸乙酯层，所述的涂膜层为聚酰亚胺薄膜层。该现有技术制备的太阳能背板拉伸强度好、水汽透过率高、热收缩率高，但仍然存在着散热差、抗污能力差等问题，这些都会影响太阳能电池的电气性能。Chinese Patent No. 201310719113.2 discloses a solar cell backsheet comprising a base layer, wherein the base layer is a plastic layer, and the surfaces on both sides of the base layer are respectively connected with a resin layer through an adhesive layer, and the surface of the resin layer is protected. a film, the protective film comprising a silicon oxide coating disposed on a surface of the resin layer, the surface of the silicon oxide coating being connected with a coating layer through another adhesive layer, the plastic layer Polyethylene terephthalate is used, the resin layer is a polyvinylidene fluoride resin layer, the adhesive layer is an ethyl acetate layer, and the coating film layer is a polyimide film layer. The solar backing plate prepared by the prior art has good tensile strength, high water vapor transmission rate and high heat shrinkage rate, but there are still problems such as poor heat dissipation and poor anti-fouling ability, which all affect the electrical performance of the solar cell.
可见，开发出一种强度高、水汽阻隔性能好、抗紫外线、散热好、抗污能好的太阳能电池背板，成为一个技术问题。It can be seen that the development of a solar cell backsheet with high strength, good moisture barrier performance, high UV resistance, good heat dissipation and good anti-fouling performance has become a technical problem.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对现有技术中存在的散热差、抗污能力差、抗老化能力不高的问题，本发明提供了一种太阳能电池复合背板。采用本发明的技术方案，可以制备隔绝性能好、抗老化、耐腐蚀的太阳能电池背板。In view of the problems of poor heat dissipation, poor anti-pollution capability, and low anti-aging capability existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a solar cell composite backsheet. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, a solar battery back sheet with good insulation performance, anti-aging and corrosion resistance can be prepared.
本发明的技术方案是：一种太阳能电池复合背板，依次包括第一背板，第二背板、第三背板，第一背板和第二背板之间、第二背板和第三背板之间还具有粘结层，第一背板与太阳能电池的EVA胶膜邻接，其特征在于：所述第一背板为聚偏氟乙烯膜；所述第二背板为聚对苯二甲酸乙二脂膜；所述第三背板为聚碳酸酯-氟化钙-聚偏氟乙烯组成的复合膜。The technical solution of the present invention is: a solar cell composite backplane, which in turn comprises a first backplane, a second backplane, a third backplane, a first backplane and a second backplane, a second backplane and a The third back plate further has an adhesive layer, and the first back plate is adjacent to the EVA film of the solar cell, wherein the first back plate is a polyvinylidene fluoride film; the second back plate is a poly pair The ethylene phthalate film; the third back sheet is a composite film composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride.
进一步，所述第三背板中的氟化钙为纳米氟化钙。Further, the calcium fluoride in the third back sheet is nano-calcium fluoride.
进一步，所述第三背板中的氟化钙为通过六氟环氧丙烷齐聚物型表面活性剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、高分子相容剂改性后的纳米氟化钙。Further, the calcium fluoride in the third back sheet is nano-calcium fluoride modified by a hexafluoropropylene oxide oligomer type surfactant, a titanate coupling agent, and a polymer compatibilizer.
进一步，所述聚碳酸酯包覆在所述型表面活性剂氟化钙的表面，形成以氟化钙为核、聚碳酸酯为壳的结构。Further, the polycarbonate is coated on the surface of the type of surfactant calcium fluoride to form a structure in which calcium fluoride is used as a core and polycarbonate is used as a shell.
进一步，作为本发明一种可选的实施方式，所述第一背板也可以用聚碳酸酯-氟化钙-聚偏氟乙烯组成的复合膜来替代聚偏氟乙烯膜。Further, as an optional embodiment of the present invention, the first back sheet may also be replaced by a composite film composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride.
进一步，作为本发明一种可选的实施方式，所述的太阳能电池复合背板中，也可以用聚偏二氟乙烯膜替代聚偏氟乙烯膜。Further, as an alternative embodiment of the present invention, in the solar cell composite backsheet, a polyvinylidene fluoride film may be used instead of the polyvinylidene fluoride film.
本发明还公开了该太阳能电池复合背板的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：The invention also discloses a preparation method of the solar cell composite backboard, which comprises the following steps:
1)氟化钙改性：将纳米氟化钙在110℃干燥30min，然后放入盛有甲苯溶剂的容器中，超声分散20min后，加入钛酸酯偶联剂，在在100℃的水浴中保持3 小时，自然降温，抽滤，干燥，将产物置于干燥器中备用；1) Calcium fluoride modification: The nano-calcium fluoride was dried at 110 ° C for 30 min, then placed in a container containing toluene solvent, ultrasonically dispersed for 20 min, and then added with a titanate coupling agent in a water bath at 100 ° C. Keep 3 Hours, naturally cool down, suction filtration, drying, and place the product in a desiccator for use;
2)制备氟化钙-聚碳酸酯复合粒子：将改性后的氟化钙加入去离子水、丙烯酸高分子相容剂、六氟环氧丙烷齐聚物型表面活性剂，在常温下搅拌30min，使共聚物分散均匀，升温至60℃，再匀速滴加聚碳酸酯单体，同时用机械搅拌引发聚合反应。反应结束后，自然降温至30℃，分离出产物，然后在恒温干燥箱中于50℃干燥4h，即制得氟化钙-聚碳酸酯复合粒子；2) Preparation of calcium fluoride-polycarbonate composite particles: adding modified calcium fluoride to deionized water, acrylic polymer compatibilizer, hexafluoropropylene oxide oligomer type surfactant, stirring at normal temperature After 30 min, the copolymer was uniformly dispersed, heated to 60 ° C, and the polycarbonate monomer was added dropwise at a constant rate while the polymerization was initiated by mechanical stirring. After the reaction is completed, the temperature is naturally lowered to 30 ° C, and the product is separated, and then dried at 50 ° C for 4 h in a constant temperature drying oven to obtain calcium fluoride-polycarbonate composite particles;
3)制备聚碳酸酯-氟化钙-聚偏氟乙烯组成的复合膜：将制备氟化钙-聚碳酸酯复合粒子和聚偏氟乙烯粒料以重量比0.5～1：9.5～9的比例放入高速粉碎机中，均匀混合，然后将混料放入双螺杆挤出机中挤出，流延成膜；所述双螺杆挤出机中螺杆各段温度从进料口到出口孔共设置6个温度区间，依次是：165℃、180℃、190℃、190℃、185℃、170℃；3) preparing a composite film composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride: preparing calcium fluoride-polycarbonate composite particles and polyvinylidene fluoride pellets in a weight ratio of 0.5 to 1:9.5 to 9 Put into a high-speed pulverizer, mix uniformly, and then put the mixture into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion and casting into a film; the temperature of each section of the screw in the twin-screw extruder is from the feed port to the outlet hole. Set 6 temperature intervals, which are: 165 ° C, 180 ° C, 190 ° C, 190 ° C, 185 ° C, 170 ° C;
4)制备太阳能电池复合背板：在第二背板的两面涂覆粘结层后，然后将第一背板、第二背板和第三背板通过热压粘合固化后，即制得太阳能电池复合背板。4) preparing a solar cell composite back sheet: after applying a bonding layer on both sides of the second back sheet, and then curing the first back sheet, the second back sheet and the third back sheet by thermocompression bonding, Solar cell composite backplane.
其中，among them,
步骤1)中，所述钛酸酯偶联剂的加入量占纳米氟化钙重量的0.2-0.8％。In the step 1), the titanate coupling agent is added in an amount of 0.2-0.8% by weight based on the weight of the nano-calcium fluoride.
步骤2)中，所述丙烯酸高分子相容剂占纳米氟化钙重量的1.5-2.8％，优选为2.0％；所述六氟环氧丙烷齐聚物型表面活性剂占纳米氟化钙重量的0.3-1.2％，优选为0.6％；所述氟化钙占聚碳酸酯单体的总重量的为3-6％，优选为5％。In step 2), the acrylic polymer compatibilizer accounts for 1.5-2.8%, preferably 2.0% by weight of the nano-calcium fluoride; the hexafluoropropylene oxide oligomer-type surfactant accounts for the weight of the nano-calcium fluoride. 0.3-1.2%, preferably 0.6%; the calcium fluoride is 3-6%, preferably 5%, based on the total weight of the polycarbonate monomer.
步骤3)中，所述聚碳酸酯-氟化钙-聚偏氟乙烯组成的复合膜流延成膜的厚度为20-45μm，优选为30μm。In the step 3), the composite film composed of the polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride is cast into a film having a thickness of 20 to 45 μm, preferably 30 μm.
步骤4)中第一背板、第三背板的厚度为30μ；所述第二背板的厚度为200-300μm，进一步优选为250μm；所述粘结层为醋酸乙烯脂共聚物，厚度为8-12μm。The thickness of the first back sheet and the third back sheet in step 4) is 30 μ; the thickness of the second back sheet is 200-300 μm, further preferably 250 μm; the adhesive layer is a vinyl acetate copolymer, and the thickness is 8-12 μm.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)本发明提供的太阳能电池复合背板，第三背板采用聚碳酸酯-氟化钙-聚偏氟乙烯组成的复合膜，制得的太阳能复合背板具有更好的力学性能和更高的使用温度，而且具有较强的抗污能力，提升了背板的使用寿命。(1) The solar cell composite backsheet provided by the invention, the third backsheet adopts a composite film composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride, and the prepared solar composite backsheet has better mechanical properties and more. High operating temperature and strong anti-fouling ability, which improves the service life of the backboard.
(2)采用本发明的技术方案制备的太阳能电池背板，抗水汽侵蚀能力强、不 仅能耐高温而且也耐低温、耐腐蚀性能强。(2) The solar cell backsheet prepared by the technical scheme of the invention has strong resistance to water vapor erosion and does not It can only withstand high temperatures and is also resistant to low temperatures and corrosion.
(3)采用本发明的技术方案制备的太阳能电池背板，反射阳光能力强，可以阻挡空气中的紫外线，增强了背板的抗老化性能，而且还可以散射红外线，降低了背板的温度，散热效果好，延长了背板的使用寿命。(3) The solar cell backsheet prepared by the technical scheme of the invention has strong ability of reflecting sunlight, can block ultraviolet rays in the air, enhances the anti-aging property of the backboard, and can also scatter infrared rays and reduce the temperature of the backboard. The heat dissipation effect is good, which extends the service life of the backboard.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1是本发明提供的太阳能电池复合背板结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural view of a solar cell composite back sheet provided by the present invention;
图中附图标记说明：第一背板1、第二背板2、第三背板3。Reference numerals in the figures illustrate: a first backing plate 1, a second backing plate 2, and a third backing plate 3.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图和实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示，一种太阳能电池复合背板，依次包括第一背板1，第二背板2、第三背板3，第一背板1和第二背板2之间、第二背板2和第三背板3之间还具有粘结层4，第一背板1与太阳能电池的EVA胶膜邻接。而且，第一背板1为聚偏氟乙烯膜；第二背板2为聚对苯二甲酸乙二脂膜；第三背板3为聚碳酸酯-氟化钙-聚偏氟乙烯组成的复合膜。As shown in FIG. 1 , a solar cell composite backplane includes a first backplane 1 , a second backplane 2 , a third backplane 3 , a first backplane 1 and a second backplane 2 , and a second There is also an adhesive layer 4 between the back sheet 2 and the third back sheet 3, and the first back sheet 1 is adjacent to the EVA film of the solar cell. Moreover, the first back sheet 1 is a polyvinylidene fluoride film; the second back sheet 2 is a polyethylene terephthalate film; and the third back sheet 3 is composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride. Composite film.
此外，所述第三背板3中的氟化钙为纳米氟化钙。该氟化钙为通过六氟环氧丙烷齐聚物型表面活性剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、高分子相容剂改性后的纳米氟化钙。聚碳酸酯包覆在所述型表面活性剂氟化钙的表面，形成以氟化钙为核、聚碳酸酯为壳的结构。Further, the calcium fluoride in the third back sheet 3 is nano-calcium fluoride. The calcium fluoride is a nano-calcium fluoride modified by a hexafluoropropylene oxide oligomer type surfactant, a titanate coupling agent, or a polymer compatibilizer. The polycarbonate is coated on the surface of the type of surfactant calcium fluoride to form a structure in which calcium fluoride is used as a core and polycarbonate is used as a shell.
本发明提供的太阳能电池复合背板，第三背板采用聚碳酸酯-氟化钙-聚偏氟乙烯组成的复合膜，制得的太阳能复合背板具有更好的力学性能和更高的使用温度，而且具有较强的抗污能力，提升了背板的使用寿命。The solar cell composite backsheet provided by the invention adopts a composite film composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride, and the prepared solar composite backsheet has better mechanical properties and higher use. Temperature, and has a strong anti-fouling ability, which improves the service life of the backboard.
实施例2Example 2
参考图1，一种太阳能电池复合背板，依次包括第一背板1，第二背板2、第三背板3，第一背板1和第二背板2之间、第二背板2和第三背板3之间还具有粘结层4，第一背板1与太阳能电池的EVA胶膜邻接。而且，第二背板2为聚对苯二甲酸乙二脂膜；第一背板1和第三背板3均为聚碳酸酯-氟化钙-聚偏氟乙烯组成的复合膜， Referring to FIG. 1, a solar cell composite backplane includes a first backplane 1, a second backplane 2, a third backplane 3, a first backplane 1 and a second backplane 2, and a second backplane. There is also an adhesive layer 4 between the 2 and the third backsheet 3, and the first backsheet 1 is adjacent to the EVA film of the solar cell. Moreover, the second back sheet 2 is a polyethylene terephthalate film; the first back sheet 1 and the third back sheet 3 are both composite films composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride.
此外，所述第一、三背板3中的氟化钙为纳米氟化钙。该氟化钙为通过六氟环氧丙烷齐聚物型表面活性剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、高分子相容剂改性后的纳米氟化钙。Further, the calcium fluoride in the first and third back sheets 3 is nano-calcium fluoride. The calcium fluoride is a nano-calcium fluoride modified by a hexafluoropropylene oxide oligomer type surfactant, a titanate coupling agent, or a polymer compatibilizer.
本发明制备的太阳能电池背板，抗水汽侵蚀能力强、不仅能耐高温而且也耐低温、耐腐蚀性能强。The solar battery back sheet prepared by the invention has strong resistance to water vapor erosion, high temperature resistance and low temperature resistance and corrosion resistance.
实施例3Example 3
参考图1，一种太阳能电池复合背板，依次包括第一背板1，第二背板2、第三背板3，第一背板1和第二背板2之间、第二背板2和第三背板3之间还具有粘结层4，第一背板1与太阳能电池的EVA胶膜邻接。而且，第一背板1为聚偏二氟乙烯膜；第二背板2为聚对苯二甲酸乙二脂膜；第三背板3为聚碳酸酯-氟化钙-聚偏二氟乙烯组成的复合膜。Referring to FIG. 1, a solar cell composite backplane includes a first backplane 1, a second backplane 2, a third backplane 3, a first backplane 1 and a second backplane 2, and a second backplane. There is also an adhesive layer 4 between the 2 and the third backsheet 3, and the first backsheet 1 is adjacent to the EVA film of the solar cell. Moreover, the first back sheet 1 is a polyvinylidene fluoride film; the second back sheet 2 is a polyethylene terephthalate film; and the third back sheet 3 is a polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride film. A composite film composed of.
此外，所述第三背板3中的氟化钙为纳米氟化钙。该氟化钙为通过六氟环氧丙烷齐聚物型表面活性剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、高分子相容剂改性后的纳米氟化钙。Further, the calcium fluoride in the third back sheet 3 is nano-calcium fluoride. The calcium fluoride is a nano-calcium fluoride modified by a hexafluoropropylene oxide oligomer type surfactant, a titanate coupling agent, or a polymer compatibilizer.
实施例4Example 4
一种太阳能电池复合背板的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a solar cell composite backboard, comprising: the following steps:
1)氟化钙改性：将纳米氟化钙在110℃干燥30min，然后放入盛有甲苯溶剂的容器中，超声分散20min后，加入钛酸酯偶联剂(重量占纳米氟化钙重量的0.5％)，在在100℃的水浴中保持3小时，自然降温，抽滤，干燥，将产物置于干燥器中备用；1) Calcium fluoride modification: The nano-calcium fluoride is dried at 110 ° C for 30 min, then placed in a container containing toluene solvent, and after ultrasonic dispersion for 20 min, a titanate coupling agent is added (the weight accounts for the weight of the nano-calcium fluoride) 0.5%), kept in a water bath at 100 ° C for 3 hours, naturally cooled, suction filtered, dried, placed in a desiccator for use;
2)制备氟化钙-聚碳酸酯复合粒子：将改性后的氟化钙加入去离子水、丙烯酸高分子相容剂(占纳米氟化钙重量的2.0％)、六氟环氧丙烷齐聚物型表面活性剂(占纳米氟化钙重量的0.6％)，在常温下搅拌30min，使共聚物分散均匀，升温至60℃，再匀速滴加聚碳酸酯单体(氟化钙占聚碳酸酯单体的总重量的为5％)，同时用机械搅拌引发聚合反应，反应结束后，自然降温至30℃，分离出产物，然后在恒温干燥箱中于50℃干燥4h，即制得氟化钙-聚碳酸酯复合粒子；2) Preparation of calcium fluoride-polycarbonate composite particles: adding modified calcium fluoride to deionized water, acrylic polymer compatibilizer (2.0% by weight of nano-calcium fluoride), hexafluoropropylene oxide Polymeric surfactant (0.6% by weight of nano-calcium fluoride), stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, the copolymer is evenly dispersed, heated to 60 ° C, and then uniformly added with a polycarbonate monomer (calcium fluoride The total weight of the carbonate monomer is 5%), and the polymerization reaction is initiated by mechanical stirring. After the reaction is finished, the temperature is naturally lowered to 30 ° C, and the product is separated, and then dried in a constant temperature drying oven at 50 ° C for 4 hours. Calcium fluoride-polycarbonate composite particles;
3)制备聚碳酸酯-氟化钙-聚偏氟乙烯组成的复合膜：将制备氟化钙-聚碳酸酯复合粒子和聚偏氟乙烯粒料以重量比0.5～1：9.5～9的比例放入高速粉碎机中，均匀混合，然后将混料放入双螺杆挤出机中挤出，流延成膜，膜厚为30μm；双螺杆挤出机中螺杆各段温度从进料口到出口孔共设置6个温度区间，依次是： 165℃、180℃、190℃、190℃、185℃、170℃；3) preparing a composite film composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride: preparing calcium fluoride-polycarbonate composite particles and polyvinylidene fluoride pellets in a weight ratio of 0.5 to 1:9.5 to 9 Put it into a high-speed pulverizer, mix it evenly, then put the mixture into a twin-screw extruder and extrude it into a film with a film thickness of 30 μm. The temperature of each section of the screw in the twin-screw extruder is from the feed port to the feed port. There are 6 temperature intervals in the exit hole, which are: 165 ° C, 180 ° C, 190 ° C, 190 ° C, 185 ° C, 170 ° C;
4)制备太阳能电池复合背板：在第二背板的两面涂覆粘结层醋酸乙烯脂共聚物后，然后将第一背板、第二背板和第三背板通过热压粘合固化后，即制得太阳能电池复合背板，其中第一背板、第二背板和第三背板的厚度依次是30μm、250μm、30μm；粘结层厚度为10μm。4) preparing a solar cell composite back sheet: after applying a bonding layer vinyl acetate copolymer on both sides of the second back sheet, then curing the first back sheet, the second back sheet and the third back sheet by thermocompression bonding Thereafter, a solar cell composite backsheet was prepared, wherein the thicknesses of the first backsheet, the second backsheet, and the third backsheet were 30 μm, 250 μm, and 30 μm, respectively; and the thickness of the adhesive layer was 10 μm.
采用本发明的技术方案制备的太阳能电池背板，反射阳光能力强，可以阻挡空气中的紫外线，增强了背板的抗老化性能，而且还可以散射红外线，降低了背板的温度，散热效果好，延长了背板的使用寿命。The solar battery back plate prepared by the technical scheme of the invention has strong ability of reflecting sunlight, can block ultraviolet rays in the air, enhances the anti-aging performance of the back plate, and can also scatter infrared rays, reduce the temperature of the back plate, and has good heat dissipation effect. , extending the life of the backboard.
上述说明示出并描述了本发明的优选实施例，如前所述，应当理解本发明并非局限于本文所披露的形式，不应看作是对其他实施例的排除，而可用于各种其他组合、修改和环境，并能够在本文所述发明构想范围内，通过上述教导或相关领域的技术或知识进行改动。而本领域人员所进行的改动和变化不脱离本发明的精神和范围，则都应在本发明所附权利要求的保护范围内。 The above description shows and describes a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As described above, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be construed as being Combinations, modifications, and environments are possible, and can be modified by the teachings of the above teachings or related art within the scope of the inventive concept described herein. All changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种太阳能电池复合背板，依次包括第一背板(1)，第二背板(2)、第三背板(3)，第一背板(1)和第二背板(2)之间、第二背板(2)和第三背板(3)之间还具有粘结层(4)，第一背板(1)与太阳能电池的EVA胶膜邻接，其特征在于：所述第一背板(1)为聚偏氟乙烯膜；所述第二背板(2)为聚对苯二甲酸乙二脂膜；所述第三背板(3)为聚碳酸酯-氟化钙-聚偏氟乙烯组成的复合膜。A solar cell composite backboard, which in turn comprises a first backing plate (1), a second backing plate (2), a third backing plate (3), a first backing plate (1) and a second backing plate (2) There is also an adhesive layer (4) between the second back plate (2) and the third back plate (3), and the first back plate (1) is adjacent to the EVA film of the solar cell, and is characterized in that: The first back sheet (1) is a polyvinylidene fluoride film; the second back sheet (2) is a polyethylene terephthalate film; and the third back sheet (3) is polycarbonate-fluorinated A composite film composed of calcium-polyvinylidene fluoride.
  2. 根据权利要求要求1所述的太阳能电池复合背板，其特征在在于：所述第三背板(3)中的氟化钙为纳米氟化钙。The solar cell composite backsheet according to claim 1, wherein the calcium fluoride in the third backsheet (3) is nano-calcium fluoride.
  3. 根据权利要求要求2所述的太阳能电池复合背板，其特征在于：所述第三背板(3)中的氟化钙为通过六氟环氧丙烷齐聚物型表面活性剂、钛酸酯偶联剂、高分子相容剂改性后的纳米氟化钙。The solar cell composite backsheet according to claim 2, wherein the calcium fluoride in the third backsheet (3) is a hexafluoropropylene oxide oligomer type surfactant, titanate Nano-fluoride fluoride modified by a coupling agent or a polymer compatibilizer.
  4. 根据权利要求要求3所述的太阳能电池复合背板，其特征在于：所述聚碳酸酯包覆在所述型表面活性剂氟化钙的表面，形成以氟化钙为核、聚碳酸酯为壳的结构。The solar cell composite backsheet according to claim 3, wherein the polycarbonate is coated on the surface of the type of surfactant calcium fluoride to form calcium fluoride as a core and polycarbonate as The structure of the shell.
  5. 根据权利要求要求1所述的太阳能电池复合背板，其特征在于：所述第一背板(1)用聚碳酸酯-氟化钙-聚偏氟乙烯组成的复合膜来替代聚偏氟乙烯膜。The composite solar cell composite back sheet according to claim 1, wherein the first back sheet (1) is replaced by a composite film of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride instead of polyvinylidene fluoride. membrane.
  6. 根据权利要求要求1所述的太阳能电池复合背板，其特征在于：用聚偏二氟乙烯膜替代聚偏氟乙烯膜。The solar cell composite backsheet according to claim 1, wherein the polyvinylidene fluoride film is replaced with a polyvinylidene fluoride film.
  7. 一种太阳能电池复合背板的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：A method for preparing a solar cell composite backboard, comprising: the following steps:
    1)氟化钙改性：将纳米氟化钙在110℃干燥30min，然后放入盛有甲苯溶剂的容器中，超声分散20min后，加入钛酸酯偶联剂，在在100℃的水浴中保持3小时，自然降温，抽滤，干燥，将产物置于干燥器中备用；1) Calcium fluoride modification: The nano-calcium fluoride was dried at 110 ° C for 30 min, then placed in a container containing toluene solvent, ultrasonically dispersed for 20 min, and then added with a titanate coupling agent in a water bath at 100 ° C. Maintained for 3 hours, naturally cooled, suction filtered, dried, and placed in a desiccator for use;
    2)制备氟化钙-聚碳酸酯复合粒子：将改性后的氟化钙加入去离子水、丙烯酸高分子相容剂、六氟环氧丙烷齐聚物型表面活性剂，在常温下搅拌30min，使共聚物分散均匀，升温至60℃，再匀速滴加聚碳酸酯单体，同时用机械搅拌引发聚合反应，反应结束后，自然降温至30℃，分离出产物，然后在恒温干燥箱中于50℃干燥4h，即制得氟化钙-聚碳酸酯复合粒子；2) Preparation of calcium fluoride-polycarbonate composite particles: adding modified calcium fluoride to deionized water, acrylic polymer compatibilizer, hexafluoropropylene oxide oligomer type surfactant, stirring at normal temperature After 30 min, the copolymer was uniformly dispersed, heated to 60 ° C, and the polycarbonate monomer was added dropwise at a constant rate, and the polymerization reaction was initiated by mechanical stirring. After the reaction was finished, the temperature was naturally lowered to 30 ° C, and the product was separated, and then dried in a constant temperature oven. Drying at 50 ° C for 4 h, to obtain calcium fluoride-polycarbonate composite particles;
    3)制备聚碳酸酯-氟化钙-聚偏氟乙烯组成的复合膜：将制备氟化钙-聚碳酸酯复合粒子和聚偏氟乙烯粒料以重量比为0.5～1：9.5～9的比例放入高速粉碎 机中，均匀混合，然后将混料放入双螺杆挤出机中挤出，流延成膜；3) preparing a composite film composed of polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride: preparing calcium fluoride-polycarbonate composite particles and polyvinylidene fluoride pellets in a weight ratio of 0.5 to 1:9.5 to 9 Proportion into high speed crushing In the machine, uniformly mix, and then the mixture is placed in a twin-screw extruder for extrusion and casting into a film;
    4)制备太阳能电池复合背板：在第二背板(2)的两面涂覆粘结层(4)后，然后将第一背板(1)、第二背板(2)和第三背板(3)通过热压粘合固化后，即制得太阳能电池复合背板。4) Preparing a solar cell composite back sheet: after applying the adhesive layer (4) on both sides of the second back sheet (2), then the first back sheet (1), the second back sheet (2) and the third back After the board (3) is cured by thermocompression bonding, a solar cell composite back sheet is obtained.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的太阳能电池复合背板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤3)中，所述聚碳酸酯-氟化钙-聚偏氟乙烯组成的复合膜流延成膜的厚度为20-45μm。The method for preparing a solar cell composite backsheet according to claim 7, wherein in the step 3), the composite film composed of the polycarbonate-calcium fluoride-polyvinylidene fluoride is cast into a film. The thickness is 20-45 μm.
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的太阳能电池复合背板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤4)中第一背板(1)、第三背板(3)的厚度为30μ，所述第二背板(2)的厚度为200-300μm。The method for preparing a solar cell composite backsheet according to claim 7, wherein in the step 4), the first back plate (1) and the third back plate (3) have a thickness of 30 μ, and the second The thickness of the back sheet (2) is 200-300 μm.
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的太阳能电池复合背板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述粘结层(4)为醋酸乙烯脂共聚物，厚度为8-12μm。 The method for preparing a solar cell composite back sheet according to claim 7, wherein the adhesive layer (4) is a vinyl acetate copolymer having a thickness of 8 to 12 μm.
PCT/CN2015/093266 2015-08-26 2015-10-29 Composite back sheet for solar cell and preparation method therefor WO2017031827A1 (en)

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