WO2017028829A1 - Dispositif d'introduction d'un gaz ou d'un mélange de gaz ou d'un liquide dans un milieu entourant le dispositif - Google Patents

Dispositif d'introduction d'un gaz ou d'un mélange de gaz ou d'un liquide dans un milieu entourant le dispositif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017028829A1
WO2017028829A1 PCT/DE2016/000130 DE2016000130W WO2017028829A1 WO 2017028829 A1 WO2017028829 A1 WO 2017028829A1 DE 2016000130 W DE2016000130 W DE 2016000130W WO 2017028829 A1 WO2017028829 A1 WO 2017028829A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
pressure chamber
outlet
cover
liquid
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2016/000130
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Stachowske
Original Assignee
Martin Stachowske
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Martin Stachowske filed Critical Martin Stachowske
Priority to DE112016003755.4T priority Critical patent/DE112016003755A5/de
Publication of WO2017028829A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017028829A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23123—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material
    • B01F23/231231—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material the outlets being in the form of perforations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2311—Mounting the bubbling devices or the diffusers
    • B01F23/23116—Means for manipulating the bubbling constructions or elements, e.g. for raising or lowering them
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23121—Diffusers having injection means, e.g. nozzles with circumferential outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23123—Diffusers consisting of rigid porous or perforated material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids by bubbling
    • B01F23/23105—Arrangement or manipulation of the gas bubbling devices
    • B01F23/2312—Diffusers
    • B01F23/23126—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element
    • B01F23/231264—Diffusers characterised by the shape of the diffuser element being in the form of plates, flat beams, flat membranes or films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0418—Geometrical information
    • B01F2215/0431—Numerical size values, e.g. diameter of a hole or conduit, area, volume, length, width, or ratios thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
    • Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy

Definitions

  • Device for introducing a gas or gas mixture or a liquid into a medium surrounding the device.
  • the invention relates to a device for introducing a gas or a gas mixture or a liquid into a medium surrounding the device.
  • working fluid is used for the media gas, gas mixture and liquid.
  • Such devices are known as membrane aerators, ceramic aerators, diffusers, horizontal perforated plate, sprinklers or atomizers.
  • a working fluid into a medium surrounding the device.
  • These may be the input of gases or gas mixtures in wastewater to supply microorganisms for their metabolism with dissolved oxygen in the water or the entry into wastewater for destructive reaction with non-biodegradable but the ecosystems polluting wastewater ingredients such as drug residues, the entry of gases or gas mixtures in Fish tanks and fish ponds to supply the fish with oxygen, the discharge of a gas from a liquid such as the stripping of C0 2 from raw water prior to introduction into a distribution network for drinking water, the removal of deposits by permanent overflowing with small air bubbles from surfaces such as ship hulls or membrane surfaces in membrane bioreactors, the atomization of a liquid in the vicinity of an outlet opening to Ü over-saturation of the outlet opening surrounding Gas with the aim of reducing components of the gas surrounding the outlet opening, for example in fire fighting, the mixing of two liquids of similar or different densities and viscosities.
  • the entry of a working fluid into a medium surrounding the device is a mechanical process. Only after entry of the working fluid to begin the desired processes, such as the separation of deposits, the biological processes for the degradation of wastewater constituents, the chemical reactions with wastewater constituents or in a reactor, the mixing of various substances.
  • the efficiency of the introduction of a working fluid is decisively determined by the contact surface of the working fluid with the surrounding medium and likewise by the contact time of the working fluid in the surrounding medium.
  • Microorganisms in wastewater can only pick up dissolved ingredients through their cell membrane and process them in the cell. You can thus absorb and process dissolved oxygen only in the wastewater. If ambient air is introduced into wastewater for the supply of microorganisms, consideration must be given to that about 79% of the volume of the atmospheric air is introduced as nitrogen N 2 with the air in a reactor, although this 79% -tige portion is not recyclable for the biological processes. It becomes clear here that with every fraction of the oxygen present in the atmospheric air 0 2 , which is introduced into a reactor and thereby not utilized biologically, 79% of the energy used for promoting this share of the registered air in the volume flow was not utilized. The same applies to the entry of atmospheric air into fish ponds or fish tanks or into natural and artificial waters.
  • the reason for the unused throughput of the two gases mentioned can be on the one hand too few wastewater ingredients or reactants either for biological or chemical reactions, on the other hand too small contact area or too short contact time or equally too small contact area and too short Contact time or a safety margin with the aim of always provided in sufficient quantities gases or ultimately also the lack of possibility of the controlled introduction of minimum amounts of the aforementioned two registered gases with the liquid surrounding the device.
  • diffusers In order to enter as completely as possible into a liquid such as waste water the oxygen energetically produced oxygen O 2 by separation from the air and ozone 0 3 , diffusers are used.
  • the water In diffusers, the water is conveyed into a pipe which widens at its end and the gas is introduced into the waste water at the point at which the cross section begins to expand. Due to the diffuser effect, the gas is distributed in the area of solubility in the water and thus reaches a high contact surface of recorded grass and surrounding wastewater.
  • a medium surrounding the device can be enriched with a liquid in such a way that the gas in the medium becomes supersaturated with the introduced liquid and thereby Reactions of the originally unsaturated gas due to the supersaturation can be restricted or hindered. This may occur, for example, when atmospheric air, in which nuclei are absent, becomes supersaturated with water vapor, and as a result the water does not rain out, and thus the proportionate oxygen due to this water vapor is no longer sufficient for maintenance sufficient fire, so by the supersaturation with water vapor, a fire can be contained.
  • a working fluid is introduced into a liquid in such a way that it from a partial surface, which is arranged as a horizontal plane at the bottom of the vessel and forms a Begaser, enters the liquid and rises in the liquid, forms the mixture of liquid and registered Working fluid a column above the Begaser arrangement.
  • Membrane aerators are designed as elongated plate aerators, as disk aerators or as pipe aerators. Plate and sectionerbelillustern has in common that the rubber or silicone membrane is rigidly attached to the side edges with the bottom of the aerator and when exposed to a gas or gas mixture through the usually arranged in the center of the bottom of the aerator inlet port design, the membrane only between the fasteners on the edge and the center of the membrane can lift so that the slots introduced in the membrane for the escape of the gas or gas mixture from the membrane or from the aerator can open so that the gas or gas mixture get into the fluid above it can.
  • the rigid attachment of the membrane at the edges results in a circular curvature of the membrane as the gas or gas mixture exits either the longitudinal axis of the plate aerator or above the center of the plate aerator and, accordingly, a slope from the central axis of the inflated diaphragm of the plate aerator to its edges from the center of the above-average point of the plate ventilator inflated membrane toward its edges.
  • the difference in height between the center axis of the inflated membrane above the plate aerator and its edges between the center of the inflated membrane above the disc ventilator and its edges is the distance between the individual points of the surface of a distended membrane and the level of the water level hydrostatic pressure between the individual points of the surface of a bloated membrane and the water level layer different.
  • These differences in hydrostatic pressure cause the apertures of the inflated membranes to be on different horizontal planes and the bubbles of a gas or gas mixture emerging on their respective horizontal planes of apertures form a different bubble diameter due to the hydrostatic pressure attributable to that particular horizontal plane due to the relationship between the volume of a gas bubble and its buoyancy leads to different buoyancy rates and thus different contact times of the gas bubbles of the respective horizontal exit plane.
  • the effect of the different horizontal planes of the outlet openings also occurs due to the design.
  • WO 2007/135087 A1 discloses a gassing device for a water filtration system with a submerged membrane and a pressure equalization system.
  • the device is equipped with ventilation tubes for the gas rising upwards, whose outlet opening is provided with a spaced-apart hood.
  • CH 461 389 A describes a device for aeration of wastewater, which has a covered with a perforated plastic film air supply.
  • KR-B-101246835 discloses an apparatus for introducing a gas or gas mixture into a liquid. It comprises a pressure chamber with a media supply line for supplying the gas into the pressure chamber and has a stamped horizontally arranged plate with a plurality of through holes for the gas outlet.
  • the term perforated plate refers to the DIN 4185-2 and DIN 24041.
  • a perforated plate according to DIN denotes a plate (sheet, plate, etc.), which receives by punching, perforating or drilling similar openings (holes) in a regular arrangement.
  • the working fluid conveyed from the known aerators, in particular the gas is rapidly eliminated from the liquid surrounding the aerators, whereby the contact time of the gas with the liquid is only very short.
  • the larger the gas bubbles are the more volume of the gas or gas mixture from the aerators must be promoted to the target with the gas or gas mixture desired goal of the transition of the required amount of gases or gas mixtures in the surrounding liquid achieve or distribute a maximum of the volume flow promoted by the aerator as finely as possible in the liquid.
  • perforated plates with openings with large diameters have the peculiarity that, at a lower volume flow, a gas or gas mixture introduced below the perforated plate escapes primarily from the apertures or holes closest to the inlet opening in the perforated plate, while introduced at a lower one Amount of a gas or gas mixture from the openings or holes further away from the inlet opening, no gas or gas can emerge mixed from the perforated plate.
  • DE 10 2012 108 572 A1 proposes to provide the cover plate of the pressure chamber with cannulas as an outlet element for the gas, wherein the gas outlet opening of the cannula an inclination up to 89 ° relative to the horizontal plane and may have a smooth, concave or convex surface.
  • the cover of the pressure chamber is formed as a molded body with triangular and / or convex and / or concave shaped mold elements and are provided in these or between these the outlet elements for the gas outlet in channel form.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages at least partially.
  • a gas or gas mixture should be introduced in the form of small gas bubbles in a fluid surrounding the device so that the fine gas bubbles do not combine in the fumigation to larger gas bubbles and, if necessary, a micro-gassing is possible. or when introducing a liquid, this is to be distributed or atomized so that the formation of larger drops of water is avoided
  • the object is achieved by a device for introducing a gas or a gas mixture or a liquid into a medium surrounding the device, comprising at least one base element designed as a pressure chamber with at least one connection element, for the fluid-tight coupling of the device to a media line for supplying the fluid is designed in the device, the pressure chamber has at least one cover with more than one outlet and the cover is formed as a plate, as a shaped body or as at least one triangular shaped element, wherein the outlet of the formed as a plate or molded cover member or of a plate deformed cover member having a diameter ⁇ 100 ⁇
  • the outlet elements of the triangular shaped element have a fürmresser ⁇ 100 pm or in their cross-sectional area variable outlet openings and so without additional means, such as a rubber membrane, the gas, gas mixture or the liquid in the pressure chamber at a standstill of the device from the surrounding medium separable and during operation of the device, the entry of the gas, gas mixture or the liquid from the pressure chamber through the outlet elements into the medium is possible.
  • the device according to the invention combines the particular advantage that the simultaneous exit of a non-coalescing gas or gas mixture is given from all outlet elements, since the cover is structurally designed so that when introducing a gas or gas mixture into the pressure chamber, all points of the underside of the cover also in building a pressure required to overcome the hydrostatic pressure of the escaping gas bubbles remain in the horizontal plane that they had before introducing a gas or a gas mixture. Maintaining the horizontal plane of the cover element even when a gas or gas mixture is introduced into the pressure chamber and when the outlet elements flow through the introduced gas or gas mixture ensures an equal proportional distribution of the volume flow of the introduced gas or gas. mix the number of outlet elements and thus an equal volume of each gas bubble exiting from each outlet element and thus a same buoyancy of each gas bubble and also a same rate of rise in and a same contact time of each gas bubble with the surrounding fluid.
  • the cover element at hole sizes ⁇ 100 ⁇ equally exerts a separating function between the pressure chamber and the surrounding medium of the device and a connecting function between the pressure chamber and the surrounding medium of the device.
  • the unit of separating and connecting function distinguishes the device according to the invention substantially from perforated plates of conventional type. At diameters below. 100 ⁇ penetrates into a filled with a gas or gas mixture pressure chamber with a pressure equal to the hydrostatic pressure above the cover no surrounding medium device through the openings of the outlet elements in the pressure chamber.
  • the present invention enables in a relatively simple manner energy-saving the quantitative entry of a gas or mixture and also a liquid into a medium at exactly each time, because it is known which volume flow flows in which unit of time through an outlet element per se and through the entirety of all outlet elements and with what diameter the gas bubble forms over the single outlet element and at which buoyancy rate each individual gas bubble stays in a fluid for as long as it does.
  • a volume flow of a gas or a gas mixture or a liquid can be detected in a time unit in which the volume flow from the pressure chamber through an outlet member or the entirety of all outlet elements flows and above each outlet element to a gas bubble or to a number of outlet elements corresponding number of gas bubbles and the diameter, a gas bubble at the time of completion of the formation of the gas bubble or the gas bubbles and their separation from the surface of the outlet element or the outlet elements can be measured, and thus the diameter of the totality of all effluent from all outlet elements gas bubbles known is the entry of a gas or a mixture in a fluid can be controlled time and quantity dependent.
  • the surface of the gas bubbles or the surface of the droplets is optimized based on the discharged from the device working fluid and their coalescing is negligibly limited.
  • the base element has a planar surface which is arranged in such a way to a flat underside of the cover element, that the pressure chamber is at least partially formed between the planar surface of the base element and the planar underside of the cover element,
  • At least one contactable with the planar surface of the base element and with the flat underside of the cover element either elastic or gas-tight welded seal between the base element and the cover is arranged, wherein the seal surrounds the pressure chamber.
  • At least one inlet opening is formed in the base element, via which the working fluid supplied via the media line can be introduced into the pressure chamber.
  • At least one arranged in the base element Channel with outlet openings a uniform pressure of the gas, gas mixture or the liquid in the pressure chamber is buildable.
  • the inlet opening is fluid-tightly connected to the connection element for the media line or the inlet opening and the connection element are connected to one another via a line and / or a channel.
  • the channel is configured orthogonally and / or parallel to the planar surface of the base element in the base element and / or the inlet opening, the connection element and the channel form a common component, in particular the inlet opening the connection element and / or the channel) a monolithic and / or one-piece component.
  • the inlet opening is advantageously formed spaced from the planar underside of the cover member in a wall of the channel and / or at one end of the channel.
  • the base element is composed of at least two individual elements, wherein the two individual elements fill the same functions after assembly as a basic element consisting of a single elements.
  • control elements which maintain a pressure gradient of the fluidic connection and the pressure chamber to the fluid surrounding the device, regardless of the operating state of the device.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment provides to change the size of the cross-sectional area A by a movable needle which controllably engages in the outlet opening.
  • the position of the device in a tank or tank is variable by an adjusting element and this can be rotated, tilted, lowered and / or raised.
  • the cover element in the region of the outlet openings of the outlet elements has a rough and / or wave-like structure of its surface, so that the working fluid is not or at least only to a limited extent on the surface. is liable.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is when only one media line or only one channel is connected to a plurality of devices, wherein from all the outlet elements at the same time the same amount of gas, gas mixture or liquid enters the medium surrounding the device.
  • a device for introducing a working fluid into a fluid surrounding the device is understood to mean both a gasifier with which gas, for example air or oxygen, is introduced into a liquid surrounding the aerator in the usual way.
  • a nebulizer or sprinkler with a liquid finely atomized in a device surrounding gas, such as water is finely atomized in air discharged.
  • the device according to the invention comprises a base member having a flat surface or at least approximately planar surface. The surface of the base element forms the pressure-side upper surface, i.
  • the cover member may also consist of a combination of a plate with at least one triangular shaped element and thus, for example, have a wave or sawtooth profile.
  • the outlet elements advantageously have a diameter of 0.001 mm to 0, 1 mm, more preferably a diameter of 0.03 mm at a preferred thickness of the cover element of 0, 2 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the seal encloses the at least partially configured between the cover and the surface of the base pressure chamber.
  • the seal is designed as an elastic seal or as a one-sided or double-sided adhesive sealing tape or as a seal made of ceramic material or metal or plastic.
  • the seal forms a support for the cover on the base element.
  • the distance between the cover element and the surface of the base element is set via the height of the seal.
  • the distance of the cover member, that is the underside of the cover member to the surface of the base member may be between 0.1 mm to 10000 mm.
  • the distance which is formed by the seal between the cover and the surface of the base member by the height of the seal preferably between 1 mm and 5 mm.
  • the distance between the underside of the cover and the surface of the base element is 1 mm to 50 mm.
  • Under the designed as a molded cover member is a three-dimensional body of any shape, such as with a cubic shape, a hemisphere or a circular disc to understand.
  • the cover can be partially or completely glued, welded, bolted or riveted to the base member or this with the cover, that is, with the surface of the base member or with the underside of the cover.
  • Eyelets may be attached to the cover element and to the base element, which make it possible to position or fix the device according to the invention in a basin, for example via ropes or chains which can be pulled through the eyelets.
  • At least one inlet opening is formed in the base element, via which the working fluid conducted via the media line can be introduced into the pressure chamber.
  • a gas or gas mixture is passed through only one distribution line at the same time to all over the one distribution line operated in pressure chambers and the upper edges of all outlet elements of the pressure chambers operated in the composite on the same horizontal plane, so a simultaneous exit of a gas or gas mixture from all outlet elements of these pressure chambers operated in the composite is achieved in such a way that the apex of the distribution line is located above the apex of each individual connection line from the supply line to each individual pressure chamber with their respective outlet elements and at the same time the apex of each each Connecting line to each pressure chamber is located on the same horizontal level below the top of the distribution line.
  • An introduced into the distribution line gas or gas mixture is distributed only below the apex of the distribution line and increases so long by further inflow of the gas or gas mixture, the pressure below the apex in the distribution line until the pressure in the distribution line in the region below its apex and above all sufficient on the same horizontal level connections of the connecting lines to the distribution line to overcome the hydrostatic pressure above all located on the same horizontal plane outlet elements and the gas or gas mixture from all outlet elements of the interconnected pressure chambers whose outlet openings are on the same horizontal level are to be introduced into the fluid above all operated in the composite pressure chambers.
  • the distribution line may be routed outside the pressure chambers and connected to each connection line to each individual pressure chamber in such a way that the apex of the supply line is located above all lying on a horizontal plane vertices of the connection lines.
  • the supply line can be introduced through a channel, which is formed for example by drilling or milling in the base element, and connected in the manner described with the individual connection lines.
  • outlet openings which are formed spaced from the underside of the cover in a lateral wall of the channel, it makes sense to assemble the base element of at least two individual elements.
  • the two individual elements fulfill after merging all the functions as a device of only one element.
  • the approximately planar surface of the basic element may be in its base as a square or rectangle, as an equilateral triangle, isosceles triangle or any triangle, as a circle or oval, as a prism or as a parallelogram, as a rhombus, as a trapezoid, as a polygon, or as a combination of at least two of these surfaces be executed.
  • the basic element itself can be designed as a vessel which is equipped in the form of a cube, a cuboid, a pyramid, a cone, a truncated cone, a cylinder, a sphere, a hemisphere or in the form of a combination of at least two of these forms.
  • the base element is designed as a plate with an approximately flat surface, wherein the plate has a strength that allows ballast chambers in the material of the base element, that is to incorporate or to design the material of the plate.
  • the basic element can also be configured as a plate with a very small thickness in order to produce only one printing element. to form chamber between the cover and the surface of the element configured as a plate.
  • the ballast body may be attached to the base member.
  • the design of the device according to the invention includes the technical teaching that the cover has a surface finish, at least in the region of the outlet opening, which causes the working fluid does not adhere to the surface of the cover or at least only to a limited extent on exit from the outlet openings.
  • the surface of the cover element namely the contact surface to the fluid surrounding the device, must have a surface finish, so that the exiting working fluid does not adhere to the O ber Design of the cover but undisturbed immediately after exiting from the outlet openings a small Bubble forms, which begins immediately after completion of the blistering or bladder formation with the rise.
  • the surface in the region of the outlet opening has an irregular structure, preferably a rough structure and / or a wave-like structure.
  • the rough surface texture in the region of an outlet opening can be configured both around the full circumference of the outlet opening and in parts of the circumference of the outlet opening. Reference points for the creation of the roughness are all points on the perimeter of the exit opening. As a reference plane, the plane, i. H. to understand the exit of the outlet opening on the surface of the cover.
  • the rough surface deviates from an ideal smooth surface, namely by the arrangement of a regular or irregular geometric body or several regular or irregular geometric bodies around the exit opening.
  • the geometric body have a distance from the outlet opening, which is limited on the one hand by the dimensions of the surface of the cover and on the other by the amount and the distance of outlet openings in the surface of the cover.
  • the geometric bodies stand on the reference plane or protrude from the outer surface of the cover element.
  • the geometric bodies can also protrude at different proportions and / or with different angles of inclination both to the horizontal and to the vertical at the same time beyond the reference plane and from the surface of the covering element.
  • cubes and straight cuboids with and without rounded corners, cones or truncated cones, spheres can be used as regular or irregular geometric solids or hemispheres or parts of spheres or parts of hemispheres, triangular and multi-sided prisms, cylinders or truncated cylinders with square, rectangular or triangular faces or combinations of different faces, pyramids or truncated pyramids and regular and irregular polygons with equal and unequal faces and the like or unequal footprints, ellipsoids that can stand on their major or minor semiaxis, and tori with an inside diameter> 0.0001 mm and a body height of 0.0001 mm and an outside diameter> 0.0001 mm or of grains of grain size> 0, 0001 mm or other natural or synthetic grains or manufactured substances with
  • the bodies may also be formed as a trapezoid or trapezoid, circle or pitch circle, as an equilateral, isosceles or right-angled triangle, as a semicircle, or as combinations of these bodies or other arbitrarily shaped shapes.
  • the individual geometric bodies may be arranged with a distance of> 0.0001 mm from each point of the edge of the outlet opening over the entire surface or even only partially on the surface of the cover.
  • the geometric bodies can also consist of several individual geometric bodies or of a combination of all possible ordered and disordered geometric bodies.
  • the geometric bodies can be arranged with each other within a radius of 360 ° and a distance of at least 0.0001 mm to the nearest geometric body at the edge of the outlet opening.
  • the geometrical bodies can be arranged in an ordered or disordered manner around the outlet opening.
  • the surface of the cover element may have a wave-like structure at least in the region of the outlet opening.
  • the wave-like structure can be configured as a wave profile, with uniform and irregular waves and a height of the wave crest above the reference plane 0.0001 mm and a depth of the wave trough below the reference plane 0.0001 mm.
  • the waves may be arranged in parallel or radiate from a center or any other point on the surface of the cover radially or in any other arbitrary arrangement and width of the individual wave profiles.
  • the wave profiles can be superimposed in their directions at an angle of> 0 ° to 90 °.
  • the outlet opening form the center of. in that the wave profile goes off circularly with ever-increasing circles from the center.
  • the distance of the individual shafts in both parallel orientation and in a radial orientation and also in the Ü overlap between 0.0001 mm to 0.5 mm.
  • the wave-like structure can also be configured over the entire surface or surface of the cover.
  • the outlet openings have a variable cross-sectional area A.
  • a variable cross-sectional area A has the advantage that, depending on the operating state of the device and other factors such.
  • a control element with which the cross-sectional area A is variable.
  • a control element according to the present invention may be a needle or a profiled at its tip with grooves or notches needle, which is part of a needle valve, which engages controllably in the outlet opening.
  • control element which changes the cross-sectional area A of the outlet opening, may also be an outlet opening at least partially covering means, such as a slide or other engaging in the outlet molding element, such as a ball or a profiled on one half with grooves or notches hemisphere.
  • the control element is controllable such that it engages in the outlet opening in case of need, reduces the cross-sectional area A by the intervention and thus allows the outlet of the working fluid in the size of the desired gas bubbles.
  • the control element can also completely engage in the outlet opening or cover this completely, which is prevented in particular when switching off the device that the surrounding fluid due to the absence of a pressure and temperature compensating volume stabilizer in the lines from a compressor to the inventive device for balancing caused by temperature-induced contraction of the gas in the lines via the outlet openings in the pressure chamber.
  • the control elements can be moved by motors, shafts, springs, magnets or other drive elements either individually or in series or in segments or over the entire surface of the cover.
  • the fluidic connection is connected to a compressor which sucks the working fluid, compresses it and then presses it with overpressure through the fluidic connection into the pressure chamber ,
  • the working fluid can also originate from an overpressure tank, which releases it, for example, by means of a throttle valve or a throttle valve as required from the overpressure tank into the fluidic connection.
  • an overpressure is always maintained in order to prevent that when the device is turned off, i.
  • the surrounding fluid flows through the outlet openings in the pressure chamber or flows.
  • Background of lower energy consumption also serve an additional secondary compressor with less power than the first main compressor, which is connected in parallel to the first main compressor.
  • the working fluid is a gas which is forced by the main compressor into the pressure chamber, which is located in a tank filled with liquid and whose outlet openings are below a liquid level of the liquid
  • the gas heats up by the delivery pressure and all gas for the gas interconnected assemblies, hereinafter referred to as a system, such as the main compressor and the sub-compressor, the fluidic connection, and other assemblies, such as the throttle valve, that control the flow of the gas to the pressure chamber, and the pressure chamber.
  • a system such as the main compressor and the sub-compressor, the fluidic connection, and other assemblies, such as the throttle valve, that control the flow of the gas to the pressure chamber, and the pressure chamber.
  • the entire system for gas production including gas in the system, may cool down or, in the winter, shut off the delivery of a drawn cold gas into the system and then prolong the exposure to the line after stopping the gas production Heat connection and thus the located in the fluidic connection gas.
  • the heating as well as the cooling of the system and thus of the gas can be done both
  • Solids or solid bodies expand when heated in their three Jardinrich- During cooling, they contract and contract in their three spatial directions, the extent of expansion or contraction being determined by their material-specific properties, such as the coefficient of thermal expansion. Gases behave under normal pressure and well above their boiling point approximately as an ideal gas and expand when heated proportional to the absolute temperature and contract when cooled proportional to the absolute temperature.
  • solids may commence with the onset of cooling of the temperature T1 and thus of the system in their three spatial directions contract their material-specific thermal insulation coefficient, wherein a gas contracts in proportion to the absolute temperature, which means that adjusts a gas volume V2 after switching off the main compressor in the system, where V1> V2 - since the entire system including the lines cools.
  • the temperature T1 of the gas in the system from the compressor to the outlet ports in the gasifier at the time of shutdown is lower than the ambient temperature - a state that can be set at low volumetric flow and permanent sunshine may cause solids to onset of heating of the Temperature T1 and thus of the system expand in their three spatial directions according to their material-specific thermal insulation coefficients, wherein a gas expands in proportion to the absolute temperature, and where V2> V1- as the entire system including the lines is heated.
  • a temperature compensating volume stabilizer which is here a secondary compressor
  • the gas volume present in the system can be kept constant as the system cools and thereby the volume of gas therein in the time between switching off and restarting the main compressor Compressor the gas volume is pressed directly into the fluidic connection (line) from the main compressor to the pressure chamber (s) corresponding to the volume of gas to that in the line between the switching off and turning on the main compressor gas volume without volume compensation contracted.
  • the gas volume present in the system can be kept constant when the system is heated in the time between switching off and switching on the main compressor.
  • a secondary compressor delivers at least the contraction corresponding gas volume in the line from the main compressor to the pressure chamber, as soon as the temperature T2 in the system from 0, 1 ° C compared to the Temperature T1 at the time of switching off the main compressor is exceeded. This process is preferably repeated whenever the temperature T2 in the system is lower than the temperature T1 previously present in the system, starting at 0.1 ° C.
  • the hydrostatic pressure p1 H changes by inflow or outflow into and out of a tank or tank in which a device is located, or the atmospheric air pressure p1 L or If the hydrostatic pressure and the air pressure change simultaneously, the gas volume V1 in the system expands at a pressure drop and contracts the gas volume V1 in the system with a pressure increase.
  • a pressure-compensating volume stabilizer which is preferably a secondary compressor
  • a pressure increase from 1 mbar to the pressure p1 at the time of turning off the main compressor with a sub-compressor gas is sucked out of the system until the pressure p1 at the time shutdown of the main compressor. This process is repeated whenever the pressure p2 in the system above 1 mbar is higher than the pressure p1 previously present in the system.
  • the control of temperature compensating and pressure compensating volume stabilizer can be coordinated.
  • the temperature-compensating and / or with the pressure-compensating volume stabilizer can be prevented in the device surrounding fluid contained ingredients, such as in clarifiers of sewage treatment plants or in waters or in commercial water use or in the use of circulating water regularly This may be the case through which outlet elements can enter the pressure chamber and overall into the system and thereby the functionality of the device as a gasifier by sticking or clogging of the outlet openings or by deposits in the pressure chamber, which lead to encrustations or which after drying by swirling of dried particles which can narrow or block the outlet openings.
  • the temperature and pressure compensating volume stabilizer can equally be used in all aeration systems, in particular aerators with membranes for introducing gases into liquids and for purifying membrane technologies used for wastewater treatment.
  • the temperature and pressure compensating volume stabilizer can be used in aerator sections and aerator sections.
  • Begasersetationen and Belclarersedictionen are characterized in that a plurality of aerators or more aerators or more Begaser and several aerators are connected to a line to a main compressor, the line can be branched behind the main compressor into several lines, wherein after the branch off each of the branching conduits may in turn be introduced into one or more aerators or aerators or aerator sections or aerator sections.
  • the temperature T1 and the temperature T2 and the pressure p1 and the pressure p2 can be continuously measured preferably by means of sensors and passed on to a controller or a control unit.
  • the volume V1 of the system is known.
  • p1, V1 and T1 are the state variables at the time of switching off the main Compressor.
  • V2 a volume of V2 is set in the system.
  • the gas volume now to be entered into the system is equal to AV. If the gas volume in the system expands because of p2> p1, if AV ⁇ 0, a secondary compressor sucks the volume corresponding to AV from the system. Contracted the gas volume in the system because p2 ⁇ p1 is AV> 0, a sub-compressor promotes the AV corresponding volume in the system.
  • a volume of V2 will be set in the system.
  • the gas volume now to be entered into the system is equal to AV. Expands the gas volume in the system because of T2> T1, AV ⁇ 0 and a sub-compressor sucks the AV corresponding volume from the system. Contracted the gas volume in the system because of T2 ⁇ T1 is AV> 0 and a secondary compressor promotes the AV corresponding volume in the system.
  • the settings of the system can be transmitted by the controller or the control unit.
  • the sub-compressor can continuously promote a minimum volume of gas AV in the system, wherein the gas volume at the highest point of the pressure chamber or a gassing section, this highest point being advantageously set up as a volume stabilizing dome.
  • Ah pH1 - pH2.
  • the volume stabilizing dome is preferably a cavity containing one or more orifices from which the gas escapes continuously or discontinuously at intervals of any possible time intervals, and where pS> pH2 + pL always applies to the pressure in both the volume stabilizing dome and the system.
  • the sub-compressor is therefore operated so that the respective set amount of air per unit time flows through the system from the main compressor to the outlet openings via the volume stabilizing dome to the measuring device, wherein pS> pH + pL.
  • the volume flow of the gas can be measured, regulated and controlled both in the volume stabilizing dome and above the water level.
  • Floating bodies may be provided below the outlet openings of the volume stabilization dome, which seal the outlet openings when the flow rate from the main compressor is increased.
  • controllable closure members may be attached, which close the outlet openings by increasing the flow rate from the main compressor by actuators or motors or magnets.
  • An overpressure in the device or in the volume flow of the working fluid can also be maintained via a throttle valve or a throttle valve, for example, when the working fluid flows with excess pressure from an overpressure tank.
  • the throttle valve or the throttle valve are arranged in a fluidic connection between the Ü overpressure tank and the pressure chamber.
  • the volume flow of the flowing from the pressure tank working fluid can be adjusted so that always an overpressure gradient of the fluidic connection to the pressure chamber and to the pressure chamber surrounding fluid is maintained.
  • the direction of the pressure gradient, d. H. the pressure drop takes place from the pressure chamber to the fluid surrounding the device.
  • a reversal of the pressure gradient of the fluid surrounding the device to the pressure chamber is achieved according to the invention by a continuously running and sucking from the system compressor or by the throttle valve or the throttle adjustable volume flow of effluent from the pressure tank working fluid.
  • a continuously running and sucking from the system compressor or by the throttle valve or the throttle adjustable volume flow of effluent from the pressure tank working fluid By maintaining the pressure gradient from the pressure chamber to the fluid surrounding the pressure chamber can be dispensed with a drainage or degassing for the pressure chamber, as on the pressure gradient entry of the fluid surrounding the device is prevented in the pressure chamber.
  • the moisture precipitate formed in the pressure chamber can be prevented or removed from the pressure chamber.
  • the device according to the invention can be used as a gasifier for introducing gas into a Use liquid, as a sprinkler or sprinkler for discharging a liquid, in particular water or a liquid mixture in the circulating air or in a gas or gas mixture.
  • a sprinkler or sprinkler water or a liquid or a liquid mixture is passed into the pressure chamber and this is finely distributed upon exiting the outlet openings, ie atomized.
  • a designed as a sprinkler device can be used for fire fighting, with the run on the fire water surface area reaches the source of fire. Accordingly, a designed as a sprinkler device for combating fires or for the deposition of smoke or dust, which occurs for example in demolition work, can be used.
  • the device designed as a sprinkler can also be used for fine distribution of water in the irrigation or for continuous irrigation by a stationary or mobile sprinkler. If the device according to the invention is used as a sprinkler, water can be guided precisely to the place of use.
  • the system according to the invention comprising at least one device with outlet elements, wherein the device and the fluid surrounding the device are arranged in a basin or tank or in an open water, includes the technical teaching that the device within the basin or the tank or body of water is movable, whereby the escape of the working fluid is supported by changing the position of the outlet openings.
  • a movement in the sense of the present invention means that the device is rotated in the tank or tank, tilted, raised or lowered. Since the fluid surrounding the device is a liquid, the liquid forms a liquid or water level at its upper side in the tank or in the basin or in the water. The liquid or water level should serve as a reference point for explaining the improved outlet of the working fluid from the outlet openings by changing the position of the outlet openings.
  • the position of the outlet openings is described below as a "geodetic plane" to the water level position, for example, if outlet openings in the cover element on different geodesic levels to the water level position, the working fluid first emerges from the outlet opening whose distance H1 is the shortest to the water level position If the volume flow or the pressure of the working fluid is further increased, the working fluid exits the outlet openings from the cover element whose distance H2 to the water level position is longer than the shortest path H1 to the water level position, namely when the pressure or the volume flow in the pressure chamber is equal to the pressure, which as a hydrostatic pressure over the outlet opening or the outlet openings with the short- ren distance to the water level.
  • the working fluid can be dispensed selectively by controlling the individual outlet openings on the respective geodetic planes into the fluid surrounding the device. If the outlet openings of several aerators are arranged on different geodesic planes, the working fluid first escapes from the aerator or the aerators, where the distance H1 of the outlet openings to the water level is shorter than the distance of the outlet openings of the aerator with a greater distance H2 to the water level.
  • the working fluid can be distributed differently by controlling the individual aerators on the respective geodetic levels in the fluid.
  • Different geodetic planes of the outlet openings relative to the water level can also be achieved in that the outlet openings are already arranged in the cover in different geodetic planes.
  • An arrangement of several aerators or a gassing section in different geodesic levels can already take place during installation or when introducing the aerator into the tank or the tank or the water.
  • a control element can serve a servomotor.
  • the device ie here in particular the pressure chamber whose upper part forms the cover, by tilting the device and thus also the outlet openings are at least partially brought into a higher geodetic plane.
  • the cover can be configured so that an outlet opening or a certain number of outlet openings have a larger diameter or a larger width than other outlet openings. Due to the larger diameter or the larger width of the working fluid occurs due to the lower frictional resistance when flowing through the outlet opening from the pressure chamber to the overlying fluid rather than from the outlet openings with a smaller diameter or smaller width.
  • the orifices of larger diameter or width may be introduced on a single cover member as well as on a plurality of cover members of a gasifier section and also on a gasifier mounted on an actuator.
  • the openings with the larger diameters or larger widths can be arranged so that a constant overpressure in the aerator or in a Begasersetation prevails, this overpressure with a There is a Begasersetation, this overpressure can be maintained at any time with a very small amount of gas from a Begierer exiting with a secondary compressor.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a device in side view
  • FIG. 2 shows the device of FIG. 1 in a plan view from above
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a device according to the invention with laterally configured in the wall of a channel outlet openings
  • FIG. 4 shows the device of FIG. 3 in a front view on the front side
  • FIG. 5 shows the device of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 with additional ballast chambers in a frontal view on the front side
  • FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a front-side cover element in the form of a front plate in plan view of the front side
  • Fig. 7 shows the device of FIG. 5 in side view with a on the front page as
  • FIG. 8 shows the device from FIG. 5 with a broadening of the channel in the lower element
  • FIG. 9 shows an alternative embodiment of the outlet openings shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4,
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view from above of a cover of a device according to the invention with a detailed view of an outlet opening,
  • 1 1 a, 1 1 b are schematic sectional views of cover elements for the device according to the invention.
  • 12a-12c are schematic sectional views of devices according to the invention, wherein the outlet openings of the outlet elements are arranged in different geodetic planes to the liquid level and
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic representation of a device according to the invention with a plurality of control elements for adjusting the pressure and the volume of the working fluid.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device 1 according to the invention in a side view.
  • the device 1 comprises a base element 2, which is designed in the form of a plate.
  • the base element 2 has an upper surface 8 designed as a planar surface.
  • At the flat surface 8 opposite the underside designated as a lower surface 20 of the designed as a plate base member 2 includes at a configured as a bore channel 12, a connection element 3 in the form of a connecting piece, which serves for fluid-tight coupling of the device 1 with a media line 4.
  • the media line 4 is used for supplying a fluid into the device 1, in particular in the as an orthogonal bore to the surface 8 in the base member 2 incorporated channel 12.
  • a seal 10 which can be seen in the plan view of the device 1, as shown in Figure 2, encloses a pressure chamber 9 in the form of a pressure chamber.
  • the upper side of the pressure chamber 9 forms a cover element 5, which has a flat underside 7 lying parallel to the surface 8 of the base element 2.
  • 5 outlet elements 6 are formed in the cover, which are lasered, shot or drilled here as holes through the cover 5, for example.
  • the pressure chamber 9 has only a very small volume, which, however, is sufficient to uniformly distribute the fluid introduced from the media line 4 in the direction of the arrow through the channel 12 to the outlet opening 11 and via the outlet opening 11 into the pressure chamber 9 via the outlet elements 6 of the cover 5 to be discharged into a fluid surrounding the device 1.
  • the seal 10 completely surrounds a configured in the cover 5 surface on which the outlet elements 6 are formed in the form of holes in the cover 5.
  • the outlet opening 11 of the base element 2 can be centered or formed at any other point below the cover 5 finally with the surface 8 of the base element 2.
  • Figure 3 shows a plan view of an embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention, in which the channel 12 which is connected via the connection element 3 to the media line 4, lying parallel to the surface 8 of the base member 2 and to the bottom 7 of the cover 5 in the base element 2 is configured.
  • the outlet openings 1 1 in the channel 12 laterally in walls 13 of the channel 12 are configured.
  • the outlet openings 1 1, as can be seen in Figure 4, spaced from the surface 8 of the base member 2 in the walls 13 are formed.
  • a pressure-pressure chamber 21 in the longitudinal direction of the channel 12 is functionally formed above the outlet openings 11.
  • This arrangement of the outlet openings 1 1 with the overpressure chamber 21 formed above functionally causes a pressure equalization takes place when introducing a fluid through the media line 4 in the channel 12 via the pressure chamber 21 over the entire length of the channel 12, and only after pressure equalization over the entire length of the Channel 12 introduced via the media line 4 in the channel 12 fluid from all over the entire length of the channel 12 angeord- Neten outlet 1 1 flows with the same pressure and / or volume in the pressure chamber.
  • a base section 2 can be provided at least in sections in the region of the outlet openings 6 Tray 14 may be configured, for example, by milling or drilling, in order to lead the out of the spaced apart from the surface 8 in the walls 13 of the channel 12 outlet openings 1 1 discharged fluid to the outlet openings 6 of the cover 5.
  • the total chamber volume of the pressure chamber 9 is formed by the height of the seal 10, the area enclosed by the seal 10 and by the volume of the trough or troughs 14 incorporated in the base element 2.
  • FIG. 5 shows the device 1 from FIG. 1 as a variant, in which the basic element 2 is composed of two individual elements 2.1 and 2.2.
  • the two individual elements 2.1 and 2.2 are exemplified mirror-symmetrical to 24 level.
  • the plane of symmetry 24 extends through two additional ballast chambers 15.
  • the individual elements 2.1 and 2.2 are at least materially bonded by gluing, welding, soldering or with a seal between the individual elements connected with screws.
  • the ballast chambers 15 are each incorporated by way of example in half in the individual elements 2.1 and 2.1, for example milled, so that when connecting the individual elements 2.1 and 2.2 with each other, the complete ballast chambers 15 are formed in the base member 2.
  • the ballast chambers 15 thus formed can be filled via the end face 16 with ballast material.
  • an end-face covering element 17, illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, serves, for example.
  • the end-side cover member 1 7 which can be connected via the end face 1 6 of the base member 2 with the base member 2, designed as a front plate.
  • holding elements 19 arranged on the cover element 17, which in the present case are designed in the form of eyelets serve.
  • the frontal Covering element 1 7 at least non-positively connected to the base member 2 can be about the holding member 19, the entire device 1, for example, based on the designed as eyelets holding elements 19 lines, chains or hooks or lift from the clarifier or fish pond.
  • FIG. 7 shows the device of FIG. 5 in a lateral view, but for better clarity, the channel 12 lying above the ballast chambers 15 is shown by the broken lines.
  • the covering element 17 designed as end plate from FIG. 6 the end-face covering element 17 in FIG. 7 is designed as an angle.
  • a seal 18 is arranged, which serves to connect the cover element 17 in a fluid-tight manner to the base element 2. Is.
  • the cover 17 fluid-tight manner with the base element 2 of the device 1, for example by means of screws or rivets at least positively and / or positively connected (screws and rivets are not shown in the figure), previously introduced into the ballast chambers 15 dietary fiber no longer escape from the ballast chambers 15.
  • the connection element 3 is guided by the leg 22 of the cover element 17 resting on the end face 16 of the base element 2.
  • the leg 23 formed perpendicularly to the leg 2 resting against the base element 2 can preferably serve as a support surface for the device 1 and / or for fastening and fixing the device 1 by means of screws or rivets in a basin, for example a clarifier or fish pond.
  • the frontal cover member 17 may be configured such that cover 17 of adjacent devices 1 at least form-fitting interlock with each other to connect a plurality of devices 1 together.
  • FIG. 8 shows the device 1 according to the invention in a frontal view of the end face 16 of the base element 2.
  • the base element 2 comprises two individual elements 2.1 and 2.2, which together form the base element 2.
  • Above the recesses 25 are Channels 12.1 lying perpendicular to the channel 12 are configured in the upper individual element 2.1, which respectively open into an outlet opening 11.
  • each of the cavities 26 formed by the recesses 25 is assigned at least one channel 12.1, which ends with at least one outlet opening 11 below the pressure chamber 9.
  • FIG. 9 shows an embodiment variant of a device 1 according to the invention with an overpressure chamber 21 configured in at least one channel 12 in a frontal view of the end face 16 of the base element 2.
  • the outlet openings 1 1 at the end in parallel to the walls 13 of the channel 12 configured channels 12.2 spaced from the surface 8 of the base member 2 are formed.
  • outlet openings 120 spaced from the surface 8 of the base element 2 and spaced from the outlet openings 11 configured at the end of the channels 12.2 are formed below the overpressure chamber 21: form the surface 8 of the base element 2 by the spacing of the outlet openings 11 both outlet openings 11 functionally together a common outlet opening 110, via which the introduced via the media line 4 fluid can be entered into the pressure chamber 9.
  • the channel 12 is configured with the overpressure chamber 21 formed below the outlet openings 11 in the longitudinal direction of the channel 12.
  • the overpressure chamber 21 is arranged above the outlet openings 120.
  • FIG. 10 shows, in a schematic plan view, a cover element 102 of a device 1 according to the invention, which can be used as a gasifier 10200, as a sprinkler 10300 or as a sprinkler 10400.
  • the cover element 102 forms the upper side of a pressure chamber 103.
  • the pressure chamber 103 is connected to a fluidic connection 104 for supplying a working fluid into the pressure chamber 103, as shown in FIG.
  • a plurality of outlet elements 105 are arranged, in particular in the form of the covering element 102 by cross-holes 105.1.
  • the holes 105.1 emerge from the cover element 102 in the form of outlet openings 106.
  • an outlet opening 106 this has a circular cross-sectional area A shown here.
  • the holes 5.1 designed as outlet elements 105 serve to discharge the working fluid, which is conducted via the fluidic connection 104 into the pressure chamber 103, out of the pressure chamber 103 into the fluid surrounding the device 1.
  • the fluid surrounding the pressure chamber 103 or the device 1 can be liquid or a liquid mixture in the case of a fumigant 10200. If one uses the device 1 according to the invention as a sprinkler 10300 or sprinkler 10400, the fluid surrounding the device 1 or the pressure chamber 103 can be a gas or air.
  • the covering element 102 has on the side of the outlet openings 106 a surface 107 with a surface finish which causes the working fluid to not adhere or at least only to a limited extent to the surface 107 of the covering element 102 when the working fluid exits the outlet openings 106.
  • the surface 107 has a rough structure. The rough structure of the surface 107 causes the working fluid exiting the exit openings 106 to not adhere to the surface 107 of the cover member 102 and not coalesce the exiting gas or liquid bubbles.
  • FIGS. 11a and 11b show in a schematic sectional view various embodiments of the device 1 according to the invention with different configurations of the cover elements 102.
  • the surface 107 of the cover element 102 facing away from the pressure chamber 103 comprises triangularly shaped form elements 108, here either with two flanks 109.1 and 109.2 dull or pointed towards each other, are designed.
  • the outlet elements 105 designed as holes 105.1 reach through the flanks 109.1 and 109.2 of the triangular shaped element 108 and enter into outlet Openings 106 from this.
  • heat-conducting or cold-discharging and / or-discharging lines 101 1 are respectively arranged in the flanks 109. 1 and 109. 2 and in the center piece 101 lying between the flanks.
  • the lines 101 1 may be fluid-technical media lines through which a cooling or heating agent flows. But the lines 101 1 may also be heating wires or a heating grid, which are heated by the supply of electrical energy. The heat or the removal of heat is delivered to the cover element 102, and here in particular in the region of the outlet openings 106, to the triangularly shaped mold element 108.
  • the heat supply or the heat removal causes the material of the mold element 108 and thus the entire mold element 108 is stretched or compressed, wherein the cross-sectional area A of the outlet openings 106 is changed. Since the mold element 108 forms the surface 107 of the cover element 102, the shape change of the mold element 108 overall also alters the surface 107, ie the surface finish of the cover element 102. Characterized in that the lines 101 1 are arranged in the form of element 108 in the region of the outlet openings 106, formed by the influence of temperature on the mold element 108, for example, wave crests or troughs when upsetting or stretching the material of the mold element 108.
  • the change in the surface finish of the cover 102 has As a result, when the working fluid exits the outlet openings 106, the working fluid does not adhere or at least only to a limited extent to the wave-like surface 107 of the cover element 102.
  • the lines 1011 extend through the cover 102, which is designed as a monolithic molded body.
  • outlet elements 105 in the form of holes 105.1 are formed in the cover element 102, which guide the working fluid out of the pressure chamber 103 through the cover element 102 and this via exit openings 106 from the pressure chamber 103 into the fluid surrounding the pressure chamber 103 dismiss.
  • the lines 101 1 supplying heat or cold cause the surface texture of the surface 107 of the cover element 102 to be changed, in particular in the region of the outlet openings 106.
  • the cover 102 By upsetting or by stretching the cover 102, namely by supply of cold or by heat, created in the region of the outlet openings 106 wave troughs or wave crests, which ensure that emerging from the outlet openings 106 working fluid or only to a limited extent on the surface 107 of the cover 102 adheres.
  • FIG. 12a to 12c show sectional views of devices 1 with a focus on the position of the cover elements 102 in a system 10100, wherein a basin or tank 101 10 is illustrated schematically as a line enclosing the cover elements 102.
  • the cover element 102 in FIG. 12a corresponds to the cover element 102 of FIG. 11a.
  • the geodetic plane H1 to the water level position, shown here by the broken line AA, of the device 1 surrounding fluid is shown.
  • the exit openings 106 in the mold element 108 of the cover element 102 of the device 1 in Figure 12b lie on another geodetic plane H1 to the water level AA as the exit openings 106 in the mold element 108 of the device 1 in Figure 12a. Accordingly, the path of the working fluid, which is discharged via the pressure chamber 103 through the holes 105.1 via the outlet openings 106 in the surrounding the device 1 fluid to the water level position AA longer than the path of the working fluid, via the outlet openings 106 of the device 1 in Fig. 12b in which the device 1 surrounding fluid is discharged. Correspondingly, a higher pressure is required for expelling or exiting the working fluid from the device 1, as shown in FIG.
  • the device 1 is connected in Fig. 12b and in Fig. 12c with the actuator 1012, which lower the device 1 in different geodesic planes H1 and can lift.
  • the device 1 according to FIG. 12c is shown, via which, by means of the adjusting element 1012, it is lowered into a lower or lower geodetic plane H1.
  • the distance between the outlet openings 106 of the device 1 in FIG. 12c is increased in comparison to the distance of the outlet openings 106 of the device 1 in FIG. 12b from the water level AA.
  • FIG. 13 shows, in a schematic representation, the pressure conditions which act on a device 1 according to the invention and serve as the basis for calculation in order to prevent penetration of the fluid surrounding the device 1 via the outlet openings 106 of the pressure chamber 103.
  • the device 1 is arranged in a system 10100 which, inter alia, comprises a basin 10110 but may also be a tank.
  • the fluidic line 104 is adjacent to a main compressor 1013, which is also replaced by an overpressure tank 1014 in an overpressure system may be connected to a sub-compressor 1015 and two other control elements 1016 and 1017.
  • the control elements 1016 and 1017 may be configured differently than the sub-compressor 1015 as a valve, as a throttle valve or as a throttle valve.
  • control element 1016 which is designed, for example, as a tap
  • at least the volume flow of the working fluid can be controlled as far as the pressure chamber 103.
  • a control of the working fluid in the fluidic connection 104 can also take place via the control element 1017, which is designed as a throttle valve or as a throttle valve.
  • a total system pressure pS1 is required which results from the pressure for overcoming the friction losses in the system 100 from the compressor 1013 to the pressure chamber 103 and from the gasifier pressure in the pressure chamber 103 when flowing through the outlet openings 106 of the holes 105 from the pressure chamber 103 and the hydrostatic pressure PH of the liquid column in the basin 10110 via the outlet openings p1 H and the atmospheric pressure p1 L composed. If the compressor 1013 is turned off or the control element 1017.
  • a pressure p2S which is equal to the hydrostatic pressure PH of the liquid column p1 H and the atmospheric air pressure p1 L.
  • a volume V2 with a temperature T2 in the fluidic connection 104 between the main compressor 1013 and the pressure chamber 103 these state parameters cause that upon cooling of the device 1 after switching off the main compressor 1013, the working fluid contracts and In this case, a negative pressure in the fluidic connection 104 and the pressure chamber 103 is generated and is compensated in that the fluid surrounding the device 1 is sucked through the outlet openings 106 into the pressure chamber 103 of the device 1.
  • switch off the sub-compressor 1015 which is integrated in the fluidic connection 104 between the main compressor 1013 and the pressure chamber 103, and presses as much working fluid in the fluidic connection 104 that the temperature, the volume and the pressure be compensated in the fluidic connection 104 and the fluid surrounding the device 1 does not flow into the pressure chamber 103 via the outlet openings 106.
  • an expansion of the working fluid by heating the device 1 due to the stoppage of the main compressor 1013 of the secondary compressor 15 is used to suck at least the corresponding expansion of the working fluid volume from the fluidic connection 104.

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  • Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif destiné à introduire un gaz, un mélange de gaz ou un liquide dans un milieu entourant le dispositif. Le dispositif comprend une chambre de pression présentant des conduites d'alimentation pour le fluide de travail ainsi qu'un élément de recouvrement qui peut être réalisé sous la forme d'une plaque, d'un corps moulé ou d'un élément façonné triangulaire et des éléments de sortie pour le fluide de travail dont le diamètre atteint £ 1OO pm, et les éléments d'évacuation du corps moulé triangulaire présentent une surface de section transversale variable, ce qui présente l'avantage que le gaz, le mélange de gaz ou le liquide dans la chambre de pression, lorsque le dispositif est à l'arrêt, peut être séparé du milieu l'entourant sans l'aide de moyens supplémentaires, tels qu'une membrane en caoutchouc, et, lorsque le dispositif fonctionne, l'introduction du gaz, du mélange de gaz ou du liquide sortant de la chambre de pression dans le milieu en passant par les éléments d'évacuation est possible. Ceci permet d'une manière relativement simple, et d'une façon économe en énergie, d'introduire la quantité précise d'un gaz ou d'un mélange de gaz ainsi que d'un liquide dans un milieu à tout moment, car on sait quel courant de volume circule à quelle unité de temps à travers un élément d'évacuation en particulier et à travers l'intégralité des éléments d'évacuation et à quel diamètre la bulle de gaz se forme sur toute l'étendue de l'élément d'évacuation individuel et à quelle vitesse de flottabilité chaque bulle de gaz individuelle séjourne depuis un certain temps dans un fluide. Du fait de la taille très réduite des petites bulles de gaz sortant ou du fait de la petite taille des gouttelettes évacuées, la surface des petites bulles de gaz ou la surface des gouttelettes, rapportée au fluide de travail évacué du dispositif, est optimisée et la coalescence de celles-ci est limitée de façon négligeable.
PCT/DE2016/000130 2015-08-18 2016-03-24 Dispositif d'introduction d'un gaz ou d'un mélange de gaz ou d'un liquide dans un milieu entourant le dispositif WO2017028829A1 (fr)

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DE112016003755.4T DE112016003755A5 (de) 2015-08-18 2016-03-24 Vorrichtung zum Eintrag eines Gases oder Gasgemisches oder einer Flüssigkeit in ein die Vorrichtung umgebendes Medium

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DE102015113691.0A DE102015113691A1 (de) 2015-08-18 2015-08-18 Begaservorrichtung
DE102015113691.0 2015-08-18

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CN108359580A (zh) * 2018-02-28 2018-08-03 清华大学深圳研究生院 一种用于经济微藻培养的微泡光生物反应器

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WO2007135087A1 (fr) 2006-05-23 2007-11-29 Otv Sa Dispositif d'aeration pour systeme de filtration d'eau a membranes immergees, incluant un plancher pourvu de moyens d'injection d'un gaz et d'au moins un systeme d'equilibrage des pressions
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GB2484070A (en) * 2010-09-23 2012-04-04 Acal Energy Ltd Fine bubble generation device
KR101246835B1 (ko) 2012-11-19 2013-04-03 고명한 산기장치
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DE102012108572A1 (de) 2012-09-13 2014-03-13 Martin Stachowske Vorrichtung zum Einbringen eines Gases oder eines Gasgemisches in eine Flüssigkeit
WO2015128508A2 (fr) 2014-02-28 2015-09-03 Martin Stachowske Dispositif fixe et mobile pour l'incorporation énergétiquement optimisée d'un fluide dans un fluide par une insertion contrôlée de bulles ou de gouttes individuelles d'un gaz, d'un mélange gazeux ou d'un fluide

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US4639314A (en) * 1985-01-18 1987-01-27 Tyer Robert R Fine bubble diffuser and diffuser system having filtered blow-down tube
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GB2484070A (en) * 2010-09-23 2012-04-04 Acal Energy Ltd Fine bubble generation device
US20130099401A1 (en) * 2011-10-20 2013-04-25 Uwm Research Foundation, Inc. Membrane for air diffuser
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WO2015128508A2 (fr) 2014-02-28 2015-09-03 Martin Stachowske Dispositif fixe et mobile pour l'incorporation énergétiquement optimisée d'un fluide dans un fluide par une insertion contrôlée de bulles ou de gouttes individuelles d'un gaz, d'un mélange gazeux ou d'un fluide

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108359580A (zh) * 2018-02-28 2018-08-03 清华大学深圳研究生院 一种用于经济微藻培养的微泡光生物反应器
CN108359580B (zh) * 2018-02-28 2020-04-21 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 一种用于经济微藻培养的微泡光生物反应器

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