WO2017022158A1 - 鉄道車両の衝突エネルギー吸収装置 - Google Patents
鉄道車両の衝突エネルギー吸収装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017022158A1 WO2017022158A1 PCT/JP2016/002743 JP2016002743W WO2017022158A1 WO 2017022158 A1 WO2017022158 A1 WO 2017022158A1 JP 2016002743 W JP2016002743 W JP 2016002743W WO 2017022158 A1 WO2017022158 A1 WO 2017022158A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- partition plate
- plate
- outer cylinder
- collision energy
- horizontal
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
- B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
- B60R19/24—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles
- B60R19/26—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means
- B60R19/34—Arrangements for mounting bumpers on vehicles comprising yieldable mounting means destroyed upon impact, e.g. one-shot type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D15/00—Other railway vehicles, e.g. scaffold cars; Adaptations of vehicles for use on railways
- B61D15/06—Buffer cars; Arrangements or construction of railway vehicles for protecting them in case of collisions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F19/00—Wheel guards; Bumpers; Obstruction removers or the like
- B61F19/04—Bumpers or like collision guards
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G11/00—Buffers
- B61G11/16—Buffers absorbing shocks by permanent deformation of buffer element
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/12—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using plastic deformation of members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/12—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using plastic deformation of members
- F16F7/128—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using plastic deformation of members characterised by the members, e.g. a flat strap, yielding through stretching, pulling apart
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a collision energy absorbing device for a railway vehicle.
- the impact-absorbing member disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a rectangular tube-shaped main body and a cross-shaped rib provided therein along the axial direction, and is manufactured by extrusion molding.
- a flat pressure receiving plate is provided at the front end of the shock absorbing member, and a cutout portion is partially formed at the rear end of the shock absorbing member. In this shock absorbing member, the strength is partially reduced in the vicinity of the cutout portion, so that the load peak value in the initial stage of the collision is reduced.
- an object of the present invention is to stabilize the posture at the time of deformation of the collision energy absorbing device while absorbing the desired collision energy and reducing the load peak value at the initial stage of the collision.
- a collision energy absorbing device for a railway vehicle extends in the vehicle longitudinal direction in an outer plate that forms an outer cylinder having an axis extending in the vehicle longitudinal direction, and an internal space surrounded by the outer plate, At least one partition plate fixed to the outer plate and partitioning the internal space, and the outer shape of the outer cylinder has a symmetrical shape with respect to a virtual horizontal plane including the axis, and the at least one partition The plate has a missing portion in the internal space.
- a missing portion is formed in the partition plate in the inner space surrounded by the outer plate, and the outer shape of the outer cylinder has a symmetrical shape with respect to the virtual horizontal plane including the axis, so that the desired collision energy is absorbed.
- the moment load generated during the crushing of the collision energy absorbing device is suppressed, and the outer plate is easily collapsed in a stable posture at the time of the collision. If the outer plate constituting the outer cylinder is crushed in a stable posture, the partition plate fixed to the outer plate can be easily maintained in a stable posture, and the partition plate having a missing portion can be buckled and deformed in a stable posture.
- the outer plate away from the axis collapses in a stable posture, even if a load with a direction shifted from the axial direction is generated on the partition plate having the missing portion, the missing portion is closer to the axis than the outer plate.
- the moment load generated in the energy absorbing device can be suppressed.
- the posture at the time of deformation of the collision energy absorbing device can be stabilized while absorbing the desired collision energy and reducing the load peak value at the initial stage of the collision.
- FIG. 1 It is a side view of the head part of the body of the railroad vehicle which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the collision energy absorption device mounted in the vehicle body shown in FIG. It is a perspective view of the state which removed the outer plate and front board of the collision energy absorption device shown in FIG. (A) is a vertical sectional view of the collision energy absorbing device shown in FIG. 2, and is a diagram showing an outer cylinder in phantom lines, and (b) is a horizontal sectional view thereof. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the amount of compression of an axial direction at the time of the crushing of the collision energy absorption apparatus shown in FIG. 2, and a load. It is a perspective view of the collision energy absorption device concerning a 2nd embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a horizontal sectional view of the collision energy absorbing device shown in FIG. 6, in which the outer cylinder is indicated by a virtual line.
- (A) is the vertical sectional view of the collision energy absorption device concerning a 3rd embodiment, Comprising: The figure which showed the outer cylinder by the phantom line, (b) is the horizontal sectional view.
- (A) is the vertical sectional view of the collision energy absorption device concerning a 4th embodiment, Comprising: The figure which showed the outer cylinder with the imaginary line, (b) is the horizontal sectional view.
- (A) is the vertical sectional view of the collision energy absorption device concerning a 5th embodiment, Comprising: The figure which showed the outer cylinder by the phantom line, (b) is the horizontal sectional view.
- (A) is the vertical sectional view of the collision energy absorption device concerning a 6th embodiment, Comprising: The figure which showed the outer cylinder with the phantom line, (b) is the horizontal sectional view.
- the direction in which the railway vehicle travels and the direction in which the vehicle body extends is referred to as the vehicle longitudinal direction or the front-rear direction, and the lateral direction orthogonal thereto is referred to as the vehicle width direction or the left-right direction.
- the railway vehicle can travel in both directions in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, in the following description, for the sake of convenience, the right direction in FIG. 1 is defined as the front and the left direction is defined as the rear.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a leading portion 2a of a vehicle body 2 of a railway vehicle 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the railway vehicle 1 includes a vehicle body 2 and a carriage 3 that supports the vehicle body 2.
- a collision energy absorbing device 10 is fixed to the front portion of the head portion 2a of the vehicle body 2 in a state of protruding forward. As a result, when vehicles traveling on the same track collide head-on or collide with an obstacle, the collision energy absorbing device 10 is crushed by the load from the front and the collision energy is absorbed.
- the vehicle body 2 has a frame 4.
- the underframe 4 has a pair of side beams 4a and end beams 4b.
- the pair of side beams 4a extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle while being separated in the vehicle width direction.
- the end beams 4b extend in the vehicle width direction and connect the front ends of the pair of side beams 4a.
- the lower end portion of the column 5 extending upward is joined to the end beam 4b.
- the collision energy absorbing device 10 is fixed to the front surfaces of the end beams 4b and the pillars 5 and protrudes forward from the underframe 4.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the collision energy absorbing device 10 mounted on the vehicle body 2 shown in FIG.
- the collision energy absorbing device 10 includes a plurality of outer plates 11 to 14, a vertical partition plate 15, a horizontal partition plate 16, a rear plate 17, and a front plate 18.
- Each of the plates 11 to 18 is made of metal, for example.
- the plurality of outer plates 11 to 14 are combined with each other via the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16 to form the outer cylinder 20.
- the outer cylinder 20 has an axial line AX that passes through the center of gravity thereof in the vehicle longitudinal direction.
- the outer cylinder 20 is symmetrical with respect to the virtual vertical plane V including the axis AX, and has an outer shape that is symmetric with respect to the virtual horizontal plane H including the axis AX.
- the outer cylinder 20 may have an outer shape that is asymmetric with respect to the virtual vertical plane V including the axis AX and symmetric with respect to the virtual horizontal plane H including the axis AX.
- the outer cylinder 20 has a tapered shape in which the vertical cross section including the axis AX decreases from the rear toward the front.
- the outer cylinder 20 has a rectangular horizontal cross section including the axis AX. Further, the vertical cross section perpendicular to the axis AX of the outer cylinder 20 has a quadrangular shape.
- the plurality of outer plates 11 to 14 are obtained by dividing the outer cylinder 20 into a plurality of portions along a dividing line extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
- the number of outer plates 11 to 14 is four.
- the outer plates 11 to 14 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the virtual vertical plane V and symmetrically with respect to the virtual horizontal plane H.
- the outer plates 11 to 14 have the same shape, and the vertical cross section perpendicular to the axis AX has an L shape.
- Slots SL1 and SL2 (gap) are formed between the opposite side edges of the outer plates 11 to 14.
- the slots SL1 and SL2 are orthogonal to the axis AX of the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16.
- the side end portions 15a and 16a are sandwiched by the outer plates 11 to 14 by inserting the outer side end portions 15a and 16a in the direction in which the outer plates 11 to 14 are inserted.
- the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16 extend in the direction of the axis AX in the internal space S surrounded by the outer plates 11 to 14.
- the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16 cross each other and fix the outer plates 11 to 14.
- the vertical partition plate 15 partitions the internal space S into left and right
- the horizontal partition plate 16 partitions the internal space S up and down.
- the upper and lower side end portions 15a of the vertical partition plate 15 are respectively positioned in the upper and lower slots SL1 formed by the outer plates 11 to 14, and are formed by the side edges 11a to 14a of the outer plates 11 to 14, respectively. It is sandwiched from the left and right.
- the left and right side end portions 16a of the horizontal partition plate 16 are respectively positioned in the slots SL2 formed by the outer plates 11 to 14, and are sandwiched from above and below by the side end edges 11b to 14b of the outer plates 11 to 14. . That is, the side end portions 15 a and 16 a of the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16 also partially constitute the outer cylinder 20. The side end portions 15a, 16a of the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16 protrude outward from the outer surfaces of the outer plates 11-14.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and the side end portions 15a and 16a of the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16 may not protrude outward from the outer surfaces of the outer plates 11 to 14.
- the side end portions 15a, 16a of the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16 may be flush with the outer surfaces of the outer plates 11-14. Further, the side end portions 15a, 16a of the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16 may be disposed on the inner side of the outer surfaces of the outer plates 11-14. Even in this case, the upper and lower side end portions 15a of the vertical partition plate 15 may be sandwiched from the left and right sides by the side end edges 11a to 14a of the outer plates 11 to 14.
- the rear plate 17 faces the rear end of the outer cylinder 20 and closes the opening at the rear end of the outer cylinder 20 in a liquid-tight manner.
- the rear plate 17 is larger than the outer shape of the rear end of the outer cylinder 20.
- a fastening hole 17 a is formed in the rear plate 17 outside the rear end of the outer cylinder 20 in the direction orthogonal to the axis AX. That is, the collision energy absorbing device 10 is fixed to the vehicle body 2 by a fastener (for example, a bolt or a rivet) inserted into the fastening hole 17a of the rear plate 17.
- the rear plate 17 may be fixed to the vehicle body 2 by welding.
- the front plate 18 faces the front end of the outer cylinder 20 and closes the opening at the front end of the outer cylinder 20 in a liquid-tight manner.
- the front plate 18 is larger than the outer shape of the front end of the outer cylinder 20.
- the front plate 18 has a shape in which the center portion 18a in the vehicle width direction protrudes forward from the end portions 18b on both sides in the vehicle width direction (see also FIG. 4).
- the horizontal cross section of the front plate 18 has a shape that protrudes forward
- the vertical cross section of the front plate 18 has a shape that extends straight in the vertical direction.
- the internal space S of the collision energy absorbing device 10 is a closed space closed by the outer cylinder 20, the rear plate 17 and the front plate 18.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the collision energy absorbing device 10 shown in FIG. 2 with the outer plates 11 to 14 and the front plate 18 removed.
- 4A is a vertical cross-sectional view of the collision energy absorbing device 10 shown in FIG. 2, and is a view showing the outer cylinder 20 by an imaginary line
- FIG. 4B is a horizontal cross-sectional view thereof.
- the rear end of the outer cylinder 20 has a vertically long shape
- the front end of the outer cylinder 20 has a horizontally long shape.
- the height H R of the rear end of the outer tube 20 is larger than the width W R of the rear end of the outer tube 20, the height H F of the front end of the outer tube 20, the width W F of the front end of the outer tube 20 Smaller than.
- the vertical length of the rear end of the outer cylinder 20 is larger than the horizontal length of the rear end of the outer cylinder 20, and the vertical length of the front end of the outer cylinder 20 is the outer cylinder. It is smaller than the length of 20 front ends in the horizontal direction.
- the height of the rear end of the vertical partition plate 15 is larger than the width of the rear end of the horizontal partition plate 16, and the height of the front end of the vertical partition plate 15 is smaller than the width of the front end of the horizontal partition plate 16.
- the pair of side end portions 15a of the vertical partition plate 15 are inclined so as to approach each other from the rear to the front.
- the vertical partition plate 15 has a missing portion M1 in the internal space S surrounded by the outer plates 11-14.
- the missing part M1 makes the area of the vertical partition plate 15 smaller than the area defined by the front surface of the rear plate 17, the inner surface of the outer cylinder 20, and the rear surface of the front plate 18 in a virtual plane including the vertical partition plate 15. In this way, the thinned portion is provided on the vertical partition plate 15.
- the missing portion M1 is formed by cutting out the front portion of the vertical partition plate 15 so that the front end of the vertical partition plate 15 is recessed rearward. That is, the missing portion M1 is formed at the front end portion of the longitudinal partition plate 15 in the vehicle longitudinal direction.
- the missing portion M1 has a shape that gradually increases the area of the cross section as the cutting position of the cross section perpendicular to the axis AX of the vertical partition plate 15 moves from the front to the rear.
- the front end portion of the vertical partition plate 15 has a plurality of convex portions 15b and 15c having different protrusion amounts.
- the front end of the vertical partition plate 15 is formed in a W shape. That is, the front end of the vertical partition plate 15 includes a side protrusion 15b that protrudes forward on both sides in the vertical direction, a center protrusion 15c that protrudes forward in the center in the vertical direction, and a side protrusion 15b and a center protrusion 15c. And a recess 15d recessed rearward.
- the missing part M1 is formed by the outer edge of the side convex part 15b on the axis AX side, the outer edge of the central convex part 15c, and the outer edge of the concave part 15d.
- the forward protrusion amount of the central convex portion 15c is smaller than the forward protrusion amount of the side convex portion 15b. That is, the front end of the central convex portion 15c is located behind the front end of the side convex portion 15b.
- the side convex portion 15b and the central convex portion 15c have a shape in which the area of the cross section increases as the cutting position of the cross section orthogonal to the axis AX moves later.
- the side convex portion 15 b is in contact with the front plate 18.
- the side protrusions 15b are arranged at the intersections with the outer plates 11-14.
- the central convex portion 15 c is disposed at the intersection between the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16.
- a counter slit 15 e is formed at the vertical center of the vertical partition plate 15. The counter slit 15e extends rearward from the front end and terminates at an intermediate position between the front end and the rear end.
- the pair of side end portions 16a of the horizontal partition plate 16 are substantially parallel to each other.
- the horizontal partition plate 16 has a missing portion M2 in the internal space S surrounded by the outer plates 11-14.
- the missing part M2 makes the area of the horizontal partition plate 16 smaller than the area defined by the front surface of the rear plate 17, the inner surface of the outer cylinder 20, and the rear surface of the front plate 18 in a virtual plane including the horizontal partition plate 16. In this way, the thinned portion is provided in the horizontal partition plate 16.
- the missing portion M2 is formed by cutting out the front portion of the horizontal partition plate 16 so that the front end of the horizontal partition plate 16 is recessed rearward. That is, the missing part M2 is formed at the front end of the horizontal partition plate 16 in the vehicle longitudinal direction.
- the missing part M2 has a shape that gradually increases the area of the cross section as the cutting position of the cross section perpendicular to the axis AX of the horizontal partition plate 16 moves from the front to the rear.
- the front end portion of the horizontal partition plate 16 has a plurality of convex portions 16b and 16c having different protrusion amounts.
- the front end of the horizontal partition plate 16 is formed in a W shape. That is, the front end portion of the horizontal partition plate 16 includes a side protrusion 16b that protrudes forward on both sides in the horizontal direction, a center protrusion 16c that protrudes forward in the center in the horizontal direction, and a side protrusion 16b and a center protrusion 16c. And a recess 16d recessed rearward.
- the missing part M2 is formed by the outer edge of the side convex part 16b on the axis AX side, the outer edge of the central convex part 16c, and the outer edge of the concave part 16d.
- the amount of forward protrusion of the central convex portion 16c is smaller than the amount of forward protrusion of the side convex portion 16b. That is, the front end of the central convex portion 16c is located behind the front end of the side convex portion 16b.
- the central convex portion 16c has a shape that increases the area of the cross section as the cutting position of the cross section orthogonal to the axis AX moves later. In the axis AX direction, the front end position of the central convex portion 16c is the same as the front end position of the central convex portion 15c.
- the amount of dent to the rear of the concave portion 16d is larger than the amount of dent to the rear of the concave portion 15d.
- the last end of the missing part M2 is located behind the last end of the missing part M1. Accordingly, the length L1 in the vehicle longitudinal direction of the missing portion M1 of the vertical partition plate 15 and the length L2 in the vehicle longitudinal direction of the missing portion M2 of the horizontal partition plate 16 are different from each other.
- the side convex portion 16 b is in contact with the front plate 18.
- the side protrusions 16b are arranged at the intersections with the outer plates 11-14.
- the central convex portion 16 c is disposed at the intersection between the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16.
- a counter slit 16e is formed at the center of the horizontal partition plate 16 in the horizontal direction.
- the opposing slit 16e extends forward from the rear end and terminates at an intermediate position between the rear end and the front end.
- the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16 are positioned so as to intersect with each other, and the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16 are located at the intersecting portion. They are joined together by welding.
- the missing portions M1 and M2 are symmetrical with respect to the virtual vertical plane V including the axis AX, and symmetrical with respect to the virtual horizontal plane H including the axis AX (see FIG. 2). Not limited to this, the missing portions M1 and M2 may be symmetrical with respect to the virtual vertical plane V including the axis AX or symmetrical with respect to the virtual horizontal plane H including the axis AX.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of compression in the axial direction and the load when the collision energy absorbing device 10 shown in FIG. 2 is crushed.
- a solid line shows the load characteristic of the collision energy absorbing device 10 of the first embodiment (Example), and a broken line shows the load characteristic of the collision energy absorbing device without a missing part in the partition plate (comparison).
- Example) A one-dot chain line shows an average load line.
- the initial load peak value can be kept low.
- the load starts to decrease, but the front plate 18 comes into contact with the center projections 15c and 16c. Reduction of load is suppressed. Thereafter, as the crushing progresses, the cross-sectional area where the partition plates 15 and 16 are buckled and deformed gradually increases, so that the collision energy is absorbed while the load fluctuation is suppressed.
- the load peak value at the initial stage of the collision is suppressed as compared with the case of the comparative example, and the deviation from the average load line between the maximum value and the minimum value of the load is small. Energy absorption efficiency is also increased.
- the missing portions M1 and M2 are formed in the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16 in the internal space S surrounded by the outer plates 11 to 14, and the outer shape of the outer cylinder 20 is vertical and Since it has a symmetrical shape in the horizontal direction, the outer plates 11 to 14 are easily collapsed in a stable posture at the time of collision. If the outer plates 11 to 14 constituting the outer cylinder 20 are crushed in a stable posture, the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16 fixed to the outer plates 11 to 14 are also maintained in a stable posture. The vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16 having M1 and M2 can also be buckled and deformed in a stable posture.
- the outer plates 11 to 14 separated from the axis AX are crushed in a stable posture, even if a load in a direction deviating from the axial direction is generated in the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16 having the missing portions M1 and M2. Since the missing portions M1 and M2 are closer to the axis AX than the outer plates 11 to 14, the moment load in the pitching direction and the yaw direction generated during the crushing of the collision energy absorbing device 10 can be suppressed. Further, since the rear end of the outer cylinder 20 has a vertically long shape and the front end of the outer cylinder 20 has a horizontally long shape, the moment load in the pitching direction and the moment load in the yaw direction can be suppressed with a good balance.
- the missing portions M1 and M2 have a shape that gradually increases the area of the cross section as the cutting position of the cross section perpendicular to the axis AX of the partition plates 15 and 16 moves from the front to the back, thereby suppressing load fluctuations associated with the stroke. As a result, the collision energy absorption capability is improved.
- the length L1 in the vehicle longitudinal direction of the missing part M1 of the vertical partition plate 15 and the length L2 in the vehicle longitudinal direction of the missing part M2 of the horizontal partition plate 16 are different, the load during the crushing of the collision energy absorbing device 10 Variation can be further suppressed.
- the missing portions M1 and M2 are symmetrical with respect to the virtual vertical plane V including the axis AX and symmetrical with respect to the virtual horizontal plane H including the axis AX. Stabilization can be promoted. Further, since the central convex portions 15c and 16c are arranged at the intersecting position of the vertical partition plate 15 and the horizontal partition plate 16, the impact generated in the central convex portions 15c and 16c is received in three dimensions at the intersecting portion, and appropriate Buckling deformation can be promoted.
- the front plate 18 has a shape in which the center portion 18a in the vehicle width direction projects forward from the end portions 18b on both sides in the vehicle width direction, the peak load at the initial stage of the collision can be further reduced.
- the rear plate 17 closes the opening at the rear end of the outer cylinder 20 and the front plate 18 closes the opening at the front end of the outer cylinder 20, the appearance design of the collision energy absorbing device 10 is improved.
- the rear plate 17 and the front plate 18 are liquid-tightly joined to the outer cylinder 20, it is difficult for rainwater to enter the internal space S and rusting can be prevented.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the collision energy absorbing device 110 according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the collision energy absorbing device 110 shown in FIG. 6, and shows the outer cylinder 120 with phantom lines.
- a plurality of outer plates 111 to 114 are combined with each other via a vertical partition plate 15 and a horizontal partition plate 116 to form an outer cylinder. 120 is configured.
- the side end portion 116 a of the horizontal partition plate 116 is spaced rearward from the front ends of the outer plates 111 to 114 and the front plate 18.
- the entire horizontal partition plate 116 is spaced rearward from the front plate 18, and a missing portion M 12 is formed between the horizontal partition plate 116 and the front plate 18. Therefore, the left and right slots SL12 formed by the outer plates 111 to 114 are spaced rearward from the front ends of the outer plates 111 to 114.
- the front end of the horizontal partition plate 116 is formed in a W shape.
- the forward protruding amount of the side convex portion 116b of the horizontal partition plate 116 is smaller than the forward protruding amount of the central convex portion 116c.
- the front end of the side convex portion 116b is located behind the front end of the central convex portion 116c. In other words, the front end of the side convex portion 116b of the horizontal partition plate 116 is different in position in the vehicle longitudinal direction from any of the convex portions 15b and 15c of the vertical partition plate 15 (see FIG. 4A).
- the load peak value at the initial stage of the collision can be further reduced, and the load fluctuation during the collapse of the collision energy absorbing device 110 can be suitably suppressed.
- the entire lateral partition plate 116 may be spaced forward from the rear plate 17 to form a missing portion with the rear plate 17. Further, instead of the horizontal partition plate 116, the entire vertical partition plate 15 may be separated from the rear plate 17 or the front plate 18.
- FIG. 8A is a vertical cross-sectional view of the collision energy absorbing device 210 according to the third embodiment, and is a view showing the outer cylinder 20 by an imaginary line
- FIG. 8B is a horizontal cross-sectional view thereof.
- the missing part M21 is a vertical partition plate so that the front end of the vertical partition plate 215 is W-shaped. 215 is formed by cutting out the front part, and the missing part M22 is formed by cutting out the front part of the horizontal partition plate 216 so that the front end of the horizontal partition plate 216 is U-shaped.
- the last end of the missing part M21 is located behind the last end of the missing part M22.
- the central convex portion 215 c of the vertical partition plate 215 is disposed at the intersection between the vertical partition plate 215 and the horizontal partition plate 216.
- the front end position of the vertical partition plate 215 and the front end position of the horizontal partition plate 216 are the same in the axis AX direction. According to such a configuration, the load peak value at the initial stage of the collision can be further reduced, and the collision energy absorption capability can be improved.
- FIG. 9A is a vertical sectional view of the collision energy absorbing device 310 according to the fourth embodiment, and is a diagram showing the outer cylinder 20 in phantom lines
- FIG. 9B is a horizontal sectional view thereof.
- the missing portions M31 and M32 are provided on the rear side of the vertical partition plate 315 and the horizontal partition plate 316, respectively. It has been.
- the missing portions M31 and M32 have a shape that gradually reduces the area of the cross section as the cutting position of the cross section perpendicular to the axis AX of the vertical partition plate 315 and the horizontal partition plate 316 moves from the front to the back.
- the missing portions M31 and M32 are formed by notching the rear portion of the vertical partition plate 315 and the rear portion of the horizontal partition plate 316 so that the rear end of the vertical partition plate 315 and the rear end of the horizontal partition plate 316 are W-shaped.
- the rear end portion of the outer cylinder 20 is buckled and deformed in the initial stage of the collision, and the contact range with the rear plate 17 is expanded. Therefore, the attitude of the collision energy absorbing device 310 is easily stabilized from the initial stage of the collision. .
- FIG. 10A is a vertical cross-sectional view of the collision energy absorbing device 410 according to the fifth embodiment, and is a view showing the outer cylinder 20 by an imaginary line
- FIG. 10B is a horizontal cross-sectional view thereof.
- the missing portions M41a to M41d are holes formed in the vertical partition plate 415
- M42e are holes formed in the horizontal partition plate 416.
- the number of missing portions M41a to M41d of the vertical partition plate 415 is smaller than the number of missing portions M42a to M42e of the horizontal partition plate 416.
- the missing portions M41a to M41d of the vertical partition plate 415 and the missing portions M42a to M42e of the horizontal partition plate 416 are formed so that the hole area gradually decreases from the front to the rear.
- the missing portions M41a to 41d and M42a to M42e are arranged symmetrically with respect to the virtual horizontal plane including the axis AX and symmetrically with respect to the virtual vertical plane including the axis AX.
- the missing portions M41a to 41d and M42a to M42e are provided at positions away from the axis AX.
- the positions of the missing portions M41a to 41d of the vertical partition plate 415 and the missing portions M42a to M42e of the horizontal partition plate 416 are shifted from each other in the axis AX direction.
- the total area of the missing portions M41a to 41d of the vertical partition plate 415 is smaller than the total area of the missing portions M42a to M42e of the horizontal partition plate 416.
- the overall length in the vehicle longitudinal direction of the missing portions M41a to 41d of the vertical partition plate 415 and the overall length in the vehicle longitudinal direction of the missing portions M42a to M42e of the horizontal partition plate 416 are different from each other. According to such a configuration, the required load characteristics can be easily realized by adjusting the distribution of the hole-like missing portions M41a to 41d and M42a to M42e at the time of designing.
- FIG. 11A is a vertical cross-sectional view of the collision energy absorbing device 510 according to the sixth embodiment, and is a view showing the outer cylinder 20 in phantom lines
- FIG. 11B is a horizontal cross-sectional view thereof.
- the missing portions M51a and M52a are provided on the rear side of the vertical partition plate 515 and the horizontal partition plate 516, respectively.
- the missing portions M51b and M52b are formed as holes in the vertical partition plate 515 and the horizontal partition plate 516, respectively.
- the missing portions M51a and M52a are formed by notching the rear portion of the vertical partition plate 515 and the rear portion of the horizontal partition plate 516 so that the rear end of the vertical partition plate 515 and the rear end of the horizontal partition plate 516 are W-shaped. Has been.
- the missing portions M51b and M52b overlap the axis AX and are arranged on the rear side of the center of the vertical partition plate 515 and the horizontal partition plate 516 in the axis AX direction. That is, the hole-like missing portions M51b and M52b are disposed in the vicinity of the central convex portions 515c and 516c of the vertical partition plate 515 and the horizontal partition plate 516. According to such a configuration, the required load characteristics can be easily realized by adjusting the positions of the hole-like missing portions M51b and M52b with respect to the missing portions M51a and M52a at the time of design.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the configuration can be changed, added, or deleted.
- the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined with each other, and a part of the configuration in one embodiment may be applied to other embodiments.
- the configuration of the vertical partition plate and the configuration of the horizontal partition plate in each embodiment described above may be interchanged.
- the drain hole may be formed in the bottom wall of the outer cylinder while making the outer shape of the outer cylinder symmetrical with respect to the virtual horizontal plane and the virtual vertical line.
- the rear end of the outer cylinder may have a horizontally long shape, and the front end of the outer cylinder may have a vertically long shape.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and there may be two or more vertical partition plates or horizontal partition plates.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、第1実施形態に係る鉄道車両1の車体2の先頭部分2aの側面図である。図1に示すように、鉄道車両1は、車体2と、車体2を支持する台車3とを備える。車体2の先頭部分2aの前部には、衝突エネルギー吸収装置10が前方に向けて突出した状態で固定されている。これにより、同一線路上を走行する車両同士が正面衝突した場合又は障害物に衝突した場合には、衝突エネルギー吸収装置10が前方からの荷重で圧壊して衝突エネルギーが吸収される。
図6は、第2実施形態に係る衝突エネルギー吸収装置110の斜視図である。図7は、図6に示す衝突エネルギー吸収装置110の水平断面図であって、外筒120を仮想線で示した図である。図6及び図7に示すように、第2実施形態の衝突エネルギー吸収装置110では、複数の外板111~114が、縦仕切板15及び横仕切板116を介して、互いに組み合わされて外筒120を構成する。横仕切板116の側端部116aは、外板111~114の前端及び前板18から後方に離間している。即ち、横仕切板116の全体が、前板18から後方に離間し、横仕切板116と前板18との間に欠落部M12を形成している。そのため、外板111~114により形成された左側及び右側のスロットSL12は、外板111~114の前端よりも後方に離間している。
図8(a)は、第3実施形態に係る衝突エネルギー吸収装置210の鉛直断面図であって、外筒20を仮想線で示した図、図8(b)は、その水平断面図である。図8(a)及び図8(b)に示すように、第3実施形態の衝突エネルギー吸収装置210では、欠落部M21は、縦仕切板215の前端がW字状になるように縦仕切板215の前部を切り欠くことで形成され、欠落部M22は、横仕切板216の前端がU字状になるように横仕切板216の前部を切り欠くことで形成されている。欠落部M21の最後端は、欠落部M22の最後端よりも後方に位置する。縦仕切板215の中央凸部215cは、縦仕切板215と横仕切板216との交差位置に配置されている。縦仕切板215と横仕切板216との交差位置では、軸線AX方向において、縦仕切板215の前端位置と横仕切板216の前端位置とが互いに同じである。このような構成によれば、衝突初期の荷重ピーク値を更に低減できるとともに、衝突エネルギー吸収能力を向上させることできる。
図9(a)は、第4実施形態に係る衝突エネルギー吸収装置310の鉛直断面図であって、外筒20を仮想線で示した図、図9(b)は、その水平断面図である。図9(a)及び図9(b)に示すように、第4実施形態の衝突エネルギー吸収装置310では、欠落部M31,M32が、それぞれ縦仕切板315及び横仕切板316の後側に設けられている。欠落部M31,M32は、縦仕切板315及び横仕切板316の軸線AXに直交する断面の切断位置が前から後にいくにつれて当該断面の面積を漸減させる形状を有する。欠落部M31,M32は、縦仕切板315の後端及び横仕切板316の後端がW字状になるように縦仕切板315の後部及び横仕切板316の後部をそれぞれ切り欠くことで形成されている。このような構成によれば、衝突初期に外筒20の後端部が座屈変形して後板17との接触範囲が拡がるので、衝突初期から衝突エネルギー吸収装置310の姿勢が安定し易くなる。
図10(a)は、第5実施形態に係る衝突エネルギー吸収装置410の鉛直断面図であって、外筒20を仮想線で示した図、図10(b)は、その水平断面図である。図10(a)及び図10(b)に示すように、第5実施形態の衝突エネルギー吸収装置410では、欠落部M41a~M41dは、縦仕切板415に形成された孔であり、欠落部M42a~M42eは、横仕切板416に形成された孔である。縦仕切板415の欠落部M41a~M41dの数は、横仕切板416の欠落部M42a~M42eの数よりも少ない。縦仕切板415の欠落部M41a~M41d及び横仕切板416の欠落部M42a~M42eは、それぞれ前から後にいくにつれて徐々に孔面積が小さくなるように形成されている。各欠落部M41a~41d,M42a~M42eは、軸線AXを含む仮想水平面を基準として対称で且つ軸線AXを含む仮想鉛直面を基準として対称に配置されている。
図11(a)は、第6実施形態に係る衝突エネルギー吸収装置510の鉛直断面図であって、外筒20を仮想線で示した図、図11(b)は、その水平断面図である。図11(a)及び図11(b)に示すように、第6実施形態の衝突エネルギー吸収装置510では、欠落部M51a,M52aが、それぞれ縦仕切板515及び横仕切板516の後側に設けられ、かつ、欠落部M51b,M52bが、縦仕切板515及び横仕切板516にそれぞれ孔として形成されている。欠落部M51a,M52aは、縦仕切板515の後端及び横仕切板516の後端がW字状になるように縦仕切板515の後部及び横仕切板516の後部をそれぞれ切り欠くことで形成されている。
10,110,210,310,410,510 衝突エネルギー吸収装置
11~14,111~114 外板
15,215,315,415,515 縦仕切板
15c,215c,515c 中央凸部
15d 凹部
16,116,216,316,416,516 横仕切板
16c,116c,516c 中央凸部
16d 凹部
17 後板
18 前板
20,120 外筒
AX 軸線
H 仮想水平面
M1,M2,M12,M21,M22,M31,M32,M41a~41d,M42a~M42e,M51a,M51b,M52a,M52b 欠落部
S 内部空間
V 仮想鉛直面
Claims (7)
- 車両長手方向に延びる軸線を有する外筒を構成する外板と、
前記外板に囲まれた内部空間で前記車両長手方向に延び、前記外板に固定されて前記内部空間を仕切る少なくとも1つの仕切板と、を備え、
前記外筒の外形は、前記軸線を含む仮想水平面を基準として対称な形状を有し、
前記少なくとも1つの仕切板は、前記内部空間において欠落部を有する、鉄道車両の衝突エネルギー吸収装置。 - 前記欠落部は、前記仕切板の前記軸線に直交する断面の切断位置が前から後にいくにつれて当該断面の面積を増加又は減少させる形状を有する、請求項1に記載の鉄道車両の衝突エネルギー吸収装置。
- 前記欠落部は、前記軸線を含む仮想水平面、又は、前記軸線を含む仮想鉛直面を基準として対称な形状を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の鉄道車両の衝突エネルギー吸収装置。
- 前記外筒の前端に対向する前板と、
前記外筒の後端に対向する後板と、を更に備え、
前記前板は、前記外筒の前端の開口を閉じ、前記後板は、前記外筒の後端の開口を閉じている、請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の鉄道車両の衝突エネルギー吸収装置。 - 前記外筒の前端に対向する前板を更に備え、
前記前板は、その車幅方向の中央部がその車幅方向両側の端部よりも前方に突出する形状を有する、請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の鉄道車両の衝突エネルギー吸収装置。 - 前記少なくとも1つの仕切板は、縦仕切板と、前記縦仕切板に交差する横仕切板とを含み、
前記縦仕切板又は前記横仕切板のうち少なくとも一方の仕切板の前記欠落部は、前記少なくとも一方の仕切板の前記車両長手方向の端部に形成され、
前記端部は、前記車両長手方向に窪んだ凹部と、前記車両長手方向に突出した凸部と有し、
前記凸部は、前記縦仕切板と前記横仕切板との交差位置に配置されている、請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の鉄道車両の衝突エネルギー吸収装置。 - 前記外筒の後端の鉛直方向の長さは、前記外筒の後端の水平方向の長さよりも大きく、前記外筒の前端の鉛直方向の長さは、前記外筒の前端の水平方向の長さよりも小さい、請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載の鉄道車両の衝突エネルギー吸収装置。
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US15/580,411 US10493932B2 (en) | 2015-08-04 | 2016-06-07 | Collision energy absorbing device of railcar |
CN201680036618.0A CN107709131B (zh) | 2015-08-04 | 2016-06-07 | 铁道车辆的冲撞能量吸收装置 |
SG11201709333PA SG11201709333PA (en) | 2015-08-04 | 2016-06-07 | Collision energy absorbing device of railcar |
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CN107709131B (zh) | 2019-08-30 |
CN107709131A (zh) | 2018-02-16 |
US10493932B2 (en) | 2019-12-03 |
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TW201718303A (zh) | 2017-06-01 |
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