WO2017020697A1 - 一种后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置及施工方法 - Google Patents

一种后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置及施工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017020697A1
WO2017020697A1 PCT/CN2016/090331 CN2016090331W WO2017020697A1 WO 2017020697 A1 WO2017020697 A1 WO 2017020697A1 CN 2016090331 W CN2016090331 W CN 2016090331W WO 2017020697 A1 WO2017020697 A1 WO 2017020697A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pile
sleeve
wind turbine
offshore wind
turbine foundation
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PCT/CN2016/090331
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱荣华
田振亚
Original Assignee
广东明阳风电产业集团有限公司
浙江华蕴海洋工程技术服务有限公司
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Application filed by 广东明阳风电产业集团有限公司, 浙江华蕴海洋工程技术服务有限公司 filed Critical 广东明阳风电产业集团有限公司
Priority to US15/750,277 priority Critical patent/US10253475B2/en
Publication of WO2017020697A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017020697A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E02D27/425—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
    • E02D5/28—Prefabricated piles made of steel or other metals
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/60—Piles with protecting cases

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind turbine foundation construction, in particular to a construction device and a construction method for a post-piling offshore wind turbine foundation.
  • the construction of offshore wind turbine foundation is divided into two construction schemes: first piling and post piling.
  • the piling installation plan generally first drives the steel pipe pile into the seabed, then inserts the pile legs of the offshore wind turbine foundation into the steel pile, and then grouts the connection operation;
  • the post piling offshore wind turbine foundation is a traditional offshore wind turbine foundation scheme, which is at sea.
  • the bottom end of the fan foundation is designed with several pile casings for the construction of the inserted pile.
  • the traditional construction method is: first place the offshore wind turbine foundation on the seabed, then insert the steel from the pile casing. Pile to design depth, then leveling and grouting underwater.
  • the present invention provides a construction apparatus for a post piling offshore wind turbine foundation, which aims to improve the above problems, and does not require underwater leveling and underwater grouting work.
  • the present invention is implemented as follows:
  • a construction device for a post-piling offshore wind turbine foundation comprising an offshore wind turbine foundation, a pile casing and a sleeve, the pile casing being used for installing a steel pile, the pile casing being disposed at a bottom of the offshore wind turbine foundation, A lower end of the sleeve is detachably coupled to an upper end of the pile sleeve.
  • the pile sleeve comprises a pile casing grouting section vertical pipe, a pile casing inner platform and a pile casing upper end casing, a lower end of the pile casing upper end sleeve and the pile sleeve grouting section vertical pipe
  • the upper end is connected by the inner platform of the pile sleeve, and the upper end of the upper sleeve of the pile sleeve is detachably connected to the lower end of the sleeve.
  • the dry grouting connection is facilitated by setting the platform inside the pile casing.
  • leveling device for leveling the offshore wind turbine foundation, the leveling device being disposed in the pile sleeve;
  • the leveling device comprises a jack and a leveling support plate, the leveling support plate is disposed at a top end of the steel pile, and the jack is disposed between the leveling support plate and the platform inside the pile casing.
  • the construction personnel can easily carry out the dry leveling operation, ensuring that the leveling of the offshore wind turbine foundation does not require personnel to operate underwater, and is safe and reliable.
  • an upper portion of the pile sleeve is connected to the offshore wind turbine foundation through a connection bottom plate, and a lower portion of the pile sleeve is connected with the offshore wind turbine foundation through a connecting horizontal plate, and an outer side wall of the pile sleeve is
  • the offshore wind turbine foundation is connected by connecting risers.
  • the connecting bottom plate, the connecting transverse plate and the connecting vertical plate enable the pile sleeve to be fixedly connected to the offshore wind turbine foundation very stably.
  • the lower end of the pile sleeve is flush with or protrudes from the connection bottom plate.
  • the lower end of the pile sleeve is flush with the joint bottom plate or protrudes from the joint bottom plate, and the excess portion can be placed on the seabed or inserted into the seabed sand layer, thereby improving the sealing performance of the pile sleeve and the sleeve.
  • an upper end of the sleeve is mounted with a temporary platform, and the temporary platform is connected to the offshore wind turbine foundation.
  • the temporary platform is not only the pedestrian passage between the platform and the sleeve of the offshore wind turbine, but also the support structure of the stable sleeve, and can be used as a placement platform for rock-inserted or other construction equipment.
  • the present invention also provides a construction method for a post piling offshore wind turbine foundation to improve the above problems.
  • the method applies the construction device of any of the above-mentioned post piling offshore wind turbine foundations, the method comprising:
  • the method further includes a leveling method for leveling the offshore wind turbine foundation, the leveling method applying a leveling device, the leveling device comprising a jack and a leveling support plate, wherein the leveling support plate is disposed at the a top end of the steel pile, the pile sleeve is disposed in the pile sleeve inner platform, and the jack is disposed between the leveling support plate and the platform inside the pile sleeve;
  • the leveling method includes:
  • the constructor descends from the sleeve to the platform inside the pile casing, and the constructor places the jack between the leveling support plate and the platform inside the pile casing, and the jack is pressed against the leveling Supporting the plate, thereby lifting the steel pile, pressing down the offshore wind turbine foundation to level the offshore wind turbine foundation.
  • the construction personnel can conveniently carry out the dry leveling operation to ensure that the leveling of the offshore wind turbine foundation does not require personnel to operate underwater, which is safe and reliable.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the construction device of the post piling offshore wind turbine foundation obtained by the above design is firstly hoisted to the pile sleeve of the offshore wind turbine foundation, and the sleeve and the pile sleeve are connected. Place the offshore wind turbine foundation with the sleeve on the seabed surface, place the steel pipe at the lower end of the pile casing on the seabed or insert the seabed soil, place the steel pile in the pile casing, and put the pile hammer on the pile until the drive is made.
  • the seawater and sediment are extracted, and after the offshore wind turbine foundation is leveled, the welded joint, the grouting connection or both of the pile casing and the steel pile are simultaneously implemented, and then the sleeve is removed, that is, the construction is completed.
  • the construction device and the construction method of the post piling offshore wind turbine foundation ensure the leveling of the offshore wind turbine foundation and the foundation connection work of the steel pile and the offshore wind turbine without the need for personnel to work underwater, by completely increasing the sleeve for temporary construction. Law work, safe and reliable.
  • the traditional wet operation is transformed into a dry operation, and the construction personnel monitor the pile casing platform in real time, and the construction precision is easy to control.
  • the rockwork construction dry operation can be facilitated.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a construction device for a post piling offshore wind turbine foundation according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the construction device of the post piling offshore wind turbine foundation provided by the first embodiment of the present invention after removing the sleeve;
  • FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the construction device of the post piling offshore wind turbine foundation provided in the first embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a connection structure between a construction device sleeve and a pile sleeve of a piling offshore wind turbine foundation according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view of the construction apparatus of the post piling offshore wind turbine foundation according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in Fig. 4B.
  • Pile sleeve 2 connection bottom plate 21; connection riser 22; connection transverse plate 23; pile casing grouting section vertical pipe 24; pile casing inner platform 25; pile casing upper end casing 26;
  • the construction device for the post piling offshore wind turbine foundation provided by the embodiment includes an offshore wind turbine foundation 1 , a pile bushing 2 and a sleeve 3 , and the pile bushing 2 is used for installing steel pile 4 , and the pile sleeve
  • the tube 2 is disposed at the bottom of the offshore wind turbine foundation 1, and the lower end of the sleeve 3 is detachably connected to the upper end of the pile sleeve 2 by bolts.
  • the offshore wind turbine foundation 1 may be an offshore wind turbine jacket foundation, an offshore wind turbine underwater three-pile foundation or a multi-pile foundation.
  • the pile sleeve 2 is an existing structure and is a structure for inserting piles connected to the offshore wind turbine foundation 1. Further, the position at which the pile casing 2 is mounted to the offshore wind turbine foundation 1 is conventional, and is usually installed at the bottom of the offshore wind turbine foundation 1.
  • the number of the pile sleeves 2 is not particularly limited and may be plural. In the present embodiment, the pile sleeves 2 are four.
  • the construction device for the post piling offshore wind turbine foundation provided by the embodiment is used, firstly, the sleeve 3 is hoisted to the pile casing 2 of the offshore wind turbine foundation 1, and the sleeve 3 and the pile casing 2 are connected, and the belt is The offshore fan foundation 1 with the sleeve 3 is placed on the seabed surface, the steel pipe at the lower end of the pile casing 2 is placed on the seabed or inserted into the seabed soil, the steel pile 4 is placed in the pile casing 2, and the pile hammer is put on the pile.
  • the pile casing 2 and the steel pile 4 are welded, grouted or both, and then moved. Except for the sleeve 3, the construction can be completed.
  • the construction device for the post-piling offshore wind turbine foundation provides a leveling of the offshore wind turbine foundation 1 and the connection of the steel pile 4 and the offshore wind turbine foundation 1 without the need for personnel to operate underwater. Dry operation is safe and reliable. The traditional wet operation is transformed into a dry operation, and the construction personnel monitor the platform of the pile casing 2 in real time, and the construction precision is easy to control. Moreover, the rockwork construction dry operation can be facilitated.
  • the sleeve 3 is a temporary tooling, which can be removed and reused after the foundation construction is completed.
  • the pile sleeve 2 includes a pile casing grouting section riser 24, a pile casing inner platform 25 and a pile casing upper end sleeve 26, and the lower end of the pile casing upper end sleeve 26 and the pile casing grouting
  • the upper end of the section riser 24 is connected by a pile sleeve inner platform 25, and the upper end of the pile sleeve upper end sleeve 26 is detachably connected to the lower end of the sleeve 3.
  • the dry grouting connection work is facilitated by providing the platform 25 within the pile casing.
  • the bottom end of the pile casing 2 is water-stopped, and there are mainly two measures: a) the rubber water stop ring is pre-installed at the bottom end position of the inner wall of the pile sleeve 2, and the rubber water stop ring is formed after the steel pile 4 is driven to form a water stop. Sealed; b) The bottom end of the pile sleeve 2 is inserted into the seabed soil to stop the water.
  • a rubber water stop is mounted on the lower end of the inner wall of the pile sleeve 2.
  • the rubber water stop ring is pre-installed at the lower end position of the inner wall of the pile sleeve 2, and the steel pile 4 is pressed into the rubber water stop ring to form a water stop seal.
  • the upper part of the pile sleeve 2 is connected to the offshore wind turbine foundation 1 through the connection bottom plate 21, and the lower part of the pile sleeve 2 is connected with the offshore wind turbine foundation 1 through the connecting transverse plate 23, and the outer side wall of the pile casing 2 and the offshore wind turbine
  • the foundation 1 is connected by a connection riser 22, and the lower end of the pile sleeve 2 is flush with or protrudes from the connection bottom plate 21.
  • connection floor 21, the connecting transverse plate 23 and the connecting riser 22, the pile sleeve 2 can be fixedly connected to the offshore wind turbine foundation 1 very firmly.
  • the lower end of the pile sleeve 2 is flush with the joint bottom plate 21 or protrudes from the joint bottom plate 21, and the excess portion can be placed on the seabed or inserted into the seabed sand layer, thereby improving the sealing performance of the pile sleeve 2 and the sleeve 3.
  • the construction device of the post piling offshore wind turbine foundation further includes a leveling device for leveling the offshore wind turbine foundation 1, and the leveling device is disposed in the pile casing 2.
  • the leveling device includes a jack 5 and a leveling support plate 41.
  • the leveling support plate 41 is disposed at the top end of the steel pile 4, and the jack 5 is disposed between the leveling support plate 41 and the pile sleeve inner platform 25.
  • leveling The basic idea of leveling is that the jack 5 is placed on the platform 25 of the pile casing, and the sea fan foundation 1 is leveled down by the jacking steel pile 4.
  • the top end of the steel pile 4 is welded to the leveling support plate 41, and the bottom end of the jack 5 is placed on the pile tube grouting section vertical pipe 24 and the pile casing inner platform 25, and the top end of the jack 5 supports the leveling support plate 41 at the upper end of the steel pile 4.
  • the pile sleeve 2 and the steel pile 4 can be welded and then grouted.
  • the construction personnel can easily carry out the dry leveling operation, and ensure that the leveling of the offshore wind turbine foundation 1 does not require personnel to operate underwater, and is safe and reliable.
  • the upper end of the sleeve 3 is mounted with a temporary platform 31, and the temporary platform 31 is connected to the offshore wind turbine foundation 1.
  • the temporary platform 31 is both a pedestrian passage between the platform of the offshore wind turbine foundation 1 and the sleeve 3, and is also a support structure for the stable sleeve 3, and can be used as a placement platform for rock-embedded or other construction equipment.
  • the ladder 3 can be installed in the sleeve 3 according to actual needs, so that the construction personnel can enter and exit the sleeve 3 for construction.
  • the connection between the sleeve 3 and the offshore fan foundation 1 can also increase the horizontal connection and the bracing according to actual needs.
  • the steel pile 4 is inserted into the pile casing 2, and the steel pile 4 is driven into the design elevation by the feed pile pipe 6, and is close to the upper end of the pile casing 2.
  • connection structure 31 for the connection structure which is both a support structure and a passage and can be used as a placement platform for other construction equipment.
  • connection between the steel pile 4 and the pile casing 2 can be grouted and the welding can be increased, which fully ensures the strength and safety of the connection.
  • the device can realize the dry operation of rock-socketing construction.
  • the present embodiment provides a construction method for a post-piling offshore wind turbine foundation.
  • the method applies the construction device of the post piling offshore wind turbine foundation provided by the first embodiment, and the method includes:
  • the sleeve 3 is connected to the upper end of the pile sleeve 2;
  • the steel pile 4 is placed inside the pile casing 2, and the pile hammer is piled up until it is driven into the pile casing 2 to a designated design elevation;
  • the embodiment provides a construction method for a post-piling offshore wind turbine foundation.
  • the difference between the construction method and the second embodiment is as follows:
  • the construction method provided by the embodiment further includes a leveling method for leveling the offshore wind turbine foundation 1, the leveling method applying a leveling device, the leveling device comprising a jack 5 and a leveling support plate 41, leveling the support plate 41 is disposed at the top end of the steel pile 4, and the pile sleeve 2 is provided with a pile sleeve inner platform 25, and the jack 5 is disposed between the leveling support plate 41 and the pile sleeve inner platform 25.
  • the leveling method includes:
  • the construction personnel goes from the sleeve 3 to the platform 25 in the pile casing, and the construction personnel places the jack 5 between the leveling support plate 41 and the platform 25 inside the pile casing, and jacks the leveling support plate 41 through the jack 5, thereby lifting the steel.
  • Pile 4 pressing down the offshore wind turbine foundation 1 to level the offshore wind turbine foundation 1.
  • the construction personnel can conveniently carry out the dry leveling operation to ensure that the leveling of the offshore wind turbine foundation 1 does not require personnel to operate underwater, and is safe and reliable.
  • the embodiment provides a construction method for a post piling offshore wind turbine foundation.
  • the construction method applies the construction device of the post piling offshore wind turbine foundation provided by the first embodiment, and the specific steps of the construction method as follows:
  • the steel pile 4 pile end and the pile sleeve 2 may be welded and fixed according to the need, and then the pile sleeve 2 and the steel pile 4 are grouted and connected;
  • rock-embedded operation is carried out.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” and “second” may include one or more of the features either explicitly or implicitly.
  • the meaning of "a plurality” is two or more unless specifically and specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms "installation”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like shall be understood broadly, and may be either a fixed connection or a detachable, unless otherwise explicitly defined and defined. Unconnected, or integrated; can be mechanically connected or electrically connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, which can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • the first feature "on” or “under” the second feature may include direct contact of the first and second features, and may also include first and second features, unless otherwise specifically defined and defined. It is not in direct contact but through additional features between them.
  • the first feature "above”, “above” and “above” the second feature includes the first feature directly above and above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature level is higher than the second feature.
  • the first feature “below”, “below” and “below” the second feature includes the first feature directly below and below the second feature, or merely the first feature level being less than the second feature.

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Abstract

一种后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，包括海上风机基础（1）、桩套管（2）以及套筒（3），桩套管（2）用于安装钢桩（4），桩套管（2）设置于海上风机基础（1）的底部，套筒（3）的下端与桩套管（2）的上端可拆卸连接。还提供了一种后打桩海上风机基础的施工方法。

Description

一种后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置及施工方法 技术领域
本发明涉及海上风机基础施工技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置及施工方法。
背景技术
现目前海上风机基础的施工分为先打桩和后打桩两种施工方案。先打桩安装方案一般先将钢管桩打入海底，再将海上风机基础的桩腿插入钢桩，再进行灌浆连接作业；后打桩海上风机基础是一种传统的海上风机基础方案，其在海上风机基础的底端设计了插桩施工的若干桩套管，对于该类带桩套管的海上风机基础，传统施工方法为：先将海上风机基础置于海底，然后从桩套管中插入钢桩至设计深度，然后进行水下调平和灌浆。该方案中水下调平和水下灌浆需要水下机器人或者潜水员下水作业，难度较大；尤其中国的大多数海域淤泥较厚，海底浑浊，水下调平和水下灌浆难度更大。同时该传统施工方案对于海底岩石地质，水下嵌岩桩施工非常困难，必须要借助非常先进的设备。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，旨在改善上述问题，可以不需要水下调平和水下灌浆工作。
本发明是这样实现的：
一种后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，包括海上风机基础、桩套管以及套筒，所述桩套管用于安装钢桩，所述桩套管设置于所述海上风机基础的底部，所述套筒的下端与所述桩套管的上端可拆卸连接。
进一步地，所述桩套管包括桩套管灌浆段竖管、桩套管内平台和桩套管上端套管，所述桩套管上端套管的下端与所述桩套管灌浆段竖管的上端通过所述桩套管内平台连接，所述桩套管上端套管的上端与所述套筒的下端可拆卸连接。通过设置桩套管内平台，便于进行干法灌浆连接工作。
进一步地，还包括用于对所述海上风机基础进行调平的调平装置，所述调平装置设置于所述桩套管内；
所述调平装置包括千斤顶和调平支撑板，所述调平支撑板设置于所述钢桩的顶端，所述千斤顶设置于所述调平支撑板与所述桩套管内平台之间。
通过设置调平装置，使施工人员能够很方便地进行干法调平作业，保证海上风机基础的调平无需人员水下作业，安全可靠。
进一步地，所述桩套管的上部与所述海上风机基础通过连接底板连接，所述桩套管的下部与所述海上风机基础通过连接横板连接，所述桩套管的外侧壁与所述海上风机基础通过连接竖板连接。
采用连接底板、连接横板以及连接竖板，使桩套管能够非常稳固地与所述海上风机基础固定连接。
进一步地，所述桩套管的下端与所述连接底板平齐或凸出于所述连接底板。桩套管的下端与连接底板平齐或凸出于连接底板，超出部分可置于海床或者插入海床砂土层，从而提升桩套管与套筒的密封性能。
进一步地，所述套筒的上端安装有临时平台，所述临时平台与所述海上风机基础连接。
临时平台既是海上风机基础的平台和套筒之间的人行通道，也是稳定套筒的支撑结构，且可以用作嵌岩或其他施工设备的安置平台。
本发明还提供了一种后打桩海上风机基础的施工方法，以改善上述问题。
该方法应用上述任一后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，该方法包括：
吊装所述海上风机基础前，将所述套筒连接于所述桩套管上端；
将所述海上风机基础放置到海床面，使所述桩套管的底端钢管置于海底或者插入海床泥土；
将所述钢桩置于所述桩套管内部，套上打桩锤打桩，直至打入所述桩套管内到指定设计高程；
打桩工序完成后，抽出所述套筒和所述桩套管内的海水和泥沙；
对所述海上风机基础调平；
对所述桩套管与所述钢桩进行现场焊接连接、灌浆连接或者两者同时实施；
拆除套筒。
进一步地，还包括对所述海上风机基础进行调平的调平方法，该调平方法应用了调平装置，该调平装置包括千斤顶和调平支撑板，所述调平支撑板设置于所述钢桩的顶端，所述桩套管内设置有所述桩套管内平台，所述千斤顶设置于所述调平支撑板与所述桩套管内平台之间；
该调平方法包括：
施工人员从所述套筒下到所述桩套管内平台，施工人员将所述千斤顶放置在所述调平支撑板与所述桩套管内平台之间，通过所述千斤顶顶住所述调平支撑板，从而顶升所述钢桩，向下压所述海上风机基础，使得所述海上风机基础调平。
施工人员能够很方便地进行干法调平作业，保证海上风机基础的调平无需人员水下作业，安全可靠。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明通过上述设计得到的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，使用时，先将套筒吊装至海上风机基础的桩套管处，并将套筒和桩套管连接，将带有套筒的海上风机基础放置到海床面，使桩套管下端钢管置于海床上或者插入海床泥土，将钢桩置于桩套管内，套上打桩锤进行打桩，直至打入桩套管内到指定设计高程，抽出海水和泥沙，海上风机基础调平后，对桩套管与钢桩进行焊接连接、灌浆连接或者两者同时实施，再移除套筒，即完成施工。
本发明提供的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置及施工方法，通过增加临时施工用的套筒，保证海上风机基础的调平及钢桩和海上风机基础连接工作无需人员水下作业，完全采用干法作业，安全可靠。将传统的湿法作业改造成干法作业，施工人员在桩套管平台实时监控，施工精度易控制。并且，可方便嵌岩施工干法作业。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些 实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1是本发明第一实施例提供的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置的结构示意图；
图2是本发明第一实施例提供的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置拆除套筒后的结构示意图；
图3是本发明第一实施例提供的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置在图2中A处的局部放大图；
图4是本发明第一实施例提供的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置套筒与桩套管的连接结构示意图；
图5是本发明第一实施例提供的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置在图4中B处的局部放大图。
图中标记分别为：
海上风机基础1；
桩套管2；连接底板21；连接竖板22；连接横板23；桩套管灌浆段竖管24；桩套管内平台25；桩套管上端套管26；
套筒3；临时平台31；
钢桩4；调平支撑板41；
千斤顶5；
送桩管6。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
第一实施例
请参阅图1和图2，本实施例提供的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，包括海上风机基础1、桩套管2以及套筒3，桩套管2用于安装钢桩4，桩套管2设置于海上风机基础1的底部，套筒3的下端与桩套管2的上端通过螺栓可拆卸连接。
本实施例中，海上风机基础1可以是海上风机导管架基础、海上风机水下三桩基础或多桩基础等。
另外，桩套管2为现有结构，是一种与海上风机基础1相连的用于插桩的结构。并且，桩套管2安装于海上风机基础1的位置为现有技术，通常是安装于海上风机基础1的底部。桩套管2的数量没有具体限定，可以为多个，本实施例中桩套管2为四个。
本实施例提供的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，使用时，先将套筒3吊装至海上风机基础1的桩套管2处，并将套筒3和桩套管2连接，将带 有套筒3的海上风机基础1放置到海床面，使桩套管2下端钢管置于海床上或者插入海床泥土，将钢桩4置于桩套管2内，套上打桩锤进行打桩，直至打入桩套管2内到指定设计高程，抽出海水和泥沙，海上风机基础1调平后，对桩套管2与钢桩4进行焊接连接、灌浆连接或者两者同时实施，再移除套筒3，即可完成施工。
本实施例提供的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，通过增加临时施工用的套筒3，保证海上风机基础1的调平及钢桩4和海上风机基础1连接工作无需人员水下作业，完全采用干法作业，安全可靠。将传统的湿法作业改造成干法作业，施工人员在桩套管2的平台实时监控，施工精度易控制。并且，可方便嵌岩施工干法作业。该套筒3为临时工装，基础施工完成后可拆除并可反复使用。
在上述实施例提供的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置的技术方案的基础上，进一步地：
请参阅图2和图3，桩套管2包括桩套管灌浆段竖管24、桩套管内平台25和桩套管上端套管26，桩套管上端套管26的下端与桩套管灌浆段竖管24的上端通过桩套管内平台25连接，桩套管上端套管26的上端与套筒3的下端可拆卸连接。通过设置桩套管内平台25，便于进行干法灌浆连接工作。
另外，桩套管2底端止水，主要有两种措施：a)桩套管2的内壁底端位置预安装橡胶止水圈，钢桩4打入后挤压橡胶止水圈形成止水密封；b)桩套管2底端钢管部分插入海底泥土止水。
本实施例中，桩套管2的内壁下端安装有橡胶止水圈。桩套管2的内壁下端位置预安装橡胶止水圈，钢桩4打入后挤压橡胶止水圈形成止水密封。
请参阅图3，桩套管2的上部与海上风机基础1通过连接底板21连接，桩套管2的下部与海上风机基础1通过连接横板23连接，桩套管2的外侧壁与海上风机基础1通过连接竖板22连接，桩套管2的下端与连接底板21平齐或凸出于连接底板21。
采用连接底板21、连接横板23以及连接竖板22，使桩套管2能够非常稳固地与海上风机基础1固定连接。桩套管2的下端与连接底板21平齐或凸出于连接底板21，超出部分可置于海床或者插入海床砂土层，从而提升桩套管2与套筒3的密封性能。
另外，请参阅图4和图5，该后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置还包括用于对海上风机基础1进行调平的调平装置，调平装置设置于桩套管2内。调平装置包括千斤顶5和调平支撑板41，调平支撑板41设置于钢桩4的顶端，千斤顶5设置于调平支撑板41与桩套管内平台25之间。
调平的基本思路是：千斤顶5置于桩套管内平台25上，通过顶升钢桩4向下压海上风机基础1调平。钢桩4顶端焊接调平支撑板41，千斤顶5底端放置在桩套管灌浆段竖管24与桩套管内平台25上，千斤顶5顶端支撑钢桩4上端的调平支撑板41。调平后，可以将桩套管2和钢桩4先焊接连接，再灌浆。
通过设置调平装置，使施工人员能够很方便地进行干法调平作业，保证海上风机基础1的调平无需人员水下作业，安全可靠。
请参阅图1，本实施例中，套筒3的上端安装有临时平台31，临时平台31与海上风机基础1连接。临时平台31既是海上风机基础1的平台和套筒3之间的人行通道，也是稳定套筒3的支撑结构，且可以用作嵌岩或其他施工设备的安置平台。
另外，本实施例中，套筒3内根据实际使用需要，可安装爬梯，便于施工人员进出套筒3，以便进行施工。套筒3和海上风机基础1之间的连接根据实际需要，也可以增加水平连接和斜撑。
海上风机基础1安置于海底后，钢桩4插入桩套管2，并通过送桩管6将钢桩4打入到设计高程，并接近于桩套管2上端。
请参阅图1～图5，本实施例提供的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置的优点为：
1)通过增加临时施工的套筒3，采用套筒3排水后干法作业，保证海上风机基础1的调平及灌浆连接工作无需人员水下作业，完全采用干法作业，安全可靠。
2)于传统的桩套管2的基础上，优化改造，设计了插入泥土止水的下端钢管和与套筒3连接的上端结构。
3)套筒3上端和海上风机基础1的平台的连接，增加了连接结构临时平台31，既是支撑结构，又是通道且可作为其他施工设备的安置平台。
4)将传统的湿法灌浆改造成干法灌浆，施工人员在桩套管内平台25实时监控，施工精度易控制。
5)钢桩4和桩套管2的连接，可以采用灌浆并可以增加焊接，充分保证了连接的强度和安全。
6)套筒3和桩套管2连接的止水结构，大大提高了密封止水性能。
7)该装置能够实现嵌岩施工干法作业。
第二实施例
请参阅图1～图5，本实施例提供了一种后打桩海上风机基础的施工方法，该方法应用第一实施例提供的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，该方法包括：
在吊装海上风机基础1前，将套筒3连接于桩套管2上端；
将海上风机基础1放置到海床面，使桩套管2的底端钢管置于海底或者插入海床泥土；
将钢桩4置于桩套管2内部，套上打桩锤打桩，直至打入桩套管2内到指定设计高程；
打桩工序完成后，抽出套筒3和桩套管2内的海水和泥沙；
对海上风机基础1调平；
对桩套管2与钢桩4进行现场焊接连接、灌浆连接或者两者同时实施；
拆除套筒3。
第三实施例
请参阅图1～图5，本实施例提供了一种后打桩海上风机基础的施工方法，该施工方法与第二实施例的区别在于：
本实施例提供的施工方法还包括对海上风机基础1进行调平的调平方法，该调平方法应用了调平装置，该调平装置包括千斤顶5和调平支撑板41，调平支撑板41设置于钢桩4的顶端，桩套管2内设置有桩套管内平台25，千斤顶5设置于调平支撑板41与桩套管内平台25之间。
该调平方法包括：
施工人员从套筒3下到桩套管内平台25，施工人员将千斤顶5放置在调平支撑板41与桩套管内平台25之间，通过千斤顶5顶住调平支撑板41，从而顶升钢桩4，向下压海上风机基础1，使得海上风机基础1调平。
施工人员能够很方便地进行干法调平作业，保证海上风机基础1的调平无需人员水下作业，安全可靠。
第四实施例
请参阅图1～图5，本实施例提供了一种后打桩海上风机基础的施工方法，该施工方法应用第一实施例所提供的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，该施工方法的具体步骤如下：
1)海上风机基础1加工完成后，将桩套管2底端的橡胶止水圈固定在桩套管2上；
2)海上吊装前将套筒3吊装至海上风机基础1的桩套管2处，并用螺栓联接；
3)套筒3上的临时平台31分别与海上风机基础1的平台固定连接；
4)将带有套筒3的海上风机基础1放置到海床面，使桩套管2底端钢管置于海底或者插入海床泥土；
5)将钢桩4置于桩套管2内部；
6)套上打桩锤开始打桩，钢桩4顶端接近海上风机基础1最上端时，可接上一段送桩管6，继续打入，直至打入桩套管2内到指定设计高程。打桩结束，如果由于设计偏差，钢桩4打到持力层，多余部分钢桩4无法达到设计高程，可进行截桩；
7)打桩工序完成后，抽出套筒3内和桩套管2的海水和泥沙；
8)施工人员从套筒3下到桩套管内平台25；
9)施工人员将千斤顶5放置在钢桩4顶端焊接的调平支撑板41与桩套管内平台25之间，对海上风机基础1进行调平工作；
10)调平完成后，根据需要，可以先将钢桩4桩端和桩套管2焊接固定，然后对桩套管2与钢桩4进行灌浆连接；
11)海上风机基础1安装完成后，施工人员拆除套筒3与桩套管2之间的螺栓，施工人员爬上套筒3；
12)移除套筒3。
13)根据实际情况和设计要求，如果需要嵌岩，进行嵌岩操作。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的设备或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆 卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征之“上”或之“下”可以包括第一和第二特征直接接触，也可以包括第一和第二特征不是直接接触而是通过它们之间的另外的特征接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”包括第一特征在第二特征正上方和斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”包括第一特征在第二特征正下方和斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，其特征在于，包括海上风机基础、桩套管以及套筒，所述桩套管用于安装钢桩，所述桩套管设置于所述海上风机基础的底部，所述套筒的下端与所述桩套管的上端可拆卸连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，其特征在于，所述桩套管包括桩套管灌浆段竖管、桩套管内平台和桩套管上端套管，所述桩套管上端套管的下端与所述桩套管灌浆段竖管的上端通过所述桩套管内平台连接，所述桩套管上端套管的上端与所述套筒的下端可拆卸连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，其特征在于，还包括用于对所述海上风机基础进行调平的调平装置，所述调平装置设置于所述桩套管内；
    所述调平装置包括千斤顶和调平支撑板，所述调平支撑板设置于所述钢桩的顶端，所述千斤顶设置于所述调平支撑板与所述桩套管内平台之间。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，其特征在于，所述桩套管的上部与所述海上风机基础通过连接底板连接，所述桩套管的下部与所述海上风机基础通过连接横板连接，所述桩套管的外侧壁与所述海上风机基础通过连接竖板连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，其特征在于，所述桩套管的下端与所述连接底板平齐或凸出于所述连接底板。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，其特征在于，所述套筒的上端安装有临时平台，所述临时平台与所述海上风机基础连接。
  7. 一种后打桩海上风机基础的施工方法，其特征在于，该方法应用如权利要求1-6任一项所述的后打桩海上风机基础的施工装置，该方法包括：
    吊装所述海上风机基础前，将所述套筒连接于所述桩套管上端；
    将所述海上风机基础放置到海床面，使所述桩套管的底端钢管置于海底或者插入海床泥土；
    将所述钢桩置于所述桩套管内部，套上打桩锤打桩，直至打入所述桩套管内到指定设计高程；
    打桩工序完成后，抽出所述套筒和所述桩套管内的海水和泥沙；
    对所述海上风机基础调平；
    对所述桩套管与所述钢桩进行现场焊接连接、灌浆连接或者两者同时实施；
    拆除套筒。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的后打桩海上风机基础的施工方法，其特征在于，还包括对所述海上风机基础进行调平的调平方法，该调平方法应用了调平装置，该调平装置包括千斤顶和调平支撑板，所述调平支撑板设置于所述钢桩的顶端，所述桩套管内设置有所述桩套管内平台，所述千斤顶设置于所述调平支撑板与所述桩套管内平台之间；
    该调平方法包括：
    施工人员从所述套筒下到所述桩套管内平台，施工人员将所述千斤顶放置在所述调平支撑板与所述桩套管内平台之间，通过所述千斤顶顶住所述调平支撑板，从而顶升所述钢桩，向下压所述海上风机基础，使得所述海上风机基础调平。
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