WO2017012463A1 - 一种多用户数据的发送接收方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种多用户数据的发送接收方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017012463A1
WO2017012463A1 PCT/CN2016/088233 CN2016088233W WO2017012463A1 WO 2017012463 A1 WO2017012463 A1 WO 2017012463A1 CN 2016088233 W CN2016088233 W CN 2016088233W WO 2017012463 A1 WO2017012463 A1 WO 2017012463A1
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Prior art keywords
user
data
codeword
coding matrix
power
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PCT/CN2016/088233
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English (en)
French (fr)
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任斌
宋扬
康绍莉
秦飞
孙韶辉
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电信科学技术研究院
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0426—Power distribution
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
    • H04L1/0047—Decoding adapted to other signal detection operation
    • H04L1/0048—Decoding adapted to other signal detection operation in conjunction with detection of multiuser or interfering signals, e.g. iteration between CDMA or MIMO detector and FEC decoder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0076—Distributed coding, e.g. network coding, involving channel coding

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for transmitting and receiving multi-user data.
  • LTE/Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) downlink Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology continues to evolve. As the number of antennas increases, the codebook is enhanced and multi-user support is gradually improved.
  • LTE/LTE-A downlink multi-antenna technology includes an open-loop Space-Frequency Block Code (SFBC), Cyclic Delay Diversity (CDD), and closed-loop single-user MIMO (Single User-MIMO).
  • SFBC Space-Frequency Block Code
  • CDD Cyclic Delay Diversity
  • Single User-MIMO Single User-MIMO
  • SU-MIMO and multi-user MIMO
  • Multiple Users-MIMO Multiple Users-MIMO
  • MU-MIMO multi-user MIMO
  • NTT DoCoMo proposes a non-orthogonal multiple access technology solution combined with MIMO, referred to as NOMA-MIMO for short.
  • NOMA-MIMO non-orthogonal multiple access technology solution combined with MIMO
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the "power domain + airspace" non-orthogonal scheme proposed by NTT DoCoMo, as shown in Figure 1.
  • each beam is detected by means of serial interference cancellation by a user corresponding to the beam.
  • SDMA space division multiple access
  • the disadvantage of the NOMA-MIMO scheme proposed by NTT DoCoMo is that since the beams are not completely orthogonal, interference between different beams may occur, so that the multi-user detection accuracy of detecting only the beam signal at the receiving end is greatly caused. influences.
  • the present application provides a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving multi-user data, which are used to support more users in the MIMO mode, and avoid interference existing between different beams, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the receiving end.
  • a method for sending multi-user data including:
  • the coded data of each channel is code-modulated according to the coding matrix, wherein the codeword of each channel data corresponds to the column of the coding matrix;
  • resource mapping is performed on each channel data
  • Each of the data after the resource mapping is OFDM-modulated and then transmitted.
  • the coding matrix is determined by:
  • the power allocation is used to distinguish the codewords mapped to the same MIMO layer in the SU-MIMO transmission mode, or After the SDMA packet is used in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, the codewords mapped to the same MIMO layer are distinguished by SDMA packets and power allocation.
  • a method for receiving user data including:
  • User data is separated based on a priori information of the user data.
  • the coding matrix is determined by:
  • the joint detection algorithm used is a BP algorithm or a BP-based IDD algorithm.
  • the power, the codeword of the coding matrix, and the multi-purpose is extracted from the data obtained by the joint detection of the household, including:
  • mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer, the power, and the codeword of the coding matrix are used, and the a priori information of the user data is extracted from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection;
  • multi-user association is performed from the user data of the simultaneous power resource with the weak power user. Extracting the a priori information of the user data from the obtained data; for the strong power user, using the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer, the codeword of the coding matrix, and the simultaneous power resource from the neighboring beam in the local area and the strong power user. The a priori information of the user data is extracted from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection in the user data.
  • a device for transmitting multi-user data including:
  • a coded modulation module configured to perform code modulation on each channel encoded data according to an encoding matrix after the multi-user data is channel-coded, wherein a codeword of each channel data corresponds to a column of the coding matrix;
  • a power allocation module configured to perform power allocation on each channel data in units of codewords
  • a modulation symbol mapping module configured to map codeword modulation symbols of each channel data to a MIMO layer
  • a resource mapping module configured to perform resource mapping on each channel data after performing MIMO precoding
  • the sending module is configured to perform OFDM modulation on each data after the resource mapping, and then send the data.
  • the code modulation module is further configured to determine the coding matrix in the following manner:
  • the resource mapping module is further configured to use the power allocation to map to the same MIMO layer in the SU-MIMO transmission mode when the number of codewords is greater than the number of MIMO layers and the modulation symbols of the plurality of codewords are mapped to the same MIMO layer.
  • the resource mapping module is further configured to: when the number of codewords is greater than the number of MIMO layers, and the modulation symbols of the plurality of codewords are mapped to the same MIMO layer, after the SDMA packet is used in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, the SDMA packet and the power allocation are used to distinguish Map to codewords on the same MIMO layer.
  • An apparatus for receiving user data including:
  • a receiving module configured to receive data
  • the joint detection module is configured to perform multi-user joint detection on the received data; according to the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer, the power, and the codeword of the coding matrix, the user data is extracted from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection.
  • the decision module is configured to separate the user data according to the prior information of the user data.
  • the joint detection module is further configured to determine the coding matrix in the following manner:
  • the joint detection module is further configured to perform multi-user joint detection on the received data by using a BP algorithm or a BP-based IDD algorithm.
  • the joint detection module is further configured to: when extracting a priori information of the user data from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection, using the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer, the power, and the codeword of the coding matrix, Extracting a priori information of the user data from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection; or, after distinguishing the user data according to the power, for the weak power user, using the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer, and the codeword of the coding matrix Extracting a priori information of the user data from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection in the user data of the low-frequency user simultaneous frequency resource; for the strong power user, using the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer, and the coding matrix
  • the codeword extracts a priori information of the user data from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection in the user data of the adjacent power beam of the strong power user in the neighboring beam.
  • mapping is performed on multiple signal domains such as a coding domain, a power domain, and an air domain of a basic time-frequency resource, and at the receiving end, the complexity of the detection is added to separate
  • the signal is such that the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application can support more users than the existing MIMO mode. Compared with the NOMA-MIMO solution, the inter-beam interference problem can be solved, and the detection accuracy of the receiving end is improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a "power domain + airspace" non-orthogonal scheme proposed by NTT DoCoMo in the background art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of implementing a method for transmitting multi-user data in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transmission scheme frame in which PDMA and MIMO are combined in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of implementing a method for receiving user data in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a detection scheme 1 in which PDMA and MIMO are combined in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a detection scheme 2 in which PDMA and MIMO are combined in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a detection process of a BP-IDD algorithm in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for transmitting multi-user data according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for receiving user data according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a user terminal in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present application adopts a novel non-orthogonal multiple access technology, which is called the Pattern Division Multiple Access (PDMA) technology in the implementation, which utilizes the asymmetric of the multi-user channel.
  • PDMA Pattern Division Multiple Access
  • the present application adopts a novel non-orthogonal multiple access technology, which is called the Pattern Division Multiple Access (PDMA) technology in the implementation, which utilizes the asymmetric of the multi-user channel.
  • PDMA Pattern Division Multiple Access
  • PDMA can map on multiple signal domains such as coding domain, power domain, and spatial domain of basic time-frequency resources to form a non-orthogonal feature pattern that distinguishes multiple users.
  • coding domain the basic concept is that multiple users use the columns of the coding matrix to superimpose and transmit on the same time-frequency resource;
  • power domain the basic concept is that multiple users occupy the same time-frequency resource but superimpose on the transmission power;
  • multi-user data streams are spatially superimposed.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application will consider an implementation scheme of superimposing the PDMA technology on the existing MIMO mode, and reduce the interference problem existing in the existing solutions in the industry at the cost of the detection complexity, thereby improving the system performance. That is to say, for the downlink multi-antenna transmission system, a time-frequency resource coding domain based on PDMA technology and a transmission and detection scheme combining power domain and air domain are proposed.
  • the transmitter implements the combination of PDMA and MIMO mode, which can be relatively
  • the MIMO mode supports more users, and the receiving end comprehensively utilizes multi-beam information for multi-user detection, which reduces the inter-beam interference problem existing in the existing NOMA-MIMO scheme and improves system performance at the cost of detection complexity.
  • the following description will be made.
  • the implementations from the UE and the base station side will be respectively described, but this does not mean that the two must cooperate with the implementation.
  • the UE and the base station are implemented separately, they also respectively solve the UE side and the base station side. The problem is that when the two are combined, they will get better technical results.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an implementation process of a method for transmitting multi-user data, as shown in the figure, including:
  • Step 201 After multi-user data is channel-coded, code-modulate each channel-encoded data according to an encoding matrix, where a codeword of each channel data corresponds to a column of an encoding matrix;
  • Step 202 Perform power allocation on each channel data in units of codewords
  • Step 203 Mapping codeword modulation symbols of each channel data to a MIMO layer
  • Step 204 After performing MIMO precoding, perform resource mapping on each channel data.
  • Step 205 Perform OFDM modulation on each channel of the resource mapping, and then perform transmission.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a transmission scheme frame combining PDMA and MIMO.
  • the combination of PDMA technology and MIMO technology can also be described by a unified framework, compared with MIMO technology, PDMA.
  • the functional modules that need to be added to the transmitting end mainly include: PDMA code modulation, PDMA power allocation, PDMA codeword modulation symbols to MIMO layer mapping, and PDMA resource mapping. The following functional modules will be described below.
  • the coding matrix can be determined by:
  • the PDMA codeword corresponds to the column of the PDMA coding matrix
  • the specific implementation manner of the determination and expression of the PDMA coding matrix can be found in the patent application “Multi-user coding based on the application date 2014-12-19, application number 201410806434.0”. Superimposed coding matrix determination method and device.
  • the transmission process of combining PDMA and MIMO is mainly: after multi-user data is channel-encoded, performing PDMA code modulation, power allocation of PDMA codewords, PDMA codeword modulation symbols to MIMO layer mapping, and then undergoing MIMO precoding, and then performing The PDMA resource is mapped, and then OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex) modulation is performed, and then transmitted.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex
  • the power allocation is used to distinguish the codewords mapped to the same MIMO layer in the SU-MIMO transmission mode; or, After the SDMA packet is used in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, the codewords mapped to the same MIMO layer are distinguished by SDMA packets and power allocation.
  • the MIMO precoding module may be different according to different transmission modes of MIMO.
  • one user in FIG. 3 may correspond to one channel coding codeword or two codewords.
  • the PDMA coded modulation is responsible for selecting the appropriate PDMA codeword for each channel coded codeword for PDMA coded modulation, and then mapping the modulation symbols of each PDMA codeword to the MIMO layer.
  • a PDMA coded modulation symbol formed by a channel coded codeword may be mapped to one or more MIMO layers.
  • modulation symbols of multiple PDMA codewords may be mapped onto the same layer. It is necessary to determine the appropriate mapping relationship for the detection performance of the user terminal.
  • Data layers of multiple users using different PDMA codewords can be superimposed on the same time-frequency resource, and adjusted The data layer power of each PDMA codeword is achieved for the purpose of simultaneously transmitting data to a plurality of user terminals.
  • PMI Precoding Matrix Indicator
  • the base station can group users with similar spatial characteristics into one group. For example, a frequency division duplex (FDD) system reports that the same or similar PMI users have space. The characteristics are similar. Different user groups correspond to different MIMO layers, use SDMA to distinguish and reduce inter-group interference, and users in the group use different PDMA code words to distinguish. Since the base station cannot know the ideal channel, some user inter-group interference will still be lost through SDMA, and the user terminal can use joint detection to further eliminate interference.
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an implementation process of a method for receiving user data, as shown in the figure, including:
  • Step 401 Receive data.
  • Step 402 Perform multi-user joint detection on the received data.
  • Step 403 Extract, according to the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer, the power, and the codeword of the coding matrix, the a priori information of the user data is extracted from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection, where the codeword of each channel data corresponds to In the column of the encoding matrix;
  • Step 404 Separate the user data according to the prior information of the user data.
  • the coding matrix can be determined in the following manner:
  • the joint detection algorithm used is a Belief Propagation (BP) algorithm or a BP-based Iterative Detection and Decoding (IDD) algorithm (for convenience). Description, which is referred to in the application as: BP-IDD).
  • the a priori information of the user data is extracted from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection according to the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer, the power, and the codeword of the coding matrix, which may include:
  • mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer, the power, and the codeword of the coding matrix are used, and the a priori information of the user data is extracted from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection;
  • the a priori information of the user data is extracted from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection by using the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer and the codeword of the coding matrix.
  • the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer and the codeword of the coding matrix are used, and the user data is extracted from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection in the user data of the low-frequency user simultaneous frequency resource.
  • the receiving end mainly corresponds to the detection of the user terminal.
  • the user terminal in the same cell, in addition to receiving its own signal, it also receives signals of other users (also referred to as "same-area interference signals") multiplexed with PDMA and MIMO. If the interference in the same area is too large, it will obviously affect the user's detection of its own signal. Therefore, it is necessary to consider a high-performance detection algorithm.
  • Solution 1 Simultaneously utilizing the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer, the power, and the codeword of the coding matrix, the a priori information of the user data is extracted from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection.
  • the user For any user in any beam, the user performs multi-user joint detection by using all users in the zone that are multiplexed with PDMA and SDMA on the same time-frequency resource, and extracts self-information from the joint detection data.
  • the joint detection algorithm recommends an iterative decoding detection algorithm based on belief propagation (BP-IDD algorithm).
  • Solution 2 After distinguishing the user data according to the power, for the weak power user, the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer, the codeword of the coding matrix, and the multi-user from the user data of the low-frequency user simultaneous frequency resource are performed.
  • the a priori information of the user data is extracted from the data obtained by the joint detection; for the strong power user, the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer and the codeword of the coding matrix are used, and the high frequency user is simultaneously transmitted from the adjacent beam in the local area.
  • the a priori information of the user data is extracted from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection in the user data of the resource.
  • weak power users use all PDMA users in their area to multiplex with their simultaneous frequency resources to perform multi-user joint detection, extracting their own information from the joint detection data; strong power users only use the adjacent beam in the area. All PDMA strong power users multiplexed with their simultaneous frequency resources perform multi-user joint detection to extract their own information from the joint detection data.
  • the joint detection algorithm recommends the BP-IDD algorithm.
  • the sender uses the PDMA method to divide 4 users into 2 groups of 2 users each.
  • the group and the group are distinguished by the SDMA beam, which is a PDMA implementation of the airspace; the users in the group are distinguished by the coding matrix and the power, which is a coding domain joint power domain of the time-frequency resource.
  • the implementation of PDMA That is, the transmitting end uses the signal domain of the PDMA time-frequency resource, the power domain, and the spatial domain signal superposition to distinguish four users.
  • the multiplexing method based on the PDMA coding matrix and the implementation of the power phase allocation method can be seen in:
  • Patent application in 2015-04-07, application number 201510161138.4 "A data transmission, receiving letter No. Detection Method and Equipment ⁇ .
  • user 1 can perform time-frequency resource multiplexing according to the first column of the coding matrix, using power allocation factor ⁇ (0 ⁇ 1) and phase.
  • User 2 can use the second and third columns of the coding matrix for time-frequency resource multiplexing, using the power allocation factor.
  • phase can be used to use the most simplified PDMA coding matrix.
  • [1, 1], [2, 1] are the first users
  • [1, 2], [2, 2], [1, 3], [2, 3] are the second users.
  • Beam 1 and Beam 2 are distinguished by SDMA precoding.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a detection scheme 1 combining PDMA and MIMO. If the receiving end uses the foregoing scheme 1 to perform detection, as shown in FIG. 5, the detection methods of user 1, user 2, user 3, and user 4 are similar.
  • the multi-user joint detection is performed by using all the user information, and the user's own information is extracted, and the joint detection algorithm recommends the BP-IDD algorithm.
  • the flow of the BP-IDD algorithm is shown in Figure 7.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a detection scheme 2 combining PDMA and MIMO. If the receiver uses the foregoing scheme 2 for detection, as shown in FIG. 6, the weak power users corresponding to the beams, that is, the detection methods of the user 1 and the user 3 Similarly, all users are used to perform multi-user joint detection and extract user's own information.
  • the joint detection algorithm recommends BP-IDD algorithm.
  • the high-power users corresponding to the beams, that is, the detection methods of the user 2 and the user 4 are similar, except that the information of the strong power users, that is, the user 2 and the user 4 are used for joint detection by the multi-user, and the user's own information is extracted, wherein
  • the joint detection algorithm recommends the BP-IDD algorithm.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a detection process of the BP-IDD algorithm. As shown in the figure, after receiving a received signal containing k users, first performing OFDM demodulation, and then using a BP multi-user detector for detection based on belief propagation, after After the iterative decoding detection interleaving, deinterleaving and Turbo decoder processing, after the decision processing, the user's signal can be determined according to the user information.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a device for transmitting multi-user data, a device for receiving multi-user data, a principle for solving problems by the devices, and a method for transmitting multi-user data,
  • the method for receiving multi-user data is similar, so the implementation of these devices can be referred to the implementation of the method, and the repeated description will not be repeated.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for transmitting multi-user data. As shown in the figure, the device may include:
  • the code modulation module 801 is configured to perform code modulation on each channel coded data according to the coding matrix after the multi-user data is channel-coded, wherein the codeword of each channel data corresponds to a column of the coding matrix;
  • a power distribution module 802 configured to perform power allocation on each channel data in units of codewords
  • a modulation symbol mapping module 803, configured to map codeword modulation symbols of each channel data to a MIMO layer
  • the resource mapping module 804 is configured to perform resource mapping on each channel data after performing MIMO precoding
  • the sending module 805 is configured to perform OFDM modulation on each data after the resource mapping, and then send the data.
  • the code modulation module is further configured to determine the coding matrix as follows:
  • the resource mapping module is further configured to: when the number of codewords is greater than the number of MIMO layers, and the modulation symbols of the multiple codewords are mapped to the same MIMO layer, use the power allocation to map to the same MIMO layer in the SU-MIMO transmission mode.
  • the resource mapping module is further configured to: when the number of codewords is greater than the number of MIMO layers, and the modulation symbols of the plurality of codewords are mapped to the same MIMO layer, after the SDMA packet is used in the MU-MIMO transmission mode, the SDMA packet and the power allocation are used to distinguish Map to codewords on the same MIMO layer.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for receiving user data. As shown in the figure, the device may include:
  • the receiving module 901 is configured to receive data.
  • the joint detection module 902 is configured to perform multi-user joint detection on the received data. According to the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer, the power, and the codeword of the coding matrix, the user data is extracted from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection. Prior information, wherein the codeword of each channel data corresponds to a column of the coding matrix;
  • the decision module 903 is configured to separate the user data according to the a priori information of the user data.
  • the joint detection module is further used to determine the coding matrix as follows:
  • the joint detection module is further configured to perform multi-user joint detection on the received data by using a BP algorithm or a BP-based IDD algorithm.
  • the joint detection module is further configured to: when extracting a priori information of the user data from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection, simultaneously using the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer, the power, and the codeword of the coding matrix, Extracting a priori information of user data from data obtained by multi-user joint detection; or, performing user area data according to power Afterwards, for the weak power user, the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer and the codeword of the coding matrix are used, and the user data is extracted from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection in the user data of the low-frequency user simultaneous frequency resource.
  • the a priori information of the user data is extracted from the detected data.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station, as shown in the figure, the base station includes:
  • the processor 1000 is configured to read a program in the memory 1020 and perform the following process:
  • the coded data of each channel is code-modulated according to the coding matrix, wherein the codeword of each channel data corresponds to the column of the coding matrix;
  • resource mapping is performed on each channel data
  • Each channel of the resource mapping is separately OFDM modulated
  • the transceiver 1010 is configured to send data under the control of the processor 1000, and performs the following processes:
  • Each channel of data after OFDM modulation is transmitted.
  • the processor is further configured to read a program in the memory and determine the encoding matrix as follows:
  • the processor is further configured to read a program in the memory and perform the following process:
  • the power allocation is used to distinguish the codewords mapped to the same MIMO layer in the SU-MIMO transmission mode, or in the MU-MIMO transmission.
  • the codewords mapped to the same MIMO layer are distinguished by SDMA packets and power allocation.
  • the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linked by one or more processors represented by processor 1000 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 1020.
  • the bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and, therefore, will not be further described herein.
  • the bus interface provides an interface.
  • Transceiver 1010 can be a plurality of components, including a transmitter and a transceiver, providing means for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium.
  • the processor 1000 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 1020 can store data used by the processor 1000 in performing operations.
  • the user terminal includes:
  • the processor 1100 is configured to read a program in the memory 1120 and perform the following process:
  • the transceiver 1110 is configured to send data under the control of the processor 1100, and performs the following process:
  • the processor is further configured to read a program in the memory and determine the encoding matrix as follows:
  • the joint detection algorithm used is a BP algorithm or a BP-based IDD algorithm.
  • the processor performs the following process according to the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer, the power, and the codeword of the coding matrix, and extracting the a priori information of the user data from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection:
  • mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer, the power, and the codeword of the coding matrix are used, and the a priori information of the user data is extracted from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection;
  • multi-user association is performed from the user data of the simultaneous power resource with the weak power user. Extracting the a priori information of the user data from the obtained data; for the strong power user, using the mapping relationship between the codeword modulation symbol and the MIMO layer, the codeword of the coding matrix, and the simultaneous power resource from the neighboring beam in the local area and the strong power user. The a priori information of the user data is extracted from the data obtained by the multi-user joint detection in the user data.
  • the bus architecture can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linked by one or more processors represented by processor 1100 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 1120.
  • the bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and, therefore, will not be further described herein.
  • the bus interface provides an interface.
  • Transceiver 1110 It can be a plurality of components, including a transmitter and a receiver, providing means for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium.
  • the user interface 1130 may also be an interface capable of externally connecting the required devices, including but not limited to a keypad, a display, a speaker, a microphone, a joystick, and the like.
  • the processor 1100 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 1120 can store data used by the processor 1100 in performing operations.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application is a combination of PDMA and MIMO applied to an OFDM downlink system, including a combination of a coding domain, a power domain, and an air domain of a time-frequency resource to distinguish multiple users.
  • the receiving end user performs joint detection by using multiple users of PDMA multiplexing and SDMA multiplexing in the same time-frequency resource.
  • the PDMA uses a combination of a coding domain, a power domain, and a spatial domain of a time-frequency resource to distinguish multiple users, and the combination of PDMA and MIMO can further increase the number of access users relative to the existing MIMO mode.
  • the user performs joint detection using multiple users performing PDMA multiplexing on the same time-frequency resource. Further provides:
  • Option 1 Each user uses all PDMA, SDMA user information detection.
  • Option 2 Strong power users only use PDMA, SDMA strong power user information detection.
  • the scheme can improve the number of access users; compared with the NTT DoCoMo NOMA-MIMO scheme, the detection accuracy of the receiving end can be improved.
  • embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product.
  • the present application can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination of software and hardware.
  • the application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种多用户数据的发送接收方法及装置，包括：在发送端，在多用户数据经过信道编码后，根据编码矩阵对每路信道编码后的数据进行编码调制，其中，每路信道数据的码字对应于编码矩阵的列；以码字为单位对每路信道数据进行功率分配；将每路信道数据的码字调制符号映射到多入多出层；在进行多入多出预编码后，对每路信道数据进行资源映射；将资源映射后的每路数据分别进行正交频分复用调制后，进行发送。接收端根据码字调制符号与多入多出层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息；根据用户数据的先验信息分离出用户数据。本申请能够支持更多的用户，能够解决波束间的干扰问题。

Description

一种多用户数据的发送接收方法及装置
本申请要求在2015年7月20日提交中国专利局、申请号为201510428989.0、发明名称为“一种多用户数据的发送接收方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，特别涉及一种多用户数据的发送接收方法及装置。
背景技术
长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)/长期演进增强(Long Term Evolution-Advanced，LTE-A)的下行多入多出(Multiple Input Multiple Output，MIMO)技术不断演进。天线数增加，码本得到增强，多用户支持逐步完善。目前，LTE/LTE-A下行多天线技术包含开环的空频块码(Space-Frequency Block Code，SFBC)、循环时延分集(Cyclic Delay Diversity，CDD)，闭环单用户MIMO(Single User-MIMO，SU-MIMO)和多用户MIMO(Multiple Users-MIMO，MU-MIMO)的基于码本的预编码和波束赋形等模式。
为了满足未来同小区内支持更多用户数的需求，需要在已有MIMO模式基础上叠加非正交多址接入方式。NTT DoCoMo提出了一种与MIMO结合的非正交多址接入技术方案，简称为NOMA-MIMO，具体内容可以参见：Y.Saito,Y.Kishiyama,A.Benjebbour,T.Nakamura,etc,“Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access(NOMA)for Future Radio Access”,IEEE 77th Vehicular Technology Conference(VTC Spring),2013.，图1为NTT DoCoMo提出的“功率域+空域”非正交方案示意图，如图1所示，在发送端，它通过不同的波束(beam)来做空分复用多址接入(Space Division Multiple Access，SDMA)，同一个波束内的用户通过功率域来进行非正交区分，在接收端，每个波束基于该波束对应的用户利用串行干扰抵消的方式来进行检测，通常强功率用户只检测自身信号即可，而弱功率用户需要先检测同波束的其他用户并且抵消掉这些用户的信号后再检测自身信号。
对于NTT DoCoMo提出的NOMA-MIMO方案，其不足在于，由于各个波束不完全正交，会导致不同的波束之间存在干扰，这样对接收端只检测本波束信号的多用户检测准确度造成很大影响。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种多用户数据的发送接收方法及装置，用以在MIMO模式下支持更多的用户，并且避免不同波束之间存在的干扰，提升接收端的检测准确度。
本申请实施例中提供了一种多用户数据的发送方法，包括：
在多用户数据经过信道编码后，根据编码矩阵对每路信道编码后的数据进行编码调制，其中，每路信道数据的码字对应于编码矩阵的列；
以码字为单位对每路信道数据进行功率分配；
将每路信道数据的码字调制符号映射到MIMO层；
在进行MIMO预编码后，对每路信道数据进行资源映射；
将资源映射后的每路数据分别进行OFDM调制后，进行发送。
较佳地，编码矩阵的确定方式为：
确定实际复用N个传输资源的用户设备的数目M，其中，N+1≤M≤2N-1；
根据已配置的表示所述N个传输资源上复用2N-1个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第一编码矩阵，确定表示所述N个传输资源上复用M个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第二编码矩阵；其中，所述第一编码矩阵中每列对应一种不同的编码方式且至少两列具有不等的分集度，所述第二编码矩阵中至少两列具有不等的分集度。
较佳地，当码字数大于MIMO层数，多个码字的调制符号映射到同一MIMO层上时，在SU-MIMO传输模式下利用功率分配区分映射到同一MIMO层上的码字，或在MU-MIMO传输模式下利用SDMA分组后，利用SDMA分组及功率分配区分映射到同一MIMO层上的码字。
本申请实施例中提供了一种用户数据的接收方法，包括：
接收数据；
对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测；
根据码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息，其中，每路信道数据的码字对应于编码矩阵的列；
根据用户数据的先验信息分离出用户数据。
较佳地，编码矩阵的确定方式为：
确定实际复用N个传输资源的用户设备的数目M，其中，N+1≤M≤2N-1；
根据已配置的表示所述N个传输资源上复用2N-1个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第一编码矩阵，确定表示所述N个传输资源上复用M个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第二编码矩阵；其中，所述第一编码矩阵中每列对应一种不同的编码方式且至少两列具有不等的分集度，所述第二编码矩阵中至少两列具有不等的分集度。
较佳地，在对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测时，采用的联合检测算法是BP算法或者基于BP的IDD算法。
较佳地，根据码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用 户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息，包括：
同时利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息；
或，根据功率对用户数据进行区别后，对于弱功率用户，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从与弱功率用户同时频资源的用户数据中进行多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息；对于强功率用户，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从本区内邻波束中与强功率用户同时频资源的用户数据中进行多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息。
本申请实施例中提供了一种多用户数据的发送装置，包括：
编码调制模块，用于在多用户数据经过信道编码后，根据编码矩阵对每路信道编码后的数据进行编码调制，其中，每路信道数据的码字对应于编码矩阵的列；
功率分配模块，用于以码字为单位对每路信道数据进行功率分配；
调制符号映射模块，用于将每路信道数据的码字调制符号映射到MIMO层；
资源映射模块，用于在进行MIMO预编码后，对每路信道数据进行资源映射；
发送模块，用于将资源映射后的每路数据分别进行OFDM调制后，进行发送。
较佳地，编码调制模块进一步用于按以下方式确定编码矩阵：
确定实际复用N个传输资源的用户设备的数目M，其中，N+1≤M≤2N-1；
根据已配置的表示所述N个传输资源上复用2N-1个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第一编码矩阵，确定表示所述N个传输资源上复用M个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第二编码矩阵；其中，所述第一编码矩阵中每列对应一种不同的编码方式且至少两列具有不等的分集度，所述第二编码矩阵中至少两列具有不等的分集度。
较佳地，资源映射模块进一步用于当码字数大于MIMO层数，多个码字的调制符号映射到同一MIMO层上时，在SU-MIMO传输模式下利用功率分配区分映射到同一MIMO层上的码字；
或，资源映射模块进一步用于当码字数大于MIMO层数，多个码字的调制符号映射到同一MIMO层上时，在MU-MIMO传输模式下利用SDMA分组后，利用SDMA分组及功率分配区分映射到同一MIMO层上的码字。
本申请实施例中提供了一种用户数据的接收装置，包括：
接收模块，用于接收数据；
联合检测模块，用于对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测；根据码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息，其中，每路信道数据的码字对应于编码矩阵的列；
判决模块，用于根据用户数据的先验信息分离出用户数据。
较佳地，联合检测模块进一步用于按以下方式确定编码矩阵：
确定实际复用N个传输资源的用户设备的数目M，其中，N+1≤M≤2N-1；
根据已配置的表示所述N个传输资源上复用2N-1个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第一编码矩阵，确定表示所述N个传输资源上复用M个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第二编码矩阵；其中，所述第一编码矩阵中每列对应一种不同的编码方式且至少两列具有不等的分集度，所述第二编码矩阵中至少两列具有不等的分集度。
较佳地，联合检测模块进一步用于采用BP算法或者基于BP的IDD算法对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测。
较佳地，联合检测模块进一步用于在从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息时，同时利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息；或，根据功率对用户数据进行区别后，对于弱功率用户，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从与弱功率用户同时频资源的用户数据中进行多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息；对于强功率用户，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从本区内邻波束中与强功率用户同时频资源的用户数据中进行多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息。
本申请有益效果如下：
由于在本申请实施例提供的技术方案中，在发送端，在基本时频资源的编码域、功率域、空域等多个信号域上进行映射，在接收端，通过增加检测的复杂度来分离信号，使得本申请实施例提供的技术方案，相对于已有MIMO模式，能够支持更多的用户；相对于NOMA-MIMO方案，能够解决波束间的干扰问题，提升接收端的检测准确度。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为背景技术中NTT DoCoMo提出的“功率域+空域”非正交方案示意图；
图2为本申请实施例中多用户数据的发送方法实施流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中PDMA与MIMO相结合的发送方案框架示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中用户数据的接收方法实施流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例中PDMA与MIMO相结合的检测方案1的示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中PDMA与MIMO相结合的检测方案2的示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中BP-IDD算法的检测流程示意图；
图8为本申请实施例中多用户数据的发送装置结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例中用户数据的接收装置结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例中基站结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例中用户终端结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本申请的具体实施方式进行说明。
对于NTT DoCoMo提出的NOMA-MIMO方案，由于各个波束不完全正交，会导致不同的波束之间存在干扰，这样对接收端只检测本波束信号的多用户检测准确度造成很大影响。
基于此，本申请采用了一种新型非正交多址接入技术，实施中将该技术称为图样分割多址接入(Pattern Division Multiple Access，PDMA)技术，它利用多用户信道的非对称性，通过设计多用户不等分集的稀疏编码矩阵和编码调制联合优化方案，实现时频域、功率域和空域等多维度的非正交信号叠加传输，获得更高多用户复用和分集增益。
PDMA可以在基本时频资源的编码域、功率域、空域等多个信号域上进行映射，形成区分多用户的非正交特征图样。对于编码域，其基本概念是多用户在相同时频资源上利用编码矩阵的列来叠加发送；对于功率域，其基本概念是多用户占用相同时频资源但是在发送功率上进行叠加；对于空域，其基本概念是多用户数据流在空间上进行叠加。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案，将考虑在已有MIMO模式上叠加PDMA技术的实现方案，以付出检测复杂度为代价来降低业界已有方案存在的干扰问题，提升系统性能。也即，针对下行多天线传输系统，提出一种基于PDMA技术的时频资源编码域和功率域和空域相结合的发送和检测方案，其中发送端实现了PDMA与MIMO模式的结合，能够相对已有MIMO模式支持更多的用户，接收端综合利用多波束的信息来进行多用户检测，以付出检测复杂度为代价来降低已有NOMA-MIMO方案存在的波束间干扰问题，提升系统性能。下面进行说明。
在说明过程中，将分别从UE与基站侧的实施进行说明，但这并不意味着二者必须配合实施，实际上，当UE与基站分开实施时，其也各自解决UE侧、基站侧的问题，只是二者结合使用时，会获得更好的技术效果。
图2为多用户数据的发送方法实施流程示意图，如图所示，包括：
步骤201、在多用户数据经过信道编码后，根据编码矩阵对每路信道编码后的数据进行编码调制，其中，每路信道数据的码字对应于编码矩阵的列；
步骤202、以码字为单位对每路信道数据进行功率分配；
步骤203、将每路信道数据的码字调制符号映射到MIMO层；
步骤204、在进行MIMO预编码后，对每路信道数据进行资源映射；
步骤205、将资源映射后的每路数据分别进行OFDM调制后，进行发送。
在发送端的实施上，图3为PDMA与MIMO相结合的发送方案框架示意图，如图3所示，PDMA技术与MIMO技术的结合方式也可以用统一的框架进行描述，和MIMO技术相比，PDMA技术引入对发送端需要新增的功能模块主要包括：PDMA编码调制、PDMA功率分配、PDMA码字调制符号到MIMO层映射、PDMA资源映射，下面将结合以上功能模块进行说明。
实施中，编码矩阵的确定方式可以为：
确定实际复用N个传输资源的用户设备的数目M，其中，N+1≤M≤2N-1；
根据已配置的表示所述N个传输资源上复用2N-1个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第一编码矩阵，确定表示所述N个传输资源上复用M个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第二编码矩阵；其中，所述第一编码矩阵中每列对应一种不同的编码方式且至少两列具有不等的分集度，所述第二编码矩阵中至少两列具有不等的分集度。
具体的，PDMA码字对应于PDMA编码矩阵的列，而PDMA编码矩阵的确定、表达等具体实施方式，可参见申请日在2014-12-19，申请号为201410806434.0的专利申请《基于多用户编码叠加的编码矩阵确定方法和设备》。
则，PDMA与MIMO结合的发送过程主要为：多用户数据经过信道编码后，进行PDMA编码调制、PDMA码字的功率分配、PDMA码字调制符号到MIMO层映射，然后经历MIMO预编码，再进行PDMA资源映射，然后进行OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex，正交频分复用)调制，再发送出去。
实施中，当码字数大于MIMO层数，多个码字的调制符号映射到同一MIMO层上时，在SU-MIMO传输模式下利用功率分配区分映射到同一MIMO层上的码字；或，在MU-MIMO传输模式下利用SDMA分组后，利用SDMA分组及功率分配区分映射到同一MIMO层上的码字。
具体的，上述过程中，依据MIMO的传输模式不同，MIMO预编码模块会有所不同。按照LTE的规定，图3中一个用户可能对应一个信道编码码字或两个码字。PDMA编码调制负责为每个信道编码码字选择合适的PDMA码字进行PDMA编码调制，然后将各PDMA码字的调制符号映射到MIMO的层上。一个信道编码码字形成的PDMA编码调制符号可以映射到一个或多个MIMO层，当信道编码码字数大于MIMO层数时，则会出现多个PDMA码字的调制符号映射到同一层上，此时确定合适的映射关系对用户终端的检测性能将非常必要。
例如，对于现有SU-MIMO传输模式，包括开环SFBC、CDD以及使用相同预编码矩阵指示(Precoding Matrix Indicator，PMI)的闭环空分复用(Closed-loop Spatial Multiplexing，CL-SM)等，可以在相同时频资源上叠加使用不同PDMA码字的多个用户的数据层，并调 整各PDMA码字的数据层功率，达到同时向多个用户终端发送数据的目的。
又如，对于现有MU-MIMO传输模式，基站可以将空间特性相近的用户分成一组，例如频分双工(Frequency Division Duplex，FDD)系统报告相同或空间特性相近的PMI的用户即认为空间特性相近。不同用户组对应不同的MIMO层，使用SDMA进行区分并降低组间干扰，组内用户则使用不同的PDMA码字加以区分。由于基站端无法获知理想的信道，通过SDMA仍然会残留部分用户组间干扰，用户终端可以采用联合检测进一步消除干扰。
在对发送端的实施进行说明后，下面对接收端的实施进行说明。
图4为用户数据的接收方法实施流程示意图，如图所示，包括：
步骤401、接收数据；
步骤402、对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测；
步骤403、根据码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息，其中，每路信道数据的码字对应于编码矩阵的列；
步骤404、根据用户数据的先验信息分离出用户数据。
相应的，如发送端，实施中，编码矩阵的确定方式可以为：
确定实际复用N个传输资源的用户设备的数目M，其中，N+1≤M≤2N-1；
根据已配置的表示所述N个传输资源上复用2N-1个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第一编码矩阵，确定表示所述N个传输资源上复用M个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第二编码矩阵；其中，所述第一编码矩阵中每列对应一种不同的编码方式且至少两列具有不等的分集度，所述第二编码矩阵中至少两列具有不等的分集度。
实施中，在对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测时，采用的联合检测算法是置信传播(Belief Propagation，BP)算法或者基于BP的迭代检测译码(Iterative Detection and Decoding，IDD)算法(为便于描述，申请中将其称为：BP-IDD)。
实施中，根据码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息，可以包括：
同时利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息；
或，根据功率对用户数据进行区别后，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息。
具体的，对于弱功率用户，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从与弱功率用户同时频资源的用户数据中进行多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息；对于强功率用户，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从本区内邻波束中与强功率用户同时频资源的用户数据中进行多用户联合检测获 得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息。
具体的，接收端主要对应于用户终端的检测。对于用户终端来讲，在同一小区内，它除了收到自身的信号外，还会收到与其进行PDMA与MIMO结合时复用的其他用户的信号(也称作“同区干扰信号”)。如果同区干扰过大，会明显地影响用户对自身信号的检测，因此，需要考虑高性能的检测算法。
具体实施中可以采用以下2种检测方案：
方案1：同时利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息。
对于任一波束内的任一用户，用户利用本区内所有与其在相同时频资源上以PDMA和SDMA复用的用户来进行多用户联合检测，从联合检测数据中提取自身信息。联合检测算法推荐采用基于置信传播的迭代译码检测算法(BP-IDD算法)。
方案2：根据功率对用户数据进行区别后，对于弱功率用户，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从与弱功率用户同时频资源的用户数据中进行多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息；对于强功率用户，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从本区内邻波束中与强功率用户同时频资源的用户数据中进行多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息。
对于任一波束内，弱功率用户利用本区内所有与其同时频资源复用的PDMA用户来进行多用户联合检测，从联合检测数据中提取自身信息；强功率用户只利用本区内邻波束中所有与其同时频资源复用的PDMA强功率用户来进行多用户联合检测，从联合检测数据中提取自身信息。联合检测算法推荐采用BP-IDD算法。
为更好地理解方案的实施，下面以基站与用户终端配合实施的实例进行说明。
实例中将以与图1相对应的4用户为例来进行说明。
假设发送端利用PDMA方式将4个用户分为2组，每组2个用户。组与组之间通过SDMA波束来进行区分，这是一种空域的PDMA实现方式；组内的用户之间通过编码矩阵和功率来进行区分，这是一种时频资源的编码域联合功率域的PDMA的实现方式。即，发送端综合使用了PDMA的时频资源的编码域、功率域、空域的信号叠加来区分4个用户。
对于同一波束内的2个用户，基于PDMA编码矩阵的复用方法以及功率相位分配方式的实施，可以参见：
申请日在2015-04-07，申请号为201510162290.4的专利申请《一种数据的发送方法、接收方法及装置》。
申请日在2014-12-03，申请号为201410728209.X的专利申请《一种用户配对及功率分配方法及装置》。
申请日在2015-04-07，申请号为201510161138.4的专利申请《一种数据传输、接收信 号检测的方法和设备》。
以使用最简化的PDMA编码矩阵
Figure PCTCN2016088233-appb-000001
为例，用户1可以依据编码矩阵的第1列来进行时频资源复用，使用功率分配因子α(0＜α＜1)以及相位
Figure PCTCN2016088233-appb-000002
用户2可以使用编码矩阵的第2列和第3列来进行时频资源复用，使用功率分配因子
Figure PCTCN2016088233-appb-000003
以及相位
Figure PCTCN2016088233-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2016088233-appb-000005
其中，[1,1]、[2,1]为第一用户，[1,2]、[2,2]、[1,3]、[2,3]为第二用户。
按照MIMO方式应用假设使用2个波束，用户1和用户2归为波束1，用户3和用户4归为波束2，波束1和波束2采用SDMA预编码来区分。
图5为PDMA与MIMO相结合的检测方案1示意图，接收端如果采用前述方案1来进行检测，如图5所示，则用户1、用户2、用户3、用户4的检测方法类似，均是利用所有用户的信息来进行多用户联合检测，并提取用户自身的信息，其中联合检测算法推荐采用BP-IDD算法。BP-IDD算法的流程如图7所示。
图6为PDMA与MIMO相结合的检测方案2示意图，接收端如果采用前述方案2来进行检测，如图6所示，则对应于各波束的弱功率用户，即用户1和用户3的检测方法类似，均是利用所有用户的信息来进行多用户联合检测，并提取用户自身的信息，其中联合检测算法推荐采用BP-IDD算法。而对应于各波束的强功率用户，即用户2和用户4的检测方法类似，只是利用强功率用户的信息，即用户2和用户4来进行多用户联合检测，并提取用户自身的信息，其中联合检测算法推荐采用BP-IDD算法。
图7为BP-IDD算法的检测流程示意图，如图所示，在接收到包含k个用户的接收信号后，首先进行OFDM解调，然后利用BP多用户检测器进行基于置信传播的检测，经过迭代译码检测的交织、解交织及Turbo解码器处理后，经过判决处理，即可根据用户信息确定出用户的信号。
基于同一发明构思，本申请实施例中还提供了一种多用户数据的发送装置、一种多用户数据的接收装置，由于这些装置解决问题的原理与一种多用户数据的发送方法、一种多用户数据的接收方法相似，因此这些设备的实施可以参见方法的实施，重复之处不再赘述。
图8为多用户数据的发送装置结构示意图，如图所示，装置中可以包括：
编码调制模块801，用于在多用户数据经过信道编码后，根据编码矩阵对每路信道编码后的数据进行编码调制，其中，每路信道数据的码字对应于编码矩阵的列；
功率分配模块802，用于以码字为单位对每路信道数据进行功率分配；
调制符号映射模块803，用于将每路信道数据的码字调制符号映射到MIMO层；
资源映射模块804，用于在进行MIMO预编码后，对每路信道数据进行资源映射；
发送模块805，用于将资源映射后的每路数据分别进行OFDM调制后，进行发送。
实施中，编码调制模块进一步用于按以下方式确定编码矩阵：
确定实际复用N个传输资源的用户设备的数目M，其中，N+1≤M≤2N-1；
根据已配置的表示所述N个传输资源上复用2N-1个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第一编码矩阵，确定表示所述N个传输资源上复用M个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第二编码矩阵；其中，所述第一编码矩阵中每列对应一种不同的编码方式且至少两列具有不等的分集度，所述第二编码矩阵中至少两列具有不等的分集度。
实施中，资源映射模块进一步用于当码字数大于MIMO层数，多个码字的调制符号映射到同一MIMO层上时，在SU-MIMO传输模式下利用功率分配区分映射到同一MIMO层上的码字；
或，资源映射模块进一步用于当码字数大于MIMO层数，多个码字的调制符号映射到同一MIMO层上时，在MU-MIMO传输模式下利用SDMA分组后，利用SDMA分组及功率分配区分映射到同一MIMO层上的码字。
图9为用户数据的接收装置结构示意图，如图所示，装置中可以包括：
接收模块901，用于接收数据；
联合检测模块902，用于对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测；根据码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息，其中，每路信道数据的码字对应于编码矩阵的列；
判决模块903，用于根据用户数据的先验信息分离出用户数据。
实施中，联合检测模块进一步用于按以下方式确定编码矩阵：
确定实际复用N个传输资源的用户设备的数目M，其中，N+1≤M≤2N-1；
根据已配置的表示所述N个传输资源上复用2N-1个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第一编码矩阵，确定表示所述N个传输资源上复用M个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第二编码矩阵；其中，所述第一编码矩阵中每列对应一种不同的编码方式且至少两列具有不等的分集度，所述第二编码矩阵中至少两列具有不等的分集度。
实施中，联合检测模块进一步用于采用BP算法或者基于BP的IDD算法对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测。
实施中，联合检测模块进一步用于在从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息时，同时利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息；或，根据功率对用户数据进行区 别后，对于弱功率用户，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从与弱功率用户同时频资源的用户数据中进行多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息；对于强功率用户，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从本区内邻波束中与强功率用户同时频资源的用户数据中进行多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息。
为了描述的方便，以上所述装置的各部分以功能分为各种模块或单元分别描述。当然，在实施本申请时可以把各模块或单元的功能在同一个或多个软件或硬件中实现。
在实施本申请实施例提供的技术方案时，可以按如下方式实施。
图10为基站结构示意图，如图所示，基站中包括：
处理器1000，用于读取存储器1020中的程序，执行下列过程：
在多用户数据经过信道编码后，根据编码矩阵对每路信道编码后的数据进行编码调制，其中，每路信道数据的码字对应于编码矩阵的列；
以码字为单位对每路信道数据进行功率分配；
将每路信道数据的码字调制符号映射到MIMO层；
在进行MIMO预编码后，对每路信道数据进行资源映射；
将资源映射后的每路数据分别进行OFDM调制；
收发机1010，用于在处理器1000的控制下发送数据，执行下列过程：
发送OFDM调制后的每路数据。
实施中，处理器进一步用于读取存储器中的程序，按以下方式确定编码矩阵：
确定实际复用N个传输资源的用户设备的数目M，其中，N+1≤M≤2N-1；
根据已配置的表示所述N个传输资源上复用2N-1个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第一编码矩阵，确定表示所述N个传输资源上复用M个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第二编码矩阵；其中，所述第一编码矩阵中每列对应一种不同的编码方式且至少两列具有不等的分集度，所述第二编码矩阵中至少两列具有不等的分集度。
实施中，处理器进一步用于读取存储器中的程序，执行下列过程：
当码字数大于MIMO层数，多个码字的调制符号映射到同一MIMO层上时，在SU-MIMO传输模式下利用功率分配区分映射到同一MIMO层上的码字，或在MU-MIMO传输模式下利用SDMA分组后，利用SDMA分组及功率分配区分映射到同一MIMO层上的码字。
其中，在图10中，总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，具体由处理器1000代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器1020代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机 1010可以是多个元件，即包括发送机和收发机，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。处理器1000负责管理总线架构和通常的处理，存储器1020可以存储处理器1000在执行操作时所使用的数据。
图11为用户终端结构示意图，如图所示，用户终端包括：
处理器1100，用于读取存储器1120中的程序，执行下列过程：
对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测；
根据码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息，其中，每路信道数据的码字对应于编码矩阵的列；
根据用户数据的先验信息分离出用户数据；
收发机1110，用于在处理器1100的控制下发送数据，执行下列过程：
接收数据。
实施中，处理器进一步用于读取存储器中的程序，按以下方式确定编码矩阵：
确定实际复用N个传输资源的用户设备的数目M，其中，N+1≤M≤2N-1；
根据已配置的表示所述N个传输资源上复用2N-1个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第一编码矩阵，确定表示所述N个传输资源上复用M个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第二编码矩阵；其中，所述第一编码矩阵中每列对应一种不同的编码方式且至少两列具有不等的分集度，所述第二编码矩阵中至少两列具有不等的分集度。
实施中，处理器在对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测时，采用的联合检测算法是BP算法或者基于BP的IDD算法。
实施中，处理器根据码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息时，具体执行下列过程：
同时利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息；
或，根据功率对用户数据进行区别后，对于弱功率用户，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从与弱功率用户同时频资源的用户数据中进行多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息；对于强功率用户，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从本区内邻波束中与强功率用户同时频资源的用户数据中进行多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息。
其中，在图11中，总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，具体由处理器1100代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器1120代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机1110 可以是多个元件，即包括发送机和接收机，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。针对不同的用户设备，用户接口1130还可以是能够外接内接需要设备的接口，连接的设备包括但不限于小键盘、显示器、扬声器、麦克风、操纵杆等。
处理器1100负责管理总线架构和通常的处理，存储器1120可以存储处理器1100在执行操作时所使用的数据。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供的技术方案，是应用于OFDM下行系统的PDMA与MIMO结合的方案，包括发送端PDMA采用时频资源的编码域、功率域、空域的结合来区分多用户，接收端用户采用在相同时频资源进行PDMA复用和SDMA复用的多用户来进行联合检测。
具体的，在发送端，PDMA采用时频资源的编码域、功率域、空域的结合来区分多用户，PDMA与MIMO结合相对于已有MIMO模式能够进一步提升接入用户数。
在接收端，用户采用在相同时频资源进行PDMA复用的多用户来进行联合检测。进一步的还提供了：
方案1：各用户利用所有PDMA、SDMA用户信息检测。
方案2：强功率用户只利用PDMA、SDMA强功率用户信息检测。
和已有MIMO模式相比，采用本方案能够提升接入用户数；和NTT DoCoMo的NOMA-MIMO方案相比，能够提升接收端的检测准确度。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种多用户数据的发送方法，其特征在于，包括：
    在多用户数据经过信道编码后，根据编码矩阵对每路信道编码后的数据进行编码调制，其中，每路信道数据的码字对应于编码矩阵的列；
    以码字为单位对每路信道数据进行功率分配；
    将每路信道数据的码字调制符号映射到多入多出MIMO层；
    在进行MIMO预编码后，对每路信道数据进行资源映射；
    将资源映射后的每路数据分别进行正交频分复用OFDM调制后，进行发送。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，编码矩阵的确定方式为：
    确定实际复用N个传输资源的用户设备的数目M，其中，N+1≤M≤2N-1；
    根据已配置的表示所述N个传输资源上复用2N-1个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第一编码矩阵，确定表示所述N个传输资源上复用M个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第二编码矩阵；其中，所述第一编码矩阵中每列对应一种不同的编码方式且至少两列具有不等的分集度，所述第二编码矩阵中至少两列具有不等的分集度。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，当码字数大于MIMO层数，多个码字的调制符号映射到同一MIMO层上时，在单用户MIMO传输模式下利用功率分配区分映射到同一MIMO层上的码字；或，在多用户MIMO传输模式下利用空分复用多址接入SDMA分组后，利用SDMA分组及功率分配区分映射到同一MIMO层上的码字。
  4. 一种用户数据的接收方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收数据；
    对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测；
    根据码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息，其中，每路信道数据的码字对应于编码矩阵的列；
    根据用户数据的先验信息分离出用户数据。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，编码矩阵的确定方式为：
    确定实际复用N个传输资源的用户设备的数目M，其中，N+1≤M≤2N-1；
    根据已配置的表示所述N个传输资源上复用2N-1个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第一编码矩阵，确定表示所述N个传输资源上复用M个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第二编码矩阵；其中，所述第一编码矩阵中每列对应一种不同的编码方式且至少两列具有不等的分集度，所述第二编码矩阵中至少两列具有不等的分集度。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，在对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测时，采用的联合检测算法是置信传播BP算法或者基于BP的迭代译码IDD算法。
  7. 如权利要求4或5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，根据码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息，包括：
    同时利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息；
    或，根据功率对用户数据进行区别后，对于弱功率用户，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从与弱功率用户同时频资源的用户数据中进行多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息；对于强功率用户，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从本区内邻波束中与强功率用户同时频资源的用户数据中进行多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息。
  8. 一种多用户数据的发送装置，其特征在于，包括：
    编码调制模块，用于在多用户数据经过信道编码后，根据编码矩阵对每路信道编码后的数据进行编码调制，其中，每路信道数据的码字对应于编码矩阵的列；
    功率分配模块，用于以码字为单位对每路信道数据进行功率分配；
    调制符号映射模块，用于将每路信道数据的码字调制符号映射到MIMO层；
    资源映射模块，用于在进行MIMO预编码后，对每路信道数据进行资源映射；
    发送模块，用于将资源映射后的每路数据分别进行OFDM调制后，进行发送。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于，编码调制模块进一步用于按以下方式确定编码矩阵：
    确定实际复用N个传输资源的用户设备的数目M，其中，N+1≤M≤2N-1；
    根据已配置的表示所述N个传输资源上复用2N-1个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第一编码矩阵，确定表示所述N个传输资源上复用M个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第二编码矩阵；其中，所述第一编码矩阵中每列对应一种不同的编码方式且至少两列具有不等的分集度，所述第二编码矩阵中至少两列具有不等的分集度。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的装置，其特征在于，资源映射模块进一步用于当码字数大于MIMO层数，多个码字的调制符号映射到同一MIMO层上时，在单用户MIMO传输模式下利用功率分配区分映射到同一MIMO层上的码字；
    或，
    资源映射模块进一步用于当码字数大于MIMO层数，多个码字的调制符号映射到同一MIMO层上时，在多用户MIMO传输模式下利用SDMA分组后，利用SDMA分组及功率分配区分映射到同一MIMO层上的码字。
  11. 一种用户数据的接收装置，其特征在于，包括：
    接收模块，用于接收数据；
    联合检测模块，用于对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测；根据码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息，其中，每路信道数据的码字对应于编码矩阵的列；
    判决模块，用于根据用户数据的先验信息分离出用户数据。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，联合检测模块进一步用于按以下方式确定编码矩阵：
    确定实际复用N个传输资源的用户设备的数目M，其中，N+1≤M≤2N-1；
    根据已配置的表示所述N个传输资源上复用2N-1个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第一编码矩阵，确定表示所述N个传输资源上复用M个用户设备时采用编码叠加形成的第二编码矩阵；其中，所述第一编码矩阵中每列对应一种不同的编码方式且至少两列具有不等的分集度，所述第二编码矩阵中至少两列具有不等的分集度。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，联合检测模块进一步用于采用BP算法或者基于BP的IDD算法对接收的数据进行多用户联合检测。
  14. 如权利要求11或12或13所述的装置，其特征在于，联合检测模块进一步用于在从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息时，同时利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、功率、编码矩阵的码字，从多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息；或，根据功率对用户数据进行区别后，对于弱功率用户，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从与弱功率用户同时频资源的用户数据中进行多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息；对于强功率用户，利用码字调制符号与MIMO层的映射关系、编码矩阵的码字，从本区内邻波束中与强功率用户同时频资源的用户数据中进行多用户联合检测获得的数据中提取用户数据的先验信息。
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