WO2016206290A1 - 车队中车头的选择方法及装置 - Google Patents

车队中车头的选择方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016206290A1
WO2016206290A1 PCT/CN2015/094949 CN2015094949W WO2016206290A1 WO 2016206290 A1 WO2016206290 A1 WO 2016206290A1 CN 2015094949 W CN2015094949 W CN 2015094949W WO 2016206290 A1 WO2016206290 A1 WO 2016206290A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vehicle
candidate
fleet
head
condition
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PCT/CN2015/094949
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马子江
许辉
卢忱
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Priority to EP15896174.8A priority Critical patent/EP3316658B1/en
Publication of WO2016206290A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016206290A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
    • H04W4/08—User group management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
    • H04W84/20—Master-slave selection or change arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/32—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H04W4/46—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P] for vehicle-to-vehicle communication [V2V]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a method and apparatus for selecting a front end of a fleet.
  • D2D Device-to-Device
  • the D2D technology in the related art can work in a licensed band or an unlicensed band, and allows multiple D2D-enabled user equipments, that is, D2D User Equipment (D2D UE) in a network infrastructure or no network infrastructure.
  • D2D UE D2D User Equipment
  • Direct discovery/direct communication in case of.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of discovery/communication of a D2D device through system in the related art.
  • D2D there are mainly three application scenarios of D2D: mode 1, UE1 and UE2 perform data interaction under the coverage of a cellular network, and user plane data does not pass through.
  • Network infrastructure Mode 2, UE relay transmission in weak/uncovered areas, allowing UE4 with poor signal quality to communicate with the network through UE3 with network coverage nearby, which can help operators expand coverage and increase capacity;
  • Mode 3 In the event of an earthquake or emergency, the cellular network is not working properly, allowing direct communication between devices, and the control plane and user plane between UE5, UE6 and UE7 do not go through the network infrastructure for one-hop or multi-hop data communication. .
  • the D2D technology in the related art includes: a D2D discovery technology and a D2D communication technology, where the D2D discovery technology refers to a technology for determining/determining whether the first user equipment is adjacent to the second user equipment. D2D user equipment can discover each other by sending or receiving discovery signals/information; D2D communication technology refers to a technology in which some or all communication data between D2D user equipments can communicate directly without going through the network infrastructure.
  • the scenarios supporting communication include: instant communication and vehicle warning.
  • Vehicle warnings may include: collision warning, lane change warning, etc., but the delay requirements in this scenario are very high.
  • the related art D2D technology cannot be realized.
  • V2V vehicle to vehicle
  • V2V vehicle to vehicle
  • the distance between the two cars is too close: car A and car B are too close, need to pay attention to the driving safety between the cars. If the car A first reports its own position/vehicle speed and other information to the network, and then the network side device notifies the car B, the car B obtains the position of the car A/vehicle speed and other information, and the car B cannot quickly avoid the car.
  • V2V vehicle to vehicle
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of vehicle networking communication in the related art.
  • V2I communication is also called V2R vehicle to roadside equipment (Vehicle to R, referred to as V2R) communication
  • R is the roadside equipment (Radio Side Unit, referred to as RSU)
  • V2I and V2R communication refers to the communication between the vehicle and the network.
  • the network side device may be: an RSU, a Node B (eNB), a relay, and the like.
  • V2V communication is suitable, and further, V2V communication can adopt the above D2D technology defined by 3GPP.
  • each vehicle supporting V2V communication needs to obtain the resources required for communication; for example, physical resources such as communication frequency and time slot, when V2V communication adopts D2D technology defined by 3GPP, V2V communication is required Resources can be obtained in a competitive manner.
  • the way to compete can be: first use first, but this way may cause resource congestion and collision in areas with many vehicles.
  • the same resource includes: the same frequency resource and time slot resource, which may cause these vehicles to be unable to use the resource, thereby making these No information about the car can be sent. Therefore, in the V2V communication, if the vehicle obtains the resources in the resource pool in a competitive manner, it is easy to cause a collision and the vehicle information cannot be transmitted in time.
  • resources can be allocated and scheduled for each vehicle by the network, so that when V2V communication, multiple vehicles will not be used at the same time. With the same resources, the information for each vehicle can also be sent out in a timely manner. That is to say, in the vehicle safety related vehicle networking application scenario, V2V communication is required, but when the vehicle V2V communication needs to be avoided in the vehicle-intensive area, there may be communication failure or delay caused by the resource collision.
  • the main objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for selecting a front end of a fleet, so as to at least solve the problem that the network side device is difficult to allocate and schedule resources for vehicles in each fleet when the vehicle fleet is relatively large in one area. The problem.
  • a method of selecting a front end of a fleet comprising: after the vehicle in the fleet receives a trigger message sent from a network side device for indicating selection of a candidate front, the fleet The vehicle in the vehicle determines whether it satisfies the condition of becoming the candidate vehicle head; when the determination result is YES, the vehicle in the vehicle fleet selects one of the vehicles in the vehicle that has become the candidate vehicle head according to a preset rule as the front end Wherein the vehicle that becomes the front of the fleet has the authority to manage the fleet.
  • the trigger message carries a condition that becomes the candidate vehicle head
  • the condition that the vehicle in the vehicle team determines whether it meets the candidate vehicle head includes: the vehicle in the vehicle fleet reads the trigger message, And determining whether it satisfies the condition of becoming the candidate vehicle head; or, when the vehicle in the vehicle fleet cannot read the trigger message, the vehicle in the vehicle team determines whether it is the candidate vehicle head according to locally stored conditions.
  • condition for the candidate front includes at least one of: a device capability requirement of the vehicle, location information of the vehicle in the fleet, and device signal quality information of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle in the vehicle fleet selects one of the vehicles as the vehicle head according to a preset rule from the vehicle that has become the candidate vehicle head, and includes: the vehicle in the fleet integrates the condition from the already become the candidate vehicle head.
  • a vehicle in which all conditions are superior to other candidate fronts is selected as the front of the vehicle; or, when the conditions that have become the candidate front are equivalent, the vehicle in the fleet selects the front of the vehicle according to one of the following: the vehicle The device identification is the smallest, the vehicle's equipment capability is the strongest, the vehicle's equipment information quality is optimal, and the vehicle's fleet location is optimal.
  • the method further includes: the current front of the vehicle is not available in the fleet Before the management authority of the fleet, the vehicle in the fleet receives the trigger message sent from the network side device and/or the current vehicle head to indicate that the candidate vehicle head is selected, wherein the trigger The message carries a condition that becomes the candidate head; the vehicle in the fleet determines whether it satisfies the condition of becoming the candidate head.
  • the method includes: the vehicle in the fleet that is not the candidate vehicle head receives the notification that is the candidate vehicle head sent by the vehicle that is the candidate vehicle head first. a message that the vehicle that is not a candidate for the vehicle head in the fleet determines that the condition is superior to the condition of the vehicle that has become the candidate vehicle head according to the notification message, and determines that the vehicle becomes the candidate vehicle head; or that the vehicle team does not become the candidate vehicle head After receiving the notification message, the vehicle prohibits itself from becoming the candidate vehicle head.
  • a vehicle head selection device in a fleet comprising: a determination module configured to: after a vehicle in the fleet receives a trigger message sent from a network side device for indicating selection of a candidate vehicle head Determining whether it satisfies the condition that the candidate head is satisfied; the selecting module is configured to, when the determination result is YES, select one of the vehicles from the vehicle that has become the candidate vehicle head according to a preset rule as the front end, wherein The vehicle that becomes the front of the fleet has the authority to manage the fleet.
  • the trigger message carries a condition that becomes the candidate vehicle head
  • the determining module includes: a first determining unit, configured to read the trigger message, and determine whether it meets the condition that the candidate vehicle head is satisfied
  • the second judging unit is configured to determine whether the driver is the candidate head according to the locally stored condition when the vehicle in the fleet cannot read the trigger message.
  • condition for the candidate front includes at least one of: a device capability requirement of the vehicle, location information of the vehicle in the fleet, and device signal quality information of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle in the vehicle fleet includes, as a vehicle head, a vehicle selected from one of the vehicles that have become the candidate vehicle head according to a preset rule: a first selection unit configured to integrate the condition from the In the vehicle of the candidate vehicle head, all conditions are superior to other candidate vehicle heads as the vehicle head; or the second selection unit is set to be equivalent to the following conditions when the vehicle that has become the candidate vehicle head is equivalent
  • a vehicle head a vehicle selected from one of the vehicles that have become the candidate vehicle head according to a preset rule: a first selection unit configured to integrate the condition from the In the vehicle of the candidate vehicle head, all conditions are superior to other candidate vehicle heads as the vehicle head; or the second selection unit is set to be equivalent to the following conditions when the vehicle that has become the candidate vehicle head is equivalent
  • the way to choose the front the vehicle's equipment identification is the smallest, the vehicle's equipment capacity is the strongest, the vehicle's equipment information quality is the best, and the vehicle's fleet location is optimal.
  • the vehicle in the vehicle team determines whether it satisfies the condition of becoming the candidate vehicle head;
  • the vehicle in the fleet selects one of the vehicles in the vehicle that has become the candidate vehicle head according to a preset rule as the front end, wherein the vehicle that becomes the front of the vehicle fleet has the authority to manage the vehicle fleet, and the related art is solved by the present invention.
  • the network side equipment When there are many vehicles in one area, it is difficult for the network side equipment to allocate and schedule resources for each vehicle, which fills a gap in the related art.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of discovery/communication of a D2D device through system in the related art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of vehicle networking communication in the related art
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method of selecting a front end of a vehicle fleet in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the structure of a vehicle head selection device in a fleet according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram 1 of an optional structure of a vehicle head selection device in a fleet according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram 2 of an optional structure of a vehicle head selection device in a fleet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flow diagram of a method for autonomously initiating a vehicle head selection/reselection by a fleet member in a fleet in accordance with an alternate embodiment of the present invention.
  • the communication-based collision early warning system utilizes advanced wireless cellular communication technology to realize real-time information interaction between the vehicle, the vehicle, the vehicle and the roadside infrastructure, and inform each other of the current
  • the state includes: the position, speed, acceleration, driving path, and the like of the vehicle; and knowing the road environment information, collaboratively sensing the dangerous state of the road, and providing various collision warning information in time to prevent the occurrence of road traffic safety accidents.
  • V2V communication is adopted, and the V2V communication can adopt the D2D technology defined by 3GPP.
  • each vehicle supporting V2V communication needs to obtain the resources required for communication; when the V2V communication adopts the D2D technology, the resources required for V2V communication can be obtained in a competitive manner, and the competition mode can be: The first use is obtained; but this method may cause resource congestion and collision in a region with a large number of vehicles. Therefore, in the V2V communication, if the vehicle obtains the resources in the resource pool in a competitive manner, it is easy to cause a collision and the vehicle information cannot be sent out in time.
  • the vehicles in the vehicle network are managed in a fleet manner, wherein each fleet is composed of a plurality of vehicles, and the unit carrying the vehicle network communication in the vehicle is also referred to as an on-board unit (On-Board Unit, short for For OBU), each car in 3GPP can be regarded as a user equipment (UE), which is a UE group.
  • OBU on-board unit
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for selecting a front end of a vehicle fleet according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the steps of the method include:
  • Step S402 After the vehicle in the fleet receives the trigger message sent from the network side device for indicating the selection of the candidate vehicle head, the vehicle in the vehicle team determines whether it satisfies the condition of becoming the candidate vehicle head;
  • Step S404 When the determination result is YES, the vehicle in the vehicle fleet selects one of the vehicles as the front end according to the preset rule from the vehicle that has become the candidate vehicle head, wherein the vehicle that becomes the front of the vehicle fleet has the management fleet. Permissions.
  • the vehicle in the vehicle team determines whether it satisfies the condition of becoming the candidate vehicle head, and determines When the result is YES, the vehicle in the vehicle fleet selects one of the vehicles in the vehicle that has become the candidate vehicle head according to a preset rule as the front end, wherein the vehicle that becomes the front of the vehicle fleet has the authority to manage the vehicle fleet, and the vehicle fleet is managed by the present embodiment.
  • the front of the car is selected, and the team is managed by the front management. It solves the problem that the network side equipment is difficult to allocate and dispatch resources for each vehicle in the vehicle when there are more vehicles in one area in the related technology, and the related technology is filled.
  • Whitespace the network side equipment is difficult to allocate and dispatch resources for each vehicle in the vehicle when there are more vehicles in one area in the related technology, and the related technology is filled.
  • the trigger message involved in this embodiment may be a system broadcast message of the network side device or a dedicated signaling, and the dedicated signaling may be used in the optional implementation manner of this embodiment. Is the signaling in the V2I communication; therefore, when the trigger message carries the condition of becoming the candidate head, the manner in which the vehicle in the fleet in the step S402 determines whether it satisfies the condition of becoming the candidate for the vehicle head is in the present embodiment.
  • the following can be implemented:
  • Method 1 The vehicle in the fleet reads the trigger message and determines whether it satisfies the condition of becoming the candidate head;
  • Method 2 When the vehicle in the fleet cannot read the trigger message, the vehicle in the fleet determines whether it is a candidate for the vehicle based on the conditions stored locally.
  • the vehicle receiving the trigger message when the vehicle receiving the trigger message can read the trigger message, it determines whether it can become a candidate vehicle head according to the condition of the candidate vehicle head carried by the trigger message, if the vehicle cannot read the trigger.
  • the message can only judge whether it is a candidate head according to the condition of local storage under the trigger of the trigger message.
  • the condition of the local storage is a condition that the network side device configured by the fleet vehicle under the original network coverage is a candidate for the front of the vehicle, That is to say, the conditions for becoming the candidate heads in both modes are from the network side devices.
  • the device capability requirement of the vehicle, the position information of the vehicle in the vehicle fleet, and the device signal quality information of the vehicle may be included. .
  • the optional embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the present invention. Other conditions for determining the capabilities of the vehicle equipment are within the scope of the present invention, and the specific application scenarios may also be increased according to requirements. The conditions that become the candidate for the front, such as vehicle performance.
  • the vehicle in the fleet selects one of the vehicles as the front of the vehicle from the vehicle that has become the candidate for the vehicle according to the preset rule.
  • the embodiment can be implemented as follows:
  • Method 3 The vehicle comprehensive condition in the fleet is selected as the front of the vehicle from all the vehicles that have become the candidate for the head;
  • each candidate car head informs other fleet vehicles (including other candidate car heads) of their own conditions, such as: UE ID, UE capability requirements, UE signal quality requirements, and location requirements of the team. Wait.
  • each candidate head can receive information of other candidate heads, so that each candidate head can compare the conditions of itself and other candidate heads, and then obtain a candidate head condition better than other candidate heads, then the candidate The front will become the new front.
  • Mode 4 When the conditions in the third mode have become candidate heads, the vehicles in the fleet select the head according to one of the following methods: the vehicle has the smallest equipment identification, the vehicle has the strongest equipment capability, and the vehicle has the most equipment information quality. Excellent, the location of the vehicle fleet is optimal.
  • the method of the embodiment may further include:
  • Step S11 the vehicle that is not the candidate for the front of the vehicle fleet receives the notification message that is the candidate vehicle head sent by the vehicle that is the candidate for the first vehicle head;
  • Step S12 When the vehicle that is not the candidate for the vehicle head in the fleet determines that the condition is better than the condition of the vehicle that has become the candidate vehicle head according to the notification message, it is determined that the vehicle becomes the candidate vehicle head; or the vehicle that is not the candidate vehicle head in the vehicle fleet receives the notification message. After that, it is forbidden to become a candidate for the front.
  • the vehicle that is the first candidate for the front of the vehicle transmits a notification message for instructing to become the candidate vehicle head to the other vehicles in the vehicle fleet, and the vehicle that has received the notification message and has not yet become the candidate vehicle head adopts two types of vehicles.
  • the mode (1) determining whether the self condition is superior to the vehicle that sent the notification message, and if so, becomes the candidate front, if otherwise the reverse; (2) the vehicle does not become the candidate for the vehicle as long as the notification message is received.
  • the method of the embodiment further relates to a scheme for re-selecting the front end.
  • the vehicle in the vehicle fleet selects one of the vehicles as the front end according to a preset rule from the vehicle that has become the candidate front, the current front of the vehicle is not available in the vehicle.
  • the vehicle in the fleet receives a trigger message sent from the network side device and/or the current vehicle head for indicating the selection of the candidate vehicle head, wherein the trigger message carries the condition that becomes the candidate vehicle head; the vehicle in the vehicle team judges Whether it is a condition for becoming a candidate for the front of the car.
  • the current head or network side device sends a trigger message for selecting the candidate head to other vehicles in the fleet, and how to select the candidate head and the candidate head.
  • the manner in which the front end is selected is the same as the manner in which the first selection of the front end is selected in the present embodiment.
  • a device for selecting a front end of a vehicle fleet is provided, which is used to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and optional embodiments, and has not been described again.
  • the term “module” may implement a combination of software and/or hardware of a predetermined function.
  • the apparatus described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.
  • the device includes: a determination module 52 configured to receive a vehicle sent from a network side device for indicating selection in a vehicle. After the trigger message of the candidate vehicle head, it is judged whether it satisfies the condition of becoming the candidate vehicle head; the selection module 54 is coupled with the determination module 52, and is set to select from the vehicle that has become the candidate vehicle head according to the preset rule when the determination result is YES.
  • One of the vehicles is used as a front end, wherein the vehicle that becomes the front of the fleet has the authority to manage the fleet.
  • the trigger message involved in this embodiment may be a system broadcast message of the network side device or a dedicated signaling, and the dedicated signaling may be used in the optional implementation manner of this embodiment.
  • the trigger message carries the condition of becoming the candidate vehicle head
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram 1 of an optional structure of the vehicle head selection device in the vehicle fleet according to the embodiment of the present invention, based on the trigger message, as shown in FIG.
  • the judging module 52 includes: a first judging unit 62 configured to read the trigger message and determine whether it satisfies the condition that becomes the candidate head; or the second judging unit 64 is set to be unreadable by the vehicle in the fleet. In the case of a message, it is judged whether it is a candidate for the head according to the condition of the local storage.
  • the condition of the local storage is a condition that the network side device configured by the fleet vehicle read under the original network coverage becomes a candidate head. That is to say, the conditions in the first judging unit 62 and the second judging unit 64 that become the candidate heads are all from the network side device.
  • the condition to be the candidate front includes at least one of: a device capability requirement of the vehicle, location information of the vehicle in the fleet, and device signal quality information of the vehicle.
  • the optional embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the present invention. Other conditions for determining the capabilities of the vehicle equipment are within the scope of the present invention, and the specific application scenarios may also be increased according to requirements.
  • the conditions that become the candidate for the front such as vehicle performance.
  • the selection module 54 includes: a first selection unit 72 configured to comprehensively condition a vehicle that has become a candidate vehicle head. All conditions of the lieutenant are better than other candidate head vehicles to choose to be the front; or, the second selection unit 74 is set to When the conditions of the vehicle that has become the candidate for the front of the vehicle are equivalent, the vehicle head is selected according to one of the following methods: the vehicle has the smallest equipment identification, the vehicle has the strongest equipment capability, the vehicle's equipment information quality is optimal, and the vehicle's fleet position is optimal. .
  • each candidate car head informs other fleet vehicles (including other candidate car heads) of their own conditions, such as: UE ID, UE capability requirement, UE signal quality requirement, The location of the team is required.
  • each candidate head can receive information of other candidate heads, so that each candidate head can compare the conditions of itself and other candidate heads, and then obtain a candidate head condition better than other candidate heads, then the candidate The front will become the new front.
  • the second selection unit 74 performs a corresponding operation when the candidate head conditions in the first selection unit are equivalent.
  • the present alternative embodiment provides a method for a team member to independently select/reselect a vehicle head in a fleet of vehicles, and a method for the network to select/reselect a vehicle head for the fleet.
  • the steps of the method include:
  • Step S502 triggering a process in which the team member (ie, the fleet vehicle) starts the "autonomous selection/reselection of the front" according to the first preset condition;
  • the first preset condition includes one or more of the following conditions: 1) the network side device instructs the team member to independently select the front end; 2) the current front end no longer has the control/management capability of the front end;
  • the network side device may broadcast a message through the system; or notify the team members through dedicated signaling, that is, notify the team members through the V2I communication.
  • the current head communicates via V2V, notifying the team member that it is no longer the front, for example, when the current front is about to leave the team.
  • the V2V communication in the optional embodiment may be a D2D unicast mode or a D2D broadcast mode; or the network side device may notify the team member that the current front end is no longer the front end and authorize the team member to reauthorize a front end through V2I communication.
  • Step S504 determining, according to the second preset condition, one or more team members to become candidate car heads;
  • the team members can judge whether they meet the conditions and become the candidate for the front, and after the team members judge that they become the candidate for the front, notify the other team members that they have become the candidate.
  • Each team member becomes a candidate and sends a notification message to all team members (including other candidate cars) to inform them that they have become candidates.
  • team members can know which team members/team members are candidates for the car.
  • the content of the notification message includes one or more of the following: an identifier of the candidate front, capability information of the candidate front, signal quality of the candidate front, location information of the candidate front (eg, relative position in the fleet, or absolute) Bit Set the coordinates).
  • the notification manner of the notification message may be V2V communication between the candidate vehicle head and the team member, and may be implemented by using D2D technology defined by 3GPP.
  • the air interface between the vehicle and the vehicle adopts the PC5 interface defined in the 3GPP D2D technology.
  • V2V communication can adopt D2D unicast method, such as PTP mode, or D2D multicast mode, such as PTM mode.
  • the second preset condition involved in the step S504 may include one or more of the following conditions:
  • Condition 1 The network side device notifies the team members to become the requirements that the candidate car head needs to meet;
  • Condition 3 If a member of the team receives a notice from the candidate's front, the member will not attempt to become a candidate, and the team member will not receive the notification from the candidate's front in the team. Become a candidate for the front;
  • Condition 4 Although the team members received notice from the candidate's front of the team, they believed that they could provide better fleet management/control for the team after becoming the new head.
  • the network side device can notify the team members through the system broadcast message or through dedicated signaling.
  • the condition that the team member himself or herself stores the candidate for the front of the vehicle may be the condition that the team member originally configured to be the candidate for the vehicle-side device that is read under the network coverage, and the condition of the candidate for the head is the candidate. It can be a condition of the network configuration that is read when the team members register to the network.
  • Step S506 selecting one of the plurality of candidate fronts to become a new front
  • the manner of selecting the final head from the plurality of candidate heads may include:
  • Each candidate car head informs other team members (including other candidate car heads) related information, which carries: UE ID, UE capability requirements, UE signal quality requirements, and the location requirements of the team. Furthermore, each candidate head can receive information of other candidate heads, so that each candidate head can compare itself with other candidate heads, and the conditions for knowing one candidate head are better than other candidate heads, and the candidate head is selected. Determined to be the new front.
  • Mode 2 Based on the above manner 1, when there are several candidate heads in the candidate vehicle head, the conditions are equivalent, such as: the UE ID is the smallest, or the UE capability is the strongest, or the UE information quality is the best, or the vehicle fleet is The best position), choose a candidate car head for the new car head.
  • the candidate head with the smallest UE ID is selected as the new head, and the candidate head with the core of the selected team position is the new head, and the UE is selected.
  • the most capable candidate is the new front, or queued according to the ID, ability and position information of the candidate, and finally selects a candidate for the new front.
  • Step S508 Reporting to the network side device and/or the team member that the team member has become a new front after the team member becomes the new head.
  • the new vehicle head reports V2I communication to the network side device, and the new vehicle head reports to the team member that V2V communication is adopted, such as 3GPP D2D unicast mode or 3GPP D2D multicast mode.
  • the content of the new front report also includes at least: the front end identifier UE ID, the vehicle group identifier (Vehicle group ID), the information of the team members, for example: the UE ID of each team member, and may also include: the speed of the team and / Or location information and/or the number of team members; where the team speed is not the speed of a certain team member, but the average speed of the entire team; the team position is not a member of the team, but the position occupied by the entire team; the team The number of members can be expressed in group size.
  • the new front report includes: Vehicle group head ID, Vehicle group ID, Vehicle group speed, Vehicle group position, Vehicle group size. ), the vehicle member ID list (Vehicle member ID list).
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method for autonomously initiating a vehicle head selection/reselection in a fleet of vehicles in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the steps of the method may include:
  • Step S802 determining whether the condition for triggering the start of the front head selection/reselection process is satisfied, and if the determination result is yes, executing step S804;
  • Step S804 the team member starts the front head selection/reselection process
  • Step S806 determining whether the condition of the preset selection candidate front is satisfied; when the determination result is yes, executing step S808;
  • Step S808 selecting one or more team members to become candidate car heads
  • Step S810 selecting a new front from one or more candidate fronts
  • Step S812 The team member who becomes the new front is notified to the network side device and/or all team members that it has become a new front.
  • the network can also directly select a front end based on the information of the team members and notify the team members that a certain team member becomes the new front.
  • the network side equipment is a method for the team members to select/reselect a front head
  • the network side device decides that a front end needs to be selected/reselected for a fleet, and the front end controls/manages V2V communication between the team members, the network uses V2I communication to notify the team members.
  • the bearer of the V2I communication may be one or more of the following modes: SC-PTM single cell point-to-multipoint, PTM point-to-multipoint, PTP point-to-point.
  • the network side device uses V2I communication to notify the team members of the information including at least the new front identifier, and may also include one or more of the following: the fleet identifier, ie, the vehicle group ID, the identifier of each team member. Resources used by the team.
  • the team member reselects a front of the vehicle. If the network finds that a certain front is not suitable for the front, the network side equipment decides to reselect a front for a fleet;
  • the network side device determines that a certain front is not suitable for the front of the vehicle (for example, the front of the vehicle leaves the vehicle, or the front of the vehicle is at the edge of the vehicle), the network reclaims the control/management rights of the current front; the communication between the network side device and the current front, With V2I communication, the bearer is a PTP dedicated bearer.
  • the network selects a team member as the new front and informs the team members that a certain team member has become the new front.
  • the method further includes: the method for the network side device to select/reselect a vehicle head for the team member, the method may include:
  • Step S902 The network side device determines whether it is necessary to replace the current front head. If yes, the network side device notifies the current front head and/or the team member that the current front end is no longer the front end;
  • Step S904 The network side device selects a new front head
  • Step S906 The network side device notifies a certain team member that it has become a new front, and the network side device notifies the team member that a certain team member becomes the new front.
  • the premise that the network side device reselects a front for the team members is that the current front requires itself to abandon the identity of the front (ie, the current front releases the control of the fleet), or the network side. It is decided to re-elect a front for a team.
  • the current front informs the network side device that it gives up the identity of the front (ie, releases the control/management rights of the fleet), and the current front informs the team members to abandon the identity of the front (ie, release the control/management of the fleet).
  • the communication mode reported by the current vehicle head to the network side device may use V2I communication, and the current vehicle head reports to the team member that the V2V communication is adopted, and the bearer may adopt the 3GPP D2D unicast mode or the 3GPP D2D multicast mode; then the network side device selects a fleet.
  • the members are new heads and inform the team members that a team member has become the new head.
  • the network side device uses the V2I communication method to notify the team members of the information including at least the new head identifier, and the fleet identifier, such as the vehicle group ID, the identifier of each team member (Vehicle ID), and the UE ID. To identify the resources used by the team.
  • the network side equipment selects a front for the team members, that is, the team has no front.
  • the management/control of the team is implemented by the network side equipment. Therefore, the network side equipment selects a team member as the new front and informs the team members of a certain team member. Become a new front.
  • a storage medium is further provided, wherein the software includes the above-mentioned software, including but not limited to: an optical disk, a floppy disk, a hard disk, an erasable memory, and the like.
  • modules or steps of the present invention can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, which can be concentrated on a single computing device or distributed over a network composed of multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device such that they may be stored in the storage device for execution by the computing device and, in some cases, may be performed in a different order than herein.
  • the steps shown or described are either made separately into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps are fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
  • the vehicle in the vehicle team determines whether it satisfies the condition of becoming the candidate vehicle head; At the time, the vehicles in the fleet are selected from the vehicles that have become the candidate heads according to the preset rules.
  • a vehicle as a front end wherein the vehicle that becomes the front of the vehicle has the authority to manage the vehicle; and the present invention solves the problem that the network side device is difficult to allocate and schedule resources for each vehicle when there are many vehicles in one area in the related art. The problem fills the gap in the related technology.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种车队中车头的选择方法及装置，其中该方法包括：在车队中的车辆接收来自网络侧设备发送的用于指示选择候选车头的触发消息后，车队中的车辆判断自身是否满足成为候选车头的条件；在判断结果为是时，车队中的车辆从已成为候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头，其中，车队中成为车头的车辆具有管理车队的权限；通过本发明，解决了相关技术中在一个区域中车辆比较多时，网络侧设备难以为每个车辆都分配和调度资源的问题，填补了相关技术中的空白。

Description

车队中车头的选择方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域，具体而言，涉及一种车队中车头的选择方法及装置。
背景技术
随着无线多媒体业务的发展，人们对高数据速率和用户体验的需求日益增长，从而对传统蜂窝网络的系统容量和覆盖提出了较高要求。另一方面公共安全、社交网络、近距离数据共享、本地广告等应用场景使得人们对了解附近人或事物并与之通信邻近服务(Proximity Services，简称为PS)的需求逐渐增加。传统的以基站为中心的蜂窝网络在高数据速率以及邻近服务的支持方面存在明显的局限性，在这种需求背景下，代表未来通信技术发展新方向的设备到设备(Device-to-Device，简称为D2D)技术应运而生。D2D技术的应用，可以减轻蜂窝网络的负担、减少用户设备的电池功耗、提高数据速率，并改善网络基础设施的鲁棒性，很好地满足上述高数据速率业务和邻近服务的要求。
相关技术中的D2D技术可以工作在授权频段或非授权频段，允许多个支持D2D功能的用户设备，即D2D用户设备(D2D User Equipment，简称为D2D UE)在有网络基础设施或无网络基础设施的情况下进行直接发现/直接通信。
图1是相关技术中D2D设备直通系统发现/通信示意图，如图1所示，D2D的应用场景主要有三种：模式1，UE1和UE2在蜂窝网络的覆盖下进行数据交互，用户面数据不经过网络基础设施；模式2，在弱/无覆盖区域的UE中继传输，允许信号质量较差的UE4通过附近有网络覆盖的UE3与网络进行通信，能帮助运营商扩展覆盖、提高容量；模式3，在发生地震或紧急情况，蜂窝网络不能正常工作的情况下，允许设备间直接通信，UE5，UE6和UE7间控制面和用户面都不经过网络基础设施而进行一跳或多跳的数据通信。
另外，相关技术中的D2D技术包括：D2D发现技术和D2D通信技术，其中，D2D发现技术是指用于判断/确定第一用户设备是否邻近第二用户设备的技术。D2D用户设备间可通过发送或接收发现信号/信息来发现对方；D2D通信技术是指D2D用户设备之间部分或全部通信数据可以不通过网络基础设施而直接进行通信的技术。
基于D2D技术的以上特点和优势，相关技术已经提出使用蜂窝无线通信以及D2D技术来实现车联网应用，支持通信的场景包括：即时通信和车辆预警两个方面。车辆预警可能会包括：碰撞预警、变道预警等，但这种场景下对时延的要求非常高， 相关技术的D2D技术无法实现。
图2是相关技术中车辆交通的示意图，如图2所示，车联网通信中，许多场景下车辆与车辆之间的通信，即车车通信(Vehicle to Vehicle，简称为V2V)需要满足低时延和高可靠的指标要求。比如：两辆车之间距离太近：车A和车B太近，需要注意车之间的行车安全。如果车A先将其自身的位置/车速等信息报告给网络，再由网络侧设备通知车B，则车B获得车A的位置/车速等信息有延时，会导致车B无法迅速避让车A。
图3是相关技术中车联网通信的示意图，如图3所示，在车联网通信中，将这种车与网络间的通信称为车对路侧基础设施(Vehicle to Infrastructure，简称为V2I)。V2I通信也称为V2R车对路边设备(Vehicle to R，简称为V2R)通信，R就是路边设备(Radio Side Unit，简称为RSU)，V2I和V2R通信就是指Vehicle与网络间的通信，网络侧设备可以是：RSU、节点B(eNB)、中继(Relay)等。
因此，在这些与车辆安全相关的应用场景下，采用V2V通信比较合适，进一步地，V2V通信可以采用3GPP所定义的上述D2D技术。为了实现V2V通信，每辆支持V2V通信的车辆都需要获得通信所需的资源；例如：通信的频率和时隙等物理资源，当V2V通信采用3GPP所定义的D2D技术时候，V2V通信所需要的资源可以采用竞争的方式获得，该竞争的方式可以是：先得到的先用，但这种方式可能在车辆多的区域下，产生资源拥塞和碰撞。如：有一块事先分配好的资源块，但多个车辆都使用相同的资源，该相同的资源包括：相同的频率资源和时隙资源，进而会导致这些车都无法使用该资源，从而使得这些车的信息都无法发送出去。因此，在V2V通信中如果车辆采用竞争的方式获得资源池中资源，很容易产生碰撞而导致车辆信息不能及时发送出去。
也就是说，在一个区域中如果车辆比较多，为了避免这些车辆竞争资源而导致拥塞，可以由网络为每个车都分配和调度资源，这样V2V通信时候，就不会出现多个车同时使用相同资源的情况了，每辆车的信息也可以及时地发送出去了。即在车辆安全相关的车联网应用场景下，需要采用V2V通信，但在车辆密集区域需要避免车辆V2V通信时会存在资源碰撞引起车联网的通信故障或延迟。
由上述可知，目前相关技术中存在的问题是，在一个区域中车队比较多时，网络侧设备难以为每个车队中的车辆都分配和调度资源；针对相关技术中上述问题，目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明实施例的主要目的在于提供一种车队中车头的选择方法及装置，以至少解决相关技术中在一个区域中车队比较多时，网络侧设备难以为每个车队中的车辆都分配和调度资源的问题。
根据本发明实施例的一个方面，提供了一种车队中车头的选择方法，包括：在所述车队中的车辆接收来自网络侧设备发送的用于指示选择候选车头的触发消息后，所述车队中的车辆判断自身是否满足成为所述候选车头的条件；在判断结果为是时，所述车队中的车辆从已成为所述候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头，其中，所述车队中成为车头的车辆具有管理所述车队的权限。
可选地，所述触发消息携带有成为所述候选车头的条件，所述车队中的车辆判断自身是否满足成为所述候选车头的条件包括：所述车队中的车辆读取所述触发消息，并判断自身是否满足成为所述候选车头的条件；或，在所述车队中的车辆无法读取所述触发消息时，所述车队中的车辆根据本地存储的条件判断自身是否成为所述候选车头。
可选地，所述成为所述候选车头的条件包括以下至少之一：车辆的设备能力要求、车辆在所述车队中的位置信息、车辆的设备信号质量信息。
可选地，所述车队中的车辆从已成为所述候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头包括：所述车队中的车辆综合所述条件从已成为候选车头的车辆中将所有条件都优于其他候选车头的车辆选择成为车头；或，在已成为所述候选车头的所述条件相当时，所述车队中的车辆根据以下之一的方式选择出车头：车辆的设备标识最小、车辆的设备能力最强、车辆的设备信息质量最优、所述车辆所处车队的位置最优。
可选地，在所述车队中的车辆从已成为所述候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头之后，所述方法还包括：在所述车队中当前车头不具备所述车队的管理权限之前，所述车队中的车辆接收来自所述网络侧设备和/或所述当前车头发送的用于指示选择出所述候选车头的所述触发消息，其中，所述触发消息携带有成为所述候选车头的条件；所述车队中的车辆判断自身是否满足成为所述候选车头的条件。
可选地，在所述车队中选择出一个或多个所述候选车头后，所述方法包括：所述车队中未成为候选车头的车辆接收先成为候选车头的车辆发送的成为候选车头的通知消息；所述车队中未成为候选车头的车辆依据所述通知消息判定自身条件优于已成为候选车头的车辆的条件时，确定自身成为所述候选车头；或，所述车队中未成为候选车头的车辆在接收到所述通知消息后，禁止自身成为所述候选车头。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供了一种车队中车头的选择装置，包括：判断模块，设置为在所述车队中的车辆接收来自网络侧设备发送的用于指示选择候选车头的触发消息后，判断自身是否满足成为所述候选车头的条件；选择模块，设置为在判断结果为是时，从已成为所述候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头，其中，所述车队中成为车头的车辆具有管理所述车队的权限。
可选地，所述触发消息携带有成为所述候选车头的条件，所述判断模块包括：第一判断单元，设置为读取所述触发消息，并判断自身是否满足成为所述候选车头的条件；或，第二判断单元，设置为在所述车队中的车辆无法读取所述触发消息时，根据本地存储的条件判断自身是否成为所述候选车头。
可选地，所述成为所述候选车头的条件包括以下至少之一：车辆的设备能力要求、车辆在所述车队中的位置信息、车辆的设备信号质量信息。
可选地，所述车队中的车辆从已成为所述候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头包括：第一选择单元，设置为综合所述条件从所述已成为候选车头的车辆中将所有条件都优于其他候选车头车辆选择成为车头；或，第二选择单元，设置为在所述已成为所述候选车头的车辆的所述条件相当时，根据以下之一的方式选择出车头：车辆的设备标识最小、车辆的设备能力最强、车辆的设备信息质量最优、所述车辆所处车队的位置最优。
在本发明实施例中，采用在车队中的车辆接收来自网络侧设备发送的用于指示选择候选车头的触发消息后，车队中的车辆判断自身是否满足成为候选车头的条件；在判断结果为是时，车队中的车辆从已成为候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头，其中，车队中成为车头的车辆具有管理车队的权限；通过本发明解决了相关技术中在一个区域中车辆比较多时，网络侧设备难以为每个车辆都分配和调度资源的问题，填补了相关技术中的空白。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是相关技术中D2D设备直通系统发现/通信示意图；
图2是相关技术中车辆交通的示意图；
图3是相关技术中车联网通信的示意图；
图4是根据本发明实施例的车队中车头的选择方法的流程图；
图5是根据本发明实施例的车队中车头的选择装置结构框图；
图6是根据本发明实施例的车队中车头的选择装置可选结构框图一；
图7是根据本发明实施例的车队中车头的选择装置可选结构框图二；
图8是根据本发明可选实施例的车队中的车队成员自主启动车头选择/重选方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
本发明实施例技术方案的背景介绍：在相关技术中基于通信的碰撞预警系统，利用先进的无线蜂窝通信技术，实现车与车、车与路侧基础设施间的实时信息交互，告知彼此目前的状态，该状态包括：车辆的位置、速度、加速度、行驶路径等等；以及获知道路环境信息，协作感知道路危险状况，及时提供多种碰撞预警信息，防止道路交通安全事故的发生。而在这些与车辆安全相关的应用场景下，采用V2V通信，而该V2V通信可以采用3GPP所定义的D2D技术。为了实现V2V通信，每辆支持V2V通信的车辆都需要获得通信所需的资源；当V2V通信采用该D2D技术时，V2V通信所需要的资源可以采用竞争的方式获得，该竞争方式可以是：先得到的先用；但这种方式可能在车辆多的区域下，产生资源拥塞和碰撞。所以在V2V通信中如果车辆采用竞争的方式获得资源池中资源，很容易产生碰撞而导致车辆信息不能及时发送出去。
而在本实施例中采用以车队的方式对车辆网中的车辆进行管理，其中每个车队由多个车辆组成，车辆中承载车联网通信的单元也称为车载单元(On-Board Unit，简称为OBU)，在3GPP中每辆车可以看成是一个用户设备(user equipment，简称为UE)，该车队就是一个UE group。
基于此，本实施例提供了一种车队中车头的选择方法，图4是根据本发明实施例的车队中车头的选择方法的流程图，如图4所示，该方法的步骤包括：
步骤S402：在车队中的车辆接收来自网络侧设备发送的用于指示选择候选车头的触发消息后，车队中的车辆判断自身是否满足成为候选车头的条件；
步骤S404：在判断结果为是时，车队中的车辆从已成为候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头，其中，车队中成为车头的车辆具有管理车队的 权限。
通过本实施例的步骤S402和步骤S404，采用车队中的车辆接收来自网络侧设备发送的用于指示选择候选车头的触发消息后，车队中的车辆判断自身是否满足成为候选车头的条件，在判断结果为是时，车队中的车辆从已成为候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头，其中，车队中成为车头的车辆具有管理车队的权限，通过本实施例从车队中选择出车头，由车头管理对该车队进行管理，解决了相关技术中在一个区域中车队比较多时，网络侧设备难以为每个车队中的车辆都分配和调度资源的问题，填补了相关技术的空白。
需要说明的是，本实施例中涉及到的该触发消息，在本实施例的可选实施方式中可以是网络侧设备的系统共广播消息，也可以是专用信令，而该专用信令可以是V2I通信中的信令；因此，在该触发消息携带有成为候选车头的条件时，对于本实施例步骤S402中的车队中的车辆判断自身是否满足成为候选车头的条件的方式，在本实施例的可选实施方式中，可以通过如下方式来实现：
方式一：车队中的车辆读取触发消息，并判断自身是否满足成为候选车头的条件；
方式二：在车队中的车辆无法读取触发消息时，车队中的车辆根据本地存储的条件判断自身是否成为候选车头。
由上述方式一和方式二可知，接收到触发消息的车辆在能读取该触发消息时，就根据触发消息携带的成为候选车头的条件判断自身是否能成为候选车头，如果车辆不能读取该触发消息，只能在触发消息触发下根据本地存储的条件判断自身是否成为候选车头。虽然在方式二中是根据本地存储的条件判断车辆自身是否能够成为候选车头，但是该本地存储的条件都是车队车辆在原网络覆盖下读取到的网络侧设备配置的成为候选车头的条件，也就是说，两种方式中成为候选车头的条件都是来自于网络侧设备。
另外，对于上述本实施例中涉及到的成为候选车头的条件，在本实施例的可选实施方式中可以包括：车辆的设备能力要求、车辆在车队中的位置信息、车辆的设备信号质量信息。而在具体应用场景中，就是判断车辆的设备能力要求是否大于预设阈值、车辆在车队中的位置是否处于核心范围之内或车辆的设备信号质量是否大于预定阈值，当然上述成为候选车头的条件仅仅是本实施例的可选实施方式，并不构成对本发明的限定，其他能够确定车辆设备能力的条件都是在本发明的保护范围之内，且在具体的应用场景也可以根据需求增加相应的成为候选车头的条件，例如车辆性能。
在本实施例的另一个可选实施方式中，对于本实施例中的步骤S404车队中的车辆从已成为候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头的方式，在本实施例中可以通过如下方式来实现：
方式三：车队中的车辆综合条件从已成为候选车头的车辆中将所有条件都优于其他候选车头的车辆选择成为车头；
其中，该方式在具体应用场景可以是：每个候选车头都通知其他车队车辆(也包括其他候选车头)自身的条件，如：UE ID，UE能力要求，UE信号质量要求，所处车队位置要求等。此外，每个候选车头都可以接收到其他候选车头的信息，这样每个候选车头都可以比较其自身与其他候选车头的条件，进而得到一个候选车头的条件比其他候选车头都好，则该候选车头将成为新车头。
方式四：在方式三中的已成为候选车头的条件相当时，车队中的车辆根据以下之一的方式选择出车头：车辆的设备标识最小、车辆的设备能力最强、车辆的设备信息质量最优、车辆所处车队的位置最优。
通过上述方式三和方式四可知，综合考虑车辆的所有条件之后选择出综合条件最优的作为最终的车头，或者在综合条件相当时，通过优先级的方式来选择最终的车头。
此外，在本实施例的车队中选择出一个或多个候选车头后，该实施例的方法还可以包括：
步骤S11：车队中未成为候选车头的车辆接收先成为候选车头的车辆发送的成为候选车头的通知消息；
步骤S12：车队中未成为候选车头的车辆依据通知消息判定自身条件优于已成为候选车头的车辆的条件时，确定自身成为候选车头；或，车队中未成为候选车头的车辆在接收到通知消息后，禁止自身成为候选车头。
通过该步骤S11和步骤S12，率先成为候选车头的车辆向车队中的其他车辆发送用于指示告知成为候选车头的通知消息，收到该通知消息的且还未成为候选车头的车辆会采用两种方式，(1)判断自身条件是否优于发送通知消息的车辆，如果是则成为候选车头，如果否则反之；(2)只要接收到该通知消息，则该车辆不会成为候选车头。通过该两种方式可以减少候选车头的个数，减少多个候选车头之间的交互过程。
本实施例的方法中还涉及到的重选车头的方案，在车队中的车辆从已成为候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头之后，在车队中当前车头不具备车队的管理权限之前，车队中的车辆接收来自网络侧设备和/或当前车头发送的用于指示选择出候选车头的触发消息，其中，触发消息携带有成为候选车头的条件；车队中的车辆判断自身是否满足成为候选车头的条件。
也就是说，在当前车头不具备管理权限时，当前车头或网络侧设备向车队中的其他车辆发送用于选择候选车头的触发消息，而如何选择出候选车头以及从候选车头中 选择出车头的方式和本实施例中上述第一次选择车头的方式是一致的。
在本实施例中还提供了一种车队中车头的选择装置，该装置用于实现上述实施例及可选实施方式，已经进行过说明的不再赘述。如以下所使用的，术语“模块”可以实现预定功能的软件和/或硬件的组合。尽管以下实施例所描述的装置较佳地以软件来实现，但是硬件，或者软件和硬件的组合的实现也是可能并被构想的。
图5是根据本发明实施例的车队中车头的选择装置结构框图，如图5所示，该装置包括：判断模块52，设置为在车队中的车辆接收来自网络侧设备发送的用于指示选择候选车头的触发消息后，判断自身是否满足成为候选车头的条件；选择模块54，与判断模块52耦合连接，设置为在判断结果为是时，从已成为候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头，其中，车队中成为车头的车辆具有管理车队的权限。
需要说明的是，本实施例中涉及到的该触发消息，在本实施例的可选实施方式中可以是网络侧设备的系统共广播消息，也可以是专用信令，而该专用信令可以是V2I通信中的信令，该触发消息携带有成为候选车头的条件，图6是根据本发明实施例的车队中车头的选择装置可选结构框图一，基于该触发消息，如图6所示，该判断模块52包括：第一判断单元62，设置为读取触发消息，并判断自身是否满足成为候选车头的条件；或，第二判断单元64，设置为在车队中的车辆无法读取触发消息时，根据本地存储的条件判断自身是否成为候选车头。
虽然第二判断单元64是根据本地存储的条件判断车辆自身是否能够成为候选车头，但是该本地存储的条件都是车队车辆在原网络覆盖下读取到的网络侧设备配置的成为候选车头的条件，也就是说，第一判断单元62和第二判断单元64中成为候选车头的条件都是来自于网络侧设备。
可选地，成为候选车头的条件包括以下至少之一：车辆的设备能力要求、车辆在车队中的位置信息、车辆的设备信号质量信息。而在具体应用场景中，就是判断车辆的设备能力要求是否大于预设阈值、车辆在车队中的位置是否处于核心范围之内或车辆的设备信号质量是否大于预定阈值，当然上述成为候选车头的条件仅仅是本实施例的可选实施方式，并不构成对本发明的限定，其他能够确定车辆设备能力的条件都是在本发明的保护范围之内，且在具体的应用场景也可以根据需求增加相应的成为候选车头的条件，例如车辆性能。
图7是根据本发明实施例的车队中车头的选择装置可选结构框图二，如图7所示，该选择模块54包括：第一选择单元72，设置为综合条件从已成为候选车头的车辆中将所有条件都优于其他候选车头车辆选择成为车头；或，第二选择单元74，设置为在 已成为候选车头的车辆的条件相当时，根据以下之一的方式选择出车头：车辆的设备标识最小、车辆的设备能力最强、车辆的设备信息质量最优、车辆所处车队的位置最优。
对于上述第一选择单元72，在具体应用场景可以是：每个候选车头都通知其他车队车辆(也包括其他候选车头)自身的条件，如：UE ID，UE能力要求，UE信号质量要求，所处车队位置要求等。此外，每个候选车头都可以接收到其他候选车头的信息，这样每个候选车头都可以比较其自身与其他候选车头的条件，进而得到一个候选车头的条件比其他候选车头都好，则该候选车头将成为新车头。而第二选择单元74是在第一选择单元中的候选车头条件相当时执行相应操作。
下面结合本发明的可选实施例对本发明进行举例说明；
本可选实施例提供了一种在多个车辆组成一个车队中，车队成员自主选择/重选一个车头的方法，以及网络为车队选择/重选一个车头的方法。
一、对于车队成员自主选择/重选一个车头的方法，该方法的步骤包括：
步骤S502：根据第一预设条件触发车队成员(即车队车辆)启动“自主选择/重选车头”的流程；
其中，该第一预设条件包括以下条件的一个或多个：1)网络侧设备指示车队成员自主选择车头；2)当前车头不再具备车头的控制/管理能力；
需要说明的是，在上述条件1)中，网络侧设备可以通过系统广播消息；或者通过专用信令通知车队成员，即通过V2I通信通知车队成员。在上述条件2)中，可以是当前车头通过V2V通信，通知车队成员其不再是车头，例如，当前车头即将离开该车队时。本可选实施例中的V2V通信，可以是D2D单播方式或者D2D广播方式；也可以是网络侧设备通过V2I通信通知车队成员当前车头不再是车头并授权车队成员重新授权一个车头。
步骤S504：根据第二预设条件确定一个或多个车队成员成为候选车头；
其中，车队成员根据该第二预设条件，就可以判断其自身是否符合条件并成为候选车头，在车队成员判断其成为候选车头后，通知其他车队成员其已经成为候选车头。
而一个车队中可能有多个车队成员成为候选车头，每个车队成员成为候选车头后都向所有车队成员(包括其他候选车头)发送通知消息以通知其已经成为候选车头。通过该通知消息，车队成员可以知道有哪个/哪些车队成员成为候选车头。而该通知消息的内容中包括以下一个或多个信息：候选车头的标识符、候选车头的能力信息、候选车头的信号质量、候选车头的位置信息(如：在车队中的相对位置，或者绝对的位 置坐标)。
其中，该通知消息的通知方式可以是候选车头与车队成员的V2V通信，可以采用3GPP所定义的D2D技术来实现，此时车与车之间的空中接口采用3GPP D2D技术中所定义的PC5接口，V2V通信可以采用D2D单播方法，如PTP方式，也可以采用D2D多播方式，如PTM方式。
该步骤S504中涉及的第二预设条件可以包括以下一个或多个条件：
条件1：网络侧设备通知车队成员，成为候选车头所需满足的要求；
条件2：当车队成员无法读取SIB，则车队成员根据其自身存储的成为候选车头所需满足的要求；
条件3：车队成员中收到来自候选车头的通知则该成员不会尝试成为候选车头，而车队成员没有收到车队中来自候选车头的通知则会根据自身存储的成为候选车头所需满足的要求成为候选车头；
条件4：车队成员虽然收到车队中来自候选车头的通知，但认为自身成为新车头后可以为车队提供更加好的车队管理/控制。
而在上述条件1中，网络侧设备可以通过系统广播消息或者通过专用信令通知车队成员。而在上述条件2中，车队成员自身存储的成为候选车头的条件，可以是该车队成员原先在网络覆盖下读取到的网络侧设备配置的成为候选车头的条件，而该成为候选车头的条件可以是车队成员注册到网络时读取到的网络配置的条件。
而在上述条件3中，某个车队成员一旦接收到候选车头的通知，则该车队成员不尝试成为候选车头，即该车队成员如果先接收到候选车头的通知，则该车队成员不会成为候选车头。这样可以减少候选车头的个数，减少多个候选车头之间的交互过程。
而在上述条件4中，某个车队成员虽然接收到候选车头的通知，但依然根据满足成为候选车头的要求，判断其自身是否可以为车队提供更加好的控制/管理，如果判断结果是，则该车队成员也成为候选车头，并通知其他车队成员(包括车队中的候选车头)。其中，车队成员判断其可以为车队提供更加好的控制/管理，即该车队成员判定其自身条件，例如：UE能力，车队位置等，比其他候选车头的条件好，则该车队成员也成为候选车头，否则该车队成员不成为候选车头。
步骤S506：从多个候选车头中，选择一个成为新车头；
其中，一个车队中如果有多个候选车头，从这些候选车头中选择一个候选车头成为新车头；而从多个候选车头中选择出最终的车头的方式可以包括：
方式1：每个候选车头都通知其他车队成员(包括其他候选车头)相关信息，该相关信息中携带有：UE ID，UE能力要求，UE信号质量要求，所处车队位置要求等。进而每个候选车头都可以接收到其他候选车头的信息，这样每个候选车头都可以比较其自身与其他候选车头，从中比较获知一个候选车头的条件比其他候选车头都好，并将该候选车头确定为新车头。
方式2：基于上述方式1，在候选车头中有若干候选车头的条件相当时，再根据优先级(如：UE ID最小，或者：UE能力最强，或者UE信息质量最好，或者所处车队位置最好)，选择出一个候选车头为新车头。
在具体应用场景中，如当有多个候选车头时候，为了避免多次的通信和竞争过程，选择UE ID最小的候选车头为新车头、选择车队位置最核心的候选车头为新车头，选择UE能力最强的候选车头为新车头、或根据候选车头的ID、能力和位置信息等进行排队并最终选择一个候选车头为新车头。
步骤S508：在车队成员成为新车头后向网络侧设备和/或车队成员报告其已经成为新车头。
其中，该新车头向网络侧设备报告的方式采用V2I通信，该新车头向车队成员报告采用V2V通信，如3GPP D2D单播方式或者3GPP D2D多播方式。
而新车头报告的内容也至少包括：车头自身标识符UE ID、车队标识符(Vehicle group ID)、车队成员的信息，例如：每个车队成员的UE ID，还可以包括：车队的速度和/或位置信息和/或车队成员的个数；其中，车队速度不是某个车队成员的速度，而是整个车队的平均速度；车队位置不是某个车队成员，而是整个车队所占用的位置；车队成员的个数信息可以用车队大小(group size)来表示。举例说明，新车头报告的内容有：车头ID(Vehicle group head ID)，车队ID(Vehicle group ID)，车队平均速度(Vehicle group speed)，车队位置(Vehicle group position)，车队大小(Vehicle group size)，车队成员的ID(Vehicle member ID list)。
图8是根据本发明可选实施例的车队中的车队成员自主启动车头选择/重选方法的流程图，如图8所示，该方法的步骤可以包括：
步骤S802：判断是否满足预设触发启动车头选择/重选流程的条件，在判断结果为是时，执行步骤S804；
步骤S804：车队成员启动车头选择/重选流程；
步骤S806：判断是否满足预设选择候选车头的条件；在判断结果为是时，执行步骤S808；
步骤S808：选择一个或多个车队成员成为候选车头；
步骤S810：从一个或多个候选车头中选择一个新车头；
步骤S812：该成为新车头的车队成员向网络侧设备和/或所有车队成员通知，其已经成为新车头。
需要说明的是，在蜂窝网络覆盖内，网络也可以根据车队成员信息直接选择一个车头，并通知车队成员，某个车队成员成为新车头。
二、网络侧设备为车队成员选择/重选一个车头的方法；
网络侧设备决定需要为一个车队选择/重选一个车头，且由该车头控制/管理该车队成员之间的V2V通信的时候，网络采用V2I通信方式通知车队成员。该V2I通信的承载可以是以下方式的一种或多种：SC-PTM单小区点到多点，PTM点到多点，PTP点到点。
网络侧设备采用V2I通信方式通知车队成员的信息至少包括新车头标识符，还可以包括以下内容的一个或多个：车队标识符，即车队编号(Vehicle group ID)，每个车队成员的标识符，车队所使用的资源等。
对于网络侧设备为车队成员重选一个车头，如网络发现某个车头不适于再做车头后，网络侧设备决定需要为一个车队重选一个车头；
首先，网络侧设备判定某个车头不适于再做车头(如：该车头离开了车队，或者该车头处于车队边缘)，网络收回当前车头的控制/管理权；网络侧设备与当前车头的通信，采用V2I通信，承载是PTP专用承载；其次，网络选择一个车队成员为新车头，并通知车队成员某个车队成员成为了新车头。
在本可选实施例中还涉及到网络侧设备为车队成员选择/重选一个车头的方法，该方法的步骤可以包括：
步骤S902：网络侧设备判断是否需要更换当前车头，如果是，网络侧设备通知当前车头和/或车队成员，当前车头已经不再是车头；
步骤S904：网络侧设备选择一个新车头；
步骤S906：网络侧设备通知某个车队成员其已经成为新车头，且网络侧设备通知车队成员某个车队成员成为新车头。
由上述步骤S902至步骤S906可知，网络侧设备为车队成员重选一个车头的前提是，当前车头要求其自身放弃车头身份(即：当前车头释放车队控制权)，或网络侧设 备决定为一个车队重选一个车头。
首先，当前车头通知网络侧设备，其放弃了车头身份(即：释放了车队的控制/管理权)，进而当前车头通知车队成员放弃了车头身份(即：释放了车队的控制/管理权)，其中，当前车头向网络侧设备报告的通信方式可以采用V2I通信，当前车头向车队成员报告采用V2V通信，其承载可以采用3GPP D2D单播方式或者3GPP D2D多播方式；之后网络侧设备选择一个车队成员为新车头，并通知车队成员某个车队成员成为了新车头。
网络侧设备采用V2I通信方式通知车队成员的信息至少包括新车头标识符，以及车队标识符，例如车队编号(Vehicle group ID)，每个车队成员的标识符(Vehicle ID)，也可以用UE ID来标识，车队所使用的资源等。
网络侧设备为车队成员选择一个车头，也就是该车队没有车头，该车队的管理/控制由网络侧设备实施，因此，网络侧设备选择一个车队成员为新车头，并通知车队成员某个车队成员成为了新车头。
在另外一个实施例中，还提供了一种软件，该软件用于执行上述实施例及可选实施方式中描述的技术方案。
在另外一个实施例中，还提供了一种存储介质，该存储介质中存储有上述软件，该存储介质包括但不限于：光盘、软盘、硬盘、可擦写存储器等。
显然，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述本发明的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上，可选地，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本发明不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
上述仅为本发明的可选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
在本发明实施例中，采用在车队中的车辆接收来自网络侧设备发送的用于指示选择候选车头的触发消息后，车队中的车辆判断自身是否满足成为候选车头的条件；在判断结果为是时，车队中的车辆从已成为候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之 一的车辆作为车头，其中，车队中成为车头的车辆具有管理车队的权限；通过本发明解决了相关技术中在一个区域中车辆比较多时，网络侧设备难以为每个车辆都分配和调度资源的问题，填补了相关技术中的空白。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种车队中车头的选择方法，包括：
    在所述车队中的车辆接收来自网络侧设备发送的用于指示选择候选车头的触发消息后，所述车队中的车辆判断自身是否满足成为所述候选车头的条件；
    在判断结果为是时，所述车队中的车辆从已成为所述候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头，其中，所述车队中成为车头的车辆具有管理所述车队的权限。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述触发消息携带有成为所述候选车头的条件，所述车队中的车辆判断自身是否满足成为所述候选车头的条件包括：
    所述车队中的车辆读取所述触发消息，并判断自身是否满足成为所述候选车头的条件；或，
    在所述车队中的车辆无法读取所述触发消息时，所述车队中的车辆根据本地存储的条件判断自身是否成为所述候选车头。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述成为所述候选车头的条件包括以下至少之一：车辆的设备能力要求、车辆在所述车队中的位置信息、车辆的设备信号质量信息。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述车队中的车辆从已成为所述候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头包括：
    所述车队中的车辆综合所述条件从已成为候选车头的车辆中将所有条件都优于其他候选车头的车辆选择成为车头；或，
    在已成为所述候选车头的所述条件相当时，所述车队中的车辆根据以下之一的方式选择出车头：车辆的设备标识最小、车辆的设备能力最强、车辆的设备信息质量最优、所述车辆所处车队的位置最优。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，在所述车队中的车辆从已成为所述候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头之后，所述方法还包括：
    在所述车队中当前车头不具备所述车队的管理权限之前，所述车队中的车辆接收来自所述网络侧设备和/或所述当前车头发送的用于指示选择出所述候选车头的所述触发消息，其中，所述触发消息携带有成为所述候选车头的条件；
    所述车队中的车辆判断自身是否满足成为所述候选车头的条件。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，在所述车队中选择出一个或多个所述候选车 头后，所述方法包括：
    所述车队中未成为候选车头的车辆接收先成为候选车头的车辆发送的成为候选车头的通知消息；
    所述车队中未成为候选车头的车辆依据所述通知消息判定自身条件优于已成为候选车头的车辆的条件时，确定自身成为所述候选车头；或，所述车队中未成为候选车头的车辆在接收到所述通知消息后，禁止自身成为所述候选车头。
  7. 一种车队中车头的选择装置，包括：
    判断模块，设置为在所述车队中的车辆接收来自网络侧设备发送的用于指示选择候选车头的触发消息后，判断自身是否满足成为所述候选车头的条件；
    选择模块，设置为在判断结果为是时，从已成为所述候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头，其中，所述车队中成为车头的车辆具有管理所述车队的权限。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其中，所述触发消息携带有成为所述候选车头的条件，所述判断模块包括：
    第一判断单元，设置为读取所述触发消息，并判断自身是否满足成为所述候选车头的条件；或，
    第二判断单元，设置为在所述车队中的车辆无法读取所述触发消息时，根据本地存储的条件判断自身是否成为所述候选车头。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的装置，其中，所述成为所述候选车头的条件包括以下至少之一：车辆的设备能力要求、车辆在所述车队中的位置信息、车辆的设备信号质量信息。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中，所述车队中的车辆从已成为所述候选车头的车辆中根据预设规则选择其中之一的车辆作为车头包括：
    第一选择单元，设置为综合所述条件从所述已成为候选车头的车辆中将所有条件都优于其他候选车头车辆选择成为车头；或，
    第二选择单元，设置为在所述已成为所述候选车头的车辆的所述条件相当时，根据以下之一的方式选择出车头：车辆的设备标识最小、车辆的设备能力最强、车辆的设备信息质量最优、所述车辆所处车队的位置最优。
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