WO2016204087A1 - 化学強化ガラス - Google Patents
化学強化ガラス Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016204087A1 WO2016204087A1 PCT/JP2016/067360 JP2016067360W WO2016204087A1 WO 2016204087 A1 WO2016204087 A1 WO 2016204087A1 JP 2016067360 W JP2016067360 W JP 2016067360W WO 2016204087 A1 WO2016204087 A1 WO 2016204087A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- stress
- glass
- chemically strengthened
- compressive stress
- depth
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000005345 chemically strengthened glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 126
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003426 chemical strengthening reaction Methods 0.000 description 48
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 37
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 31
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 31
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 20
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 10
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- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- CONKBQPVFMXDOV-QHCPKHFHSA-N 6-[(5S)-5-[[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C[C@H]1CN(C(O1)=O)C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 CONKBQPVFMXDOV-QHCPKHFHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006124 Pilkington process Methods 0.000 description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 150000003112 potassium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003405 preventing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CN1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003280 down draw process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007500 overflow downdraw method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- KZEVSDGEBAJOTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[5-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CC=1OC(=NN=1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O KZEVSDGEBAJOTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJLUBHOZZTYQIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[5-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NN=C(O1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 YJLUBHOZZTYQIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 0 C*1N2*1(CC1*CC**CC1)*1(CC1)C2 Chemical compound C*1N2*1(CC1*CC**CC1)*1(CC1)C2 0.000 description 1
- JNSDKMHRUFJMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1N2CCC1C2 Chemical compound C1N2CCC1C2 JNSDKMHRUFJMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017976 MgO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005407 aluminoborosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005354 aluminosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012461 cellulose resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008395 clarifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylacetone Natural products CCC(=O)CC FDPIMTJIUBPUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007496 glass forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 methanol and ethanol Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005361 soda-lime glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
- C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
- C03C21/002—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions to perform ion-exchange between alkali ions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
- C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/083—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound
- C03C3/085—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal
- C03C3/087—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound containing an oxide of a divalent metal containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
- B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
- B32B2264/104—Oxysalt, e.g. carbonate, sulfate, phosphate or nitrate particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2201/00—Glass compositions
- C03C2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03C2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses containing metals
- C03C2201/50—Doped silica-based glasses containing metals containing alkali metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2203/00—Production processes
- C03C2203/20—Wet processes, e.g. sol-gel process
Definitions
- the present invention relates to chemically tempered glass.
- the chemical strengthening treatment of glass is usually performed by immersing a glass plate in a melt of a metal salt (for example, potassium nitrate) containing a metal ion (for example, K ion) having a large ion radius.
- a metal salt for example, potassium nitrate
- a metal ion for example, K ion
- metal ions having a small ion radius for example, Na ions and Li ions
- FIG. 1 shows a stress profile of a conventional chemically strengthened glass subjected to a chemical strengthening treatment as described in Patent Document 1.
- such chemically strengthened glass has a stress profile that is symmetrical in the thickness direction.
- the compressive stress is maximized on the first surface and the second surface which are the outermost surfaces of the glass.
- the compressive stress on the outermost surface of the glass is referred to as surface compressive stress (CS).
- CS surface compressive stress
- the compressive stress gradually decreases from the glass surface toward the inside of the glass, and the compressive stress becomes zero at a certain depth (compressive stress depth, DOL).
- CT internal tensile stress
- CS surface compressive stress
- DOL compressive stress depth
- CT internal tensile stress
- the chemically strengthened glass may be used as a cover glass or the like of the display device.
- only one surface of the cover glass is exposed to the outer surface.
- the glass is damaged by various collision objects colliding with the exposed surface (exposed surface).
- a collision object with a relatively large angle of the collision part such as a spherical collision object
- collides with the exposed surface of the cover glass the cover glass is bent, and on the surface (back surface) opposite to the collision surface of the cover glass.
- the external force (tensile stress) due to this bending is applied. Therefore, it is desirable that the CS on the back side of the cover glass is larger so as to resist the external force caused by this bending.
- a collision object with a relatively small angle of the collision part such as a collision object having a sharp tip may collide with the exposed surface of the cover glass, and the exposed surface of the cover glass may be scratched. If the tensile stress on the side closer to the exposed surface is greater than the compressive stress layer, the cover glass will be cracked. Therefore, in order to make the cover glass resistant to scratches, it is desirable that the DOL on the exposed surface side of the cover glass is larger and the internal tensile stress on the side closer to the exposed surface is smaller. That is, in applications such as a cover glass of a display device, the chemical strengthening characteristics desired for the chemically strengthened glass are different for each surface.
- the stress distribution near the exposed surface and the stress distribution near the back surface are equal. Therefore, if the CS on the back surface side is increased, the CS on the exposed surface side is also increased, and if the DOL on the exposed surface side is increased, the DOL on the back surface side is similarly increased.
- the stress is as large as that. However, as shown above, if the internal tensile stress on the side close to the exposed surface is increased, the glass tends to be crushed.
- the conventional chemically strengthened glass having a stress profile symmetric in the thickness direction is not necessarily suitable when different chemical strengthening properties are required for the front and back in various applications, not limited to the cover glass.
- the chemically strengthened glass in one aspect of the present invention has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a chemically strengthened glass provided with a compressive stress layer on the first surface and the second surface. Because The compressive stress depth DOL 1 ( ⁇ m) of the first surface is larger than the compressive stress depth DOL 2 ( ⁇ m) of the second surface, The stress distribution in the thickness direction of the chemically strengthened glass satisfies the following relational expression (1) and the following relational expression (3).
- the chemically strengthened glass in another aspect of the present invention has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a chemical in which a compressive stress layer is provided on the first surface and the second surface.
- Tempered glass The compressive stress depth DOL 1 ( ⁇ m) of the first surface is larger than the compressive stress depth DOL 2 ( ⁇ m) of the second surface.
- the stress distribution in the thickness direction of the chemically strengthened glass satisfies the following relational expression (3).
- CT n (X) a (X / L 2 ) + b, a ⁇ 3 (2) CT 1 ⁇ L 1/2 ⁇ 30 (MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ) (3)
- x 2 0.2x 0 + 0.8x L (mm)
- L x L ⁇ x 0 (mm)
- the chemically strengthened glass of the present invention has a compressive stress depth DOL 1 on the first surface larger than the compressive stress depth DOL 2 on the second surface, and has a stress distribution in a specific plate thickness direction. It has a stress profile that is asymmetric in direction. Therefore, the chemical strengthening characteristics desired for the chemically strengthened glass can be suitably used for applications that differ depending on the surface.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a stress profile of a conventional chemically strengthened glass.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the stress distribution in the thickness direction of chemically strengthened glass according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method for calculating a stress distribution in the thickness direction of chemically strengthened glass in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the stress distribution in the thickness direction of the chemically strengthened glass according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 shows a stress profile when a glass plate is immersed in a molten metal salt containing K ions (molten salt) and subjected to a chemical strengthening treatment, and then the glass plate is taken out of the molten salt and placed at a high temperature.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a stress profile of a conventional chemically strengthened glass.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the stress distribution in the thickness direction of chemically strengthened glass according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram
- the chemically strengthened glass according to an embodiment of the present invention has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the chemically strengthened glass is provided with a compressive stress layer on the first surface and the second surface.
- the compressive stress depth DOL 1 ( ⁇ m) of the first surface is larger than the compressive stress depth DOL 2 ( ⁇ m) of the second surface, and the stress distribution in the thickness direction of the chemically strengthened glass is as follows.
- the relational expression (1) and the following relational expression (3) are satisfied.
- a chemically strengthened glass according to another embodiment of the present invention has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a compressive stress layer is provided on the first surface and the second surface.
- the compressive stress depth DOL 1 ( ⁇ m) of the first surface is larger than the compressive stress depth DOL 2 ( ⁇ m) of the second surface, and is in the thickness direction of the chemically strengthened glass.
- CT n (X) a (X / L 2 ) + b, a ⁇ 3 (2) CT 1 ⁇ L 1/2 ⁇ 30 (MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ) (3)
- x 2 0.2x 0 + 0.8x L (mm)
- L x L ⁇ x 0 (mm)
- a chemically strengthened glass according to another embodiment of the present invention has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and a compressive stress layer is provided on the first surface and the second surface.
- the compressive stress depth DOL 1 ( ⁇ m) of the first surface is larger than the compressive stress depth DOL 2 ( ⁇ m) of the second surface, and is in the thickness direction of the chemically strengthened glass.
- the stress distribution satisfies the above relational expression (1) and the above relational expression (3), and in the stress distribution in the thickness direction of the chemically strengthened glass, the normalized tension at the depth X (mm) from the first surface
- a compressive stress layer by an ion exchange method is provided on at least the first surface and the second surface.
- the surface of glass is ion exchanged to form a surface layer in which compressive stress remains.
- alkali metal ions typically Li ions, Na ions
- alkali ions typically Is substituted for Na ions or K ions for Li ions and K ions for Na ions.
- a compressive stress layer is formed on the end face in addition to the first face and the second face.
- a compressive stress layer is formed on all of the end surfaces.
- the compressive stress depth DOL 1 of the first surface is larger than the compressive stress depth DOL 2 of the second surface.
- the difference (DOL 1 ⁇ DOL 2 ) between the compressive stress depth DOL 1 ( ⁇ m) of the first surface and the compressive stress depth DOL 2 ( ⁇ m) of the second surface is defined as the compressive stress depth DOL of the first surface.
- a numerical value obtained by subtracting a numerical value of the compressive stress depth DOL 2 (unit: ⁇ m) of the second surface from a numerical value of 1 (unit: ⁇ m) is assumed.
- DOL 1 -DOL 2 is larger than 0 ( ⁇ m). If DOL 1 -DOL 2 is greater than 0 ( ⁇ m), the tensile stress of the glass can be reduced while increasing the fracture resistance of the first surface after scratching. Note that in the chemically tempered glass of the present embodiment, compressive stress depth DOL 2 of compressive stress depth DOL 1 and the second surface of the first surface, using Orihara Seisakusho surface stress meter (FSM-6000LE) It is to be measured.
- FSM-6000LE Orihara Seisakusho surface stress meter
- the compressive stress depth DOL 1 ( ⁇ m) of the first surface and the compressive stress depth DOL 2 ( ⁇ m) of the second surface satisfy the following relational expressions. .
- DOL 1 -DOL 2 is 3 ( ⁇ m) or more, each of the first surface and the second surface can better satisfy the chemical strengthening characteristics according to different applications, and more effectively crush the glass. Can be prevented.
- DOL 1 -DOL 2 is more preferably 4 ( ⁇ m) or more, further preferably 5 ( ⁇ m) or more, more preferably 6 ( ⁇ m) or more, further preferably 7 ( ⁇ m) or more, and further preferably 8 ( ⁇ m). More preferably, it is 9 ( ⁇ m) or more, more preferably 10 ( ⁇ m) or more, further preferably 15 ( ⁇ m) or more, further preferably 20 ( ⁇ m) or more, and particularly preferably 30 ( ⁇ m) or more.
- the compressive stress depth DOL 1 of the first surface is 15 ⁇ m or more, even when a collision object having a sharp tip collides with the first surface and a relatively deep flaw occurs, excellent fracture resistance is achieved. It is preferable because it exhibits.
- the compressive stress depth DOL 1 of the first surface is more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, further preferably 25 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 30 ⁇ m or more, further preferably 35 ⁇ m or more, further preferably 40 ⁇ m or more, further preferably 45 ⁇ m or more, and further preferably. Is 50 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 60 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably 70 ⁇ m or more.
- Compressive stress depth DOL 2 of the second surface is not particularly limited smaller than the compression stress depth DOL 1 of the first surface, from the viewpoint of realizing a high CS 2, and preferably 5 ⁇ m or more.
- the compressive stress depth DOL 2 of the second surface is more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 15 ⁇ m or more, further preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 25 ⁇ m or more, further preferably 30 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 35 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably Is 40 ⁇ m or more.
- the surface compressive stress CS 2 of surface compressive stress CS 1 and the second surface of the first surface is not particularly limited, tensile glass while increasing the bending strength of the second surface stress
- the surface compressive stress CS 1 of the first surface is preferably smaller than the surface compressive stress CS 2 of the second surface.
- the surface compressive stress CS 2 of surface compressive stress CS 1 and the second surface of the first surface is measured using a Orihara Seisakusho surface stress meter (FSM-6000LE) Is.
- the difference (CS 1 ⁇ CS 2 ) between the surface compressive stress CS 1 (MPa) of the first surface and the surface compressive stress CS 2 (MPa) of the second surface is defined as the surface compressive stress CS 1 (unit) of the first surface.
- MPa) is expressed by subtracting the value of the surface compressive stress CS 2 (unit: MPa) of the second surface from the numerical value.
- the surface compressive stress CS 2 of the second surface is greater than the surface compressive stress CS 1 of the first surface, i.e. CS 1 -CS 2 is less than 0 (MPa).
- CS 1 -CS 2 is more preferably ⁇ 10 (MPa) or less, further preferably ⁇ 20 (MPa) or less, further preferably ⁇ 30 (MPa) or less, still more preferably ⁇ 50 (MPa) or less, and further preferably It is ⁇ 70 (MPa) or less, more preferably ⁇ 100 (MPa) or less, more preferably ⁇ 200 (MPa) or less, further preferably ⁇ 300 (MPa) or less, and particularly preferably ⁇ 500 (MPa) or less.
- Surface compressive stress CS 1 of the first surface is not particularly limited smaller than the surface compressive stress CS 2 of the second surface, from the viewpoint of scratch resistance, preferably 100MPa or more, more preferably 200MPa or more, more preferably 300 MPa or more.
- the surface compressive stress CS 2 of the second surface is preferably 500 MPa or more, more preferably 600 MPa or more, further preferably 700 MPa or more, more preferably 800 MPa or more, and further preferably 900 MPa. As described above, it is particularly preferably 1000 MPa or more.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the stress distribution in the thickness direction of the chemically strengthened glass according to this embodiment.
- the horizontal axis represents the depth X (mm) from the first surface.
- the vertical axis represents stress (MPa).
- a negative value stress represents a compressive stress
- a positive value stress represents a tensile stress.
- the stress distribution in the thickness direction of the chemically strengthened glass is obtained by the following procedures (1) to (6).
- a method for obtaining the stress distribution will be described below with reference to FIG.
- the stress distribution simply refers to the stress distribution obtained by (1) to (6).
- (1) a measurement sample is cut out from chemically strengthened glass.
- the size of the first surface and the second surface is 20 mm ⁇ 1 mm and the thickness is 0.8 mm.
- two opposing surfaces having dimensions of 20 mm ⁇ 0.8 mm are mirror-polished from both sides, the width is 0.3 mm, and the surface roughness Ra of the two surfaces (measurement surface) is 5 nm or less.
- a measurement sample is used.
- measurement samples are prepared in the same procedure so that only the original thickness is not changed.
- the refractive index distribution and the Azi distribution in the thickness direction of the measurement sample are measured using a birefringence imaging system Abrio (manufactured by Tokyo Instruments).
- the magnification of the objective lens of the system biological microscope BX51TF (manufactured by Olympus) is set to 4 to 20 times to enable measurement of the entire measurement surface of the measurement sample.
- the retardation range is set to 34 nm.
- the refractive index constituting each plot of the obtained refractive index distribution is multiplied by the photoelastic constant kc to obtain a stress distribution as shown in FIG.
- the stress distribution obtained here shows only the absolute value of stress, and does not distinguish between tensile stress and compressive stress.
- the coordinates of the two change points A and B are examined.
- the thickness direction at the minimum value Are designated as x A and x B , respectively.
- a point closer to the first surface of x A and x B corresponds to x 0
- a point farther from the first surface corresponds to x L.
- the stress distribution in the thickness direction satisfies the following relational expression (1) and the following relational expression (3).
- L in FIG. 2 (mm) represents the distance between x 0 and x L, it means a tensile stress layer thickness.
- x 1 can also be expressed as x 0 +0.2 L (mm) and x 2 can also be expressed as x L -0.2 L (mm).
- CT 1 / CT 2 when CT 1 / CT 2 is 0.8 or less, for example, a collision object having a relatively small angle of the collision part, such as a collision object having a sharp tip on the first surface, has collided. At the same time, it can exhibit excellent fracture resistance.
- CT 1 / CT 2 is more preferably 0.75 or less, further preferably 0.7 or less, further preferably 0.65 or less, and particularly preferably 0.6 or less.
- the CT 1 is a small value, excellent explosive effect of suppressing or preventing the fracture of the glass due to tensile stress.
- the present inventors have empirically found that the size of CT 1 depends on the tensile stress layer thickness L and is inversely proportional to the square root of the tensile stress layer thickness L. Therefore, if the above relational expression (3) is satisfied, that is, CT 1 ⁇ L 1/2 is 30 (MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ) or less, explosive glass breakage due to tensile stress is suppressed or Excellent in preventing effect.
- CT 1 ⁇ L 1/2 is preferably 25 (MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ) or less, more preferably 23 (MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ) or less, and even more preferably 20 (MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ) or less. Especially preferably, it is 18 (MPa * mm ⁇ 1/2> ) or less.
- CT 2 ⁇ L 1/2 is not particularly limited as long as the relational expression (1) is satisfied.
- CT 2 ⁇ L 1/2 is preferably 5 (MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ) or more, more preferably (10 MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ) or more, more preferably 15 (MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ) or more, and particularly preferably 20 (MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ). That's it.
- CT 2 ⁇ L 1/2 is preferably 50 (MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ) or less, more preferably 45 (MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ) or less, Preferably it is 40 (MPa * mm ⁇ 1/2> ) or less.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the stress distribution in the thickness direction of the chemically strengthened glass according to this embodiment.
- the stress distribution is obtained by the procedures (1) to (6) described above.
- the horizontal axis represents the depth X (mm) from the first surface.
- the vertical axis represents stress (MPa).
- a negative value stress represents a compressive stress
- a positive value stress represents a tensile stress.
- CT n (X) a (X / L 2 ) + b, a ⁇ 3 (2) CT 1 ⁇ L 1/2 ⁇ 30 (MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ) (3)
- x 2 0.2x 0 + 0.8x L (mm)
- L x L ⁇ x 0 (mm)
- L (mm) in FIG. 4 represents the distance between x 0 and x L, it means the thickness of the tensile stress layer.
- x 1 can also be expressed as x 0 +0.2 L (mm) and x 2 can also be expressed as x L -0.2 L (mm).
- CT (X) is normalized to the tensile stress distribution when the tensile stress layer thickness L of the glass is 1.0 (mm).
- CT (X) is multiplied by L ⁇ 1 to make the absolute value uniform.
- normalization is performed by multiplying the inclination by L- 1 .
- the normalized tensile stress function CT n (X) is the primary of X / L 2 It becomes the form of a function.
- a when a is 3 or more, for example, when a collision object having a relatively small angle of a collision part such as a collision object having a sharp tip on the first surface collides, excellent destruction Can exhibit tolerance.
- a is more preferably 4 or more, further preferably 5 or more, further preferably 6 or more, and particularly preferably 6.5 or more.
- the upper limit of a is preferably 20 or less, more preferably 15 or less, and even more preferably 10 or less.
- b is an arbitrary real number obtained by approximating a straight line by the least square method, and is not particularly limited.
- CT 1 is a small value in the present embodiment, excellent explosive effect of suppressing or preventing the fracture of the glass due to tensile stress.
- the magnitude of CT 1 is inversely proportional to the square root of the tensile stress layer thickness L. Therefore, if the above relational expression (3) is satisfied, that is, CT 1 ⁇ L 1/2 is 30 (MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ) or less, explosive glass breakage due to tensile stress is suppressed or Excellent in preventing effect.
- CT 1 ⁇ L 1/2 is preferably 23 (MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ) or less, more preferably 20 (MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ) or less, and even more preferably 18 (MPa ⁇ mm 1/2 ) or less. is there.
- the glass substrate used in the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it is ion-exchangeable.
- it is appropriately selected from soda lime glass, aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, aluminoborosilicate glass, and the like. be able to.
- the composition of the glass substrate used in the present embodiment is expressed in mol%, SiO 2 is 50 to 80%, Al 2 O 3 is 0.1 to 30%, Li 2 O + Na 2 O + K 2.
- a glass containing 3 to 30% O, 0 to 25% MgO, 0 to 25% CaO and 0 to 5% ZrO 2 is mentioned, but is not particularly limited. More specifically, the following glass compositions may be mentioned.
- “containing 0 to 25% of MgO” means that MgO is not essential but may contain up to 25%.
- the composition expressed by mass% contains SiO 2 65 to 75%, Al 2 O 3 0.1 to 5%, MgO 1 to 6%, CaO 1 to 15%, Na 2 O + K Glass with 2 O of 10-18%.
- the composition expressed in mass% is SiO 2 65 to 72%, Al 2 O 3 3.4 to 8.6%, MgO 3.3 to 6%, CaO 6.5 to 9%.
- the glass substrate used for the chemically strengthened glass of the present embodiment has two main surfaces, a first surface and a second surface, and an end surface that forms a plate thickness adjacent to these two main surfaces.
- the surfaces may form flat surfaces parallel to each other.
- the form of the glass substrate is not limited to this.
- the two principal surfaces may not be parallel to each other, and one or both of the two principal surfaces may be curved or partially curved.
- the glass substrate may be, for example, a flat glass substrate without warpage or a curved glass substrate having a curved surface.
- the thickness of the glass substrate used in the present embodiment is not particularly limited.
- steps other than the chemical strengthening treatment step may be appropriately selected without particular limitation, and conventionally known steps can be typically applied.
- raw materials for each component of glass are prepared and heated and melted in a glass melting furnace. Thereafter, the glass is homogenized by bubbling, stirring, adding a clarifying agent, etc., formed into a glass plate having a predetermined thickness by a conventionally known forming method, and slowly cooled.
- Examples of the glass forming method include a float method, a press method, a fusion method, and a downdraw method.
- a float method suitable for mass production is preferable.
- continuous molding methods other than the float method, that is, the fusion method and the downdraw method are also preferable.
- the molded glass is cut into a desired size, and is ground and polished as necessary to form a glass substrate. And after performing the chemical strengthening process mentioned later to the formed glass substrate, the chemically strengthened glass of this embodiment can be manufactured by wash
- T time (s)
- x position from glass surface in thickness direction (unit: m)
- C x K ion concentration (mol%) at position x at time t
- C 0 initial K ion concentration (Mol%)
- C eq K ion concentration in an equilibrium state (mol%)
- D diffusion coefficient (m 2 / s)
- H mass transfer coefficient (m / s).
- the diffusion coefficient D is an index of the rate at which K ions spread inside the glass
- the mass transfer coefficient H is an index of the rate at which K ions enter the glass from the glass surface layer. Further, both the diffusion coefficient D and the mass transfer coefficient H depend on the temperature.
- FIG. 5 shows stress when a glass plate is immersed in a molten metal salt containing K ions (molten salt) and subjected to a chemical strengthening treatment, and then the glass plate is taken out of the molten salt and placed at a high temperature. Indicates a profile. As shown in FIG. 5, first, when a glass plate is immersed in a molten salt and subjected to a chemical strengthening treatment, ion diffusion occurs along with ion exchange, and the stress profile shown in (a) is obtained.
- the compressive stress depth DOL 1 of the first surface is larger than the compressive stress depth DOL 2 of the second surface, and the specific plate described above is used.
- a chemically strengthened glass having a stress profile asymmetric in the thickness direction and having a stress distribution in the thickness direction is produced.
- chemical strengthening treatment is performed only on one side (first side) of the glass substrate. Thereby, ion exchange and ion diffusion proceed only on the first surface side. Subsequently, after stopping the chemical strengthening process on the first surface, the chemical strengthening process is performed only on the other surface (second surface) of the glass substrate. Thereby, ion exchange and ion diffusion proceed on the second surface side.
- first surface side since there is no supply of ions used for the chemical strengthening treatment, ion exchange does not occur, and therefore stress is reduced. However, also on the first surface side, diffusion of ions proceeds due to the influence of heat in the chemical strengthening process on the second surface. In order to sufficiently smooth the stress on the first surface side between the chemical strengthening treatment on the first surface and the chemical strengthening treatment on the second surface, an intermediate heat treatment may be performed.
- the compressive stress depth DOL 1 of the first surface is larger than the compressive stress depth DOL 2 of the second surface, and the above-described specific plate thickness direction
- a chemically strengthened glass having a stress profile and an asymmetric stress profile in the thickness direction can be obtained.
- examples of the method of subjecting only one surface of the glass substrate to chemical strengthening include a method of applying an inorganic salt to the surface to be chemically strengthened and then heat-treating it.
- the inorganic salt used in this method is an alkali metal ion having a small ionic radius on the glass surface (typically, Li ion or Na ion) to an alkali ion having a larger ionic radius (typically relative to Li ion). And Na ions or K ions, and K ions for Na ions), and has a role of forming a compressive stress layer on the glass surface.
- the composition of the inorganic salt is not particularly limited, but contains, for example, a potassium compound.
- the potassium compound include KNO 3 , KCl, KBr, KI, KF, K 2 SO 4 and the like.
- the potassium compound for example, it can also be used those containing sodium compounds such as NaNO 3 below about 5%.
- a solvent include a liquid capable of dissolving, dispersing, or suspending a potassium compound or a sodium compound, or a substance based on the liquid, and may be based on water or an alcohol.
- the thickener include organic resins and organic solvents.
- the organic resin a resin that decomposes at a heat treatment temperature may be used, and a resin that can be easily removed by washing with water is preferable.
- a resin that can be easily removed by washing with water examples thereof include cellulose resin, methyl cellulose resin, cellulose acetate resin, cellulose nitrate resin, cellulose acetate petrate resin, acrylic resin, and petroleum resin having such characteristics.
- the organic solvent is preferably one that can disperse the metal compound and the organic resin easily and volatilizes easily when dried.
- the organic solvent is liquid at room temperature (20 ° C.) and volatilizes at about 50 to 200 ° C. It is preferable that it is an organic solvent.
- examples of such an organic solvent include alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, and ketones such as dimethyl ether and acetone.
- the amount of additive added to the inorganic salt used in the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the viscosity of the inorganic salt used in the present invention can be adjusted according to each process from the viewpoint of easy application.
- the method for adjusting the viscosity include a method of adding a fluidity adjusting agent such as clay such as kaolin, water, or aluminosilicate fiber.
- the viscosity of the inorganic salt used in the present invention can be adjusted as appropriate, but the viscosity at 20 ° C. is preferably 200 to 100,000 mPa ⁇ s.
- the viscosity of the inorganic salt can be measured, for example, with a viscometer (PM-2B manufactured by Malcolm Co., Ltd.), a viscosity cup (NK-2 manufactured by Anest Iwata Co., Ltd.), or the like.
- the method for applying the inorganic salt to the front and back surfaces of the glass substrate may be a known coater and is not particularly limited. Examples thereof include curtain coaters, bar coaters, roll coaters, die coaters, and spray coats.
- the heat treatment temperature may be appropriately set depending on the kind of the inorganic salt, but is usually preferably 350 to 600 ° C., more preferably 400 to 550 ° C.
- the heat treatment time can be appropriately set, but it is usually preferably 5 minutes to 10 hours, more preferably 30 minutes to 4 hours after reaching the predetermined heat treatment temperature.
- the chemically strengthened glass after the heat treatment may be washed to remove inorganic salts on the surface.
- the ion exchange amount on the first surface of the glass substrate is different from the ion exchange amount on the second surface of the glass substrate, a difference in expansion occurs between the first surface and the second surface, and the resulting chemically strengthened glass is warped. May occur. Therefore, in order to prevent the occurrence of warpage due to the chemical strengthening treatment, it is preferable to make the ion exchange amount on the first surface of the glass substrate equal to the ion exchange amount on the second surface of the glass substrate. For example, using a glass substrate in which the first surface and the second surface, which are the main surfaces, are flat surfaces parallel to each other, predetermined conditions (heat treatment temperature, heat treatment time, inorganic salt composition, etc.) are applied to the first surface of the glass substrate.
- predetermined conditions heat treatment temperature, heat treatment time, inorganic salt composition, etc.
- the second surface is subjected to the chemical strengthening treatment under the same conditions, whereby a chemically strengthened glass having no warpage and an asymmetric stress profile can be obtained.
- the CS difference the absolute value of the difference between the CS on the first surface immediately after the chemical strengthening treatment on the first surface and the CS on the second surface immediately after the chemical strengthening treatment on the second surface.
- absolute value is 20 MPa or less, and the difference between the DOL of the first surface immediately after the chemical strengthening treatment on the first surface and the DOL of the second surface immediately after the chemical strengthening treatment on the second surface It is preferable to select a chemical strengthening treatment condition such that the absolute value (hereinafter also referred to as the absolute value of the DOL difference) is 10 ⁇ m or less, and it is more preferable to select a chemical strengthening treatment condition such that the absolute value is 7 ⁇ m or less. It is more preferable to select a chemical strengthening treatment condition that satisfies the following conditions, and it is particularly preferable to select a chemical strengthening treatment condition that results in 2 ⁇ m or less.
- the chemical treatment conditions are such that the absolute value of the CS difference is 10 MPa or less and the absolute value of the DOL difference is 1 ⁇ m or less, the absolute value of the CS difference is 0 MPa, and the absolute value of the DOL difference is A chemical treatment condition of 0 ⁇ m is particularly preferred.
- the chemical strengthening treatment conditions for the first surface of the glass substrate and the chemical strengthening treatment conditions for the second surface of the glass substrate may be set to different conditions.
- CS and DOL of the 1st surface immediately after performing chemical strengthening processing to the 1st surface are respectively different values, The latter is equivalent to the aforementioned CS 1 and DOL 1 , respectively.
- a method for producing a chemically strengthened glass having an asymmetric stress profile in the thickness direction for example, a method using a film that inhibits ion exchange (hereinafter also referred to as an ion exchange inhibiting film) other than the above-described method.
- the glass is pulled up from the molten salt after the ion exchange treatment is performed by immersing the glass in the molten salt in a state where the ion exchange inhibiting film is provided on the second surface. Thereafter, the ion exchange inhibition film provided on the second surface is removed, and the ion exchange treatment is performed by immersing the glass in the molten salt with the ion exchange inhibition film provided on the first surface.
- the chemically strengthened glass which has an asymmetrical stress profile in the thickness direction can be produced.
- the molten salt include alkali nitrates such as potassium nitrate, potassium sulfate, and potassium chloride, alkali sulfates, and alkali chlorides. These molten salts may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, a salt containing sodium may be mixed in order to adjust the chemical strengthening characteristics.
- the process conditions of an ion exchange process are not specifically limited, What is necessary is just to select optimal conditions in consideration of the characteristic of glass, molten salt, etc.
- a method of implanting ions by applying an inorganic salt to the surface to be chemically strengthened and applying a voltage is also applicable.
- chemically tempered glass having an asymmetric stress profile in the thickness direction can be produced by performing ion implantation on each side while changing various conditions such as voltage and inorganic salt concentration.
- the above-described methods for producing chemically strengthened glass having an asymmetric stress profile in the thickness direction (a method of applying a heat treatment after applying an inorganic salt, a method of using an ion exchange inhibiting film, and a method of applying a voltage by applying an inorganic salt)
- the first surface and the second surface may be used separately and performed one side at a time.
- the radius of curvature of the chemically strengthened glass may be 15000 mm or more.
- “the radius of curvature is 15000 mm or more” is slightly observed when the first surface of the glass is convex and the second surface is concave, or the first surface is concave and the second surface is convex. It represents that the curvature radius of curvature is 15000 mm or more.
- Such a chemically strengthened glass is, for example, applied to a flat glass substrate under the condition that the absolute difference between the ion exchange amount on the first surface and the ion exchange amount on the second surface is small (ion exchange) as described above. The warpage caused by the absolute difference in the ion exchange amount is small.
- the radius of curvature of the chemically strengthened glass may be less than 15000 mm.
- “the radius of curvature is less than 15000 mm” means that the first surface of the glass is convex and the second surface is concave, or the first surface is concave and the second surface is convex.
- the curvature radius is less than 15000 mm.
- the convex surface side is likely to be an exposed surface, and scratches are likely to occur compared to the case where the concave surface is an exposed surface. Therefore, it is preferable that the first surface is a convex surface and the second surface is a concave surface.
- Such a chemically strengthened glass is, for example, applied to a flat glass substrate under the condition that the absolute difference between the ion exchange amount on the first surface and the ion exchange amount on the second surface is large (ion exchange) The warpage resulting from the absolute difference in the ion exchange amount is large.
- the chemically strengthened glass according to an embodiment of the present invention may be obtained by performing the above-described chemical strengthening treatment on a curved glass substrate.
- a curved glass substrate for example, a glass before being subjected to a chemical strengthening treatment and having a radius of curvature of less than 15000 mm can be used.
- the compressive stress depth DOL 1 of the first surface is larger than the compressive stress depth DOL 2 of the second surface, and the specific stress described above. It has a stress profile that is asymmetric in the thickness direction and has a stress distribution in the thickness direction. Therefore, the chemically strengthened glass according to one embodiment of the present invention is a chemically strengthened glass having a stress profile substantially symmetrical in the thickness direction (the chemically strengthened glass having compressive stress depth DOL on both sides according to one embodiment of the present invention).
- the chemically tempered glass of the present invention can be usefully used as a cover glass of a display device such as a mobile device such as a mobile phone or a smartphone, a television, a personal computer, or a touch panel. That is, various collision objects may collide with the exposed surface (exposed surface) of the cover glass of the display device, and the glass may be damaged.
- a collision object having a relatively large angle of the collision portion such as a spherical collision object collides with the exposed surface of the cover glass, the cover glass is bent, and the surface opposite to the collision surface of the cover glass ( External force (tensile stress) due to this bending is applied to the back surface.
- the CS on the back surface of the cover glass is larger so as to resist the external force caused by this bending.
- a collision object with a relatively small angle of the collision part such as a collision object having a sharp tip may collide with the exposed surface of the cover glass, and the exposed surface of the cover glass may be scratched. If it reaches deeper than the compressive stress layer and the internal tensile stress is large, the cover glass will crack. Therefore, in order to obtain a cover glass that is resistant to scratches, it is desirable that the DOL of the exposed surface of the cover glass is larger and the internal tensile stress is smaller.
- the chemically strengthened glass of the present invention has a compressive stress depth DOL 1 of the first surface larger than the compressive stress depth DOL 2 of the second surface, and has the stress distribution in the specific plate thickness direction described above. Therefore, for example, by setting the first surface having a large compressive stress depth as an exposed surface and the second surface having a large surface compressive stress as the back surface, it is possible to satisfy characteristics desired as a cover glass of the display device. In addition, since the internal tensile stress can be further reduced, the glass breakage can be more effectively suppressed or prevented. Therefore, it can be suitably used as a cover glass for a display device.
- the chemically strengthened glass of the present invention can be usefully used for various applications in which different chemical strengthening characteristics are desired for each surface other than the cover glass of the display device.
- building materials such as window glass for buildings such as houses and buildings, vehicle members used in vehicles such as automobiles (for example, windshields, mirrors, window glasses, interior members, etc.), optical lenses, medical equipment, It can be usefully used for tableware and the like.
- Example 1 a glass having the composition shown below was manufactured by a float process so that the plate thickness was 0.56 mm, and cut into 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm to prepare a glass substrate. In addition, the produced glass did not have curvature. Glass composition (in mol%): SiO 2 64.2%, Al 2 O 3 8.0%, Na 2 O 12.5%, K 2 O 4.0%, MgO 10.5%, CaO 0.1 %, SrO 0.1%, BaO 0.1%, ZrO 2 0.5%
- paste-form inorganic salt of the following composition was apply
- Composition (mass ratio) of paste-like inorganic salt Water: K 2 SO 4 : KNO 3 6: 5: 1
- the glass substrate coated with the paste-like inorganic salt only on the first surface was transferred into a heating furnace and subjected to a heat treatment at 500 ° C. for 15 minutes, so that only the first surface of the glass substrate was chemically strengthened. Thereafter, the glass substrate was cooled to room temperature and washed to remove the inorganic salt applied to the first surface.
- Example 1 Two samples of chemically tempered glass of Example 1 were produced, which were designated as Example 1-1 and Example 1-2, respectively.
- Example 2 A chemically strengthened glass of Example 2 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness t of the glass substrate was changed to 0.85 mm. Two samples of chemically tempered glass of Example 2 were produced, which were designated as Example 2-1 and Example 2-2, respectively.
- Example 3 A chemically strengthened glass of Example 3 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness t of the glass substrate was 2.00 mm. Two samples of chemically tempered glass of Example 3 were produced, which were designated as Example 3-1 and Example 3-2, respectively.
- Example 4 A glass substrate was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness t of the glass substrate was 0.85 mm.
- the glass substrate sprinkled with powder on the first surface was transferred into a heating furnace and baked at 420 ° C. for 540 minutes to perform chemical strengthening treatment. Thereafter, the glass substrate was cooled to room temperature, washed with pure water to remove the powder sprinkled on the first surface, and dried.
- the glass substrate was transferred into a heating furnace and baked at 420 ° C. for 540 minutes to carry out intermediate heat treatment. Thereafter, the glass substrate was cooled to room temperature.
- Example 4-1 Two samples of chemically tempered glass of Example 4 were produced, which were designated as Example 4-1 and Example 4-2, respectively.
- Example 5 A chemically strengthened glass of Example 5 was produced in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the intermediate heat treatment time was 900 minutes. Two samples of chemically tempered glass of Example 5 were produced, which were designated as Example 5-1 and Example 5-2, respectively.
- Comparative Example 1 The same glass substrate as that produced in Example 1 was immersed in KNO 3 molten salt at 450 ° C. for 60 minutes for chemical strengthening treatment. Thereafter, the glass substrate was cooled to room temperature and washed to produce a chemically strengthened glass of Comparative Example 1. Two samples of chemically tempered glass of Comparative Example 1 were prepared, which were referred to as Comparative Example 1-1 and Comparative Example 1-2, respectively.
- Comparative Example 2 A chemically strengthened glass of Comparative Example 2 was produced in the same manner as Comparative Example 1 except that the immersion time in KNO 3 molten salt at 450 ° C. was changed to 150 minutes. Note that two samples of chemically tempered glass of Comparative Example 2 were prepared, which were referred to as Comparative Example 2-1 and Comparative Example 2-2, respectively.
- Comparative Example 3 A chemically strengthened glass of Comparative Example 3 was produced in the same manner as Comparative Example 1 except that the thickness t of the glass substrate was 0.85 mm. Note that two samples of chemically tempered glass of Comparative Example 3 were prepared, which were referred to as Comparative Example 3-1 and Comparative Example 3-2, respectively.
- Comparative Example 4 A chemically strengthened glass of Comparative Example 4 was produced in the same manner as Comparative Example 2 except that the thickness t of the glass substrate was 0.85 mm. Note that two samples of chemically tempered glass of Comparative Example 4 were prepared, which were referred to as Comparative Example 4-1 and Comparative Example 4-2, respectively.
- Comparative Example 5 A chemically strengthened glass of Comparative Example 5 was produced in the same manner as Comparative Example 1 except that the thickness t of the glass substrate was 2.00 mm. Two samples of chemically tempered glass of Comparative Example 5 were produced, which were referred to as Comparative Example 5-1 and Comparative Example 5-2, respectively.
- Comparative Example 6 A chemically strengthened glass of Comparative Example 6 was produced in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 except that the thickness t of the glass substrate was 2.00 mm. Two samples of chemically tempered glass of Comparative Example 6 were produced, which were referred to as Comparative Example 6-1 and Comparative Example 6-2, respectively.
- ⁇ Stress distribution in the thickness direction> For each chemically strengthened glass, the stress distribution in the thickness direction was obtained by the following procedures (1) to (6).
- a measurement sample having a width of 0.3 mm and a surface roughness Ra of the two surfaces (measurement surfaces) of 5 nm or less was obtained by polishing.
- the refractive index distribution and the Azi distribution in the thickness direction of the measurement sample were measured using a birefringence imaging system Abrio (manufactured by Tokyo Instruments).
- the magnification of the objective lens of the system biological microscope BX51TF manufactured by Olympus
- the retardation range was 34 nm.
- the distribution shows a minimum value at a point in the thickness direction closest to the coordinates of the change points A and B obtained in (4), the points in the thickness direction at the minimum value are x A and x B , respectively. did.
- x 2 0.2x 0 + 0.8x L (mm)
- L x L ⁇ x 0 (mm
- Table 1 shows L, CT 1 , CT 2 , CT 1 / CT 2 , CT 1 ⁇ L 1/2 , CT 2 ⁇ L 1/2 and a for each example and comparative example.
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Abstract
Description
CT[MPa]=CS[MPa]*DOL[mm]/(t[mm]-2*DOL[mm])
前記第1面の圧縮応力深さDOL1(μm)は前記第2面の圧縮応力深さDOL2(μm)よりも大きく、
前記化学強化ガラスの板厚方向の応力分布が下記関係式(1)及び下記関係式(3)を満たすことを特徴とする。
CT1/CT2≦0.8 (1)
CT1×L1/2≦30(MPa・mm1/2) (3)
CT1:第1面からの深さX=x0~x1の領域における引張応力の最大値(MPa)
CT2:第1面からの深さX=x2~xLの領域における引張応力の最大値(MPa)
x0:板厚方向の応力分布において第1面から第2面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
xL:板厚方向の応力分布において第2面から第1面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
x1=0.8x0+0.2xL(mm)
x2=0.2x0+0.8xL(mm)
L=xL-x0(mm)
前記第1面の圧縮応力深さDOL1(μm)は前記第2面の圧縮応力深さDOL2(μm)よりも大きく、
前記化学強化ガラスの板厚方向の応力分布において、前記第1面からの深さX(mm)における規格化した引張応力関数CTn(X)(MPa)が、X=x1~x2(mm)の領域において下記関係式(2)を満たすとともに、
前記化学強化ガラスの板厚方向の応力分布が下記関係式(3)を満たすことを特徴とする。
CTn(X)=a(X/L2)+b、a≧3 (2)
CT1×L1/2≦30(MPa・mm1/2) (3)
CT1:第1面からの深さX=x0~x1の領域における引張応力の最大値(MPa)
x0:板厚方向の応力分布において第1面から第2面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
xL:板厚方向の応力分布において第2面から第1面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
x1=0.8x0+0.2xL(mm)
x2=0.2x0+0.8xL(mm)
L=xL-x0(mm)
CT1/CT2≦0.8 (1)
CT1×L1/2≦30(MPa・mm1/2) (3)
CT1:第1面からの深さX=x0~x1の領域における引張応力の最大値(MPa)
CT2:第1面からの深さX=x2~xLの領域における引張応力の最大値(MPa)
x0:板厚方向の応力分布において第1面から第2面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
xL:板厚方向の応力分布において第2面から第1面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
x1=0.8x0+0.2xL(mm)
x2=0.2x0+0.8xL(mm)
L=xL-x0(mm)
CTn(X)=a(X/L2)+b、a≧3 (2)
CT1×L1/2≦30(MPa・mm1/2) (3)
CT1:第1面からの深さX=x0~x1の領域における引張応力の最大値(MPa)
x0:板厚方向の応力分布において第1面から第2面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
xL:板厚方向の応力分布において第2面から第1面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
x1=0.8x0+0.2xL(mm)
x2=0.2x0+0.8xL(mm)
L=xL-x0(mm)
DOL1≧DOL2+3(μm)
すなわち、DOL1-DOL2は3(μm)以上であることが好ましい。DOL1-DOL2が3(μm)以上であると、第1面と第2面のそれぞれが異なる用途に応じた化学強化特性をより良好に満たすことができ、ガラスの破砕をより効果的に防止することができる。DOL1-DOL2は、より好ましくは4(μm)以上、さらに好ましくは5(μm)以上、さらに好ましくは6(μm)以上、さらに好ましくは7(μm)以上、さらに好ましくは8(μm)以上、さらに好ましくは9(μm)以上、さらに好ましくは10(μm)以上、さらに好ましくは15(μm)以上、さらに好ましくは20(μm)以上、特に好ましくは30(μm)以上である。
(1)まず、化学強化ガラスについて、測定サンプルを切り出す。例えば、第1面及び第2面のサイズが50mm×50mm、厚みが0.8mmの化学強化ガラスにおいては、第1面及び第2面のサイズが20mm×1mm、厚みが0.8mmとなるような小片を切り出した後、寸法が20mm×0.8mmである対向する2面を両側から鏡面研磨して、幅が0.3mm、該2面(測定面)の表面粗さRaが5nm以下である測定サンプルとする。サイズや厚みの異なる化学強化ガラスについても、元の厚みだけは変えないように、同様の手順で測定サンプルを作製する。
(2)次に、該測定サンプルについて、複屈折イメージングシステムAbrio(東京インスツルメンツ社製)を用いて、測定サンプルの厚み方向における屈折率分布およびAzi分布を測定する。屈折率分布を測定する際、システム生物顕微鏡BX51TF(オリンパス社製)の対物レンズの倍率を4~20倍として、測定サンプルの測定面全体を測定可能とさせる。屈折率分布の測定条件としては、リタデーションレンジを34nmとする。
(3)次に、得られた屈折率分布の各プロットを構成する屈折率に光弾性定数kcを乗じて、図3の(a)のような応力分布を得る。光弾性定数kcは材料により一意に定まる固有の定数であり、通常のガラスの場合kc=25~35である。ここで得られる応力分布は応力の絶対値のみ示すものであり、引張応力と圧縮応力を区別しない。
(4)図3の(b)のようなAzi分布において、値が180n-10≦Azi≦180n+10(n=0,1)の範囲内から、範囲外に切り換わる厚み方向の地点を変化点とし、2箇所の変化点A、Bの座標を調べる。
(5)図3の(a)の分布において、(4)で得られた変化点A、Bの座標にそれぞれ最も近い厚み方向の地点において分布が極小値を示すとき、その極小値における厚み方向の地点をそれぞれxA、xBとする。なお、xA、xBのうち第1面からより近い地点がx0、第1面からより遠い地点がxLに相当する。すなわち、|xA-xB|=xL-x0=Lである。
(6)最後に、このxA~xBの範囲外における分布の正負を反転させることで、図3の(c)のように引張応力が正、圧縮応力が負となる応力分布が得られる。
CT1/CT2≦0.8 (1)
CT1×L1/2≦30(MPa・mm1/2) (3)
CT1:第1面からの深さX=x0~x1の領域における引張応力の最大値(MPa)
CT2:第1面からの深さX=x2~xLの領域における引張応力の最大値(MPa)
x0:板厚方向の応力分布において第1面から第2面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
xL:板厚方向の応力分布において第2面から第1面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
x1=0.8x0+0.2xL(mm)
x2=0.2x0+0.8xL(mm)
L=xL-x0(mm)
CTn(X)=a(X/L2)+b、a≧3 (2)
CT1×L1/2≦30(MPa・mm1/2) (3)
CT1:第1面からの深さX=x0~x1の領域における引張応力の最大値(MPa)
x0:板厚方向の応力分布において第1面から第2面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
xL:板厚方向の応力分布において第2面から第1面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
x1=0.8x0+0.2xL(mm)
x2=0.2x0+0.8xL(mm)
L=xL-x0(mm)
(i)モル%で表示した組成で、SiO2を63~73%、Al2O3を0.1~5.2%、Na2Oを10~16%、K2Oを0~1.5%、MgOを5~13%及びCaOを4~10%を含むガラス。
(ii)モル%で表示した組成で、SiO2を50~74%、Al2O3を1~10%、Na2Oを6~14%、K2Oを3~11%、MgOを2~15%、CaOを0~6%およびZrO2を0~5%含有し、SiO2およびAl2O3の含有量の合計が75%以下、Na2OおよびK2Oの含有量の合計が12~25%、MgOおよびCaOの含有量の合計が7~15%であるガラス。
(iii)モル%で表示した組成で、SiO2を68~80%、Al2O3を4~10%、Na2Oを5~15%、K2Oを0~1%、MgOを4~15%およびZrO2を0~1%含有するガラス。
(iv)モル%で表示した組成で、SiO2を67~75%、Al2O3を0~4%、Na2Oを7~15%、K2Oを1~9%、MgOを6~14%およびZrO2を0~1.5%含有し、SiO2およびAl2O3の含有量の合計が71~75%、Na2OおよびK2Oの含有量の合計が12~20%であり、CaOを含有する場合その含有量が1%未満であるガラス。
(v)モル%で表示した組成で、SiO2を60~72%、Al2O3を8~16%、Na2Oを8~18%、K2Oを0~3%、MgOを0~10%およびZrO2を0~5%含有し、CaOを含有する場合その含有量が1%未満であるガラス。
(vi)質量%で表示した組成が、SiO2を65~75%、Al2O3を0.1~5%、MgOを1~6%、CaOを1~15%含有し、Na2O+K2Oが10~18%であるガラス。
(vii)質量%で表示した組成が、SiO2を65~72%、Al2O3を3.4~8.6%、MgOを3.3~6%、CaOを6.5~9%、Na2Oを13~16%、K2Oを0~1%、TiO2を0~0.2%、Fe2O3を0.01~0.15%、SO3を0.02~0.4%含有し、(Na2O+K2O)/Al2O3が1.8~5.0であるガラス。
(viii)質量%で表示した組成が、SiO2を60~72%、Al2O3を1~10%、MgOを5~12%、CaOを0.1~5%、Na2Oを13~19%、K2Oを0~5%含有し、RO/(RO+R2O)が0.20以上、0.42以下(式中、ROとはアルカリ土類金属酸化物、R2Oはアルカリ金属酸化物を示す。)であるガラス。
なお、第1面に化学強化処理を施した直後の第1面のCS及びDOLと、第2面に化学強化処理を施した直後の第1面のCS及びDOLとはそれぞれ異なる値であり、後者はそれぞれ先述のCS1及びDOL1と等しい。
まず、以下に示す組成のガラスを板厚が0.56mmとなるようにフロート法で製造し、50mm×50mmに切断し、ガラス基板を作製した。なお、作製したガラスは反りを有していなかった。
ガラス組成(モル%表示):SiO2 64.2%、Al2O3 8.0%、Na2O 12.5%、K2O 4.0%、MgO 10.5%、CaO 0.1%、SrO 0.1%、BaO 0.1%、ZrO2 0.5%
ペースト状の無機塩の組成(質量比) 水:K2SO4:KNO3=6:5:1
ガラス基板の厚みtを0.85mmとした以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施例2の化学強化ガラスを作製した。なお、実施例2の化学強化ガラスとしてのサンプルは2枚作製し、それぞれを実施例2-1及び実施例2-2とした。
ガラス基板の厚みtを2.00mmとした以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施例3の化学強化ガラスを作製した。なお、実施例3の化学強化ガラスとしてのサンプルは2枚作製し、それぞれを実施例3-1及び実施例3-2とした。
ガラス基板の厚みtを0.85mmとした以外は実施例1と同様にしてガラス基板を作製した。
粉体の組成(質量比) KNO3:K2SO4=1:1
中間加熱処理時間を900分とした以外は実施例4と同様にして、実施例5の化学強化ガラスを作製した。なお、実施例5の化学強化ガラスとしてのサンプルは2枚作製し、それぞれを実施例5-1及び実施例5-2とした。
実施例1で作製したものと同じガラス基板を、450℃のKNO3溶融塩に60分浸漬して化学強化処理を行った。その後、ガラス基板を室温まで冷却し、洗浄して比較例1の化学強化ガラスを作製した。なお、比較例1の化学強化ガラスとしてのサンプルは2枚作製し、それぞれを比較例1-1及び比較例1-2とした。
450℃のKNO3溶融塩への浸漬時間を150分となるように変更した以外は比較例1と同様にして、比較例2の化学強化ガラスを作製した。なお、比較例2の化学強化ガラスとしてのサンプルは2枚作製し、それぞれを比較例2-1及び比較例2-2とした。
ガラス基板の厚みtを0.85mmとした以外は比較例1と同様にして、比較例3の化学強化ガラスを作製した。なお、比較例3の化学強化ガラスとしてのサンプルは2枚作製し、それぞれを比較例3-1及び比較例3-2とした。
ガラス基板の厚みtを0.85mmとした以外は比較例2と同様にして、比較例4の化学強化ガラスを作製した。なお、比較例4の化学強化ガラスとしてのサンプルは2枚作製し、それぞれを比較例4-1及び比較例4-2とした。
ガラス基板の厚みtを2.00mmとした以外は比較例1と同様にして、比較例5の化学強化ガラスを作製した。なお、比較例5の化学強化ガラスとしてのサンプルは2枚作製し、それぞれを比較例5-1及び比較例5-2とした。
ガラス基板の厚みtを2.00mmとした以外は比較例2と同様にして、比較例6の化学強化ガラスを作製した。なお、比較例6の化学強化ガラスとしてのサンプルは2枚作製し、それぞれを比較例6-1及び比較例6-2とした。
各化学強化ガラスの第1面の圧縮応力深さDOL1(μm)及び第2面の圧縮応力深さDOL2(μm)を、折原製作所社製表面応力計(FSM-6000LE)を用いて測定した。その結果を表1に示す。なお、圧縮応力深さが大きい方の面を第1面とした。
各化学強化ガラスの第1面の表面圧縮応力CS1(MPa)及び第2面の表面圧縮応力CS2(MPa)を、折原製作所社製表面応力計(FSM-6000LE)を用いて測定した。その結果を表1に示す。
各化学強化ガラスについて、板厚方向における応力分布を次の(1)~(6)の手順により得た。
(1)まず、各化学強化ガラスについて、測定サンプルを切り出した。具体的には、第1面及び第2面のサイズが50mm×50mm、厚みtが0.5mm、0.85mm、2.00mmの各化学強化ガラスにおいて、第1面及び第2面のサイズが20mm×1mm、厚みtは変えずにそれぞれ0.5mm、0.85mm、2.00mmとなるような小片を切り出した後、寸法が20mm×(厚みt)である対向する2面を両側から鏡面研磨して、幅が0.3mm、該2面(測定面)の表面粗さRaが5nm以下である測定サンプルとした。
(2)次に、該測定サンプルについて、複屈折イメージングシステムAbrio(東京インスツルメンツ社製)を用いて、測定サンプルの厚み方向における屈折率分布およびAzi分布を測定した。屈折率分布を測定する際、システム生物顕微鏡BX51TF(オリンパス社製)の対物レンズの倍率を4~20倍として、測定サンプルの測定面全体を測定可能とした。屈折率分布の測定条件としては、リタデーションレンジを34nmとした。
(3)次に、得られた屈折率分布の各プロットを構成する屈折率に光弾性定数kcを乗じて、応力分布を得た。光弾性定数kcはkc=28.3を用いた。
(4)Azi分布において、値が180n-10≦Azi≦180n+10(n=0,1)の範囲内から、範囲外に切り換わる厚み方向の地点を変化点とし、2箇所の変化点A、Bの座標を調べた。
(5)(4)で得られた変化点A、Bの座標にそれぞれ最も近い厚み方向の地点において分布が極小値を示すとき、その極小値における厚み方向の地点をそれぞれxA、xBとした。xA、xBのうち第1面からより近い地点をx0、第1面からより遠い地点をxLとした。
(6)最後に、このxA~xB(x0~xL)の範囲外における分布の正負を反転させることで、引張応力が正、圧縮応力が負となる応力分布を得た。
CT1:第1面からの深さX=x0~x1の領域における引張応力の最大値(MPa)
CT2:第1面からの深さX=x2~xLの領域における引張応力の最大値(MPa)
x0:板厚方向の応力分布において第1面から第2面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
xL:板厚方向の応力分布において第2面から第1面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
x1=0.8x0+0.2xL(mm)
x2=0.2x0+0.8xL(mm)
L=xL-x0(mm)
また、測定されたCT1、CT2及びLより、CT1/CT2、CT1×L1/2及びCT2×L1/2をそれぞれ算出した。
また、第1面からの深さX(mm)がx1~x2(mm)の領域(x1≦X≦x2)におけるCT(X)(MPa)を、引張応力層厚さL=xL-x0(mm)を用いてCTn(X)=a(X/L2)+bで表される直線に規格化することでaを算出した。
各実施例及び比較例についてのL、CT1、CT2、CT1/CT2、CT1×L1/2、CT2×L1/2及びaを表1に示す。
各化学強化ガラスについて、ビッカース硬度計(フューチュアテック社製FLS-ARS9000)を用いて、化学強化ガラスの第1面に、ビッカース圧子(形状:四角錐、先端角度:110°)を下記のいずれかの荷重が加わるまで60μm/秒で押し込んだ状態で15秒間保持した後に、ビッカース圧子を外して荷重を除き、圧痕付近を観察して破壊の有無を確認した。測定は、1kgf、1.5kgf、2kgf、2.5kgf、3kgf、3.5kgf、4kgf、5kgf、6kgf及び7kgfの各荷重ごとに、10枚のガラスに対して行った。なお、1kgf=9.8Nである。そして、平均50%破壊する際の荷重K(kgf)を算出し、ビッカース加傷破壊荷重とした。その結果を表1に示す。
また、表1の結果より、CTn(X)の傾きaが3以上である実施例1~3、および、実施例4~5のガラスでは、破壊荷重Kが大きく、第1面に鋭利な先端を有する衝突物等、衝突部分の角度が比較的小さい衝突物が衝突した際に、優れた破壊耐性を発揮することが分かった。CTn(X)の傾きaが3以上であることで、ガラス内部の板厚方向の引張応力分布が傾いているため、ガラス表面における引張応力が相対的に低くなり、ガラス表面に深い傷が入った場合にも割れ難くなる。
実施例2-1、実施例4-1、実施例5-1、比較例3-1及び比較例4-1の各化学強化ガラスについて、加傷時強度を比較するため、化学強化ガラスを基台上に配置し、圧縮応力層の深さ以上の大きさの研磨材を含むサンドペーパーの擦り面を化学強化ガラスの第1面に接触させた状態で、衝撃物を上方から落下させる衝撃試験を実施した。サンドペーパーの擦り面に接触しない化学強化ガラスの第2面には飛散防止フィルムを貼った。オートグラフ下台の中央に鉄板を設置し、その上に厚さ1mmのゴムシートを設置し基台とした。基台上に飛散防止フィルムを貼った化学強化ガラスの第2面が接するよう配置し、化学強化ガラスの第1面中央に25mm×25mmのサンドペーパー(粒度#30,JIS R 6251規格品)の擦り面が接するよう配置した。質量64g、直径25mmのステンレス球を20mmの高さから10mmステップでオートグラフ上中心軸より落下させていき、割れが発生した高さを記録し、5回の平均値をサンドペーパー落球平均破壊高さ(mm)とした。その結果を表2に示す。
なお、本出願は、2015年6月15日付けで出願された日本特許出願(特願2015-120621)に基づいており、その全体が引用により援用される。
Claims (7)
- 第1面及び前記第1面に対向する第2面を有し、前記第1面及び前記第2面に圧縮応力層が設けられる化学強化ガラスであって、
前記第1面の圧縮応力深さDOL1(μm)は前記第2面の圧縮応力深さDOL2(μm)よりも大きく、
前記化学強化ガラスの板厚方向の応力分布が下記関係式(1)及び下記関係式(3)を満たすことを特徴とする化学強化ガラス。
CT1/CT2≦0.8 (1)
CT1×L1/2≦30(MPa・mm1/2) (3)
CT1:第1面からの深さX=x0~x1の領域における引張応力の最大値(MPa)
CT2:第1面からの深さX=x2~xLの領域における引張応力の最大値(MPa)
x0:板厚方向の応力分布において第1面から第2面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
xL:板厚方向の応力分布において第2面から第1面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
x1=0.8x0+0.2xL(mm)
x2=0.2x0+0.8xL(mm)
L=xL-x0(mm) - 前記第1面の圧縮応力深さDOL1(μm)及び前記第2面の圧縮応力深さDOL2(μm)が以下の関係式を満たす請求項1に記載の化学強化ガラス。
DOL1≧DOL2+3(μm) - 第1面及び前記第1面に対向する第2面を有し、前記第1面及び前記第2面に圧縮応力層が設けられる化学強化ガラスであって、
前記第1面の圧縮応力深さDOL1(μm)は前記第2面の圧縮応力深さDOL2(μm)よりも大きく、
前記化学強化ガラスの板厚方向の応力分布において、前記第1面からの深さX(mm)における規格化した引張応力関数CTn(X)(MPa)が、X=x1~x2(mm)の領域において下記関係式(2)を満たすとともに、
前記化学強化ガラスの板厚方向の応力分布が下記関係式(3)を満たすことを特徴とする化学強化ガラス。
CTn(X)=a(X/L2)+b、a≧3 (2)
CT1×L1/2≦30(MPa・mm1/2) (3)
CT1:第1面からの深さX=x0~x1の領域における引張応力の最大値(MPa)
x0:板厚方向の応力分布において第1面から第2面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
xL:板厚方向の応力分布において第2面から第1面にかけて最初に圧縮応力から引張応力に変化する地点の、第1面からの深さ(mm)
x1=0.8x0+0.2xL(mm)
x2=0.2x0+0.8xL(mm)
L=xL-x0(mm) - 前記第1面の圧縮応力深さDOL1(μm)及び前記第2面の圧縮応力深さDOL2(μm)が以下の関係式を満たす請求項3に記載の化学強化ガラス。
DOL1≧DOL2+3(μm) - 前記化学強化ガラスの曲率半径が15000mm以上である請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の化学強化ガラス。
- 前記化学強化ガラスの曲率半径が15000mm未満である請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の化学強化ガラス。
- 化学強化された曲面ガラス基板である請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の化学強化ガラス。
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