WO2016202481A1 - Method and device for determining the load condition of an exhaust gas particulate filter - Google Patents

Method and device for determining the load condition of an exhaust gas particulate filter Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016202481A1
WO2016202481A1 PCT/EP2016/058198 EP2016058198W WO2016202481A1 WO 2016202481 A1 WO2016202481 A1 WO 2016202481A1 EP 2016058198 W EP2016058198 W EP 2016058198W WO 2016202481 A1 WO2016202481 A1 WO 2016202481A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
particulate filter
exhaust
determining
boost pressure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2016/058198
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jürgen DINGL
Roland Schwarz
Original Assignee
Continental Automotive Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Continental Automotive Gmbh filed Critical Continental Automotive Gmbh
Priority to CN201680035197.XA priority Critical patent/CN107690515A/en
Priority to KR1020177035713A priority patent/KR20180006425A/en
Publication of WO2016202481A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016202481A1/en
Priority to US15/834,841 priority patent/US20180094565A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
    • F02D41/0007—Controlling intake air for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/029—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a particulate filter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
    • F02D41/1402—Adaptive control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/05—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a particulate sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/08—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
    • F01N2900/1406—Exhaust gas pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1606—Particle filter loading or soot amount
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
    • F02D2200/0812—Particle filter loading
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for determining the loading state of an exhaust gas particulate filter.
  • Newer motor vehicles with diesel engines are usually equipped with an exhaust gas particulate filter system for exhaust aftertreatment in order to meet the legal requirements
  • exhaust particulate filter systems have the task of filtering out the resulting during motor combustion soot particles. Since the soot particulate storage capacity of an exhaust particulate filter is limited, there is a need to regenerate the exhaust particulate filter at a correspondingly high load. In this regeneration, the stored soot particles are burned, so that in the regenerated exhaust particulate filter soot particles can be stored again.
  • the regeneration of an exhaust gas particulate filter is usually carried out at a high exhaust gas temperature, which results either in practical driving operation or, if required, is generated by a corresponding adjustment of engine parameters.
  • An activation of such an artificial regeneration generally takes place as a function of the loading state of the exhaust gas particulate filter, which is usually based on the with increasing
  • Particle loading increasing exhaust backpressure is determined.
  • the exhaust back pressure or the differential pressure across the particulate filter a predetermined threshold, then taking into account other parameters such as the operating temperature and the engine speed by a corresponding adjustment of engine parameters, the exhaust gas temperature above the temperature at which the combustion of soot particles begins raised ,
  • a disadvantage of this procedure is that the said sensors are heavily stressed due to the high exhaust gas temperature associated with the installation position and pollution by the exhaust gas. This is reflected on the one hand in high costs for suitable sensors and on the other hand in an increased susceptibility to failure of the sensors down.
  • a method and an apparatus for controlling the regeneration of a particulate filter are known.
  • This known method is applied to a Burn ⁇ voltage motor is used, which has a Ansaugluftkompressorsystem and is fluidly coupled to an exhaust gas treatment ⁇ system comprising a particulate filter. It includes determining a steady-state production rate of soot exiting the engine based on engine operating points, generating the steady state rate of soot exiting the engine in response to a transient change in boost pressure from the intake air compressor system and controlling regeneration of the particulate filter in response to the adjusted stationary one production rate of leaving the engine ⁇ rently carbon black.
  • Controlling the regeneration of the particulate filter in response to the set generation rate of the engine leaving soot comprises integrating the adjusted steady-state production rate of soot leaving the engine over time and instructing regeneration of the particulate filter when the temporally integrated set generation rate of soot exiting the engine exceeds a predetermined threshold.
  • Plausibility check of a determined differential pressure value via a particle filter is carried out using a first measuring unit for determining the differential pressure value and a second measuring unit, which determines a boost pressure of the internal combustion engine. It is assigned to each differential pressure value, a boost pressure value of the internal combustion engine. Both characteristic values are stored in a map memory. A faulty differential pressure value is identified when the measured differential pressure value is outside a predefinable upper and lower limit range for the respectively determined boost pressure of the internal combustion engine assigned and stored differential pressure value.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for determining the loading state of an exhaust ⁇ particle filter, which does not require exhaust gas pressure sensors and yet reliably determines the time of a due regeneration of the exhaust particulate filter.
  • the independent claim 7 has a device for determining the loading state of an exhaust particulate filter to the object.
  • the present invention provides a method for determining the loading of an exhaust gas particulate filter, which is arranged in the exhaust path of an internal combustion engine charged by a turbocharger, in which for determining the Loading state of the exhaust particulate filter is an analysis of the behavior of a boost pressure regulator of the exhaust gas turbocharger before ⁇ taken.
  • FIG 1. shows a block diagram of a device for determining the loading of an exhaust gas particulate filter.
  • the device shown has an internal combustion engine 1, an exhaust gas turbocharger 2 containing a turbine 3 and a compressor 5, an exhaust gas particle filter 6, a control unit 7, a work program memory 8 and a data memory 9.
  • the turbine 3 is supplied to the hot exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 1 and used to drive a turbine wheel.
  • the turbine wheel is rotatably connected to a shaft 4.
  • the shaft 4 is in turn rotatably connected to a compressor 5 arranged in the compressor wheel, so that rotations of the turbine wheel are transmitted to the compressor wheel.
  • the compressor supplied fresh air is compressed.
  • the compressed fresh air is supplied to the internal combustion engine 1 and serves to increase its performance.
  • the illustrated device further comprises a control ⁇ unit 7, which is preferably the control unit of the motor vehicle.
  • the control unit 7 is connected to a work program memory 8, in which the work program of the control unit is stored.
  • the control unit 7 is connected to a data memory 9, in which data are stored, which, inter alia, maps speak, which are required by the control unit 7 during operation of the motor vehicle.
  • the control unit 7 comprises a charge pressure regulator 7a, which serves to regulate the boost pressure of the exhaust gas turbocharger 2 during operation of the exhaust gas turbocharger 2.
  • the control unit 7 has the task is using the work program and with the aid of data stored in memory 9 control signals sl, s2 and s3 to determine and to output the operation of the motor ⁇ vehicle depending on its supplied sensor signals.
  • the control signals sl serve to control the internal combustion engine 1, the control signal s2 to control the actuators of the turbine 3 and the control signal s3 to control the actuators of the compressor 5.
  • the actuators of the turbine 3 includes a wastegate valve or a variable turbine geometry whose opening state by the Control signal s2 is changed if necessary.
  • To the actuators of the compressor 5 includes a bypass valve, via which, if necessary compressed air is fed back to the input of the compressor 5. The opening state of this bypass valve is set by the control signal s3.
  • the sensor signals mentioned include, inter alia, the output signal of an accelerator pedal sensor, which indicates an actuation of the accelerator pedal, the output signal of one or more temperature sensors, which respectively display information about a temperature measured at a predetermined location of the exhaust gas turbocharger, and the output signal of a pressure sensor, the providing information about the pressure of the compressed air present at the outlet of the compressor.
  • the actuation of the actuators of the exhaust gas turbocharger 2 is inter alia dependent on the exhaust gas back pressure, since the output power of the turbine 3 is determined by the drop in pressure across the turbine.
  • This drop in pressure across the turbine is defined by the exhaust back pressure after the exhaust valve (s) of the internal combustion engine and the exhaust back pressure after the turbine, ie at the same operating point of the internal combustion engine, an increase in the exhaust back pressure before the particle filter 6 due to an increased flow resistance in the particle filter 6 to a reduced pressure drop across the turbine.
  • the output from the turbine power is less than the determined by the control unit 7 using the stored maps performance, since the stored engine map based on the pressure drop across the turbine at unloaded
  • the present invention provides a method and an apparatus in which a conclusion of a change in the pilot exhaust demand of the exhaust gas turbocharger on a change in the drop in pressure across the turbine as a result of an increasing loading of the exhaust particulate ver ⁇ caused increase in the exhaust backpressure in the exhaust particulate filter is pulled.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for determining the load condition of an exhaust gas particulate filter located in the exhaust path of a turbocharged internal combustion engine; in order to determine the load condition of the exhaust gas particulate filter, the behavior of a charging-pressure controller or the charging pressure of the turbocharger is analyzed.

Description

Beschreibung description
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung des Beladungszustands eines Abgaspartikelfilters Method and device for determining the loading state of an exhaust gas particulate filter
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung des Beladungszustands eines Abgaspartikelfilters. The invention relates to a method and a device for determining the loading state of an exhaust gas particulate filter.
Neuere Kraftfahrzeuge mit Dieselmotoren sind in der Regel mit einem Abgaspartikelfiltersystem zur Abgasnachbehandlung ausgerüstet, um die gesetzlichen Vorschriften hinsichtlich Newer motor vehicles with diesel engines are usually equipped with an exhaust gas particulate filter system for exhaust aftertreatment in order to meet the legal requirements
Partikelausstoss einhalten zu können. Aber auch bei Ottomotoren ist eine Verschärfung der gesetzlichen Anforderungen hinsichtlich der Abgaspartikelemission zu erwarten, so dass auch Fahrzeuge mit Ottomotor zukünftig mit einem Abgaspartikelfilter ausgestattet sein dürften. Abgaspartikelfiltersysteme haben die Aufgabe, die bei der motorischen Verbrennung entstehenden Rußpartikel auszufiltern . Da die Rußpartikelspeicherfähigkeit eines Abgaspartikelfilters begrenzt ist, besteht die Notwendigkeit, den Abgaspartikelfilter bei entsprechend hoher Beladung zu regenerieren. Bei dieser Regeneration werden die eingelagerten Rußpartikel verbrannt, so dass in dem regenerierten Abgaspartikelfilter erneut Rußpartikel eingelagert werden können. To comply with particle emissions. But even with gasoline engines, a tightening of the legal requirements with regard to the emission of exhaust particulates is to be expected, so that vehicles with petrol engines in the future should be equipped with an exhaust particulate filter. Exhaust particle filter systems have the task of filtering out the resulting during motor combustion soot particles. Since the soot particulate storage capacity of an exhaust particulate filter is limited, there is a need to regenerate the exhaust particulate filter at a correspondingly high load. In this regeneration, the stored soot particles are burned, so that in the regenerated exhaust particulate filter soot particles can be stored again.
Die Regeneration eines Abgaspartikelfilters erfolgt üblicher- weise bei einer hohen Abgastemperatur, die sich entweder im praktischen Fahrbetrieb ergibt oder bei Bedarf durch eine entsprechende Verstellung von Motorparametern erzeugt wird. Ein Aktivieren einer derartigen künstlichen Regeneration erfolgt in der Regel abhängig vom Beladungszustand des Abgaspartikel- filters, welcher üblicherweise anhand des mit steigenderThe regeneration of an exhaust gas particulate filter is usually carried out at a high exhaust gas temperature, which results either in practical driving operation or, if required, is generated by a corresponding adjustment of engine parameters. An activation of such an artificial regeneration generally takes place as a function of the loading state of the exhaust gas particulate filter, which is usually based on the with increasing
Partikelbeladung steigenden Abgasgegendrucks ermittelt wird. Überschreitet während des Motorbetriebs der Abgasgegendruck oder der Differenzdruck über dem Partikelfilter eine vorgegebene Schwelle, dann wird unter Berücksichtigung weiterer Parameter wie beispielsweise der Betriebstemperatur und der Motordrehzahl durch eine entsprechende Verstellung von Motorparametern die Abgastemperatur über die Temperatur, bei der der Abbrand der Rußpartikel einsetzt, angehoben. Particle loading increasing exhaust backpressure is determined. Exceeds during engine operation, the exhaust back pressure or the differential pressure across the particulate filter a predetermined threshold, then taking into account other parameters such as the operating temperature and the engine speed by a corresponding adjustment of engine parameters, the exhaust gas temperature above the temperature at which the combustion of soot particles begins raised ,
Es ist bereits bekannt, einen Anstieg des Abgasgegendrucks unter Verwendung von Abgasdrucksensoren, die im Abgasstrang vor und gegebenenfalls zusätzlich hinter dem Abgaspartikelfilter verbaut sind, oder unter Verwendung von Differenzdrucksensoren, die einen Druckanstieg über dem Filtersystem messen, zu ermitteln . It is already known to ascertain an increase in the exhaust gas backpressure using exhaust gas pressure sensors which are installed in the exhaust gas line before and optionally additionally behind the exhaust gas particulate filter, or by using differential pressure sensors which measure a pressure increase across the filter system.
Ein Nachteil dieser Vorgehensweise besteht darin, dass die genannten Sensoren aufgrund der mit der Einbauposition verbundenen hohen Abgastemperatur und einer Verschmutzung durch das Abgas stark beansprucht werden. Das schlägt sich einerseits in hohen Kosten für geeignete Sensoren sowie andererseits in einer erhöhten Anfälligkeit in Bezug auf einen Ausfall der Sensoren nieder . A disadvantage of this procedure is that the said sensors are heavily stressed due to the high exhaust gas temperature associated with the installation position and pollution by the exhaust gas. This is reflected on the one hand in high costs for suitable sensors and on the other hand in an increased susceptibility to failure of the sensors down.
Aus der DE 10 2013 211 781 AI sind ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Regeneration eines Partikelfilters bekannt. Dieses bekannte Verfahren kommt bei einem Verbren¬ nungsmotor zum Einsatz, der ein Ansaugluftkompressorsystem aufweist und fluidtechnisch mit einem Abgasnachbehandlungs¬ system gekoppelt ist, das einen Partikelfilter aufweist. Es umfasst ein Bestimmen einer stationären Erzeugungsrate von den Motor verlassendem Ruß aufgrund von Motorbetriebspunkten, ein Erstellen der stationären Erzeugungsrate von den Motor verlassendem Ruß als Reaktion auf eine transiente Änderung eines Ladedrucks von dem Ansaugluftkompressorsystem und ein Steuern der Regeneration des Partikelfilters als Reaktion auf die eingestellte stationäre Erzeugungsrate von den Motor verlas¬ sendem Ruß. Das Steuern der Regeneration des Partikelfilters als Reaktion auf die eingestellte Erzeugungsrate von den Motor verlassendem Ruß umfasst ein zeitliches Integrieren der eingestellten zeitlich stationären Erzeugungsrate von den Motor verlassendem Ruß und ein Anweisen einer Regeneration des Partikelfilters, wenn die zeitlich integrierte eingestellte Erzeugungsrate von den Motor verlassendem Ruß eine vorbestimmte Schwelle überschreitet. From DE 10 2013 211 781 AI a method and an apparatus for controlling the regeneration of a particulate filter are known. This known method is applied to a Burn ¬ voltage motor is used, which has a Ansaugluftkompressorsystem and is fluidly coupled to an exhaust gas treatment ¬ system comprising a particulate filter. It includes determining a steady-state production rate of soot exiting the engine based on engine operating points, generating the steady state rate of soot exiting the engine in response to a transient change in boost pressure from the intake air compressor system and controlling regeneration of the particulate filter in response to the adjusted stationary one production rate of leaving the engine ¬ rently carbon black. Controlling the regeneration of the particulate filter in response to the set generation rate of the engine leaving soot comprises integrating the adjusted steady-state production rate of soot leaving the engine over time and instructing regeneration of the particulate filter when the temporally integrated set generation rate of soot exiting the engine exceeds a predetermined threshold.
Aus der DE 10 2007 003 153 AI ist ein Verfahren zur From DE 10 2007 003 153 Al a method for
Plausibilisierung eines ermittelten Differenzdruckwertes über einen Partikelfilter bekannt. Diese Plausibilitätsbewertung erfolgt unter Verwendung einer ersten Messeinheit zur Ermittlung des Differenzdruckwerts und einer zweiten Messeinheit, die einen Ladedruck der Brennkraftmaschine ermittelt. Es wird jedem Differenzdruckwert ein Ladedruckwert der Brennkraftmaschine zugeordnet. Beide Kennwerte werden in einem Kennfeldspeicher gespeichert. Ein fehlerhafter Differenzdruckwert wird dann identifiziert, wenn sich der gemessene Differenzdruckwert außerhalb eines vorgebbaren oberen und unteren Grenzbereichs für den jeweils ermittelten Ladedruck der Brennkraftmaschine zu- geordneten und gespeicherten Differenzdruckwerts befindet. Plausibility check of a determined differential pressure value via a particle filter. This plausibility assessment is carried out using a first measuring unit for determining the differential pressure value and a second measuring unit, which determines a boost pressure of the internal combustion engine. It is assigned to each differential pressure value, a boost pressure value of the internal combustion engine. Both characteristic values are stored in a map memory. A faulty differential pressure value is identified when the measured differential pressure value is outside a predefinable upper and lower limit range for the respectively determined boost pressure of the internal combustion engine assigned and stored differential pressure value.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, ein Verfahren zur Ermittlung des Beladungszustands eines Abgas¬ partikelfilters anzugeben, das keine Abgasdrucksensoren be- nötigt und dennoch den Zeitpunkt einer fälligen Regeneration des Abgaspartikelfilters zuverlässig ermittelt. The object of the present invention is to provide a method for determining the loading state of an exhaust ¬ particle filter, which does not require exhaust gas pressure sensors and yet reliably determines the time of a due regeneration of the exhaust particulate filter.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben. Der unabhängige Patentanspruch 7 hat eine Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung des Beladungszustands eines Abgaspartikelfilters zum Gegenstand. Durch die vorliegende Erfindung wird ein Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Beladung eines Abgaspartikelfilters, welches im Abgasweg eines von einem Turbolader aufgeladenen Verbrennungsmotors angeordnet ist, bereitgestellt, bei welchem zur Ermittlung des Beladungszustands des Abgaspartikelfilters eine Analyse des Verhaltens eines Ladedruckreglers des Abgasturboladers vor¬ genommen wird. Durch die Vornahme einer derartigen indirekten Ermittlung des Beladungszustands wird eine Messung des Abgasdruckes vor und nach dem Partikelfilter unter Verwendung von Abgasdrucksensoren entbehrlich. Auch bedarf es keines Differenzdrucksensors. This object is achieved by a method having the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims. The independent claim 7 has a device for determining the loading state of an exhaust particulate filter to the object. The present invention provides a method for determining the loading of an exhaust gas particulate filter, which is arranged in the exhaust path of an internal combustion engine charged by a turbocharger, in which for determining the Loading state of the exhaust particulate filter is an analysis of the behavior of a boost pressure regulator of the exhaust gas turbocharger before ¬ taken. By performing such an indirect determination of the load state, a measurement of the exhaust gas pressure before and after the particulate filter using exhaust gas pressure sensors is dispensable. Also, it does not require a differential pressure sensor.
Dadurch werden Probleme vermieden, die bei bekannten Verfahren aufgrund der mit der Anordnung derartiger Sensoren im heißen Abgasstrang eines Verbrennungsmotors entstehen. As a result, problems are avoided, which arise in known methods due to the arrangement of such sensors in the hot exhaust line of an internal combustion engine.
Weitere vorteilhafte Eigenschaften der Erfindung ergeben sich aus deren nachfolgender beispielhafter Erläuterung anhand der Figur 1. Diese zeigt eine Blockdarstellung einer Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung der Beladung eines Abgaspartikelfilters. Further advantageous features of the invention will become apparent from the following exemplary explanation with reference to FIG 1. This shows a block diagram of a device for determining the loading of an exhaust gas particulate filter.
Die dargestellte Vorrichtung weist einen Verbrennungsmotor 1, einen eine Turbine 3 und einen Kompressor 5 enthaltenden Ab- gasturbolader 2, ein Abgaspartikelfilter 6, eine Steuereinheit 7, einen Arbeitsprogrammspeicher 8 und einen Datenspeicher 9 auf. Der Turbine 3 wird das heiße Abgas des Verbrennungsmotors 1 zugeführt und zum Antrieb eines Turbinenrades verwendet. Das Turbinenrad ist mit einer Welle 4 drehfest verbunden. Die Welle 4 ist wiederum drehfest mit einem im Kompressor 5 angeordneten Kompressorrad verbunden, so dass Drehungen des Turbinenrades auf das Kompressorrad übertragen werden. Durch die Drehung des Kompressorrades wird dem Kompressor zugeführte Frischluft verdichtet. Die verdichtete Frischluft wird dem Verbren- nungsmotor 1 zugeführt und dient zu dessen Leistungssteigerung. The device shown has an internal combustion engine 1, an exhaust gas turbocharger 2 containing a turbine 3 and a compressor 5, an exhaust gas particle filter 6, a control unit 7, a work program memory 8 and a data memory 9. The turbine 3 is supplied to the hot exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 1 and used to drive a turbine wheel. The turbine wheel is rotatably connected to a shaft 4. The shaft 4 is in turn rotatably connected to a compressor 5 arranged in the compressor wheel, so that rotations of the turbine wheel are transmitted to the compressor wheel. By the rotation of the compressor wheel, the compressor supplied fresh air is compressed. The compressed fresh air is supplied to the internal combustion engine 1 and serves to increase its performance.
Die dargestellte Vorrichtung weist des Weiteren eine Steuer¬ einheit 7 auf, bei der es sich vorzugsweise um das Steuergerät des Kraftfahrzeugs handelt. Die Steuereinheit 7 ist mit einem Arbeitsprogrammspeicher 8 verbunden, in welchem das Arbeitsprogramm der Steuereinheit abgespeichert ist. Des Weiteren ist die Steuereinheit 7 mit einem Datenspeicher 9 verbunden, in welchem Daten abgespeichert sind, die u. a. Kennfeldern ent- sprechen, welche von der Steuereinheit 7 während des Betriebes des Kraftfahrzeugs benötigt werden. The illustrated device further comprises a control ¬ unit 7, which is preferably the control unit of the motor vehicle. The control unit 7 is connected to a work program memory 8, in which the work program of the control unit is stored. Furthermore, the control unit 7 is connected to a data memory 9, in which data are stored, which, inter alia, maps speak, which are required by the control unit 7 during operation of the motor vehicle.
Die Steuereinheit 7 umfasst einen Ladedruckregler 7a, welcher im Betrieb des Abgasturboladers 2 dazu dient, den Ladedruck des Abgasturboladers 2 zu regeln. The control unit 7 comprises a charge pressure regulator 7a, which serves to regulate the boost pressure of the exhaust gas turbocharger 2 during operation of the exhaust gas turbocharger 2.
Die Steuereinheit 7 hat die Aufgabe, im Betrieb des Kraft¬ fahrzeugs in Abhängigkeit von ihr zugeführten Sensorsignalen sei unter Anwendung des Arbeitsprogrammes und unter Zuhilfenahme der im Speicher 9 abgespeicherten Daten Steuersignale sl, s2 und s3 zu ermitteln und auszugeben. Die Steuersignale sl dienen zur Steuerung des Verbrennungsmotors 1, das Steuersignal s2 zur Steuerung der Aktuatoren der Turbine 3 und das Steuersignal s3 zur Steuerung der Aktuatoren des Kompressors 5. Zu den Aktuatoren der Turbine 3 gehört ein Wastegateventil oder eine variable Turbinengeometrie, deren Öffnungszustand durch das Steuersignal s2 bei Bedarf verändert wird. Zu den Aktuatoren des Kompressors 5 gehört ein Bypassventil , über welches bei Bedarf verdichtete Luft an den Eingang des Kompressors 5 zurückgeführt wird. Der Öffnungszustand dieses Bypassventils wird durch das Steuersignal s3 eingestellt. The control unit 7 has the task is using the work program and with the aid of data stored in memory 9 control signals sl, s2 and s3 to determine and to output the operation of the motor ¬ vehicle depending on its supplied sensor signals. The control signals sl serve to control the internal combustion engine 1, the control signal s2 to control the actuators of the turbine 3 and the control signal s3 to control the actuators of the compressor 5. The actuators of the turbine 3 includes a wastegate valve or a variable turbine geometry whose opening state by the Control signal s2 is changed if necessary. To the actuators of the compressor 5 includes a bypass valve, via which, if necessary compressed air is fed back to the input of the compressor 5. The opening state of this bypass valve is set by the control signal s3.
Zu den genannten Sensorsignalen sei gehören unter anderem das Ausgangssignal eines Fahrpedalsensors, das eine Betätigung des Fahrpedals anzeigt, das Ausgangssignal eines oder mehrerer Temperatursensoren, die jeweils eine Information über eine an einer vorgegebenen Stelle des Abgasturboladers gemessene Temperatur anzeigen, und das Ausgangssignal eines Drucksensors, der eine Information über den Druck der am Ausgang des Kompressors vorliegenden, verdichteten Luft zur Verfügung stellt. The sensor signals mentioned include, inter alia, the output signal of an accelerator pedal sensor, which indicates an actuation of the accelerator pedal, the output signal of one or more temperature sensors, which respectively display information about a temperature measured at a predetermined location of the exhaust gas turbocharger, and the output signal of a pressure sensor, the providing information about the pressure of the compressed air present at the outlet of the compressor.
Die Ansteuerung der Aktuatoren des Abgasturboladers 2 ist unter anderem vom Abgasgegendruck abhängig, da die abgegebene Leistung der Turbine 3 vom Abfall des Druckes über die Turbine bestimmt wird. Dieser Abfall des Druckes über die Turbine definiert sich über den Abgasgegendruck nach dem oder den Auslassventilen des Verbrennungsmotors und den Abgasgegendruck nach der Turbine, d.h. den Abgasgegendruck vor dem Partikelfilter 6. Damit führt bei gleichem Betriebspunkt des Verbrennungsmotors ein Anstieg des Abgasgegendrucks vor dem Partikelfilter 6 infolge eines erhöhten Strömungswiderstands im Partikelfilter 6 zu einem reduzierten Druckabfall über die Turbine. Dadurch ist die von der Turbine abgegebene Leistung geringer als die von der Steuereinheit 7 unter Verwendung der abgespeicherten Kennfelder ermittelte Leistung, da das abgespeicherte Motorkennfeld auf Basis des Druckabfalls über die Turbine bei unbeladenem The actuation of the actuators of the exhaust gas turbocharger 2 is inter alia dependent on the exhaust gas back pressure, since the output power of the turbine 3 is determined by the drop in pressure across the turbine. This drop in pressure across the turbine is defined by the exhaust back pressure after the exhaust valve (s) of the internal combustion engine and the exhaust back pressure after the turbine, ie at the same operating point of the internal combustion engine, an increase in the exhaust back pressure before the particle filter 6 due to an increased flow resistance in the particle filter 6 to a reduced pressure drop across the turbine. As a result, the output from the turbine power is less than the determined by the control unit 7 using the stored maps performance, since the stored engine map based on the pressure drop across the turbine at unloaded
Abgaspartikelfilter erstellt wurde. Damit wird im Betrieb des Verbrennungsmotors der für den einzustellenden Motorbe¬ triebspunkt von der Steuereinheit angeforderte Sollladedruck mit einer auf dem abgespeicherten Motorkennfeld beruhenden Vorsteuerung nicht zur Gänze erreicht. Folglich liegt eine Differenz zwischen dem Sollladedruck und dem Istladedruck vor, die von dem in der Steuereinheit vorhandenen Ladedruckregler 7a ausgeglichen wird. Dies führt zu einer Reglerabweichung, welche auch abhängig vom Beladungszustand des Abgaspartikelfilters 6 ist. Somit kann das Verhalten des Ladedruckreglers 7a zur Ermittlung des Beladungszustands des Abgaspartikelfilters 6 verwendet werden. Folglich kann der Zeitpunkt einer notwendigen Regeneration des Abgaspartikelfilters unter Verwendung einer Analyse des Verhaltens des Ladedruckreglers 7a ermittelt werden. Exhaust particulate filter was created. Thus, the requested adjusted for the Motorbe ¬ operating point from the control unit target boost pressure is not achieved with timing based on said stored engine map feedforward entirely in the operation of the internal combustion engine. As a result, there is a difference between the target supercharging pressure and the actual supercharging pressure, which is compensated by the supercharging pressure regulator 7a provided in the control unit. This leads to a regulator deviation, which is also dependent on the loading state of the exhaust gas particulate filter 6. Thus, the behavior of the boost pressure regulator 7a can be used to determine the loading state of the exhaust particulate filter 6. Thus, the timing of a necessary regeneration of the exhaust particulate filter can be determined by using an analysis of the behavior of the wastegate 7a.
Für diese Analyse des Verhaltens des Ladedruckreglers 7a gibt es verschiedene Möglichkeiten. In der Regel nimmt die Beladung des Abgaspartikelfilters bis zu dem Zeitpunkt, an dem eine Rege¬ neration des Abgaspartikelfilters erforderlich ist, einen längeren Zeitraum in Anspruch. Folglich muss eine Langzeitbeobachtung des Verhaltens des Ladedruckreglers 7a und damit auch des Vorsteuerbedarfs des Abgasturboladers 2 vorgenommen werden. Für eine solche Langzeitbeobachtung ist eine Analyse der erforderlichen Adaptionen der Vorsteuerung des Abgasturboladers geeignet. Auch eine Langzeitbeobachtung von Ladedrucküberschwingern und Ladedruckunterschwingern ist geeignet. Als StartZeitpunkt für eine derartige Langzeitbeobachtung wird in vorteilhafter Weise ein Zeitpunkt unmittelbar nach der Vornahme einer Regeneration gewählt. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt erfolgt ein Rücksetzen der genannten Adaptionswerte für die Vorsteuerung des Abgasturboladers. Von diesem Zeitpunkt ausgehend ist eine neue Langzeitbeobachtung der Adaptionswerte für die Vorsteuerung des Abgasturboladers vorzunehmen. There are various possibilities for this analysis of the behavior of the charge pressure regulator 7a. In general, the loading of the exhaust particulate increases up to the time at which a Rege ¬ neration of the exhaust gas particulate filter is required, a longer period to complete. Consequently, a long-term observation of the behavior of the boost pressure regulator 7a and thus also the pre-tax requirement of the exhaust gas turbocharger 2 must be made. For such a long-term observation, an analysis of the required adaptations of the pilot control of the exhaust gas turbocharger is suitable. Long-term observation of boost pressure overshoots and boost pressure undershoots is also suitable. As a starting point for such a long-term observation, a time instant immediately after a regeneration is advantageously selected. At this time, a reset of the said adaptation values for the pilot control of the exhaust gas turbocharger takes place. Starting from this point in time, a new long-term observation of the adaptation values for the pilot control of the exhaust-gas turbocharger is to be carried out.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich dazu kann auch überprüft werden, ob langfristig charakteristische Veränderungen der vom Lade¬ druckregler ausgegebenen Steuersignale auftreten. Des Weiteren kann alternativ oder zusätzlich dazu überprüft werden, ob langfristig charakteristische Abweichungen zwischen dem La¬ dedrucksollwert und dem Ladedruckistwert auftreten. Alternatively or additionally, can also be checked whether the long term characteristic changes of the control signals from the charge ¬ pressure regulator occur. Furthermore, alternatively or additionally be checked as to whether the long term characteristic differences between the La ¬ dedrucksollwert and the boost pressure occur.
Alle vorgenannten Überprüfungen erfolgen in Abhängigkeit von auftretenden Änderungen des Abgasgegendrucks. All the above checks are made in response to changes occurring in the exhaust back pressure.
Nach alledem stellt die vorliegende Erfindung ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung bereit, bei welchen ein Rückschluss von einem geänderten Vorsteuerbedarf des Abgasturboladers auf eine Veränderung des Abfalls des Drucks über die Turbine in Folge eines durch eine zunehmende Beladung des Abgaspartikelfilters ver¬ ursachten Anstieg des Abgasgegendrucks im Abgaspartikelfilter gezogen wird. After all, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus in which a conclusion of a change in the pilot exhaust demand of the exhaust gas turbocharger on a change in the drop in pressure across the turbine as a result of an increasing loading of the exhaust particulate ver ¬ caused increase in the exhaust backpressure in the exhaust particulate filter is pulled.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Beladung eines Abgaspartikelfilters (6), welches im Abgasweg eines von einem Abgasturbolader (2) aufgeladenen Verbrennungsmotors (1) angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Ermittlung des Beladungszustands des Abgaspartikelfilters (6) eine Analyse des Verhaltens eines Ladedruckreglers (7a) oder des Ladedruckes des Abgasturboladers (2) vorgenommen wird. 1. A method for determining the loading of an exhaust gas particulate filter (6) which is arranged in the exhaust path of an exhaust gas turbocharger (2) supercharged internal combustion engine (1), characterized in that for determining the loading state of the exhaust particulate filter (6) an analysis of the behavior of a boost pressure regulator (7a) or the charge pressure of the exhaust gas turbocharger (2) is made.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur Ermittlung des Beladungszustands des Abgaspartikelfilters (6) eine Langzeitbeobachtung des Verhaltens des Ladedruckreglers (7a) oder des Ladedruckes des Abgasturboladers vorgenommen wird. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for determining the loading state of the exhaust gas particulate filter (6) a long-term observation of the behavior of the boost pressure regulator (7a) or the boost pressure of the exhaust gas turbocharger is made.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ladedruckregler (7a) Steuersignale (s2, s3) für den Abgasturbolader (2) bereitstellt und eine Auswertung dieser Steuersignale vorgenommen wird, um Adaptionswerte für eine Vorsteuerung des Abgasturboladers (2) zu ermitteln, und dass überprüft wird, ob langfristig eine Veränderung der Adapti¬ onswerte auftritt. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wastegate (7a) provides control signals (s2, s3) for the exhaust gas turbocharger (2) and an evaluation of these control signals is made to adaptation values for a pilot control of the exhaust gas turbocharger (2) determine and that it is checked whether a change in the Adapti ¬ onwerte occurs in the long term.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass überprüft wird, ob langfristig eine charakteristische Veränderung der vom Ladedruckregler (7a) ausgegebenen Steuersignale auftritt. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is checked whether a long-term characteristic change of the charge pressure regulator (7a) output control signals occurs.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass überprüft wird, ob langfristig charak¬ teristische Abweichungen zwischen einem Ladedrucksollwert und einem Ladedruckistwert auftreten. 5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is checked whether long-term charak ¬ teristic deviations between a boost pressure setpoint and a boost pressure actual value occur.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als StartZeitpunkt für die Analyse des6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as a start time for the analysis of
Verhaltens des Ladedruckreglers (7a) ein Zeitpunkt unmittelbar nach einer erfolgten Regeneration des Abgaspartikelfilters (6) gewählt wird. Behavior of the boost pressure regulator (7a) a time immediately after a successful regeneration of the exhaust particulate filter (6) is selected.
7. Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung der Beladung eines Abgaspartikelfilters (6), welches im Abgasweg eines von einem Abgasturbolader (2) aufgeladenen Verbrennungsmotors (1) angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Steuereinheit (7) aufweist, die zur Steuerung eines Verfahrens nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche ausgebildet ist. 7. A device for determining the loading of an exhaust gas particulate filter (6), which in the exhaust path of an exhaust gas turbocharger (2) supercharged internal combustion engine (1) is arranged, characterized in that it comprises a control unit (7) for controlling a method according to a of the preceding claims is formed.
PCT/EP2016/058198 2015-06-17 2016-04-14 Method and device for determining the load condition of an exhaust gas particulate filter WO2016202481A1 (en)

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