WO2016200920A1 - Rouleau de friction ayant une ou plusieurs couches de matériau renforcées de tissu, et procédés - Google Patents

Rouleau de friction ayant une ou plusieurs couches de matériau renforcées de tissu, et procédés Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016200920A1
WO2016200920A1 PCT/US2016/036423 US2016036423W WO2016200920A1 WO 2016200920 A1 WO2016200920 A1 WO 2016200920A1 US 2016036423 W US2016036423 W US 2016036423W WO 2016200920 A1 WO2016200920 A1 WO 2016200920A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layers
fabric
fabric layer
elastomer
body portion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2016/036423
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jim R. HALLADAY
Alfred Claflin
Original Assignee
Lord Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lord Corporation filed Critical Lord Corporation
Publication of WO2016200920A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016200920A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
    • B32B25/10—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C25/00—Alighting gear
    • B64C25/32—Alighting gear characterised by elements which contact the ground or similar surface 
    • B64C25/405—Powered wheels, e.g. for taxing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H13/00—Gearing for conveying rotary motion with constant gear ratio by friction between rotary members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/32—Friction members
    • F16H55/34—Non-adjustable friction discs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/32—Friction members
    • F16H55/36—Pulleys
    • F16H55/48—Pulleys manufactured exclusively or in part of non-metallic material, e.g. plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
    • B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
    • B32B2260/048—Natural or synthetic rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/04—Cellulosic plastic fibres, e.g. rayon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2274/00—Thermoplastic elastomer material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2475/00—Frictional elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/18—Aircraft
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/80—Energy efficient operational measures, e.g. ground operations or mission management

Definitions

  • the subject matter herein generally relates to the design and construction of rollers and wheels for friction drive systems and methods.
  • the subject matter herein more particularly relates to the construction of a body and/or outer contact portion of a friction roller.
  • the main landing gear wheels are driven by elastomeric rollers that apply torque by friction on a crown track attached to the wheels. Because of this arrangement, it is desirable to have a flexible (i.e., soft) contact between the rollers and the crown track in order to accommodate the relative displacements of the wheel with the landing gear structure (e.g., about 5 degrees of freedom).
  • the elastomer needs to be relatively stiff, but a stiff elastomer at the surface lowers the coefficient of friction and results in a high heat build-up in the body of the roller. Furthermore, low hysteresis compounds tend to be poor in abrasion resistance.
  • a friction roller it would be desirable for a friction roller to be able to carry the high loads but to give low heat build-up.
  • at least an outer portion of such a roller it would be further desirable for at least an outer portion of such a roller to provide both high abrasion resistance for wear and a high coefficient of friction.
  • a drive roller in which a coupling element is configured to be driven by a rotary force input, a body portion surrounds the coupling element, and an outer contact portion surrounds the body portion and is configured for transferring torque from the rotary force input to a driven element.
  • the body portion comprises one or more layers of elastomer-reinforced fabric including at least one fabric layer arranged between at least two of a plurality of elastomeric layers, the at least one fabric layer and the elastomeric layers being bonded together to form the body portion.
  • roller drive system configured to be rotationally coupled to a driven element, a coupling element is configured to be driven by a rotary force input, a body portion surrounds the coupling element, and an outer contact portion surrounding the body portion is configured for engaging the crown track for transferring torque from the rotary force input to the driven element.
  • the body portion comprises one or more layers of elastomer-reinforced fabric including at least one fabric layer arranged between at least two of a plurality of elastomeric layers, the at least one fabric layer and the elastomeric layers being bonded together to form the body portion.
  • a method for making a drive roller includes positioning one or more layers of elastomer-reinforced fabric about a coupling element that is configured to be driven by a rotary force input, the one or more layers of elastomer-reinforced fabric comprising at least one fabric layer positioned between at least two of a plurality of elastomeric layers. The method further includes bonding the at least one fabric layer and the elastomeric layers together to form a body portion and positioning an outer contact portion about the body portion.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective side view of an aircraft landing gear assembly including a friction drive roller assembly.
  • Figure 2 is a side view of elements of a friction drive roller assembly associated with a crown track of an aircraft landing gear assembly.
  • Figure 3 is a perspective side view of a friction drive roller.
  • Figures 4-5 are side sectional views illustrating friction drive rollers.
  • Figure 6 is a side view illustrating a body portion of a friction drive roller including a fiber-reinforced laminated material.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective side view of a method of forming a fiber-reinforced laminated material for use as a body portion of a friction drive roller.
  • Figure 8 is a side view of a method of forming a fiber-reinforced laminated material for use as a body portion of a friction drive roller.
  • Figures 9A-9C are side views of various embodiments of a fiber-reinforced laminated material for use as a body portion of a friction drive roller .
  • Figure 10 is a side sectional view illustrating a lobed drive roller of an alternate embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 11 is a side view of a lobed drive roller engaged with a contoured crown track of an alternate embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 12 is a detail view of the lobed drive roller engaged with a contoured crown track according to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 11.
  • FIGS. 1-12 illustrate various aspects, views, and/or features associated with improvements in the design and construction of rollers and wheels for friction drive systems and methods.
  • the present subject matter comprises a friction drive system for use in the main landing gears of aircraft.
  • a landing gear system comprises a landing gear wheel 100 that is connected to a crown track 110 for rotation together.
  • one or more rotary force inputs 120 are configured to drive the rotation of a corresponding one or more friction drive rollers 130, which are sized and positioned to frictionally engage crown track 110.
  • friction drive rollers 130 are movable into and out of contact with crown track 110 (See, e.g., arrows in FIG. 2) to selectively engage or disengage rotary force input 120 from driving the motion of landing gear wheel 100.
  • stiff elastomer rollers e.g., rubber
  • at least a portion of the body of friction drive rollers 130 disclosed herein comprise a fabric-reinforced elastomer. Fabric reinforcement of the elastomer adds stiffness to the elastomeric material in addition to conferring durability and/or fatigue resistance.
  • the use of woven fabric serves to increase both stiffness and mechanical properties to a level not attainable through filler addition alone.
  • friction drive roller 130 includes a coupling element 131 at is core configured to be driven by rotary force input 120.
  • Coupling element 131 in the illustrated examples is a substantially ring-shaped hub having an internal gear configuration in which teeth are cut into the inside diameter of the ring for engagement with a complementary gear element on rotary force input 120.
  • Those having ordinary skill in the art will recognize that any of a variety of other known mechanisms for connecting rotary force input 120 and coupling element 131 for rotation together (e.g., a keyed joint, adhesive bonding) are also contemplated for use with the present subject matter.
  • a body portion 133 comprises one or more layers of elastomer-reinforced fabric.
  • the body portion 133 includes at least one fabric layer 134 and a plurality of elastomeric layers 135, where each fabric layer 134 is arranged between two elastomeric layers 135.
  • the fabric layers 134 and the elastomeric layers 135 are bonded together to form body portion 133.
  • fiber materials that are known for use in composite structures are also appropriate for use in the construction of at least one fabric layer 134.
  • the at least one fabric layer 134 is composed include a woven or non-woven fabric made from carbon fibers, carbon nanofibers, cellulose, graphite, glass, aramid, nylon, rayon, polyester, and/or combinations thereof.
  • the at least one fabric layer 134 are comprised of an epoxy-carbon or epoxy-graphite prepreg.
  • each fabric layer 134 comprises single-direction fibers, it is advantageous to use at least two layers together, with the fiber directions being aligned in different directions (e.g., the fiber direction of one layer being oriented 90° from that of another layer).
  • at least one fabric layer 134 is arranged between at least two of elastomeric layers 135 as indicated above.
  • elastomeric layers 135 are comprised of rubber stock that is calendered to be as thin as possible, but on the order of five (5) to ten (10) times the thickness of the fabric layer 134.
  • fabric layer 134 and elastomeric layers 135 are separate elements that are layered together to form the desired shape of body portion 133, and the layers are subsequently bonded together. (See, e.g., FIG. 4)
  • one or more of fabric layer 134 and one or more elastomeric layers 135 are integrated together into a corresponding one or more composite fabric-elastomer layers 136 that are employed as discrete "sheets" of substantially two-dimensional, elastomer-coated fabric. (See, e.g., FIG.
  • composite fabric-elastomer layers 136 comprise elastomeric material that is reinforced with up to 10 parts per hundred rubber (phr) fiber selected from the group consisting of carbon fibers, carbon nanofibers, cellulose, graphite, glass, aramid, nylon, rayon, polyester, and combinations thereof.
  • each fabric layer 134 is bonded to elastomeric layers 135 using commercially available resorcinol formaldehyde latex (RFL) treatments, adhesives such as CHEMLOK®, and/or combinations thereof to form composite fabric-elastomer layers 136.
  • RTL resorcinol formaldehyde latex
  • each fabric layer 134 is calendered (e.g., by frictioning and/or skimming) or otherwise sandwiched within elastomeric layers 135 prior to assembling the layers for bonding.
  • each fabric layer 134 is coated with the elastomer (e.g., by frictioning and/or skimming via calendering) on only one side of each fabric layer 134 prior to assembling the layers for bonding.
  • composite fabric -elastomer layers 136 are arranged in radial layers (e.g., around coupling element 131) to form body portion 133.
  • a further bonding process is performed to bond successive strata of composite fabric -elastomer layers 136 together.
  • each fabric layer 134 being substantially encapsulated by one or more surrounding elastomeric layers 135.
  • elastomeric layers 135 are configured to substantially fill the interstices of fabric layer 134 such that the individual layers of elastomer and fabric are virtually indiscernible.
  • fabric layer 134 and elastomeric layers 135 are spirally rolled around a central core (i.e., around coupling element 131) to define alternating layers of material as illustrated in FIGS. 7-8. Additionally, fabric layer 134 and elastomeric layers 135 are each single sheets of material that are wound in a substantially continuous spiral configuration, such as is illustrated in FIG. 8. In alternative embodiments, multiple composite fabric -elastomer layers 136 are wound in a discontinuous spiral about the center as shown in FIGS. 9A-9C.
  • composite fabric-elastomer layers 136 comprise a plurality of panels (e.g., a first composite fabric-elastomer panel 136a, a second composite fabric- elastomer panel 136b, a third composite fabric-elastomer panel 136c) that are wound sequentially in a substantially end-to-end arrangement around coupling element 131 to together form body portion 133.
  • panels e.g., a first composite fabric-elastomer panel 136a, a second composite fabric- elastomer panel 136b, a third composite fabric-elastomer panel 136c
  • the sequential panels of composite fabric -elastomer layers 136 are sized such that they wrap distances around coupling element 131 that are designed such that seams 139 between the individual panels of composite fabric-elastomer layers 136 (e.g., between a first panel 136a and a second panel 136b) are not radially aligned.
  • the lengths of composite fabric-elastomer layers 136 are selected such that they wrap distances that do not divide evenly into the circumference of body portion 133 at that layer. Since seams 139 are essentially discontinuities in the fabric reinforcement, alignment of these discontinuities between adjacent panels of composite fabric-elastomer layers 136 result in weak spots forming in body portion 133.
  • the panels can be sized to wrap an arc of about 375° (See, e.g., FIG. 9A), about 190° (See, e.g., FIG. 9B), or about 40° (See, e.g., FIG. 9A) around coupling element 131.
  • FIGS. 9A-9C the panels can be sized to wrap an arc of about 375° (See, e.g., FIG. 9A), about 190° (See, e.g., FIG. 9B), or about 40° (See, e.g., FIG. 9A) around coupling element 131.
  • body portion 133 of friction drive roller 130 focuses on carrying the high loads without causing undesirable heat build-up.
  • body portion 133 is formed by a spiral roll of elastomer-reinforced fabric
  • shear forces that develop as a result of the torques applied to friction drive roller 130 are taken up in tension within the layers of the elastomer-reinforced fabric of body portion 133.
  • this configuration of body portion 133 of friction drive roller 130 is configured to provide better resistance to the high shear forces and heat build-up over conventional rollers.
  • the specific composition and/or construction of body portion 133 is selected to produce a desired stiffness.
  • friction drive roller 130 is provided with an outer roller surface.
  • friction drive roller 133 comprises an outer contact portion 140 that surrounds body portion 133 and is configured for transferring torque from rotary force input 120 to a driven element (e.g., crown track 110 associated with landing gear wheel 100).
  • Outer contact portion 140 comprises a plurality of outer material layers 141 (e.g., further elastomeric material layers having the same or different composition from elastomeric layers 135) arranged about body portion 133.
  • outer material layers 141 are arranged in a spiral winding.
  • outer material layers 141 are arranged in concentric radial shells similar to the construction of body portion 133 discussed above with respect to the embodiment of FIG. 8.
  • outer contact portion 140 is composed of a single, comparatively thicker layer of substantially solid rubber material as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the material of outer contact portion 140 is selected to have a high coefficient of friction to more efficiently transfer the torque from rotary force input 120 to the driven element.
  • the term high coefficient of friction means equal to or greater than 1.0.
  • the range of the coefficient of friction is between 0.5 and 1.0 for dry conditions.
  • wet, fouled or extremely cold conditions lower the coefficient of friction is lower.
  • a high abrasion resistance extends the life of the material of outer contact portion 140.
  • body portion 133 and outer contact portion 140 are co- formed and in some cases co-cured in the desired shape.
  • this assembly of body portion 133 and outer contact portion 140 can be post-vulcanization bonded to coupling element 131, one or more mechanical fasteners can be used (not shown), or a combination of bonding mechanisms can be used to couple all of the elements of friction drive roller 130 together.
  • body portion 133 is constructed to have an innermost elastomeric layer 135a bonded to an outer surface of coupling element 131, either over the entire outer surface of coupling element 131 or at one or more discrete joints.
  • innermost elastomeric layer 135a is simply the first of one or more elastomeric layers 135 that are integrated with the at least one fabric layer 134.
  • innermost elastomeric layer 135a is a separate layer that is not associated with a fabric layer 134.
  • outer contact portion 140 of friction drive roller 130 provides a high coefficient of friction (e.g., a coefficient of friction that equal to or greater than 1.0) for engaging a driven element. Additionally, outer contact portion 140 of friction drive roller 130 provides a high abrasion resistance for wear.
  • outer contact portion 140 is configured to transfer torque to a driven element, such as crown track 110 in the case of a frictional drive system for landing gear wheel 100.
  • crown track 110 is a substantially smooth, circular element
  • the ability of friction drive roller 130 to transfer torque from rotary force input 120 to crown track 110, and thus to landing gear wheel 100 depends primarily on the frictional engagement of outer contact portion 140 with crown track 110. Accordingly, the material composition of outer contact portion 140 discussed above directly impacts the ability of friction drive roller 130 to provide an efficient transfer of torque.
  • the crown track and friction roller of such a system is configured to exhibit improved coupling that does not rely on frictional engagement alone.
  • the crown track and friction roller allows the lobed drive roller 150 to maintain or increase the coefficient of friction with increasing pressure by working around the limitation of a decreasing coefficient of friction.
  • the pressures are greater than 1,000 pounds per square inch (6,895 kilopascals) and approaching 2,000 pounds per square inch (13,790 kilopascals).
  • a lobed drive roller 150 is configured for use with a contoured crown track 115.
  • lobed drive roller 150 comprises a coupling element 151 at its core that is configured to be driven by rotary force input 120.
  • coupling element 151 can have some form of engagement element (e.g., an internal gear configuration as discussed above with respect to coupling element 131) configured for engagement with rotary force input 120.
  • lobed drive roller 150 also comprises a body portion 153 surrounding coupling element 151 and an outer contact portion 160 configured for transferring torque to an associated driven element (e.g., provided either as an outermost region of body portion 153 as shown in FIGS. 11-12 or as a separate element that surrounds body portion 153).
  • body portion 153 again comprises one or more layers of elastomer-reinforced fabric.
  • body portion 153 can be constructed in any of a variety of configurations substantially similar to those discussed above with respect to the construction of body portion 133 of friction drive roller 130.
  • body portion 153 need not be composed of a fabric -reinforced elastomer material.
  • body portion 153 is composed of a stiff elastomer material substantially similar to conventional rollers.
  • lobed drive roller 150 comprises one or more lobes 162 that extend outwardly from outer contact portion 160. Any of a variety of methods can be used to form lobes 162.
  • coupling element 151 has a contoured, sprocket-like outer surface having one or more protrusions 152 that correspond to the one or more lobes 162 to be formed.
  • body portion 153 is formed about, adhered to, or otherwise positioned about coupling element 151, the shape of body portion 153 substantially mimics the contour of the outer surface of coupling element 151 (e.g., as defined by the one or more protrusions 152) to correspondingly define lobes 162 at outer contact portion 160.
  • body portion 153 is formed from a layup 157 of elastomer-reinforced fabric (e.g., a plurality of spiral windings of fabric and elastomer layers), which is positioned about coupling element 151 and bonded thereto.
  • elastomer-reinforced fabric e.g., a plurality of spiral windings of fabric and elastomer layers
  • one or more mold elements are sized and/or configured to apply substantially uniform pressure to the outer surface of layup 157 to bend or otherwise form it into a shape that conforms to the contour of coupling element 151.
  • lobes 162 are formed as the elastomer-reinforced fabric is layered over protrusions 152 of coupling element 151.
  • the particular shape and configuration of lobes 162 is influenced by a combination of the shape and/or configuration of coupling element 151 (e.g., the size, shape, and positions of protrusions 152) and the way in which body portion 153 is formed, coupled, and/or molded onto coupling element 151.
  • element 151 and body portion 153 are shaped and configured to be substantially ring-shaped (i.e., similar to coupling element 131 and body portion 133 discussed above), and lobes 162 are build-up independently during the formation of outer contact portion 160.
  • FIGS. 11-12 illustrate engagement of lobed drive roller 150 with a contoured crown track 115.
  • contoured crown track 115 comprises one or more protuberances 116 that are configured to engage with lobes 162 of lobed drive roller 150.
  • the shape and arrangement of protuberances 116 on contoured crown track 115 are designed such that a substantially sinusoidal surface contour is defined.
  • Lobes 162 extending from lobed drive roller 150 are correspondingly shaped and arranged to be substantially enmeshed between adjacent ones of protuberances 116.
  • lobed drive roller 150 in addition to lobed drive roller 150 being able to transfer torque to contoured crown track 115 by pure frictional contact, this coupling is enhanced by the positive engagement of lobes 162 with protuberances 116.
  • rotation of lobed drive roller 150 causes a given one of lobes 162 to impose a force having a compressive component on an associated "upstream" protuberance 116a of contoured crown track 115.
  • lobed drive roller 150 and contoured crown track 115 are operable in a manner substantially similar to a geared connection for the transmission of torque.
  • lobed drive roller 150 helps to minimize wear of outer contact portion 160 compared to conventional friction drive rollers.
  • each of lobes 162 is configured to be at least partially nested between "upstream” protuberance 116a and a "downstream” protuberance 116b
  • the increased stiffness of body portion 153 helps to minimize the "upstream” and "downstream” bulge slip wear.
  • "downstream" protuberance 116b is functional to prevent substantial deformation of the enmeshed one of lobes 162 as a result of its interaction with "upstream” protuberance 116a. (See, e.g., FIG. 12)
  • the friction drive rollers discussed herein are adapted to be used in place of conventional designs as part of a frictional drive system for use in aircraft landing gear systems such as those shown in FIGS. 1-2.
  • fabric-reinforced friction drive roller can be implemented in any of a variety of other applications in which it is desired for such an element to be able to carry high loads, provide high abrasion resistance, and a high coefficient of friction but to give low heat build-up.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un rouleau de friction ayant une ou plusieurs couches de matériau renforcées de tissu, et des procédés. Dans certains aspects, un rouleau d'entraînement comprend un élément de couplage configuré pour être entraîné par une entrée de force de rotation, une partie de corps entourant l'élément de couplage, et une partie de contact externe entourant la partie de corps et configurée pour transférer un couple de l'entrée de force de rotation à un élément entraîné. En particulier, dans certains aspects, la partie de corps comprend une ou plusieurs couches de tissu renforcé par de l'élastomère comprenant au moins une couche de tissu disposée entre au moins deux parmi une pluralité de couches élastomères, l'au moins une couche de tissu et les couches élastomères étant liées ensemble pour former la partie de corps.
PCT/US2016/036423 2015-06-08 2016-06-08 Rouleau de friction ayant une ou plusieurs couches de matériau renforcées de tissu, et procédés WO2016200920A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201562172482P 2015-06-08 2015-06-08
US62/172,482 2015-06-08
US201562222895P 2015-09-24 2015-09-24
US62/222,895 2015-09-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016200920A1 true WO2016200920A1 (fr) 2016-12-15

Family

ID=56203976

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2016/036423 WO2016200920A1 (fr) 2015-06-08 2016-06-08 Rouleau de friction ayant une ou plusieurs couches de matériau renforcées de tissu, et procédés

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2016200920A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160214708A1 (en) * 2015-01-23 2016-07-28 Messier-Bugatti-Dowty Method for rotating an aircraft wheel
CN108226183A (zh) * 2017-12-13 2018-06-29 雷翠香 一种基于图像处理的汽车轮毂缺陷检测装置
CN108688799A (zh) * 2017-03-29 2018-10-23 赛峰起落架系统公司 用于驱动飞行器轮旋转的滚子小齿轮

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4659039A (en) * 1985-07-29 1987-04-21 Valdes Guillermo A Landing gear drive system
US20100147995A1 (en) * 2008-12-16 2010-06-17 Airbus Aircraft undercarriage with motorization and transmission
WO2011062639A2 (fr) * 2009-11-23 2011-05-26 Lord Corporation Palier d'aéronef à ailes rotatives pour mouvements d'aéronef à ailes rotatives
EP2527249A1 (fr) * 2011-05-27 2012-11-28 Airbus Operations S.A.S. Dispositif d'interface débrayable entre un système de motorisation de roue de train d'atterrissage d'avion et une roue
EP2551192A2 (fr) * 2011-07-27 2013-01-30 Honeywell International Inc. Système de roulement au sol d'avion comprenant une chaîne d'entraînement
WO2014023941A1 (fr) * 2012-08-08 2014-02-13 Airbus Operations Limited Systèmes d'entraînement de train d'atterrissage
WO2014160242A1 (fr) * 2013-03-14 2014-10-02 Lord Corporation Supports renforcés par un tissu et procédés

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4659039A (en) * 1985-07-29 1987-04-21 Valdes Guillermo A Landing gear drive system
US20100147995A1 (en) * 2008-12-16 2010-06-17 Airbus Aircraft undercarriage with motorization and transmission
WO2011062639A2 (fr) * 2009-11-23 2011-05-26 Lord Corporation Palier d'aéronef à ailes rotatives pour mouvements d'aéronef à ailes rotatives
EP2527249A1 (fr) * 2011-05-27 2012-11-28 Airbus Operations S.A.S. Dispositif d'interface débrayable entre un système de motorisation de roue de train d'atterrissage d'avion et une roue
EP2551192A2 (fr) * 2011-07-27 2013-01-30 Honeywell International Inc. Système de roulement au sol d'avion comprenant une chaîne d'entraînement
WO2014023941A1 (fr) * 2012-08-08 2014-02-13 Airbus Operations Limited Systèmes d'entraînement de train d'atterrissage
WO2014160242A1 (fr) * 2013-03-14 2014-10-02 Lord Corporation Supports renforcés par un tissu et procédés

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160214708A1 (en) * 2015-01-23 2016-07-28 Messier-Bugatti-Dowty Method for rotating an aircraft wheel
US10618639B2 (en) * 2015-01-23 2020-04-14 Messier-Bugatti-Dowty Method for rotating an aircraft wheel
CN108688799A (zh) * 2017-03-29 2018-10-23 赛峰起落架系统公司 用于驱动飞行器轮旋转的滚子小齿轮
CN108226183A (zh) * 2017-12-13 2018-06-29 雷翠香 一种基于图像处理的汽车轮毂缺陷检测装置

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US10294982B2 (en) Systems, methods, and apparatus for supported shafts
US10280969B2 (en) Hybrid metal-composite drive shaft unit and method of manufacturing same
US4272971A (en) Reinforced tubular structure
EP2470352B1 (fr) Produit comprenant un raccord d'extrémité relié à un corps
EP3203094B1 (fr) Joint d'arbre composite
WO2016200920A1 (fr) Rouleau de friction ayant une ou plusieurs couches de matériau renforcées de tissu, et procédés
US11505002B2 (en) Non-pneumatic wheel comprising a circumferential reinforcement structure
US20210070106A1 (en) Non-pneumatic wheel comprising a circumferential reinforcement structure
JPH0531012B2 (fr)
US20230228299A1 (en) Composite flexible coupling
JP4694622B2 (ja) バンドされた動力伝達ｖベルト
KR20000006487A (ko) 동력전달축
EP3486503A1 (fr) Conceptions et procédés de fabrication de joints pour composants composites sous une charge de flexion dominante
US20150275959A1 (en) Systems, methods, and apparatus for internally supported shafts
WO2001072536A1 (fr) Element de bande a zones multiples pour pneu degonfle
KR100828806B1 (ko) 자동차용 하이브리드 드라이브샤프트의 제조방법
CN108026958A (zh) 用于旋转系统的驱动轴
CN105658986A (zh) 多层的摩擦衬片
WO2016072251A1 (fr) Courroie plate
JPS58145505A (ja) ソリツドタイヤ
JP3608425B2 (ja) 複合ローラの製造法
US9909624B2 (en) Composite driveshaft for a rotary system
CN105715745A (zh) 一种子午帘布结构的农机带
JPS6114757Y2 (fr)
WO2020109766A1 (fr) Fixation d'un raccord d'extrémité à un tube en matériau composite

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 16732094

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 16732094

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1