Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
  • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
  • F03B13/06—Stations or aggregates of water-storage type, e.g. comprising a turbine and a pump
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
  • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
  • F03B3/10—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto characterised by having means for functioning alternatively as pumps or turbines
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
  • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
  • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
  • H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
  • E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
  • E02B9/02—Water-ways
  • E02B9/06—Pressure galleries or pressure conduits; Galleries specially adapted to house pressure conduits; Means specially adapted for use therewith, e.g. housings, valves, gates
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2220/00—Application
  • F05B2220/30—Application in turbines
  • F05B2220/32—Application in turbines in water turbines
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2240/00—Components
  • F05B2240/40—Use of a multiplicity of similar components
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2240/00—Components
  • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
  • F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2260/00—Function
  • F05B2260/42—Storage of energy
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for converting energy of electrical origin and energy storage in the form of compressed air by using a liquid medium, in particular the aquatic medium.
• the present invention also relates to a conversion process between the forms of electrical energy and respectively aeraulic.
• Such a device makes it possible to easily and efficiently convert electrical energy into storage a Vogellic energy and vice versa to be distributed on the network.
• the invention is particularly applicable to the field of conversion of electrical energy and storage thereof once converted into a form capable of durable accumulation, in this case the form of compressed air.
• the trapped air is compressed to a predetermined pressure by pumping liquid into the conversion chamber, the liquid forming a liquid compression piston.
• the compressed air is then transferred to the compressed air storage tank. Then the liquid is replaced by low pressure air in the conversion chamber is a new conversion cycle can begin.
• the energy stored as compressed air is reconverted into electricity.
• the compressed air of the storage tank is transferred into the conversion chamber initially filled with liquid.
• the compressed air expands in the conversion chamber and delivers the liquid through a dynamohydraulic machine, such as a turbine, coupled to an electric generator supplying the network.
• the problem is complicated by the necessity that the conversion of electrical energy in another form or conversely is accomplished from an electrical point of view with power as little fluctuating as possible in order to facilitate the absorption or the restitution of the energy. on the network.
• the object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of at least one of the aforementioned problems with a new device for converting electrical energy into pneumatic energy and vice versa.
• An object of the invention is to provide a device with a good cost-effectiveness.
• the invention also aims to limit energy losses.
• the device for converting electrical energy into a somehowlic energy and vice versa and for storing it in the form of compressed air
• the device comprising:
• At least one conversion chamber capable, on the one hand, of containing liquid pumped by the dynamo-hydraulic machines operating in pumps or of receiving liquid intended to feed the dynamo-hydraulic machines operating in expansion machines, and on the other hand to contain air, so that the liquid present in the chamber forms a liquid piston for compressing or relaxing the air,
• each dynamo-hydraulic machine is designed to operate in a respective pressure range at its high-pressure orifice in order to carry out pumping or staged hydraulic expansion in each conversion chamber successively with a plurality of said dynamo-hydraulic machines up to or respectively from the desired storage pressure, the pressure range being narrower than the gap between the low pressure and the pressure storage, and in that distribution means are provided for connecting each conversion chamber successively with at least two dynamohydraulic machines designed to operate in different pressure ranges.
• At least one dynamo-hydraulic machine is provided to operate in a narrow pressure range substantially corresponding to the pressure of the storage tank. Since part of the pumping and part of the hydraulic expansion is done at substantially stabilized pressure during transfers between the tank and the conversion chamber, it is advantageous for at least one dynamohydraulic machine to be calibrated for this pressure.
• the dynamo-hydraulic machines are mounted hydraulically in parallel with each other between a source of low pressure liquid and the at least one conversion chamber.
• the storage tank is preferably underwater and open at the bottom to receive water from the aquatic environment enclosing a pocket of air at a pressure defined by the depth of immersion of the tank.
• a reservoir can be made in a simple and reliable way that can have a very large capacity subjected to a stable pressure which can be without moving parts or deformable walls. This is the level of water in the tank that serves as a deformable wall adjusting according to the amount of compressed air stored.
• the device comprises at least two conversion chambers in order to permanently maintain the energy flow in the dynamo-hydraulic machines.
• a conversion chamber is in the resetting phase (draining water for a new compression cycle or filling the water for a new expansion cycle), the other can continue to be energetically active.
• the cycles of variation of liquid level in the conversion chambers are out of phase between conversion chambers, each dynamo-hydraulic machine being successively connected to several conversion chambers being staggered in time in the pressure range corresponding to this dynamo-hydraulic machine. It can thus be ensured that the dynamo-hydraulic machines operate almost permanently or permanently in succession with the different conversion chambers.
• a pause is provided at the moment when the at least one conversion chamber passes from one dynamo-hydraulic machine to another.
• Hydraulic readjustment means in particular low pressure pumps, may be provided for readjusting the liquid level to its initial state in order to carry out pumping or turbining in the at least one conversion chamber.
• the device comprises more conversion chambers than dynamo-hydraulic machines.
• the conversion chambers which are not connected to any dynamohydraulic machine may be in the resetting phase, or in the pause phase between two stages of compression or expansion.
• the dynamo-hydraulic machines are of the pump-turbine type adapted to operate in pump or vice versa turbine. They are even more preferably of the Kaplan or Dériaz type.
• the dynamo-electric machines are reversible generating engines, operating in motors for the storage of aeraulic energy in the tank and in a generator for the production of electricity during aerodynamic destocking.
• the bidirectional communication means are closed except during a final phase of the compression and during an initial phase of the expansion.
• a liquid piston liquid is pumped into a conversion chamber in which a quantity of air is trapped until this air reaches a pressure of a compressed air storage tank and then the compressed air is transferred from the conversion chamber to the storage tank, and / or
• a liquid is impinged by admitting compressed air into a conversion chamber containing a quantity of liquid so that the liquid is discharged through a turbine,
• the pumping or turbining of the liquid is carried out successively at least two pumping stages or turbination respectively provided to take place in different pressure ranges.
• the compressed air inlet coming from the storage tank is closed, and the pressure is reduced.
• the compressed air present in the conversion chamber while the remaining liquid is discharged to be turbined. It is thus possible to relax as completely as desired each elementary quantity of compressed air admitted into the conversion chamber at each cycle, and this with excellent energy efficiency thanks to the stepped expansion according to the invention.
• the liquid is pumped by dynamo-hydraulic machines driven by at least one electric motor operating with electrical energy from an electrical network,
• the turbine is powered by dynamo-hydraulic machines that drive an electric generator to produce electrical energy restored to the network.
• the compression of the air and / or the expansion of the air in the at least one conversion chamber is quasi-isothermal.
• thermal conductors are placed vertically in the conversion chambers to transfer the calories generated in the air by compression to the water, and to transfer calories taken from the water to the air. of relaxation.
• These conductors may be a bundle of vertical tubes open at both ends and extending over substantially the entire height of the conversion chamber.
• the device may include super-capacitors to regulate the power that the device exchanges with the network.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the device for converting electrical energy into aeraulic energy
• FIG. 2 is a connection diagram of the different elements of the energy conversion device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the device in the case of a conversion of electrical energy into a somehowlic energy
• FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the device in the case of a conversion of aeraulic energy into electrical energy
• FIG. 5 is a table showing the temporal organization of the connection of the conversion chambers to dynamo-hydraulic machines and readjustment means, according to a preferred embodiment
• FIG. 6 is a table showing the temporal organization of the connection of the conversion chambers to the dynamo-hydraulic machines and the readjustment means, according to a second preferred embodiment.
• FIG. 7 is a timing diagram of the hydraulic powers corresponding to the table of FIG. 6.
• variants of the invention comprising only a selection of characteristics described below, isolated from the other characteristics described (even if this selection is isolated within a sentence including these other characteristics), if this selection of characteristics is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the art.
• This selection comprises at least one preferably functional characteristic without structural details, and / or with only a part of the structural details if this part alone is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the art. earlier.
• One of the preferred embodiments is a device for converting and storing electrical energy at sea. Its purpose is to absorb the electrical surpluses to convert and store them in the form of aeraulic energy, then when the network becomes applicant reconvert the aeraulic energy into electrical energy to restore it to the network. Between these two active phases, energy is stored as compressed air in at least one underwater storage tank, typically submarine, at a storage pressure.
• the underwater storage tank 20 is open in the lower part to communicate with the aquatic environment and to enclose in the upper part, above the level of water in the reservoir. , a pocket of compressed air at a desired pressure defined by the depth of immersion of the tank.
• the reservoir consists of several contiguous and integral cells.
• the tank is placed on the bottom of the body of water, typically the seabed.
• a typical immersion depth is between 70 and 200 m, preferably of the order of 100 m.
• the energy conversion device is placed on a floating platform 10.
• the floating platform groups electromechanical, hydromechanical and hydropneumatic conversion systems as well as the associated electrical and electronic systems to enable the conversion of energy.
• electrical energy pneumatic also called a Vogellic
• a synoptic of the principal of these equipments is represented in figure 2.
• the platform is connected to the electrical network by High-voltage underwater electrical cable 18. Maintaining the position of the above-ground platform above the compressed air storage tanks 20 is achieved by means of a set of permanent anchor lines 19 .
• the energy conversion device comprises dynamoelectric machines MG1, MG2, MG3 intended to operate as a motor absorbing the electrical energy to be converted from the network installation and transforming it into mechanical energy and / or to operate as a generator using the mechanical energy produced from the aeraulic energy stored in the reservoir 20 for converting this mechanical energy stored electrical energy to restore the network.
• the dynamo-electric machines MG1, MG2, MG3 are reversible generating engines.
• the diagram of Figure 2 is broken down into two parts: a framed portion of fine dotted lines which corresponds to a purely hydraulic part and a framed part of broken lines which corresponds to a purely aeraulic part.
• the device comprises dynamohydraulic machines PT1, PT2 and PT3 for respectively pumping or turbining water.
• the dynamohydraulic machines PT1, PT2 and PT3 are reversible machines capable of operating either as pumps, in particular turbopumps, or as expansion machines, in particular turbines. But the invention is applicable by using specific machines for pumping and for relaxing, respectively.
• each dynamo-hydraulic machine PT1, PT2, PT3 is coupled to the shaft of a respective dynamo-electric machine MG1, MG2, MG3, as represented by the references 21.
• the dynamo-hydraulic machines operating in pumping convert the mechanical energy from dynamo-electric machines operating in motor, hydraulic energy by pumping a liquid drawn from a source such as the water of the surrounding aquatic environment and repressing the liquid to an increased pressure by pumping in a discharge port.
• hydraulics operating in a hydraulic expansion machine allow to convert the hydraulic energy into mechanical energy supplied to the shaft of the dynamo-electric machine operating as a generator, by the turbining of the liquid arriving under a certain pressure at high pressure port 16 and leaving the dynamo-hydraulic machine through its low pressure port 14 to return to the tank, particularly the surrounding aquatic environment.
• the dynamo-hydraulic machines can be pump-turbines of the Kaplan or Dériaz type. These pump-turbines make it possible to vary their flow rate at a constant speed, which makes it possible in particular to tend towards a uniformization of the power despite the variation of the pressure during compression of the air, and thus to limit the variation of electric power seen by the electric machines.
• the device comprises conversion chambers CH 1, CH 2, CH 3, CH 4, CH 5, CH 6 each having a lower orifice adapted to be connected to the high pressure port 16 of the dynamo-hydraulic machines PT1, PT2, PT3 by a valve system. 17, an upper orifice adapted to be connected by a valve 11 to the bi-directional communication conduit 13 with the reservoir 20, and an upper orifice adapted to be connected to the open air by a valve 12 and a filling pipe- Drainage 22.
• each conversion chamber contains air at the top and working liquid, typically water from the aquatic environment, at the bottom. The water present in the chamber at the bottom part forms a liquid piston for compressing or relaxing the air.
• the conversion chamber makes it possible to convert hydraulic energy into pneumatic energy and vice versa.
• the device comprises more conversion chambers than PT1, PT2, PT3 dynamohydraulic machines capable of operating as a pump and more conversion chambers than PT1, PT2, PT3 dynamo-hydraulic machines capable of operating in hydraulic machines. hydraulic relaxation.
• This feature helps maintain in operation all the dynamo-hydraulic machines operating according to the case in pumps or turbines even during the filling or emptying of at least one conversion chamber.
• the device further comprises hydraulic readjustment means PI, P2, P3 to readjust the liquid level to its initial state to perform the pumping or turbining in the conversion chambers. They take the liquid at the same source as the dynamo-hydraulic machines PT1, PT2, PT3, in the example the surrounding aquatic environment, and return the liquid to said source.
• the readjustment means are pumps (PI, P2 and P3) which operate at a low pressure difference, just sufficient to balance the pressure drops and the possible hydrostatic pressure differential resulting from the height of water in the pumps. conversion chambers relative to the source level.
• the readjustment means are bidirectional pumps also capable of emptying or accelerating the emptying of the conversion chambers when they must be filled with air prior to a compression cycle.
• the distribution means 17 are designed to also selectively connect each conversion chamber CH 1 - CH 6 with a readjustment pump PI, P2 or P3.
• the dynamo-hydraulic means for pumping and hydraulic expansion comprise machines PT1, PT2, PT3 which differ from each other by their respective pressure range measured in operation at their high pressure port 16, and which also differ. by their maximum flow.
• a PT1 machine for the start of the pressure rise during pumping and the end of the pressure drop during the turbining, operating in a moderate pressure range and a high flow rate range;
• a PT2 machine for the end of the pressure rise during pumping and the beginning of the pressure drop during the turbining, operating in a high pressure range and a moderate flow range;
• a machine PT3 for the delivery of the compressed air into the tank 20 at the end of the storage cycle and the admission of the compressed air into the conversion chamber at the beginning of the destocking cycle, operating in a pressure range close close to the pressure of the reservoir 20 and a corresponding narrow flow range.
• FIG. 3 comprises three windows 3a, 3b, 3c respectively presenting the characteristic steps. of the storage phase for a conversion chamber.
• the windows 3a and 3b correspond to the productive steps and the window 3c corresponds to a non-productive step, which could be called a resetting step.
• the CH 1 conversion chamber is full of air at atmospheric pressure, the water is at a minimum level.
• the two-way communication and venting valves 12 are closed so that the upper part of the conversion chamber, occupied by the air, is hermetically closed.
• the electrical energy to be stored supplies the dynamo-electric machine MG1 coupled to the dynamo-hydraulic machine PT1 which pumps the water into the conversion chamber CH1 under moderate pressure.
• the distribution means 17 interrupt the connection of the conversion chamber CH 1 with the dynamo-hydraulic machine PT1 and establish the connection of the conversion chamber with the high pressure port 16 of the dynamohydraulic machine PT2 coupled to the dynamo-electric machine MG2.
• the electrical energy to be stored supplies the MG2 dynamo-electric machine coupled to the PT2 dynamo-hydraulic machine which pumps the water into the CH 1 conversion chamber under increased pressure.
• the distribution means 17 interrupt the connection of the conversion chamber CH l with the dynamo-hydraulic machine PT2 and establish the connection of the conversion chamber with the high pressure port 16 of the dynamo-hydraulic machine PT3 coupled to the dynamo-electric machine MG3.
• the valve 11 opens window 3b of Figure 3).
• the electrical energy to be stored supplies the dynamo-electric machine MG3 coupled to the dynamo-hydraulic machine PT3 which pumps the water into the conversion chamber CH l under the pressure of the storage tank 20 until substantially all of the compressed air present in the CH1 conversion chamber has been pumped into the tank 20.
• the liquid typically the water of the aquatic medium
• the water is pumped to form a liquid piston in the conversion chamber in which a quantity of air is trapped.
• the water / air interface moves from bottom to top of the conversion chamber forming a piston compressing the air trapped in the conversion chamber until the air reaches the pressure in the storage tank.
• the liquid piston has the advantage of limiting the energy losses due to friction compared to a conventional rigid piston compressor.
• the use of the liquid piston makes it possible to limit heat losses, that is to say to limit heating due to compression, which is therefore virtually insulated.
• the conversion chambers preferably contain thermal conductors which thermally connect the air and the liquid in the conversion chambers.
• thermal conductors are for example a bundle of vertical metal tubes, open at both ends, extending over substantially the entire height of each chamber. These conductors release the compression heat of the air in the compression cycle into the water, which reduces the work required for compression, and warms the air with heat from the water in the expansion cycle. which increases the work provided by the relaxation of the air.
• the dynamo-hydraulic machine PT1 operates in the low pressure range ( atmospheric pressure up to 0.3 or 0.4 MPa), the dynamo-hydraulic machine PT2 operates in the intermediate pressure range (from 0.3 to 0.4 MPa up to 1.1 MPa) and the dynamo machine - PT3 hydraulic works in a narrow range around 1.1 MPa.
• a non-productive time makes it possible to empty the water contained in the conversion chamber CH 1 in order to be able to restart a storage cycle in this chamber.
• the bidirectional communication valve 11 is then closed and the vent valve 12 is open.
• the hydraulic readjusting means are actuated to empty the conversion chamber until it empties almost all of its water. In this way, the conversion device carries out several pumping cycles, each cycle passing through the successive pressure ranges. The duration of a cycle is scheduled between 30 seconds and 5 minutes. Destocking phase
• Figure 4 comprises three windows 4a, 4b, 4c respectively showing the characteristic steps of the destocking phase for a CH l conversion chamber.
• the windows 4a and 4b correspond to the productive steps and the window 4c corresponds to a non-productive or reset stage.
• the conversion chamber is full of water.
• the venting means 12 are closed.
• the bidirectional communication valve 11 is opened so that the compressed air present in the storage tank 20 is partly transferred to the conversion chamber CH 1 and discharges a part of the water contained in the chamber of conversion through the PT3 dynamo-hydraulic high-pressure machine operating in a turbine driving the MG3 dynamo-electric machine operating as a generator.
• the bidirectional communication valve 11 When the quantity of air present in the conversion chamber CH 1 is such that this air is capable of occupying the entire volume of the conversion chamber if it is depressurized at atmospheric pressure, the bidirectional communication valve 11 is closed. (window 4b of Figure 4).
• the distribution means 17 interrupt the connection of the conversion chamber CH 1 with the dynamo-hydraulic machine PT3 and establish the connection of the conversion chamber with the dynamo-hydraulic machine PT2.
• the air relaxes in a quasi-isothermal way while continuing to repress the water but now through the dynamo-hydraulic machine PT2, dedicated to the medium pressures, then after a new tilting operated by the distribution means 17, through the machine dynamo-hydraulic PT1 dedicated to moderate pressures.
• the conversion device carries out several turbining cycles, each cycle passing through the successive pressure ranges.
• the duration of a cycle is scheduled between 30 seconds and 5 minutes.
• each conversion chamber located in the pumping phase. or corresponding turbines.
• the table of FIG. 5 represents an example of the temporal organization of the connection of the dynamo-hydraulic machines with the conversion chambers on a cycle, in the example of three pumps and / or turbines and six conversion chambers.
• Each conversion chamber (CH 1, CH 2, CH 3, CH 4, CH 5, CH 6) is successively connected to the three dynamo-hydraulic machines PT1, PT2, PT3 (in the example of pumping) before being connected to one of the means of readjustment PI, P2 or P3.
• a complete cycle (twice the duration of a compression or a relaxation for a chamber) is represented in which each column represents a duration of 1/6 of the cycle.
• each pump and / or turbine performs its work synchronously on the chambers. Their switching from one room to another is also performed at the same time. This organization helps to limit the variations of electrical power exchanged between the conversion device and the distribution network. In addition, this makes it possible to limit thermal energy losses.
• the table in FIG. 6 shows an example of phase shift of 1/18 of the duration of a cycle between each pump and / or turbine.
• the substantially continuous operation of the pumps and / or turbines is maintained, but there is now a pause for each chamber and for each passage of a pump and / or turbine to another in each conversion chamber. Having kept the same number of conversion chambers, the time available for returning the chamber to its initial state (by PI, P2 or P3) is reduced by the duration of the breaks made.
• FIG. 7 an example of a timing diagram of the hydraulic powers envisaged in compression for a device with three pumps and the last of which works solely at pressure and at constant power is presented.
• a phase shift of 1/12 of cycle is present between the pump 1 and the pumps 2 and 3.
• the pumps 1 and 2 make it possible to reach the storage pressure and the pump 3 allows the delivery of compressed air to the tank.
• the phase shift of the pump commutations makes it possible to limit the fluctuations of the total hydraulic power resulting and thus makes it possible to limit the fluctuations of total electrical power.
• Examples of embodiments have been presented with three PTL, PT2 and PT3 dynamo-hydraulic machines that can be three pumps and three separate turbines or that can be three pump-turbines.
• the device may comprise a number of pumps and / or turbines other than three. According to other embodiments, the pumps and the expansion machines are provided in different numbers.
• One or more additional systems for example electrical capacitors, may be added in order to smooth the electrical power consumed (or provided for destocking).
• the number of conversion chambers may be different from that indicated in the example. However, it is desirable to have at least one more than the number of pumps or turbines.
• the number of rooms is not necessarily a multiple of the number of pumps and / or turbines.
• the bidirectional communication means may comprise separate paths for the air going to the storage tank 20 and coming from the storage tank 20, possibly with each its valve in place of the common valve 11.

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• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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• Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

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• 2015
  • 2015-06-01 FR FR1554931A patent/FR3036887B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2016
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  • 2016-06-01 ES ES16729814T patent/ES2733625T3/es active Active
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  • 2016-06-01 JP JP2018515349A patent/JP6827038B2/ja active Active
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