WO2016188333A1 - 一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置及其插头和插座 - Google Patents

一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置及其插头和插座 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016188333A1
WO2016188333A1 PCT/CN2016/082028 CN2016082028W WO2016188333A1 WO 2016188333 A1 WO2016188333 A1 WO 2016188333A1 CN 2016082028 W CN2016082028 W CN 2016082028W WO 2016188333 A1 WO2016188333 A1 WO 2016188333A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plug
socket
self
locking
electrode
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/082028
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱招勇
Original Assignee
朱招勇
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 朱招勇 filed Critical 朱招勇
Priority to US15/575,506 priority Critical patent/US10186818B2/en
Publication of WO2016188333A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016188333A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/86—Parallel contacts arranged about a common axis
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/639—Additional means for holding or locking coupling parts together, after engagement, e.g. separate keylock, retainer strap
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/44—Means for preventing access to live contacts
    • H01R13/447—Shutter or cover plate
    • H01R13/453—Shutter or cover plate opened by engagement of counterpart
    • H01R13/4538—Covers sliding or withdrawing in the direction of engagement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/40—Securing contact members in or to a base or case; Insulating of contact members
    • H01R13/405—Securing in non-demountable manner, e.g. moulding, riveting
    • H01R13/41—Securing in non-demountable manner, e.g. moulding, riveting by frictional grip in grommet, panel or base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/627—Snap or like fastening
    • H01R13/6276—Snap or like fastening comprising one or more balls engaging in a hole or a groove
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H01R13/629—Additional means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts, e.g. aligning or guiding means, levers, gas pressure electrical locking indicators, manufacturing tolerances
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/64—Means for preventing incorrect coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R2103/00—Two poles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/76—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure with sockets, clips or analogous contacts and secured to apparatus or structure, e.g. to a wall

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical connection device and a plug and socket thereof, and more particularly to a direct insertion self-locking explosion-proof electrical connection device and a plug and socket thereof.
  • Conventional electrical connection devices generally use a direct plug-in type, such as a common two-hole, three-hole plug and socket. When the plug is inserted into the socket, it is energized, and when the plug is pulled out of the socket, the power is cut off.
  • the conventional electrical connection method is very convenient to use, the electrical connection completely relies on the rebound contact and the electrical conductivity of the metal contacts, and the metal contacts must have the functions of conduction and clamping at the same time. In actual use, often The phenomenon of loose or virtual connection occurs, and the reliability of the electrical connection is poor.
  • the electrical connection method is prone to sparking during plugging and unplugging, and may even cause a power accident.
  • the traditional plug metal contacts are exposed for a long time, which not only wastes materials, but also causes safety hazards such as electric shock, and in the transportation, long metal contacts are also easy to bend and affect normal use.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the cumbersome operation of the conventional in-line lockable electrical connection mode and the poor stability of the electrical connection, and provide a direct insertion self-locking explosion-proof electrical connection device, and a plug and a socket thereof, using the technology of the present invention
  • the solution utilizes a simple structure of the socket self-locking portion and the plug self-locking portion to cooperate, and the inserted plug is locked, and the metal contacts having mutually parallel inclined surfaces are used to realize an instantaneous and stable electrical connection contact, thereby avoiding the generation of the electric spark.
  • the electrode has the largest contact surface, the electric heat dissipation is reduced, and the upper limit value of the passing current is increased; when the plug is pulled out, the force of the self-locking structure can be directly overcome, and the plug can be easily and quickly powered off.
  • the metal contacts are also completely separated in an instant, and there is no spark, which really acts as an explosion-proof, safe and reliable.
  • the in-line self-locking explosion-proof electrical connecting device of the present invention comprises a plug and a socket adapted to the plug, wherein
  • the plug has a plug pin, and the plug pin is provided with two or more plug power electrodes and a plug ground electrode, and the plug pin has one or More than one plug self-locking portion, the plug self-locking portion is a circular hole or a groove or a bump having a curved structure, and a guiding positioning hole is further disposed in the insertion direction of the plugging bolt;
  • the socket has a socket corresponding to the plug connector, and the hole wall of the jack is provided with two or more corresponding to the plug power electrode and the plug ground electrode respectively.
  • a socket power electrode and a socket ground electrode wherein the hole wall of the socket is further provided with a socket self-locking portion corresponding to the plug self-locking portion, and each of the socket self-locking portions has a retractable portion
  • a latching member having a convex or concave curved structure or a circular hole, the latching member is matched with the plug self-locking portion, and the jack is further provided with a guiding and positioning corresponding to the guiding and positioning hole column;
  • the plug is directly inserted into the socket of the socket through the plug bolt, and is locked by the self-locking portion of the socket in the socket and the plug self-locking portion of the plug, and the plug power electrode and the plug ground electrode of the plug respectively correspond to the plug
  • the socket is fully contacted with the socket power electrode and the socket ground electrode in the socket; and the plug is pulled out against the locking force of the socket self-locking portion by an external force opposite to the insertion direction.
  • the plug pin is divided into a first plug post and a second plug post having a large outer dimension from the insertion direction, and the plug ground electrode is disposed on the side of the first plug post.
  • the plug power electrode is disposed on a side of the second plug post, and the plug self-locking portion is disposed on a side of the first plug post.
  • the curved structure of the plug self-locking portion and the latching member is a hemispherical shape having the same radius.
  • the plugs are oppositely disposed from the lock portion.
  • the contact faces of the plug power electrodes on the plug pins are all inclined structures; the contact faces of the socket power electrodes in the jacks are also inclined structures, and the slopes on the plug power electrodes are The slopes on the corresponding socket power electrodes are parallel.
  • the contact surface of the plug ground electrode on the plug pin is a bevel structure
  • the contact surface of the socket ground electrode in the jack is also a bevel structure
  • the bevel on the ground electrode of the plug is grounded to the socket
  • the slopes on the electrodes are parallel.
  • the socket has a casing and a socket base, the casing is disposed on the socket base, and the socket base is provided with two power electrode mounting positions, two socket self-locking mounting positions, a grounding electrode mounting position and a wiring position, wherein two power electrode mounting positions are oppositely disposed, and two socket self-locking mounting positions are also oppositely disposed; or, the socket base body is provided with three power electrode mounting positions, and two The socket self-locking mounting position, a grounding electrode mounting position and a wiring position, wherein two of the three power electrode mounting positions are oppositely disposed, and the other power electrode mounting position is disposed at the two opposite power electrode mounting positions In the vertical direction, the two socket self-locking mounting positions are oppositely arranged; the socket power electrode, the socket self-locking portion and the socket grounding electrode are respectively mounted on the power electrode mounting position, the socket self-locking mounting position and the ground electrode mounting Within the bit.
  • the socket further includes a floating support cover, and the floating support cover is disposed on the guiding positioning post, and a support spring is disposed under the floating support cover, and the floating support cover is restricted by the outer casing at the insertion hole, and can be The plug is inserted and removed on the guiding positioning post.
  • the periphery of the insertion hole is provided with a rib for firmly mating with the plug bolt.
  • the socket self-locking portion comprises a fixing seat, a taper sleeve, a latching member, a self-locking spring and a plug-in board
  • the fixing seat is mounted on the socket base body
  • the taper sleeve is embedded in the mounting seat.
  • the latching member is disposed in the taper sleeve, and the front side of the latching member is limited by the front taper angle of the taper sleeve, and the rear is pressed by the self-locking spring, and the rear end of the self-locking spring is abutted in the inserting seat.
  • the fixing seat is mounted on the socket base body
  • the taper sleeve is embedded in the mounting seat.
  • the latching member is disposed in the taper sleeve, and the front side of the latching member is limited by the front taper angle of the taper sleeve, and the rear is pressed by the self-locking spring, and the rear end of the self-locking spring
  • the fixing base is further provided with a positioning slot, and the positioning slot is matched with the positioning post provided on the socket base body.
  • the socket power electrode comprises an electrode mount, a power electrode contact and a power electrode push-up spring, wherein the electrode mount is mounted in a guide groove provided on the socket base body, and passes through the electrode mount two
  • the side-provided stop is matched with the travel limit groove provided on both sides of the guide slot, and the power electrode contact is inserted into the positioning boss provided at the front end of the electrode mount through the card slot provided at the side thereof, and The upper end of the positioning boss is provided with an anti-backing hook for preventing the power electrode electrode from being withdrawn.
  • the rear end of the electrode mounting seat is provided with a spring fixing post, and the power electrode pushing spring is set on the spring fixing column. .
  • the socket ground electrode comprises a contact positioning post, a ground electrode contact and a ground electrode push-up spring
  • the rear portion of the contact positioning post is inserted into the socket base through a fixing block
  • the ground electrode contact is a block structure having a slope
  • a rear end of the ground electrode contact is provided with a mounting hole.
  • the mounting hole is mounted on the contact positioning post
  • the grounding electrode pushing spring is sleeved on the contact positioning post, and is located between the fixing block of the contact positioning post and the ground electrode contact
  • the side of the ground electrode contact is also provided with a stop for limiting.
  • a plug of the present invention includes a plug pin, and the plug pin is provided with two or more plug power electrodes and a plug ground electrode, and the side wall of the plug pin is further provided.
  • There is one or more plug self-locking portions and the plug self-locking portion is a circular hole or a groove or a convex portion having a curved structure, and the plug self-locking portion cooperates with the locking member provided on the socket, and the plug is inserted
  • a guide positioning hole is also provided in the insertion direction.
  • the plug pin is divided into a first plug post and a second plug post having a large outer dimension from the insertion direction, and the plug ground electrode is disposed on the side of the first plug post.
  • the plug power electrode is disposed on a side of the second plug post, and the plug self-locking portion is disposed on a side of the first plug post.
  • the curved structure of the plug self-locking portion is hemispherical, and the plug self-locking portion is oppositely disposed on the first plug post.
  • the contact surface of the plug power supply electrode on the plug pin is a bevel structure, and the slope on the plug power electrode is parallel to the inclined surface on the corresponding power electrode on the socket; the plug is on the plug
  • the contact surface of the plug ground electrode is also a bevel structure, and the slope on the ground electrode of the plug is parallel to the slope on the corresponding ground electrode on the socket.
  • the plug bolt is further provided with a protective cover for dustproof and waterproof.
  • a socket of the present invention includes a jack, and two or more socket power electrodes and a socket ground electrode are disposed on a hole wall of the jack, and the hole wall of the jack is further provided There is one or more socket self-locking portions, and the socket self-locking portion is used for self-locking with the plug self-locking portion on the plug, and each of the socket self-locking portions has a retractable and convex shape Or a concave curved structure or a circular hole locking member, the locking member is matched with the plug self-locking portion provided on the plug, and the insertion hole is further provided with a guiding positioning post.
  • the socket self-locking portion is oppositely disposed on the hole wall of the jack, and the curved structure of the latching member is hemispherical.
  • the contact surface of the socket power electrode in the jack is a bevel structure, and the slope on the power electrode of the socket is parallel to the slope on the corresponding power electrode on the plug; the socket in the jack
  • the contact surface of the ground electrode is also a bevel structure, and the slope on the ground electrode of the socket is parallel to the slope on the corresponding ground electrode on the plug.
  • the housing has a housing and a socket base, the housing is disposed on the socket base, the socket is disposed in a middle portion of the housing, and the edge of the socket is provided with a notch; a power electrode mounting position, two socket self-locking mounting positions, a grounding electrode mounting position and a wiring position, wherein two power electrode mounting positions are oppositely disposed, and the two socket self-locking mounting positions are oppositely disposed; or
  • the socket base has three power electrode mounting positions inside, and two a socket self-locking mounting position, a grounding electrode mounting position and a wiring position, wherein two of the three power electrode mounting positions are oppositely disposed, and the other power electrode mounting position is disposed at the two opposite power electrode mounting positions In the vertical direction of the line, the two socket self-locking portions are oppositely disposed; the socket power electrode, the socket self-locking portion and the socket grounding electrode are respectively mounted on the power electrode mounting position, the socket self-locking mounting position and the ground electrode.
  • the socket self-locking In the
  • a floating support cover is further disposed on the guide positioning post, and a support spring is disposed under the floating support cover, and the floating support cover is restricted by the outer casing at the insertion hole, and can be inserted along with the plug Pull on the guide positioning column to move.
  • the periphery of the insertion hole is provided with a rib for firmly mating with the plug bolt.
  • An in-line self-locking explosion-proof electrical connection device comprising a plug having a plug self-locking portion, a guiding positioning hole, and a socket having a socket self-locking portion and a guiding positioning post, the plug and the plug
  • the electrode contacts of the socket have parallel slopes, and the plug is directly inserted into the socket of the socket through the plug bolt, and the self-locking portion of the socket in the socket is locked with the plug self-locking portion of the plug, and the plug is inserted and inserted.
  • the locking force of the self-locking portion of the socket is pulled out to remove the power, and the self-locking portion of the socket with the simple structure is matched with the self-locking portion of the plug to lock the plug inserted into the socket and combined with the parallel slopes.
  • the metal contacts realize the instantaneous and stable electrical connection contact, avoiding the generation of electric spark, and ensuring that the electrode has the largest contact surface, reducing the electric heat release and increasing the upper limit of the passing current; when the plug is pulled out, the direct Overcoming the force of the self-locking structure, the plug can be easily and quickly powered off, and the metal contacts are completely separated in the same instant, and no spark is generated, which truly plays the role of explosion-proof.
  • the guide positioning column and the guide positioning hole are precisely matched, so that the plug and the socket are positioned accurately, not easy to shake, and the metal contact is fully contacted; at the same time, the plug only has a certain size opposite to the insertion direction. Under the force, it can be pulled out to achieve rapid power-off.
  • the plug In the stable locking and fitting system consisting of self-locking device, guiding positioning column, jack guiding rib and electrode parallel inclined surface, the plug will not be used when external force is applied in other directions.
  • the electrode contacts of the plug and the socket are not limited by the structure with respect to the rotary socket, and can be made larger, so that the contact area of the electrode is larger, so the power can be larger;
  • the utility model has the advantages of convenient use and quick power-off; in addition, when the plug is inserted, the plug naturally moves into the socket under the action of the plug self-locking portion and the curved structure of the socket self-locking portion, and the contact with the inclined surface is ensured in an instant. Fully accessible;
  • the socket has a casing and a socket base, and two or three power electrode mounting positions are provided inside the socket base, and two socket self-locking mounting positions are provided.
  • a grounding electrode mounting position and a wiring position, the socket power electrode, the socket self-locking portion and the socket grounding electrode are respectively installed in the power electrode mounting position, the socket self-locking mounting position and the grounding electrode mounting position, and the structure design is reasonable, and the plug is on the plug.
  • the forces received are balanced with each other, and combined with the precise cooperation of the guiding positioning post and the guiding positioning hole, the position of the plug in the socket is relatively fixed, and the electrical connection is not unstable due to looseness;
  • the socket further comprising a floating support cover, the floating support cover is set on the guiding positioning post, and a support spring is arranged below the floating support cover Restricted to the jack, and can be moved on the guiding positioning post as the plug is inserted and removed; the floating supporting cover not only can prevent dust from entering the socket and affect the performance of the socket, but also has the function of preventing electric shock; more importantly, The floating support cover can always bear against the plug.
  • the plug can be reset to ensure that the maximum contact surface is energized.
  • the plug can be ejected to remind the user to reinsert the plug;
  • the socket self-locking portion comprises a fixing seat, a taper sleeve, a latching member and a self-locking spring
  • the fixing seat is mounted on the socket base body, and the taper sleeve is embedded and fixed
  • the latching member is disposed in the taper sleeve
  • the front side of the locking member is limited by the front end taper angle of the taper sleeve, and the rear side is pressed by the self-locking spring, and the rear end of the self-locking spring abuts against the socket base body
  • the socket self-locking portion has a simple structure and a clever design, and the taper sleeve can be
  • the restriction card is ejected and can be used for mounting the spring, and is convenient for processing and manufacturing
  • the fixing seat is further provided with a positioning groove, and the positioning groove is matched with the positioning column disposed on
  • a direct insertion self-locking explosion-proof electrical connection device of the present invention wherein the socket power electrode and the socket ground electrode are realized by two different structures, and the power electrode contacts in the socket power electrode are directly inserted into the card slot through the card slot.
  • the angle of the bevel of the power electrode contact can be ensured in one installation to ensure that the corresponding bevel is completely parallel;
  • the grounding electrode contact of the grounding electrode of the socket is placed on the contact positioning post to ensure that the grounding electrode contact can only be
  • the axial movement of the contact positioning post is stable and the installation is stable;
  • the power electrode push-up spring and the ground electrode push-up spring can prevent the contact error of the metal contact and the electrode wear caused by prolonged use under the condition of ensuring the contact of the corresponding electrode. Timely compensation, so that the corresponding contacts can always be fully fitted, extending the service life;
  • a direct insertion self-locking explosion-proof electrical connection device wherein the plug connector is further provided with a protective cover for dustproof and waterproof, and the protective cover just inserts the socket after the plug is inserted into the socket Cover to prevent water or dust from entering the socket and affecting the electrical connection performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an in-line self-locking explosion-proof electrical connection device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a plug of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a partial structural schematic view of a plug of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a socket of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a socket of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a socket base in the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are schematic structural views of a socket self-locking portion according to the present invention (spring not shown);
  • FIG 9 is a schematic structural view of a socket power electrode of the present invention (spring not shown).
  • FIG 10 is a schematic structural view of a socket ground electrode of the present invention (spring not shown);
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the state of use of the plug and the socket in the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view of the A-A direction of Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view of the B-B direction of Figure 11;
  • Figure 14 shows several forms of the contact surface of the plug and socket electrode contacts of the present invention.
  • an in-line self-locking explosion-proof electrical connection device of the present embodiment includes a plug 100 and a socket 200 adapted to the plug 100, the plug 100 can be directly inserted into the socket 200 along the insertion direction to achieve electrical connection, wherein
  • the plug 100 has a plug pin, and the plug pin is provided with two or more plug power electrodes 121 and a plug ground electrode 111.
  • the plug pin is as shown in FIG. In the square structure shown, when two plug power electrodes 121 are provided, the two plug power electrodes 121 are respectively disposed on the opposite faces of the square plug pins, and the plug ground electrodes 111 are disposed on the other sides, if three When the power electrode 121 is plugged, two of the plug power electrodes 121 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the square plug, the plug ground electrode 111 may be disposed on the other side, and the other plug power electrode 121 may be disposed on
  • the shape of the plug connector in the present embodiment is not limited to a square shape, and a circular shape or the like may be used.
  • the distribution positions of the plug power electrode 121 and the plug ground electrode 111 are also It can be designed according to the shape and actual needs of the plug bolt; the side wall of the plug bolt is further provided with one or more plug self-locking portions 112, and the plug self-locking portion 112 is a circular hole or a groove having a curved structure. or Point, the plug pin in the insertion direction 13 is further provided with a positioning guide hole.
  • the socket 200 has a socket 211 adapted to the plug connector.
  • the wall of the socket 211 is respectively provided with the two plug power electrodes 121 and a plug grounded.
  • Two or more socket power electrodes 25 and one socket ground electrode 26 corresponding to the electrodes 111, and a socket self-locking portion 24 corresponding to the plug self-locking portion 112 is further disposed on the hole wall of the socket 211.
  • Each of the socket self-locking portions 24 has a latching member 243 which is telescopic and has a convex or concave curved surface structure or a circular hole. The latching member 243 is engaged with the plug self-locking portion 112, and the jack 211 is further provided therein.
  • a guide positioning post 221 that cooperates with the above-mentioned guide positioning hole 13.
  • the matching locking member 243 is a convex curved surface structure, and the radius of the circular hole of the plug self-locking portion 112 should be
  • the latching member 243 corresponds to the size of the curved surface structure; when the plug self-locking portion 112 has a curved surface structure
  • the matching latching member 243 is a concave curved surface structure or a circular hole, and the circular hole radius of the latching member 243 should correspond to the convex curved surface structure size of the plug self-locking portion 112.
  • the plug self-locking portion 112 preferably has a groove having a curved structure
  • the socket self-locking portion 24 preferably has a latching member 243 having a convex curved structure, and the plug self-locking portion 112 and the card
  • the curved surface structure of the locking member 243 is a hemispherical shape with the same radius.
  • the locking member 243 can be directly designed as a spherical marble.
  • the plug 100 In the case where there is no external force, the plug 100 is not ejected; when the outwardly pulled force is applied to the plug 100, the plug can be easily pulled out by the cooperation of the latching member 243 and the plug self-locking portion 112.
  • the utility model has the advantages of convenient use and quick power-off; in addition, when the plug is inserted, under the action of the curved structure of the plug self-locking portion 112 and the socket self-locking portion 24, the plug naturally moves into the socket, and can hear a "click" to ensure the touch.
  • the contact depth of the latching member 243 and the plug self-locking portion 112 is 0.3 mm, and the matching gap between the guiding positioning hole 13 and the guiding positioning post 221 is 0.2 mm, and Plug self-locking portion 112
  • Two pins are oppositely disposed on the plug bolts, and the socket self-locking portions 24 are also correspondingly disposed in two groups.
  • the plug 100 can be completely caught by the self-locking depth of 0.6 mm, and is externally pulled out by external force.
  • the plug 100 can be easily pulled out.
  • the plug 100 is locked by the plug self-locking portion 112 and the socket self-locking portion 24, and the plug 100 can be pulled out only under the force opposite to the insertion direction, and the other directions are not withdrawn, so There is a case where the plug is ejected by an external force in other directions, and there is no problem that the rotary socket is easily rotated by an external force and the contact of the contact is poor.
  • the plug 100 is directly inserted into the socket 211 of the socket 200 through the plug bolt, and is self-locked by the socket in the socket 200 and the plug on the plug 100.
  • the lock portion 112 cooperates with the lock, and the plug power electrode 121 and the plug ground electrode 111 on the plug 100 are respectively in contact with the socket power electrode 25 and the socket ground electrode 26 in the socket 200 respectively; the plug 100 is in an external force opposite to the insertion direction. Under the action, the locking force of the socket self-locking portion 24 is overcome to remove the power.
  • the present embodiment utilizes a simple connector self-locking portion 24 and a plug self-locking portion 112 to lock the plug 100 inserted into the socket 200, and achieve stable electrical connection contact;
  • the force of the self-locking structure can be directly overcome, the plug 100 can be easily and quickly powered off, and the plug can be directly inserted and pulled out, which is safe and reliable;
  • the guiding positioning column 221 and the guiding positioning hole 13 are precisely matched to make the plug 100 and the socket 200 The positioning is accurate, it is not easy to shake, and the metal contacts are fully contacted.
  • the plug connector in the embodiment is divided into a first plug post 11 and a second plug post 12 having a large outer dimension, and the plug ground electrode 111 is disposed in the insertion direction.
  • the plug power supply electrode 121 is disposed on a side surface of the first plug post 11 and is disposed on a side surface of the second plug post 12
  • the plug self-locking portion 112 is disposed on a side surface of the first plug post 11 .
  • the purpose of designing the plug pin as the first plug post 11 and the second plug post 12 having the outer contour size from large to small is that the plug ground electrode 111 can be disposed on the outer portion of the plug pin to make the electrode between the electrodes The distance is large to prevent interaction between the electrodes, and it is ensured that a large amount of current can be passed; and with respect to the rotary plug, the plug ground electrode 111 is located above the plug power electrode 121, and is directly inserted. When the plug is inserted, the plug grounding electrode 111 can be first contacted, which meets the requirements of electrical connection, and ensures personal safety in the event of a power accident.
  • the plug connector of the present invention can also be formed without a stepped structure, such as a prism or a cylinder.
  • the metal contacts in the plug 100 and the socket 200 can be energized in a horizontal or vertical direction, and the metal contacts can be mounted on the side or the lower side of the plug
  • the contact surface shape of the metal contact can be designed as a curved surface, a tapered surface or a folded surface (see FIGS. 14(b), (c) and ( d))) It is only necessary to ensure that the plug contacts are in parallel contact with the contact faces of the socket contacts.
  • the contact surface of the plug power electrode 121 on the plug pin in the embodiment is a bevel structure, and the bevel structure should be It is understood to include: the entire bevel, as well as the bevel with a bend in the middle (as shown in Figure 14 (a)), that is, the fold, the fold structure still only needs to ensure that the contact between the plug and the socket is in parallel contact
  • the contact surface of the socket power electrode 25 in the jack 211 is also a bevel structure, and the slope on the plug power electrode 121 is parallel to the slope on the corresponding socket power electrode 25; the plug ground electrode 111 on the plug
  • the contact surface is a bevel structure, and the contact surface of the socket ground electrode 26 in the socket 211 is also a bevel structure, and the slope on the plug ground electrode 111 is parallel to the slope on the socket ground electrode 26.
  • the electrical connection of the metal contacts is realized by parallel inclined faces.
  • the corresponding metal contacts are always kept parallel, and the contact faces are simultaneously contacted, thereby realizing an instantaneous and stable electrical connection contact, thereby avoiding the tip discharge phenomenon, and It ensures that the electrical connection has the largest contact area, reduces the heat of the plug 100 and the socket 200, and can pass the larger current, the electrical connection is more stable and reliable, the use is safer and the service life is longer; when the plug 100 is pulled out, the metal is removed.
  • the contacts are also completely separated in an instant, and there is no spark. It really acts as an explosion-proof, straight and straight, safe and reliable.
  • the side of the plug connector opposite to the plug ground electrode 111 in the present embodiment is provided with a boss having a slanting surface with respect to the inclined surface of the plug ground electrode 111, and the jack 211 is provided therein.
  • the socket 200 of the present embodiment has a housing 21 and a socket base 22.
  • the housing 21 is fixedly disposed on the socket base 22 by four screws, and the socket 211 is opened in the housing 21.
  • the ribs of the socket 211 are further provided with a rib for firmly mating with the plug bolt, and the ribs increase the contact between the jack 211 and the plug bolt, so that the plug 100 can be inserted more accurately;
  • the socket base 22 is internally provided with two power electrode mounting positions 222, two socket self-locking mounting positions 224, a ground electrode mounting position 226, and The terminal 227, wherein the two power electrode mounting positions 222 are oppositely disposed, and the two socket self-locking mounting positions 224 are also oppositely disposed;
  • the plug is provided with three plug power electrodes 121, that is, a three-phase electrical connecting device
  • the socket base 22 is internally provided with
  • the socket power electrode 25, the socket self-locking portion 24 and the socket ground electrode 26 are respectively mounted in the power electrode mounting position 222, the socket self-locking mounting position 224 and the ground electrode mounting position 226, and the socket self-locking portion 24 is fixed to the socket power electrode. Above the 25th. With the above arrangement of the socket base 22, the internal space of the socket 200 is reasonable, the structure is compact, and the forces on the plug 100 are balanced with each other, and combined with the precise cooperation of the guiding positioning post 221 and the guiding positioning hole 13, the plug 100 is in the socket. The position within 200 is relatively fixed, and the electrical connection is not unstable due to looseness.
  • the socket 200 further includes a floating support cover 23 (see FIGS. 4, 12, and 13).
  • the floating support cover 23 is disposed on the guide positioning post 221, and a support spring 231 is disposed under the floating support cover. 23 is limited by the outer casing 21 to the insertion hole 211, and can be moved on the guiding positioning column 221 as the plug 100 is inserted and removed; in the embodiment, the floating supporting cover 23 can not only prevent dust from entering the socket 200.
  • the function of the socket 200 also has the function of preventing electric shock; more importantly, the floating support cover 23 can always bear against the plug 100, and when the plug 100 is over inserted, the plug 100 can be reset to ensure that the maximum contact surface is finally energized. When the plug 100 is not inserted into place, the plug 100 can be ejected to remind the user to reinsert the plug 100.
  • the socket self-locking portion 24 in the socket 200 includes a fixing seat 241, a taper sleeve 242, a latching member 243, and
  • the lock spring 245 and the inserting plate 241 are mounted on the socket base 22 by four screws, and the bottom of the legs of the four mounting screws of the fixing base 241 are provided with grooves, and the corresponding positions of the socket base 22 are provided with bosses.
  • the fixing seat 241 is conveniently positioned; the taper sleeve 242 is embedded in the mounting hole of the fixing base 241, the latching member 243 (ball) is disposed in the taper sleeve 242, and the front side of the latching member 243 is limited by the front end taper angle of the taper sleeve 242.
  • the rear portion is pressed by the self-locking spring 245, and the rear end of the self-locking spring 245 abuts against the insert plate inserted into the rear end of the fixing base 241.
  • the fixing base 241 is further provided with a positioning slot 244, which is positioned in cooperation with the positioning post 225 provided on the socket base 22.
  • the socket self-locking portion 24 in this embodiment has a simple structure and a clever design, and the taper sleeve 242 can restrict the ejecting of the latching member 243, and can also be used for mounting a spring, and is convenient for processing and manufacturing.
  • the socket power electrode 25 of the socket 200 in the embodiment includes an electrode mounting seat 251, a power electrode electrode contact 253, and a power electrode electrode pushing spring 257.
  • the electrode mounting seat 251 is mounted on the socket base 22 to provide a sliding guide.
  • the stopper 255 disposed on both sides of the electrode mounting seat 251 cooperates with the stroke limiting slot 223 disposed on both sides of the guiding slot, and the electrode mounting seat 251 can only move in the stroke limiting slot 223 to avoid the socket power supply.
  • the electrode 25 is excessively advanced to cause the plug 100 to be stuck in the insertion direction;
  • the power electrode contact 253 is a parallelogram structure, the side of which is provided with a card slot 254, and the front end of the electrode mount 251 is provided with a positioning boss 252, a power electrode
  • the contact 253 is inserted into the positioning boss 252 of the electrode mount 251 through the card slot 254, and the upper end of the positioning boss 252 is further provided with an anti-back hook for preventing the power electrode contact 253 from exiting (not shown).
  • one installation can ensure the angle of the bevel of the power electrode contacts, to ensure that the corresponding slope is completely parallel; electrode mount The rear end of the 251 is provided with a spring fixing column 256, and the power electrode pushing spring 257 is set on the spring fixing column 256, and the power electrode pushing spring 257 contacts the metal contacts and ensures long-term use under the condition of ensuring the contact of the corresponding electrodes. The resulting electrode wear can be compensated in time, so that the corresponding contacts can always fit completely and prolong the service life.
  • the socket ground electrode 26 of the socket 200 in this embodiment adopts another structural design different from the socket power electrode 25, and includes a contact positioning post 261, a ground electrode contact 262, a loose block 264, and The ground electrode pushing spring 265 is inserted into the socket base 22 through a fixing block.
  • the ground electrode contact 262 has a U-shaped structure, and the front end is a slope 263, and the rear end is provided with a slope.
  • the mounting hole is mounted on the contact positioning post 261 through the mounting hole, and the anti-loose block 264 is caught in the "U" shaped space of the grounding electrode contact 262, and a locking hole 264 is also disposed on the contact positioning.
  • the hole in the column 261 is provided with the purpose of preventing the ground electrode contact 262 from shaking on the contact positioning post 261, thereby causing the problem that the bevel 263 and the bevel on the plug cannot be parallel, thereby ensuring the ground electrode contact.
  • 262 can only move in the axial direction of the contact positioning post 261, and the installation is stable; the ground electrode push-up spring 265 is sleeved on the contact positioning post 261, and the fixed block and the ground electrode contact 262 located at the contact positioning post 261 Between the sides of the ground electrode contact 262 is also provided There is a stop block for the limit, similar to the action of the power electrode push-up spring 257, the ground electrode push-up spring 265 can also compensate for the contact error of the metal contact, so that the corresponding contact can be completely contacted.
  • another structure of the socket ground electrode 26 is also provided, which includes a contact positioning post 261, a ground electrode contact 262, and a ground electrode push-up spring. 265.
  • the rear portion of the contact positioning post 261 is inserted into the socket base 22 through a fixing block.
  • the ground electrode contact 262 is a block structure having a slope 263, and a rear end of the ground electrode contact 262 is provided with a mounting hole. And being mounted on the contact positioning post 261 through the mounting hole, the grounding electrode pushing spring 265 is sleeved on the contact positioning post 261 and located between the fixing block of the contact positioning post 261 and the ground electrode contact 262.
  • the side of the ground electrode contact 262 is also provided with a stop for limiting. Compared with the structure of the first type of socket ground electrode 26, the anti-loose block 264 is omitted, and the ground electrode contact 262 is designed as a block structure, which simplifies the structure of the socket ground electrode 26 and facilitates the mounting.
  • the specific structure of the socket power electrode 25 and the socket ground electrode 26 in this embodiment is only one or more preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, as long as the corresponding metal
  • the contact is energized by the structure of the parallel inclined surface of the present invention, and the push-up structure of any contact is adopted as the protection range of the present invention.
  • a plug of the embodiment includes a plug bolt, and two or more plug power electrodes 121 and a plug ground electrode 111 are provided on the plug bolt, and the plug bolt is inserted.
  • One or more plug self-locking portions 112 are further provided on the side wall, for example, one or two or three plug self-locking portions 112 are provided, and the plug self-locking portion 112 is a circular hole or a groove having a curved structure. Or a bump, the plug self-locking portion 112 cooperates with the latching member 243 provided on the socket, and is inserted
  • a guide positioning hole 13 is also provided in the insertion direction of the plug.
  • the plug connector is divided into a first plug post 11 and a second plug post 12 having a large outer dimension, and the plug ground electrode 111 is disposed on a side of the first plug post 11 in the insertion direction.
  • the plug power electrode 121 is disposed on a side surface of the second plug post 12
  • the plug self-locking portion 112 is disposed on a side surface of the first plug post 11 and above the plug power electrode 121 .
  • the curved structure of the plug self-locking portion 112 is hemispherical, and the plug self-locking portion 112 is oppositely disposed on the first plug post 11 .
  • the contact surface of the plug power electrode 121 on the plug bolt is a bevel structure, and the slope on the plug power electrode 121 is parallel to the slope on the corresponding power electrode on the socket;
  • the contact surface of the plug ground electrode 111 is also a bevel structure, and the slope on the plug ground electrode 111 is parallel to the slope on the corresponding ground electrode on the socket; and the side of the plug pin opposite to the plug ground electrode 111 is provided.
  • the two plug self-locking portions 112 are respectively located above the two plug power electrodes 121, and the table surface of the plug self-locking portion 112 is just connected to the inclined end of the plug power electrode 121, and when the plug 100 is inserted, the plug self-locking portion
  • the 112-compatible latching member 243 can slide into the plug self-locking portion 112 to form a self-locking, thereby ensuring smooth insertion of the plug.
  • the electrical connection of the metal contacts is realized by parallel inclined faces. When the plug 100 is inserted into the socket 200, the corresponding metal contacts are always kept parallel, and the contact faces are simultaneously contacted, the tip discharge phenomenon is avoided, and the electrical connection is ensured to be the largest.
  • the contact area reduces the heat of the plug and the socket, and the electrical connection is more stable and reliable through a larger current.
  • the plug connector in the embodiment is further provided with a protective cover 14 for dustproof and waterproof.
  • the protective cover 14 just covers the socket 211. Avoid water or dust entering the socket 200 and affect the electrical connection performance.
  • a socket of the embodiment includes a socket 211 adapted to the above-mentioned plug connector, and two or more sockets are disposed on the hole wall of the socket 211.
  • the power electrode 25 and a socket ground electrode 26 are further provided with one or more socket self-locking portions 24 on the hole wall of the socket 211, and the socket self-locking portion 24 is configured to form a self-locking with the plug self-locking portion 112 on the plug.
  • Each of the socket self-locking portions 24 has a latching member 243 which is telescopic and has a convex or concave curved structure or a circular hole.
  • the latching member 243 is matched with the plug self-locking portion 112 provided on the plug, and the jack is engaged.
  • a guiding positioning column 221 is also provided in the 211.
  • the number of the socket self-locking portions 24 is equal to the number of the plug self-locking portions 112 on the plug 100.
  • the socket self-locking portions 24 are also oppositely disposed on the hole wall of the socket 211, and the curved surface structure of the latching member 243 is also a hemisphere. shape.
  • the socket of the present embodiment has a housing 21 and a socket base 22.
  • the housing 21 is disposed on the socket base 22.
  • the socket 211 is disposed in the middle of the housing 21, and the edge of the socket 211 is provided with a notch 212.
  • the ribs 211 are further provided with ribs for firmly mating with the plug pins; as shown in FIG. 6, the socket base 22 is provided with two power electrode mounting positions 222, two socket self-locking mounting positions 224, and one The ground electrode mounting position 226 and the terminal 227, wherein the two power electrode mounting positions 222 are oppositely disposed, and the two socket self-locking mounting positions 224 are oppositely disposed to form a two-phase electrical connection manner;
  • the body 22 may also be provided with three power electrode mounting positions 222, two socket self-locking mounting positions 224, a ground electrode mounting position 226 and a wiring position 227, wherein two of the three power electrode mounting positions 222 are oppositely disposed.
  • the other power electrode mounting position 222 is disposed in a vertical direction of the connection of the two opposite power electrode mounting positions 222, and the two socket self-locking mounting positions 224 are oppositely disposed to form a three-phase electrical connection manner;
  • the socket power electrode 25 The socket self-locking portion 24 and the socket grounding electrode 26 are respectively mounted in the power electrode mounting position 222, the socket self-locking mounting position 224 and the ground electrode mounting position 226, and the socket self-locking portion 24 is fixed above the socket power electrode 25;
  • the auxiliary base mechanism 22 can also be provided with a auxiliary pushing mechanism mounting position, and the auxiliary pushing mechanism mounting position is mounted with the auxiliary pushing mechanism 27, and the auxiliary pushing mechanism 27 is opposite to the position of the socket grounding electrode 26 to ensure the socket is balanced.
  • the socket 200 further includes a floating support cover 23, and the floating support cover 23 is set on the guide positioning post 221, and a support spring 231 is disposed below the floating support cover 23, and the floating support cover 23 is restrained by the outer casing 21 at the insertion hole 211, and can be The insertion and removal of the plug moves on the guiding positioning post 221.
  • the contact faces of the two socket power electrodes 25 in the jack 211 in this embodiment are all inclined structures, and the inclined surface on the socket power electrode 25 and the corresponding power supply electrode on the plug The slopes are parallel; the contact surface of the socket ground electrode 26 in the socket 211 is also a bevel structure, and the slope on the socket ground electrode 26 is parallel to the slope on the corresponding ground electrode on the plug.
  • the structure of the auxiliary push mechanism 27 is similar to that of the socket ground electrode 26, except that the "U" shaped ground electrode contact 262 and the lock block 264 or the block ground electrode contact 262 are replaced by a push block.
  • the structural shape of the push block is similar to that of the ground electrode contact 262, the anti-loose block 264, or the block-shaped ground electrode contact 262, so that the plug 100 is balanced in the socket 200.
  • a detachable heightening pad is further disposed at the rear of the socket base 22 of the socket 200. When installing, the heightening cushion sleeve is disposed on the socket base 22, A stable mounting of the socket 200 is achieved.
  • the invention relates to a direct insertion self-locking explosion-proof electrical connection device and a plug and a socket thereof.
  • the plug and the socket are directly inserted and pulled straight, and after the plug is inserted, under the positioning of the guiding positioning column and the guiding positioning hole, the metal contacts and the metal contacts are matched.
  • the contact force of the self-locking part of the socket is balanced with each other, so that the plug is stable and reliable after being inserted into the socket, so that the corresponding metal contacts with parallel slopes can be instantaneously and stably contacted with the maximum contact area, thereby avoiding the generation of electric spark and ensuring electrical connection.
  • the in-line self-locking explosion-proof electrical connection device and the plug and the socket thereof have the advantages of maximizing the use convenience while ensuring the safety of electric power; and solving the existing electrical connection device
  • the problem of spark discharge is easy to occur when the power is turned on or off, and the heat generated after the plug and the socket are connected is reduced, and the maximum current value allowed by the plug and the socket is increased.

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  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)

Abstract

一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置及其插头（100）和插座（200），属于导电连接装置领域。该插头具有一个插接栓，插接拴上设有两个或两个以上的插头电源电极（121）和一个插头接地电极（111），插接拴的侧壁上还设有插头自锁部（112），该插头自锁部为圆孔或具有曲面结构的凹槽和凹点；插座上具有一个插孔（211），插孔的孔壁上设有两个或两个以上的插座电源电极（25）和一个插座接地电极（26），插孔的孔壁上还设有插座自锁部（24），每个插座自锁部具有带有凸出或凹陷曲面结构或圆孔的卡锁件（243）；插头和插座的对应电极具有相互平行的斜面。利用自锁机构将插入的插头缩紧，并通过平行斜面实现瞬间稳定地电连接接触；在插头直插直拔时均不会产生电火花放电，真正起到防爆的作用，安全可靠。

Description

一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置及其插头和插座 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电连接装置及其插头和插座，更具体地说，涉及一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置及其插头和插座。
背景技术
传统的电连接装置一般采用直接插入式，例如常见的两孔、三孔插头和插座，插头插入插座即通电，插头拔出插座即断电。这种传统的电连接方式虽然用起来非常方便，但其电连接完全依靠金属触点的回弹接触及导电性完成，金属触点必须同时具有导电和卡紧的功能，在实际使用中，经常出现松动或虚接等现象，电连接的可靠性较差；此外，这种电连接方式在插头插拔过程中容易产生电火花，严重的甚至会造成用电事故。还有，传统的插头金属触点外露较长，不仅浪费材料，还会造成触电等安全隐患，并且在运输中，较长的金属触点也易折弯而影响正常使用。
为了克服上述传统直插式的插头和插座的电连接不安全、电连接可靠性差等缺点，市面上出现了一些新型的插头和插座，也改变了现有的电连接方式。尤其像旋转式插头和插座，其一般均是通过将外壁带有金属触点的圆形插头插入带有圆孔的插座内，并通过旋转90°使插头与插座的触点接通，插头与插座的拔出一般存在两种情况，一种是反向旋转插头并使插头弹出，但这种拔出方式，在遇到紧急情况时，断电速度较慢，存在一定的安全隐患；另一种是可以直接拔出插头，虽然保证了用电安全，但大多数用户在尝试直接拔出插头时，由于用力较小，容易产生插头无法直接拔出的错觉，从而仍然采用反向旋转的方式断电；还有就是这种直接拔出插头的方式，所需力量较大，对插头和插座的损坏也较大，影响使用寿命；再者，在使用这种旋转插座时，常常出现以下情况：一个人将插头插入插座，另一个人往往不知道该插座为旋转插座，因此会出现断电困难的情况。此外，对于旋转式插座均具有一个缺陷，即在使用时，稍有外力作用，插头就可能产生反向转动，导致金属触点接触稳定性较差，容易造成意外断电等。因此，对于此类旋转式插头，用户常感觉操作比较麻烦，因此难以受到市场的青睐。
结合传统直插式的插头、插座及旋转式插头、插座的优点，市场上也有新型的直插式插头和插座出现，其结构与旋转式插头和插座的结构类似，可以直插直拔，但此类插头和插座采用单边的锁定槽和锁片实现插头的锁紧，并需要配合一个锁定装置才能实现锁定或解锁，操作仍然十分繁琐；并且，在锁定装置的单边作用力下，插头与插座的接触触点易出现间隙 等，造成电连接稳定性差、触点发热严重的问题。
发明内容
1.发明要解决的技术问题
本发明的目的在于克服现有直插式可锁定的电连接方式操作繁琐、电连接稳定性差的不足，提供一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置及其插头和插座，采用本发明的技术方案，利用结构简单的插座自锁部和插头自锁部相配合，将插入的插头锁紧，并结合具有相互平行斜面的金属触点实现瞬间稳定地电连接接触，避免了电火花的产生，并且确保电极具有最大的接触面，降低了通电放热，提高了通过电流的上限值；在拔出插头时，可直接克服自锁结构的作用力，可以很方便快速地将插头断电，金属触点同样瞬间完全分离，也不会产生火花，真正起到防爆的作用，安全可靠。
2.技术方案
为达到上述目的，本发明提供的技术方案为：
本发明的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，包括一个插头和一个与该插头相适配的插座，其中，
所述的插头具有一个插接栓，所述的插接栓上设有两个或两个以上的插头电源电极和一个插头接地电极，所述的插接栓的侧壁上还设有一个或一个以上的插头自锁部，该插头自锁部为圆孔或具有曲面结构的凹槽或凸点，在插接栓的插入方向上还设有一个导向定位孔；
所述的插座上具有一个与上述插接栓相适配的插孔，所述的插孔的孔壁上设有分别与上述的插头电源电极和插头接地电极相对应的两个或两个以上的插座电源电极和一个插座接地电极，所述的插孔的孔壁上还设有与上述的插头自锁部相对应的插座自锁部，每个所述的插座自锁部具有一个可伸缩且带有凸出或凹陷曲面结构或圆孔的卡锁件，该卡锁件与插头自锁部相配合，所述的插孔内还设有一个与上述的导向定位孔相配合的导向定位柱；
所述的插头通过插接栓直接插入插座的插孔内，并由插座内的插座自锁部与插头上的插头自锁部配合锁紧，插头上的插头电源电极和插头接地电极分别对应地与插座内的插座电源电极和插座接地电极充分接触通电；所述的插头在与插入方向相反的外力作用下克服插座自锁部的锁紧力拔出断电。
更进一步地，所述的插接栓沿插入方向分为外轮廓尺寸由大到小的第一插接柱和第二插接柱，所述的插头接地电极设于第一插接柱的侧面，所述的插头电源电极设于第二插接柱的侧面，所述的插头自锁部设于第一插接柱的侧面。
更进一步地，所述的插头自锁部和卡锁件的曲面结构为半径相同的半球形。
更进一步地，所述的插头自锁部相对地设置两个。
更进一步地，所述的插接栓上的插头电源电极的接触面均为斜面结构；所述的插孔内的插座电源电极的接触面也均为斜面结构，且插头电源电极上的斜面与对应的插座电源电极上的斜面相平行。
更进一步地，所述的插接栓上的插头接地电极的接触面为斜面结构，所述的插孔内的插座接地电极的接触面也为斜面结构，且插头接地电极上的斜面与插座接地电极上的斜面相平行。
更进一步地，所述的插座具有一个外壳和一个插座基体，所述的外壳设于插座基体上，所述的插座基体内部设有两个电源电极安装位、两个插座自锁部安装位、一个接地电极安装位和接线位，其中，两个电源电极安装位相对设置，两个插座自锁部安装位也相对设置；或者，所述的插座基体内部设有三个电源电极安装位、两个插座自锁部安装位、一个接地电极安装位和接线位，其中，三个电源电极安装位中的两个相对设置，另一个电源电极安装位设于该两个相对的电源电极安装位连线的垂直方向上，两个插座自锁部安装位相对设置；所述的插座电源电极、插座自锁部和插座接地电极分别对应安装于电源电极安装位、插座自锁部安装位和接地电极安装位内。
更进一步地，所述的插座还包括一个浮动支撑盖，所述的浮动支撑盖套装于导向定位柱上，其下方设有一支撑弹簧，该浮动支撑盖由外壳限制于插孔处，且可随着插头的插拔在导向定位柱上移动。
更进一步地，所述的插孔的四周设有用于与插接栓稳固配合的筋板。
更进一步地，所述的插座自锁部包括固定座、锥套、卡锁件、自锁弹簧和插板，所述的固定座安装于插座基体上，所述的锥套嵌入固定座的安装孔中，所述的卡锁件设于锥套内，且卡锁件的前方由锥套的前端锥角限位，后方由自锁弹簧压紧，自锁弹簧的后端抵在插入固定座后端的插板上。
更进一步地，所述的固定座上还设有定位槽，该定位槽与插座基体上设置的定位柱相配合定位。
更进一步地，所述的插座电源电极包括电极安装座、电源电极触点和电源电极推顶弹簧，所述的电极安装座安装于插座基体上设置的导滑槽内，并通过电极安装座两侧设置的挡块与导滑槽两侧设置的行程限位槽相配合，所述的电源电极触点通过其侧边设置的卡槽插配于电极安装座前端设置的定位凸台上，且所述的定位凸台的上端设有用于防止电源电极触点退出的防退勾，所述的电极安装座后端设有弹簧固定柱，所述的电源电极推顶弹簧套装于弹簧固定柱上。
更进一步地，所述的插座接地电极包括触点定位柱、接地电极触点和接地电极推顶弹簧， 所述的触点定位柱的后部通过一固定块插装于插座基体上，所述的接地电极触点为具有一斜面的块状结构，且该接地电极触点后端设有一安装孔，并通过该安装孔安装于触点定位柱上，所述的接地电极推顶弹簧套设于触点定位柱上，且位于触点定位柱的固定块与接地电极触点之间，所述的接地电极触点的侧边还设有用于限位的止挡块。
本发明的一种插头，包括一个插接栓，所述的插接栓上设有两个或两个以上的插头电源电极和一个插头接地电极，所述的插接栓的侧壁上还设有一个或一个以上的插头自锁部，该插头自锁部为圆孔或具有曲面结构的凹槽或凸点，该插头自锁部与插座上设置的卡锁件相配合，在插接栓的插入方向上还设有一个导向定位孔。
更进一步地，所述的插接栓沿插入方向分为外轮廓尺寸由大到小的第一插接柱和第二插接柱，所述的插头接地电极设于第一插接柱的侧面，所述的插头电源电极设于第二插接柱的侧面，所述的插头自锁部设于第一插接柱的侧面。
更进一步地，所述的插头自锁部的曲面结构为半球形，且所述的插头自锁部在第一插接柱上相对地设置两个。
更进一步地，所述的插接栓上的插头电源电极的接触面均为斜面结构，且该插头电源电极上的斜面与插座上对应电源电极上的斜面相平行；所述的插接栓上的插头接地电极的接触面也为斜面结构，且该插头接地电极上的斜面与插座上对应接地电极上的斜面相平行。
更进一步地，所述的插接栓上还套设有一个用于防尘防水的防护罩。
本发明的一种插座，包括一个插孔，所述的插孔的孔壁上设有两个或两个以上的插座电源电极和一个插座接地电极，所述的插孔的孔壁上还设有一个或一个以上的插座自锁部，所述的插座自锁部用于与插头上的插头自锁部形成自锁，每个所述的插座自锁部具有一个可伸缩且带有凸出或凹陷曲面结构或圆孔的卡锁件，该卡锁件与插头上设置的插头自锁部相配合，所述的插孔内还设有一个导向定位柱。
更进一步地，所述的插座自锁部在插孔的孔壁上相对地设置两个，且所述的卡锁件的曲面结构为半球形。
更进一步地，所述的插孔内的插座电源电极的接触面均为斜面结构，且该插座电源电极上的斜面与插头上对应电源电极上的斜面相平行；所述的插孔内的插座接地电极的接触面也为斜面结构，且插座接地电极上的斜面与插头上对应接地电极上的斜面相平行。
更进一步地，具有一个外壳和一个插座基体，所述的外壳设于插座基体上，所述的插孔设于外壳中部，且插孔的边缘设有缺口；所述的插座基体内部设有两个电源电极安装位、两个插座自锁部安装位、一个接地电极安装位和接线位，其中，两个电源电极安装位相对设置，两个插座自锁部安装位相对设置；或者，所述的插座基体内部设有三个电源电极安装位、两 个插座自锁部安装位、一个接地电极安装位和接线位，其中，三个电源电极安装位中的两个相对设置，另一个电源电极安装位设于该两个相对的电源电极安装位连线的垂直方向上，两个插座自锁部安装位相对设置；所述的插座电源电极、插座自锁部和插座接地电极分别对应安装于电源电极安装位、插座自锁部安装位和接地电极安装位内，所述的插座自锁部固定于插座电源电极的上方。
更进一步地，还包括一个浮动支撑盖，所述的浮动支撑盖套装于导向定位柱上，其下方设有一支撑弹簧，该浮动支撑盖由外壳限制于插孔处，且可随着插头的插拔在导向定位柱上移动。
更进一步地，所述的插孔的四周设有用于与插接栓稳固配合的筋板。
3.有益效果
采用本发明提供的技术方案，与已有的公知技术相比，具有如下显著效果：
(1)本发明的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其包括一个具有插头自锁部、一个导向定位孔的插头和一个具有插座自锁部、一个导向定位柱的插座，插头与插座的电极触点具有相互平行的斜面，插头通过插接栓直接插入插座的插孔内，并由插座内的插座自锁部与插头上的插头自锁部配合锁紧，插头在与插入方向相反的外力作用下克服插座自锁部的锁紧力拔出断电，利用结构简单的插座自锁部和插头自锁部相配合，将插入插座的插头锁紧，并结合具有相互平行斜面的金属触点实现瞬间稳定地电连接接触，避免了电火花的产生，并且确保电极具有最大的接触面，降低了通电放热，提高了通过电流的上限值；在拔出插头时，可直接克服自锁结构的作用力，可以很方便快速地将插头断电，金属触点同样瞬间完全分离，也不会产生火花，真正起到防爆的作用，直插直拔，安全可靠；导向定位柱与导向定位孔精确配合，使插头与插座定位准确，不易晃动，保证了金属触点充分接触；同时，插头只有与在插入方向相反的一定大小的作用力下才能被拔出，实现快速断电，在自锁装置、导向定位柱、插孔导向筋板及电极平行斜面组成的稳定锁紧贴合系统中，在其他方向外力作用时，插头不会松动或脱落，实现高可靠连接；另外，相对于旋转式插座，插头和插座的电极触点不受结构限制，可以做得更大，使电极的接触面积更大，因此功率可以更大；
(2)本发明的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其插接栓沿插入方向分为外轮廓尺寸由大到小的第一插接柱和第二插接柱，插头接地电极设于第一插接柱的侧面，插头电源电极设于第二插接柱的侧面，插头自锁部设于第一插接柱的侧面，将插头接地电极设于插接栓靠外的部分，使电极间的距离较大，防止电极间相互影响；且相对于旋转式插头而言，插头接地电极位于插头电源电极的上方，在直接插入插头时，可以使插头接地电极首先接触，符合电连接要求，在发生用电事故时保证人身安全；
(3)本发明的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其插头自锁部和卡锁件的曲面结构为半径相同的半球形，在插头插入插座时，插头自锁部和卡锁件可以顺畅卡合，在没有外力作用的情况下，插头不会被弹出；当对插头施加向外拔出的力时，在卡锁件与插头自锁部的配合下，插头可以被轻松拔出，使用方便，断电快速；此外，插头插入时，在插头自锁部和插座自锁部曲面结构的作用下，插头自然向插座内移动，也保证了具有斜面的触点在一瞬间就可以完全接触；
(4)本发明的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其插头自锁部相对地设置两个，保证了插头受力平衡，在插头插入后不会倾斜，使金属触点接触更加紧密稳定，保证了良好的电连接性能；
(5)本发明的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其插接栓上的两个插头电源电极的接触面均为斜面结构；插孔内的两个插座电源电极的接触面也均为斜面结构，且插头电源电极上的斜面与对应的插座电源电极上的斜面相平行；插接栓上的插头接地电极的接触面为斜面结构，插孔内的插座接地电极的接触面也为斜面结构，且插头接地电极上的斜面与插座接地电极上的斜面相平行；采用相互平行的斜面实现金属触点的电连接，在插头插入时，对应的金属触点始终保持平行，并使接触面同时接触，避免了尖端放电现象，且保证了电连接具有最大的接触面积，降低了插头与插座的热量，并可通过更大的电流，电连接更加稳定可靠，使用寿命更长；
(6)本发明的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其插座具有一个外壳和一个插座基体，插座基体内部设有两或三个电源电极安装位、两个插座自锁部安装位、一个接地电极安装位和接线位，插座电源电极、插座自锁部和插座接地电极分别对应安装于电源电极安装位、插座自锁部安装位和接地电极安装位内，结构设计合理，插头上所受的力相互平衡，并结合导向定位柱与导向定位孔的精确配合，插头在插座内的位置相对固定，不会因松动而导致电连接不稳定；
(7)本发明的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其插座还包括一个浮动支撑盖，浮动支撑盖套装于导向定位柱上，其下方设有一支撑弹簧，该浮动支撑盖由外壳限制于插孔处，且可随着插头的插拔在导向定位柱上移动；浮动支撑盖不仅可以起到防止灰尘进入插座而影响插座性能的作用，还具有防止触电的作用；更重要的是，浮动支撑盖可以始终顶住插头，在插头过插入时，可以将插头复位，保证最终以最大接触面通电，在插头没有插入到位时，可以将插头弹出，提醒使用者重新插入插头；
(8)本发明的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其插座自锁部包括固定座、锥套、卡锁件和自锁弹簧，固定座安装于插座基体上，锥套嵌入固定座的安装孔中，卡锁件设于锥套内， 且卡锁件的前方由锥套的前端锥角限位，后方由自锁弹簧压紧，自锁弹簧的后端抵在插座基体上；插座自锁部结构简单，设计巧妙，锥套既可以限制卡锁件弹出，又可以用于安装弹簧，同时加工制造方便；此外，固定座上还设有定位槽，该定位槽与插座基体上设置的定位柱相配合定位，确保插座自锁部在插座基体内定位精确；
(9)本发明的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其插座电源电极和插座接地电极采用两种不同的结构实现，插座电源电极中的电源电极触点通过卡槽直接插装于电极安装座上，一次安装即可保证电源电极触点的斜面角度，保证对应斜面完全平行；插座接地电极的接地电极触点通过套装于触点定位柱上，保证了接地电极触点仅能在触点定位柱的轴向移动，且安装稳固；电源电极推顶弹簧和接地电极推顶弹簧在保证对应电极接触的情况下，对于金属触点的接触误差以及长时间使用而造成的电极磨损可以及时弥补，使对应触点可以始终完全贴合，延长了使用寿命；
(10)本发明的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其插接栓上还套设有一个用于防尘防水的防护罩，在插头插入插座后，该防护罩刚好将插孔盖住，避免水或灰尘进入插座而影响电连接性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的一种插头的结构示意图；
图3为本发明的一种插头的局部结构示意图；
图4为本发明的一种插座的结构示意图；
图5为本发明的一种插座的内部结构示意图；
图6为本发明中的插座基体的结构示意图；
图7和图8为本发明中的插座自锁部的结构示意图(弹簧未画出)；
图9为本发明中的插座电源电极的结构示意图(弹簧未画出)；
图10为本发明中的插座接地电极的结构示意图(弹簧未画出)；
图11为本发明中的插头与插座的使用状态示意图；
图12为图11中的A-A方向示意图；
图13为图11中的B-B方向示意图；
图14为本发明中插头与插座电极触点接触面的几种形式。
示意图中的标号说明：
100、插头；11、第一插接柱；111、插头接地电极；112、插头自锁部；12、第二插接柱；121、插头电源电极；13、导向定位孔；14、防护罩；
200、插座；21、外壳；211、插孔；212、缺口；22、插座基体；221、导向定位柱；222、电源电极安装位；223、行程限位槽；224、插座自锁部安装位；225、定位柱；226、接地电极安装位；227、接线位；23、浮动支撑盖；231、支撑弹簧；24、插座自锁部；241、固定座；242、锥套；243、卡锁件；244、定位槽；245、自锁弹簧；25、插座电源电极；251、电极安装座；252、定位凸台；253、电源电极触点；254、卡槽；255、挡块；256、弹簧固定柱；257、电源电极推顶弹簧；26、插座接地电极；261、触点定位柱；262、接地电极触点；263、斜面；264、防松块；265、接地电极推顶弹簧；27、辅推机构。
具体实施方式
为进一步了解本发明的内容，结合附图和实施例对本发明作详细描述。
实施例
结合图1至图5、图11至图13所示，本实施例的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，包括一个插头100和一个与该插头100相适配的插座200，该插头100可沿着插入方向直接插入插座200中实现电连接，其中，
如图2和图3所示，插头100具有一个插接栓，插接栓上设有两个或两个以上的插头电源电极121和一个插头接地电极111，例如，插接栓为图2中所示的方形结构，并设置两个插头电源电极121时，两个插头电源电极121分别设于方形插接栓的相对的面上，插头接地电极111则设于另外的侧面上，若设置三个插头电源电极121时，其中两个插头电源电极121分别设于方形插接栓的相对的面上，插头接地电极111则可设于另外的侧面上，另外一个插头电源电极121可设于与插头接地电极111相对的面上；当然，本实施例中的插接栓的形状并不局限于方形，也可以采用圆形或其他形状等，插头电源电极121与插头接地电极111的分布位置也可根据插接栓的形状和实际需求而设计；插接栓的侧壁上还设有一个或一个以上的插头自锁部112，该插头自锁部112为圆孔或具有曲面结构的凹槽或凸点，在插接栓的插入方向上还设有一个导向定位孔13。
如图4和图5所示，插座200上具有一个与上述插接栓相适配的插孔211，插孔211的孔壁上设有分别与上述的两个插头电源电极121和一个插头接地电极111相对应的两个或两个以上的插座电源电极25和一个插座接地电极26，插孔211的孔壁上还设有与上述的插头自锁部112相对应的插座自锁部24，每个插座自锁部24具有一个可伸缩且带有凸出或凹陷曲面结构或圆孔的卡锁件243，该卡锁件243与插头自锁部112相配合，插孔211内还设有一个与上述的导向定位孔13相配合的导向定位柱221。具体地，当插头自锁部112为圆孔或具有曲面结构的凹槽时，与之匹配的卡锁件243则为凸出的曲面结构，并且，插头自锁部112的圆孔半径应与卡锁件243凸出曲面结构的尺寸相对应；当插头自锁部112为具有曲面结构 的凸点时，与之匹配的卡锁件243则为凹陷曲面结构或圆孔，并且，卡锁件243的圆孔半径应与插头自锁部112的凸点曲面结构尺寸相对应。在本实施例中，作为优选方案，插头自锁部112首选具有曲面结构的凹槽，插座自锁部24首选具有凸出曲面结构的卡锁件243，并且，该插头自锁部112和卡锁件243的曲面结构为半径相同的半球形，卡锁件243可直接设计为球形的弹珠，在插头100插入插座200时，卡锁件243弹出嵌入插头自锁部112内，卡合顺畅，在没有外力作用的情况下，插头100不会被弹出；当对插头100施加向外拔出的力时，在卡锁件243与插头自锁部112的配合下，插头可以被轻松拔出，使用方便，断电快速；此外，插头插入时，在插头自锁部112和插座自锁部24曲面结构的作用下，插头自然向插座内移动，可以听见“咔”地一声，保证了触点在一瞬间就可以完全接触；在一个实施例中，卡锁件243与插头自锁部112的配合深度为0.3mm，导向定位孔13与导向定位柱221的配合间隙为0.2mm，并且，插头自锁部112在插接栓上相对地设置两个，插座自锁部24也对应地设置两组，这样，利用0.6mm的自锁深度完全可以将插头100卡住，并在向外拔出的外力作用下可以将插头100轻松拔出。值得一提的是，采用上述的插头自锁部112和插座自锁部24锁紧插头100，插头100只有在与插入方向相反的作用力下才能被拔出，其他方向不会退出，因此不会出现因插头处受其他方向外力而被弹出的情况，也不存在旋转式插座受外力易回转而使触点接触不良的问题。
本实施例的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，插头100通过插接栓直接插入插座200的插孔211内，并由插座200内的插座自锁部24与插头100上的插头自锁部112配合锁紧，插头100上的插头电源电极121和插头接地电极111分别对应地与插座200内的插座电源电极25和插座接地电极26充分接触通电；插头100在与插入方向相反的外力作用下克服插座自锁部24的锁紧力拔出断电。与现有技术不同的是，本实施例利用结构简单的插座自锁部24和插头自锁部112相配合，将插入插座200的插头100锁紧，并实现稳定地电连接接触；在拔出插头时，可直接克服自锁结构的作用力，可以很方便快速地将插头100断电，直插直拔，安全可靠；导向定位柱221与导向定位孔13精确配合，使插头100与插座200定位准确，不易晃动，保证了金属触点充分接触。
接续图2和图3所示，本实施例中的插接栓沿插入方向分为外轮廓尺寸由大到小的第一插接柱11和第二插接柱12，插头接地电极111设于第一插接柱11的侧面，插头电源电极121设于第二插接柱12的侧面，插头自锁部112设于第一插接柱11的侧面。将插接栓设计为外轮廓尺寸由大到小的第一插接柱11和第二插接柱12的目的在于：可以将插头接地电极111设于插接栓靠外的部分，使电极间的距离较大，防止电极间相互影响，保证可以通过大额电流；且相对于旋转式插头而言，插头接地电极111位于插头电源电极121的上方，在直接插 入插头时，可以使插头接地电极111首先接触，符合电连接要求，在发生用电事故时保证人身安全。当然，本发明中的插接栓也可以做成没有台阶状结构，例如棱柱体或圆柱体等。
本发明的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其插头100与插座200中的金属触点可以在水平方向或竖直方向接触通电，金属触点可以安装于插接栓的侧面或下部端面上，当金属触点设于插接栓的下部端面上时，金属触点的接触面形状可以设计为弧面、锥面或折面等(如图14(b)、(c)和(d)所示)，仅需保证插头触点与插座触点的接触面平行接触即可。但在本实施例中，参见图12和图13所示，与现有技术不同的是，本实施例中的插接栓上的插头电源电极121的接触面均为斜面结构，该斜面结构应该理解为：既包括整个斜面，也包括中间带有折弯的斜面(如图14(a)所示)，即折面，该折面结构仍然仅需保证插头与插座间触点平行接触即可；插孔211内的插座电源电极25的接触面也均为斜面结构，且插头电源电极121上的斜面与对应的插座电源电极25上的斜面相平行；插接栓上的插头接地电极111的接触面为斜面结构，插孔211内的插座接地电极26的接触面也为斜面结构，且插头接地电极111上的斜面与插座接地电极26上的斜面相平行。采用相互平行的斜面实现金属触点的电连接，在插头100插入时，对应的金属触点始终保持平行，并使接触面同时接触，实现瞬间稳定地电连接接触，避免了尖端放电现象，且保证了电连接具有最大的接触面积，降低了插头100与插座200的热量，并可通过更大的电流，电连接更加稳定可靠，使用更加安全，寿命更长；在拔出插头100时，金属触点同样瞬间完全分离，也不会产生火花，真正起到防爆的作用，直插直拔，安全可靠。另外，接续图13所示，本实施例中的插接栓上与插头接地电极111相对的一侧设有具有与插头接地电极111上的斜面相对称斜面的凸台，插孔211内设有一个位置与该凸台位置相对应的辅推机构27，该辅推机构27同样具有一个与凸台斜面相平行的斜面，保证了插头100受力平衡，在插头100插入后不会倾斜，使金属触点接触更加紧密稳定，保证了良好的电连接性能。
参见图4、图5和图6所示，本实施例中的插座200具有一个外壳21和一个插座基体22，外壳21通过四个螺钉固定设于插座基体22上，插孔211开设于外壳21的中间位置，插孔211的四周还设有用于与插接栓稳固配合的筋板，该筋板增加了插孔211与插接栓的接触，因此可使插头100插入更加准确；当插头上设有两个插头电源电极121时，即为两相电连接装置，则插座基体22内部设有两个电源电极安装位222、两个插座自锁部安装位224、一个接地电极安装位226和接线位227，其中，两个电源电极安装位222相对设置，两个插座自锁部安装位224也相对设置；当插头上设有三个插头电源电极121时，即为三相电连接装置，则插座基体22内部设有三个电源电极安装位222、两个插座自锁部安装位224、一个接地电极安装位226和接线位227，其中，三个电源电极安装位222中的两个相对设置，另一个电 源电极安装位222设于该两个相对的电源电极安装位222连线的垂直方向上，两个插座自锁部安装位224相对设置。插座电源电极25、插座自锁部24和插座接地电极26分别对应安装于电源电极安装位222、插座自锁部安装位224和接地电极安装位226内，插座自锁部24固定于插座电源电极25的上方。采用上述的插座基体22结构安排，插座200的内部空间利用合理，结构安排紧凑，插头100上所受的力相互平衡，并结合导向定位柱221与导向定位孔13的精确配合，插头100在插座200内的位置相对固定，不会因松动而导致电连接不稳定。另外，插座200还包括一个浮动支撑盖23(可参见图4、图12和图13所示)，浮动支撑盖23套装于导向定位柱221上，其下方设有一支撑弹簧231，该浮动支撑盖23由外壳21限制于插孔211处，且可随着插头100的插拔在导向定位柱221上移动；在本实施例中，该浮动支撑盖23不仅可以起到防止灰尘进入插座200而影响插座200性能的作用，还具有防止触电的作用；更重要的是，浮动支撑盖23可以始终顶住插头100，在插头100过插入时，可以将插头100复位，保证最终以最大接触面通电，在插头100没有插入到位时，可以将插头100弹出，提醒使用者重新插入插头100。
如图7和图8所示，本实施例的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其插座200中的插座自锁部24包括固定座241、锥套242、卡锁件243、自锁弹簧245和插板，固定座241通过四个螺钉安装于插座基体22上，在固定座241的四个安装螺钉的支腿底部设有凹槽，在插座基体22的对应位置设有凸台，便于固定座241定位；锥套242嵌入固定座241的安装孔中，卡锁件243(弹珠)设于锥套242内，且卡锁件243的前方由锥套242的前端锥角限位，后方由自锁弹簧245压紧，自锁弹簧245的后端抵在插入固定座241后端的插板上。另外，为了确保插座自锁部24在插座基体22内定位更加精确，该固定座241上还设有定位槽244，该定位槽244与插座基体22上设置的定位柱225相配合定位。本实施例中的插座自锁部24结构简单，设计巧妙，锥套242既可以限制卡锁件243弹出，又可以用于安装弹簧，同时加工制造方便。
如图9所示，本实施例中插座200的插座电源电极25包括电极安装座251、电源电极触点253和电源电极推顶弹簧257，电极安装座251安装于插座基体22上设置的导滑槽内，并通过电极安装座251两侧设置的挡块255与导滑槽两侧设置的行程限位槽223相配合，电极安装座251仅能在行程限位槽223内移动，避免插座电源电极25过分前移而使插头100在插入方向上卡住；电源电极触点253为平行四边体结构，其侧边设置有卡槽254，电极安装座251前端设置有定位凸台252，电源电极触点253通过卡槽254插配于电极安装座251的定位凸台252上，且定位凸台252的上端还设有用于防止电源电极触点253退出的防退勾(图中未示出)，一次安装即可保证电源电极触点的斜面角度，保证对应斜面完全平行；电极安装座 251后端设有弹簧固定柱256，电源电极推顶弹簧257套装于弹簧固定柱256上，电源电极推顶弹簧257在保证对应电极接触的情况下，对于金属触点的接触误差以及长时间使用而造成的电极磨损可以及时弥补，使对应触点可以始终完全贴合，延长了使用寿命。
如图10所示，本实施例中插座200的插座接地电极26采用另一种不同于插座电源电极25的结构设计，其包括触点定位柱261、接地电极触点262、防松块264和接地电极推顶弹簧265，触点定位柱261的后部通过一固定块插装于插座基体22上，接地电极触点262为“U”形结构，其前端为一斜面263，后端设有一安装孔，并通过该安装孔安装于触点定位柱261上，防松块264卡在接地电极触点262的“U”形空间内，其上也设有一个用于套设在触点定位柱261上的孔，设置防松块264的目的在于防止接地电极触点262在触点定位柱261上晃动而导致斜面263与插头上的触点斜面无法平行的问题，保证了接地电极触点262仅能在触点定位柱261的轴向移动，且安装稳固；接地电极推顶弹簧265套设于触点定位柱261上，且位于触点定位柱261的固定块与接地电极触点262之间，接地电极触点262的侧边还设有用于限位的止挡块，与电源电极推顶弹簧257的作用类似，接地电极推顶弹簧265也可以弥补金属触点的接触误差，使对应触点可以完全接触。
此外，为了简化插座接地电极26的结构，在一个实施例中，还给出了插座接地电极26的另一种结构，其包括触点定位柱261、接地电极触点262和接地电极推顶弹簧265，触点定位柱261的后部通过一固定块插装于插座基体22上，接地电极触点262为具有一斜面263的块状结构，且该接地电极触点262后端设有一安装孔，并通过该安装孔安装于触点定位柱261上，接地电极推顶弹簧265套设于触点定位柱261上，且位于触点定位柱261的固定块与接地电极触点262之间，接地电极触点262的侧边还设有用于限位的止挡块。与第一种插座接地电极26的结构相比，省略了防松块264，将接地电极触点262设计为块状结构，简化了插座接地电极26的结构，方便了安装。
需要说明的是，本实施例中的插座电源电极25和插座接地电极26的具体结构仅是本发明的一种或多种优选方案，本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，只要对应的金属触点采用本发明中平行斜面的结构接触通电，不论采用何种触点的推顶结构，均属于本发明的保护范围。
以上已经对一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置中的插头100和插座200的结构进行了描述，现结合附图，对插头100和插座200的结构进行进一步描述。
如图2和图3所示，本实施例的一种插头，包括一个插接栓，插接栓上设有两个或两个以上的插头电源电极121和一个插头接地电极111，插接栓的侧壁上还设有一个或一个以上的插头自锁部112，例如设置1个或2个或3个插头自锁部112，该插头自锁部112为圆孔或具有曲面结构的凹槽或凸点，该插头自锁部112与插座上设置的卡锁件243相配合，在插接 栓的插入方向上还设有一个导向定位孔13。具体地，上述的插接栓沿插入方向分为外轮廓尺寸由大到小的第一插接柱11和第二插接柱12，插头接地电极111设于第一插接柱11的侧面，插头电源电极121设于第二插接柱12的侧面，插头自锁部112设于第一插接柱11的侧面，且位于插头电源电极121的上方。优选地，插头自锁部112的曲面结构为半球形，插头自锁部112在第一插接柱11上相对地设置两个。
本实施例的一种插头，插接栓上的插头电源电极121的接触面均为斜面结构，且该插头电源电极121上的斜面与插座上对应电源电极上的斜面相平行；插接栓上的插头接地电极111的接触面也为斜面结构，且该插头接地电极111上的斜面与插座上对应接地电极上的斜面相平行；并且，插接栓上与插头接地电极111相对的一侧设有具有与插头接地电极111上的斜面相对称斜面的凸台，且该凸台的宽度不等于插头接地电极111的宽度。两个插头自锁部112分别位于两个插头电源电极121的上方，且插头自锁部112所在的台面刚好与插头电源电极121的斜面上端相接，在插头100插入时，与插头自锁部112相配合的卡锁件243可以顺势滑入插头自锁部112内，形成自锁，保证了插头插入顺畅。采用相互平行的斜面实现金属触点的电连接，在插头100插入插座200时，对应的金属触点始终保持平行，并使接触面同时接触，避免了尖端放电现象，且保证了电连接具有最大的接触面积，降低了插头与插座的热量，并可通过更大的电流，电连接更加稳定可靠。
接续图2所示，本实施例中的插接栓上还套设有一个用于防尘防水的防护罩14，在插头100插入插座200后，该防护罩14刚好将插孔211盖住，避免水或灰尘进入插座200而影响电连接性能。
如图4至图13所示，本实施例的一种插座，包括一个与上述的插接栓相适配的插孔211，插孔211的孔壁上设有两个或两个以上的插座电源电极25和一个插座接地电极26，插孔211的孔壁上还设有一个或一个以上的插座自锁部24，插座自锁部24用于与插头上的插头自锁部112形成自锁，每个插座自锁部24具有一个可伸缩且带有凸出或凹陷曲面结构或圆孔的卡锁件243，该卡锁件243与插头上设置的插头自锁部112相配合，插孔211内还设有一个导向定位柱221。插座自锁部24的数量与插头100上的插头自锁部112数量相等，插座自锁部24也在插孔211的孔壁上相对地设置两个，卡锁件243的曲面结构也为半球形。具体地，本实施例的一种插座，具有一个外壳21和一个插座基体22，外壳21设于插座基体22上，插孔211设于外壳21中部，且插孔211的边缘设有缺口212，插孔211的四周还设有用于与插接栓稳固配合的筋板；如图6所示，插座基体22内部设有两个电源电极安装位222、两个插座自锁部安装位224、一个接地电极安装位226和接线位227，其中，两个电源电极安装位222相对设置，两个插座自锁部安装位224相对设置，形成两相电连接方式；当然，插座基 体22内部也可以设有三个电源电极安装位222、两个插座自锁部安装位224、一个接地电极安装位226和接线位227，其中，三个电源电极安装位222中的两个相对设置，另一个电源电极安装位222设于该两个相对的电源电极安装位222连线的垂直方向上，两个插座自锁部安装位224相对设置，形成三相电连接方式；插座电源电极25、插座自锁部24和插座接地电极26分别对应安装于电源电极安装位222、插座自锁部安装位224和接地电极安装位226内，插座自锁部24固定于插座电源电极25的上方；插座基体22内部还可以设有一个辅推机构安装位，辅推机构安装位上安装有辅推机构27，辅推机构27与插座接地电极26的位置相对，保证插座受理平衡。此外，插座200还包括一个浮动支撑盖23，浮动支撑盖23套装于导向定位柱221上，其下方设有一支撑弹簧231，该浮动支撑盖23由外壳21限制于插孔211处，且可随着插头的插拔在导向定位柱221上移动。
参见图12和图13所示，本实施例中的插孔211内的两个插座电源电极25的接触面均为斜面结构，且该插座电源电极25上的斜面与插头上对应电源电极上的斜面相平行；插孔211内的插座接地电极26的接触面也为斜面结构，且插座接地电极26上的斜面与插头上对应接地电极上的斜面相平行。
辅推机构27的结构与插座接地电极26的结构类似，不同之处在于，“U”形的接地电极触点262和防松块264或块状的接地电极触点262由一个推块代替，推块的结构形状与接地电极触点262、防松块264组合后或块状的接地电极触点262的结构相差无几，从而使插头100在插座200内受力平衡。此外，为了便于插座200的安装，本实施例中，在插座200的插座基体22后部还设有一个可拆卸的增高垫，在安装时，将增高垫套设于插座基体22上，即可实现插座200的稳固安装。
本发明的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置及其插头和插座，插头与插座直插直拔，插头插入后，在导向定位柱、导向定位孔的定位下，配合各个金属触点及插座自锁部的接触力相互平衡，使插头插入插座后稳定可靠，从而使具有平行斜面的对应金属触点可以完全以最大接触面积瞬间稳定地接触，避免了电火花的产生，保证了电连接稳定性和安全性；在拔出插头时，可直接克服自锁结构的作用力，可以很方便快速地将插头断电，金属触点同样瞬间完全分离，也不会产生火花，真正起到防爆的作用，安全可靠。总之，本发明的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置及其插头和插座，在保证了用电安全的情况下，最大限度地提高了使用方便性；并解决了现有电连接装置在通电或断电时容易产生火花放电的问题，减小了插头与插座接通后的发热量，提高了插头和插座允许通过的最大电流值。
以上示意性地对本发明及其实施方式进行了描述，该描述没有限制性，附图中所示的也只是本发明的实施方式之一，实际的结构并不局限于此。所以，如果本领域的普通技术人员 受其启示，在不脱离本发明创造宗旨的情况下，不经创造性地设计出与该技术方案相似的结构方式及实施例，均应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，包括一个插头(100)和一个与该插头(100)相适配的插座(200)，其特征在于：
    所述的插头(100)具有一个插接栓，所述的插接栓上设有两个或两个以上的插头电源电极(121)和一个插头接地电极(111)，所述的插接栓的侧壁上还设有一个或一个以上的插头自锁部(112)，该插头自锁部(112)为圆孔或具有曲面结构的凹槽或凸点，在插接栓的插入方向上还设有一个导向定位孔(13)；
    所述的插座(200)上具有一个与上述插接栓相适配的插孔(211)，所述的插孔(211)的孔壁上设有分别与上述的插头电源电极(121)和插头接地电极(111)相对应的两个或两个以上的插座电源电极(25)和一个插座接地电极(26)，所述的插孔(211)的孔壁上还设有与上述的插头自锁部(112)相对应的插座自锁部(24)，每个所述的插座自锁部(24)具有一个可伸缩且带有凸出或凹陷曲面结构或圆孔的卡锁件(243)，该卡锁件(243)与插头自锁部(112)相配合，所述的插孔(211)内还设有一个与上述的导向定位孔(13)相配合的导向定位柱(221)；
    所述的插头(100)通过插接栓直接插入插座(200)的插孔(211)内，并由插座(200)内的插座自锁部(24)与插头(100)上的插头自锁部(112)配合锁紧，插头(100)上的插头电源电极(121)和插头接地电极(111)分别对应地与插座(200)内的插座电源电极(25)和插座接地电极(26)充分接触通电；所述的插头(100)在与插入方向相反的外力作用下克服插座自锁部(24)的锁紧力拔出断电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其特征在于：所述的插接栓沿插入方向分为外轮廓尺寸由大到小的第一插接柱(11)和第二插接柱(12)，所述的插头接地电极(111)设于第一插接柱(11)的侧面，所述的插头电源电极(121)设于第二插接柱(12)的侧面，所述的插头自锁部(112)设于第一插接柱(11)的侧面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其特征在于：所述的插头自锁部(112)和卡锁件(243)的曲面结构为半径相同的半球形。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其特征在于：所述的插头自锁部(112)相对地设置两个。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任意一项所述的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其特征在于：所述的插接栓上的插头电源电极(121)的接触面均为斜面结构；所述的插孔(211)内的插座电源电极(25)的接触面也均为斜面结构，且插头电源电极(121)上的斜面与对应的插座电源电极(25)上的斜面相平行。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其特征在于：所述的插接栓 上的插头接地电极(111)的接触面为斜面结构，所述的插孔(211)内的插座接地电极(26)的接触面也为斜面结构，且插头接地电极(111)上的斜面与插座接地电极(26)上的斜面相平行。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其特征在于：所述的插座(200)具有一个外壳(21)和一个插座基体(22)，所述的外壳(21)设于插座基体(22)上，所述的插座基体(22)内部设有两个电源电极安装位(222)、两个插座自锁部安装位(224)、一个接地电极安装位(226)和接线位(227)，其中，两个电源电极安装位(222)相对设置，两个插座自锁部安装位(224)也相对设置；或者，所述的插座基体(22)内部设有三个电源电极安装位(222)、两个插座自锁部安装位(224)、一个接地电极安装位(226)和接线位(227)，其中，三个电源电极安装位(222)中的两个相对设置，另一个电源电极安装位(222)设于该两个相对的电源电极安装位(222)连线的垂直方向上，两个插座自锁部安装位(224)相对设置；所述的插座电源电极(25)、插座自锁部(24)和插座接地电极(26)分别对应安装于电源电极安装位(222)、插座自锁部安装位(224)和接地电极安装位(226)内。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其特征在于：所述的插座(200)还包括一个浮动支撑盖(23)，所述的浮动支撑盖(23)套装于导向定位柱(221)上，其下方设有一支撑弹簧(231)，该浮动支撑盖(23)由外壳(21)限制于插孔(211)处，且可随着插头(100)的插拔在导向定位柱(221)上移动。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其特征在于：所述的插孔(211)的四周设有用于与插接栓稳固配合的筋板。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其特征在于：所述的插座自锁部(24)包括固定座(241)、锥套(242)、卡锁件(243)、自锁弹簧(245)和插板，所述的固定座(241)安装于插座基体(22)上，所述的锥套(242)嵌入固定座(241)的安装孔中，所述的卡锁件(243)设于锥套(242)内，且卡锁件(243)的前方由锥套(242)的前端锥角限位，后方由自锁弹簧(245)压紧，自锁弹簧(245)的后端抵在插入固定座(241)后端的插板上。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其特征在于：所述的固定座(241)上还设有定位槽(244)，该定位槽(244)与插座基体(22)上设置的定位柱(225)相配合定位。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其特征在于：所述的插座电源电极(25)包括电极安装座(251)、电源电极触点(253)和电源电极推顶弹簧(257)，所述的电极安装座(251)安装于插座基体(22)上设置的导滑槽内，并通过电极安装座(251) 两侧设置的挡块(255)与导滑槽两侧设置的行程限位槽(223)相配合，所述的电源电极触点(253)通过其侧边设置的卡槽(254)插配于电极安装座(251)前端设置的定位凸台(252)上，且所述的定位凸台(252)的上端设有用于防止电源电极触点(253)退出的防退勾，所述的电极安装座(251)后端设有弹簧固定柱(256)，所述的电源电极推顶弹簧(257)套装于弹簧固定柱(256)上。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的一种直插自锁式防爆电连接装置，其特征在于：所述的插座接地电极(26)包括触点定位柱(261)、接地电极触点(262)和接地电极推顶弹簧(265)，所述的触点定位柱(261)的后部通过一固定块插装于插座基体(22)上，所述的接地电极触点(262)为具有一斜面(263)的块状结构，且该接地电极触点(262)后端设有一安装孔，并通过该安装孔安装于触点定位柱(261)上，所述的接地电极推顶弹簧(265)套设于触点定位柱(261)上，且位于触点定位柱(261)的固定块与接地电极触点(262)之间，所述的接地电极触点(262)的侧边还设有用于限位的止挡块。
  14. 一种插头，其特征在于：包括一个插接栓，所述的插接栓上设有两个或两个以上的插头电源电极(121)和一个插头接地电极(111)，所述的插接栓的侧壁上还设有一个或一个以上的插头自锁部(112)，该插头自锁部(112)为圆孔或具有曲面结构的凹槽或凸点，该插头自锁部(112)与插座上设置的卡锁件(243)相配合，在插接栓的插入方向上还设有一个导向定位孔(13)。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的一种插头，其特征在于：所述的插接栓沿插入方向分为外轮廓尺寸由大到小的第一插接柱(11)和第二插接柱(12)，所述的插头接地电极(111)设于第一插接柱(11)的侧面，所述的插头电源电极(121)设于第二插接柱(12)的侧面，所述的插头自锁部(112)设于第一插接柱(11)的侧面。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的一种插头，其特征在于：所述的插头自锁部(112)的曲面结构为半球形，且所述的插头自锁部(112)在第一插接柱(11)上相对地设置两个。
  17. 根据权利要求14或15或16所述的一种插头，其特征在于：所述的插接栓上的插头电源电极(121)的接触面均为斜面结构，且该插头电源电极(121)上的斜面与插座上对应电源电极上的斜面相平行；所述的插接栓上的插头接地电极(111)的接触面也为斜面结构，且该插头接地电极(111)上的斜面与插座上对应接地电极上的斜面相平行。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的一种插头，其特征在于：所述的插接栓上还套设有一个用于防尘防水的防护罩(14)。
  19. 一种插座，包括一个插孔(211)，其特征在于：所述的插孔(211)的孔壁上设有两个或两个以上的插座电源电极(25)和一个插座接地电极(26)，所述的插孔(211)的孔壁 上还设有一个或一个以上的插座自锁部(24)，所述的插座自锁部(24)用于与插头上的插头自锁部(112)形成自锁，每个所述的插座自锁部(24)具有一个可伸缩且带有凸出或凹陷曲面结构或圆孔的卡锁件(243)，该卡锁件(243)与插头上设置的插头自锁部(112)相配合，所述的插孔(211)内还设有一个导向定位柱(221)。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的一种插座，其特征在于：所述的插座自锁部(24)在插孔(211)的孔壁上相对地设置两个，且所述的卡锁件(243)的曲面结构为半球形。
  21. 根据权利要求19或20所述的一种插座，其特征在于：所述的插孔(211)内的插座电源电极(25)的接触面均为斜面结构，且该插座电源电极(25)上的斜面与插头上对应电源电极上的斜面相平行；所述的插孔(211)内的插座接地电极(26)的接触面也为斜面结构，且插座接地电极(26)上的斜面与插头上对应接地电极上的斜面相平行。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的一种插座，其特征在于：具有一个外壳(21)和一个插座基体(22)，所述的外壳(21)设于插座基体(22)上，所述的插孔(211)设于外壳(21)中部，且插孔(211)的边缘设有缺口(212)；所述的插座基体(22)内部设有两个电源电极安装位(222)、两个插座自锁部安装位(224)、一个接地电极安装位(226)和接线位(227)，其中，两个电源电极安装位(222)相对设置，两个插座自锁部安装位(224)相对设置；或者，所述的插座基体(22)内部设有三个电源电极安装位(222)、两个插座自锁部安装位(224)、一个接地电极安装位(226)和接线位(227)，其中，三个电源电极安装位(222)中的两个相对设置，另一个电源电极安装位(222)设于该两个相对的电源电极安装位(222)连线的垂直方向上，两个插座自锁部安装位(224)相对设置；所述的插座电源电极(25)、插座自锁部(24)和插座接地电极(26)分别对应安装于电源电极安装位(222)、插座自锁部安装位(224)和接地电极安装位(226)内，所述的插座自锁部(24)固定于插座电源电极(25)的上方。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的一种插座，其特征在于：还包括一个浮动支撑盖(23)，所述的浮动支撑盖(23)套装于导向定位柱(221)上，其下方设有一支撑弹簧(231)，该浮动支撑盖(23)由外壳(21)限制于插孔(211)处，且可随着插头的插拔在导向定位柱(221)上移动。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的一种插座，其特征在于：所述的插孔(211)的四周设有用于与插接栓稳固配合的筋板。
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