WO2016184991A1 - Transport vehicle body having a sandwich structure provided with an extension forming a complimentary structure - Google Patents

Transport vehicle body having a sandwich structure provided with an extension forming a complimentary structure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016184991A1
WO2016184991A1 PCT/EP2016/061342 EP2016061342W WO2016184991A1 WO 2016184991 A1 WO2016184991 A1 WO 2016184991A1 EP 2016061342 W EP2016061342 W EP 2016061342W WO 2016184991 A1 WO2016184991 A1 WO 2016184991A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composite
panel
sandwich
roof
skin
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2016/061342
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Patrick Ricaud
Original Assignee
Airbus Defence And Space Sas
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Defence And Space Sas filed Critical Airbus Defence And Space Sas
Publication of WO2016184991A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016184991A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D29/00—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof
    • B62D29/04—Superstructures, understructures, or sub-units thereof, characterised by the material thereof predominantly of synthetic material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to crates of transport vehicles with sandwich structures and proposes the realization of a box using at least one structure such as a panel having an extension adapted to be used as a base to form an additional structure to the panel and in particular to constitute a complementary panel of reduced thickness.
  • a sandwich structure such as a sandwich composite panel is a structure comprising a first skin, a core constituted by a plate of generally low density material such as a foam, a honeycomb and a second skin, said first and second skins being solidarized to the soul on both sides of the soul.
  • Sandwich structures of the composite panel type are sandwich structures comprising skins made of a bonding material called a matrix and a reinforcing material in general in the form of fibers which sandwich a core of lightweight filler material, foam, material alveolar, material neither bee or other and which are attached to this soul.
  • the matrix retains the geometrical arrangement of the fibers and transmits them the stresses to which the panel is subjected.
  • the material obtained is thus light, has a good fatigue strength and has good mechanical properties in the direction of the fibers.
  • edges of the composite sandwich structures may be straight and in this case, the core is apparent on these edges or be terminated by a return to the skin constituted by the covering of one skin by the other skin one or both skins covering the thickness of the soul at the edge of the panel.
  • the present invention is in the case where at least one of the edges of the structure or panel comprises such a return to the skin constituting a border at this edge, this border being extended beyond.
  • the present invention is in the case where at least one of the edges of the structure or panel comprises such a return to the skin constituting a border at this edge, the panel being extended beyond the fixing edge of the panel.
  • the present invention aims to enhance structures such as composite panels and in particular to produce a semi-product comprising a panel sandwich-type material and an extension made according to the invention by a monolithic portion for producing a wall extending the structural portion.
  • the sandwich portion may in particular be intended to produce walls, for example body walls of a vehicle, whether it be a chassis, a floor, a face or the roof of such a vehicle. and the monolithic portion intended to constitute all or part of an integrated equipment.
  • the monolithic part is mainly one of the skins of the sandwich which is extended and its thickness can be variable according to the expected efforts.
  • the return to the panel edge skin is used as the basis for producing complementary structures and in this case, the structure comprises a composite sandwich panel provided with skins made of composite material and at least one edge of the panel comprises a return to the skin consisting of an extension of the skins beyond the edge of the soul, the skins being applied to one another and secured to one another to produce a monolithic complementary panel in that it does not has no soul between the skins.
  • the present invention proposes a transport vehicle body having lateral flanks and a roof and whose side flanks and roof are made by means of composite panels, characterized in that at least one of said composite panels consists of a composite structure comprising a sandwich composite panel consisting of a first skin and a second skin on either side of a core and having at least one extension of an edge of the sandwich composite panel made by a portion monolithic forming a single wall extending the sandwich composite panel said single wall forming a complementary panel of reduced thickness relative to the composite sandwich panel.
  • At least one of the flanks consists of a said composite structure and comprises an extension along part of the roof to form with said flag a longitudinal duct in the box and / or a longitudinal gutter passage of cables or ducts.
  • the horn and the flanks consist of composite structures comprising at least one extension of an edge of the composite sandwich panel made by a monolithic portion forming a single wall extending the composite sandwich panel and forming between the roof and flanks of single-walled ducts.
  • the flag is advantageously a composite structure comprising two single walls extending the sandwich composite panel of the flag on its sides facing the flanks to achieve the roof of the box.
  • the sandwich panels of the roof and flanks may comprise edges with return to the skin provided with profiles, facing each other, the fixing between the sidewalls and the roof being formed at the level of the profiles.
  • At least one of said sandwich panels advantageously comprises longitudinal inserts for fixing the single wall of a said composite structure.
  • the flag may include longitudinal inserts for suspension of a ceiling or ceiling element of the body.
  • the invention applies in particular to a train car comprising a body according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 a schematic view of the embodiment of a structure of the invention
  • FIG. 2 a schematic cross-sectional view of a first application of the invention
  • FIG. 4 a detail of FIG. 2 according to the invention
  • Figure 9 a general schematic view of the components of a vehicle body according to several aspects of the invention.
  • the object of the present invention is to make it possible to take advantage of the replacement of metal panels by composite sandwich structures in order to use the latter as a basis for providing additional functions that are possible because of their design and constitution in order to increase their valuation beyond the gain in mass they bring compared to metal structures.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a composite structure according to the principle of the invention for which a core 12 is positioned on a portion of a first skin 11 draped or arranged on a first mold portion 1000 defining zones d Thin thickness 1001, 1003 and greater thickness 1002 of the structure.
  • a second skin 10 is then deposited by layering or otherwise on the core in the thick zone 1002 and on the first skin in the areas 1001, 1003 of thin thickness.
  • the areas of thin thickness are areas where the structure has no core between the skins 10, 11 and is a monolithic panel portion.
  • this monolithic portion may not be flat and produce a variable shape piece providing a particular function as in the example shown and explained later where the part allows for a conditioned air duct or cable routing duct or pipes for example.
  • a closing part of the mold 1004 is applied to the second skin and the molding is done in a conventional manner by vacuum polymerization for example.
  • a first application of the invention as represented in FIG. 2 may especially be the production of a structure such as a floor 110 comprising a composite sandwich panel 1 consisting of a first skin 10 and a second skin 11 on the one hand. and other a core 12 which comprises at least one extension of an edge of the sandwich composite panel made by the monolithic portion forming a single wall 101 extending the sandwich composite panel laterally and in the example forming a conduit for example.
  • the single wall then forms a complementary panel of reduced thickness with respect to the sandwich composite panel and in continuity of one face of this sandwich panel.
  • the present invention has the advantage of providing continuity between the duct and the floor and to perform in a single operation the laying of the floor and his or her ducts.
  • FIG. 4 represents an enlarged detail of FIG. 2 at the level of the duct 202 made by the curved monolithic wall 101 which extends the upper face of the composite panel 1 constituted by the skins 10, 11 and the core 12.
  • the monolithic portion is formed by an extension of the two skins 10, 11 of the sandwich composite panel joined together.
  • the extension is derived from a return to the skin 17 panel edge, the skins 10, 11 being applied to one another and secured to each other to serve as a basis for the realization of said wall simple 101.
  • the top of the duct made by the single wall is fixed on the side panel 400, which is here a second composite panel, with fastening means 120 adapted, for example blind rivets.
  • the side panel 400 and the floor 110 are fixed on a longitudinal structural profile or beam shaped angle 500 and include returns to this to the skin reinforced by panel termination profiles 13 at the edge of the composite sandwich panel.
  • the two structural profiles 500 present on both sides of the body may in particular be constituted by longitudinal structural elements of the chassis such as stretcher to the right of the bogie.
  • the profiles 13 receive a row of fixing means 120a, 120d fitted between the panels and a first wing of the longitudinal structural profile while a second row of fasteners is made between the monolithic parts back to the skin and a second wing on a box portion of said profile.
  • the composite part of the panel 1 comprises longitudinal inserts
  • air ducts are often installed there when a blowing of air conditioning is provided at the bottom of the sides of the crates.
  • These inserts long type metal reported are used to feed ejecto-convectors located at the right of each bay or window.
  • a particularly bonded floor covering covers and dresses these sheaths provided with inspection and blowing grids.
  • These long-pan sheaths can also sometimes serve as a seat support, since their internal structure can ensure the required mechanical strength.
  • Classically, and in direct connection with the metal architecture of structures, these equipment and fittings are reported on the structure of metal crates by removable links or not. All these assembly operations must take into account many requirements, which can affect the costs of implementation, maintenance, and complicate the industrialization of production.
  • the ducts 201 fulfill the function of air ducts to distribute the air conditioning of the car.
  • FIG. 5 Another example of a composite structure according to the invention is shown in FIG. 5 for which a junction 130 between two returns to the head-end skin of two panels 1, is made with fastening means 120, one of the panels having an extension 111 extending the return to the skin to make a monolithic wall here making a housing 212 or a stiffener.
  • the wall-forming extension is formed by one of the skins 11 of the sandwich composite panel which extends beyond the edge of the composite sandwich panel while the second skin 10 of this panel stops at the return to the skin of the sandwich panel. fixing said panel.
  • the return to the skin 17 also forms a support and / or fixation border of the structure which is extended to form said simple wall.
  • the example of Figure 6 provides a connection of the type of Figure 5 for which a panel 300 is curved.
  • the curved panel is a structural pavilion vehicle body without extension while the panel 111 has an extension.
  • This extension comprises a first portion 106 away from the roof panel and then returns to apply on this panel to allow for a conduit 203 such as an air conditioning duct. It comprises at the end of the first part a second portion 105 shaped cable receiving gutter or pipe extending longitudinally in the vehicle body.
  • At least two composite structures 113, 114 is here the flag and the sides of a vehicle body called body faces in the railway field are each provided with a composite sandwich panel 1 and a single wall 103, 104 extending a first skin 10 of said composite sandwich panel.
  • the single wall of each of the first and second structures is applied to the second skin 11 of the sandwich composite panel of the other structures and attach thereto which solidarises the structures together.
  • the composite parts of the structures are kept at a distance and a box 201 is made between the ends of said composite sandwich panels and said single walls.
  • the monolithic panel of one of the structure is extended by a gutter 107.
  • the gutter can be reported and attach with the free end of the monolithic panel 102 on the opposite structure.
  • At least the sandwich composite panel of a first of said structures comprises at least one insert 6, 13 between its skins 10, 11, the single wall of a second of said composite structures being fixed on said insert through the second skin 11 said first of said composite structures.
  • the inserts are, on the one hand, profiles 13 at the level of the returns to the skin and profiles 6 in the heart of panels.
  • the single wall 106 of a first structure 111 is applied on one face 11 of the other 300 of the structures away from a junction portion between said structures.
  • the second 300 of the structures comprises a sandwich composite panel provided with at least one profile 6, said single wall being fixed on said profile through a skin of the composite sandwich panel of the second of the structures.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to a transport vehicle body shown diagrammatically in FIG. 9 and having lateral faces F1, F2 and a flag P and whose side flanks and flag are made by means of composite panels for which at least one one of said composite panels consists of a composite structure according to the invention as in the case of FIGS. 6 to 8.
  • At least one of the faces 111, 112, 113 consists of a said composite structure and comprises an extension 105, 106 along a part of the roof to form with said pavilion a longitudinal duct C, 201, 203 in the box and / or a longitudinal gutter 105 for the passage of cables or ducts.
  • the flag of the vehicle body is a composite structure 114 having two single walls 104 extending the sandwich composite panel of the flag on its sides facing the sidewalls or faces to achieve the roof of the box.
  • the roof sandwich panels and the faces or flanks have edges with return to the skin provided with profiles 13, facing each other, the fixing between the side flanks and the roof being formed at the level of the profiles.
  • the flag of the transport vehicle body according to Figures 6 to 8 further comprises longitudinal inserts 6 supporting a ceiling or ceiling element 310 of the body.
  • a transport vehicle body such as a train car, may combine a floor 110, longitudinal members 500 called in the railroad sector longitudinal or side support rails of the floor, sidewalls or side faces 111, 112, 113 and a roof 114 , 300 according to the examples shown in Figures 2 and 6 to 8 to form the car body of Figure 9 pre-equipped with its ventilation ducts, technical boxes and cable supports and pipes.
  • the floor is then made with at least one composite sandwich panel 1 extending laterally to the longitudinal members forming the stretchers or longitudinal members 500 and consisting of an upper skin 10 and a lower skin 11 on either side of a soul 12.
  • the sandwich composite panel comprises at least one extension 101 with double curvature formed by a monolithic portion forming a single wall.
  • This simple wall has a reduced thickness compared to the sandwich composite panel and extends the upper face of the composite sandwich panel.
  • Said single wall forms with a lower part of a side face the walls of a side box 202 inside the body.
  • the present invention is part of a search for optimization of the mass of the elements constituting a train car or other railway-type vehicle, to reduce the number of elementary parts, to make the solutions flexible, modular and standardized. , to facilitate the realization of pre-equipped subassemblies, to guarantee a good resistance to aging and corrosion of the equipment.
  • the floor structure is made in one piece of composite material, in the form of a sandwich material, but possibly in monolithic stiffened form, all or part of the sides of the vehicle body are made of sandwich composite material, but possibly in monolithic form optionally stiffened, one or two of the skins of the sandwich composite material floor are extended so as to produce a shape that is capable of fulfilling the function of aaulic duct on the side of the floor, the equipment is finalized by fasteners as much as necessary, optionally gives the floor a sound and thermal insulation capacity by choosing a suitable core for the sandwich material.
  • the cost of use of the vehicle is improved over the entire life of the product thanks in particular to easier maintenance operations.
  • Figures 2, 6-8 and 10 illustrate the case where sandwich panels have extensions of at least one of their skins to create a box able to receive the air conditioning of the car and which circulates at a speed of about 6 m / s.
  • the panels thus provide the aeraulic function of the car while also being able to perform other functions such as thermal insulation, acoustic insulation and the support of on-board equipment (seats, tablets facing each other, support columns , transverse partitions, ).
  • the structural floor 6 is for example made of a sandwich of 50 mm thick composite material consisting of longitudinal monolithic banks 10, 11 with a thickness of 6 mm ensuring the aeraulic function.
  • This floor also incorporates reinforcements 6 themselves composite of a tubular section of about 45 x 45 mm and a core material 12 thermal and acoustic insulation, for example PET foam.
  • the reinforcements 6 allow to receive fastenings of interior arrangements such as seats, shelves vis-à-vis, holding columns, transverse partitions, caissons, platforms and the mechanical interface with the primary body structure.
  • the entire floor is mechanically fixed to the support members 500, the assembly possibly forming part of a multi-material box.
  • the floor covering 600 for example, of elastomeric tiles, of heat-welded PVC or carpeting, is attached or removably affixed in the case of a carpet to the skin 10 here by covering the single-walled pipe portions 101.
  • the air-tightness of the circuit is also ensured by the interposition of hydrophobic product such as a closed-cell foam or allowing drainage of the condensation at the interface during mounting at the box, for example a product known under the reference "F800 FR ALG".
  • the ducts 201, 203 conduct the air blown by a conventional air-conditioning device in the train cars and distribute this air in the car through air vents 731 arranged in place in the ceiling 310 of the box and connected to the conduits 201, 203 by reported tubular conduits 320 inserted in openings made in the skin 106 of the ducts 201, 203.
  • the ceiling of the body is according to these examples suspended from the flag 114, 300 by rods 311 fixed on reinforcements 6 integrated in the flag.
  • FIG. 10 shows another example of application of the invention to the air-flow function and concerns the case of an intermediate floor of a two-level train box.
  • the intermediate floor 700 consists of a sandwich panel 710, 711, 712, the extension of the two skins 710, 711 to create the air flow 730 of the upper level passenger hall.
  • a third skin 713 is shaped to achieve the ceiling of the lower level passenger room and the upper side ducts 721 of this room and integrate a complementary function related to the lower room, ventilation ducts air conditioning / blowing, shutters or others.
  • the skin 713 covers the entire width of the panel 700 and is for example molded directly with the panel. It is possible, however, in the context of the invention to bring this skin back and stop on the edges of the panel for example by covering only the fastening area with the rivets 120d.
  • this type of solution makes it possible to minimize the number of rooms and the integration of the ventilation function by simultaneously treating the interiors of the intermediate floor, Ceiling of the lower room, and central lighting. , reading lights reported on the air conditioning ducts of the lower room as well as the functions of thermal insulation, sound insulation, support the floor covering 600 of the upper room, receive a ceiling covering of the lower room 601.
  • the composition of the structural floor 700 is constituted for example by a sandwich of 50 mm thick composite material with high performance comprising skins 710, 711 of 3 mm to achieve monolithic longitudinal banks of a thickness of 6 mm ensuring the function ventilation.
  • the sandwich incorporates reinforcements 6, 13 themselves composite of a tubular section of approximately (45 x 45 mm).
  • the thermal and acoustic insulating core material 712 is, for example, a PET foam such as the foam that is commercially known under the name
  • the flooring is here also made of elastomeric tiles, strips of heat-welded PVC or carpet is reported glued or removably attached in the case of a carpet of vehicles 1st class for example.
  • the sealing principles can be achieved through the use of products already referenced for the example of Figure 2 previously described.
  • This floor incorporating the treated air ducts is mechanically fixed on longitudinal banks formed by longitudinal members 800 forming stretchers or sills intermediate the lower stage and the upper floor of the sides of the body and serving as beltline on which the panels upper and lower 810, 811 faces are fixed as for the previous examples in their returns to the skin.
  • Air vents 730 are arranged in place along conduits 720 in openings of said ducts to distribute air into the car.
  • vertical openings 802 in the duct 720 make it possible to distribute the conditioned air between cover panels 801 inside the box, for example to open air along the windows of the car.
  • a ceiling covering 601 covers the underside of the intermediate floor.
  • the method of assembly of the body structure is compatible with the definition of such subassemblies so as to allow the pre-assembly of the intermediate floor before completing the assembly of the 2nd face of the vehicle.
  • connection node of this intermediate floor integrating the aeraulic circuits a particularly neat sealing is achieved via in particular the application at the interface of a sealant adapted to the most severe operating conditions (temperature, hygrometry). differential expansion, electrolytic torque aluminum / carbon skins for example).
  • the set is eventually part of a multi-material crate.
  • the invention is not limited to the examples shown and in particular the profiles 6 between the skins adapted to receive one or more fasteners of a complementary structural element may also serve as fastening means for skins or interior equipment or even seat supports in the case of the floor of Figure 2 and the intermediate floor of Figure 10.
  • the air flow is in the upper duct 720 which supplies air vents 730 which here comprise upwardly directed air slats and passages 811 to ejecto-convectors under windows of the upper floor and in the lower duct 721 which feeds high air vents 730 provided with slats directing the airflow down into the low floor.
  • air vents 730 which here comprise upwardly directed air slats and passages 811 to ejecto-convectors under windows of the upper floor and in the lower duct 721 which feeds high air vents 730 provided with slats directing the airflow down into the low floor.
  • the ducts formed between the single wall and another structure may be sealed conduits and may also incorporate thermal and / or acoustic insulation functions by their constitution.
  • the invention which is particularly applicable to the production of passenger cars, subways, trams or other vehicles in combination with a lower chassis that interfaces with bogies, is not limited to the example shown and is but can be used to make an upper fuselage of an aircraft, a bus, boxes of caravans or mobile homes (mobile home in English).
  • the longitudinal members 500 may be part of a vehicle body reinforcement belt.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a transport vehicle body comprising side flanks (F1, F2) and a roof (P). The side flanks and the roof of said transport vehicle body are made of composite panels, for which at least one of the composite panels (111, 112, 113, 300) consists of a composite structure (110, 111, 112, 113, 114) comprising a composite sandwich panel (1) that consists of a first skin (10) and a second skin (11) on both sides of a core (12) and comprises at least one composite sandwich panel edge extension produced by a one-piece portion forming a single wall (101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106) extending the composite sandwich panel. Said single wall forms a complementary panel having a smaller thickness than the composite sandwich panel (1).

Description

CAISSE DE VEHICULE DE TRANSPORT A STRUCTURE SANDWICH MUNIE D'UN PROLONGEMENT FORMANT UNE STRUCTURE COMPLEMENTAIRE  TRANSPORT VEHICLE CASE WITH A SANDWICH STRUCTURE PROVIDED WITH AN EXTENSION COMPRISING A COMPLEMENTARY STRUCTURE
Domaine de l'invention Field of the invention
La présente invention concerne les caisses de véhicules de transport à structures sandwich et propose la réalisation d'une caisse utilisant au moins une structure telle qu'un panneau comportant un prolongement adapté à être utilisé comme base pour constituer une structure supplémentaire au panneau et notamment pour constituer un panneau complémentaire d'épaisseur réduite.  The present invention relates to crates of transport vehicles with sandwich structures and proposes the realization of a box using at least one structure such as a panel having an extension adapted to be used as a base to form an additional structure to the panel and in particular to constitute a complementary panel of reduced thickness.
Une structure sandwich telle qu'un panneau composite sandwich est une structure comportant une première peau, une âme constituée par une plaque de matériau généralement de faible densité comme une mousse, un nid d'abeille et une seconde peau, lesdites première et seconde peaux étant solidarisées à l'âme de part et d'autre de l'âme. Il existe aussi des structures sandwich pour lesquelles les peaux sont un matériau tel qu'un carton et l'âme une plaque de plâtre.  A sandwich structure such as a sandwich composite panel is a structure comprising a first skin, a core constituted by a plate of generally low density material such as a foam, a honeycomb and a second skin, said first and second skins being solidarized to the soul on both sides of the soul. There are also sandwich structures for which the skins are a material such as a cardboard and the soul a plasterboard.
Les structures sandwich de type panneaux composites sont des structures sandwich comportant des peaux réalisées avec un matériau de liaison appelé matrice et d'un matériau de renfort en général sous forme de fibres qui prennent en sandwich une âme en matériau de comblement léger, mousse, matériau alvéolaire, matériau ni d'abeille ou autre et qui sont solidarisés à cette âme.  Sandwich structures of the composite panel type are sandwich structures comprising skins made of a bonding material called a matrix and a reinforcing material in general in the form of fibers which sandwich a core of lightweight filler material, foam, material alveolar, material neither bee or other and which are attached to this soul.
La matrice conserve la disposition géométrique des fibres et leur transmet les sollicitations auxquelles est soumis le panneau. Le matériau obtenu est ainsi léger, possède une bonne tenue en fatigue et possède de bonnes caractéristiques mécaniques dans le sens des fibres. The matrix retains the geometrical arrangement of the fibers and transmits them the stresses to which the panel is subjected. The material obtained is thus light, has a good fatigue strength and has good mechanical properties in the direction of the fibers.
Les bords des structures composites sandwich peuvent être droits et dans ce cas, l'âme est apparente sur ces bords ou être terminés par un retour à la peau constitué par le recouvrement d'une peau par l'autre peau une ou les deux peaux recouvrant l'épaisseur de l'âme au bord du panneau.  The edges of the composite sandwich structures may be straight and in this case, the core is apparent on these edges or be terminated by a return to the skin constituted by the covering of one skin by the other skin one or both skins covering the thickness of the soul at the edge of the panel.
Arrière plan technologique  Technological background
La présente invention se place dans le cas où au moins un des bords de la structure ou panneau comporte un tel retour à la peau constituant une bordure au niveau de ce bord, cette bordure étant prolongée au delà .  The present invention is in the case where at least one of the edges of the structure or panel comprises such a return to the skin constituting a border at this edge, this border being extended beyond.
Il est connu notamment de la demande de brevet FR15 51573 déposée le 24 février 2015 incorporée ici par référence prévoit d'utiliser le retour à la peau comme bordure de fixation de la structure ou panneau à une autre structure ou panneau.  It is known in particular from the patent application FR15 51573 filed February 24, 2015 incorporated herein by reference provides to use the return to the skin as a fastening edge of the structure or panel to another structure or panel.
La présente invention se place dans le cas où au moins un des bords de la structure ou panneau comporte un tel retour à la peau constituant une bordure au niveau de ce bord, le panneau étant prolongé au delà de la bordure de fixation du panneau.  The present invention is in the case where at least one of the edges of the structure or panel comprises such a return to the skin constituting a border at this edge, the panel being extended beyond the fixing edge of the panel.
Un point intéressant lors du remplacement de structures métalliques par des structures sandwich composites est de donner à ces dernières des fonction supplémentaires possibles du fait de leur conception et de leur constitution ce qui valorise leur usage en plus du gain de masse qu'elles apportent par rapport aux structures métalliques.  An interesting point when replacing metal structures by composite sandwich structures is to give the latter additional possible functions because of their design and their constitution which enhances their use in addition to the weight gain they bring compared to metal structures.
En effet, certains procédés de fabrication de pièces en matériaux composites se prêtent bien à la fabrication de pièces très complexes, à la fois en terme de géométrie mais aussi en termes de variation de constitution : c'est le cas des procédés utilisant des moules pour réaliser des pièces composites de forme complexe ce qui permet d'envisager de nouvelles façons d'intégrer des équipements, des supports aux pièces composites réalisées.  Indeed, some manufacturing processes of composite material parts are well suited to the manufacture of very complex parts, both in terms of geometry but also in terms of constitution variation: this is the case for processes using molds for create composite parts with a complex shape, which makes it possible to envisage new ways of integrating equipment, supports and composite parts.
Brève description de l'invention  Brief description of the invention
La présente invention a pour objet de valoriser les structures telles que les panneaux composites et notamment de réaliser un semi-produit comportant un panneau en matériau de type sandwich et un prolongement réalisé selon l'invention par une partie monolithique de réalisation d'une paroi prolongeant la partie structurale. The present invention aims to enhance structures such as composite panels and in particular to produce a semi-product comprising a panel sandwich-type material and an extension made according to the invention by a monolithic portion for producing a wall extending the structural portion.
La partie sandwich peut notamment être destinée à réaliser des parois, par exemple des parois de caisse d'un véhicule qu'il s'agisse d'un châssis, d'un plancher, d'une face ou du pavillon d'un tel véhicule et la partie monolithique destinée à constituer tout ou partie d'un équipement intégré.  The sandwich portion may in particular be intended to produce walls, for example body walls of a vehicle, whether it be a chassis, a floor, a face or the roof of such a vehicle. and the monolithic portion intended to constitute all or part of an integrated equipment.
La partie monolithique est principalement une des peaux du sandwich que l'on prolonge et son épaisseur peut être variable selon les efforts attendus.  The monolithic part is mainly one of the skins of the sandwich which is extended and its thickness can be variable according to the expected efforts.
De manière alternative il est possible de prolonger deux peaux du sandwich et de les joindre, ce qui permet ainsi d'obtenir une structure monolithique auto raidie en terminaison de panneau ou structure.  Alternatively, it is possible to extend two skins of the sandwich and to join them, which thus makes it possible to obtain a self-rigid monolithic structure in panel or structure termination.
Dans ce cas on utilise le retour à la peau de bord de panneau comme base pour la réalisation de structures complémentaires et dans ce cas, la structure comporte un panneau composite sandwich pourvu de peaux en matériau composite et au moins un bord du panneau comporte un retour à la peau constitué par un prolongement des peaux au delà du bord de l'âme, les peaux étant appliquées l'une sur l'autre et solidarisée l'une à l'autre pour réaliser un panneau complémentaire monolithique en ce qu'il ne comporte pas d'âme entre les peaux.  In this case, the return to the panel edge skin is used as the basis for producing complementary structures and in this case, the structure comprises a composite sandwich panel provided with skins made of composite material and at least one edge of the panel comprises a return to the skin consisting of an extension of the skins beyond the edge of the soul, the skins being applied to one another and secured to one another to produce a monolithic complementary panel in that it does not has no soul between the skins.
Dans ce contexte la présente invention propose une caisse de véhicule de transport comportant des flancs latéraux et un pavillon et dont les flancs latéraux et le pavillon sont réalisées au moyens de panneaux composites caractérisée en ce qu'au moins l'un desdits panneaux composites est constitué d'une structure composite comportant un panneau composite sandwich constitué d'une première peau et d'une seconde peau de part et d'autre d'une âme et comportant au moins un prolongement d'un bord du panneau composite sandwich réalisé par une partie monolithique formant une paroi simple prolongeant le panneau composite sandwich ladite paroi simple formant un panneau complémentaire d'épaisseur réduite par rapport au panneau composite sandwich.  In this context, the present invention proposes a transport vehicle body having lateral flanks and a roof and whose side flanks and roof are made by means of composite panels, characterized in that at least one of said composite panels consists of a composite structure comprising a sandwich composite panel consisting of a first skin and a second skin on either side of a core and having at least one extension of an edge of the sandwich composite panel made by a portion monolithic forming a single wall extending the sandwich composite panel said single wall forming a complementary panel of reduced thickness relative to the composite sandwich panel.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation, au moins un des flancs est constitué d'une dite structure composite et comporte un prolongement longeant une partie du pavillon pour former avec ledit pavillon un conduit longitudinal dans la caisse et/ou une gouttière longitudinale de passage de câbles ou conduits. According to a first embodiment, at least one of the flanks consists of a said composite structure and comprises an extension along part of the roof to form with said flag a longitudinal duct in the box and / or a longitudinal gutter passage of cables or ducts.
Selon un second mode de réalisation, le pavillon et les flancs sont constitués de structures composites comportant au moins un prolongement d'un bord du panneau composite sandwich réalisé par une partie monolithique formant une paroi simple prolongeant le panneau composite sandwich et formant entre le pavillon et les flancs des conduits à parois simples.  According to a second embodiment, the horn and the flanks consist of composite structures comprising at least one extension of an edge of the composite sandwich panel made by a monolithic portion forming a single wall extending the composite sandwich panel and forming between the roof and flanks of single-walled ducts.
Le pavillon est avantageusement une structure composite comportant deux parois simples prolongeant le panneau composite sandwich du pavillon sur ses côtés en regard des flancs pour réaliser le toit de la caisse.  The flag is advantageously a composite structure comprising two single walls extending the sandwich composite panel of the flag on its sides facing the flanks to achieve the roof of the box.
Les panneaux sandwich du pavillon et des flancs peuvent comporter des bords avec retour à la peau pourvus de profilés, en regard les uns des autres, la fixation entre les flancs et le pavillon étant réalisée au niveau des profilés.  The sandwich panels of the roof and flanks may comprise edges with return to the skin provided with profiles, facing each other, the fixing between the sidewalls and the roof being formed at the level of the profiles.
Au moins un desdits panneaux sandwich comporte avantageusement des inserts longitudinaux de fixation de la paroi simple d'une dite structure composite.  At least one of said sandwich panels advantageously comprises longitudinal inserts for fixing the single wall of a said composite structure.
Le pavillon peut notamment comporter des inserts longitudinaux de suspension d'un plafond ou élément de plafond de la caisse.  The flag may include longitudinal inserts for suspension of a ceiling or ceiling element of the body.
L'invention s'applique en particulier à une voiture de train comportant une caisse selon l'invention.  The invention applies in particular to a train car comprising a body according to the invention.
Brève description des dessins  Brief description of the drawings
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront apparents à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un exemple non limitatif de réalisation de l'invention en référence aux dessins qui représentent:  Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the following description of a nonlimiting exemplary embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawings which represent:
en figure 1: une vue schématique de la réalisation d'une structure de l'invention;  in Figure 1: a schematic view of the embodiment of a structure of the invention;
en figure 2: une vue schématique en coupe transversale d'une première application de l'invention;  in Figure 2: a schematic cross-sectional view of a first application of the invention;
en figure 3: un détail d'un caisson de l'art antérieur;  in Figure 3: a detail of a box of the prior art;
en figure 4: un détail de la figure 2 selon l'invention;  in FIG. 4: a detail of FIG. 2 according to the invention;
en figure 5: une vue schématique en coupe transversale d'une deuxième application de l'invention; aux figures 6 à 8: des vues en coupe transversale des variantes d'une troisième application de l'invention; in Figure 5: a schematic cross-sectional view of a second application of the invention; in Figures 6 to 8: cross-sectional views of the variants of a third application of the invention;
en figure 9: une vue schématique générale des constituants d'une caisse de véhicule selon plusieurs aspects de l'invention.  in Figure 9: a general schematic view of the components of a vehicle body according to several aspects of the invention.
en figure 10: un autre exemple d'application de l'invention en coupe transversale.  in Figure 10: another example of application of the invention in cross section.
Description détaillée de modes de réalisation de l'invention  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
Comme vu plus haut, la présente invention a pour but de permettre de profiter du remplacement de panneaux métalliques par des structures sandwich composites pour utiliser ces dernières comme base pour apporter des fonctions supplémentaires possibles du fait de leur conception et de leur constitution afin d'accroître leur valorisation au delà du gain de masse qu'elles apportent par rapport aux structures métalliques.  As seen above, the object of the present invention is to make it possible to take advantage of the replacement of metal panels by composite sandwich structures in order to use the latter as a basis for providing additional functions that are possible because of their design and constitution in order to increase their valuation beyond the gain in mass they bring compared to metal structures.
Ceci est rendu possible dans le cadre du moulage de pièces composites qui permet de disposer par exemple des parties d'âme de manière discontinue sur une première peau puis de déposer une seconde peau tant sur les parties d'âmes que sur la première peau aux endroits dépourvus des dites parties d'âme.  This is made possible in the context of the molding of composite parts which makes it possible, for example, to have portions of the core discontinuously on a first skin and then to deposit a second skin both on the parts of the souls and on the first skin where deprived of said soul parts.
La figure 1 illustre un exemple de réalisation d'une structure composite selon le principe de l'invention pour lequel une âme 12 est positionnée sur une partie d'une première peau 11 drapée ou disposée sur une première partie de moule 1000 définissant des zones d'épaisseur fine 1001, 1003 et d'épaisseur plus importante 1002 de la structure.  FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a composite structure according to the principle of the invention for which a core 12 is positioned on a portion of a first skin 11 draped or arranged on a first mold portion 1000 defining zones d Thin thickness 1001, 1003 and greater thickness 1002 of the structure.
Une seconde peau 10 est ensuite déposée par drapage ou autre sur l'âme dans la zone de forte épaisseur 1002 et sur la première peau dans les zones 1001, 1003 d'épaisseur fine.  A second skin 10 is then deposited by layering or otherwise on the core in the thick zone 1002 and on the first skin in the areas 1001, 1003 of thin thickness.
Les zones d'épaisseur fine sont des zones où la structure ne comporte pas d'âme entre les peaux 10, 11 et est une partie de panneau monolithique.  The areas of thin thickness are areas where the structure has no core between the skins 10, 11 and is a monolithic panel portion.
Comme représenté, cette partie monolithique peut ne pas être plane et réaliser une pièce de forme variable assurant une fonction particulière comme dans l'exemple représenté et expliqué plus loin où la pièce permet de réaliser un conduit d'air conditionné ou une gaine routage de câble ou de tuyauteries par exemple. Une partie de fermeture du moule 1004 est appliquée sur la seconde peau et le moulage se fait de manière traditionnelle par polymérisation sous vide par exemple. As shown, this monolithic portion may not be flat and produce a variable shape piece providing a particular function as in the example shown and explained later where the part allows for a conditioned air duct or cable routing duct or pipes for example. A closing part of the mold 1004 is applied to the second skin and the molding is done in a conventional manner by vacuum polymerization for example.
Une première application de l'invention telle que représentée en figure 2 peut notamment être la réalisation d'une structure telle qu'un plancher 110 comportant un panneau composite sandwich 1 constitué d'une première peau 10 et d'une seconde peau 11 de part et d'autre d'une âme 12 qui comporte au moins un prolongement d'un bord du panneau composite sandwich réalisé par la partie monolithique formant une paroi simple 101 prolongeant le panneau composite sandwich latéralement et dans l'exemple réalisant un conduit par exemple.  A first application of the invention as represented in FIG. 2 may especially be the production of a structure such as a floor 110 comprising a composite sandwich panel 1 consisting of a first skin 10 and a second skin 11 on the one hand. and other a core 12 which comprises at least one extension of an edge of the sandwich composite panel made by the monolithic portion forming a single wall 101 extending the sandwich composite panel laterally and in the example forming a conduit for example.
La paroi simple forme alors un panneau complémentaire d'épaisseur réduite par rapport au panneau composite sandwich et en continuité d'une face de ce panneau sandwich.  The single wall then forms a complementary panel of reduced thickness with respect to the sandwich composite panel and in continuity of one face of this sandwich panel.
Par rapport à un art antérieur pour lequel un conduit est réalisé par une tôle CA fixée sur un panneau latéral Pai et un plancher Pli comme représenté en figure 3, la présente invention a pour avantage de réaliser une continuité entre le conduit et le plancher et de réaliser en une seule opération la pose du plancher et de son ou de ses conduits. With respect to a prior art for which a duct is made by a sheet C A attached to a side panel Pai and a floor Pli as shown in FIG. 3, the present invention has the advantage of providing continuity between the duct and the floor and to perform in a single operation the laying of the floor and his or her ducts.
La figure 4 représente un détail agrandi de la figure 2 au niveau du conduit 202 réalisé par la paroi monolithique incurvée 101 qui prolonge la face supérieure du panneau composite 1 constitué avec les peaux 10, 11 et l'âme 12.  FIG. 4 represents an enlarged detail of FIG. 2 at the level of the duct 202 made by the curved monolithic wall 101 which extends the upper face of the composite panel 1 constituted by the skins 10, 11 and the core 12.
Dans cette exemple, la partie monolithique est réalisée par un prolongement des deux peaux 10, 11 du panneau composite sandwich jointes ensemble.  In this example, the monolithic portion is formed by an extension of the two skins 10, 11 of the sandwich composite panel joined together.
Le prolongement est issu d'un retour à la peau 17 de bord de panneau, les peaux 10, 11 étant appliquées l'une sur l'autre et solidarisée l'une à l'autre pour servir de base pour la réalisation de ladite paroi simple 101.  The extension is derived from a return to the skin 17 panel edge, the skins 10, 11 being applied to one another and secured to each other to serve as a basis for the realization of said wall simple 101.
Le haut du conduit réalisé par la paroi simple se fixe sur le panneau latéral 400, qui est ici un second panneau composite, avec des moyens de fixation 120 adaptés, par exemple des rivets aveugles.  The top of the duct made by the single wall is fixed on the side panel 400, which is here a second composite panel, with fastening means 120 adapted, for example blind rivets.
Le panneau latéral 400 et le plancher 110 se fixent sur un profil structural longitudinal ou poutre en forme de cornière 500 et comportent pour ce faire des retours à la peau renforcés par des profilés 13 de terminaison de panneau en bord du panneau composite sandwich. The side panel 400 and the floor 110 are fixed on a longitudinal structural profile or beam shaped angle 500 and include returns to this to the skin reinforced by panel termination profiles 13 at the edge of the composite sandwich panel.
Les deux profils structuraux 500 présents sur les deux côtés de la caisse peuvent notamment être constitué par des éléments structurels longitudinaux du châssis tels que des brancard au droit du bogie.  The two structural profiles 500 present on both sides of the body may in particular be constituted by longitudinal structural elements of the chassis such as stretcher to the right of the bogie.
Les profilés 13 reçoivent une rangée de moyens de fixation 120a, 120d adaptés entre les panneaux et une première aile du profil structural longitudinal alors qu'une seconde rangée de fixations est réalisée entre les parties monolithiques de retour à la peau et une seconde aile sur une partie en caisson dudit profil.  The profiles 13 receive a row of fixing means 120a, 120d fitted between the panels and a first wing of the longitudinal structural profile while a second row of fasteners is made between the monolithic parts back to the skin and a second wing on a box portion of said profile.
Pour sa part, la partie composite du panneau 1 comporte des inserts longitudinaux For its part, the composite part of the panel 1 comprises longitudinal inserts
6de renfort ou de fixation d'accessoires ou dans le cas d'un plancher d'une caisse de voiture ferroviaire ou d'autocar de fixations de sièges par exemple. 6 reinforcement or attachment of accessories or in the case of a floor of a rail car body or bus seat fasteners for example.
Concernant plus particulièrement les planchers des voitures de train notamment, on y trouve souvent installées des gaines aérauliques lorsqu'un soufflage d'air conditionné est prévu en bas des faces des caisses. Ces gaines de type long pan métalliques rapportées servent à alimenter des éjecto-convecteurs se situant au droit de chaque baie ou fenêtre. Un revêtement de sol notamment collé couvre et habille ces gaines munies de grilles d'inspection et de soufflage. Ces gaines long pan peuvent aussi parfois servir de support de sièges, dès lors que leur structure intérieure peut en assurer la résistance mécanique requise. Classiquement, et en lien direct avec l'architecture métallique des structures, ces équipements et aménagements sont rapportés sur la structure des caisses métalliques par des liaisons démontables ou non. Toutes ces opérations d'assemblages doivent prendre en compte nombre d'exigences, ce qui peut grever les coûts de réalisation, de maintenance, et compliquer l'industrialisation des productions.  With particular regard to the floors of the train cars in particular, air ducts are often installed there when a blowing of air conditioning is provided at the bottom of the sides of the crates. These inserts long type metal reported are used to feed ejecto-convectors located at the right of each bay or window. A particularly bonded floor covering covers and dresses these sheaths provided with inspection and blowing grids. These long-pan sheaths can also sometimes serve as a seat support, since their internal structure can ensure the required mechanical strength. Classically, and in direct connection with the metal architecture of structures, these equipment and fittings are reported on the structure of metal crates by removable links or not. All these assembly operations must take into account many requirements, which can affect the costs of implementation, maintenance, and complicate the industrialization of production.
Dans l'exemple de la figure 2, les conduits 201 remplissent la fonction des gaines aérauliques pour distribuer l'air de la climatisation de la voiture.  In the example of Figure 2, the ducts 201 fulfill the function of air ducts to distribute the air conditioning of the car.
Un autre exemple de structure composite selon l'invention est représenté à la figure 5 pour laquelle une jonction 130 entre deux retours à la peau tête bêches de deux panneaux 1, l' est réalisée avec des moyens de fixation 120, un des panneaux comportant un prolongement 111 prolongeant le retour à la peau pour réaliser une paroi monolithique réalisant ici un caisson 212 ou un raidisseur. Another example of a composite structure according to the invention is shown in FIG. 5 for which a junction 130 between two returns to the head-end skin of two panels 1, is made with fastening means 120, one of the panels having an extension 111 extending the return to the skin to make a monolithic wall here making a housing 212 or a stiffener.
Dans cet exemple le prolongement formant la paroi est réalisée par une des peaux 11 du panneau composite sandwich qui se prolonge au delà du bord du panneau composite sandwich alors que la seconde peau 10 de ce panneau s'arrête au niveau du retour à la peau de fixation dudit panneau.  In this example, the wall-forming extension is formed by one of the skins 11 of the sandwich composite panel which extends beyond the edge of the composite sandwich panel while the second skin 10 of this panel stops at the return to the skin of the sandwich panel. fixing said panel.
Dans les cas des figures 4 et 5, le retour à la peau 17 forme aussi une bordure d'appui et/ou de fixation de la structure qui est prolongée pour former ladite paroi simple.  In the cases of FIGS. 4 and 5, the return to the skin 17 also forms a support and / or fixation border of the structure which is extended to form said simple wall.
L'exemple de la figure 6 prévoit une liaison du type de la figure 5 pour laquelle un panneau 300 est courbe. Selon cet exemple, le panneau courbe constitue un pavillon structurel de caisse de véhicule sans prolongement alors que le panneau 111 comporte un prolongement. Ce prolongement comporte une première partie 106 s'éloignant du panneau de pavillon puis revient s'appliquer sur ce panneau pour permettre de réaliser un conduit 203 tel qu'un conduit de climatisation. Il comporte au de la de la première partie une seconde partie 105 conformée en gouttière de réception de câbles ou d'une tuyauterie s'étendant longitudinalement dans la caisse du véhicule.  The example of Figure 6 provides a connection of the type of Figure 5 for which a panel 300 is curved. According to this example, the curved panel is a structural pavilion vehicle body without extension while the panel 111 has an extension. This extension comprises a first portion 106 away from the roof panel and then returns to apply on this panel to allow for a conduit 203 such as an air conditioning duct. It comprises at the end of the first part a second portion 105 shaped cable receiving gutter or pipe extending longitudinally in the vehicle body.
D'autres applications sont possibles pour les prolongement qui seront conformés en conséquence.  Other applications are possible for extensions that will be shaped accordingly.
Dans l'exemple de la figure 7 au moins deux structures composites 113, 114 soit ici le pavillon et les côtés d'une caisse de véhicule appelés faces de la caisse dans le domaine ferroviaire sont pourvues chacune d'un panneau composite sandwich 1 et d'une paroi simple 103, 104 prolongeant une première peau 10 dudit panneau composite sandwich. La paroi simple de chacune des première et seconde structures vient s'appliquer sur la seconde peau 11 du panneau composite sandwich de l'autre des structures et s'y fixer ce qui solidarise les structures ensemble.  In the example of Figure 7 at least two composite structures 113, 114 is here the flag and the sides of a vehicle body called body faces in the railway field are each provided with a composite sandwich panel 1 and a single wall 103, 104 extending a first skin 10 of said composite sandwich panel. The single wall of each of the first and second structures is applied to the second skin 11 of the sandwich composite panel of the other structures and attach thereto which solidarises the structures together.
De la sorte les parties composites des structures sont tenues à distance et un caisson 201 est réalisé entre les terminaison desdits panneaux composites sandwich et lesdites parois simples. Dans le cas de la figure 8, le panneau monolithique d'une des structure se prolonge par une gouttière 107. De manière alternative, la gouttière peut être rapportée et se fixer avec l'extrémité libre du panneau monolithique 102 sur la structure opposée. In this way the composite parts of the structures are kept at a distance and a box 201 is made between the ends of said composite sandwich panels and said single walls. In the case of Figure 8, the monolithic panel of one of the structure is extended by a gutter 107. Alternatively, the gutter can be reported and attach with the free end of the monolithic panel 102 on the opposite structure.
Au moins le panneau composite sandwich d'une première desdites structures comporte au moins un insert 6, 13 entre ses peaux 10, 11, la paroi simple d'une seconde desdites structures composites venant se fixer sur ledit insert au travers de la seconde peau 11 de ladite première desdites structures composites.  At least the sandwich composite panel of a first of said structures comprises at least one insert 6, 13 between its skins 10, 11, the single wall of a second of said composite structures being fixed on said insert through the second skin 11 said first of said composite structures.
Dans le cas des figures 6 à 8 notamment, les inserts sont d'une part des profilés 13 au niveau des retours à la peau et des profilés 6 en cœur de panneaux.  In the case of FIGS. 6 to 8 in particular, the inserts are, on the one hand, profiles 13 at the level of the returns to the skin and profiles 6 in the heart of panels.
Pour la figure 6, la paroi simple 106 d'une première structure 111 vient s'appliquer sur une face 11 de l'autre 300 des structures à distance d'une partie de jonction entre lesdites structures.  For Figure 6, the single wall 106 of a first structure 111 is applied on one face 11 of the other 300 of the structures away from a junction portion between said structures.
La seconde 300 des structures comporte un panneau composite sandwich pourvu d'au moins un profilé 6, ladite paroi simple venant se fixer sur ledit profilé au travers d'une peau du panneau composite sandwich de la seconde des structures.  The second 300 of the structures comprises a sandwich composite panel provided with at least one profile 6, said single wall being fixed on said profile through a skin of the composite sandwich panel of the second of the structures.
L'invention s'applique particulièrement à une caisse de véhicule de transport schématisée en figure 9 et comportant des faces latérales Fl, F2 et un pavillon P et dont les flancs latéraux et le pavillon sont réalisées au moyens de panneaux composites pour laquelle au moins l'un desdits panneaux composites est constitué d'une structure composite selon l'invention comme dans le cas des figures 6 à 8.  The invention is particularly applicable to a transport vehicle body shown diagrammatically in FIG. 9 and having lateral faces F1, F2 and a flag P and whose side flanks and flag are made by means of composite panels for which at least one one of said composite panels consists of a composite structure according to the invention as in the case of FIGS. 6 to 8.
Dans ce cas, au moins l'une des faces 111, 112, 113 est constitué d'une dite structure composite et comporte un prolongement 105, 106 longeant une partie du pavillon pour former avec ledit pavillon un conduit longitudinal C, 201, 203 dans la caisse et/ou une gouttière longitudinale 105 de passage de câbles ou de conduits.  In this case, at least one of the faces 111, 112, 113 consists of a said composite structure and comprises an extension 105, 106 along a part of the roof to form with said pavilion a longitudinal duct C, 201, 203 in the box and / or a longitudinal gutter 105 for the passage of cables or ducts.
II est possible ainsi de former entre le pavillon et les faces des conduits 201 à parois simples comme en figure 7 ou des conduits dont une paroi est une partie de panneau composite 300 et l'autre paroi une paroi simple 106 comme en figure 6.  It is thus possible to form between the flag and the faces of the single-walled conduits 201 as in FIG. 7 or ducts whose one wall is a composite panel portion 300 and the other wall a single wall 106 as in FIG.
Dans le cas des figures 7 et 8, le pavillon de la caisse de véhicule est une structure composite 114 comportant deux parois simples 104 prolongeant le panneaux composite sandwich du pavillon sur ses côtés en regard des flancs ou faces pour réaliser le toit de la caisse. Les panneaux sandwich du pavillon et les faces ou flancs comportent des bords avec retour à la peau pourvus de profilés 13, en regard les uns des autres, la fixation entre les flancs faces et le pavillon étant réalisée au niveau des profilés. In the case of Figures 7 and 8, the flag of the vehicle body is a composite structure 114 having two single walls 104 extending the sandwich composite panel of the flag on its sides facing the sidewalls or faces to achieve the roof of the box. The roof sandwich panels and the faces or flanks have edges with return to the skin provided with profiles 13, facing each other, the fixing between the side flanks and the roof being formed at the level of the profiles.
Le pavillon de la caisse de véhicule de transport selon les figures 6 à 8 comporte en outre des inserts longitudinaux 6 de support d'un plafond ou élément de plafond 310 de la caisse.  The flag of the transport vehicle body according to Figures 6 to 8 further comprises longitudinal inserts 6 supporting a ceiling or ceiling element 310 of the body.
Une caisse de véhicule de transport comme une voiture de train peut combiner un plancher 110, des longerons 500 appelés dans le domaine ferroviaire brancards ou longrines de support de bords latéraux du plancher, des flancs ou faces latérales 111, 112, 113 et un pavillon 114, 300 selon les exemples représentés aux figures 2 et 6 à 8 pour constituer la caisse de voiture de la figure 9 pré-équipée de ses conduits de ventilation, caissons techniques et supports de câbles et tuyauteries.  A transport vehicle body, such as a train car, may combine a floor 110, longitudinal members 500 called in the railroad sector longitudinal or side support rails of the floor, sidewalls or side faces 111, 112, 113 and a roof 114 , 300 according to the examples shown in Figures 2 and 6 to 8 to form the car body of Figure 9 pre-equipped with its ventilation ducts, technical boxes and cable supports and pipes.
Le plancher est réalisé alors avec au moins un panneau composite sandwich 1 s'étendant latéralement jusqu'aux longerons formant les brancards ou longrines 500 et constitué d'une peau supérieure 10 et d'une peau inférieure 11 de part et d'autre d'une âme 12.  The floor is then made with at least one composite sandwich panel 1 extending laterally to the longitudinal members forming the stretchers or longitudinal members 500 and consisting of an upper skin 10 and a lower skin 11 on either side of a soul 12.
Le panneau composite sandwich comporte au moins un prolongement 101 à double courbure réalisé par une partie monolithique formant une paroi simple. Cette paroi simple possède une épaisseur réduite par rapport au panneau composite sandwich et prolonge la face supérieure du panneau composite sandwich.  The sandwich composite panel comprises at least one extension 101 with double curvature formed by a monolithic portion forming a single wall. This simple wall has a reduced thickness compared to the sandwich composite panel and extends the upper face of the composite sandwich panel.
Ladite paroi simple forme avec une partie inférieure d'une face latérale les parois d'un caisson latéral 202 à l'intérieur de la caisse.  Said single wall forms with a lower part of a side face the walls of a side box 202 inside the body.
La présente invention se place dans le cadre de d'une recherche d'optimisation de la masse des éléments constituant une voiture de train ou autre véhicule de type ferroviaire, de réduire le nombre de pièces élémentaires, de rendre les solutions flexibles, modulaires et standardisées, de faciliter la réalisation de sous ensembles pré-équipés, de garantir une bonne tenue au vieillissement et à la corrosion du matériel.  The present invention is part of a search for optimization of the mass of the elements constituting a train car or other railway-type vehicle, to reduce the number of elementary parts, to make the solutions flexible, modular and standardized. , to facilitate the realization of pre-equipped subassemblies, to guarantee a good resistance to aging and corrosion of the equipment.
pour fabriquer la voiture, on réalise la structure du plancher en une seule pièce en matériau composite, sous forme de matériau sandwich, mais éventuellement sous forme monolithique raidie, on réalise tout ou partie des faces de la caisse du véhicule en matériau composite sandwich, mais éventuellement sous forme monolithique éventuellement raidie, on prolonge une ou deux des peaux du plancher en matériau composite sandwich de façon à réaliser une forme apte à remplir la fonction de conduit aéraulique sur les côté du plancher, on finalise les équipements par des fixations autant que nécessaire, éventuellement, on donne au plancher une capacité d'isolation phonique et thermique en choisissant une âme adaptée pour le matériau sandwich. to manufacture the car, the floor structure is made in one piece of composite material, in the form of a sandwich material, but possibly in monolithic stiffened form, all or part of the sides of the vehicle body are made of sandwich composite material, but possibly in monolithic form optionally stiffened, one or two of the skins of the sandwich composite material floor are extended so as to produce a shape that is capable of fulfilling the function of aaulic duct on the side of the floor, the equipment is finalized by fasteners as much as necessary, optionally gives the floor a sound and thermal insulation capacity by choosing a suitable core for the sandwich material.
Ce faisant, on diminue le nombre de pièces constituant la structure de caisse et les équipements, facilitant ainsi leur montage, leur coût et les frais logistiques et de maintenance associés, et permettant aussi le pré équipement du plancher, lui assurant ainsi la possibilité d'intégrer des fonctions périphériques telles qu'en particulier gaine de ventilation, revêtement de sol, support d'équipements (sièges, tablettes,...)  In doing so, it reduces the number of parts constituting the body structure and equipment, facilitating their assembly, their cost and associated logistics and maintenance costs, and also allowing the pre-equipment floor, thus ensuring the possibility of integrate peripheral functions such as ventilation ducts, flooring, equipment support (seats, shelves, etc.)
D'autre part, le coût d'usage du véhicule se trouve amélioré sur toute la durée de vie du produit grâce en particulier à des opérations de maintenance facilitées.  On the other hand, the cost of use of the vehicle is improved over the entire life of the product thanks in particular to easier maintenance operations.
Dans le cadre de ce qui précède, les exemples des figures 2, 6-8 et 10 illustrent le cas de figure où des panneaux sandwich comportent des prolongements d'au moins une de leurs peaux permet de créer un caisson à même de recevoir l'air conditionné de la voiture et qui circule à une vitesse d'environ 6 m/s. Les panneaux assurent ainsi la fonction aéraulique de la voiture en pouvant en outre réaliser d'autres fonctions telles qu'une isolation thermique, une isolation acoustique et le support d'équipements embarqués (sièges, tablettes en vis-à-vis, colonnes de maintien, cloisons transversales, ...).  In the context of the above, the examples of Figures 2, 6-8 and 10 illustrate the case where sandwich panels have extensions of at least one of their skins to create a box able to receive the air conditioning of the car and which circulates at a speed of about 6 m / s. The panels thus provide the aeraulic function of the car while also being able to perform other functions such as thermal insulation, acoustic insulation and the support of on-board equipment (seats, tablets facing each other, support columns , transverse partitions, ...).
Dans le cas de la figure 2, le plancher structurel 6 est par exemple constitué d'un sandwich de 50 mm d'épaisseur en matériau composite constitué de rives longitudinales monolithiques 10, 11 d'une épaisseur de 6 mm assurant la fonction aéraulique.  In the case of Figure 2, the structural floor 6 is for example made of a sandwich of 50 mm thick composite material consisting of longitudinal monolithic banks 10, 11 with a thickness of 6 mm ensuring the aeraulic function.
Ce plancher intègre par ailleurs des renforts 6 eux-mêmes composite d'une section tubulaire d'environ 45 x 45 mm et un matériau d'âme 12 isolant thermique et acoustique, par exemple en mousse PET.  This floor also incorporates reinforcements 6 themselves composite of a tubular section of about 45 x 45 mm and a core material 12 thermal and acoustic insulation, for example PET foam.
Les renforts 6 permettent de recevoir des fixations d'aménagements intérieurs tels que des sièges, tablettes en vis-à-vis, colonnes de maintien, cloisons transversales, caissons, estrades et l'interface mécanique avec la structure primaire de caisse.  The reinforcements 6 allow to receive fastenings of interior arrangements such as seats, shelves vis-à-vis, holding columns, transverse partitions, caissons, platforms and the mechanical interface with the primary body structure.
L'ensemble de ce plancher est fixé mécaniquement sur les longerons support 500, l'ensemble faisant éventuellement partie intégrante d'une caisse multi matériaux. Le revêtement de sol 600 par exemple en dalles élastomère, lés en PVC thermo- soudés ou moquette est rapporté collé ou fixé de manière amovible dans le cas d'une moquette sur la peau 10 ici en recouvrant les parties de conduit en paroi simple 101. The entire floor is mechanically fixed to the support members 500, the assembly possibly forming part of a multi-material box. The floor covering 600, for example, of elastomeric tiles, of heat-welded PVC or carpeting, is attached or removably affixed in the case of a carpet to the skin 10 here by covering the single-walled pipe portions 101.
L'étanchéité de ce revêtement de sol est assurée par l'intermédiaire d'un produit adapté aux sujétions de maintenance du ferroviaire, par exemple la résistance aux produits lessiviels à base d'acide oxalique dilué est par exemple.  The watertightness of this flooring is ensured by means of a product adapted to railway maintenance requirements, for example the resistance to detergents based on dilute oxalic acid is for example.
L'étanchéité des liaisons à la source, notamment dans le cas de revêtement de sol discontinu comme des dalles élastomère est privilégiée, ainsi qu'au niveau de tous les interfaces source d'infiltration potentiels, par exemple les fixations de sièges.  The tightness of the connections at the source, especially in the case of discontinuous flooring such as elastomeric tiles is preferred, as well as at all potential infiltration source interfaces, for example seat fasteners.
L'étanchéité aéraulique du circuit est par ailleurs assurée par interposition de produit hydrophobe comme une mousse à cellules fermées ou permettant un drainage de la condensation à l'interface lors du montage en caisse, par exemple un produit connu sous la référence « F800 FR ALG-01 drain » de la société CELLOFOAM ayant par ailleurs un excellent classement Feu / Fumées / Toxicité selon normes EN 45.545-2 (classification HL3-R1), FMVSS 302, DIN 75 200, ISO 3795 (vitesse de brûlage - 100 mm/mn).  The air-tightness of the circuit is also ensured by the interposition of hydrophobic product such as a closed-cell foam or allowing drainage of the condensation at the interface during mounting at the box, for example a product known under the reference "F800 FR ALG". -01 drain "of the company CELLOFOAM having also an excellent classification Fire / Smoke / Toxicity according to the standards EN 45.545-2 (classification HL3-R1), FMVSS 302, DIN 75 200, ISO 3795 (burning speed - 100 mm / mn ).
Dans le cas des figures 6 à 8, les conduits 201, 203 conduisent l'air soufflé par un dispositif de climatisation traditionnel dans les voitures de train et distribuent cet air dans la voiture par des bouches d'aération 731 disposées de place en place dans le plafond 310 de la caisse et reliées aux conduits 201, 203 par des conduits tubulaires rapportés 320 s'insérant dans des ouvertures réalisées dans la peau 106 des conduits 201, 203.  In the case of FIGS. 6 to 8, the ducts 201, 203 conduct the air blown by a conventional air-conditioning device in the train cars and distribute this air in the car through air vents 731 arranged in place in the ceiling 310 of the box and connected to the conduits 201, 203 by reported tubular conduits 320 inserted in openings made in the skin 106 of the ducts 201, 203.
Le plafond de la caisse est selon ces exemples suspendu au pavillon 114, 300 par des tiges 311 fixées sur des renforts 6 intégrés dans le pavillon.  The ceiling of the body is according to these examples suspended from the flag 114, 300 by rods 311 fixed on reinforcements 6 integrated in the flag.
La figure 10 présente un autre exemple d'application de l'invention à la fonction aéraulique et concerne le cas de figure d'un plancher intermédiaire d'une caisse de train à deux niveaux.  FIG. 10 shows another example of application of the invention to the air-flow function and concerns the case of an intermediate floor of a two-level train box.
Selon cet exemple, le plancher intermédiaire 700 est constitué d'un panneau sandwich 710, 711, 712 dont le prolongement des deux peaux 710, 711 permet de créer le circuit aéraulique 730 de la salle voyageur de niveau supérieur.  According to this example, the intermediate floor 700 consists of a sandwich panel 710, 711, 712, the extension of the two skins 710, 711 to create the air flow 730 of the upper level passenger hall.
Dans cet exemple une troisième peau 713 est conformée pour réaliser le plafond de la salle voyageur de niveau inférieur et des conduits latéraux supérieurs 721 de cette salle et d'y intégrer une fonction complémentaire liée à la salle basse, conduits aérauliques de l'air conditionné / soufflage, volets ou autres. In this example a third skin 713 is shaped to achieve the ceiling of the lower level passenger room and the upper side ducts 721 of this room and integrate a complementary function related to the lower room, ventilation ducts air conditioning / blowing, shutters or others.
Selon l'exemple représenté la peau 713 recouvre toute la largeur du panneau 700 et est par exemple moulée directement avec le panneau. Il est possible toutefois dans le cadre de l'invention de rapporter cette peau et de l'arrêter sur les bords du panneau par exemple en recouvrant uniquement la zone de fixation avec les rivets 120d.  In the example shown, the skin 713 covers the entire width of the panel 700 and is for example molded directly with the panel. It is possible, however, in the context of the invention to bring this skin back and stop on the edges of the panel for example by covering only the fastening area with the rivets 120d.
Comme pour l'exemple de configuration défini en figure 2, ce type de solution permet de minimiser le nombre de pièces et l'intégration de la fonction aéraulique car traitant en même temps les aménagements intérieurs plancher intermédiaire, Plafond de la salle basse, luminaire central, liseuses rapportées sur les gaines d'air conditionné de la salle inférieure ainsi que les fonctions d'isolation thermique, d'isolation acoustique, supporter le revêtement de sol 600 de la salle haute, recevoir un revêtement de plafond de la salle basse 601.  As for the configuration example defined in FIG. 2, this type of solution makes it possible to minimize the number of rooms and the integration of the ventilation function by simultaneously treating the interiors of the intermediate floor, Ceiling of the lower room, and central lighting. , reading lights reported on the air conditioning ducts of the lower room as well as the functions of thermal insulation, sound insulation, support the floor covering 600 of the upper room, receive a ceiling covering of the lower room 601.
La composition du plancher structurel 700 est constituée par exemple par un sandwich de 50 mm d'épaisseur en matériau composite à hautes performances comportant des peaux 710, 711 de 3 mm pour réaliser des rives longitudinales monolithiques d'une épaisseur de 6 mm assurant la fonction aéraulique. Le sandwich intègre des renforts 6, 13 eux-mêmes composite d'une section tubulaire d'environ (45 x 45 mm).  The composition of the structural floor 700 is constituted for example by a sandwich of 50 mm thick composite material with high performance comprising skins 710, 711 of 3 mm to achieve monolithic longitudinal banks of a thickness of 6 mm ensuring the function ventilation. The sandwich incorporates reinforcements 6, 13 themselves composite of a tubular section of approximately (45 x 45 mm).
Le matériau d'âme 712 isolant thermique et acoustique est par exemple une mousse PET telle que la mousse commercialement connue sous la dénomination The thermal and acoustic insulating core material 712 is, for example, a PET foam such as the foam that is commercially known under the name
Armaform AC80(W) de la société Armacell. Armaform AC80 (W) from the company Armacell.
Le revêtement de sol est ici aussi réalisé en dalles élastomère, lés en PVC thermo- soudés ou moquette est rapporté collé ou fixé de manière démontable dans le cas d'une moquette de véhicules de 1° classe par exemple. Les principes d'étanchéité peuvent être réalisés grâce à l'usage des produits déjà référencés pour l'exemple de la figure 2 précédemment décrit.  The flooring is here also made of elastomeric tiles, strips of heat-welded PVC or carpet is reported glued or removably attached in the case of a carpet of vehicles 1st class for example. The sealing principles can be achieved through the use of products already referenced for the example of Figure 2 previously described.
L'ensemble de ce plancher intégrant les conduits d'air traité est fixé mécaniquement sur des rives longitudinales formées par des longerons 800 formant des brancards ou longrines intermédiaires entre l'étage inférieur et l'étage supérieur des faces de la caisse et faisant office de ceinture de caisse sur laquelle les panneaux supérieur et inférieur 810, 811 des faces sont fixés comme pour les exemples précédents au niveau de leurs retours à la peau. The whole of this floor incorporating the treated air ducts is mechanically fixed on longitudinal banks formed by longitudinal members 800 forming stretchers or sills intermediate the lower stage and the upper floor of the sides of the body and serving as beltline on which the panels upper and lower 810, 811 faces are fixed as for the previous examples in their returns to the skin.
Des bouches d'aération 730 sont disposées de place en place le long des conduits 720 dans des ouvertures desdits conduits pour distribuer l'air dans la voiture.  Air vents 730 are arranged in place along conduits 720 in openings of said ducts to distribute air into the car.
Dans cet exemple, des ouvertures verticales 802 dans le conduit 720 permettent de distribuer l'air climatisé entre des panneaux de couverture 801 à l'intérieur de la caisse par exemple pour faire déboucher de l'air le long des fenêtres de la voiture.  In this example, vertical openings 802 in the duct 720 make it possible to distribute the conditioned air between cover panels 801 inside the box, for example to open air along the windows of the car.
Sous le plancher intermédiaire des seconds conduits de plafond 721 distribuent l'ait climatisé par des secondes bouches d'aération 730 de place en place le long des seconds conduits.  Under the intermediate floor of the second ceiling ducts 721 distribute the conditioned air by second air vents 730 from place to place along the second ducts.
Un revêtement de plafond 601 recouvre la face inférieure du plancher intermédiaire.  A ceiling covering 601 covers the underside of the intermediate floor.
Le procédé d'assemblage de la structure de caisse est compatible avec la définition de tels sous-ensembles de manière à permettre le pré assemblage du plancher intermédiaire avant de terminer le montage de la 2° face du véhicule.  The method of assembly of the body structure is compatible with the definition of such subassemblies so as to allow the pre-assembly of the intermediate floor before completing the assembly of the 2nd face of the vehicle.
L'étanchéité aéraulique du circuit est par ailleurs assurée par interposition de produits similaires à ceux déjà décrits dans l'exemple de la figure 2.  The air-tightness of the circuit is moreover ensured by the interposition of products similar to those already described in the example of FIG.
Par ailleurs, et compte tenu du nœud de liaison de ce plancher intermédiaire intégrant les circuits aéraulique, une étanchéité particulièrement soignée est réalisée via notamment l'application à l'interface d'un mastic adapté aux conditions de service les plus sévères (température, hygrométrie, dilatation différentielle, couple électrolytique alu/peaux carbone par exemple).  Furthermore, and taking into account the connection node of this intermediate floor integrating the aeraulic circuits, a particularly neat sealing is achieved via in particular the application at the interface of a sealant adapted to the most severe operating conditions (temperature, hygrometry). differential expansion, electrolytic torque aluminum / carbon skins for example).
Selon ces conditions d'usage en service commercial, plusieurs types de mastic peuvent être potentiellement utilisés, citons à titre d'exemple les familles:  According to these conditions of use in commercial service, several types of putty can be potentially used, as an example the families:
MS Polymer (ex : ISR 70-03 de la société Bostik)  MS Polymer (ex: ISR 70-03 from Bostik)
Polyuréthane (Sikaflex 265) ou autre mastic étanche.  Polyurethane (Sikaflex 265) or other waterproof sealant.
L'ensemble fait éventuellement partie intégrante d'une caisse multi matériaux. L'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples représentés et notamment les profilés 6 entre les peaux adaptés à recevoir un ou plusieurs organes de fixation d'un élément de structure complémentaire peuvent aussi servir de moyens de fixation pour des habillages ou équipements intérieurs voir même des supports de sièges dans le cas du plancher de la figure 2 et du plancher intermédiaire de la figure 10. The set is eventually part of a multi-material crate. The invention is not limited to the examples shown and in particular the profiles 6 between the skins adapted to receive one or more fasteners of a complementary structural element may also serve as fastening means for skins or interior equipment or even seat supports in the case of the floor of Figure 2 and the intermediate floor of Figure 10.
La circulation d'air se fait dans le conduit supérieur 720 qui alimente des bouches d'aération 730 qui comportent ici des lamelles dirigeant l'air vers le haut et des passages 811 allant vers des éjecto-convecteurs sous fenêtres de l'étage haut et dans le conduit inférieur 721 qui alimente des bouches d'aération hautes 730 pourvues de lamelles dirigeant le flux d'air vers le bas dans l'étage bas.  The air flow is in the upper duct 720 which supplies air vents 730 which here comprise upwardly directed air slats and passages 811 to ejecto-convectors under windows of the upper floor and in the lower duct 721 which feeds high air vents 730 provided with slats directing the airflow down into the low floor.
Les conduit formées entre la paroi simple et une autre structure peuvent être des conduits étanches et peuvent également intégrer des fonctions d'isolation thermique et/ou acoustique de par leur constitution.  The ducts formed between the single wall and another structure may be sealed conduits and may also incorporate thermal and / or acoustic insulation functions by their constitution.
L'invention particulièrement applicable à la réalisation de voitures de train voyageurs, de métro, de tram ou autre véhicule en association avec un châssis inférieur en interface avec des bogies n'est pas limitée à l'exemple représenté et est mais peut être utilisée pour réaliser une partie supérieure de fuselage d'aéronef, d'un autocar, de caisses de caravanes ou maisons roulantes (mobile home en anglais). Dans ces applications les longerons 500 peuvent faire partie d'une ceinture de renfort de caisse du véhicule.  The invention, which is particularly applicable to the production of passenger cars, subways, trams or other vehicles in combination with a lower chassis that interfaces with bogies, is not limited to the example shown and is but can be used to make an upper fuselage of an aircraft, a bus, boxes of caravans or mobile homes (mobile home in English). In these applications the longitudinal members 500 may be part of a vehicle body reinforcement belt.

Claims

R E V E N D I C A T I O N S R E V E N D I C A T IO N S
1 - Caisse de véhicule de transport comportant des flancs latéraux (Fl, F2) et un pavillon (P) et dont les flancs latéraux et le pavillon sont réalisées au moyens de panneaux composites caractérisée en ce qu'au moins l'un desdits panneaux composites (111, 112, 113, 300) est constitué d'une structure composite (110, 111, 112, 113, 114) comportant un panneau composite sandwich (1) constitué d'une première peau (10) et d'une seconde peau (11) de part et d'autre d'une âme (12) et comportant au moins un prolongement d'un bord du panneau composite sandwich réalisé par une partie monolithique formant une paroi simple (101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106) prolongeant le panneau composite sandwich ladite paroi simple formant un panneau complémentaire d'épaisseur réduite par rapport au panneau composite sandwich (1). 1 - Transport vehicle body having side flanks (Fl, F2) and a roof (P) and whose side flanks and roof are made by means of composite panels characterized in that at least one of said composite panels (111, 112, 113, 300) consists of a composite structure (110, 111, 112, 113, 114) comprising a composite sandwich panel (1) consisting of a first skin (10) and a second skin (11) on either side of a core (12) and having at least one extension of an edge of the composite sandwich panel formed by a monolithic portion forming a single wall (101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106) extending the sandwich composite panel said single wall forming a complementary panel of reduced thickness with respect to the composite sandwich panel (1).
2 - Caisse de véhicule de transport selon la revendication 1 pour laquelle au moins un des flancs (111, 112, 113) est constitué d'une dite structure composite et comporte un prolongement (105, 106) longeant une partie du pavillon pour former avec ledit pavillon un conduit longitudinal (C, 201, 203) dans la caisse et/ou une gouttière longitudinale (105) de passage de câbles ou conduits.  2 - Transport vehicle body according to claim 1 wherein at least one of the flanks (111, 112, 113) consists of a said composite structure and comprises an extension (105, 106) along a portion of the roof to form with said flag a longitudinal duct (C, 201, 203) in the box and / or a longitudinal gutter (105) passage of cables or ducts.
3 - Caisse de véhicule de transport selon la revendication 1 pour laquelle le pavillon et les flancs sont constitués de structures composites (112, 113, 114) comportant au moins un prolongement d'un bord du panneau composite sandwich réalisé par une partie monolithique formant une paroi simple (101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106) prolongeant le panneau composite sandwich et formant entre le pavillon et les flancs des conduits (201) à parois simples.  3 - Transport vehicle case according to claim 1 for which the roof and the sidewalls consist of composite structures (112, 113, 114) comprising at least one extension of an edge of the composite sandwich panel made by a monolithic portion forming a single wall (101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106) extending the sandwich composite panel and forming between the roof and the flanks of the single-walled conduits (201).
4 - Caisse de véhicule de transport selon la revendication 3 pour laquelle le pavillon est une structure composite (114) comportant deux parois simples (104) prolongeant le panneau composite sandwich du pavillon sur ses côtés en regard des flancs pour réaliser le toit de la caisse.  4 - Transport vehicle case according to claim 3 for which the roof is a composite structure (114) having two single walls (104) extending the sandwich composite panel of the flag on its sides facing the sides to achieve the roof of the body .
5 - Caisse de véhicule de transport selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4 pour laquelle les panneaux sandwich du pavillon et des flancs comportent des bords avec retour à la peau pourvus de profilés (13), en regard les uns des autres, la fixation entre les flancs et le pavillon étant réalisée au niveau des profilés. 6 - Caisse de véhicule de transport selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5 pour laquelle au moins un desdits panneaux sandwich comporte des inserts longitudinaux (6) de fixation de la paroi simple d'une dite structure composite. 5 - Transport vehicle case according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for which the sandwich panels of the roof and flanks have edges with return to the skin provided with profiles (13), facing each other, the fixing between the flanks and the flag being made at the level of the profiles. 6 - Transport vehicle case according to any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein at least one of said sandwich panels comprises longitudinal inserts (6) for fixing the single wall of a said composite structure.
7 - Caisse de véhicule de transport selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6 pour laquelle le pavillon comporte des inserts longitudinaux (6) de suspension d'un plafond ou élément de plafond (310) de la caisse.  7 - Transport vehicle case according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for which the flag comprises longitudinal inserts (6) for suspending a ceiling or ceiling element (310) of the body.
8 - Voiture de train comportant une caisse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7.  8 - train car comprising a body according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
PCT/EP2016/061342 2015-05-21 2016-05-19 Transport vehicle body having a sandwich structure provided with an extension forming a complimentary structure WO2016184991A1 (en)

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FR1554585A FR3036364B1 (en) 2015-05-21 2015-05-21 TRANSPORT VEHICLE CASE WITH A SANDWICH STRUCTURE PROVIDED WITH AN EXTENSION COMPRISING A COMPLEMENTARY STRUCTURE
FR1554585 2015-05-21

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1551573A (en) 1967-01-19 1968-12-27
JPS54183007U (en) * 1978-06-14 1979-12-25
EP0474510A1 (en) * 1990-09-07 1992-03-11 Hitachi, Ltd. Railway car body structures and methods of making them
EP0622285A1 (en) * 1993-04-28 1994-11-02 Gec Alsthom Transport Sa Lightweight body of a railway vehicle
DE10009105C1 (en) * 2000-02-21 2001-07-19 Daimler Chrysler Ag Train carriage panel element manufacturing method has edge profiles secured to backing panel before attaching to front panel
EP2305529A2 (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-06 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Modular body of a vehicle
DE102013010332A1 (en) * 2013-06-20 2014-06-18 Daimler Ag Sandwich component for body e.g. floor structure of motor car, has amplification profile arranged within component at side edge of component such that top face and underside of profile are covered by fiber reinforced plastic covering layers

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1551573A (en) 1967-01-19 1968-12-27
JPS54183007U (en) * 1978-06-14 1979-12-25
EP0474510A1 (en) * 1990-09-07 1992-03-11 Hitachi, Ltd. Railway car body structures and methods of making them
EP0622285A1 (en) * 1993-04-28 1994-11-02 Gec Alsthom Transport Sa Lightweight body of a railway vehicle
DE10009105C1 (en) * 2000-02-21 2001-07-19 Daimler Chrysler Ag Train carriage panel element manufacturing method has edge profiles secured to backing panel before attaching to front panel
EP2305529A2 (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-06 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Modular body of a vehicle
DE102013010332A1 (en) * 2013-06-20 2014-06-18 Daimler Ag Sandwich component for body e.g. floor structure of motor car, has amplification profile arranged within component at side edge of component such that top face and underside of profile are covered by fiber reinforced plastic covering layers

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FR3036364A1 (en) 2016-11-25

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