WO2016181891A1 - 鋼材の製造方法、鋼材の冷却装置および鋼材 - Google Patents

鋼材の製造方法、鋼材の冷却装置および鋼材 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016181891A1
WO2016181891A1 PCT/JP2016/063603 JP2016063603W WO2016181891A1 WO 2016181891 A1 WO2016181891 A1 WO 2016181891A1 JP 2016063603 W JP2016063603 W JP 2016063603W WO 2016181891 A1 WO2016181891 A1 WO 2016181891A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cooling
steel material
rail
longitudinal direction
steel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2016/063603
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
賢士 奥城
啓之 福田
木島　秀夫
好和 吉田
啓史 石川
貞則 中野
Original Assignee
Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 filed Critical Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
Priority to EP16792616.1A priority Critical patent/EP3296409B1/en
Priority to US15/573,885 priority patent/US20180327880A1/en
Priority to CN201680027844.2A priority patent/CN107614708A/zh
Priority to JP2017517907A priority patent/JP6380669B2/ja
Priority to AU2016260101A priority patent/AU2016260101B9/en
Priority to BR112017023115-8A priority patent/BR112017023115B1/pt
Publication of WO2016181891A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016181891A1/ja
Priority to US17/552,058 priority patent/US20220112571A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/08—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling structural sections, i.e. work of special cross-section, e.g. angle steel
    • B21B1/085—Rail sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • B21B45/0203—Cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • B21B45/0203—Cooling
    • B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
    • B21B2045/0212—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using gaseous coolants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • B21B45/0203—Cooling
    • B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
    • B21B45/0215—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes
    • B21B2045/0221—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes for structural sections, e.g. H-beams
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/60—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing lead, selenium, tellurium, or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulfur

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a steel material manufacturing method, a steel material cooling device, and a steel material.
  • a rail whose rail head has a pearlite structure with high hardness is manufactured, for example, as follows. First, a bloom cast by continuous casting is reheated to 1100 ° C. or higher, and then hot-rolled into a predetermined rail shape by rough rolling and finish rolling.
  • the rolling method in each rolling process is a combination of caliber rolling and universal rolling or only caliber rolling, rough rolling is performed by a plurality of passes, and finish rolling is performed by a plurality of passes or a single pass. At this time, the rail is normally rolled to a length of about 50 to 200 m by hot rolling.
  • the unsteady portion at the end of the hot-rolled rail is hot-sawed (hot-saw cutting step).
  • the heat treatment apparatus has a restriction on the length
  • the heat treatment apparatus is further cut to a predetermined length (for example, 025 m).
  • forced cooling is performed by injecting a cooling medium (air, water, mist, etc.) onto the rail by a cooling device (heat treatment step).
  • the rail is restrained by a restraining device such as a clamp, and a cooling medium is sprayed onto the head, the foot, and, if necessary, the web.
  • cooling device cooling is usually performed until the temperature of the rail head becomes 650 ° C. or lower.
  • the forced cooling is completed, the rail is released from the restraint device, and is further transported to the cooling floor and cooled to 100 ° C. or lower.
  • rails for rails for example, rails used in harsh environments that transport heavy objects such as coal and iron ore from natural resource mining sites such as coal, high wear resistance and high toughness are required.
  • the above heat treatment step is required.
  • the rail can be made to have high hardness, and the amount of wear during use is reduced, so that the rail replacement cycle is lengthened and the effect of reducing lifetime cost is obtained.
  • the hardness variation is large in the longitudinal direction of the rail, the amount of wear in the low-hardness part increases compared to the high-hardness part. It is not preferable. For this reason, there is a need for a heat treatment method for making the rails small in hardness variation and high in hardness.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a method of suppressing the cooling rate to 7 ° C./second or less as a method of reducing the variation in the hardness of the rail.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a method for oscillating an H-shaped steel, an amount obtained by an equation using a nozzle pitch as a parameter when accelerating cooling of an H-shaped steel, as a method for uniformly cooling a steel material.
  • Patent Document 3 discloses a method of oscillating a steel material by 5 to 10 times the material longitudinal direction distance of the guide roller as a method for uniformly cooling the steel material.
  • this invention is made paying attention to said subject, and it aims at providing the manufacturing method of steel materials with the uniform material in a longitudinal direction, the cooling device of steel materials, and steel materials.
  • the cooling device when cooling the steel material after hot working or after cooling / reheating, in the cooling device having a plurality of cooling units arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the steel material, the cooling device having a plurality of cooling units arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the steel material, the transporting distance L o (m) satisfying the expression (1).
  • L o Steel material transport distance (m)
  • m Natural number
  • L h Length of cooling part in the longitudinal direction of steel (m)
  • a cooling device for cooling a steel material after hot working or after cooling / reheating, and a plurality of cooling units arranged in the longitudinal direction of the steel material, and the steel material
  • a transport distance L o (m) that satisfies the formula (1), a transport unit that transports the steel material,
  • a steel material cooling device is provided.
  • the steel material is manufactured by being cooled by a cooling device having a plurality of cooling units arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction, When being cooled by a cooling device, it was transported and manufactured within the cooling device in one direction along the longitudinal direction of the steel material, with a transport distance L o (m) that satisfies formula (1).
  • a characteristic steel is provided.
  • the rail 1 is manufactured as a steel material.
  • the cooling device 2 is used in a heat treatment step performed after a hot rolling step or a hot sawing step, which will be described later, and forcibly cools the high-temperature rail 1.
  • the rail 1 extends in the width direction in the cross-sectional view perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and is opposed to each other in the vertical direction, and a head 11 disposed on the upper side. And a web portion 12 extending in the vertical direction.
  • the cooling device 2 includes head cooling headers 21a to 21c, a foot cooling header 22, a pair of clamps 23a and 23b, an in-machine thermometer 24, and a transport unit 25.
  • the head cooling headers 21a to 21c and the foot cooling header 22 are cooling units that cool the rail 1, and a plurality of head cooling headers 21a to 21c are provided side by side in the y-axis direction that is the longitudinal direction of the rail 1.
  • the head cooling headers 21a to 21c and the foot cooling header 22 are collectively referred to as a cooling header.
  • the head cooling headers 21a to 21c have cooling medium injection outlets arranged at a pitch of several mm to 100 mm, and the cooling medium injection outlets of the head cooling headers 21a to 21c are the top surface of the head 11 (z-axis positive Direction end face) and the head side face (both end faces in the positive x-axis direction).
  • the head cooling headers 21a to 21c forcibly cool the head 11 by injecting a cooling medium supplied from a supply unit (not shown) onto the top and side surfaces of the head 11. Air, spray water, mist or the like is used as the cooling medium.
  • pressure measuring devices 211a to 211c are provided in the coolant supply paths of the head cooling headers 21a to 21c, respectively, and the jetting pressure of the coolant is monitored.
  • the foot cooling header 22 has cooling medium injection outlets arranged at a pitch of several mm to 100 mm, and the cooling medium injection outlet is provided to face the lower surface (end surface on the z-axis negative direction side) of the foot 13. Similarly to the head cooling headers 21a to 21c, the foot cooling header 22 forcibly cools the foot 13 by spraying a cooling medium supplied from a supply unit (not shown) onto the lower surface of the foot 13. As the cooling medium, air, spray water, mist or the like is used as in the head cooling headers 21a to 21c. Further, a pressure device 221 is provided in the cooling medium supply path of the foot cooling header 22 to monitor the injection pressure of the cooling medium.
  • the head cooling headers 21a to 21c and the foot cooling header 22 have the same length in the y-axis direction.
  • the cooling header is thermally deformed by being heated from the rail 1, and warps (a warp generation mechanism will be described later).
  • the amount of warping of the cooling header that has warped at the same curvature increases with the square of the length of the cooling header in the z-axis direction. For this reason, it is preferable to shorten the length of the cooling header in the z-axis direction.
  • the length of the cooling header in the z-axis direction needs to be an appropriate length, and is preferably 0.5 m or more and 4 m or less. Further, it is preferable that the plurality of head cooling headers 21a to 21c and the foot cooling header 22 provided side by side in the y-axis direction are provided as close as possible so as not to cause cooling spots.
  • the pair of clamps 23 a and 23 b is a device that supports and restrains the rail 1 by sandwiching both end portions of the foot portion 13 in the x-axis direction.
  • a plurality of the pair of clamps 23a and 23b are provided at a distance of several meters over the entire length of the rail 1 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the in-machine thermometer 24 is a non-contact type thermometer such as a radiation thermometer, and measures the surface temperature of at least one point on the top surface of the head 11.
  • the transport unit 25 is a transport mechanism connected to the pair of clamps 23a and 23b, and is a device that transports the rail 1 in the cooling device 2 by transporting the pair of clamps 23a and 23b in the y-axis direction. Details of the transport operation of the transport unit 25 will be described later.
  • the injection amount of the cooling medium injected from the head cooling headers 21a to 21c and the foot cooling header 22 is adjusted by a control unit (not shown). At this time, the control unit acquires the temperature measurement result of the in-machine thermometer 24 and adjusts the injection amount as needed based on the acquired temperature measurement result.
  • a carry-in table 3 and a carry-out table 4 are provided around the cooling device 2.
  • the carry-in table 3 is a table that conveys the rail 1 from a previous process such as a hot rolling process to the cooling device 2.
  • the carry-out table 4 is a table that conveys the rail 1 heat-treated by the cooling device 2 to the next process such as a cooling floor or an inspection facility.
  • the delivery-side thermometer 5 is a non-contact type thermometer that measures the surface temperature of the head 11 of the rail 1 like the in-machine thermometer 24, and measures the temperature of the rail 1 that is carried out of the cooling device 2 after heat treatment. .
  • a pearlite rail 1 is manufactured as a steel material.
  • steel having the following chemical composition can be used.
  • the% display regarding a chemical component means the mass percentage.
  • C 0.60% or more and 1.05% or less C (carbon) is an important element for forming cementite, increasing hardness and strength, and improving wear resistance in a pearlite rail. However, when the C content is less than 0.60%, these effects are small. From this, the C content is preferably 0.60% or more, and more preferably 0.70% or more.
  • the C content is preferably 1.05% or less, and more preferably 0.97% or less.
  • Si 0.1% or more and 1.5% or less Si (silicon) is added in the rail material for strengthening the deoxidizer and pearlite structure, but if the content is less than 0.1%, these effects are small. For this reason, the Si content is preferably 0.1% or more, and more preferably 0.2% or more. On the other hand, excessive inclusion of Si promotes decarburization and promotes generation of surface defects of the rail 1. For this reason, it is preferable that Si content is 1.5% or less, and it is more preferable that it is 1.3% or less.
  • Mn 0.01% or more and 1.5% or less
  • Mn manganese
  • Mn has the effect of lowering the pearlite transformation temperature and making the pearlite lamellar spacing dense, so it is effective for maintaining high hardness up to the inside of the rail 1 Element.
  • Mn content is less than 0.01%, the effect is small.
  • Mn content is 0.01% or more, and it is more preferable that it is 0.3% or more.
  • the Mn content exceeds 1.5%, the equilibrium transformation temperature (TE) of pearlite is lowered and the structure is likely to undergo martensitic transformation.
  • the Mn content is preferably 1.5% or less, and more preferably 1.3% or less.
  • P 0.035% or less
  • P (phosphorus) reduces toughness and ductility when the content exceeds 0.035%. For this reason, it is preferable to suppress P content.
  • the P content is preferably 0.035% or less, and more preferably 0.025% or less.
  • P content is 0.001% or more.
  • S 0.030% or less
  • S (sulfur) forms coarse MnS that extends in the rolling direction and reduces ductility and toughness. For this reason, it is preferable to suppress S content.
  • the S content is preferably 0.030% or less, and more preferably 0.015% or less.
  • S content is 0.0005% or more.
  • Cr 0.1% or more and 2.0% or less Cr (chromium) increases the equilibrium transformation temperature (TE), contributes to the refinement of the pearlite lamellar spacing, and increases the hardness and strength. Moreover, Cr is effective in suppressing the formation of a decarburized layer due to the combined use effect with Sb. Therefore, the Cr content is preferably 0.1% or more, and more preferably 0.2% or more. On the other hand, when the Cr content exceeds 2.0%, the possibility of occurrence of weld defects increases, the hardenability increases, and the generation of martensite is promoted. Therefore, the Cr content is preferably 2.0% or less, and more preferably 1.5% or less. The total content of Si and Cr is preferably 2.0% or less. This is because when the total content of Si and Cr exceeds 2.0%, the adhesion of the scale is excessively increased, so that peeling of the scale is hindered and decarburization may be promoted.
  • Sb 0.005% or more and 0.5% or less
  • Sb antimony
  • Sb has a remarkable effect of preventing decarburization during heating when a rail steel material is heated in a heating furnace.
  • Sb when Sb is added together with Cr, it has an effect of reducing the decarburized layer when the Sb content is 0.005% or more.
  • Sb content is 0.005% or more, and it is more preferable that it is 0.01% or more.
  • the Sb content exceeds 0.5%, the effect is saturated. For this reason, it is preferable that Sb content is 0.5% or less, and it is more preferable that it is 0.3% or less.
  • the steel used as the rail 1 is further Cu: 0.01% or more and 1.0% or less, Ni: 0.01% or more and 0.5% or less, Mo: 0.01% or more It may contain one or more elements of 0.5% or less, V: 0.001% or more and 0.15% or less, and Nb: 0.001% or more and 0.030% or less.
  • Cu 0.01% or more and 1.0% or less
  • Cu (copper) is an element capable of further increasing the hardness by solid solution strengthening. Cu is also effective in suppressing decarburization. In order to expect this effect, the Cu content is preferably 0.01% or more, and more preferably 0.05% or more.
  • the Cu content exceeds 1.0%, surface cracks due to embrittlement tend to occur during continuous casting or rolling. For this reason, it is preferable that Cu content is 1.0% or less, and it is more preferable that it is 0.6% or less.
  • Ni 0.01% or more and 0.5% or less
  • Ni nickel
  • Ni is an element effective for improving toughness and ductility.
  • Ni is an element effective for suppressing Cu cracking by being added in combination with Cu.
  • it is desirable to add Ni and it is more preferable that Ni content is 0.05% or more.
  • the Ni content is less than 0.01%, these effects cannot be obtained.
  • it is preferable that Ni content is 0.01% or more.
  • the Ni content exceeds 0.5%, the hardenability is enhanced and the generation of martensite is promoted. For this reason, it is preferable that Ni content is 0.5% or less, and it is more preferable that it is 0.3% or less.
  • Mo 0.01% or more and 0.5% or less
  • Mo molybdenum
  • Mo is an element effective for increasing the strength, but the effect is small when the content is less than 0.01%. For this reason, it is preferable that Mo content is 0.01% or more, and it is more preferable that it is 0.05% or more.
  • the Mo content is preferably 0.5% or less, and more preferably 0.3% or less.
  • V 0.001% or more and 0.15% or less
  • V is an element that forms VC or VN and precipitates finely in ferrite and contributes to high strength through precipitation strengthening of ferrite. V also functions as a hydrogen trap site and can be expected to suppress delayed fracture.
  • the V content is preferably 0.001% or more, and more preferably 0.005% or more.
  • the addition of V exceeding 0.15% causes a significant increase in alloy costs while their effects are saturated. For this reason, it is preferable that V content is 0.15% or less, and it is more preferable that it is 0.12% or less.
  • Nb 0.001% or more and 0.030% or less
  • Nb niobium
  • the Nb content is preferably 0.001% or more, and more preferably 0.003% or more.
  • Nb content exceeds 0.030%, Nb carbonitride crystallizes during the solidification process during the casting of a rail steel material such as bloom, thereby reducing cleanliness. For this reason, it is preferable that Nb content is 0.030% or less, and it is more preferable that it is 0.025% or less.
  • the balance other than the above components is Fe (iron) and inevitable impurities.
  • Fe iron
  • inevitable impurities N (nitrogen) can be mixed up to 0.015%, O (oxygen) up to 0.004%, and H (hydrogen) up to 0.0003%.
  • the Al content is 0.001% or less and the Ti content is 0.001% or less.
  • the bloom of the above chemical composition which is the material of the rail 1 cast by, for example, the continuous casting method
  • the heated bloom is each rolled one or more passes by a breakdown mill, a rough mill, and a finish mill, and finally rolled to the rail 1 having the shape shown in FIG. 2 (hot rolling process).
  • the rolled rail 1 has a length in the longitudinal direction of about 50 m to 200 m, and if necessary, is hot sawed to a length of 25 m, for example (hot sawing step).
  • the length in the longitudinal direction of the rail 1 used in the heat treatment step is set to be at least three times the height from the top surface of the head 11 of the rail 1 to the lower surface of the foot 13.
  • the upper limit of the length in the longitudinal direction of the rail 1 used in the heat treatment step is the rolling length (maximum rolling length in the hot rolling step).
  • the rail 1 after hot rolling or after hot sawing is conveyed to the cooling device 2 by the carry-in table 3 and cooled by the cooling device 2 (heat treatment process).
  • the temperature of the rail 1 conveyed to the cooling device 2 is desirably in the austenite temperature range.
  • Rails used for mines and curve sections need to have high hardness, and therefore need to be accelerated rapidly by the cooling device 2 after rolling. This is to make the pearlite lamellar spacing fine and to have a high hardness structure, and by increasing the degree of supercooling during transformation, that is, by increasing the cooling rate during transformation, You can get an organization.
  • the heat treatment step may be performed after the rail 1 is reheated to the austenite temperature range. preferable.
  • the rail 1 is conveyed to the cooling device 2, the rail 1 is restrained by the clamps 23a and 23b. Thereafter, the cooling medium is jetted from the head cooling headers 21a to 21c and the foot cooling header 22, whereby the rail 1 is rapidly cooled.
  • the cooling rate during the heat treatment is preferably changed according to the desired hardness. Further, if the cooling rate is excessively increased, martensitic transformation may occur and the toughness may be impaired. For this reason, a control part manages a cooling rate from the temperature measurement result by the in-machine thermometer 24 during cooling, and changes the injection amount of a cooling medium. At this time, if necessary, the control unit may stop the injection of the cooling medium and perform cooling by natural cooling.
  • the cooling header may be brought close to the rail 1.
  • the cooling header since the cooling header is heated by radiation from the rail 1 or heat conduction of air, it causes thermal deformation. Since only the surface of the cooling header on the steel material side is heated to cause thermal expansion, the cooling header usually warps so that the end portion is separated from the rail 1.
  • the end portion is separated from the rail 1 with respect to the central portion of the cooling header, so that the cooling rate at the end portion is lower than that in the central portion. Therefore, in the longitudinal direction of the rail 1, the strong cooling portion and the weak cooling portion are repeatedly present at intervals provided with the respective cooling headers, and this causes a temperature spot in the longitudinal direction of the rail 1.
  • the inventors eliminate the temperature spots by transporting the rail 1 with a predetermined amplitude along the longitudinal direction of the rail 1 in the cooling device 2. I found out that I can do it. That is, in the heat treatment step in the present embodiment, when cooling is performed, the transport unit 25 transports the clamps 23a and 23b together with the restrained rail 1 with a predetermined amplitude.
  • the oscillation refers to the operation to transport the rail 1 alternately to the positive y-axis direction and the y-axis negative direction by a predetermined conveying distance L o.
  • the conveyance distance L o that is the oscillation amplitude is a distance (m) that satisfies the following expression (1).
  • m represents a natural number
  • L h represents the length (m) of the cooling header, which is the length of the cooling section in the longitudinal direction (y-axis direction) of the rail 1.
  • movement of the rail 1 by the conveyance part 25 is demonstrated.
  • the transport distance Lo in the heat treatment step is twice as long as the length L h of the cooling header (head cooling header 21 a and foot cooling header 22) serving as a cooling unit.
  • the conveyance part 25 conveys the rail 1 only the conveyance distance Lo from the state of FIG. 4 (A) to the y-axis negative direction side.
  • the rail 1 changes from the state shown in FIG. 4A to the state shown in FIG.
  • the transport unit 25 transports the rail 1 toward the y-axis positive direction side by the transport distance Lo from the state of FIG.
  • the rail 1 returns to the state of FIG. 4 (A) from the state of FIG. 4 (B).
  • a transport operation is performed by repeating these operations.
  • the transport operation of the rail 1 in the cooling device 2 by the transport unit 25 described above is continuously performed while the rail 1 is being cooled. That is, when the cooling time of the rail 1 in the heat treatment step is T (minutes), the conveyance speed V (mm / minute) of the rail 1 is set so as to satisfy the relationship of the expression (2).
  • n represents a natural number.
  • V L h / (T ⁇ n) (2)
  • the final structure is cooled until it becomes 100% pearlite, a structure in which pro-eutectoid ferrite and pro-eutectoid cementite are 5% or less and the rest is pearlite, or a structure in which pearlite and bainite are mixed.
  • a structure of 100% pearlite phase is preferable in order to prevent generation of wrinkles that occur when the toughness such as sharing decreases, and the final structure is determined by the specification application. Is done.
  • the structure is hardened by causing transformation during the heat treatment, it is necessary to reach the heat treatment finish temperature after the transformation is completed.
  • the depth required for a structure having a high hardness varies depending on the application when the rail 1 is used, it cannot be clearly defined.
  • the rail 1 is transported to the cooling bed by the carry-out table 4 where it is cooled to room temperature to 100 ° C. Thereafter, the rail 1 is corrected by roller correction in order to reduce warpage. And after receiving an inspection, it is shipped.
  • straightening is performed by roller straightening, an uncorrected part is generated at the end of the rail 1 in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, the saw is not cut to the final product length during hot sawing. An interruption may be made.
  • the end portions in the longitudinal direction of the rail 1 at the time of cold sawing correspond to both ends in the rolling length, so that uncorrected portions are reduced and warpage is reduced.
  • the steel material is the rail 1, but the present invention is not limited to this example.
  • the steel material to be manufactured may be another steel product such as a thick plate or a shape steel.
  • the chemical component composition of the steel product, the configuration of the cooling device 2, and the like are not limited to those in the above embodiment.
  • steel having a chemical composition different from that of the above embodiment may be used.
  • the cooling medium injection is unintentionally applied to the end surface during cooling as described above. Therefore, the minimum length in the longitudinal direction of a steel product is the thickness of the thicker part of the part of steel products such as shaped steel. The thickness is 3 times or more, and the thickness of a plate material represented by a thick plate is 3 times or more, and the maximum length is the rolling length.
  • the conveyance distance L o is a value closer to an integral multiple of the length L of the cooling unit, the following (3) It is preferable to satisfy the formula. (M ⁇ 0.10) ⁇ L h ⁇ L o ⁇ (m + 0.10) ⁇ L h (3) Thereby, the variation in the cooling rate which arises in the header unit of a cooling part can be reduced more.
  • the conveyance part 25 oscillated and conveyed the rail 1 in the heat processing process this invention is not limited to this example.
  • the transport unit 25 may be configured to transport the rail 1 by the transport distance L o only in one of the y-axis positive direction and the y-axis negative direction without oscillating the rail 1.
  • the conveyance operation of the rail 1 in the cooling device 2 by the conveyance part 25 in the heat treatment process was continuously performed while the rail 1 was cooled
  • this invention is described. Is not limited to such an example.
  • the rail 1 conveyance operation according to the above-described embodiment may be performed for more than half of the cooling time T after the cooling of the rail 1 is started.
  • the transfer operation is performed at the transfer distance Lo satisfying the expression (1).
  • the transport operation is continuously performed, but the transport distance Lo does not have to satisfy the expression (1).
  • the time during which the cooling can be performed uniformly can be at least half the heat treatment time, so that variations in the cooling rate can be reduced. Further, in this case, since the conveyance speed V does not need to satisfy the expression (2), the invention can be applied to the cooling device 2 in which the conveyance speed V cannot be changed.
  • a method for manufacturing a steel material according to an aspect of the present invention includes a cooling device 2 having a plurality of cooling units (head cooling headers 21a to 21c, foot cooling headers 22) arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the steel material. Then, when the steel material after hot working or after cooling / reheating is cooled, the steel material is conveyed in the cooling device 2 in the longitudinal direction of the steel material by a conveying distance L o (m) satisfying the expression (1). .
  • the cooling header 2 of the cooling device 2 close to the steel material.
  • the cooling header is heated by radiation or the like from the steel material, and the cooling header is deformed so as to warp in the longitudinal direction.
  • the cooling rate strong cooling portion and weak cooling portion
  • the hardness of the steel material will vary.
  • the rail 1 when the rail 1 is manufactured as a steel material, the rail 1 is usually cooled by causing the rail 1 to oscillate in the longitudinal direction with an amplitude smaller than that of the above embodiment.
  • the cooling speed increases at a position immediately below the cooling medium ejection outlet, and decreases as the distance from the position immediately below the cooling medium ejection outlet decreases, so at least the distance between the cooling medium ejection outlets (several mm to 100 mm) is conveyed.
  • such conventional oscillation conveying operation cannot eliminate cooling spots generated in units of cooling headers.
  • the steel material is a rail material.
  • the rail material which is a long steel material a rail material with few variations in the material of a longitudinal direction can be obtained.
  • the rail material is a high-hardness rail 1
  • the variation in cooling in the heat treatment process can be suppressed to 20 ° C. or less, and as a result, the variation in hardness is HV13 or less at a depth position of 1 mm from the surface and 5 mm or less. It becomes possible to suppress to HV10 or less at the depth position.
  • the steel material cooling device 2 is a cooling device 2 that cools the steel material after hot working or after cooling and reheating, and a plurality of steel material cooling devices 2 arranged in the longitudinal direction of the steel material.
  • the steel is cooled by the cooling unit (head cooling headers 21a to 21c, foot cooling header 22) and the cooling unit, the steel is converted into the longitudinal direction of the steel in the cooling device 2.
  • the steel material according to one aspect of the present invention has a plurality of cooling units (head cooling headers 21a to 21c, foot cooling headers 22 arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction after hot working or after cooling / reheating.
  • the cooling device 2 when cooled by the cooling device 2, the cooling device 2 is (1) in one direction along the longitudinal direction of the steel material.
  • a transport distance L o (m) that satisfies the equation is transported and manufactured. According to the said structure, since steel materials are cooled uniformly to a longitudinal direction, the steel materials with a uniform material of a longitudinal direction can be obtained.
  • Example 1 performed by the inventors will be described.
  • a rail 1 that is a steel material was manufactured under conditions where the transport distance Lo was different from that of the above embodiment, and the material was evaluated.
  • a bloom having a chemical composition of the condition A shown in Table 1 was cast using a continuous casting method. Note that the balance of the chemical composition of the bloom is substantially Fe, specifically Fe and inevitable impurities.
  • the cast bloom is reheated to 1100 ° C. or higher in a heating furnace, and then extracted from the heating furnace, so that the cross-sectional shape becomes a final shape (rail shape shown in FIG. 2), rough rolling, Hot rolling was performed through a mill and a finishing mill.
  • the rail 1 was rolled in an inverted posture in which the head portion 11 and the foot portion 13 were in contact with the carriage. Furthermore, the hot-rolled rail 1 was conveyed to the cooling device 2, and the rail 1 was cooled (heat treatment process).
  • the rail 1 was rolled in an inverted posture in the rolling posture, the rail 1 is turned when being carried into the cooling device 2, and the foot portion 13 becomes the vertical lower mold and the head portion 11 becomes the upper side in the vertical direction.
  • the rail 1 was restrained by the clamps 23a and 23b. And it cooled by injecting a cooling medium from the cooling header.
  • the cooling medium was air, and the distance between the cooling header and the rail was 20 mm or 50 mm.
  • the injection pressure of the cooling medium is set to 1.3 kPa to so that the cooling rate at 670 ° C. to 770 ° C. at a depth of 5 mm from the surface layer is 3 ° C./second to 7 ° C./second.
  • the temperature was set to 130 kPa, and cooling was performed until the surface temperature of the head 11 became 530 ° C. or lower while measuring the temperature with the in-machine thermometer 24.
  • the rail 1 was transported to the cooling floor, cooled to room temperature to 100 ° C. on the cooling floor, and then corrected using a roller straightener to finally produce the rail 1 as a product. Then, the sample was extract
  • Table 2 shows the cooling conditions and the evaluation results of the materials in the conventional example.
  • the temperature variation of the total length is within 20 ° C.
  • the hardness variation at each sampling position of the sample is within 1 mm depth and within HV20 within 5 mm depth. It was within HV10.
  • the maximum temperature variation is 120 ° C.
  • the hardness variation is HV120 at 1 mm depth and HV60 at 5 mm depth, and the material is not uniform. It was confirmed.
  • Example 1 the inventors manufactured the rail 1 as Example 1 under the condition that is the transport distance Lo of the above embodiment, and evaluated the material.
  • Example 1 blooms having chemical composition compositions A to C shown in Table 1 were cast using a continuous casting method. Note that the balance of the chemical composition of the bloom is substantially Fe, specifically Fe and inevitable impurities.
  • the cast bloom was reheated to 1100 ° C. or higher in a heating furnace, then extracted from the heating furnace, and a break-down rolling machine, a rough rolling mill, Hot rolling was performed through a finishing mill. In the hot rolling, the rail 1 was rolled in an inverted posture in which the head portion 11 and the foot portion 13 were in contact with the carriage.
  • the hot-rolled rail 1 was conveyed to the cooling device 2, and the rail 1 was cooled in the same manner as in the above embodiment (heat treatment step).
  • the rail 1 since the rail 1 was rolled in an inverted posture in the rolling posture, the rail 1 is turned when being carried into the cooling device 2, and the foot portion 13 becomes the vertical lower mold and the head portion 11 becomes the upper side in the vertical direction.
  • the rail 1 was restrained by the clamps 23a and 23b. And it cooled by injecting a cooling medium from the cooling header.
  • the cooling medium was air, mist or spray water, and the distance between the cooling header and the rail was 20 mm.
  • the injection pressure of the cooling medium is 5 kPa to 50 kPa.
  • the outlet of 15% of the injection outlet is changed to a mist nozzle or spray nozzle. And it injected with the injection pressure of 500 kPa or 300 kPa, respectively.
  • the cooling medium was mist or spray water, air was jetted from the remaining 85% outlet, and the air pressure was 30 kPa.
  • cooling was performed by changing the injection pressure of the cooling medium during the heat treatment step. Further, in the heat treatment step, as in the conventional example, while the temperature was measured with the in-machine thermometer 24, cooling was performed until the surface temperature of the head 11 became 530 ° C. or lower.
  • the total transport distance (m) that is the sum of the transport distance Lo and the transported distance during cooling is changed within the range of the above-described embodiment for the conditions of the length L h of the plurality of cooling headers. Cooling was performed under multiple conditions.
  • the rail 1 is taken out from the cooling device 2 to the carry-out table 4, and as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the rail 1 after cooling is cooled using the delivery-side thermometer 5 provided on the carry-out table 4.
  • the surface temperature of the head 11 was measured. At this time, the temperature was measured at a plurality of locations over the entire length in the longitudinal direction of the rail 1 using the outlet thermometer 5, and the variation in temperature after cooling was calculated from the maximum value and the minimum value of the measurement results.
  • the rail 1 was transported to the cooling bed, cooled to normal temperature to 100 ° C. on the cooling bed, and then corrected using a roller straightener to finally produce the rail 1 as a product. Then, the sample was extract
  • Table 3 shows the cooling conditions and material evaluation results in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
  • the pressure was changed from 10 to 30 when the total transport distance was 1/3, and the injection pressure of the cooling medium of Example 1-15 was changed.
  • the injection pressure was changed from 30 to 10 when the total conveyance distance was 1/3, and the injection pressure was changed from 10 to 30 when the total conveyance distance was 2/3.
  • the full-length temperature variation is within 20 ° C., and under the conditions where the oscillation distance Lo is n times the cooling header length L h , the full-length temperature variation is within 5 ° C. The variation was smaller. However, if the oscillation distance Lo shown in Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-4 shorter than the length L h of the cooling headers, or the total transport distance in the heat treatment was less than the length L h of the cooling header conditions Then, the temperature variation was 20 ° C. or more.
  • Example 1-10 and 1-11 in which the components were changed Examples 1-12 and 1-13 in which the injection pressure was changed, and Examples 1-14 and 1-15 in which the injection pressure was changed midway.
  • Example 1-1 to 1-9 it was confirmed that variations in temperature and hardness were reduced.
  • Example 1-12 where the injection pressure was the lowest the average cooling rate during cooling was 4 ° C./second
  • Example 1-13 where the injection pressure was the highest the average cooling rate during cooling was 8.5 ° C. / Sec.
  • the cooling medium is air
  • the effect of the present invention is within a range of at least 4 ° C./sec to 8.5 ° C./sec.
  • Example 2 performed by the present inventors will be described.
  • Example 2 using a bloom having a chemical composition different from that in Example 1, as in Example 1, rail 1 was manufactured under the conditions for the transport distance Lo in the above embodiment, and the material was evaluated. It was.
  • blooms having the chemical composition of conditions D to F shown in Table 4 were cast using a continuous casting method. Note that the balance of the chemical composition of the bloom is substantially Fe, specifically Fe and inevitable impurities.
  • Example 2 the cast bloom was reheated to 1100 ° C. or higher in a heating furnace, followed by hot rolling, followed by cooling (heat treatment step).
  • the surface temperature measurement of the rail 1 after the completion of the heat treatment, the cooling in the cooling bed, the correction using the roller straightener, the sample collection, and the hardness measurement were also the same conditions as in Example 1.
  • Example 2 for comparison, the material of the manufactured rail 1 was evaluated in the same manner for Comparative Example 2 in which the condition of the transport distance Lo was different from that of the above embodiment.
  • Table 5 shows the cooling conditions and material evaluation results in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
PCT/JP2016/063603 2015-05-14 2016-05-02 鋼材の製造方法、鋼材の冷却装置および鋼材 WO2016181891A1 (ja)

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EP16792616.1A EP3296409B1 (en) 2015-05-14 2016-05-02 Method for producing steel material, apparatus for cooling steel material, and steel material
US15/573,885 US20180327880A1 (en) 2015-05-14 2016-05-02 Method of producing steel material, apparatus that cools steel material, and steel material
CN201680027844.2A CN107614708A (zh) 2015-05-14 2016-05-02 钢材的制造方法、钢材的冷却装置及钢材
JP2017517907A JP6380669B2 (ja) 2015-05-14 2016-05-02 鋼材の製造方法、鋼材の冷却装置および鋼材
AU2016260101A AU2016260101B9 (en) 2015-05-14 2016-05-02 Method for producing steel material, apparatus for cooling steel material, and steel material
BR112017023115-8A BR112017023115B1 (pt) 2015-05-14 2016-05-02 Método para produzir um trilho de trem e aparelho para resfriar um trilho de trem
US17/552,058 US20220112571A1 (en) 2015-05-14 2021-12-15 Method of producing steel material, apparatus that cools steel material, and steel material

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WO2018174095A1 (ja) * 2017-03-21 2018-09-27 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 レールおよびその製造方法
WO2018174094A1 (ja) * 2017-03-21 2018-09-27 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 レールの製造方法

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CN113977211A (zh) * 2021-10-28 2022-01-28 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 一种中等强度钢轨及其生产方法

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JPH08260058A (ja) * 1995-03-27 1996-10-08 Daido Steel Co Ltd 鋼材の冷却方法
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WO2018174095A1 (ja) * 2017-03-21 2018-09-27 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 レールおよびその製造方法
WO2018174094A1 (ja) * 2017-03-21 2018-09-27 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 レールの製造方法
JPWO2018174095A1 (ja) * 2017-03-21 2019-06-27 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 レールおよびその製造方法
JPWO2018174094A1 (ja) * 2017-03-21 2019-06-27 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 レールの製造方法
CN110337498A (zh) * 2017-03-21 2019-10-15 杰富意钢铁株式会社 轨道的制造方法
CN110352258A (zh) * 2017-03-21 2019-10-18 杰富意钢铁株式会社 轨道及其制造方法
JP2020050958A (ja) * 2017-03-21 2020-04-02 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 パーライト系レール
US11111555B2 (en) 2017-03-21 2021-09-07 Jfe Steel Corporation Method for producing rail

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US20220112571A1 (en) 2022-04-14
BR112017023115A2 (pt) 2018-07-10
EP3296409B1 (en) 2021-01-13
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CN107614708A (zh) 2018-01-19

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