WO2016173465A1 - 移相器和天线 - Google Patents

移相器和天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016173465A1
WO2016173465A1 PCT/CN2016/080035 CN2016080035W WO2016173465A1 WO 2016173465 A1 WO2016173465 A1 WO 2016173465A1 CN 2016080035 W CN2016080035 W CN 2016080035W WO 2016173465 A1 WO2016173465 A1 WO 2016173465A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
strip line
strip
phase shifter
belt
group
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Application number
PCT/CN2016/080035
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
廖志强
卢麒屹
罗新能
杨铁军
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP16785896.8A priority Critical patent/EP3285330B1/en
Priority to MX2017013861A priority patent/MX2017013861A/es
Publication of WO2016173465A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016173465A1/zh
Priority to US15/795,561 priority patent/US10658719B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
    • H01P1/184—Strip line phase-shifters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/32—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a phase shifter and an antenna.
  • a phase shifter is a device that is capable of adjusting the phase of a wave and is a core component of the antenna.
  • the phase shifter changes the direction of the antenna by changing the phase of the signal reaching the antenna, thereby realizing the remote control of the network coverage area.
  • phase shifters typically include a fixed printed circuit board (English: Printed Circuit Board, PCB for short) and a sliding metal.
  • the fixed PCB is provided with a fixed circuit
  • the sliding metal is U-shaped.
  • the inventors have found that the prior art has at least the following problems: when the required phase shifting amount is large, the length of the sliding metal and the fixed circuit needs to be correspondingly increased, and the volume of the phase shifter is larger. .
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a phase shifter and an antenna.
  • the technical solution is as follows:
  • a phase shifter comprising: a cavity, a fixing component located in the cavity, a sliding component, a control lever for controlling sliding of the sliding component, and a medium portion;
  • a first belt line group is disposed in the fixing component, and the first belt line group includes two belt lines;
  • the sliding assembly is located above the fixing assembly, the sliding assembly is provided with a second belt line set;
  • the second belt line group comprises two belt lines, two of the second belt line groups
  • the line is electrically coupled to the two strip lines of the first strip line group, and the second strip line group is U-shaped;
  • each of the first strip line group and/or the second strip line group includes a first strip line portion and a second strip line portion, the first strip line portion having a width greater than the a width of the second strip line portion, wherein the medium portion is provided on a circumferential side of the second strip line portion, and an impedance formed by the medium portion and the second strip line portion and the first strip line portion The difference in impedance is in the first range.
  • the medium portion includes a first medium portion and a second medium portion
  • the first medium portion is located above the sliding assembly and within a moving range of the second belt line portion, and the second medium portion is located below the sliding assembly and at the second belt line portion Within the range of movement.
  • the dielectric constant of the dielectric portion is in a second range, the dielectric constant and the first The width of the second strip line has a negative correlation.
  • the two strip lines in the first strip line group and/or the two strip lines in the second strip line group are metallized holes. With a line.
  • the two strip lines in the first strip line group and/or the two strip lines in the second strip line group are double-sided metal-attached With a line.
  • the cavity has at least two, and at least two of the at least two cavities share a same ground line.
  • the phase shifter further includes an elastic member between the first belt line group and the second belt line group, the first belt line group
  • the distance between the second strip line group and the second strip line group is limited to be within a preset range, and the preset range is that the first strip line group and the second strip line group are coupled to each other The range of distances required for the connection.
  • the second line group has at least two groups, and the at least two groups of second line groups are disposed in the same direction or opposite directions.
  • the band in the first strip group The strip line for the output signal in the line is electrically connected to the radiating element in the antenna.
  • an antenna comprising the phase shifter of the first aspect or any of the possible embodiments of the first aspect.
  • 1A is a cross-sectional view of a phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1B is a perspective view of various components in a phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2A is a perspective view of some components in a phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2B is a cross-sectional view of a strip line with metallized holes according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 2C is a cross-sectional view of a phase shifter including two cavities provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2D is a schematic diagram showing a positional relationship between a first belt set, a second belt set, and an elastic member according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 2E is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of a second belt set according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2F is a schematic diagram showing a positional relationship of a first belt line group according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2G is a perspective view of a cavity in a phase shifter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the phase shifter may include a cavity 110, a fixing assembly 120 located in the cavity 110, a sliding assembly 130, a control lever (not shown) for controlling the sliding of the sliding assembly 130, and a medium portion. 140.
  • a first strip line group 121 is disposed in the fixing assembly 120, and the first strip line group 121 includes two strip lines 121a and 121b.
  • grooves are provided on both sides of the cavity 110, and the fixing component 120 is fixed in the cavity 110 by the groove.
  • the first strip line group 121 can have two or more groups, and the designer can move according to the The number of output ports required for the phaser is correspondingly set to the number of groups of the first strip group 121.
  • the slide assembly 130 is located above the stationary assembly 120.
  • the slide assembly 130 is in a sliding state under the control of the lever.
  • the slide assembly 130 slides left and right in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure under the control of the lever.
  • the lever can be fixed in the cavity 110, and the slide assembly 120 is disposed in the cavity 110 through the lever.
  • a second strip set 131 is disposed in the slide assembly 130.
  • the second strip line group 131 includes two strip lines 131a and 131b.
  • the two strip lines 131a and 131b of the second strip line group 131 may be connected in a U shape by 131c.
  • the number of groups of the second strip line group 131 is the same as the number of groups of the first strip line group 121, and two strip lines in each group of the second strip line group 131 and the two strips in the first strip line group 121 are respectively Wire coupled electrical connection.
  • Each of the first strip line group 121 and/or the second strip line group 131 includes a first strip line portion D1 and a second strip line portion D2, the width of the first strip line portion D1 being greater than the second strip line portion
  • the width of D2 is provided on the circumferential side of the second belt line portion D2 with the medium portion 140.
  • the difference between the impedance formed by the dielectric portion 140 and the second strip line portion D2 and the impedance of the first strip line portion D1 is within the first range (only the strip line in the second strip line group 131 is set in the figure)
  • the strip line portion D1 and the second strip line portion D2 are exemplified).
  • At least one width may be included in the first strip line portion D1, and at least one width may be included in the second strip line portion D2, and the minimum width of the first strip line portion D1 is greater than the second strip line portion D2.
  • the maximum width of the embodiment is not limited in this embodiment.
  • phase shifter 130 is the input port of the phase shifter
  • P2 is the output port of the phase shifter
  • the fixing component in the above embodiment may be a fixed PCB
  • the sliding component may be a sliding PCB, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the phase shifter provided in this embodiment provides a first strip line portion and a second strip line portion having different widths in a strip line in the first strip line group and/or the second strip line group. And providing a dielectric portion on a circumferential side of the second strip portion having a smaller width, increasing a dielectric constant through the dielectric portion, thereby increasing a phase shift amount; and solving the prior art when a large phase shift amount is required
  • the volume of the phaser is relatively large; the effect of reducing the volume of the phase shifter is achieved.
  • the medium portion 140 in the phase shifter provided by the above embodiment may include a first medium portion 141 and a second medium portion 142.
  • the first strip line portion D1 and the second strip line portion D2 are disposed in the strip line in the second strip line group 131, and the first medium portion 141 is located above the slide assembly 130 and within the moving range of the second strip line portion D2. .
  • the first medium portion 141 can be disposed above the sliding assembly 130 in order to enable the first medium portion 141 to always affect the second belt portion D2. And is disposed within the movement range of the second belt line portion D2.
  • the range of movement of the second belt line portion D2 refers to a distance range corresponding to the second belt line portion D2 when the sliding assembly 130 is at the starting position and sliding to the maximum position.
  • the second medium portion 142 is located below the slide assembly 130 and within the range of movement of the second belt line portion D2.
  • the medium portion 140 is merely disposed in the above manner.
  • the medium portion 140 may be located at other positions, and only the medium portion 140 and the second strip portion D2 are required to be formed.
  • the difference between the impedance and the impedance of the first strip line portion D1 may be within the first range.
  • the medium corresponding to the first medium portion 141 and the medium corresponding to the second medium portion 142 may be the same or different, and only need to ensure that the dielectric constants of both are greater than 1, that is, the second strip line can be improved.
  • the dielectric constant of the environment in which the portion D2 is located may be.
  • the dielectric constant of the dielectric portion 140 in the present embodiment is generally selected within the second range.
  • the second range is usually 3 to 10.
  • FIG. 2A is only an example in which the first strip line portion D1 and the second strip line portion D2 are disposed in the strip line of the second strip line group 131.
  • a similar arrangement manner may be employed in the first strip line.
  • the first strip line portion D1 and the second strip line portion D2 are disposed in the strip line of the group 121, and the details are not described herein again.
  • the two strip lines in the first strip line group 121 and/or the two strip lines in the second strip line group 131 are strip lines with metallized holes.
  • the dielectric portion 140 can maximize access to the slide assembly 130 or the fixed assembly 120, increasing the dielectric constant within the sliding range of the slide assembly 130, that is, increasing the same sliding range.
  • the phase shifting amount reduces the size of the phase shifter.
  • the two strip lines in the first strip line group 121 and/or the two strip lines in the second strip line group 131 are double-sided metal-attached strip lines.
  • the strip line is less sensitive to temperature, and the strip line can maintain a good flatness in any temperature range (the same metal is in phase) The same amount of thermal expansion and contraction at the same temperature, the flatness of the strip line is better).
  • the two strip lines in the first strip line group 121 and/or the two strip lines in the second strip line group 131 may be double-sided copper-attached strip lines.
  • FIG. 2B a cross-sectional view of the strip line 131a (the strip line 131b is the same as the strip line 131a) in the slide assembly 130 is shown.
  • 210 is the body of the strip line 131a
  • 220 and 230 are respectively copper attached to the strip line 131a
  • 240 is a metal used in the metallized hole
  • 250 is a metallized hole.
  • the number of the cavities 110 is generally determined by the number of antenna arrays in the antenna to which the phase shifter is applied.
  • At least two of the at least two cavities 110 By arranging at least two of the at least two cavities 110 to share the same ground line, it is not necessary to provide a grounding line for each cavity 110, which reduces the thickness of the phase shifter and further reduces phase shifting.
  • the volume of the device By arranging at least two of the at least two cavities 110 to share the same ground line, it is not necessary to provide a grounding line for each cavity 110, which reduces the thickness of the phase shifter and further reduces phase shifting. The volume of the device.
  • FIG. 2C shows a cross-sectional view of the phase shifter when the phase shifter includes two cavities 110.
  • the two cavities 110 are in a zigzag pattern, and the same ground line is shared by the middle of the Japanese character, which reduces the thickness of the phase shifter and reduces the volume of the phase shifter.
  • the structure of the inside of the upper and lower chambers 110 in Fig. 2C is the same, and only the configuration of the upper chamber is shown as an example, and the configuration of the lower chamber is not shown.
  • the phase shifter may further include an elastic member 150 between the first belt set 121 and the second belt set 131.
  • the preset range is a range of distances required when the first strip line group 121 and the second strip line group 131 are coupled electrically.
  • FIG. 2D shows the positional relationship between the first belt set 121, the second belt set 131, and the elastic member 150.
  • the material of the elastic member 150 is usually an insulator or an object having a small dielectric constant. This example does not limit this.
  • the second strip set 131 may have at least two groups, and at least two sets of second strip sets 121 are disposed in the same direction or opposite directions. And when there are at least two groups of the second strip line group 131, the first strip line group 121 may also have at least two groups correspondingly.
  • the strip lines in each set of second strip line groups 131 and the first strip line group 121, respectively The line is electrically coupled in a line.
  • the second strip group 131 has four groups (1311, 1312, 1313, and 1314, respectively), and the four groups of second strip groups 131 are arranged as an example.
  • FIG. 2E which shows four groups.
  • FIG. 2F which shows a schematic diagram of a positional relationship of four sets of first strip line groups 121 (1211, 1212, 1213 and 1214).
  • the second strip line group 1311 is electrically coupled to the first strip line group 1211
  • the second strip line group 1312 is electrically coupled to the first strip line group 1212
  • the second strip line group 1313 is first coupled.
  • the strip set 1213 is coupled electrically and the second strip set 1314 is coupled electrically coupled to the first strip set 1214.
  • FIG. 2G shows a perspective view of a cavity 110 of the phase shifter when the second strip set 131 has four sets.
  • each set of second strip sets 131 By electrically coupling each set of second strip sets 131 to each set of first strip sets 121, signals input from the input ports can be transmitted to the respective output ports as needed.
  • the groups of the second strip lines 131 can be disposed opposite each other, for example, in the manner shown in FIG. 2E.
  • the signal is input from the Pin port. Since the P5 output port is obtained after connecting the first strip line group 1211 and the second strip line group 1311 after the P4 output port, the P5 output is obtained.
  • the phase difference produced by the port is twice the phase difference produced by the P4 output.
  • the phase difference of the P1 output port is twice the phase difference of the P2 output port.
  • the phases output from the P5, P4, P3, P2, and P1 ports are 2 ⁇ , ⁇ , 0, - ⁇ , and -2 ⁇ , respectively.
  • the strip line for outputting signals in the strip line in the first strip line group 121 is electrically connected to the radiating unit in the antenna.
  • the phase shifter can achieve point adjustment of the antenna pattern.
  • P5, P4, P3, P2, and P1 can be electrically connected to the radiating elements in the antenna, respectively.
  • the power allocation can be implemented by adjusting the power dividing circuit between each pair of the first strip line group 121 and the second strip line group 131. This embodiment does not Make a limit.
  • the phase shifter provided in this embodiment provides a first strip line portion and a second strip line portion having different widths in a strip line in the first strip line group and/or the second strip line group. And providing a dielectric portion on a circumferential side of the second strip portion having a smaller width, increasing a dielectric constant through the dielectric portion, thereby increasing a phase shift amount; and solving the prior art when a large phase shift amount is required
  • the volume of the phaser is relatively large; the effect of reducing the volume of the phase shifter is achieved.
  • the phase shift amount of the phase shifter is increased, and further reduced.
  • the volume of the phase shifter is small.
  • the strip line is less sensitive to temperature and improves the flatness of the strip line.
  • the present embodiment reduces the thickness of the phase shifter by further disposing at least two of the at least two cavities to the same ground line, so that the thickness of the phase shifter is reduced, and the phase shift is further reduced.
  • the volume of the device is reduced.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna.
  • the antenna may include the phase shifter provided in the foregoing embodiment.
  • phase shifter provided in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the antenna provided in this embodiment provides a first strip line portion and a second strip line portion having different widths in the strip lines in the first strip line group and/or the second strip line group, and
  • the medium side of the second strip line portion having a small width is provided with a dielectric portion, and the dielectric constant is increased by the dielectric portion, thereby increasing the phase shift amount; and the phase shifter is solved when a large phase shift amount is required in the prior art.
  • the volume will be a big problem; the effect of reducing the volume of the phase shifter is achieved.
  • the phase shift amount of the phase shifter is increased, and the volume of the phase shifter is further reduced.
  • the strip line is less sensitive to temperature and improves the flatness of the strip line.
  • the present embodiment reduces the thickness of the phase shifter by further disposing at least two of the at least two cavities to the same ground line, so that the thickness of the phase shifter is reduced, and the phase shift is further reduced.
  • the volume of the device is reduced.

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  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)

Abstract

本发明实施例提供了一种移相器和天线，涉及通信技术领域。所述移相器包括：腔体、位于腔体中的固定组件、滑动组件、用于控制滑动组件滑动的控制杆以及介质部；固定组件中设置有第一带线组，第一带线组包括两个带线；滑动组件位于固定组件的上方，滑动组件中设置有第二带线组；第二带线组包括两个带线，第二带线组中的两个带线与第一带线组中的两个带线分别耦合电连接；其中，第一带线组和/或第二带线组中的每个带线包括第一带线部和第二带线部，第一带线部的宽度大于第二带线部的宽度，第二带线部的周侧设置有介质部，介质部与第二带线部所构成的阻抗与第一带线部的阻抗的差值在第一范围内。达到了可以缩小移相器的体积的效果

Description

移相器和天线
本申请要求于2015年04月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为201510212058.7、发明名称为“移相器和天线”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种移相器和天线。
背景技术
移相器是能够对波的相位进行调整的一种装置，它是天线的核心组成部分。移相器通过改变到达天线的信号的相位来改变天线的方向图，进而实现对网络覆盖区域进行远程控制的目的。
现有的移相器通常包括固定印制电路板(英文：Printed Circuit Board，简称：PCB)和滑动金属。其中，固定PCB中设置有固定电路，滑动金属呈U型。当滑动金属和固定电路相对滑动时，经过固定电路的电流的相位将发生变化。
在实现本发明的过程中，发明人发现现有技术至少存在以下问题：当所需的移相量较大时，滑动金属和固定电路的长度需要相应的增长，移相器的体积会较大。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中移相器的体积较大的问题，本发明实施例提供了一种移相器和天线。所述技术方案如下：
第一方面，提供了一种移相器，所述移相器包括：腔体、位于所述腔体中的固定组件、滑动组件、用于控制所述滑动组件滑动的控制杆以及介质部；
所述固定组件中设置有第一带线组，所述第一带线组包括两个带线；
所述滑动组件位于所述固定组件的上方，所述滑动组件中设置有第二带线组；所述第二带线组包括两个带线，所述第二带线组中的两个带线与所述第一带线组中的两个带线分别耦合电连接，所述第二带线组呈U型；
其中，所述第一带线组和/或所述第二带线组中的每个带线包括第一带线部和第二带线部，所述第一带线部的宽度大于所述第二带线部的宽度，所述第二带线部的周侧设置有所述介质部，所述介质部与所述第二带线部所构成的阻抗与所述第一带线部的阻抗的差值在第一范围内。
在第一方面的第一种可能的实施方式中，所述介质部包括第一介质部和第二介质部；
所述第一介质部位于所述滑动组件的上方且处于所述第二带线部的移动范围内，所述第二介质部位于所述滑动组件的下方且处于所述第二带线部的移动范围内。
结合第一方面或者第一方面的第一种可能的实施方式，在第二种可能的实施方式中，所述介质部的介电常数在第二范围内，所述介电常数与所述第二带线部的宽度呈负相关关系。
在第一方面的第三种可能的实施方式中，所述第一带线组中的两个带线和/或所述第二带线组中的两个带线为带有金属化孔的带线。
在第一方面的第四种可能的实施方式中，所述第一带线组中的两个带线和/或所述第二带线组中的两个带线为双面附有金属的带线。
在第一方面的第五种可能的实施方式中，所述腔体有至少两个，所述至少两个腔体中有至少两个腔体共用同一接地线。
在第一方面的第六种可能的实施方式中，所述移相器还包括位于所述第一带线组和所述第二带线组之间的弹性件，所述第一带线组和所述第二带线组之间的距离受限于所述弹性件的约束属于预设范围内，所述预设范围为所述第一带线组和所述第二带线组耦合电连接时所需的距离范围。
在第一方面的第七种可能的实施方式中，所述第二带线组有至少两组，所述至少两组第二带线组同向或者相向设置。
结合第一方面或者第一方面的第一种可能的实施方式至第七种可能的实施方式中的任一种，在第八种可能的实施方式中，所述第一带线组中的带线中用于输出信号的带线与天线中的辐射单元电性相连。
第二方面，提供了一种天线，其包括第一方面或者第一方面任一可能的实施方式所述的移相器。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案带来的有益效果是：
通过在第一带线组和/或第二带线组中的带线中设置宽度不同的第一带线 部和第二带线部，并在其中宽度较小的第二带线部的周侧设置介质部，通过介质部来增加介电常数，进而提高移相量；解决了现有技术中当需要较大移相量时，移相器的体积会比较大的问题；达到了可以缩小移相器的体积的效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1A是本发明一个实施例提供的移相器的截面图；
图1B是本发明一个实施例提供的移相器中的各个部件的立体图；
图2A是本发明一个实施例提供的移相器中的部分部件的立体图；
图2B是本发明一个实施例提供的带金属化孔的带线的截面图；
图2C是本发明一个实施例提供的包括两个腔体的移相器的截面图；
图2D是本发明一个实施例提供的第一带线组、第二带线组和弹性件之间的位置关系示意图；
图2E是本发明一个实施例提供的第二带线组的位置关系示意图；
图2F是本发明一个实施例提供的第一带线组的位置关系的示意图；
图2G是本发明一个实施例提供的移相器中的一个腔体的立体示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
请参考图1A，其示出了本发明一个实施例提供的移相器的截面图。如图1A所示，移相器可以包括：腔体110、位于腔体110中的固定组件120、滑动组件130、用于控制滑动组件130滑动的控制杆(图中未示出)以及介质部140。
请参考图1B，固定组件120中设置有第一带线组121，第一带线组121包括两个带线121a和121b。可选地，腔体110的两侧设置有凹槽，固定组件120通过凹槽固定在腔体110中。
可选地，第一带线组121可以有两组或者两组以上，设计人员可以根据移 相器所需的输出端口的个数来相应的设置第一带线组121的组数。
滑动组件130位于固定组件120的上方。滑动组件130在控制杆的控制下处于滑动状态。比如，请参考图1B，滑动组件130在控制杆的控制下沿着图中所示的箭头方向左右滑动。可选地，控制杆可以固定在腔体110中，滑动组件120通过控制杆被设置在腔体110中。
请参考图1B，滑动组件130中设置有第二带线组131。第二带线组131包括两个带线131a和131b。第二带线组131中的两个带线131a和131b可以通过131c连接成U型。此外，第二带线组131的组数与第一带线组121的组数相同，每组第二带线组131中的两个带线分别与第一带线组121中的两个带线耦合电连接。
第一带线组121和/或第二带线组131中的每个带线包括第一带线部D1和第二带线部D2，第一带线部D1的宽度大于第二带线部D2的宽度，第二带线部D2的周侧设置有介质部140。其中，介质部140与第二带线部D2所构成的阻抗与第一带线部D1的阻抗的差值在第一范围内(图中只是以第二带线组131中的带线设置第一带线部D1和第二带线部D2来举例说明)。
需要说明的一点是，第一带线部D1中可以包括至少一个宽度，第二带线部D2中也可以包括至少一个宽度，且第一带线部D1的最小宽度大于第二带线部D2的最大宽度，本实施例对此并不做限定。
另外，请参考图1B，以P1为移相器的输入端口，P2为移相器的输出端口为例，在控制杆控制滑动组件130滑动之后，从P2口输出的电信号的相位会相应的发生变化，进而达到移相的目的。
需要说明的另一点是，上述实施例中的固定组件可以为固定PCB，滑动组件可以为滑动PCB，本实施例对此并不做限定。
综上所述，本实施例提供的移相器，通过在第一带线组和/或第二带线组中的带线中设置宽度不同的第一带线部和第二带线部，并在其中宽度较小的第二带线部的周侧设置介质部，通过介质部来增加介电常数，进而提高移相量；解决了现有技术中当需要较大移相量时，移相器的体积会比较大的问题；达到了可以缩小移相器的体积的效果。
如图2A所示，上述实施例提供的移相器中的介质部140可以包括第一介质部141和第二介质部142。
第二带线组131中的带线中设置有第一带线部D1和第二带线部D2，第一介质部141位于滑动组件130的上方且处于第二带线部D2的移动范围内。
具体的，由于滑动组件130可以在控制杆的控制下处于滑动状态，所以为了使得第一介质部141总是能够影响第二带线部D2，第一介质部141可以设置在滑动组件130的上方，并设置在第二带线部D2的移动范围内。其中，第二带线部D2的移动范围是指滑动组件130处于起始位置以及滑动至最大位置时，第二带线部D2所对应的距离范围。
类似的，第二介质部142位于滑动组件130的下方且处于第二带线部D2的移动范围内。
需要说明的是，本实施例只是以介质部140按照上述方式进行设置为例，可选地，介质部140还可以位于其他位置，只需要保证介质部140与第二带线部D2所构成的阻抗与第一带线部D1的阻抗的差值在第一范围内即可。可选地，第一介质部141所对应的介质与第二介质部142所对应的介质可以相同也可以不同，只需要保证两者的介电常数均大于1，也即能够提高第二带线部D2所处环境的介电常数即可。
另外，由于第二带线部D2与介质部140所构成的阻抗需要与第一带线部D1的阻抗的差值在第一范围内，所以第二带线部D2的宽度越窄时，介质部140所需的介电常数越大，也即介质部140的介电常数与第二带线部D2的宽度呈负相关关系。而由于第二带线部D2的宽度小于预设阈值时第二带线部D2的电气性能可能会变差，所以本实施例中介质部140的介电常数通常选择在第二范围内。其中，第二范围通常为3～10。
此外，图2A只是以在第二带线组131的带线中设置第一带线部D1和第二带线部D2为例，可选地，还可以采用类似的设置方式在第一带线组121的带线中设置第一带线部D1和第二带线部D2，本实施例在此不再赘述。
可选地，第一带线组121中的两个带线和/或第二带线组131中的两个带线为带有金属化孔的带线。通过使用带有金属化过孔的带线，使得介质部140能够最大化的接近滑动组件130或者固定组件120，提高了滑动组件130滑动范围内的介电常数，也即提高相同滑动范围内的移相量，减小了移相器的尺寸。
可选地，第一带线组121中的两个带线和/或第二带线组131中的两个带线为双面附有金属的带线。通过使用双面附有相同金属的带线，使得带线对温度的敏感度较低，带线能够在任何温度范围内保持较好的平整度(相同金属在相 同温度下的热胀冷缩量相同，带线的平整度较好)。其中，第一带线组121中的两个带线和/或第二带线组131中的两个带线可以为双面附铜的带线。
比如，请参考图2B，其示出了滑动组件130中的带线131a(带线131b与带线131a的结构相同)的截面图。如图2B所示，210为带线131a的本体，220和230分别为带线131a双面附有的铜，240为金属化孔中使用的金属，250为金属化孔。
可选地，腔体110可以有至少两个，至少两个腔体110中有至少两个腔体110共用同一接地线。其中，腔体110的个数通常由该移相器所应用的天线中的天线阵列的个数确定。
通过将至少两个腔体110中的至少两个腔体110设置为共用同一接地线，使得无需为每个腔体110设置接地线，减小了移相器的厚度，进一步减小了移相器的体积。
比如，以腔体110有两个为例，请参考图2C，其示出了移相器包括两个腔体110时移相器的截面图。如图2C所示，两个腔体110呈日字型，通过日字型中间共用同一接地线，减小了移相器的厚度进而减小了移相器的体积。图2C中上下两个腔体110的内部的结构相同，图中只是示出上腔体的构造为例，下腔体的构造并未示出。
可选地，由于第一带线组121和第二带线组131耦合电连接时需要保证第一带线组121和第二带线组131之间具有一定距离，所以为了保证两者能够耦合电连接，移相器还可以包括位于第一带线组121和第二带线组131之间的弹性件150。这样，第一带线组121和第二带线组131受限于弹性件150的约束而使得两者的距离属于预设范围。预设范围为第一带线组121和第二带线组131耦合电连接时所需的距离范围。
比如，请参考图2D，其示出了第一带线组121、第二带线组131和弹性件150之间的位置关系。
需要说明的是，为了避免弹性件150对第一带线组121和第二带线组131的耦合电连接的影响，弹性件150的材质通常为绝缘体或者介电常数较小的物体，本实施例对此并不做限定。
可选地，第二带线组131可以有至少两组，至少两组第二带线组121同向或者相向设置。且当第二带线组131有至少两组时，第一带线组121也可以相应的有至少两组。这样，每组第二带线组131中的带线分别与第一带线组121 中的带线耦合电连接。
比如，以第二带线组131有四组(分别为1311、1312、1313和1314)，且四组第二带线组131相向设置为例，请参考图2E，其示出了四组第二带线组131的一种位置关系示意图。相应的，请参考图2F，其示出了四组第一带线组121(1211、1212、1213和1214)的一种位置关系示意图。结合图2D和图2E，第二带线组1311与第一带线组1211耦合电连接、第二带线组1312与第一带线组1212耦合电连接、第二带线组1313与第一带线组1213耦合电连接以及第二带线组1314与第一带线组1214耦合电连接。
另外，请参考图2G，其示出了第二带线组131有四组时，移相器的一个腔体110的立体示意图。
通过使每组第二带线组131与每组第一带线组121耦合电连接，使得从输入端口输入的信号能够按照需求传输到各个输出端口。具体的，为了使得各个输出端口输出的相位实现等差或者近似等差，各组第二带线组131可以相向设置比如以图2E所示的方式设置。
请参考图2F，以Pin为输入端口为例，信号从Pin端口输入，由于P5输出口是在P4输出口之后串联一个第一带线组1211和第二带线组1311之后得到，所以P5输出口产生的相位差是P4输出口产生的相位差的两倍。类似的，P1输出口的相位差为P2输出口的相位差的两倍。从P5、P4、P3、P2和P1口输出的相位分别为2φ、φ、0、-φ和-2φ。
可选地，第一带线组121中的带线中用于输出信号的带线与天线中的辐射单元电性相连。这样，移相器即可实现对天线的方向图的点调节。比如，结合图2E，P5、P4、P3、P2和P1可以分别与天线中的辐射单元电性相连。
需要补充说明的是，对于输入信号的功率而言，功率分配可以通过调整每对第一带线组121和第二带线组131之间的功分电路来实现，本实施例对此并不做限定。
综上所述，本实施例提供的移相器，通过在第一带线组和/或第二带线组中的带线中设置宽度不同的第一带线部和第二带线部，并在其中宽度较小的第二带线部的周侧设置介质部，通过介质部来增加介电常数，进而提高移相量；解决了现有技术中当需要较大移相量时，移相器的体积会比较大的问题；达到了可以缩小移相器的体积的效果。
本实施例通过使用带金属化孔的带线，增加了移相器的移相量，进一步减 小了移相器的体积。同时，通过使用双面附有金属的带线，使得带线对温度的敏感性较低，提高了带线的平整度。
此外，本实施例通过将至少两个腔体中的至少两个腔体共用同一接地线，使得无需为每个腔体设置接地线，减小了移相器的厚度，进一步减小了移相器的体积。
本发明一个实施例提供了一种天线，该天线可以包括上述实施例提供的移相器，该移相器的详细技术细节请参考上述实施例，本实施例在此不再赘述。
综上所述，本实施例提供的天线，通过在第一带线组和/或第二带线组中的带线中设置宽度不同的第一带线部和第二带线部，并在其中宽度较小的第二带线部的周侧设置介质部，通过介质部来增加介电常数，进而提高移相量；解决了现有技术中当需要较大移相量时，移相器的体积会比较大的问题；达到了可以缩小移相器的体积的效果。
本实施例通过使用带金属化孔的带线，增加了移相器的移相量，进一步减小了移相器的体积。同时，通过使用双面附有金属的带线，使得带线对温度的敏感性较低，提高了带线的平整度。
此外，本实施例通过将至少两个腔体中的至少两个腔体共用同一接地线，使得无需为每个腔体设置接地线，减小了移相器的厚度，进一步减小了移相器的体积。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种移相器，其特征在于，所述移相器包括：腔体、位于所述腔体中的固定组件、滑动组件、用于控制所述滑动组件滑动的控制杆以及介质部；
    所述固定组件中设置有第一带线组，所述第一带线组包括两个带线；
    所述滑动组件位于所述固定组件的上方，所述滑动组件中设置有第二带线组；所述第二带线组包括两个带线，所述第二带线组中的两个带线与所述第一带线组中的两个带线分别耦合电连接，所述第二带线组呈U型；
    其中，所述第一带线组和/或所述第二带线组中的每个带线包括第一带线部和第二带线部，所述第一带线部的宽度大于所述第二带线部的宽度，所述第二带线部的周侧设置有所述介质部，所述介质部与所述第二带线部所构成的阻抗与所述第一带线部的阻抗的差值在第一范围内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的移相器，其特征在于，所述介质部包括第一介质部和第二介质部；
    所述第一介质部位于所述滑动组件的上方且处于所述第二带线部的移动范围内，所述第二介质部位于所述滑动组件的下方且处于所述第二带线部的移动范围内。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的移相器，其特征在于，所述介质部的介电常数在第二范围内，所述介电常数与所述第二带线部的宽度呈负相关关系。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的移相器，其特征在于，所述第一带线组中的两个带线和/或所述第二带线组中的两个带线为带有金属化孔的带线。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的移相器，其特征在于，所述第一带线组中的两个带线和/或所述第二带线组中的两个带线为双面附有金属的带线。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的移相器，其特征在于，
    所述腔体有至少两个，所述至少两个腔体中有至少两个腔体共用同一接地线。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的移相器，其特征在于，所述移相器还包括位于所述第一带线组和所述第二带线组之间的弹性件，所述第一带线组和所述第二带线组之间的距离受限于所述弹性件的约束属于预设范围内，所述预设范围为所述第一带线组和所述第二带线组耦合电连接时所需的距离范围。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的移相器，其特征在于，
    所述第二带线组有至少两组，所述至少两组第二带线组同向或者相向设置。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任一所述的移相器，其特征在于，所述第一带线组中的带线中用于输出信号的带线与天线中的辐射单元电性相连。
  10. 一种天线，其特征在于，其包括如权利要求1至9任一所述的移相器。
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US20180090838A1 (en) 2018-03-29
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