WO2016169668A1 - Dispositif d'assemblage - Google Patents

Dispositif d'assemblage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016169668A1
WO2016169668A1 PCT/EP2016/053324 EP2016053324W WO2016169668A1 WO 2016169668 A1 WO2016169668 A1 WO 2016169668A1 EP 2016053324 W EP2016053324 W EP 2016053324W WO 2016169668 A1 WO2016169668 A1 WO 2016169668A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
joining
punch
longitudinal axis
hold
joining element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2016/053324
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Lars WIESE
Jan Kretschmer
Christoffer Meyer
Manfred Reinholtz
Original Assignee
Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2016169668A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016169668A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/025—Setting self-piercing rivets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/08—Riveting by applying heat, e.g. to the end parts of the rivets to enable heads to be formed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/10—Riveting machines
    • B21J15/30—Particular elements, e.g. supports; Suspension equipment specially adapted for portable riveters
    • B21J15/32—Devices for inserting or holding rivets in position with or without feeding arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
    • B23K11/11—Spot welding
    • B23K11/115—Spot welding by means of two electrodes placed opposite one another on both sides of the welded parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/30—Features relating to electrodes
    • B23K11/3009—Pressure electrodes
    • B23K11/3018—Cooled pressure electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0205—Non-consumable electrodes; C-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/222—Non-consumable electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
    • B23K35/284—Mg as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
    • B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
    • B23P19/001—Article feeders for assembling machines
    • B23P19/006—Holding or positioning the article in front of the applying tool

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a defined as in the preamble of claim 1 joining device for joining at least two particular plate-shaped components.
  • a joining device of the aforementioned type is known for example from DE 195 12 198 A1.
  • This joining device is designed as a punch rivet and uses punch rivets as joining elements.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object as the aforementioned joining device so educate that this wear can also be used for joining at least two components in the mixed construction. This is achieved with the features in the characterizing part of claim 1. Further developments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.
  • a joining device for assembling at least two components comprises an elongated joining punch and a counterholder and a feeding device.
  • the joining die and the counter-holder are arranged opposite one another in order to receive the components arranged on one another between one another.
  • the joining punch is movable along a central longitudinal axis thereof, in order to move a working longitudinal end of the joining punch with an advancing movement towards the counterholder and with a movement away from it.
  • the feeding device has a guide channel, which extends along its length perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the joining punch, so that a rivet-like joining element along the Guide channel in a feed direction to the working longitudinal end of the joining punch can be fed to a deployment position.
  • a guide channel which extends along its length perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis of the joining punch, so that a rivet-like joining element along the Guide channel in a feed direction to the working longitudinal end of the joining punch can be fed to a deployment position.
  • an end face of a cylindrical head section of the joining element faces the working longitudinal end of the joining punch, and a center longitudinal axis of the joining element is aligned coaxially with the center longitudinal axis of the joining punch.
  • the feeding device is also set up to secure the supplied joining element during a feed movement of the joining punch against tilting in the central longitudinal axis,
  • the joining device according to the invention is characterized in that the joining punch and the counter-holder act as electrical electrodes and current control means are provided, which are set up to apply controlled electric current to the joining punch and the counterholder, in order to carry out a resistance welding electrical current flow through the joining element realize.
  • joining device in which joining punches and counter-holders also act as electrical electrodes in addition to their mechanical pressing action, which can be acted upon by electrical current controlled, a mechanically combined combined Sch spanietrind can be realized in which the mechanical loads are greatly reduced.
  • the joining device can be used wear-resistant for joining at least two components in the mixed construction.
  • the joining element is introduced by a longitudinal end of a shaft portion of which is pressed by the joining die in contact with one of the components and an electrical initial current flow or pre-pulse through the electrically conductive joining element and the electrically conductive component is realized, so that the one Component is made flowable in the contact area to the joining element.
  • the shaft portion is driven by the pressing force pushed through the flowable contact area of the one component until the longitudinal end of the shaft portion contacts the other component and a head portion of the joining element comes into contact with the one component.
  • an electric welding current flow is realized through the joining member and the electrically conductive other member contacted from the longitudinal end of the shaft portion, so that the longitudinal end of the shaft portion and the other member are welded together by resistance welding.
  • the two components to be joined are made of metal, so that they are each electrically conductive. Even more preferably, the two components are each as metal formed sheet metal and are placed on each other for assembly flat or arranged on top of each other, so that the two components overlap each other in a mating overlapping section.
  • the one component is preferably made of a non-ferrous metal or light metal, in particular aluminum or an aluminum alloy or magnesium or a magnesium alloy, and preferably forms a cover plate.
  • the other component is preferably made of a ferrous metal such as in particular form-hardened steel and preferably forms a base sheet.
  • the joining element consists of a metallic material having a sufficiently high strength and melting temperature and a good welding metallurgical compatibility with the material of the other component (base plate).
  • the feed device at one end of the guide channel on a stop which defines the supply position for the joining element in the feed direction. This can advantageously be ensured that a joining element to be supplied is stopped automatically in its movement in the guide channel at the ready position, whereby the feeding is made easier and more repeatable. As a result, the reliability of the joining device is increased.
  • the supply device has a position assurance, which engages in a spring-biased manner in the guide channel at a longitudinal position in front of the provision position, in order to block the joining element located in the provision position against movement against the feed direction.
  • the feeding device has two elongated jaws which, juxtaposed, define the guide channel for guiding the joining element along the guide channel with radially engaging jaws on diametrically opposite sides of its head portion with predefined clamping force.
  • the two clamping jaws preferably have mutually adjacent respective first longitudinal ends, which are each mounted so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis extending parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the joining punch and which have an entry end of the guide define channels.
  • the two clamping jaws also have mutually adjacent respective second longitudinal ends, which define in the provision position a along the central longitudinal axis of the joining punch extending apertures.
  • the passage is defined so that the joining element in the ready position under the predefined clamping force at its head portion is radially clamped and is vorantreibbar in an advancing movement of the joining die while overcoming the clamping force along the central longitudinal axis of the joining die towards the anvil.
  • the joining device By clamping the joining element in the guide channel and in the passage, a further degree of freedom of the joining element can be blocked or falling out of the joining element from the guide channel or the provisioning position can be prevented.
  • all degrees of freedom of a padding element to be supplied or supplied can be blocked, so that the joining device can be used in any joining positions (for example, overhead) without risk of displacement for the joining element. In this way, the joining device with high reliability is extremely flexible to handle or use.
  • a sleeve-shaped hold-down which has a circular cylindrical interior with a central longitudinal axis, which is aligned coaxially to the central longitudinal axis of the joining die.
  • the interior of the hold-down is configured to allow passage of the joining die for a feed movement and a Wegstellterrorism and to secure a fed joining element in a feed movement of the joining die by circumferentially enclosing an outer diameter or a lateral surface of the head portion against tilting in the central longitudinal axis.
  • the holding-down device can be moved separately parallel to the joining punch with a predetermined force in order to move a longitudinal end face of the holding-down device perpendicular to the center longitudinal axis of the joining punch with an advancing movement towards the counterholder and with a movement away from it.
  • the lateral surface of the head portion of the joining element serves as a contact surface to a peripheral surface of the interior of the blank holder to guide the pad member through the interior of the blank holder.
  • the joining element can thus be guided at its head section without being pressed by the hold-down until tilting, until the joining element reaches the cover plate surface (a free side of the one component).
  • the joining element it is advantageously possible for the joining element to come to rest essentially perpendicular to the cover sheet surface on the one component.
  • hold-down drive means are provided to drive the hold-down for advancement and travel.
  • the hold-down drive means are arranged to provide a compression spring action at least during the feed movement. In this way it can be advantageously ensured that a hold-down force of the blank holder is damped when placed on the free side (cover plate surface) of a component.
  • punch driving means are provided to drive the plunger for advancement and travel.
  • the joining punch is formed at least in two parts, with a first joining punch part being connected to the punch drive means and a second joining punch part defining the working longitudinal end of the joining punch.
  • the first and the second joining punch part are releasably connected to each other.
  • the second joining punch part can advantageously act as a replaceable or regenerable wearing part, whereby the maintenance and conversion of the joining device can be facilitated.
  • At least one of the first and second joining die parts is internally provided with a coolant passage for circulating coolant.
  • the joining punch part provided with the coolant passage is provided with outer reinforcing ribs in the extension region of the coolant passage.
  • This rigidity-optimized design allows the coolant passage (e.g., in diameter) to be made larger, resulting in improved cooling characteristics for the plunger and thus improved wear performance.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic side sectional view of a joining device according to an embodiment of the invention in a first operating state.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic side sectional view of the joining device of Fig. 1 in a second operating state.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic side sectional view of the joining device of Fig. 1 in a third operating state.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic side sectional view of the joining device of FIG. 1 in a fourth operating state.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic side sectional view of the joining device of Fig. 1 in a fifth operating state.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic side sectional view of the joining device of FIG. 1 in a sixth operating state.
  • FIG. 7 shows a perspective view into the interior of a setting head of the joining device of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 8 shows an exploded perspective view of the setting head of the joining device of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a hold-down device of the joining device of FIG. 1 in a first axial adjustment.
  • Fig. 10 shows a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the hold-down device of the joining device of Fig. 1 in a second axial adjustment.
  • Fig. 1 1 shows a schematic side sectional view of a joining punch part of a joining punch of the joining device of Fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 12 shows, in three different views, a joining punch part of a joining punch of the joining device of FIG. 1 according to a further embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 13 shows, in three different views, a joining punch part of a joining punch of the joining device of FIG. 1 according to yet another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 14 shows, in three different views, a joining punch part of a joining punch of the joining device of FIG. 1 according to yet another embodiment of the invention.
  • the joining device 1 according to the present embodiment of the invention is as a welding tongs (not fully shown) trained, as it is used for resistance spot welding.
  • the joining device 1 can be realized using any customary C-arm welding tongs.
  • the two components B1, B2 to be assembled are made of metal, so that they are each electrically conductive. More specifically, according to the present embodiment of the present invention, the two components B1, B2 are each formed as a metal sheet and are stacked on one another for assembly, so that the two components overlap each other in an overlapping portion to be joined, as shown in FIG.
  • a first component B1 of the two components B1, B2 is made of a non-ferrous metal or light metal, in particular aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • a second component B2 of the two components B1, B2 is made of a ferrous metal such as in particular form-hardened steel. The second component B2 forms a base sheet in the present embodiment, whereas the first component B1 forms a cover plate.
  • the joining device 1 embodied as a welding tongs has a setting head 2, an elongate joining die 3 which acts as a first electrical electrode and which extends in a relatively movable manner through the setting head 2, a counter holder 4 acting as a second electrode for the setting head 2 and the joining die 3, Drive means 10, 15 for driving the setting head 2 and the joining die 3 and a control device 20 for mechanical and electrical control of the joining device 1.
  • current control means a current control unit
  • the current control means 21 are set up to apply electrical current to the joining members 3, 1 and the counterholder 4 in order to assemble the two components B1, B2 in order to realize electrical current flow via a joining element 90 in order to carry out resistance welding.
  • the setting head 2 comprises a feed device 30 for feeding or positioning electrically conductive joining elements 90 for joining the two components B1, B2.
  • the joining elements 90 each consist of a metallic material which has a sufficiently high strength and melting temperature and a good weld metallurgical compatibility with the high-strength steel material of the second component B2.
  • each joining member 90 is each in the form of a circular cylindrical rivet (rivet-like). More specifically, as shown in Fig. 1, each joining member 90 has a circular cylindrical shaft portion 91 and a first one Longitudinal end 91 .1 of the shaft portion 91 integrally formed circular cylindrical head portion 92, which has a relation to the shaft portion 91 enlarged outer diameter.
  • the joining die 3 and the counter-holder 4 are arranged opposite one another in order to receive the superimposed components B1, B2 with their overlapping section between each other.
  • the joining die 3 is movable along a central longitudinal axis A1 or in a working direction R1 (see FIG. 1) about a working longitudinal end 3L1 (see FIG. 6) of the joining die 3 with a feed movement towards the counterholder 4 and with a movement away from it to move.
  • the drive means comprise punch drive means 10 which are connected to the control device 20, so that the feed movement and the Wegstellterrorism of the joining die 3 are controllable by the control device 30.
  • the punch drive means 10 comprise a coaxial with the plunger 3 arranged pneumatic cylinder 10.1.
  • the setting head 2 also comprises a sleeve-shaped hold-down 60 attached thereto (see FIG. 2), which has a circular-cylindrical interior 61 (see FIG. 1) with a central longitudinal axis (not separately designated) which is aligned coaxially to the central longitudinal axis A1 of the joining die 3.
  • the interior 61 of the hold-down 60 is configured to allow passage of the joining die 3 for its advancing movement and movement.
  • the holding-down device 60 can be moved separately with a predetermined force parallel to the joining punch 3, around a longitudinal end face 62 (see FIGS. 5 and 8-10) of the hold-down 60 perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis A1 of the joining punch 3 with a feed movement toward the counter-holder 4 to move away from it with a movement of the path.
  • the drive means comprise hold-down drive means 15, which are connected to the control device 20, so that the feed movement and the Wegstellterrorism of the blank holder 60 independently of the joining die 3 by the control device 30 are controllable.
  • the hold-down drive means 15 comprise two pneumatic cylinders 15.1, 15.2 arranged on both sides of the joining die 3, the piston rods of which are coupled to the setting head 2.
  • annular mold cavity 61 .1 (see FIGS. 9 and 10) with a specific axial depth (in working direction) is provided. R1) and an inner diameter which is greater than the outer diameter of the head portion 92 of the respective joining elements 90.
  • the joining punch 3 and the setting head 2 together with the feeding device 30 and the hold-down 60 are moved away from the counterholder 4 by the control device 30 to receive the overlapping portion of the first and second components B1, B2 to be joined therebetween as shown in FIG.
  • the feeding device 30 of the setting head 2 is provided and arranged to position a respective joining element 90 required for the joining process so that the positioned joining element 90 faces the first component B1 with a free second longitudinal end 91.2 of the shaft section 91 facing away from the head section 92. as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the delivery device 30 comprises a housing 31 in which two elongated jaws 32, 33 arranged side by side define a guide channel 34 between each other.
  • the guide channel 34 extends along its length perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis A1 of the joining die 3, so that a respective joining element 90 along the guide channel 34 in a feed direction R2 to the working longitudinal end 3L1 of the joining die 3 to a deployment position as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 7 P1 can be fed.
  • the joining element 90 can be fed in such a way that in the ready position P1 an end face 92.1 of the head section 92 of the joining element 90 faces the working longitudinal end 3L1 of the joining die 3 and a central longitudinal axis (not separately designated) of the joining element 3 is aligned coaxially to the central longitudinal axis A1 of the joining die 3 ,
  • the two clamping jaws 32, 33 each have mutually adjacent respective first longitudinal ends 32.1, 33.1, which are each mounted pivotably about a pivot axis A2, A3 extending parallel to the central longitudinal axis A1 of the joining die 3 and which have an entry end (for joining elements 90) of the guide channel 34 define.
  • the two clamping jaws 32, 33 are biased towards each other from the outside by means of two compression springs 36 in order to secure the joining element 90 with clamping jaws 32 radially acting on the diametrically opposite sides of its head section 92 with the predefined clamping force. 33 to lead along the guide channel 34.
  • the two clamping jaws 32, 33 also have mutually adjacent respective second longitudinal ends 32.2, 33.2 which, in the provision position P1, extend along the co-operating position P1.
  • pitch axis A1 of the joining die 3 and coaxially extending passage 35 define.
  • the passage 35 is defined so that the joining element 90 in the ready position P1 under the predefined clamping force at its head portion 92 is radially clamped and at a feed movement of the joining die 3 by overcoming the clamping force along the central longitudinal axis A1 of the joining die 3 in the direction of the anvil. 4 is constitutestreibbar.
  • the feed device 30 In order to define the supply position P1 for a joining element 90 to be supplied in the feed direction R2 of the guide channel 34, the feed device 30 has a stop 37 at one end of the guide channel 34. In order to block a joining element 90 located in the provisioning position P1 from moving counter to the feed direction R2, the feeding device 30 also has a position securing device 38 which engages in the guide channel 34 in a spring-biased manner at a longitudinal position in front of the provisioning position P1. More specifically, the position assurance 38 comprises two pivotally mounted in the housing 31 each latch 38.1, 38.2, which are biased by respective compression springs 39 so that free longitudinal ends of the latch 38.1, 38.2 are pressed in each case in the depth direction of the guide channel 34.
  • the head section 92 passing the free longitudinal ends of the latches 38.1, 38.2 presses the latches 38.1, 38.2 against the spring preload out of the guide channel 34 and locks the free longitudinal ends of the latches 38.1, 38.2 behind the head section 92 for position assurance in the guide channel 34, as soon as the joining element 90 is in the ready position P1.
  • the feeding device 30 is also configured to secure a supplied respective joining element 90 against tilting in the central longitudinal axis during a feed movement of the joining punch 3, with which the joining element 90 is pressed out of the ready position P1 in the direction of the counter-holder 4. More specifically, the inner space 61 of the hold-down 60 is configured to secure the respective joining element 90 in the feed movement of the joining die 3 by circumferentially enclosing an outer diameter or a lateral surface of the head portion 92 against tilting in the central longitudinal axis. As can be seen from FIG. 8, for this purpose an inner sleeve 60.
  • the hold-down 60 is preferably used in the hold-down 60 as a guide bush which defines the inner space 61 of the hold-down 60 and the inner peripheral surface of which during the feed movement of the joining punch 3 has a guide surface for the outer diameter or Formed lateral surface of the head portion 92 of the respective joining element 90.
  • the setting head 2 and the joining punch 3 can be moved by the control device 30 towards the counter holder 4 via a common feed movement in the working direction R1, until the longitudinal end surface 62 of the hold-down 60 comes to rest on an upper free side of the first component B1 facing away from the second component B2, thereby forcing a free side of the second component B2, which faces away from the first component B1, against the anvil 4, as in FIG. 2 shown.
  • the setting head 2 is driven by the two pneumatic cylinders 15.1, 15.2, so that a hold-down force of the blank holder 60 is damped when placed on the free side of the first component B1.
  • the hold-down drive means 15 are arranged to provide a compression spring action for the hold-down 60 in the feed motion.
  • a vent valve (not shown) on both pneumatic cylinders 15.1, 15.2, it is advantageously possible to control the hold-down force in relation to the compliance of the vent valve.
  • the hold-down force e.g. be set between 100 N to 3000 N and adapted to the joining process.
  • the joining punch 3 controlled by the control device 30 After placing the blank holder 60 on the free side of the first component B1, the joining punch 3 controlled by the control device 30 performs a feed movement in the working direction R1, with its working longitudinal end 3L1 under compressive force to the shaft portion 91 opposite end surface 92.1 of the head portion 92 of the positioned joining element 90 contact and the joining element 90 to push through the inner sleeve 60.2 of the blank holder 60 until the second longitudinal end 91.2 of the shaft portion 91 is seated under the pressing force of the joining die 3 on the free side of the first component B1, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the current control means 21 of the control device 20 are set up, in this state an initial electrical current flow or pre-pulse through the joining element 90 and the first component B1 to realize. More precisely, in the present embodiment of the invention, the initial flow of current through the joining die 3, the seated joining element 90, the first component B1, the second component B2 and the anvil 4 passes through.
  • the initial flow of current serves to make the first component B1 flowable in a contact region in which the second longitudinal end 91 .2 of the shank portion 91 of the joining element 90 is pressed against the free side of the first component B1, so that the shank abutment driven by the pressing force of the joining punch 3 in the contact region through the first component B1 can be pressed until the second longitudinal end 91.2 contacts the second component B2 and the head section 92 of the joining element 90 comes into contact with the first component B1, as in FIG. 4 shown.
  • the initial current flow can be realized with a linear current increase or with a pulse-shaped current increase. During the linear current increase, the material of the first component B1 is plasticized in the contact area (brought into a doughy state). On the other hand, the impulse-shaped increase in current leads to a fusion of the material in the contact area.
  • the mold cavity 61.1 of the hold-down 60 serves to effect a local limitation of the material flow of the first component B1. More precisely, the mold cavity 61 .1 of the hold-down 60 intercepts the flowable material displaced by the contact area of the first component B1 and forms it around the lateral surface of the head portion 92 of the joining element 90, so that the formed and solidified melt completely surrounds the lateral surface.
  • the shell surface of the head portion 92 has either a smooth surface or a surface structure defined (e.g., screened) to provide improved adhesion properties to the flowable material to be formed about the shell surface.
  • the surface of the mold cavity or hold-down groove 61.1 has a defined geometry for the forming and preferably a structured surface finish.
  • an inner surface 61.2 (see FIG. 9) of the hold-down 60 delimiting the axial depth of the mold cavity 61 .1 is provided with a defined structure.
  • the structure is formed to have adhesion-reducing properties so as to prevent adhesion of the flowable material displaced by the contact portion of the first member B1 to the inner surface 61, of the mold cavity 61, 1. Additionally or alternatively, the structure may be configured to reduce the wear on the inner surface 61 .2. Additionally or alternatively, the structure may be configured to provide a functional surface on the deformed head portion 92 of the joining element 90.
  • the structure of the inner surface 61.2 of the hold-60 may, for example, grid-shaped, diamond-shaped, globular or linear.
  • the hold-down device 60 preferably also has a degassing bore (not shown in the figures) in order to allow oxygen to escape from the joining zone, which is regarded as a disturbing variable with regard to the bead surface (shaped head section 92) and should be kept away from the joining process.
  • the hold-down drive means 15 by selectively controlling the hold-down drive means 15 with the control device 20, it is possible to arbitrarily vary the hold-down force (pressing force) in a range of 100 N to 3 kN to influence the material flow of the material of the first component B1.
  • the respective sheet thickness of the first component B1 on the basis of physical properties, which are stored in a control program can be detected and the necessary power of the initial current flow can be adapted to the detected sheet thickness.
  • the hold-down 60 can be constructed in multiple stages in order to be able to flexibly adapt the melt-filling volume to the sheet-metal thickness of the first component B1, since e.g. a thicker sheet thickness results in a larger filling volume of the melt in the mold cavity or hold-down groove 61.1.
  • the hold-down device 60 has an outer sleeve 60.1 defining the longitudinal end surface 62 and the inner sleeve (guide sleeve) 60.2 defining the inner space 61 of the hold-down 60, which is inserted axially into the outer sleeve 60.1, so that an annular flange 60.3 is provided which corresponds to the longitudinal end surface 62 Longitudinal end of the inner sleeve 60.2 is provided, is fitted into the inner diameter of the mold cavity 61.1.
  • An axial width or thickness dimension of the annular flange 60.3 is smaller by a predetermined difference than the axial depth of the mold cavity 61.1, so that by axial in the outer sleeve 60.1 displacement of the inner sleeve 60.2 of the annular flange 60.3 in the mold cavity 61.1 is axially adjustable by the predetermined difference and thereby the axial depth of the mold cavity 61.1 is variable.
  • the inner sleeve forms 60.2 with the annular flange 60.3 a closing mechanism with which the Niederhalternut penmesser can be changed.
  • 9 shows the annular flange 60.3 of the inner sleeve 60.2 in an axial adjustment for eg sheet thickness ⁇ 1.5 mm, and Fig.
  • FIG. 10 shows the annular flange 60.3 of the inner sleeve 60.2 in an axial adjustment for example sheet thicknesses> 1, 5 mm.
  • a hold-down 60 may be provided without adjustable inner sleeve 60.2. Different hold-down devices 60 (with different axial depths of the mold cavity 61.1) are then required for different filling volumes.
  • the current control means 21 of the control device 20 are also set up as soon as the second longitudinal end 91 .2 of the shank portion 91 of the joining element 90 pushed through the first component B1 has contacted the second component B2 and the displaced flowable material of the first component B1 around the lateral surface of the head section 92 of the joining element 90 is formed and solidified to realize an electric welding current flow through the joining element 90 and the second component B2.
  • the welding current flow is then realized so that the second longitudinal end 91.2 of the shaft portion 91 and the second component B2 are welded together by resistance welding to form a weld nugget.
  • the welding current flow is compared to the initial current flow with a relatively high current, i. with a higher maximum current value than the initial current flow realized.
  • the setting head 2 and the joining die 3 make a common Wegstellterrorism in the direction R1 to both the longitudinal end face 62 of the blank holder 60 and the Working longitudinal end 3L1 of the joining die 3 away from the free side of the first component B1 and the counter-holder 4, as shown in Fig. 6.
  • the Wegstellterrorism of the setting head 2 is upstream of that of the joining die 3, as shown in Fig. 5, to protect the hold-60 during welding (especially in the welding current flow) from contamination and damage.
  • the joining die 3 is formed at least in two parts, a first joining die part 3.1 (see FIG. 1) being connected either directly or via one or more further joining die parts to the stamp drive means 10 and a second joining die part 3.2 (FIG. Specifically, in Figures 1 1 to 14 with the reference numerals 3.2, 3.2 ', 3.2 ", 3.2"'), the working longitudinal end 3L1 of the joining die 3 defined.
  • the first joining punch part 3.1 and the second joining punch part 3.2 are detachably connected to each other.
  • at least the second joining punch part 3.2 is provided in its interior with a coolant passage for circulating coolant.
  • Fig. 1 1 is shown as a first embodiment of the second joining punch part 3.2 of the joining die 3 designed as a bottleneck electrode with inner coolant passage.
  • the second joining punch part 3.2 is used directly as an electrode cap and is placed with its inner cone (not separately designated) on an outer cone of a standardized electrode shaft as the first joining punch part 3.1.
  • the second joining punch part 3.2 'of the joining punch 3 is shown as a bottleneck electrode with two outer flanks (ribs) and inner coolant passage.
  • the coolant passage second joining punch part 3.2 'in the extension region of the coolant passage is provided with outer reinforcing ribs.
  • the reinforcing ribs are used to increase the rigidity in order to provide the largest possible coolant passage for the electrode. Thanks to the reinforcing ribs, it is even easier to ensure that the bottleneck electrode does not fail despite the passage of coolant through the compressive stresses that occur during the process during the introduction of force.
  • the power flow in this case runs over the reinforcing ribs or flanks of the shaft and is then forwarded to the adjacent sections, as indicated in FIG. 12 by the arrows within the hatching.
  • the second joining punch part 3.2 ' is again used directly as an electrode cap and is placed with its inner cone (not separately designated) on an outer cone of a standardized electrode shaft as the first joining punch part 3.1.
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 show two modified embodiments of the embodiment of FIG. 12.
  • the second joining punch part 3.2 ", 3.2" is designed in two parts as a bottleneck electrode with two outer flanks (ribs) and inner coolant passage, so that the second joining punch part 3.2 ", 3.2” 'has an electrical tap receptacle shaft with inner cone (FIG. 13) or with outer cone (FIG. 14) as well as an electrode cap 3.3 ", 3.3” 'releasably connected to the cone of the electrode receiving shaft.
  • the electrode cap receiving shaft which is not a wearing part, is constructed so that it is analogous to the embodiments of Figures 1 1 and 12 as a punch and can be performed by the setting head 2. With this electrode cap penholder shaft is advantageous the integration of cooling tubes from the welding tongs possible.
  • Each electrode cap 3.3 “, 3.3”' has a coolant passage to allow both inflow through the cooling tube and drainage through the wall of the coolant passage.
  • the electrode caps 3.3 ", 3.3” can be inexpensively pressed (cold beaten) eg fully forward.
  • a further advantage of the embodiments of FIGS. 13 and 14 lies in the relatively smaller diameter of the electrode cap 3.3 ", 3.3" 'compared to standard caps used in resistance element welding. This makes it possible to use the joining device 1 on flange widths of components B1, B2 up to 12 mm. Overall, the stiffness-optimized embodiments of FIGS. 12 to 14 allow larger coolant passages than the standardized bottleneck electrodes, which leads to improved cooling properties of the electrode and thus to improved wear behavior.
  • the first and second components B1, B2 are arranged on each other as shown in Fig. 1, so that the first and second components B1, B2 overlap each other at least in the overlapping portion.
  • a joining element 90 as described above is provided via a profile hose 40 (see FIG. 7) acted upon by compressed air and supplied by means of the feed device 30 and positioned in the provision position P1.
  • the hold-down device 60 makes a feed movement in the working direction R1 toward the counter-holder 4 until the longitudinal end face 62 of the hold-down 60 comes to rest on the upper free side of the first component B1 and thereby the free side of the second component B2 against the counter-holder 4 is pressed, as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the joining element 90 with the second longitudinal end 91.2 of the shank section 91 facing away from the head section 91 is introduced under pressure into the first component B1 until the shank section 91 has penetrated the first component B1 and the second longitudinal end 91.2 of the shank section 91 second component B2 contacted. More precisely, according to the joining method, the insertion of the joining element 90 into the first component B1 is carried out by pressing the second longitudinal end 91 .2 of the shank portion 91 against the first component B1 in contact with the first component B1 by an advancing movement of the joining die 3 in the working direction R1 towards the anvil 4; as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the joining element 90 In order to reliably guide the joining element 90 to the setting head 2 and to be able to hold it without tilting for any welding positions (eg overhead), the joining element 90 is guided on the head section 92 between the two clamping jaws 32, 33, which are tensioned on the outside with the two compression springs 36 are. As a result, the necessary clamping force for holding the head portion 92 is given.
  • the spring-mounted position assurance 38 ensures that the joining element 90 can no longer be displaced in the direction of the feeding profile tube 40 from the ready position P1.
  • the joining element 90 is pressed at its head portion 92 without tilting through the guide bush until the second longitudinal end 91.2 of the joining element 90, the cover plate surface (free side of the first component B1) has reached.
  • the electrical current flow through the joining element 90 and the first component B1 is realized by the current control means 21 in such a way that the first component B1 in the contact region to the joining element 90 is rendered flowable.
  • the shaft portion 91 driven by the urging force of the ram 3 is pushed by the flowable contact portion of the first member B1, whereby the head portion 92 comes into contact with the first member B1, as shown in FIG.
  • the joining method when the contact portion of the first component B1 is made to flow by forcing the shank portion 91 of the joining element 90, material of the first component B1 is caused by displacement to flow toward the head portion 92 of the joining element 90, so that the head portion 92 in FIG the displaced material of the first component B1 is immersed.
  • that of the shank portion 91 of the joining element ment 90 displaced material when flowing through the Formkavitat 61.1 of the blank holder 60 out so that the head portion 92 of the joining member 90 except for the pressure applied to the shaft portion 91 opposite end surface 92.1 which is completely enclosed by the displaced material of the first component B1.
  • the mold cavity 61 .1 of the hold-down 60 intercepts the flowable material displaced by the contact area of the first component B1 and forms it around the lateral surface of the head portion 92 of the joining element 90, so that the formed and solidified melt completely surrounds the lateral surface.
  • heat is generated by the initial current flow via resistive heating at the contact resistors.
  • the joining element 90 is melted with the aid of heat over time through the first component B1 with the initial current flow or pre-pulse.
  • the material of the first component B1 melts locally in the contact area and is forced into the mold cavity or hold-down ring groove 61.1 by the influence of the Niederhait influence for axial plastic flow in the direction of the head section 92 and is caught and shaped there.
  • a surface of the material of the first component B1 enclosing the head section 92 of the joining element 90 is provided by the inner surface 61.2 of the mold cavity 61 .1 of the hold-down 60 with a defined structure which serves to reduce the adhesion and / or to provide a functional surface.
  • the electric current flowing through the joining element 90 and the second longitudinal end of the current control means 21 91.2 of the shaft portion 91 contacted second component B2 realized, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the welding current flow is realized so that the second longitudinal end 91.2 of the shaft portion 91 and the second component B2 are welded together by resistance welding to form a weld nugget.
  • the setting head 2 with the hold-down 60 can be moved away from the counter-holder 4 and the first component B1 by means of a movement in the working direction R1, as shown in FIG. 5, around the hold-down 60 during the production of the weld nugget from dirt and damage to protect.
  • a connection of the two components B1, B2 (joining partner) is realized via an additional element (joining element 90), wherein the metallurgically incompatible materials of the two components B1, B2 are not be mixed together.
  • the joining method according to the invention is to some extent designed in one stage, since the joining element 90, unlike conventional methods, is no longer mechanically punched through, but in combination with mechanical-thermal influence, e.g. with a conventional spot welding gun in the first component B1 (here aluminum sheet) is melted.
  • the joining element 90 consists of a material which has the necessary strength and melting temperature for punching through and melting through of the first component (in this case lightweight material) and good weld metallurgical compatibility with the second component B2 (in this case high-strength steel material).
  • the shape of the joining element 90 and the dimensions can be chosen so that high strengths and high through-melting properties can be achieved in all loading directions.
  • the invention can be advantageously used e.g. for a mixed construction in vehicle body construction, whereby common steel materials with lightweight materials such. Aluminum and magnesium are joined together.
  • the invention can be advantageously realized using standard spot welding guns and has high automation potential, since advantageously a welding control and monitoring is implemented in the control device 20.
  • workpieces with prefixed joining element 90 are available, these can be used, for example. be introduced into production facilities of the body shop for the conventional steel construction.
  • Both conventional steel construction and steel / aluminum composite construction can be produced via a single production line.
  • the hold-down 60 is advantageously designed in such a way that it can be disassembled and mounted within a short time (for example 2 minutes) in order to realize the fastest possible and flexible changing on the installation.
  • the invention ensures a uniform reproducibility of the joining process with concentric positioning of joining elements 90 under the joining die or the welding electrode 3.
  • the two pneumatic cylinders 15.1, 15.2 for controlling the holding force and the movement of the blank holder 60 may optionally be controlled so that during the process the blank holder 60 is raised axially in order to avoid contamination or damage of the blank holder 60 by welding spatter. In this case, the hold-60 moves away from the weld.
  • the raising of the pneumatic cylinder 15.1, 15.2 and the hold 60 has no influence on the execution of the welding process itself.
  • the fully retracted cylinder position of the pneumatic cylinder 15.1, 15.2 is used to release the electrode cap of the joining die 3, for example, to allow a cap milling.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'assemblage servant à regrouper au moins deux composants, comprenant un poinçon d'assemblage et un contre-support, qui sont disposés de manière à se faire l'un l'autre afin de recevoir entre eux les composants, et un système d'amenée (30). Le poinçon d'assemblage peut être déplacé le long de son axe longitudinal central afin de déplacer une extrémité longitudinale de ce dernier par un déplacement de rapprochement en direction du contre-support et de l'en éloigner par un déplacement d'éloignement. Le système d'amenée comprend un canal de guidage (34), qui s'étend en longueur de manière perpendiculaire par rapport à l'axe longitudinal central du poinçon d'assemblage de sorte qu'un élément d'assemblage peut être amené le long du canal de guidage dans une direction d'amenée (R2) au niveau de l'extrémité longitudinale de travail sur une position de mise à disposition, dans laquelle une surface d'extrémité d'un tronçon supérieur de l'élément d'assemblage est tournée vers l'extrémité longitudinale de travail et un axe longitudinal central de l'élément d'assemblage est orienté de manière coaxiale par rapport à l'axe longitudinal central du poinçon d'assemblage. Le dispositif d'amenée est configuré pour empêcher l'élément d'assemblage amené, lors d'un déplacement de rapprochement du poinçon d'assemblage, de basculer dans l'axe longitudinal central. Le poinçon d'assemblage et le contre-support font office d'électrodes électriques. Sont également prévus des moyens de commande de courant qui sont configurés pour soumettre le poinçon d'assemblage et le contre-support de manière commandée à l'action d'un courant électrique afin de réaliser un flux de courant sur l'élément d'assemblage aux fins de la mise en œuvre d'un soudage par résistance.
PCT/EP2016/053324 2015-04-23 2016-02-17 Dispositif d'assemblage WO2016169668A1 (fr)

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DE102015207518.4A DE102015207518A1 (de) 2015-04-23 2015-04-23 Fügeeinrichtung

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WO2020182764A1 (fr) * 2019-03-11 2020-09-17 Böllhoff Verbindungstechnik GmbH Procédé de liaison pour au moins deux éléments structuraux, liaison d'assemblage obtenue avec celui-ci ainsi que dispositif d'assemblage pour ledit procédé de liaison
EP3337635B1 (fr) * 2015-08-17 2020-11-25 Grenzebach Maschinenbau GmbH Dispositif et procédé de soudage de tôles à faible valeur ohmique à une vitesse de production élevée
CN114273548A (zh) * 2021-12-28 2022-04-05 安庆汇通汽车部件股份有限公司 一种稳定杆翻边装置

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DE102017112448A1 (de) 2017-06-06 2018-12-06 Arnold & Shinjo Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteilverbunds sowie Kraftfahrzeug
DE102017113097A1 (de) 2017-06-14 2018-12-20 Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Kompensation von Fügebewegungen
DE102017221367A1 (de) 2017-11-29 2019-05-29 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Einrichtung, System und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteilverbunds sowie Kraftfahrzeug

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EP3337635B1 (fr) * 2015-08-17 2020-11-25 Grenzebach Maschinenbau GmbH Dispositif et procédé de soudage de tôles à faible valeur ohmique à une vitesse de production élevée
CN106734572A (zh) * 2016-12-30 2017-05-31 嘉兴优佳金属制品有限公司 组合扣件的连续冲裁组装模具和生产工艺
WO2020182764A1 (fr) * 2019-03-11 2020-09-17 Böllhoff Verbindungstechnik GmbH Procédé de liaison pour au moins deux éléments structuraux, liaison d'assemblage obtenue avec celui-ci ainsi que dispositif d'assemblage pour ledit procédé de liaison
CN114273548A (zh) * 2021-12-28 2022-04-05 安庆汇通汽车部件股份有限公司 一种稳定杆翻边装置
CN114273548B (zh) * 2021-12-28 2023-09-08 安庆汇通汽车部件股份有限公司 一种稳定杆翻边装置

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