WO2016169123A1 - 一种转角阻尼器及其安装方法 - Google Patents

一种转角阻尼器及其安装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016169123A1
WO2016169123A1 PCT/CN2015/082961 CN2015082961W WO2016169123A1 WO 2016169123 A1 WO2016169123 A1 WO 2016169123A1 CN 2015082961 W CN2015082961 W CN 2015082961W WO 2016169123 A1 WO2016169123 A1 WO 2016169123A1
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Prior art keywords
steel plate
annular steel
damper
bearing
convex tooth
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PCT/CN2015/082961
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杜修力
江志伟
路德春
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Beijing University of Technology
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Beijing University of Technology
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Priority to JP2016527170A priority Critical patent/JP6165981B1/ja
Publication of WO2016169123A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016169123A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of civil engineering, the field of structural vibration control, and in particular to a damping material corner damper.
  • the hinge point tends to produce limited relative rotation between the connecting rods on both sides of the hinge shaft under the action of excitation, and has the characteristics of small rotation angle and fast rotation speed, thereby being hinged.
  • a speed-dependent angular displacement damper is installed at the point to control the relative rotation between the articulated links; when the system is excited, the damper can generate a large damping force in a small rotational displacement in time, thereby Reduce the seismic response of the overall structure; in addition, the damper is small in size, requires less space for the building, is installed at nodes with low space utilization, has less impact on the building structure, and has normal use of the building structure. Functional and aesthetic effects are small.
  • the damping material can adopt a speed-dependent high-performance damping material with both viscosity and elasticity.
  • the damping force generated by the damping material is proportional to the speed, and the kinetic energy transmitted to the material can be
  • the internal energy consumption converted into the viscoelastic material is dissipated, and the invention has many advantages such as high vibration damping energy consumption, flexible arrangement, convenient installation and the like.
  • the object of the present invention is to design a structure of a corner damper dedicated to an articulated joint node and a mounting method thereof, and to provide a damping damping scheme for an articulated connection in a building structure.
  • the invention includes the following:
  • a corner damper includes a bearing having a regular inner cross section of a regular octagonal shape in a hole of a convex tooth on one side of the joint node; the bearing is embedded in the hole of the convex tooth, and the outer wall of the bearing is fixed to the convex tooth Inside the hole;
  • the two sides of the convex tooth are mutually symmetrical, and any part thereof includes: a positive octagonal torque transmission component, a transmission annular steel plate, a fixed annular steel plate, a damping material, a metal casing, a bearing and a fixing bracket;
  • the inside of the metal casing is arranged by the transmission annular steel plate and the fixed annular steel plate, and the damping material is arranged between the transmission annular steel plate and the fixed annular steel plate; the positive octagonal torque transmission component passes through the metal casing through the center of the transmission annular steel plate and the fixed annular steel plate. .
  • the octagonal torque transmission component is a regular octagonal hollow column with a regular eight-sided circular cross section and a regular octagonal hole extending longitudinally through the entire part.
  • the inner ring and the outer ring are concentric and similar regular octagons;
  • the transmission ring steel plate has a ring-shaped cross section of a regular octagon shape, and the outer ring has a circular cross section, and the inner ring just passes through the outer ring of the positive octagonal torque transmission component;
  • the metal casing is provided with a circular steel plate of a certain thickness at both ends, wherein one end steel plate has a circular hole capable of just mounting the bearing, and the other end steel plate has a cavity for the bearing to be embedded in the steel plate; the middle section has a circular cross section and the center has a circular hole into which a ring-shaped steel plate and a fixed annular steel plate can be placed;
  • the inner wall has a regular octagonal cross section.
  • the fixing bracket is longitudinally disposed on the side of the metal casing while being connected to the damper and the ground or the wall to resist the torque acting on the damper.
  • the positive octagonal torque transmission component drives the transmission annular steel plate to rotate by installing the pin shaft; and the damping material between the transmission annular steel plate and the fixed annular steel plate is sheared by the rotation of the transmission annular steel plate.
  • the invention provides a corner damper and a mounting method thereof, which are specially designed for the hinge point of a building to control the relative rotation of the two side links; the damping material used by the damper can be excited by the vibration load of the building structure, and the hinge point is limited.
  • the moment of rotation provides effective damping force and elastic force; the angle damper of the present invention can be installed at a hinge point with low utilization rate of the building space, and the change or influence on the building structure is small, and the building is normal.
  • the corner damper of the present invention does not It is directly included as part of the building structure. It can be installed after the completion of the main structure during construction. Similarly, it can be directly replaced or repaired after damage. Therefore, the corner damper of the present invention has high energy consumption efficiency. , installation, flexible layout, maintenance, replacement and other advantages.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a damping material corner damper according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the corner damper of the present invention taken along line A-A;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the B-B of the corner damper of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a C-C of a corner damper according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a D-D of a corner damper according to the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the E-E of the corner damper of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of a hinge point according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a front view and a left side view of a regular regular octagonal metal pin
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the installation of the corner damper in the M direction of Figure 7;
  • Figure 10 is a N-direction view of the corner damper of Figure 9 in Figure 9;
  • the corner damper of the present invention can be installed, that is, a damper is arranged on one side or both sides of the hinge point to control the hinge
  • the finite relative rotation of the convex teeth on both sides of the point provides a large damping force at the moment of rotation to improve the seismic resistance of the building structure.
  • the corner damper of the present invention can be used for vibration control or seismic strengthening of a new building or an existing building, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 , wherein FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1 , and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. BB sectional view, FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a CC sectional view of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 5 is a DD sectional view of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 6 is an EE sectional view of FIG. 1.
  • the damper is generally cylindrical, including: a positive octagonal torque transmission The component 1, the slit 11, the transmission annular steel plate 2, the weld bead 21, the fixed annular steel plate 3, the weld bead 31, the damping material 4, the metal casing 5, the fixing bracket 6, and the bearing 7. among them,
  • the octagonal torque transmission component 1 is a regular octagonal hollow column having a regular octagonal ring shape with a regular octagonal hole extending longitudinally through the entire center, and the inner and outer rings are concentric and similar regular octagons.
  • the inner ring and the outer ring have a certain thickness; the positive octagonal torque transmission member 1 extends longitudinally through the entire damper, and the two ends of the damper can be completely inserted into the bearings 7 at both ends.
  • the transmission annular steel plate 2 has a regular octagonal hole with a cross section of the positive octagonal torque transmission component 1 so that the positive octagonal torque transmission component 1 can pass through the central hole; the transmission annular steel plate 2 can be welded (welded)
  • the slit 21) is fixed to the positive octagonal torque transmission member 1 in a manner such that a certain gap is left between the steel plate and the metal casing 5, and can be rotated in accordance with the rotation of the positive octagonal torque transmission member 1.
  • the fixed annular steel plate 3 has a circular cross section and a circular hole at the center.
  • the radius of the circular hole is slightly larger than the radius of the circumcircle of the cross section of the positive octagonal torque transmission member 1, that is, there is a certain gap 11 therebetween.
  • the positive octagonal torque transmission component 1 can be freely rotated relative to the fixed annular steel plate 3; the fixed annular steel plate 3 can be fixed on the metal casing 5 by welding (weld seam 31) or the like, and staggered with the transmission annular steel plate 2, in both There is a certain gap between them.
  • high-strength steel or other materials can be used to make the positive octagonal torque transmission component 1 have better mechanical properties such as shear resistance and torsion resistance.
  • the damping material 4 should adopt a speed-dependent high-performance damping material which has both viscosity and elasticity;
  • the metal casing 5 is a metal cylinder as a whole, and has a hollow at the center, so that the positive octagonal torque transmission component 1, the transmission annular steel plate 2, the fixed annular steel plate 3 and the damping material 4 are placed therein; the metal casing 5 is round at both ends
  • the steel plate, wherein one end of the steel plate pointed by P is provided with a regular octagonal hole, so that the bearing 7 can be placed just right; the other end steel plate has a partial hollow inside the damper, and the outer side is closed; the longitudinal length of the metal outer casing 5 can be made of a damping material.
  • the number of arrangements of 4 is appropriately increased or decreased;
  • the fixing bracket 6 is disposed on the lateral cylindrical surface of the metal casing 5, and can be arranged in a plurality of longitudinal directions; the fixing bracket 6 can be connected to the fixed end such as the ground or the wall by bolts or the like, and can be welded and the metal casing 5 can be used. Connection; the structural form of the fixing bracket 6 can be changed correspondingly according to the actual situation, as long as the purpose of fixing the damper can be achieved.
  • the bearing 7 can be placed in the hole or cavity of the steel plate on both sides of the metal casing 5; the inner wall has a regular octagonal cross section, which can just pass or insert the positive octagonal torque transmission component 1 and can be used as a deep groove ball. Bearings such as bearings that can withstand large axial and lateral loads.
  • a corner damper according to the present invention taking a common hinged connecting component as an example, illustrating the installation and use method thereof, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , is a schematic diagram of a hinged connecting component, including three circular protruding teeth. 8.
  • Step S1 A bearing having an inner wall cross section of a regular octagonal shape is disposed in a hole of a convex tooth of one side of the hinge connection, and the other side convex tooth is arranged with a hole having a regular octagonal cross section.
  • a convex tooth bearing 81 is disposed on the three circular convex teeth 8, and a convex tooth regular octagonal hole 91 is disposed on the two circular convex teeth 9.
  • Step S2 The positive octagonal pin is simultaneously passed through the convex teeth on both sides of the hinge assembly and the equal extension segments are left on both sides of the convex teeth.
  • the presence of the convex tooth bearing 81 and the regular octagonal hole 91 enables the regular octagonal pin 10 to rotate relative to the three circularly protruding teeth 8 as the two circularly protruding teeth 9 rotate; the positive octagonal pin 10
  • the overhanging section should be provided with at least a length not less than the longitudinal length of the damper so that the regular octagonal pin 10 can be fully inserted and overlapped on the end bearings 7 inside the damper.
  • Step S3 The two corner dampers are respectively placed into the outriggers on both sides of the pin.
  • Step S4 Fix the damper to have the same degree of freedom as the convex teeth on which the bearing is mounted.
  • the fixing bracket 6 is connected to the wall/ground by means of bolts; the metal casing 5 can also be welded to the three circular protruding teeth 8.
  • Figure 9 and Figure 10 show a schematic diagram of a damping material corner damper installed at a hinge point. It can be seen that when the vibration load is transmitted to the hinge point, the two circular convex teeth 9 and the three round convex protrusions are obtained.
  • the teeth 8 rotate relative to each other, and the two circular convex teeth 9 drive the pin shaft 10, and the pin shaft 10 drives the positive octagonal torque transmission component 1 to rotate, thereby causing the transmission annular steel plate 2 and the fixed annular steel plate 3 to rotate relative to each other, even if the damping
  • the material 4 undergoes shear deformation to achieve dissipated energy, and controls the relative rotation of the two circular convex teeth 9 and the three circular convex teeth 8.
  • the damper material corner damper of the present invention can be installed at a plurality of hinge points of the same building. Since the damper is small in size and installed only at the building node, the damper is less constrained by the building space. It has less impact on the normal use of the building structure and the aesthetics of the building; even in some special architectural structures or small spaces In the meantime, the conventional support type damper cannot be installed or installed, and the effect is poor.
  • the damper of the present invention can be used as an alternative to the conventional support type damper.
  • a damping material corner damper can reasonably design a positive octagonal torque transmission component 1, a transmission annular steel plate 2, a fixed annular steel plate according to the size of the convex teeth on both sides of the hinge point and the damping demand of the building structure. 3. Size or number of damping material 4, metal casing 5, fixing bracket 6 and bearing 7.
  • the damper's force characteristics may change, and the material properties of some components need to be redesigned to reasonably change the material type and amount of some components.
  • the damper installation method of the invention enables the damper to be uniformly installed after the main body of the building structure is installed, and the plurality of sets of dampers can be installed at the same time, and the construction efficiency is high; similarly, if the damper occurs Damage, easy to repair or replace the damper, which is consistent with the current mainstream seismic design ideas.
  • a damping material corner damper and a mounting method thereof according to the present invention can also be used in combination with other vibration control methods to further improve the seismic performance of the building structure.
  • a damping material corner damper according to the present invention can also make partial structural changes according to different types of hinged configurations, and if these changes or deformations are still in the present invention Within the requirements, the invention also automatically includes those changes or modifications.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)

Abstract

一种转角阻尼器及其安装方法，包括：正八边形力矩传动部件、传动环形钢板、固定环形钢板、阻尼材料、金属外壳、轴承和固定支架；在安装阻尼器的一侧的凸齿上布置正八边形轴承，在另一侧凸齿上布置正八边形孔洞；以正八边形销轴连接凸齿，将阻尼器置入外伸的销轴，当两侧凸齿发生相对转动时，凸齿即可带动正八边形力矩传动部件使夹在传动环形钢板和固定环形钢板之间的阻尼材料发生剪切变形；该转角阻尼器可安装在建筑铰接点处用以对建筑结构进行振动控制，对建筑空间的需求较小，安装后对建筑的结构、正常使用功能和美观影响较小，具有耗能效率高，安装、布置灵活，维修、更换便捷等优点。

Description

一种转角阻尼器及其安装方法
本发明涉及土木工程领域，结构振动控制领域，尤其涉及一种阻尼材料转角阻尼器。
背景技术：
目前在结构振动控制领域，被动消能减振技术已经相对成熟，有多种性能优良的阻尼器已经被广泛地投入到实际工程中，其振动控制效果经过多次的地震考验，被认为是显著有效的。
近几年铰接连接的方式被大量应用到新建建筑当中，以铰接方式连接的节点可以释放节点的弯矩，在某些构造中具有独特的优势。但是，铰接连接方式还没有专用的消能减震装置及方法，这也包括应用铰接连接方式的摇摆自复位构件。
目前大量应用铰接连接的建筑，大都沿用几种传统的常见阻尼器，如摩擦阻尼器、粘滞阻尼器、防屈曲支撑、金属阻尼器等，这些阻尼器大多为直线拉压型，常被以斜撑的形式安装在建筑结构的楼层之间或相邻梁、柱的对角节点处；然而，直线拉压型阻尼器两端需要有效的相对位移，阻尼器才能发挥最佳的振动控制效果，对于某些整体刚度较大的建筑或建筑中的某个楼层，即便在强震作用下，相邻梁、柱的对角结点之间的相对位移也较小，因此在很多情况下，传统的直线拉压型阻尼器不能完全发挥其优良的耗能性能；另外，由于传统的支撑型阻尼器对建筑空间的要求较高，而在很多建筑构造情况下，有限的建筑空间无法使阻尼器正常工作或使用，即便能够安装也可能会影响到建筑物的正常使用或美观。
考虑到建筑结构铰接构造的特点，铰接点在激励作用下往往会在铰接轴两侧的连接杆之间产生有限的相对转动，具有转动角度较小，转动速度快等特点，由此可在铰接点处安装一种速度相关型的转角位移阻尼器，控制铰接连杆之间的相对转动；当体系受到激励时，阻尼器能够及时地在较小的转动位移下产生较大的阻尼力，从而减小整体结构的地震反应；另外，阻尼器体积较小，对建筑空间的要求较小，被安装在空间利用率较低的节点处，对建筑结构的影响较小，对建筑结构的正常使用功能和美观影响较小。
阻尼材料可采用同时具备粘性和弹性的速度相关型高性能阻尼材料，当阻尼材料在动力作用下发生快速的剪切变形时，阻尼材料产生的阻尼力与速度成正比，传递到材料的动能可被转化为粘弹性材料的内能耗散掉，本发明具有减振耗能效率高、布置灵活、安装便捷等诸多优点。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是设计一种铰接连接节点专用的转角阻尼器的构造及其安装方法，提供了一种建筑结构中铰接连接方式的阻尼减振方案。
本发明包括如下内容：
一种转角阻尼器，包括在铰接节点的一侧的凸齿的孔洞中布置内壁横截面为正八边形的轴承；所述轴承恰好嵌入所述凸齿的孔洞中，轴承外壁固定于凸齿的孔洞内；
在另一侧的凸齿上布置与所述轴承内壁横截面全等的孔洞；将两侧凸齿对接，并以横截面为正八边形的规则金属柱体为销轴连接两侧凸齿；所述销轴同时穿过所述一侧凸齿的轴承和另一侧凸齿的孔洞，且对称外伸于凸齿两侧；
凸齿两侧为相互对称的两部分，其中任意一部分包括：正八边形力矩传动部件、传动环形钢板、固定环形钢板、阻尼材料、金属外壳、轴承和固定支架；
金属外壳内部为传动环形钢板、固定环形钢板间隔排布，且阻尼材料设置传动环形钢板、固定环形钢板之间；正八边形力矩传动部件通过传动环形钢板和固定环形钢板的中心纵向穿过金属外壳。
正八边形力矩传动部件，整体为正八边形空心柱，横截面为正八边环状，中心有纵向贯穿整个部件的正八边形孔洞，内环和外环均为同心且相似的正八边形；
传动环形钢板，其内环横截面为正八边形，外环为横截面为圆形，其内环恰好能使正八边形力矩传动部件的外环穿过；
固定环形钢板，为圆环状金属板，外壁焊接于金属外壳上；
金属外壳，两端均设置有一定厚度的圆形钢板，其中一端钢板具有能恰好安装轴承的圆形孔洞，另一端钢板具有使轴承恰好嵌入钢板的空洞；中间段横截面为圆环，中心有能使传动环形钢板、固定环形钢板置入其中的圆形孔洞；
所述轴承，内壁的横截面为正八边形。
所述固定支架，延纵向布置在金属外壳的侧面上，同时与阻尼器和地面或墙体连接，以抵抗作用在阻尼器上的扭矩。
所述的转角阻尼器的安装方法，其特征在于，包括：
在铰接节点的一侧的凸齿的孔洞中布置内壁横截面为正八边形的轴承；所述轴承恰好嵌入所述凸齿的孔洞中，轴承外壁固定于凸齿的孔洞内；
在另一侧的凸齿上布置与所述轴承内壁横截面全等的孔洞；将两侧凸齿对接，并以横截面为正八边形的规则金属柱体为销轴连接两侧凸齿；所述销轴同时穿过所述一侧凸齿的轴承和另一侧凸齿的孔洞，且对称外伸于凸齿两侧；
将阻尼材料转角阻尼器的开口端分别插入外伸的销轴，当两侧凸齿发生相对转动时，凸齿带动销轴发生转动，进而带动阻尼器工作。
进一步，通过安装销轴实现所述正八边形力矩传动部件带动传动环形钢板发生转动；通过传动环形钢板的转动实现在传动环形钢板和固定环形钢板之间的阻尼材料发生剪切变形。
本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明提供的一种转角阻尼器及其安装方法，专门为建筑铰接点设计以控制两侧连杆的相对转动；阻尼器所采用的阻尼材料能在建筑结构受到振动荷载激励，铰接点发生有限转动的瞬间提供有效的阻尼力和弹性力；本发明所述一种转角阻尼器可安装在建筑空间利用率较低的铰接点处，对建筑结构的改变或影响较小，对建筑物的正常使用和美观影响较小；阻尼器的安装对建筑空间的要求较低，可安装在某些直线拉压型阻尼器难以安装的狭小或复杂结构的铰接点处；本发明所述转角阻尼器不直接被包括为建筑结构的一部分，施工时可在主体结构完工后再进行安装，类似地，也可在损坏后直接更换或维修；因此，本发明所述一种转角阻尼器具有耗能效率高，安装、布置灵活，维修、更换便捷等优点。
附图说明：
图1为本发明所述一种阻尼材料转角阻尼器的结构示意图；
图2为本发明所述一种转角阻尼器的A-A剖面图；
图3为本发明所述一种转角阻尼器的B-B剖面图；
图4为本发明所述一种转角阻尼器的C-C剖面图；
图5为本发明所述一种转角阻尼器的D-D剖面图；
图6为本发明所述一种转角阻尼器的E-E剖面图；
图7为本发明所述某铰接点的示意图；
图8为一种规则正八边形金属销轴的主视图和左视图；
图9为本发明所述一种转角阻尼器安装在图7的M向的示意图；
图10为本发明所述一种转角阻尼器在图9中的N向视图
附图标记说明：
1—正八边形力矩传动部件；11—缝隙；2—传动环形钢板；21—焊缝；
3—固定环形钢板；31—焊缝；4—阻尼材料；5—金属外壳；
6—固定支架；7—轴承；8—三支圆滑凸齿；81—凸齿轴承；
82—凸齿正八边形孔洞；9—两支圆滑凸齿；91—凸齿正八边形孔洞；
92—矩形连接板；93—加劲条；10正八边形销轴；
具体实施方式：
当建筑物有较高的振动控制需求时，尤其是具有铰接结点的结构，可安装本发明所述转角阻尼器，即在铰接点两处的一侧或两侧布置阻尼器，以控制铰接点两侧的凸齿发生的有限相对转动，在转动瞬间提供较大的阻尼力，以提高建筑结构的抗震水平。本发明所述一种转角阻尼器可用于新建建筑或既有建筑的振动控制或抗震加固，如图1-图6所示，其中，图2为图1的A-A剖面图，图3为图1的B-B剖面图，图4为图1的C-C剖面图，图5为图1的D-D剖面图，图6为图1的E-E剖面图；该阻尼器整体为圆柱形，包括：正八边形力矩传动部件1、缝隙11、传动环形钢板2、焊缝21、固定环形钢板3、焊缝31、阻尼材料4、金属外壳5、固定支架6和轴承7。其中，
正八边形力矩传动部件1，整体为正八边形空心柱，横截面为正八边环状，中心有纵向贯穿整个部件的正八边形孔洞，内环和外环均为同心且相似的正八边形，内环和外环之间具有一定的厚度；正八边形力矩传动部件1延纵向贯穿于整个阻尼器，在阻尼器的两端恰好能完全插入两端的轴承7上。
传动环形钢板2，中心为与正八边形力矩传动部件1横截面全等的正八边形孔洞，可使正八边形力矩传动部件1恰好可以穿过中心孔洞；传动环形钢板2可采用焊接(焊缝21)等方式固定于正八边形力矩传动部件1上，在钢板与金属外壳5之间留有一定缝隙，可随着正八边形力矩传动部件1的转动而转动。
固定环形钢板3，横截面为圆环状，中心为圆形孔洞，圆形孔洞的半径要略大于正八边形力矩传动部件1的横截面的外接圆的半径，即与其之间具有一定的缝隙11，使正八边形力矩传动部件1能相对固定环形钢板3自由旋转；固定环形钢板3可采用焊接(焊缝31)等方式固定在金属外壳5上，与传动环形钢板2交错布置，在二者之间留有一定的缝隙。
较佳的，可以采用高强钢材或其它材料，使正八边形力矩传动部件1具有较好的抗剪和抗扭等力学性能。
阻尼材料4宜采用同时具有粘性和弹性的速度相关型高性能阻尼材料；
金属外壳5，整体为金属材质的圆柱体，中心具有空洞，能使正八边形力矩传动部件1、传动环形钢板2、固定环形钢板3和阻尼材料4置入其中；金属外壳5两端为圆形钢板，其中，P指向的一端钢板中心留有正八边形孔洞，可使轴承7恰好置入；另一端钢板在阻尼器内侧具有部分空洞，外侧封闭；金属外壳5的纵向长度可按阻尼材料4的布置数量适当增加或减小；
固定支架6，布置在金属外壳5的侧向柱面上，可延纵向多组布置；固定支架6可采用螺栓等方式与地面或墙面等固定端连接，可采用焊接的方式与金属外壳5连接；固定支架6的结构形式可随实际情况发生相应地改变，只要能达到固定阻尼器的目的即可。
轴承7，能恰好置入金属外壳5两侧钢板的孔洞或空洞中；其内壁横截面为正八边形，能恰好使正八边形力矩传动部件1穿过或置入，可以采用如深沟球类轴承等能承受较大轴向和横向荷载的轴承。
本发明所述一种转角阻尼器，以一种常见的铰接连接组件为例，说明其安装及使用方法，如图7和图8所示，为某铰接连接组件示意图，包括三支圆滑凸齿8、凸齿轴承81、凸齿正八边形孔洞82、两支圆滑凸齿9、凸齿正八边形孔洞91、矩形连接板92、加劲条93和正八边形销轴10。
安装如图1所示的一种转角阻尼器的方法流程，如图9和图10所示，其中图9是图7的M向视图，图10是图9的N向视图，包括以下步骤：
步骤S1：在铰接连接的一侧凸齿的孔洞中布置内壁横截面为正八边形的轴承，另一侧凸齿布置横截面为正八边形的孔洞。
在三支圆滑凸齿8上布置凸齿轴承81，在两支圆滑凸齿9上布置凸齿正八边形孔洞91。
步骤S2：将正八边形销轴同时穿过铰接组件的两侧凸齿并在凸齿两侧留有长度相等的外伸段。
凸齿轴承81和正八边形孔洞91的存在，使正八边形销轴10能够随着两支圆滑凸齿9的转动而与三支圆滑凸齿8发生相对转动；正八边形销轴10的外伸段应至少留出不小于阻尼器纵向长度的长度，使正八边形销轴10能完全插入并搭接在阻尼器内部的两端轴承7上。
步骤S3：将两个转角阻尼器分别置入销轴的两侧外伸段。
将正八边形力矩传动部件1插入外伸的正八边形销轴10，使销轴完全搭接到阻尼器两端的轴承7上；如图2和图7所示，正八边形力矩传动部件1与凸齿正八边形孔洞91在x和y方向上应同时一致，以使销轴10能顺利置入阻尼器。
步骤S4：将阻尼器固定，使其与安装有轴承的凸齿具有相等的自由度。
将固定支架6采用螺栓的方式连接到墙/地面上；也可将金属外壳5与三支圆滑凸齿8焊接。
图9和图10给出了一种阻尼材料转角阻尼器安装在某铰接点的结构示意图，可以看出，当振动荷载传递至铰接点时，会使两支圆滑凸齿9与三支圆滑凸齿8发生相对转动，两支圆滑凸齿9又带动销轴10，销轴10又带动正八边形力矩传动部件1发生转动，进而使传动环形钢板2与固定环形钢板3发生相对转动，即使阻尼材料4发生剪切变形，从而达到耗散能量，控制两支圆滑凸齿9与三支圆滑凸齿8发生相对转动的目的。
本发明所述一种阻尼材料转角阻尼器可在同一建筑的多个铰接点处安装，由于阻尼器的体积较小，又只安装在建筑节点处，因此阻尼器受建筑空间的约束较小，对建筑结构的正常使用功能和建筑美观影响较小；甚至在某些特殊的建筑构造或狭小的空 间中，传统的支撑型阻尼器无法安装或安装后效果较差，本发明所述阻尼器可作为代替传统的支撑型阻尼器的一种选择。
实际工程中，本发明所述一种阻尼材料转角阻尼器可根据铰接点两侧凸齿的大小和建筑结构的阻尼需求，合理设计正八边形力矩传动部件1、传动环形钢板2、固定环形钢板3、阻尼材料4、金属外壳5、固定支架6和轴承7的尺寸或数量。
同样的，在改变某些部件的尺寸或数量之后，阻尼器的受力特能可能会发生改变，需对某些部件的材料性能重新设计，合理地改变某些部件的材料类型和用量。
本发明所述阻尼器的安装方法，使得阻尼器可在建筑结构的主体安装完毕后再进行统一安装，且可对多组阻尼器同时进行安装，施工效率较高；同样的，若阻尼器发生损坏，可方便地对阻尼器进行维修或者更换，这也与目前主流的抗震设计思想相吻合。
当然，本发明所述一种阻尼材料转角阻尼器及其安装方法，也可同时与其他振动控制方法联合使用，以进一步提高建筑结构的抗震性能。
由于建筑铰接构造也具有多种结构形式，因此本发明所述一种阻尼材料转角阻尼器也可根据不同类型的铰接构造做出部分结构上的改变，若这些改变或变形仍在本发明的权利要求内，则本发明也自动包含那些改变或变形。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种转角阻尼器，其特征在于，包括在铰接节点的一侧的凸齿的孔洞中布置内壁横截面为正八边形的轴承；所述轴承恰好嵌入所述凸齿的孔洞中，轴承外壁固定于凸齿的孔洞内；
    在另一侧的凸齿上布置与所述轴承内壁横截面全等的孔洞；将两侧凸齿对接，并以横截面为正八边形的规则金属柱体为销轴连接两侧凸齿；所述销轴同时穿过所述一侧凸齿的轴承和另一侧凸齿的孔洞，且对称外伸于凸齿两侧；
    凸齿两侧为相互对称的两部分，其中任意一部分包括：正八边形力矩传动部件、传动环形钢板、固定环形钢板、阻尼材料、金属外壳、轴承和固定支架；
    金属外壳内部为传动环形钢板、固定环形钢板间隔排布，且阻尼材料设置传动环形钢板、固定环形钢板之间；正八边形力矩传动部件通过传动环形钢板和固定环形钢板的中心纵向穿过金属外壳；
    所述正八边形力矩传动部件，整体为正八边形空心柱，横截面为正八边环状，中心有纵向贯穿整个部件的正八边形孔洞，内环和外环均为同心且相似的正八边形；
    所述传动环形钢板，其内环横截面为正八边形，外环为横截面为圆形，其内环恰好能使正八边形力矩传动部件的外环穿过；
    所述固定环形钢板，为圆环状金属板，外壁焊接于金属外壳上；
    所述金属外壳，两端均设置有一定厚度的圆形钢板，其中一端钢板具有能恰好安装轴承的圆形孔洞，另一端钢板具有使轴承恰好嵌入钢板的空洞；中间段横截面为圆环，中心有能使传动环形钢板、固定环形钢板置入其中的圆形孔洞；
    所述轴承，内壁的横截面为正八边形；
    所述固定支架，延纵向布置在金属外壳的侧面上，同时与阻尼器和地面或墙体连接，以抵抗作用在阻尼器上的扭矩。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种转角阻尼器的安装方法，其特征在于，包括：
    在铰接节点的一侧的凸齿的孔洞中布置内壁横截面为正八边形的轴承；所述轴承恰好嵌入所述凸齿的孔洞中，轴承外壁固定于凸齿的孔洞内；
    在另一侧的凸齿上布置与所述轴承内壁横截面全等的孔洞；将两侧凸齿对接，并以横截面为正八边形的规则金属柱体为销轴连接两侧凸齿；所述销轴同时穿过所述一侧凸齿的轴承和另一侧凸齿的孔洞，且对称外伸于凸齿两侧；
    将阻尼材料转角阻尼器的开口端分别插入外伸的销轴，当两侧凸齿发生相对转动时，凸齿带动销轴发生转动，进而带动阻尼器工作。
  3. 如权利要求2所述方法，其特征在于，
    通过安装销轴实现所述正八边形力矩传动部件带动传动环形钢板发生转动；通过传动环形钢板的转动实现在传动环形钢板和固定环形钢板之间的阻尼材料发生剪切变形。
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