WO2016165089A1 - 光模块及网络设备 - Google Patents

光模块及网络设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016165089A1
WO2016165089A1 PCT/CN2015/076665 CN2015076665W WO2016165089A1 WO 2016165089 A1 WO2016165089 A1 WO 2016165089A1 CN 2015076665 W CN2015076665 W CN 2015076665W WO 2016165089 A1 WO2016165089 A1 WO 2016165089A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical
module
beam splitter
port
interface
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PCT/CN2015/076665
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
满江伟
宋小鹿
曾理
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2015/076665 priority Critical patent/WO2016165089A1/zh
Priority to CN201580077416.6A priority patent/CN107431552B/zh
Publication of WO2016165089A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016165089A1/zh
Priority to US15/783,382 priority patent/US10230486B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0227—Operation, administration, maintenance or provisioning [OAMP] of WDM networks, e.g. media access, routing or wavelength allocation
    • H04J14/0241—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths
    • H04J14/0242—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths in WDM-PON
    • H04J14/0245—Wavelength allocation for communications one-to-one, e.g. unicasting wavelengths in WDM-PON for downstream transmission, e.g. optical line terminal [OLT] to ONU
    • H04J14/0247—Sharing one wavelength for at least a group of ONUs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/40—Transceivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/501—Structural aspects
    • H04B10/506—Multiwavelength transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0007—Construction
    • H04Q2011/0016—Construction using wavelength multiplexing or demultiplexing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0005—Switch and router aspects
    • H04Q2011/0007—Construction
    • H04Q2011/0022—Construction using fibre gratings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0079—Operation or maintenance aspects
    • H04Q2011/0083—Testing; Monitoring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical communications, and in particular, to an optical module and a network device.
  • An optical transceiver is a carrier used for signal transmission between a router and a network device, and mainly implements conversion of a photoelectric signal.
  • Tbps terabit per second
  • 4 Tbps 4 Tbps in a few years.
  • Routers need to be configured with large-capacity optical modules. Realize optical interconnection. Therefore, the realization of large-capacity optical modules is the current direction of technological development.
  • large-grained pluggable optical module In order to solve the problem of large-capacity optical modules, there are mainly two methods: one is to use a large-grained pluggable optical module, and the other is to use a plurality of small-grained optical modules to be multiplexed.
  • large granularity refers to a larger capacity optical module, such as a 1Tbps optical module
  • small granularity refers to a smaller capacity optical module, such as a 40 Gigabits per second (Gbps) optical module.
  • Gbps Gigabits per second
  • a large-capacity pluggable optical module is used to implement a large-capacity optical module, the cost will be much higher than the cost of multiplexing by multiple small-grained optical modules.
  • the demand for large-grain pluggable optical modules is limited to a limited optical transmission network (OTN) device and a core router, the demand is limited, and the usage determines the future power consumption trend.
  • OTN optical transmission network
  • the development time of large-grain pluggable optical modules is long, which cannot meet the requirements of line card update.
  • the router needs to manage and configure multiple optical interfaces (referred to as optical ports), which increases the complexity of optical port management, and because each optical port Both the corresponding fiber needs to be interconnected with the other network device, and the fiber resources of the point-to-point interconnection are also wasted.
  • optical ports multiple optical interfaces
  • the present invention provides an optical module and a network device, which can realize a large-capacity single-port optical module based on a small-grained optical module, manages a single optical port, reduces the complexity of optical port management, and saves light. Fiber resources.
  • the optical module provided by the first aspect of the present invention includes: a common end module and two data submodules;
  • the common end module includes a multi-carrier light source, a wavelength division multiplexer, a wave decomposition multiplexer, an external optical interface, and two first optical beam splitters;
  • the data sub-module includes a second optical beam splitter, a photoelectric signal modulator, and an optical receiver;
  • the multi-carrier light source is respectively connected to the first ports of the two first optical beam splitters, and the wavelength division multiplexer is respectively connected to the second ports of the two first optical beam splitters, each The third port of the first optical beam splitter is respectively connected to the first port of the second optical beam splitter in a data sub-module, and the wave decomposition multiplexer is respectively connected to the optical receiver in each data sub-module ;
  • a second port of the second optical beam splitter is coupled to an input port of the optoelectronic signal modulator, and a third port of the second optical beam splitter is coupled to an output port of the optoelectronic signal modulator;
  • the multi-carrier light source is configured to generate an optical signal of two wavelengths, each optical signal of the two wavelengths being respectively input to a second one of the data sub-modules through one of the first optical beam splitters
  • the photoelectric signal modulator is configured to modulate an electrical signal to be output and an optical signal in the second optical beam splitter into an optical signal to be output, and the optical signal to be output is input through a second optical beam splitter.
  • Composed into the wavelength division multiplexer to be an optical signal to be transmitted and output through the external optical interface;
  • the optical signal received by the external optical interface is decomposed into two optical signals to be received by a wave decomposition multiplexer, and each optical signal to be received is respectively input to an optical receiver in a data sub-module, and each data sub-module
  • the optical receiver is used for photodetecting the received optical signal to be received, and outputting an electrical signal to be received.
  • the optical module includes at least two data sub-modules
  • the common end module includes at least two first optical beam splitters
  • the number of the first optical beam splitters is greater than or equal to the number of the data sub-modules
  • the multi-carrier light source is respectively connected to the first ports of the at least two first optical beam splitters, and the wavelength division multiplexers are respectively connected to the second ports of the at least two first optical beam splitters, a third port of each first optical beam splitter is coupled to a first port of a second optical beam splitter in a data sub-module, respectively, and the optical splitting multiplexer and the optical receiving in each of the data sub-modules Machine connection
  • the multi-carrier light source is configured to generate an optical signal of at least two wavelengths, each of the at least two wavelength optical signals being input to a data sub-module through one of the first optical beam splitters
  • the photoelectric signal modulator is configured to modulate the electrical signal to be output and the optical signal in the second optical beam splitter into an optical signal to be output, and the optical signal to be output passes through the second
  • the optical beam splitter is input to the wavelength division multiplexer and synthesized into an optical signal to be transmitted and output through the external optical interface;
  • the optical signal received by the external optical interface is decomposed into at least two optical signals to be received by a wave decomposition multiplexer, and each optical signal to be received is input to an optical receiver in a data sub-module, each data sub- The optical receiver in the module is configured to perform photoelectric detection on the received optical signal to be received, and output an electrical signal to be received.
  • the first optical beam splitter and the second optical beam splitter are polarization beam splitters
  • a multi-carrier light source is used to generate linearly polarized light of at least two wavelengths
  • the first optical beam splitter and the second optical beam splitter are connected by a polarization maintaining fiber.
  • the polarization beam splitter is a bidirectional multiplexing polarization beam splitter.
  • the photoelectric signal modulator comprises: a waveguide type photoelectric signal modulation Or an electro-absorption photoelectric signal modulator.
  • the external optical interface is a single optical interface.
  • the first possible implementation manner of the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect further includes: an internal optical interface, where the internal optical interface is Multi-optical interface;
  • a third port of each first beam splitter is coupled to a first port of a second optical beam splitter of a data sub-module via the internal optical interface, respectively.
  • the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect further includes: an optical interface and an electrical interface connector,
  • the optical interface and the electrical interface connector comprise at least two internal optical interfaces, the number of internal optical interfaces of the optical interface and the electrical interface connector being the same as the number of the first optical beam splitter, the optical interface and the electrical interface
  • Each internal optical interface of the connector has a corresponding electrical signal interface to be output and an electrical signal interface to be received;
  • each first optical beam splitter is respectively connected to a first port of a second optical beam splitter in a data sub-module through an optical interface of the optical interface and the electrical interface connector;
  • the photoelectric signal modulator in each data sub-module is connected to the electrical signal to be output corresponding to the internal optical interface connected to the second optical beam splitter, and the optical receiver in each data sub-module is connected to the second optical beam splitter.
  • the internal optical interface corresponds to the electrical signal interface to be received.
  • the network device provided by the second aspect of the present invention includes: a line card and the optical module according to any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect to the seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect;
  • the optical module is disposed on the line card.
  • the optical module and the network device provided by the invention comprise a multi-carrier light source, a wavelength division multiplexer, a wave decomposition multiplexer, an external optical interface, at least two first optical beam splitters, and a light source through a common terminal module. , only need to manage the public module.
  • the data sub-module includes a second optical beam splitter, a photoelectric signal modulator, and an optical receiver, and the data sub-module is at least two, and the number of the data sub-modules can be correspondingly configured according to the required capacity of the optical module, thereby realizing a large
  • the capacity of a single optical port optical module only requires management of a single optical port, which reduces the complexity of optical port management, saves fiber resources, and solves the realization of large granularity optical modules and cost bottlenecks.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a parallel multiplexing system for a small granularity optical module in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a serial cascading system of a small granularity optical module in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system of Embodiment 1 of an optical module according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a common end module and a data submodule according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a system of Embodiment 2 of an optical module according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a system of Embodiment 3 of the optical module of the present invention.
  • the optical module is an important device in the optical fiber communication system, and is suitable for switching between a router and a network device, and mainly realizes photoelectric signal conversion. Specifically, the optical module can convert the optical signal on the optical fiber into an electrical signal and transmit the electrical signal to the network device, and the optical module can also convert the electrical signal into an optical signal and transmit the signal to the router through the optical fiber transmission.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a parallel multiplexing system for a small granularity optical module in the prior art.
  • a large-capacity optical module transmission is realized by using a structure in which a plurality of small-grainity optical modules 11 are multiplexed in parallel, and a plurality of small-grained optical modules 11 are inserted into the online card 12 in parallel.
  • Each of the small-grained optical modules 11 has a light source, and a plurality of small-grained optical modules 11 and a plurality of optical ports are used for parallel multiplexing to realize a large-capacity optical module, wherein the optical interface is a physical interface for connecting the optical fiber cable. For processing optical signals.
  • the number of optical ports of the small granularity optical module parallel multiplexing system is the same as the number of small granularity optical modules 11, and how many optical ports are required for the small granularity optical module 11, how many optical ports are needed Manage and how many pairs of fiber resources need to be interconnected with the other network device.
  • 25 40Gbps optical modules can be used for parallel multiplexing to implement 1Tbps transmission.
  • the small granularity optical module parallel multiplexing system has 25 optical ports, which need to manage 25 optical ports, and need to use 25 pairs of optical resources to interconnect with the other network devices.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a serial cascading system of a small granularity optical module in the prior art.
  • a plurality of small-grained optical modules serial cascade structures are used for modular connection.
  • Each small granular optical module has a front optical port and a rear optical port, a front electrical interface (referred to as an electrical port) and a rear electrical interface, wherein the electrical port is used to connect an ordinary network cable and a radio frequency coaxial.
  • the physical interface of the cable for processing electrical signals.
  • Different grades of small-grained optical modules are connected through the front optical port and the rear optical port, the front electrical port and the rear electrical port, thereby realizing multiplexing of optical signals of different levels and transmission of electrical signals.
  • the optical signals can be uniformly multiplexed to the transmission optical port, and all the electrical signals are transmitted to the board through the electrical interface.
  • FIG. 2 only the three-stage small-grainity optical module serial cascade structure is shown, and the three levels are the first-order sub-small-grainity optical module a and the second-order sub-small-grainity optical module.
  • b The third-order sub-granularity optical module c.
  • the first-order small-grained optical module a is inserted into the electrical socket through the electrical interface, and the electrical signal is passed through the electrical interface and the board. Transmission.
  • the first-stage sub-small-grained optical module a is interconnected with the front optical port and the front electrical port of the second-order sub-small-grain optical module b through the rear optical port and the rear electrical port.
  • the second-stage small-grainity optical module b is interconnected with the front optical port and the front electrical port of the third-order sub-small-grain optical module c through the rear optical port and the rear electrical port.
  • the order, optical port and electrical port of the serial cascading system of the small granularity optical module depend on the size of the optical module and the capacity of each small granular optical module. For example, to implement a 1Tbps line card, 25 40Gbps optical modules can be serially cascaded to implement 1Tbps transmission.
  • the small-scale optical module serial cascading system has 25 levels, requiring 12 pairs of optical interconnect alignment.
  • the small granularity optical module parallel multiplexing system in FIG. 1 adopts a structure in which a plurality of small granularity optical modules are multiplexed in parallel to realize transmission of a large-capacity optical module.
  • it is necessary to manage and configure a plurality of optical interfaces to configure transmission data. Correlation increases the complexity of optical port management.
  • multiple pairs of fiber resources need to be used to interconnect with other network devices, which wastes fiber resources and greatly increases fiber management and wiring.
  • the small-scale optical module serial cascading system uses multiple small-grained optical modules to serially cascade the structure to realize the transmission of large-capacity optical modules.
  • multiple small-grainity optical modules are required to serially cascade to cause the module as a whole.
  • the length becomes longer, which makes the electrical signal loss increase, and it is difficult to realize the high-speed large-capacity optical module.
  • the cascading of multiple front and rear optical ports is required, which increases the alignment difficulty of the optical interface interconnection and the precision of machining.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to implement a large-capacity single-port optical module based on a small-grained optical module to manage a single optical port, reduce the complexity of optical port management, and save fiber resources. At the same time, there is no need to change the overall length of the optical module, and there is no cascading of multiple optical ports, which reduces electrical signal loss, reduces the alignment difficulty of the optical interface interconnection, and the precision of machining.
  • the main idea of the present invention is to divide the overall system structure of the optical module into two parts: a common end module and a data submodule.
  • the common terminal module comprises a multi-carrier light source, a wavelength division multiplexer, a wave decomposition multiplexer, an external optical interface, at least two first optical beam splitters, and the light source is provided through the common terminal module, and only the common terminal module is managed.
  • Single optical port optical module can be realized.
  • the data sub-module includes a second optical beam splitter, a photoelectric signal modulator, and an optical receiver, and the data sub-module is at least two, and the number of the configured data sub-modules can be corresponding according to the required capacity of the optical module, which can be realized.
  • a large-capacity optical module enables large-capacity single-port optical modules.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a system according to Embodiment 1 of the optical module of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a common end module and a data sub-module according to the present invention.
  • the optical module of this embodiment includes: a common end module 31 (referred to as a common end) and two data sub-modules 32 (referred to as sub-modules).
  • the common terminal module 31 includes a multi-carrier light source 311, a wavelength division multiplexer 312, a wave decomposition multiplexer 313, an external optical interface (not shown), and two first optical beam splitters 314.
  • the data sub-module 32 includes a second optical beam splitter 321, an optoelectronic signal modulator 322 (referred to as a modulator), and an optical receiver 323.
  • the multi-carrier light source 311 is respectively connected to the first ports of the two first beam splitters 314, and the wavelength division multiplexer 312 is respectively connected to the second ports of the two first beam splitters 314, each of the first light points.
  • the third port of the beam splitter 314 is coupled to the first port of the second optical beam splitter 321 in a data sub-module 32, respectively, and the wave splitting multiplexer 313 is coupled to the optical receiver 323 in each of the data sub-modules 32, respectively. .
  • the second port of the second beam splitter 321 is coupled to the input port of the optoelectronic signal modulator 322, and the third port of the second beam splitter 321 is coupled to the output of the optoelectronic signal modulator 322. Port connection.
  • the multi-carrier light source 311 is for generating two wavelengths of optical signals, each of the two wavelengths of optical signals being input to a second optical splitting beam in a data sub-module 32 through a first optical beam splitter 314, respectively.
  • the photoelectric signal modulator 322 is configured to modulate the electrical signal to be output and the optical signal in the second optical beam splitter 321 into an optical signal to be output, and the optical signal to be output is input to the wave through the second optical beam splitter 321 .
  • the sub-multiplexer 312 is synthesized as an optical signal to be transmitted and output through an external optical interface.
  • the optical signal received by the external optical interface is decomposed into two optical signals to be received by the wave decomposition multiplexer 313, and each optical signal to be received is input to an optical receiver 323 in a data sub-module 32, respectively.
  • the optical receiver 323 in the module 32 is configured to perform photoelectric detection on the received optical signal to be received, and output an electrical signal to be received.
  • optical module includes two data sub-modules 32, but is not limited to two data sub-modules 32.
  • the common terminal module 31 includes two first optical beam splitters 314, but is not limited to only two first optical beam splitters 314.
  • the optical module provided by this embodiment includes a multi-carrier light source 311, a wavelength division multiplexer 312, a wave decomposition multiplexer 313, an external optical interface, and two first optical beam splitters 314.
  • 31 provides a light source, and only the common module 31 is managed.
  • the two data sub-modules 32 respectively include a second optical beam splitter 321, an optical signal modulator 322, and an optical receiver 323.
  • the number of the data sub-modules 32 can be configured to implement a large-capacity single-port optical module, which only needs to manage the single optical port, which reduces the complexity of optical port management and saves fiber resources.
  • the realization of the large granularity optical module and the cost bottleneck are solved.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a system of Embodiment 2 of an optical module according to the present invention.
  • the optical module of this embodiment includes: a common end module 31 (referred to as a common end) and at least two data submodules 32 (referred to as submodules).
  • the structure diagrams of the common end module 31 and the data submodule 32 in this embodiment may refer to the structural diagrams of the common end module and the data submodule in FIG. 4 .
  • the common terminal module 31 includes a multi-carrier light source 311, a wavelength division multiplexer 312, a wave decomposition multiplexer 313, an external optical interface (not shown), and at least two first optical beam splitters 314.
  • the optical beam splitter is a device that splits the optical signal for splitting the optical signal, and the optical signal of one wavelength can only pass through one optical beam splitter.
  • the first beam splitter 314 is an optical beam splitter located at the common end module 31, and is referred to as a first optical beam splitter 314 for distinguishing it from the second optical beam splitter 321 in the data sub-module 32, but is not limited thereto.
  • the first optical beam splitter 314, which may also be referred to as a common end optical beam splitter, is not limited herein.
  • the first beam splitter 314 is configured to split the optical signals of the plurality of wavelengths generated by the multi-carrier light source 311 to perform splitting.
  • the first optical beam splitter 314 is configured to receive the optical signal of the same wavelength transmitted by the second optical beam splitter 321 .
  • the first optical beam splitter 314 has three ports, a first port A port, a second port C port, and a third port B port.
  • the first port A port serves as an optical ingress port
  • the second port C port serves as an optical ingress port
  • the third port B port can serve as either an optical ingress port or an optical ingress port.
  • the first port A port is the optical port
  • the third port B port is the optical port
  • the third port B port is the optical port.
  • the optical signal enters from the first port A port of the first optical beam splitter 314, it can only exit from the third port B port of the first optical beam splitter 314. If it enters from the third port B port of the first optical beam splitter 314, it can only be discharged from the second port C port of the first optical beam splitter 314.
  • the multi-carrier light source 311 can provide a direct current light source for generating optical signals of at least two wavelengths.
  • the number of the multi-wavelength optical signals generated by the multi-carrier light source 311 is the same as the number of the first optical beam splitters 314, and it is assumed that the multi-carrier light source 311 generates the number of optical signals of multiple wavelengths and one of the first optical beam splitters.
  • the wavelengths of the optical signals generated by the multi-carrier light source 311 are respectively labeled as ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ... ⁇ N , where N is a positive integer equal to or greater than the number of data sub-modules.
  • the wavelength division multiplexer 312 is configured to combine optical signals of different wavelengths into one bundle, and synthesize a bundle of optical signals to be transmitted along a single optical fiber.
  • the wave decomposition multiplexer 313 is for dividing an optical signal transmitted from a single optical fiber into optical signals of a plurality of wavelengths.
  • the specific working principle of the wavelength division multiplexer 312 and the wave decomposition multiplexer 313 is the same as that of the wavelength division multiplexer and the wave decomposition multiplexer in the prior art, and the details are not described herein.
  • the data sub-module 32 includes a second optical beam splitter 321, an optoelectronic signal modulator 322 (referred to as a modulator), and an optical receiver 323.
  • the second optical beam splitter 321 is an optical beam splitter located in the data sub-module 32, and one data sub-module 32 has a second optical beam splitter 321 called a second optical splitter 321 for public use.
  • the first optical beam splitter 314 in the end module 31 is different, but is not limited to being referred to as a second optical beam splitter 321 and may also be referred to as a data sub-module optical beam splitter. This embodiment is not limited herein.
  • the second beam splitter 321 is configured to split the optical signal modulated by the photoelectric signal modulator 322 and perform splitting. At the same time, the second optical beam splitter 321 is configured to receive the optical signal of the same wavelength transmitted by the first optical beam splitter 314.
  • the second optical beam splitter 321 has three ports, which are a first port D port, a second port E port, and a third port F port.
  • the first port D port can be used as an optical access port or a light in and out port
  • the second port E port is used as an optical in and out port
  • the third port F port is used as an optical ingress port.
  • the first port D port is an optical access port
  • the second port E port is used as an optical in/out port
  • the third port F port is used as an optical ingress port
  • the first port D port is used as an optical in and out port.
  • the optical signal enters from the first port D port of the second optical beam splitter 321, it can only enter from the second port E port of the second optical beam splitter 321; if the optical signal is from the second optical splitter The third port F port of the beam 321 can only be discharged from the first port D port of the second optical beam splitter 321.
  • an optical beam splitter can only receive optical signals of one wavelength.
  • a first optical beam splitter 314 corresponds to a data sub-module 32
  • a second optical beam splitter 321 of the corresponding data sub-module 32 corresponds to the first optical beam splitter 314, for example, if the first optical splitting beam 314 through the signal light of the wavelength ⁇ 1 and the wavelength ⁇ 1 and a data sub-module 32 corresponding to a second beam splitter 321 only through wavelength optical signals ⁇ 1; if the first sub-light beam splitter 314 is a wavelength ⁇ N optical signals, a second beam splitter 32 and a data sub-block corresponding to a wavelength ⁇ N by only 321 ⁇ N optical wavelength signals.
  • the photoelectric signal modulator 322 is configured to modulate the electrical signal to be output and the optical signal in the second optical beam splitter 321 into an optical signal to be output.
  • the optical receiver 323 is for performing photodetection on the received optical signal.
  • the number of first beam splitters 314 is greater than or equal to the number of data sub-modules 32.
  • the number of the first optical beam splitters 314 is greater than or equal to the number of the data sub-modules 32, and each of the data sub-modules 32 has a corresponding first optical beam splitter 314 to ensure that each first optical splitting beam passes through.
  • the optical signals of the 314 can be transmitted to each of the corresponding data sub-modules 32.
  • the multi-carrier light source 311 is respectively connected to the first ports of the at least two first optical beam splitters 314, and the wavelength division multiplexer 312 is respectively connected to the second ports of the at least two first optical beam splitters 314, each first
  • the third port of the optical beam splitter 314 is coupled to the first port of the second optical beam splitter 321 in a data sub-module 32, respectively, and the optical demultiplexer 313 and the optical receiver in each of the data sub-modules 32 323 connection.
  • the second port of the second beam splitter 321 is coupled to the input port of the optoelectronic signal modulator 322, and the third port of the second beam splitter 321 is coupled to the output of the optoelectronic signal modulator 322. Port connection.
  • the multi-carrier light source 311 is configured to generate an optical signal of at least two wavelengths, and each of the optical signals of the at least two wavelengths is respectively input to a second light in a data sub-module 32 through a first optical beam splitter 314.
  • the photoelectric signal modulator 322 is configured to modulate the electrical signal to be output and the optical signal in the second optical beam splitter 321 into an optical signal to be output, and the optical signal to be output is input through the second optical beam splitter 321 .
  • the optical signal to be transmitted is synthesized into the wavelength division multiplexer 312 and output through an external optical interface.
  • the optical signal received by the external optical interface is decomposed into at least two optical signals to be received by the wave decomposition multiplexer 313, and each optical signal to be received is input to an optical receiver 323 in a data sub-module 32, each data.
  • the optical receiver 323 in the sub-module 32 is configured to perform photoelectric detection on the received optical signal to be received, and output an electrical signal to be received.
  • each of the optical signals of the at least two wavelengths generated by the multi-carrier light source 311 is input to the second optical beam splitter 321 of the data sub-module 32 through a first optical beam splitter 314, respectively.
  • the optical signal to be output modulated by the photoelectric signal modulator 322 is input to the wavelength division multiplexer 312 through the second optical beam splitter 321 to be synthesized as an optical signal to be transmitted and output through an external optical interface.
  • the optical signal received by the external optical interface is decomposed into at least two optical signals to be received by the wave decomposition multiplexer 313, and each optical signal to be received is input to an optical receiver 323 in a data sub-module 32, each data.
  • the optical receiver 323 in the sub-module 32 is configured to receive the received optical signal to be received Photoelectric detection is performed to output an electrical signal to be received.
  • the multi-carrier light source 311 when the optical module is used as the transmitting end, the multi-carrier light source 311 generates optical signals of a plurality of wavelengths.
  • the multi-wavelength optical signals are respectively incident on the first beam splitter 314, wherein the optical signals of one wavelength are incident on a first beam splitter 314.
  • the optical signal of one wavelength is incident on the slow axis (fast axis) of the first port A port of the first optical beam splitter 314, wherein the slow axis and the fast axis are the two polarization directions of the optical signal, and the slow axis refers to The direction in which the light signals are parallel, the fast axis refers to the direction perpendicular to the light signal.
  • the slow axis (fast axis) exits.
  • the optical signal emitted through the slow axis (fast axis) of the third port B port of the first optical beam splitter 314 is transmitted to the first port D port of the second optical beam splitter 321 by the second optical beam splitter 321 A port D port slow axis (fast axis) is incident, and the second port E port of the second beam splitter 321 exits the slow axis (fast axis).
  • the modulated optical signal is incident on the slow axis (fast axis) of the third port F port of the second optical beam splitter 321, and is fast at the first port D port of the second optical beam splitter.
  • the axis (slow axis) exits.
  • the modulated light emitted through the first port D port fast axis (slow axis) of the second optical beam splitter 321 is transmitted to the third port B port of the first optical beam splitter 314, by the first optical beam splitter 314
  • the three-port B-port fast axis (slow axis) is incident on the slow axis (fast axis) of the second port C port of the first beam splitter 314.
  • the outgoing light of the second port C port of each of the first beam splitters 314 is combined by the wavelength division multiplexer 312 and transmitted to the transmitting fiber.
  • the multi-wavelength optical signals received from the receiving fiber are demultiplexed by the wave demultiplexer 313 and then transmitted to the respective data sub-modules 32 through different optical fibers, and the respective data sub-modules 32 will The received optical signal of the corresponding wavelength is photodetected by the optical receiver 323 to be restored to the electrical signal.
  • the multi-carrier light source 311 in the common-end module 31 generates optical signals of multiple wavelengths, and provides a DC light source for each of the data sub-modules 32.
  • the optical signal of each wavelength generated by the multi-carrier light source 311 corresponds to a first optical beam splitter 314, and each of the first optical beam splitters 314 corresponds to a second optical beam splitter 321 such that any one of the multi-carrier light sources 311 is generated.
  • the optical signals of the wavelengths can be transmitted to the data sub-module 32, so that the data sub-module 32 is colorless, so that the optical module can be uniformly coded and realize green low power consumption and miniaturization, wherein the data sub-module 32 is colorless.
  • Optical signals of any wavelength can pass through the data sub-module 32.
  • Each data sub-module 32 has a data transmitter and the data receiving end, shown in Figure 4, DATA-1T [lambda] represents the wavelength of the received data is a sub-module 32 transmitting end, DATA-1R receive wavelength [lambda] 1 represents data receiving end sub-module 32, dATA-NT wavelength ⁇ N represents a data receiving sub module 32 of the data transmitter, dATA-NR wavelength ⁇ N represents a data receiving sub module 32 of the data receiving end.
  • the common end module 31 includes a multi-carrier light source 311, a wavelength division multiplexer 312, a wave decomposition multiplexer 313, an external optical interface, and at least two first optical beam splitters 314 through the common end.
  • the module 31 provides a light source and only needs to manage the common module 31.
  • the data sub-module 32 includes a second optical beam splitter 321, a photoelectric signal modulator 322, and an optical receiver 323.
  • the data sub-module 32 is at least two, and the data sub-module 32 can be correspondingly configured according to the required capacity of the optical module.
  • the number of single-optical optical modules can be managed by a single optical port, which reduces the complexity of optical port management, saves fiber resources, and solves the realization of large-grained optical modules and cost bottlenecks.
  • the first optical beam splitter 314 and the second optical beam splitter 321 are Polarization Beam Splitters (PBS), and the multi-carrier light source 311 is used to generate at least two.
  • PBS Polarization Beam Splitters
  • the linearly polarized light of one wavelength, the first optical beam splitter 314 and the second optical beam splitter 321 are connected by a polarization maintaining fiber.
  • the polarizing beam splitter can separate two different directions of vibration, and the polarizing beam splitter divides a beam of two polarization directions into two beams of linearly polarized light by using a birefringent crystal.
  • the first beam splitter 314 is a polarization beam splitter
  • the multi-carrier light source 311 generates linearly polarized light having a wavelength of ⁇ 1
  • the first port A port enters the first optical beam splitter, and the first optical beam splitter splits the optical signal having the wavelength ⁇ 1 of the two polarization directions of the horizontal and vertical directions into two optical signals of wavelength ⁇ 1 respectively.
  • one beam is laterally polarized light
  • one beam is longitudinally polarized light
  • two optical signals having wavelengths of ⁇ 1 but different polarization directions are output through the third port B port of the first beam splitter 314 .
  • the second optical beam splitter 321 is a polarizing beam splitter, and the modulated light having the wavelength ⁇ 1 modulated by the photoelectric signal modulator 322 has optical signals of two polarization directions in the lateral direction and the longitudinal direction, and passes through the second optical beam splitter.
  • the third port F port of 321 enters the second optical beam splitter 321 , and the second optical beam splitter 321 splits the optical signal having the wavelength ⁇ 1 of the two polarization directions of the lateral direction and the longitudinal direction into two wavelengths of ⁇ 1 respectively.
  • An optical signal, wherein one beam is laterally polarized light, one beam is longitudinally polarized light, and two optical signals having wavelengths of ⁇ 1 but different polarization directions are passed through the first port of the second beam splitter 321 D port output.
  • linearly polarized light refers to light vibration (in a plane perpendicular to the direction in which the light wave travels) is limited to polarized light in a certain fixed direction.
  • the first beam splitter 314 and the second beam splitter 321 pass the guarantee The partial fiber connection ensures that the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light during transmission between the first beam splitter 314 and the second beam splitter 321 is constant.
  • the polarization beam splitter is a bidirectionally multiplexed polarization beam splitter.
  • the first optical beam splitter 314 adopts a bidirectional multiplexing polarization beam splitter, and the linearly polarized light generated by the multi-carrier light source 311 can be emitted at the slow axis (fast axis) of the third port B port of the first optical beam splitter 314.
  • the linearly polarized light modulated by the photoelectric signal modulator 322 can be incident by the third port B port fast axis (slow axis) of the first optical beam splitter 314.
  • the second optical beam splitter 321 adopts a bidirectional multiplexing polarization beam splitter, and the linearly polarized light generated by the multi-carrier light source 311 can be incident on the slow axis (fast axis) of the first port D port of the second optical beam splitter 321, and The linearly polarized light modulated by the photoelectric signal modulator 322 can be emitted by the first port D port fast axis (slow axis) of the second optical beam splitter 321.
  • the linearly polarized light generated by the multi-carrier light source 311 is emitted from the slow axis (fast axis) of the third port B port of the first optical beam splitter 314, and the linearly polarized light modulated by the photoelectric signal modulator 322 is used in the second optical beam splitter 321
  • the first port D port fast axis (slow axis) is emitted, so that two common optical waves are transmitted in the common end module 31 and the data submodule 32, thereby realizing multiplexing between the common end module 31 and the data submodule 32.
  • the photoelectric signal modulator 322 includes: a waveguide type photoelectric signal modulator 322 (Mach-Zehnder, abbreviated as MZ) or an electroabsorption photoelectric signal modulator 322 (Electro Absorption Modulator, abbreviated EAM).
  • MZ Machine-Zehnder
  • EAM Electro Absorption Modulator
  • the photoelectric signal modulator 322 can be a waveguide type photoelectric signal modulator or an electroabsorption type photoelectric signal modulator, and its working principle is the same as that of the prior art waveguide type photoelectric signal modulator or electroabsorption type photoelectric signal modulator. , will not repeat them here.
  • the external optical interface is a single optical interface.
  • the external optical interface is interconnected with the optical interface of the router.
  • the external optical interface is a single optical interface.
  • the router only needs to manage and configure the external optical interface of the single optical interface, which reduces the complexity of optical interface management.
  • the method further includes: an internal optical interface, and the internal optical interface is a multi-optical interface.
  • each first beam splitter 314 is coupled to the first port of the second beam splitter 321 of a data sub-module 32 via an internal optical interface, respectively.
  • the internal optical interface is optically interconnected with the data sub-module 32, and the internal optical interface is used to separately
  • the light source provided by the multi-carrier light source 311 in the common-end module 31 is sent to the photoelectric signal modulator 322 in each of the data sub-modules 32 for modulation and transmission, and the light demultiplexed by the wave decomposition multiplexer 313 in the common-end module 31.
  • the signal is received.
  • the internal optical interface is a multi-optical interface, and optical signals of each wavelength provided by the common terminal module 31 are ensured to be sent to each corresponding data sub-module 32.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a system of Embodiment 3 of the optical module of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 6 is based on the embodiment shown in FIG. 3-5, and further includes: an optical interface and an electrical interface connector 33 (referred to as an optical port and an electrical port connector), an optical interface, and an electric
  • the interface connector 33 includes at least two internal optical interfaces. The number of internal optical interfaces of the optical interface and electrical interface connector 33 is the same as the number of first optical beam splitters 314, and each of the optical interface and electrical interface connector 33 is internal.
  • the optical interface has a corresponding electrical signal interface to be output and an electrical signal interface to be received.
  • each first beam splitter 314 is coupled to the first port of the second beam splitter 321 of a data sub-module 32 via an internal optical interface of the optical interface and electrical interface connector 33, respectively.
  • the photoelectric signal modulator 322 in each data sub-module 32 is connected to the electrical signal to be output corresponding to the internal optical interface connected to the second optical beam splitter 321, and the optical receiver 323 and the second in each data sub-module 32.
  • the internal optical interface connected to the optical beam splitter 321 is connected to the electrical signal to be received.
  • the optical interface and the electrical interface connector 33 are disposed on the line card 34, and each of the data sub-modules 32 is connected to the line card 34 through the optical interface and the electrical interface connector 33, respectively.
  • a corresponding number of data sub-modules 32 can be configured.
  • both the optical interface and the electrical interface in the optical interface and the electrical interface connector 33 in this embodiment are directed toward the inner side of the line card 34.
  • the electrical interface exchanges data with the line card 34.
  • the optical interface and the electrical interface connector 33 include at least two internal optical interfaces, so that the data sub-module 32 can be configured as needed, and at the same time, the small granularity data sub-module 32 can be free. replace.
  • the optical interface and the electrical interface connector 33 include 30 internal optical interfaces. If a 1Tbps capacity optical module needs to be configured, it can be implemented by inserting 25 40 Gbps data sub-modules 32, or inserting 10 100 Gbps data sub-blocks. Module 32 is implemented. Specifically, the number of the inserted data sub-modules 32 and the capacity of the inserted data sub-module 32 are determined according to the actual optical interface of the optical module and the internal optical interface of the electrical interface connector 33. This embodiment is not limited herein. .
  • the optical module provided in this embodiment is provided with an optical interface and an electrical interface connector 33, and the optical interface and the electrical interface connector 33 include at least two internal optical interfaces, so that the optical module and the electrical interface connector 33 are provided.
  • the data sub-module 32 can be configured as needed to implement a capacity-on-demand configurable single optical port large capacity optical module. At the same time, the small particle size data sub-module 32 can be freely replaced.
  • the network device provided in this embodiment includes the line card 34 and the optical module in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the optical module is placed on the line card 34.
  • the line card 34 is a device interface between an access line and an access device of a switch, router, or other network device.
  • the size of the line card 34 determines the size of the network device.
  • the optical module is disposed on the line card 34. According to the capacity of the line card 34, a corresponding number of data sub-modules 32 can be configured to realize a large capacity of the optical module, thereby realizing a large-capacity network device.
  • optical module in this embodiment may refer to related content disclosed in the related embodiments of the foregoing optical module, and details are not described herein again.
  • the network device provided in this embodiment is disposed on the line card 34 through the optical module.
  • the common end module 31 of the optical module includes a multi-carrier light source 311, a wavelength division multiplexer 312, a wave decomposition multiplexer 313, an external optical interface, and at least two.
  • the first optical beam splitter 314 provides the light source through the common terminal module 31, and only needs to manage the common terminal module 31.
  • the data sub-module 32 includes a second optical beam splitter 321, a photoelectric signal modulator 322, and an optical receiver 323.
  • the data sub-module 32 is at least two, and the data sub-module 32 can be correspondingly configured according to the required capacity of the optical module.
  • the number is realized to realize a large-capacity single optical port optical module, thereby realizing a large-capacity network device.
  • only a single optical port is managed, which reduces the complexity of optical port optical port management, saves fiber resources, and solves the realization of large granularity optical modules and cost bottlenecks.

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Abstract

一种光模块及网络设备。该光模块包括公共端模块(31)和两个数据子模块(32)。公共端模块(31)包括多载波光源(311)、波分复用器(312)、波分解复用器(313)、外部光接口、两个第一光分束器(314)。数据子模块(32)包括第二光分束器(321)、光电信号调制器(322)、光接收机(323)。该光模块及网络设备，可实现大容量单光口光模块，减少光口管理的复杂度，节省光纤资源。

Description

光模块及网络设备 技术领域
本发明涉及光通信领域，尤其涉及一种光模块及网络设备。
背景技术
光模块(optical transceiver)是用于路由器与网络设备之间信号传输的载体，主要实现光电信号的转换。随着网络设备容量的增加，路由器的处理速率及单线卡的容量也会在几年内迅速升级到1太比特每秒(Terabitspersecond，简称Tbps)、2Tbps，甚至4Tbps，路由器需要同样配置大容量光模块实现光互连。因此，实现大容量光模块是目前技术发展的方向。
目前，为解决大容量光模块问题，主要有两种方法：一种是采用大颗粒度可插拔光模块，另一种是采用多个小颗粒度的光模块复用而成。其中，大颗粒度指的是较大容量的光模块，比如1Tbps的光模块；小颗粒度指的是较小容量的光模块，比如40吉比特每秒(Gigabitspersecond，简称Gbps)的光模块。
然而，若采用大颗粒度可插拔光模块实现大容量光模块，其成本将远高于通过多个小颗粒度光模块复用的成本。且由于大颗粒度可插拔光模块需求仅局限于有限的光传输网络(Optical Transmission Network，简称OTN)设备与核心路由器之间，需求用量有限，用量决定了其未来降成本趋势动力不足。同时大颗粒度可插拔光模块的开发时间较长，无法满足线卡更新的需求。若采用多个小颗粒度的光模块复用实现大容量模块，则需要路由器对多个光接口(简称光口)进行管理及配置，增加了光口管理的复杂度，同时由于每个光口都需要与之对应的光纤与对方网络设备进行互联，也会浪费点对点互连的光纤资源。
发明内容
本发明提供一种光模块及网络设备，能够基于小颗粒度的光模块，实现大容量单光口光模块，对单光口进行管理，减少光口管理的复杂度，节省光 纤资源。
本发明第一方面提供的光模块，包括：公共端模块和两个数据子模块；
所述公共端模块包括多载波光源、波分复用器、波分解复用器、外部光接口、两个第一光分束器；
所述数据子模块包括第二光分束器、光电信号调制器、光接收机；
所述多载波光源分别与所述两个第一光分束器的第一端口连接，所述波分复用器分别与所述两个第一光分束器的第二端口连接，每个第一光分束器的第三端口分别与一个数据子模块中的第二光分束器的第一端口连接，所述波分解复用器分别与每一数据子模块中的光接收机连接；
在每一数据子模块中，第二光分束器的第二端口与光电信号调制器的输入端口连接，第二光分束器的第三端口与光电信号调制器的输出端口连接；
所述多载波光源用于产生两个波长的光信号，所述两个波长的光信号中的每一光信号分别通过一个所述第一光分束器输入到一个数据子模块中的第二光分束器中，所述光电信号调制器用于将待输出电信号与第二光分束器中的光信号调制为待输出光信号，所述待输出光信号通过第二光分束器输入到所述波分复用器中合成为待发送光信号并通过所述外部光接口输出；
所述外部光接口接收的光信号通过波分解复用器分解为两个待接收的光信号，每一待接收的光信号分别输入至一个数据子模块中的光接收机，每一数据子模块中的光接收机用于将接收到的待接收的光信号进行光电检测，输出待接收的电信号。
结合第一方面，在第一方面第一种可能的实现方式中，所述光模块包括至少两个数据子模块；
所述公共端模块包括至少两个第一光分束器；
所述第一光分束器的数量大于等于所述数据子模块的数量；
所述多载波光源分别与所述至少两个第一光分束器的第一端口连接，所述波分复用器分别与所述至少两个第一光分束器的第二端口连接，每个第一光分束器的第三端口分别与一个数据子模块中的第二光分束器的第一端口连接，所述波分解复用器分别与每一数据子模块中的光接收机连接；
所述多载波光源用于产生至少两个波长的光信号，所述至少两个波长的光信号中的每一光信号分别通过一个所述第一光分束器输入到一个数据子模 块中的第二光分束器中，所述光电信号调制器用于将待输出电信号与第二光分束器中的光信号调制为待输出光信号，所述待输出光信号通过第二光分束器输入到所述波分复用器中合成为待发送光信号并通过所述外部光接口输出；
所述外部光接口接收的光信号通过波分解复用器分解为至少两个待接收的光信号，每一待接收的光信号分别输入至一个数据子模块中的光接收机，每一数据子模块中的光接收机用于将接收到的待接收的光信号进行光电检测，输出待接收的电信号。
结合第一方面第一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第二种可能的实现方式中，所述第一光分束器和所述第二光分束器为偏振分束器，所述多载波光源用于产生至少两个波长的线偏振光，所述第一光分束器和所述第二光分束器通过保偏光纤连接。
结合第一方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第三种可能的实现方式中，所述偏振分束器为双向复用偏振分束器。
结合第一方面至第一方面第三种可能的实现方式中任一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第四种可能的实现方式中，所述光电信号调制器包括：波导型光电信号调制器或电吸收型光电信号调制器。
结合第一方面至第一方面第三种可能的实现方式中任一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第五种可能的实现方式中，所述外部光接口为单光接口。
结合第一方面至第一方面第三种可能的实现方式中任一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第六种可能的实现方式中，还包括：内部光接口，所述内部光接口为多光接口；
每个第一光分束器的第三端口分别通过所述内部光接口与一个数据子模块中的第二光分束器的第一端口连接。
结合第一方面至第一方面第三种可能的实现方式中任一种可能的实现方式，在第一方面第七种可能的实现方式中，还包括：光接口及电接口连接器，所述光接口及电接口连接器包括至少两个内部光接口，所述光接口及电接口连接器的内部光接口的数量与所述第一光分束器的数量相同，所述光接口及电接口连接器的每一内部光接口具有对应的待输出电信号接口和待接收电信号接口；
每个第一光分束器的第三端口分别通过所述光接口及电接口连接器的一个内部光接口与一个数据子模块中的第二光分束器的第一端口连接；
每个数据子模块中的光电信号调制器与第二光分束器连接的内部光接口对应的待输出电信号接口连接，每个数据子模块中的光接收机与第二光分束器连接的内部光接口对应的待接收电信号接口连接。
本发明第二方面提供的网络设备，包括：线卡和如第一方面至第一方面第七种可能的实现方式中任一种可能的实现方式所述的光模块；
所述光模块设置在所述线卡上。
本发明提供的光模块及网络设备，公共端模块包括多载波光源、波分复用器、波分解复用器、外部光接口、至少两个第一光分束器，通过公共端模块提供光源，只需对公共端模块进行管理。同时，数据子模块包括第二光分束器、光电信号调制器、光接收机，数据子模块至少为两个，根据光模块所需的容量可对应配置数据子模块的个数，从而实现大容量单光口光模块，只需对单光口进行管理，减少了光口管理的复杂度，节省了光纤资源，同时解决了大颗粒度光模块的实现及成本瓶颈。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术中小颗粒度光模块并行复用系统示意图；
图2为现有技术中小颗粒度光模块串行级联系统示意图；
图3为本发明光模块实施例一的系统示意图；
图4为本发明公共端模块和数据子模块的结构示意图；
图5为本发明光模块实施例二的系统示意图；
图6为本发明光模块实施例三的系统示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行 清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
通信网络上的很多功能都需要通过光电技术来实现，其中一种必要的元件是光模块。光模块是光纤通信系统中重要的器件，适用于路由器与网络设备之间，主要实现光电信号的转换。具体的，光模块可以将光纤上的光信号转换成电信号向网络设备传输，光模块也可以将电信号转换成光信号，通过光纤传输向路由器传输。
图1为现有技术中小颗粒度光模块并行复用系统示意图。如图1所示，采用多个小颗粒度光模块11并行复用的结构实现大容量光模块传输，多个小颗粒度光模块11并行插在线卡12上。每个小颗粒度光模块11都具有一个光源，采用多个小颗粒度光模块11及多个光口并行复用实现大容量光模块，其中，光口是用来连接光纤线缆的物理接口，用于处理光信号。小颗粒度光模块并行复用系统光口的个数与小颗粒度光模块11的个数相同，有多少个小颗粒度光模块11，就需要多少个光口，就需要对多少个光口进行管理，且需要使用多少对光纤资源与对方网络设备进行互连。比如实现1Tbps线卡，可采用25个40Gbps光模块并行复用实现1Tbps传输。小颗粒度光模块并行复用系统存在25个光口，需要对25个光口进行管理，同时需要使用25对光纤资源与对方网络设备进行互连。
图2为现有技术中小颗粒度光模块串行级联系统示意图。如图2所示，采用多个小颗粒度光模块串行级联结构进行模块化连接。每一个小颗粒度光模块都具有一个前置光口和后置光口、前置电接口(简称电口)和后置电接口，其中，电口是用来连接普通的网线和射频同轴电缆的物理接口，用于处理电信号。不同级次的小颗粒度光模块通过前置光口和后置光口、前置电口和后置电口进行连接，实现了不同级次模块光信号的复用以及电信号的传输。经过采用小颗粒度光模块串行级联结构光模块，可实现光信号统一复用至传输光口，所有电信号通过电接口传输至单板上。图2中只是示出了三个级次的小颗粒度光模块串行级联的结构，三个级次分别为第一级次小颗粒度光模块a、第二级次小颗粒度光模块b、第三级次小颗粒度光模块c。第一级次的小颗粒度光模块a通过电接口插在电插口上，实现电信号通过电接口与单板 的传输。第一级次小颗粒度光模块a通过后置光口、后置电口与第二级次小颗粒度光模块b的前置光口、前置电口互连。第二级次小颗粒度光模块b通过后置光口、后置电口与第三级次小颗粒度光模块c的前置光口、前置电口互连。小颗粒度光模块串行级联系统的级次、光口、电口依据光模块容量的大小和每个小颗粒度光模块的容量大小而定。比如实现1Tbps线卡，可采用25个40Gbps光模块串行级联实现1Tbps传输。小颗粒度光模块串行级联系统存在25个级次，需要12对光口的互连对准。
然而，图1中小颗粒度光模块并行复用系统采用多个小颗粒度光模块并行复用的结构实现大容量光模块传输，首先，需要对多个光口进行管理配置，以配置传输数据的关联性，增加了光口管理的复杂度；其次，需要使用多对光纤资源与对方网络设备进行互连，浪费了光纤资源，大大增加了光纤管理及配线方面的工作。图2中小颗粒度光模块串行级联系统采用多个小颗粒度光模块串行级联的结构实现大容量光模块传输，首先，需要多个小颗粒度光模块串行级联导致模块总体长度变长，使得电信号损耗增加，难以实现高速率大容量光模块；其次，需要多个前后光口的级联，增加了光口互连的对准难度以及机械加工的精度。
本发明所要解决的技术问题是如何基于小颗粒度的光模块，实现大容量单光口光模块，对单光口进行管理，减少光口管理的复杂度，节省光纤资源。同时，不需要改变光模块的总体长度，不存在多个光口级联，减少了电信号损耗，减少了光口互连的对准难度以及机械加工的精度。
本发明的主要思想是通过将光模块整体系统结构分为公共端模块和数据子模块两部分。公共端模块包括多载波光源、波分复用器、波分解复用器、外部光接口、至少两个第一光分束器，通过公共端模块提供光源，只需对公共端模块进行管理，可实现单光口光模块。同时，数据子模块包括第二光分束器、光电信号调制器、光接收机，数据子模块至少为两个，根据光模块的所需的容量可对应配置数据子模块的个数，可实现大容量光模块，从而实现大容量单光口光模块。
下面以具体地实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。下面这几个具体的实施例可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例不再赘述。
图3为本发明光模块实施例一的系统示意图，图4为本发明公共端模块和数据子模块的结构示意图。如图3和图4所示，本实施例的光模块包括：公共端模块31(简称公共端)和两个数据子模块32(简称子模块)。
公共端模块31包括多载波光源311、波分复用器312、波分解复用器313、外部光接口(未示出)、两个第一光分束器314。
数据子模块32包括第二光分束器321、光电信号调制器322(简称调制器)、光接收机323。
多载波光源311分别与两个第一光分束器314的第一端口连接，波分复用器312分别与两个第一光分束器314的第二端口连接，每个第一光分束器314的第三端口分别与一个数据子模块32中的第二光分束器321的第一端口连接，波分解复用器313分别与每一数据子模块32中的光接收机323连接。
在每一数据子模块32中，第二光分束器321的第二端口与光电信号调制器322的输入端口连接，第二光分束器321的第三端口与光电信号调制器322的输出端口连接。
多载波光源311用于产生两个波长的光信号，两个波长的光信号中的每一光信号分别通过一个第一光分束器314输入到一个数据子模块32中的第二光分束器321中，光电信号调制器322用于将待输出电信号与第二光分束器321中的光信号调制为待输出光信号，待输出光信号通过第二光分束器321输入到波分复用器312中合成为待发送光信号并通过外部光接口输出。
外部光接口接收的光信号通过波分解复用器313分解为两个待接收的光信号，每一待接收的光信号分别输入至一个数据子模块32中的光接收机323，每一数据子模块32中的光接收机323用于将接收到的待接收的光信号进行光电检测，输出待接收的电信号。
需要说明的是，光模块包括两个数据子模块32，但并不只限于两个数据子模块32。公共端模块31包括两个第一光分束器314，但并不只限于两个第一光分束器314。
本实施例提供的光模块，公共端模块31包括多载波光源311、波分复用器312、波分解复用器313、外部光接口、两个第一光分束器314，通过公共端模块31提供光源，只需对公共端模块31进行管理。同时，两个数据子模块32分别包括第二光分束器321、光电信号调制器322、光接收机323，根 据光模块所需的容量可对应配置数据子模块32的个数，从而实现大容量单光口光模块，只需对单光口进行管理，减少了光口管理的复杂度，节省了光纤资源，同时解决了大颗粒度光模块的实现及成本瓶颈。
图5为本发明光模块实施例二的系统示意图。如图5所示，本实施例的光模块包括：公共端模块31(简称公共端)和至少两个数据子模块32(简称子模块)。
需要说明的是，本实施例公共端模块31和数据子模块32的结构示意图可参照图4中的公共端模块和数据子模块的结构示意图。
公共端模块31包括多载波光源311、波分复用器312、波分解复用器313、外部光接口(未示出)、至少两个第一光分束器314。
具体的，光分束器是将光信号实现分路的器件，用于将光信号进行分光，一个波长的光信号只能通过一个光分束器。第一光分束器314是位于公共端模块31的光分束器，称为第一光分束器314是为了与数据子模块32中的第二光分束器321区别，但并不仅限于称为第一光分束器314，也可以称为公共端光分束器，本实施例在此不进行限制。第一光分束器314用于将多载波光源311产生的多个波长的光信号实现分路，进行分光。同时，第一光分束器314用于接收第二光分束器321发送的相同波长的光信号。第一光分束器314具有三个端口，分别为第一端口A端口、第二端口C端口、第三端口B端口。其中，第一端口A端口作为光进入端口，第二端口C端口作为光出入端口，第三端口B端口既可以作为光进入端口，也可以作为光出入端口。第一端口A端口为光进入端口时，第三端口B端口作为光出入端口，第三端口B端口作为光进入端口时，第二端口C端口作为光出入端口。举例来说，若光信号从第一光分束器314的第一端口A端口进，则只能从第一光分束器314的第三端口B端口出。若从第一光分束器314的第三端口B端口进，则只能从第一光分束器314的第二端口C端口出。
多载波光源311可提供直流光源，用于产生至少两个波长的光信号。多载波光源311产生的多波长的光信号的个数与第一光分束器314的个数相同，假设多载波光源311产生多波长的光信号的个数和第一光分束器的个数均为N个，则将多载波光源311产生的光信号的波长分别标记为λ1、λ2……λN，其中，N为大于等于数据子模块个数的正整数。波分复用器312用于将不同 波长的光信号合成一束，合成一束的光信号沿着单根光纤传输。波分解复用器313用于将从单根光纤传输的一束光信号分成多个波长的光信号。波分复用器312和波分解复用器313具体的工作原理与现有技术中的波分复用器和波分解复用器的工作原理相同，本实施例在此不进行赘述。
数据子模块32包括第二光分束器321、光电信号调制器322(简称调制器)、光接收机323。
具体的，第二光分束器321是位于数据子模块32的光分束器，一个数据子模块32有一个第二光分束器321，称为第二光分束器321是为了与公共端模块31中的第一光分束器314区别，但并不仅限于称为第二光分束器321，也可以称为数据子模块光分束器，本实施例在此不进行限制。第二光分束器321用于将光电信号调制器322调制后的光信号实现分路，进行分光。同时，第二光分束器321用于接收第一光分束器314发送的相同波长的光信号。第二光分束器321具有三个端口，分别为第一端口D端口、第二端口E端口、第三端口F端口。其中，第一端口D端口既可以作为光进入端口，也可以作为光出入端口，第二端口E端口作为光出入端口，第三端口F端口作为光进入端口。第一端口D端口为光进入端口时，第二端口E端口作为光出入端口，第三端口F端口作为光进入端口时，第一端口D端口作为光出入端口。举例来说，若光信号从第二光分束器321的第一端口D端口进，则只能从第二光分束器321的第二端口E端口进；若光信号从第二光分束器321的第三端口F端口进，则只能从第二光分束器321的第一端口D端口出。
需要说明的是，一个光分束器只能接收一个波长的光信号。一个第一光分束器314对应一个数据子模块32，其对应的数据子模块32中的第二光分束器321与第一光分束器314相对应，比如，若第一光分束器314通过的是波长为λ1的光信号，与波长为λ1对应的数据子模块32中的第二光分束器321也只能通过波长为λ1的光信号；若第一光分束器314通过的是波长为λN的光信号，与波长为λN对应的数据子模块32中的第二光分束器321也只能通过波长为λN的光信号。
光电信号调制器322用于将待输出电信号与第二光分束器321中的光信号调制为待输出光信号。光接收机323用于将接收到的光信号进行光电检测。光电信号调制器322和光接收机323具体的工作原理与现有技术中的光电信 号调制器和光接收机的工作原理相同，本实施例在此不进行赘述。
第一光分束器314的数量大于等于数据子模块32的数量。
需要说明的是，第一光分束器314的数量大于等于数据子模块32的数量，每一个数据子模块32都有对应的第一光分束器314，确保经过每一个第一光分束器314的光信号都能传输给对应的每一个数据子模块32。
多载波光源311分别与至少两个第一光分束器314的第一端口连接，波分复用器312分别与至少两个第一光分束器314的第二端口连接，每个第一光分束器314的第三端口分别与一个数据子模块32中的第二光分束器321的第一端口连接，波分解复用器313分别与每一数据子模块32中的光接收机323连接。
在每一数据子模块32中，第二光分束器321的第二端口与光电信号调制器322的输入端口连接，第二光分束器321的第三端口与光电信号调制器322的输出端口连接。
多载波光源311用于产生至少两个波长的光信号，至少两个波长的光信号中的每一光信号分别通过一个第一光分束器314输入到一个数据子模块32中的第二光分束器321中，光电信号调制器322用于将待输出电信号与第二光分束器321中的光信号调制为待输出光信号，待输出光信号通过第二光分束器321输入到波分复用器312中合成为待发送光信号并通过外部光接口输出。
外部光接口接收的光信号通过波分解复用器313分解为至少两个待接收的光信号，每一待接收的光信号分别输入至一个数据子模块32中的光接收机323，每一数据子模块32中的光接收机323用于将接收到的待接收的光信号进行光电检测，输出待接收的电信号。
具体的，多载波光源311产生的至少两个波长的光信号中的每一光信号分别通过一个第一光分束器314输入到一个数据子模块32中的第二光分束器321中，光电信号调制器322调制后的待输出光信号通过第二光分束器321输入到波分复用器312中合成为待发送光信号并通过外部光接口输出。
外部光接口接收的光信号通过波分解复用器313分解为至少两个待接收的光信号，每一待接收的光信号分别输入至一个数据子模块32中的光接收机323，每一数据子模块32中的光接收机323用于将接收到的待接收的光信号 进行光电检测，输出待接收的电信号。
在具体使用时，当光模块作为发射端时，多载波光源311产生多个波长的光信号。多波长的光信号分别射入至第一光分束器314，其中，一个波长的光信号射入一个第一光分束器314。一个波长的光信号在一个第一光分束器314的第一端口A端口慢轴(快轴)入射，其中，慢轴与快轴是光信号的两个偏振方向，慢轴指的是与光信号平行的方向，快轴指的是与光信号垂直的方向。在第一光分束器314的第三端口B端口慢轴(快轴)出射。经第一光分束器314的第三端口B端口慢轴(快轴)出射的光信号传输至第二光分束器321的第一端口D端口，由第二光分束器321的第一端口D端口慢轴(快轴)入射，在第二光分束器321的第二端口E端口慢轴(快轴)出射。经光电信号调制器322进行调制，调制后的光信号由第二光分束器321的第三端口F端口慢轴(快轴)入射，在第二光分束器的第一端口D端口快轴(慢轴)出射。经第二光分束器321的第一端口D端口快轴(慢轴)出射的调制光传输至第一光分束器314的第三端口B端口，由第一光分束器314的第三端口B端口快轴(慢轴)入射，在第一光分束器314的第二端口C端口慢轴(快轴)出射。每个第一光分束器314的第二端口C端口的出射光由波分复用器312合波后发射至发射光纤。
当光模块作为接收端时，对于从接收光纤接收到的多波长光信号，通过波分解复用器313进行分波，然后通过不同的光纤传输至各个数据子模块32，各个数据子模块32将接收到的相应波长的光信号通过光接收机323进行光电检测，恢复至电信号。
需要说明的是，公共端模块31中的多载波光源311产生多个波长的光信号，为每一个数据子模块32提供直流光源。多载波光源311产生的每一个波长的光信号对应一个第一光分束器314，每一个第一光分束器314对应一个第二光分束器321，使得多载波光源311产生的任一个波长的光信号都可传输至数据子模块32，实现了数据子模块32无色化，使光模块可统一编码并实现绿色低功耗、小型化，其中，数据子模块32无色化是指任何波长的光信号都可通过数据子模块32。每一数据子模块32都有一个数据发射端和数据接收端，如图4所示，DATA-1T表示接收波长λ1的数据子模块32的数据发射端，DATA-1R表示接收波长λ1的数据子模块32的数据接收端，DATA-NT 表示接收波长λN的数据子模块32的数据发射端，DATA-NR表示接收波长λN的数据子模块32的数据接收端。
本实施例提供的光模块，公共端模块31包括多载波光源311、波分复用器312、波分解复用器313、外部光接口、至少两个第一光分束器314，通过公共端模块31提供光源，只需对公共端模块31进行管理。同时，数据子模块32包括第二光分束器321、光电信号调制器322、光接收机323，数据子模块32至少为两个，根据光模块所需的容量可对应配置数据子模块32的个数，从而实现大容量单光口光模块，只需对单光口进行管理，减少了光口管理的复杂度，节省了光纤资源，同时解决了大颗粒度光模块的实现及成本瓶颈。
进一步地，在图3所示实施例中，第一光分束器314和第二光分束器321为偏振分束器(Polarization Beam Splitter，简称PBS)，多载波光源311用于产生至少两个波长的线偏振光，第一光分束器314和第二光分束器321通过保偏光纤连接。
具体的，偏振分束器可以将两个不同振动方向的光分开，偏振分束器是利用双折射晶体把一束两个偏振方向的光分成两束线偏振光。比如，第一光分束器314为偏振分束器，多载波光源311产生的波长为λ1的线偏振光，存在横向和纵向两个偏振方向的光信号，通过第一光分束器314的第一端口A端口进入第一光分束器中，第一光分束器将存在横向和纵向两个偏振方向的波长为λ1的光信号分成两束波长分别为λ1的光信号，其中，一束为横向的偏振光，一束为纵向的偏振光，并将分成的波长为λ1但偏振方向不同的两束光信号通过第一光分束器314的第三端口B端口输出。同理，第二光分束器321为偏振分束器，经光电信号调制器322调制后波长为λ1的调制光存在横向和纵向两个偏振方向的光信号，通过第二光分束器321的第三端口F端口进入第二光分束器321中，第二光分束器321将存在横向和纵向两个偏振方向的波长为λ1的光信号分成两束波长分别为λ1的光信号，其中，一束为横向的偏振光，一束为纵向的偏振光，并将分成的波长为λ1但偏振方向不同的两束光信号通过第二光分束器321的第一端口D端口输出。
需要说明的是，线偏振光指的是光振动(在垂直于光波前进方向的平面内)限于某一固定方向的偏振光。第一光分束器314和第二光分束器321通过保 偏光纤连接，确保线偏振光在第一光分束器314和第二光分束器321之间传输过程中的偏振方向不变。
进一步地，在图3所示实施例中，偏振分束器为双向复用偏振分束器。
具体的，第一光分束器314采用双向复用偏振分束器，多载波光源311产生的线偏振光可以在第一光分束器314的第三端口B端口慢轴(快轴)出射，同时，光电信号调制器322调制后的线偏振光可以由第一光分束器314的第三端口B端口快轴(慢轴)入射。第二光分束器321采用双向复用偏振分束器，多载波光源311产生的线偏振光可以由第二光分束器321的第一端口D端口慢轴(快轴)入射，同时，光电信号调制器322调制后的线偏振光可以由第二光分束器321的第一端口D端口快轴(慢轴)出射。多载波光源311产生的线偏振光在第一光分束器314的第三端口B端口慢轴(快轴)出射，光电信号调制器322调制后的线偏振光在第二光分束器321的第一端口D端口快轴(慢轴)出射，使得在公共端模块31与数据子模块32存在两个方向不同光波进行传输，从而实现了在公共端模块31与数据子模块32的复用功能。
进一步地，在图3所示的实施例中，光电信号调制器322包括：波导型光电信号调制器322(Mach-Zehnder，简称MZ)或电吸收型光电信号调制器322(Electro Absorption Modulator，简称EAM)。
具体的，光电信号调制器322可以为波导型光电信号调制器或电吸收型光电信号调制器，其工作原理与现有技术波导型光电信号调制器或电吸收型光电信号调制器的工作原理一样，在此不再赘述。
进一步地，在图3所示实施例中，外部光接口为单光接口。
具体的，外部光接口与路由器光接口对接互连，外部光接口为单光接口，路由器只需对单光接口的外部光接口进行管理及配置，减少了光口管理的复杂度。
进一步地，在图3所示实施例中，还包括：内部光接口，内部光接口为多光接口。
每个第一光分束器314的第三端口分别通过内部光接口与一个数据子模块32中的第二光分束器321的第一端口连接。
具体的，内部光接口与数据子模块32光互连，内部光接口用于分别将公 共端模块31中多载波光源311提供的光源发送给每一个数据子模块32中的光电信号调制器322进行调制及发射，以及对公共端模块31中波分解复用器313解复用的光信号进行接收。内部光接口为多光接口，确保公共端模块31提供的每一个波长的光信号发送给每一个对应的数据子模块32。
图6为本发明光模块实施例三的系统示意图。如图6所示，图6是在图3-5所示实施例的基础上，进一步地还包括：光接口及电接口连接器33(简称光口及电口连接器)，光接口及电接口连接器33包括至少两个内部光接口，光接口及电接口连接器33的内部光接口的数量与第一光分束器314的数量相同，光接口及电接口连接器33的每一内部光接口具有对应的待输出电信号接口和待接收电信号接口。
每个第一光分束器314的第三端口分别通过光接口及电接口连接器33的一个内部光接口与一个数据子模块32中的第二光分束器321的第一端口连接。
每个数据子模块32中的光电信号调制器322与第二光分束器321连接的内部光接口对应的待输出电信号接口连接，每个数据子模块32中的光接收机323与第二光分束器321连接的内部光接口对应的待接收电信号接口连接。
具体的，光接口及电接口连接器33设置在线卡34上，各个数据子模块32分别通过光接口及电接口连接器33连接在线卡34上。根据线卡34容量的需求，可配置相应数量的数据子模块32。
需要说明的是，本实施例中光接口及电接口连接器33中的光接口和电接口均朝向线卡34内侧。电接口与线卡34进行数据交换，光接口及电接口连接器33包括至少两个内部光接口，使得数据子模块32可按照需求进行配置，同时，对于小颗粒度数据子模块32可进行自由更换。
举例来说，光接口及电接口连接器33包括30个内部光接口，若需要配置1Tbps容量光模块，可以采用插入25个40Gbps的数据子模块32实现，也可以采用插入10个100Gbps的数据子模块32实现。具体的采用插入数据子模块32的个数，以及插入数据子模块32的容量根据实际使用的光模块光接口及电接口连接器33中的内部光接口而定，本实施例在此不进行限定。
本实施例提供的光模块，在上述实施例的基础上，通过设置光接口及电接口连接器33，光接口及电接口连接器33包括至少两个内部光接口，使得 数据子模块32可按照需求进行配置，从而实现容量按需可配置的单光口大容量光模块。同时，对于小颗粒度数据子模块32可进行自由更换。
本实施例提供的网络设备，包括：线卡34和上述实施例任一项实施例中的光模块。
光模块设置在线卡34上。
具体的，线卡34是关于交换机、路由器或其它网络设备的访问线路与访问设备间的一种设备接口。线卡34的容量大小决定着网络设备容量的大小。光模块设置在线卡34上，根据线卡34容量的需求，可配置相应数量的数据子模块32，实现光模块的大容量，进而实现大容量的网络设备。
需要说明的是，本实施例光模块具体的结构和功能，均可以参考上述光模块所涉及的相关实施例揭露的相关内容，在此不再赘述。
本实施例提供的网络设备，通过光模块设置在线卡34上，光模块的公共端模块31包括多载波光源311、波分复用器312、波分解复用器313、外部光接口、至少两个第一光分束器314，通过公共端模块31提供光源，只需对公共端模块31进行管理。同时，数据子模块32包括第二光分束器321、光电信号调制器322、光接收机323，数据子模块32至少为两个，根据光模块所需的容量可对应配置数据子模块32的个数，从而实现大容量单光口光模块，进而实现大容量的网络设备。同时只需对单光口进行管理，减少了光模块光口管理的复杂度，节省了光纤资源，同时解决了大颗粒度光模块的实现及成本瓶颈。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种光模块，其特征在于，包括：公共端模块和两个数据子模块；
    所述公共端模块包括多载波光源、波分复用器、波分解复用器、外部光接口、两个第一光分束器；
    所述数据子模块包括第二光分束器、光电信号调制器、光接收机；
    所述多载波光源分别与所述两个第一光分束器的第一端口连接，所述波分复用器分别与所述两个第一光分束器的第二端口连接，每个第一光分束器的第三端口分别与一个数据子模块中的第二光分束器的第一端口连接，所述波分解复用器分别与每一数据子模块中的光接收机连接；
    在每一数据子模块中，第二光分束器的第二端口与光电信号调制器的输入端口连接，第二光分束器的第三端口与光电信号调制器的输出端口连接；
    所述多载波光源用于产生两个波长的光信号，所述两个波长的光信号中的每一光信号分别通过一个所述第一光分束器输入到一个数据子模块中的第二光分束器中，所述光电信号调制器用于将待输出电信号与第二光分束器中的光信号调制为待输出光信号，所述待输出光信号通过第二光分束器输入到所述波分复用器中合成为待发送光信号并通过所述外部光接口输出；
    所述外部光接口接收的光信号通过波分解复用器分解为两个待接收的光信号，每一待接收的光信号分别输入至一个数据子模块中的光接收机，每一数据子模块中的光接收机用于将接收到的待接收的光信号进行光电检测，输出待接收的电信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光模块，其特征在于，所述光模块包括至少两个数据子模块；
    所述公共端模块包括至少两个第一光分束器；
    所述第一光分束器的数量大于等于所述数据子模块的数量；
    所述多载波光源分别与所述至少两个第一光分束器的第一端口连接，所述波分复用器分别与所述至少两个第一光分束器的第二端口连接，每个第一光分束器的第三端口分别与一个数据子模块中的第二光分束器的第一端口连接，所述波分解复用器分别与每一数据子模块中的光接收机连接；
    所述多载波光源用于产生至少两个波长的光信号，所述至少两个波长的光信号中的每一光信号分别通过一个所述第一光分束器输入到一个数据子模 块中的第二光分束器中，所述光电信号调制器用于将待输出电信号与第二光分束器中的光信号调制为待输出光信号，所述待输出光信号通过第二光分束器输入到所述波分复用器中合成为待发送光信号并通过所述外部光接口输出；
    所述外部光接口接收的光信号通过波分解复用器分解为至少两个待接收的光信号，每一待接收的光信号分别输入至一个数据子模块中的光接收机，每一数据子模块中的光接收机用于将接收到的待接收的光信号进行光电检测，输出待接收的电信号。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光模块，其特征在于，所述第一光分束器和所述第二光分束器为偏振分束器，所述多载波光源用于产生至少两个波长的线偏振光，所述第一光分束器和所述第二光分束器通过保偏光纤连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光模块，其特征在于，所述偏振分束器为双向复用偏振分束器。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的光模块，其特征在于，所述光电信号调制器包括：波导型光电信号调制器或电吸收型光电信号调制器。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的光模块，其特征在于，所述外部光接口为单光接口。
  7. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的光模块，其特征在于，还包括：内部光接口，所述内部光接口为多光接口；
    每个第一光分束器的第三端口分别通过所述内部光接口与一个数据子模块中的第二光分束器的第一端口连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的光模块，其特征在于，还包括：光接口及电接口连接器，所述光接口及电接口连接器包括至少两个内部光接口，所述光接口及电接口连接器的内部光接口的数量与所述第一光分束器的数量相同，所述光接口及电接口连接器的每一内部光接口具有对应的待输出电信号接口和待接收电信号接口；
    每个第一光分束器的第三端口分别通过所述光接口及电接口连接器的一个内部光接口与一个数据子模块中的第二光分束器的第一端口连接；
    每个数据子模块中的光电信号调制器与第二光分束器连接的内部光接口对应的待输出电信号接口连接，每个数据子模块中的光接收机与第二光分束 器连接的内部光接口对应的待接收电信号接口连接。
  9. 一种网络设备，其特征在于，包括：线卡和如权利要求1-8任一项所述的光模块；
    所述光模块设置在所述线卡上。
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