WO2016163619A1 - 여닫이문 자동 닫힘 방지를 위한 여닫이문 고정 장치 - Google Patents
여닫이문 자동 닫힘 방지를 위한 여닫이문 고정 장치 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016163619A1 WO2016163619A1 PCT/KR2015/012416 KR2015012416W WO2016163619A1 WO 2016163619 A1 WO2016163619 A1 WO 2016163619A1 KR 2015012416 W KR2015012416 W KR 2015012416W WO 2016163619 A1 WO2016163619 A1 WO 2016163619A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- coupled
- swing door
- buffer ball
- holding
- holding bars
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
- E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
- E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
- E05C17/46—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means in which the wing or a member fixed thereon is engaged by a movable fastening member in a fixed position; in which a movable fastening member mounted on the wing engages a stationary member
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05C—BOLTS OR FASTENING DEVICES FOR WINGS, SPECIALLY FOR DOORS OR WINDOWS
- E05C17/00—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith
- E05C17/02—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means
- E05C17/46—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means in which the wing or a member fixed thereon is engaged by a movable fastening member in a fixed position; in which a movable fastening member mounted on the wing engages a stationary member
- E05C17/52—Devices for holding wings open; Devices for limiting opening of wings or for holding wings open by a movable member extending between frame and wing; Braking devices, stops or buffers, combined therewith by mechanical means in which the wing or a member fixed thereon is engaged by a movable fastening member in a fixed position; in which a movable fastening member mounted on the wing engages a stationary member comprising a snap, catch, or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B15/00—Other details of locks; Parts for engagement by bolts of fastening devices
- E05B15/02—Striking-plates; Keepers; Bolt staples; Escutcheons
- E05B15/0205—Striking-plates, keepers, staples
- E05B15/029—Closures, e.g. preventing dirt or paint from entering into the striker
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F5/00—Braking devices, e.g. checks; Stops; Buffers
- E05F5/02—Braking devices, e.g. checks; Stops; Buffers specially for preventing the slamming of swinging wings during final closing movement, e.g. jamb stops
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F5/00—Braking devices, e.g. checks; Stops; Buffers
- E05F5/06—Buffers or stops limiting opening of swinging wings, e.g. floor or wall stops
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F5/00—Braking devices, e.g. checks; Stops; Buffers
- E05F5/06—Buffers or stops limiting opening of swinging wings, e.g. floor or wall stops
- E05F5/08—Buffers or stops limiting opening of swinging wings, e.g. floor or wall stops with springs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
- E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
- E05Y2900/132—Doors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a swing door fixing device, and more particularly, to a device for fixing a swing door in order to prevent the swing door, which is most frequently used as a home visit, from being automatically closed and closed.
- opening and closing doors are pushed or pulled to provide convenience for living, except in the case of opening a relatively narrow space, such as an auxiliary door at the entrance, a utility room, or a warehouse for miscellaneous items. Doors are widely used.
- the handle or the corner When the swing door is opened, the handle or the corner may be damaged by hitting the opposite wall surface, and in order to prevent this, a shock absorbing member is recently mounted on the surface hitting the wall surface of the swing door.
- the shock absorbing member is provided with a support bar protruding higher than the handle and a shock absorbing ball for providing a cushioning characteristic at an end of the support bar to prevent damage to the handle.
- the shock absorbing member is mounted on the upper portion of the sliding door so as not to be damaged by the user even when the sliding door is used for a long time.
- a door that is equipped with a safety device such as the shock absorbing member is frequently closed and closed automatically by wind from the outside when the window is opened for the purpose of cleaning or external ventilation.
- a swing door fixing device includes a fixing portion and a holder portion.
- the fixing part is installed in a state in which the cushioning member coupled to the end of the cushioning ball is attached to the end of the swinging door in order to prevent the handle or the corner portion of the swinging door directly hit the wall in the process of opening the swinging door, It is fixed to the wall to be in contact during the opening process.
- the holder part is installed in the fixing part, and momentarily holds the buffer ball through elasticity when the shock absorbing member strikes the fixing part.
- the handle or the corner portion of the swing door according to another embodiment to have a buffer ball at the end of the swing door in order to prevent directly hit the wall in the process of opening the swing door
- the swing door fixing device mounted to the wall to hold the mounted cushioning member includes first and second holding bars, an elastic module, and supports.
- the first and second holding bars are spaced apart by a predetermined interval in the vertical direction so that the buffer ball is inserted therebetween.
- the elastic module is mounted between the first and second holding bars, and provides elasticity so that the buffer ball is inserted and fixed between the first and second holding bars.
- the supports include support portions coupled to each of both ends of the first and second holding bars such that a gap between the first and second holding bars is adjusted by the elastic module.
- each support portion includes a first support plate having a first cam groove inserted into a first cam follower coupled to an end of the first holding bar to provide a path, and a second cam follower coupled to an end of the second holding bar. Is inserted into a second support plate having a second cam groove symmetrical with the first cam groove.
- the handle or the edge portion of the swing door has a buffer ball at the end to prevent the direct hit against the wall in the process of opening the swing door
- the wall-mounted swinging door fixing device for holding the shock-absorbing member which is mounted at the same time includes a receiving plate, a pair of rollers, a roller support and an elastic portion.
- the receiving plate has a receiving groove formed by a bottom and side walls, and has an inlet through which the buffer ball enters and exits from the bottom.
- the rollers are disposed to face each other to hold the buffer ball entering and exiting the inlet in the receiving groove.
- the roller support unit is coupled to the structure wrapped around both ends of the rollers in the receiving groove so that each of the rollers are rotatable.
- the elastic portion provides elasticity to the roller support portion between the roller support portion and the inner sidewall of the receiving groove.
- the holder is installed in the fixed part fixed to the wall the shock absorbing member mounted on the swing door to prevent the handle or the corner portion directly hit the wall when opening the swing door
- the user can simply prevent the swing door from being swelled and closed by the wind flowing from the outside by only opening the swing door. can do.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a swing door fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a view showing in detail the holder of the swing door fixing device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a view schematically showing a swing door fixing device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of a swing door fixing device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the holding block of the swing door fixing device illustrated in FIG. 4.
- FIG. 6 is a view schematically showing an interior space in which a swing door fixing device according to another embodiment of the present invention is installed.
- FIG. 7 is a view showing in detail the swing door fixing device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a view showing in detail the first and second cam grooves of the swing door fixing device shown in FIG.
- 9 to 13 are views showing step by step the process of fixing the buffer ball to the swing door fixing device.
- FIG. 14 is a view schematically showing an interior space in which a swing door fixing device according to another embodiment of the present invention is installed.
- FIG. 15 is a view showing in detail the swing door fixing device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a view illustrating the internal structure of a storage plate in the swing door fixing device of FIG. 15 in detail.
- 17 is a view showing a structure excluding the rollers, the roller support and the elastic portion in the receiving plate shown in FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a view illustrating in detail the cover plate that covers the storage plate in the swinging door fixing device of FIG. 15.
- FIG. 19 is a view showing in detail the fixing plate coupled to the cover plate in the swing door fixing device shown in FIG.
- first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.
- the first component may be referred to as the second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as the first component.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a swing door fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a view showing in detail the holder portion of the swing door fixing device shown in FIG.
- the swing door fixing device 100 includes a fixing part 200 and a holder part 300.
- the fixing part 200 is fixed to the wall 20 that collides with the sliding door 10 when the opening door 10 is opened.
- the door 10 is equipped with a shock absorbing member 30 to prevent the handle or the corner portion of the door to directly hit the wall 20 in the process of opening the door 10.
- the buffer member 30 includes a support rod 32 protruding higher than the handle and a buffer 34 to provide a cushioning property to an end portion of the support rod 32.
- the buffer 34 may be made of a rubber material having excellent buffering capacity for the price.
- the fixing part 200 is specifically fixed to a position where the buffer member 30 of the wall 20 is in contact with the opening door 10.
- the fixing part 200 may use a fixing means suitable for the material of the wall 20.
- a fixing means suitable for the material of the wall 20 For example, when the wall 20 is a cement material, an anchor piece or a concrete nail may be used, and in the case of a wood material, a drill piece or a nail for wood may be used.
- the fixing part 200 may be manufactured integrally with the wall 20 in the process of initially manufacturing the wall 20.
- the holder part 300 is installed in the fixing part 200.
- the holder part 300 temporarily holds the shock absorber 34 through elasticity when the shock absorbing member 30 strikes the fixing part 200.
- the holder part 300 includes holding bars 310, a guide part 320, and an elastic part 330.
- the holding bars 310 have a structure in which two are spaced apart so that a space in which the buffer 34 is inserted is formed. At this time, the surface which is in contact when the buffered light 34 of each of the holding bars 310 is inserted may have a curved structure to smoothly guide the insertion of the holding bars 310. Thus, each of the holding bars 310 may have a cylindrical rod shape. Since the two holding bars 310 play the same role, they may have substantially the same shape.
- the guide part 320 is installed between the holding bars 310 and the fixing part 200.
- the guide part 320 guides their movement so that the buffer space 34 can be opened or contracted in the process of being inserted into the space between the holding bars 310. Accordingly, the guide part 320 may be connected to the fixing part 200 through a hinge structure to smoothly guide the movement of the holding bars 310.
- the guide part 320 may have a structure in which the holding bars 310 and the fixing part 200 are simply connected in the form of a plate as shown in FIG. 2, but surround the outer sides of the holding bars 310 or Both ends of the holding bars 310 may have a fan shape having coupling holes that can be inserted and coupled thereto.
- the elastic portion 330 is mounted to the guide portion 320.
- the elastic part 330 is mounted to provide elasticity to the holding bars 310 to allow the holding bars 310 to contract.
- the elastic part 330 may have a structure in which an elastic body such as a rubber band or a spring is connected between the guide parts 320 connected to each of the holding bars 310.
- the shock absorbing member 30 mounted to the opening door 10 is prevented from directly hitting the wall 20 by the handle or the corner part of the wall 20.
- the shock absorbing light 34 coupled to the end of the shock absorbing member 30 through an elasticity through the holder part 300 installed in the fixing part 200 fixed thereto, the user can simply By opening the operation (10), the door 10 can be easily prevented from being closed by the wind flowing from the outside.
- FIG. 3 is a view schematically showing a swing door fixing device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are substantially the same as those of FIGS. 1 and 2 except for the shape of the fixing part, the structure of the holding bars, and the characteristics of the cushioning member added thereto, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the fixing part 500 of the swing door fixing device 400 has a housing structure.
- the holder 600 is built in the housing.
- a very clean design can be realized.
- the fixing part 500 is an insertion hole 510 in which the holding bars 610 of the holder part 600 are partially exposed while the shock absorbing member (34 of FIG. 1) of the buffer member 30 is inserted.
- the insertion hole 510 may be formed at a central position of the fixing part 500 in a structurally stable manner.
- the holding bars 610 of the holder part 600 may be formed to be narrower as the interval therebetween in either direction.
- the buffer buffer 34 of FIG. 1 may be stably inserted and held while being guided into the space between the holding bars 610 by the narrowing shape in the process of being inserted between the holding bars 610. have.
- the holding bars 610 may embody the narrowing direction so that the gap therebetween becomes narrow along the direction in which the wind (W) is introduced.
- the buffer buffer 34 of FIG. 1 may be inserted and held more easily and stably in the space between the holding bars 610.
- the buffer bar is narrowed to the narrowed portions of the holding bars 610 by the wind W.
- the shock absorber 34 (of FIG. 1) may be more stably held to the holding bars 610.
- the buffer member (30 of FIG. 1) is the wind (W) is introduced so that the buffer (34 of FIG.
- the shock absorber (34 in FIG. 1) is guided to the narrowing position of the holding bar 610 due to the wind (W)
- the shock absorber (34 in FIG. 1) can be held more stably by the wind (W).
- Figure 4 is a schematic perspective view of a swing door fixing device according to another embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the holding block of the swing door fixing device shown in FIG.
- the swinging door fixing device 700 includes a holding block 800 and at least one ball plunger 900.
- the holding block 800 may be fixed to the wall 20 as an integrated structure with the fixing part (200 of FIG. 1) in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the holding block 800 has an insertion hole 810 into which the buffering buffer 34 of the shock absorbing member 30 mounted on the door 10 is inserted into the center portion.
- the holding block 800 may have a height higher than the diameter of the buffer buffer 34 so that the buffer buffer 34 can be completely inserted.
- the ball plunger 900 is formed inside the insertion hole 810 of the holding block 800.
- the ball plunger 900 provides elasticity so that the ball 910 partially protrudes toward the insertion hole 810 and the ball 910 is exposed in the direction of the insertion hole 810 from the inside of the ball 910. It is composed of a spring 920.
- the ball plunger 900 is formed in a plurality of spaced intervals inside the insertion hole 810 can hold the buffer 34 more stably.
- the correlation according to the installation conditions of the opening door (10) It may be determined in consideration of.
- the opening door 10 is easily prevented from being closed.
- FIG. 6 is a view schematically showing an interior space in which a swing door fixing device according to another embodiment of the present invention is installed
- FIG. 7 is a view showing the swing door fixing device shown in FIG. 6 in detail
- 7 is a view illustrating the first and second cam grooves of the swing door fixing device illustrated in FIG. 7 in detail.
- the swing door fixing device 100a according to another embodiment of the present invention has an interior space in the process of opening the swing door 10a of the handle or the corner of the swing door 10a.
- the swing door fixing device 100a includes first and second holding bars 200a and 300a, an elastic module 400a, and a support part 500a.
- the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a have a structure spaced apart at regular intervals in a vertical direction so that the buffer ball 40a is inserted therebetween. Since the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a are made of a rubber material having a buffering force, the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a are naturally in an idle state to reduce the high frictional force applied therefrom. It may have a structure of idling.
- the elastic module 400a is mounted between the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a.
- the elastic module 400a provides elasticity so that the buffer ball 40a is inserted and fixed between the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a.
- the elastic module 400a may be mounted between the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a such that the gap therebetween is flexibly adjusted while the buffer ball 40a is inserted and fixed. .
- the elastic module 400a may include a reference rod 410a, a first block 420a, a second block 430a, and an elastic part 440a.
- the reference rod 410a is disposed to extend in the vertical direction at both ends of the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a.
- the first block 420a is coupled to the reference rod 410a so as to be movable in an up and down direction while being coupled to both ends of the first holding bar 200a.
- the first block 420a may be coupled to move along the reference rod 410a including a first through hole 422a through which the reference rod 410a passes through a central portion thereof.
- the second block 430a is coupled to the reference rod 410a in a vertical direction while being coupled to both ends of the second holding bar 300a.
- the second block 430a may include a second through hole 432a through which the reference rod 410a passes.
- the elastic portion 440a is coupled between the first and second blocks 420a and 430a.
- the elastic portion 440a provides elasticity between the first and second blocks 420a and 430a.
- the elastic portion 440a is the reference between the first and second holding bar (200a, 300a) in the tension spring (extension spring) structure to provide a force for fixing the buffer ball (40a)
- the rod 410a may be coupled to the first and second blocks 420a and 430a to pass therethrough.
- first and second blocks 420a and 430a are described as being coupled to the reference rod 410a so as to be movable in the vertical direction.
- first and second blocks 420a are different from each other.
- Each of the reference rods 430a may have a structure in which the reference rod 410a itself may be adjusted in length, such as a telescope structure, while being fixedly coupled to the reference rod 410a.
- the support parts 500a may be formed at both ends of each of the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a such that a gap between the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a is adjusted by the elastic module 400a. Combined to support them.
- the support parts 500a may be configured by applying a cam method to reduce elastic resistance provided from the elastic module 400a while the buffer ball 40a enters into or separates from the outside. It may have a structure for supporting the two holding bars (200a, 300a).
- each of the support parts 500a may include a first support plate 510a and a second holding bar inserted into a first cam follower 210a coupled to an end of the first holding bar 200a to provide a path.
- a second cam follower 310a coupled to an end of the 300a may be inserted to include a second support plate 520a having a second cam groove 521a symmetrical with the first cam groove 511a.
- each of the first and second cam grooves 511a and 521a may have the first and second holding bars along the direction in which the buffer ball 40a enters in order to reduce the elastic resistance as shown in FIG. 3.
- the first and second cam followers 210a and 310a such that the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a are opened until the portions 200a and 300a are positioned at the center portion of the buffer ball 40a.
- the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a to hold the first cam path portion 512a for guiding each other and the buffer ball 40a which is continuous with the first cam path portion 512a and passes through the center portion.
- the first cam path portion from the end portion of the second cam path portion 513a and the second cam path portion 513a for guiding each of the first and second cam followers 210a and 310a so that they become narrow.
- the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a are connected to a starting portion of the 512a along the direction in which the buffer ball 40a is pulled out. Going to each other so that the path may comprise a third cam portion (514a) for guiding said first and second cam followers (210a, 310a), respectively.
- the support part 500a is mounted at a position where the third cam path part 514a and the first cam path part 512a meet so that the first or second cam when the buffer ball 40a enters.
- the apparatus may further include a reverse travel prevention part 530a which prevents the followers 210a and 310a from being guided to the third cam path part 514a.
- the swing door fixing device (100a) is the first or second cam follower (210a, 310a) is guided to the third cam path portion 514a when the buffer ball (40a) enters the The stronger elastic resistance can be prevented at the source to give greater inconvenience to the user.
- the support part 500a may further include a fixing part 540a for fixing the second support plate 520a to the first support plate 510a at a predetermined position.
- the fixing portion 540a may simply fix the second support plate 520a by a push button or a screw type.
- the second support plate 510a moves upward and downward in the first support plate 510a to prevent the second support plate 520a from protruding toward the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a.
- An insertion groove 515a into which the 520a is inserted may be formed. Accordingly, a rail structure 516a may be installed inside the insertion groove 515a to move the second support plate 520a in the vertical direction.
- 9 to 13 are views showing step by step the process of fixing the buffer ball to the swing door fixing device.
- the buffer ball 40a is prepared to enter between the first and second holding bars 200 ⁇ and 300 a to insert and fix the buffer ball 40 a.
- the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a are coupled to the first and second cam followers 210a, respectively.
- 310a are guided along the first cam path portion 512a to have a naturally spreading structure.
- the first and second cam followers 210a and 310a may be formed.
- the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a are narrowed and guided by the second cam path part 513a to fix the buffer ball 40a more strongly.
- the first and second cam followers 210a and 310a may be used when the user wants to separate the buffer ball 40a from the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a. ) Are guided by the third cam path portion 514a so that the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a naturally open.
- the first and second cam followers 210a and 310a may be separated from the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a so that the buffer ball 40a is separated from the first and second holding bars 200a and 300a.
- the buffer ball 40a is the first and second holding bar.
- the first and second cam followers 210a and 310a may be blocked from being guided to the third cam path part 514.
- FIG. 14 is a view schematically showing an interior space in which a swing door fixing device according to another embodiment of the present invention is installed
- FIG. 15 is a view showing the swing door fixing device shown in FIG. 14 in detail
- FIG. 15 is a view illustrating the internal structure of the storage plate in the swing door fixing device shown in FIG. 15 in detail
- FIG. 17 is a view showing the structure excluding the rollers, the roller supporting parts, and the elastic part in the storage plate shown in FIG.
- the swing door fixing device 100b according to another embodiment of the present invention has an interior space in the process of opening the swing door 10b of a handle or an edge of the swing door 10b.
- the swing door fixing device 100b includes an accommodating plate 200b, a pair of rollers 300b, a pair of roller supports 400b, and at least one pair of elastic parts 500b.
- the receiving plate 200b has a receiving groove 230b formed by a bottom 210b and a side wall 220b protruding from an edge of the bottom 210b.
- the storage plate 200b has an inlet 212b for allowing the buffer ball 40b to enter and exit the bottom 210b.
- the inlet 212b may have a circular or elliptical structure having a larger diameter than the buffer ball 40b by a predetermined difference as the buffer ball 40b has a circular structure.
- the rollers 300b are elongated in the shape of a round bar or a pipe in the receiving groove 230b. Specifically, the rollers 300b may be disposed to face each other to hold the buffer ball 40b entering and exiting the inlet 212. These rollers 300b may be arranged in parallel with each other, but may be arranged in a structure narrowing in one direction in some cases. These rollers 300b may be made of a metal material having high strength so as not to be damaged in the process of repeatedly entering and exiting the buffer ball 40b.
- the roller support parts 400b are disposed in the receiving groove 230b.
- the roller support parts 400b may be coupled in a structure wrapped around both ends of the rollers 300b such that the rollers 300b are rotatable.
- the roller support 400b is a receiving groove 230b of the receiving plate 200b to stably guide the movement of the roller 300b while the buffer ball 40b enters and exits the inlet 212. It is preferably arranged in a structure that is almost in close contact with the opposing inner sidewall (220b) of).
- the roller support parts 400b are configured to be directly driven in the process of repeatedly entering and exiting the buffer ball 40b, and preferably made of a metal material having excellent strength.
- the elastic part 500b is disposed between each of the roller support parts 400b and the inner sidewall 220b of the receiving groove 230b.
- the elastic part 500b provides elasticity so that the rollers 300b can hold the buffer ball 40b entering and going out.
- the elastic part 500b may be formed of a compression spring. It can be understood that the tension or number of the elastic part 500b made of such a compression spring can be changed as much as the size of the space and the buffer ball 40b.
- the receiving plate 200b is formed inside the receiving groove 230b.
- 300b) may include a stop part 240b for stopping the roller support part 400b to maintain the spaced apart from each other at regular intervals.
- the stop part 240b is preferably formed at the bottom 210b of the receiving groove 230b due to the structure of the roller support part 400b described above.
- the stop part 240b may have a structure protruding from the inside of the roller support part 400b to the bottom 210b as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17.
- the accommodating plate 200b is elastically made of the compression spring by driving the roller support part 400b when the roller support part 400b repeatedly enters and exits the buffer ball 40b on the bottom 210b. It may have a guide groove 250b for naturally guiding the portion 500b.
- the end of the shock absorbing member 50b mounted to the upper portion of the swing door 10b is prevented from being directly hit by the handle 30 or the corner part of the wall 30b.
- the roller 300b by holding the coupled buffer ball 40b through the pair of rollers 300b provided with elasticity by the elastic part 500b while being coupled to each of the roller support parts 400b so as to be rotatable. Through the rotatable structure of the) can be minimized the friction force when the buffer ball (40b) enters and exits. Thus, the user can more easily fix or release the door 10b to the wall 30b through the minimized frictional force.
- the opening door By minimizing the number of parts of the fixing device (100b) it can be expected to improve the assembly.
- cover plate 600b and the fixing plate 700b will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 18 and 19.
- FIG. 18 is a view illustrating in detail the cover plate to cover the storage plate in the swing door fixing device shown in Figure 15, Figure 19 is specifically showing a fixing plate coupled to the cover plate in the swing door fixing device shown in FIG. The figure shown.
- the cover plate 600b is coupled to the accommodation plate 200b to cover the accommodation groove 230b.
- the cover plate 600b may be coupled to the receiving plate 200b through a fastening member (not shown) such as bolts or rivets or may be directly coupled in a hook form.
- a fastening member such as bolts or rivets
- the cover plate 600b may have a communication hole 610b communicating with the inlet 212 to allow the buffer ball 40b to pass through the center portion.
- the fixing plate 700b is fixed to the wall 30b while being coupled to the cover plate 600b in a hook form.
- hook portions 710b having hooks in opposite directions are formed at opposite positions on the fixing plate 700b, and at the positions corresponding to the hook portions 710b at the cover plate 600b.
- Hook grooves 620b to be inserted and coupled may be formed.
- fixing holes 700b may be formed in the fixing plate 700b to stably fix the wall 30b through a fastening member (not shown) such as an anchor piece. Accordingly, the user first fixes the fixing plate 700b to the wall 30b in the same manner as above, and then attaches the cover plate 600b coupled to the receiving plate 200b to the fixing plate 700b.
- the swing door fixing device 100b of the present invention can be mounted on the wall 30b stably and simply.
- a first communication hole 730b may be formed in the fixing plate 700b so as to communicate with the communication hole 610b to identify a position at which the buffer ball 40b strikes the wall 30b.
- the present invention provides a shock absorbing member mounted on the swing door through a holder part installed on a fixing part fixed to the wall to prevent the handle or the corner portion from directly hitting the wall when opening the swing door.
- a shock absorbing member mounted on the swing door through a holder part installed on a fixing part fixed to the wall to prevent the handle or the corner portion from directly hitting the wall when opening the swing door.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Support Devices For Sliding Doors (AREA)
- Hinges (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (17)
- 여닫이문의 손잡이 또는 모서리 부분이 상기 여닫이문을 개방하는 과정에서 벽에 직접 부딪히는 것을 방지하기 위하여 상기 여닫이문에 완충볼이 단부에 결합된 완충 부재를 장착한 상태에서, 상기 완충 부재가 상기 개방하는 과정에서 접촉되도록 상기 벽에 고정된 고정부; 및상기 고정부에 설치되며, 상기 완충 부재가 상기 고정부에 부딪힐 때 상기 완충볼을 탄성을 통해 순간적으로 홀딩하는 홀더부를 포함하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 홀더부는사이에 상기 완충볼이 삽입되는 공간이 형성되도록 이격된 홀딩바들;상기 홀딩바들과 상기 고정부 사이에 설치되며, 상기 공간이 상기 완충볼의 삽입 여부에 따라 조절되도록 상기 홀딩바들의 움직임을 가이드하는 가이드부; 및상기 가이드부에 장착되며, 상기 완충볼이 상기 공간으로 삽입될 때 이를 순간적으로 홀딩하기 위한 탄성을 제공하는 탄성부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 홀딩바들은 그 사이 간격이 바람이 유입되는 방향을 따라서 좁아지게 형성된 것을 특징으로 하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 완충 부재는 상기 완충볼이 상기 바람으로 인하여 상기 홀딩바들의 좁아지는 위치로 가이드되도록 상기 바람이 유입되는 방향을 따라 상기 완충볼의 움직임이 가능하도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 고정부는 상기 홀더부가 내장 설치되도록 하우징 구조를 가지면서 상기 완충볼이 삽입되면서 상기 홀딩바들이 일부 노출된 삽입홀을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 홀더부는상기 고정부에 일체로 구성되며, 상기 완충볼이 삽입되는 삽입홀을 갖는 홀딩블록; 및상기 삽입홀의 안쪽면으로부터 탄성을 통해서 돌출되며, 상기 삽입홀에 삽입된 완충볼을 홀딩하는 적어도 하나의 볼플런저를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
- 여닫이문의 손잡이 또는 모서리 부분이 상기 여닫이문이 개방되는 과정에서 벽에 직접 부딪히는 것을 방지하기 위하여 상기 여닫이문에 완충볼을 단부에 가지면서 장착된 완충 부재를 홀딩하도록 상기 벽에 장착된 여닫이문 고정 장치에 있어서,사이에 상기 완충볼이 삽입되도록 상하 방향으로 일정 간격 이격된 제1 및 제2 홀딩바들;상기 제1 및 제2 홀딩바들 사이에 장착되며, 상기 제1 및 제2 홀딩바들 사이에 상기 완충볼이 삽입되어 고정되도록 탄성을 제공하는 탄성 모듈; 및상기 제1 및 제2 홀딩바들 사이 간격이 상기 탄성 모듈에 의해서 조절되도록 상기 제1 및 제2 홀딩바들의 양단 각각에 결합된 지지부들을 포함하며,각 지지부는상기 제1 홀딩바의 단부에 결합된 제1 캠팔로워가 삽입되어 경로를 제공하는 제1 캠홈을 갖는 제1 지지판; 및상기 제2 홀딩바의 단부에 결합된 제2 캠팔로워가 삽입되어 상기 제1 캠홈과 대칭적인 구조의 제2 캠홈을 갖는 제2 지지판을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 제2 지지판은 상기 제1 지지판에 상하 방향으로 이동이 가능하도록 결합되며,상기 지지부는 상기 제2 지지판을 일정 위치에서 상기 제1 지지판에 고정하는 고정부를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 제1 및 제2 캠홈들 각각은상기 완충볼이 진입하는 방향을 따라 상기 제1 및 제2 홀딩바들이 상기 완충볼의 중심 부분에 위치할 때까지 상기 제1 및 제2 홀딩바들이 벌어지도록 상기 제1 및 제2 캠팔로워들 각각을 가이드하는 제1 캠 경로부; 및상기 제1 캠 경로부와 연속되며, 상기 중심 부분을 지나는 완충볼을 홀딩하도록 상기 제1 및 제2 홀딩바들이 좁아지도록 상기 제1 및 제2 캠팔로워들 각각을 가이드하는 제2 캠 경로부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 제1 및 제2 캠홈들 각각은상기 제2 캠 경로부의 끝나는 부분으로부터 상기 제1 캠 경로부의 시작되는 부분에 연결되며, 상기 완충볼이 외부로 빠지는 방향을 따라 상기 제1 및 제2 홀딩바들이 서로 벌어지도록 상기 제1 및 제2 캠팔로워들 각각을 가이드하는 제3 캠 경로부를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
- 제10항에 있어서, 상기 지지부는 상기 제3 캠 경로부와 상기 제1 캠 경로부가 만나는 위치에 장착되며 상기 완충볼이 진입할 때 상기 제1 또는 제2 캠팔로워가 상기 제3 캠 경로부로 진행되는 것을 방지하는 역진행 방지부를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 탄성 모듈은상기 제1 및 제2 홀딩바들의 양단 각각에서 상하 방향으로 길게 배치된 기준 로드;상기 제1 홀딩바의 양단 각각에 결합된 상태에서 상기 기준 로드에 상하 방향으로 이동 가능하도록 결합되는 제1 블록;상기 제2 홀딩바의 양단 각각에 결합된 상태에서 상기 기준 로드에 상하 방향으로 이동 가능하도록 결합되는 제2 블록; 및상기 제1 및 제2 블록들 사이에 결합되며, 상기 제1 및 제2 블록들 사이에서 탄성을 제공하는 탄성부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
- 제7항에 있어서, 상기 탄성 모듈은상기 제1 홀딩바의 양단 각각에 결합된 제1 블록;상기 제2 홀딩바의 양단 각각에 결합된 제2 블록;상기 제1 및 제2 블록들 사이에 길이 조정이 가능한 구조로 결합된 기준 로드; 및상기 기준 로드에 결합되며, 상기 제1 및 제2 블록들 사이에서 탄성을 제공하는 탄성부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
- 여닫이문의 손잡이 또는 모서리 부분이 상기 여닫이문이 개방되는 과정에서 벽에 직접 부딪히는 것을 방지하기 위하여 상기 여닫이문에 완충볼을 단부에 가지면서 장착된 완충 부재를 홀딩하도록 상기 벽에 장착된 여닫이문 고정 장치에 있어서,바닥과 측벽에 의해 형성된 수납홈을 가지며, 상기 바닥에 상기 완충볼이 출입하는 입구를 갖는 수납 플레이트;상기 수납홈에서 상기 입구에 상기 출입하는 완충볼을 홀딩하도록 서로 마주하도록 배치된 한 쌍의 롤러들;상기 롤러들 각각이 회전 가능하도록 상기 수납홈에서 상기 롤러들 각각의 양단에 감싼 구조로 결합된 롤러 지지부; 및상기 롤러 지지부와 상기 수납홈의 안쪽 측벽 사이에서 상기 롤러 지지부에 탄성을 제공하는 탄성부를 포함하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
- 제14항에 있어서, 상기 수납 플레이트는 상기 수납홈의 내측에서 상기 롤러들이 일정한 간격으로 이격된 상태가 유지되도록 상기 롤러 지지부를 스톱핑하는 스톱부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
- 제14항에 있어서, 상기 수납 플레이트는 상기 바닥에 상기 탄성부를 가이드하는 가이드 홈을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
- 제14항에 있어서,상기 수납홈을 커버하도록 상기 수납 플레이트와 결합되는 커버 플레이트;상기 커버 플레이트와 후크 형태로 결합된 상태에서 상기 벽에 고정되는 고정 플레이트를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 여닫이문 고정 장치.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/502,978 US20170362865A1 (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2015-11-18 | Hinged door fixing apparatus for preventing hinged door from being automatically closed |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2015-0049317 | 2015-04-07 | ||
KR1020150049317A KR101691864B1 (ko) | 2015-04-07 | 2015-04-07 | 여닫이문 자동 닫힘 방지 장치 |
KR1020150155522A KR101584318B1 (ko) | 2015-11-06 | 2015-11-06 | 여닫이문 고정 장치 |
KR10-2015-0155522 | 2015-11-06 | ||
KR10-2015-0161453 | 2015-11-18 | ||
KR1020150161453A KR101610950B1 (ko) | 2015-11-18 | 2015-11-18 | 여닫이문 고정 장치 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2016163619A1 true WO2016163619A1 (ko) | 2016-10-13 |
Family
ID=57072665
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/KR2015/012416 WO2016163619A1 (ko) | 2015-04-07 | 2015-11-18 | 여닫이문 자동 닫힘 방지를 위한 여닫이문 고정 장치 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20170362865A1 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2016163619A1 (ko) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114458115A (zh) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-05-10 | 宁波市五角阻尼股份有限公司 | 一种门吸结构 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11964631B2 (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2024-04-23 | Piolax, Inc. | Damper device |
CN112410941B (zh) * | 2020-11-10 | 2022-08-09 | 衡阳新新纺织机械有限公司 | 一种能有效降低振动幅度的锭子固定装置 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR0135959Y1 (ko) * | 1995-07-28 | 1999-03-30 | 배순훈 | 도어 로킹장치 |
JP3063075U (ja) * | 1999-04-14 | 1999-10-19 | ピン−イェン チェン | ドアストッパ |
JP3101789U (ja) * | 2003-11-19 | 2004-06-17 | 寿和 松浪 | 板バネを利用した戸当たり |
KR200384256Y1 (ko) * | 2005-02-21 | 2005-05-12 | 조운식 | 여닫이문 고정용 금구 |
KR20100000926U (ko) * | 2008-07-18 | 2010-01-27 | 한국단자공업 주식회사 | 박스 |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US406730A (en) * | 1889-07-09 | Lock-hinge | ||
US711812A (en) * | 1902-03-08 | 1902-10-21 | Edward Armstrong | Necktie-holder. |
US839876A (en) * | 1905-10-14 | 1907-01-01 | John S Naery | Door-holder fixture. |
US1348108A (en) * | 1919-10-06 | 1920-07-27 | Harden Harry | Combined door holder and stop |
US2502607A (en) * | 1945-12-13 | 1950-04-04 | Manitowoc Shipbuilding Company | Latch |
US2711944A (en) * | 1949-05-21 | 1955-06-28 | George W Meek | Refrigerator drawer and latch |
US2837361A (en) * | 1956-05-18 | 1958-06-03 | Loeb Morris | Keepers |
US2869952A (en) * | 1957-04-24 | 1959-01-20 | Gen Motors Corp | Door latch |
US3129024A (en) * | 1961-02-27 | 1964-04-14 | Triangle Brass Mfg Company | Door holding device |
GB1546953A (en) * | 1976-05-11 | 1979-05-31 | Dorgard Ltd | Releasable retaining means |
DE3437806C2 (de) * | 1984-10-16 | 1986-10-16 | Dieter 3052 Bad Nenndorf Rasche | Schloß |
US4878265A (en) * | 1988-09-07 | 1989-11-07 | Dorma Door Controls, Inc. | Hold-open mechanism for use with a door closer |
US6324733B1 (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2001-12-04 | Ryan L. Brown | Adjustable, quick release clasp |
US6584642B2 (en) * | 2001-10-05 | 2003-07-01 | Ernest F. Hodson | Multi-function door stop and door restraint |
KR100484832B1 (ko) * | 2002-11-28 | 2005-04-22 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 건조기 도어의 랫치 어셈블리 |
-
2015
- 2015-11-18 WO PCT/KR2015/012416 patent/WO2016163619A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2015-11-18 US US15/502,978 patent/US20170362865A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR0135959Y1 (ko) * | 1995-07-28 | 1999-03-30 | 배순훈 | 도어 로킹장치 |
JP3063075U (ja) * | 1999-04-14 | 1999-10-19 | ピン−イェン チェン | ドアストッパ |
JP3101789U (ja) * | 2003-11-19 | 2004-06-17 | 寿和 松浪 | 板バネを利用した戸当たり |
KR200384256Y1 (ko) * | 2005-02-21 | 2005-05-12 | 조운식 | 여닫이문 고정용 금구 |
KR20100000926U (ko) * | 2008-07-18 | 2010-01-27 | 한국단자공업 주식회사 | 박스 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114458115A (zh) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-05-10 | 宁波市五角阻尼股份有限公司 | 一种门吸结构 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20170362865A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2016163619A1 (ko) | 여닫이문 자동 닫힘 방지를 위한 여닫이문 고정 장치 | |
WO2020105805A1 (ko) | 멀티 링크 힌지 장치 | |
WO2011111921A1 (ko) | 자동개폐 기능이 구비된 호차 | |
WO2011016660A2 (ko) | 자동 폐쇄 장치가 설치된 하부 장착형 슬라이딩 장치 | |
WO2012023721A1 (en) | Refrigerator | |
CN210370444U (zh) | 门栏 | |
WO2014073817A1 (ko) | 가구힌지의 가구도어 위치 조절장치 | |
WO2015030546A1 (ko) | 냉장고 | |
US20040016080A1 (en) | Movable door mounting assembly with trolley locking structure | |
WO2016036036A1 (ko) | 화장용 브러시 케이스 | |
WO2013154332A1 (ko) | 도어용 경첩장치 | |
WO2016064182A1 (en) | Refrigerator | |
KR101548488B1 (ko) | 포켓슬라이딩도어 자동닫힘장치 | |
WO2015012486A1 (ko) | 태엽에 의해 손잡이 수납이 용이한 대차 | |
WO2017191948A1 (ko) | 냉장고 | |
WO2018159878A1 (ko) | 슬라이딩 장치 | |
WO2020060272A1 (ko) | 외부침입 및 추락 사고 예방용 창문 잠금장치 | |
KR20210030619A (ko) | 유리의 파손을 방지하기 위한 조립식 중문 | |
WO2019182412A1 (ko) | 창호 개폐장치 | |
WO2020032667A1 (ko) | 미닫이용 완충장치 | |
WO2011084022A2 (ko) | 자동닫힘장치를 구비한 창문 | |
WO2015008980A1 (ko) | 누름 개폐형 슬라이딩 장치 | |
WO2017171227A1 (ko) | 미닫이용 도어의 슬라이딩 장치 | |
WO2024014796A1 (ko) | 여닫이문의 충격소음 방지장치 | |
KR101584318B1 (ko) | 여닫이문 고정 장치 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15888604 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15502978 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
32PN | Ep: public notification in the ep bulletin as address of the adressee cannot be established |
Free format text: NOTING OF LOSS OF RIGHTS PURSUANT TO RULE 112(1) EPC (EPO FORM 1205 DATED 20/02/2018) |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 15888604 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |