WO2016159084A1 - 切換え弁 - Google Patents
切換え弁 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016159084A1 WO2016159084A1 PCT/JP2016/060397 JP2016060397W WO2016159084A1 WO 2016159084 A1 WO2016159084 A1 WO 2016159084A1 JP 2016060397 W JP2016060397 W JP 2016060397W WO 2016159084 A1 WO2016159084 A1 WO 2016159084A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- valve body
- valve
- raw water
- filtration
- switching valve
- Prior art date
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 211
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 and the type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/48—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/60—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
- B01D29/66—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
- F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
- F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
- F16K11/078—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with pivoted and linearly movable closure members
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/44—Mechanical actuating means
- F16K31/52—Mechanical actuating means with crank, eccentric, or cam
- F16K31/528—Mechanical actuating means with crank, eccentric, or cam with pin and slot
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a switching valve, and more particularly, to a switching valve used for constructing a pressure type filtration apparatus having a plurality of filtration chambers.
- a pressure filtration device As a filtration device for purifying raw water by filtration, a pressure filtration device (sealed filtration device) is known. In order to maintain the performance of the pressure filtration device, it is necessary to periodically carry out water washing for cleaning the filter medium and stabilizing the filter medium particles.
- One of the methods for cleaning the filter medium is backflow cleaning (hereinafter referred to as backwashing).
- Patent Document 1 a system (for example, refer to Patent Document 1) has been developed in which a plurality of pressure filtration devices are combined so that each pressure filtration device can be backwashed with filtered water obtained from other pressure filtration devices. .
- the object of the present invention is to provide a simpler pressure-type filtration device that can wash each filtration chamber with a plurality of filtration chambers by using it (the number of required valve devices). It is to provide a switching valve that can be constructed in a lesser form.
- a switching valve for a pressure filtration apparatus having a plurality of filtration chambers comprises a cylindrical side wall part, a lid part covering the upper end of the side wall part, and the side wall part. And N bottom raw water outlets to be individually connected to the raw water inlets of the respective filtration chambers N times with respect to the center of the side wall portion. It is provided so as to be symmetrical, and a cleaning drainage port for discharging cleaning drainage is provided at the bottom, and filtration is performed at a portion above each raw water outlet of the lid or the side wall.
- a valve box provided with one or a plurality of raw water inlets for introducing raw water to be introduced into the valve box, and a columnar valve body accommodated in the valve box so as to be vertically movable and rotatable. And a position control means for controlling the vertical position and orientation of the valve body in the valve box.
- the valve box in the switching valve according to the present invention has a shape capable of lowering the valve body to a first position where an upper surface position of the valve body is lower than lower ends of the N raw water outlets. In the valve body, when the upper surface position of the valve body is the second position, N pieces of openings opened on the side surfaces of the valve body so as to be opposed to the N raw water outlets of the valve box.
- a flow path is provided, and a part of the N number of flow paths is a flow path for cleaning drainage that communicates a side surface and a lower surface of the valve body, and the cleaning drainage in the N number of flow paths.
- Each flow path that is not a flow path is a raw water flow path that communicates a side surface and an upper surface of the valve body, and the position control means is configured so that the upper surface position of the valve body is the first position.
- the function of controlling the vertical position of the valve body in the valve box, the upper surface position of the valve body is the second position, and the washing drainage As the opening faces the desired raw water outlet of the valve body at the side surface of the valve body of the flow channel, and a function of controlling the vertical position and orientation within the valve casing of the valve body.
- the switching valve of the present invention can take the following states.
- N ⁇ 3 filtration chambers from the raw water inlet of each filtration chamber (the upper surface of the valve body is (In the first position)
- m a natural number smaller than N / 2; usually 1
- the raw water introduction port and the washing drain port of one filtration chamber communicate with each other, and the raw water supplied into the switching valve is used as the remaining N -Supplying to m filtration chambers from the raw water inlet of each filtration chamber (the upper surface position of the valve body is the second position, and the opening on the valve body side surface of the washing drainage channel is the desired original of the valve box)
- the state facing the water outlet A state in which raw water supplied from one or more raw water inlets into the switching valve is supplied to N ( ⁇ 3) filtration chambers from the raw water inlet of each filtration chamber (the upper surface of the valve body is (In the first position)
- m is a natural number smaller than N / 2; usually 1
- a pressure-type filtration device equipped with N filtration chambers and capable of backwashing m filtration chambers with filtered water from other Nm filtration chambers. It can be constructed (manufactured) without using a large number of valve devices.
- a position control means a vertical drive that moves the valve body up and down so that the upper surface position of the valve body moves within the range from the first position to the second position.
- a motion converting means for converting the vertical motion of the valve body into a rotational motion around the central axis of the valve body, and rotating the valve body by “360 / N” degrees by one reciprocating motion of the valve body;
- the valve body is lifted by the up-and-down driving means, and when the upper surface position thereof becomes the second position, N flow paths opened to the side surface of the valve body are the N You may make it accommodate in the said valve box so that the individual raw
- a motion conversion means a cylindrical member that is fixed to one of the valve body and the valve box and that has a cam groove on its side surface, and moves within the cam groove of the cylindrical member
- means including a cam follower fixed to the other of the valve body and the valve box may be employed.
- the vertical drive means means for causing the valve body to move up and down by air pressure, hydraulic pressure, or a motor (for example, by moving a piston that moves up and down together with the valve body up and down in the cylinder by air pressure or hydraulic pressure
- Means for moving the valve body up and down, and means for moving the valve body up and down by moving the shaft up and down together with the valve body by a motor may be employed.
- a pressure type filtration device having a plurality of filtration chambers can be constructed (manufactured) more simply than before (the number of valve devices required is smaller than before). can do.
- FIG. 1 is a top view of a pressure filtration device manufactured using a switching valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a front view of the pressure filtration device.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the internal structure of the pressure filtration device.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the switching valve taken along a plane passing through the center of the switching valve.
- FIG. 5A is a plan view of a valve body in the switching valve.
- FIG. 5B is a side view of the valve body.
- FIG. 6 is a development view of a shaft portion that is a component of the switching valve.
- FIG. 10A is an explanatory diagram of paths of raw water and the like during the filtration step of the pressure filtration device.
- FIG. 10B is an explanatory diagram of paths of raw water and the like during the backwashing process of the pressure filtration device.
- FIG. 10C is an explanatory diagram of paths of raw water and the like during a water removal process of the pressure filtration device.
- FIG. 11A is a plan view of a valve body for a switching valve that can backwash two filtration chambers simultaneously during the backwashing process.
- FIG. 11B is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of the valve body shown in FIG. 11A.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a pressure filtration device that can be manufactured using a switching valve.
- FIG. 13 is a top view of the pressure filtration apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows a top view of a pressure filtration device 1 manufactured using a switching valve 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Moreover, in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, the front view of the pressure type filtration apparatus 1 and the explanatory drawing of the internal structure of the pressure type filtration apparatus 1 are shown, respectively.
- the pressure-type filtration device 1 is a pressure-type filtration device that applies the principle of a self-backflow cleaning type filtration basin. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the pressure filtration device 1 includes a filtration device body 10, a raw water pipe 20, filtered water pipes 22 a to 22 c, a drainage pipe 23, and the like.
- the raw water pipe 20 (FIG. 3) is a pipe for supplying water to be purified by the filtration device body 10 (hereinafter, referred to as raw water) to the filtration device body 10.
- the filtration device body 10 filters the raw water supplied via the raw water pipe 20, and the raw water filtration result (hereinafter referred to as filtered water) is used as a filtered water outlet 22d (Fig. It is a device that flows out from 2).
- a raw water chamber 11, six filtration chambers 12, and a water purification chamber 13 are provided in the filtration apparatus main body 10.
- a switching valve 30 according to the present embodiment is attached to the central portion of the upper surface of the filtration device main body 10.
- the switching valve 30 is a six-way valve developed for the pressure filtration device 1 (the filtration device body 10). As shown in FIG. 3, the switching valve 30 includes a switching valve main body 30 a housed in the outer shell 10 a of the filtration device main body 10 and a drive unit 30 b protruding from the outer shell 10 a.
- the switching valve main body 30a is a unit (valve device) in which a columnar valve body 40 moves up and down and rotates in a bottomed and covered cylindrical valve box.
- a columnar valve body 40 moves up and down and rotates in a bottomed and covered cylindrical valve box.
- six raw water inlets 32a are provided at equiangular intervals at the upper part of the side surface of the valve box of the switching valve main body 30a.
- six raw water outlets 32b are provided at equiangular intervals at portions below the raw water inlets 32a on the side of the valve box of the switching valve main body 30a.
- the lower surface of the switching valve main body 30a is provided with an opening 32c that functions as an outlet for cleaning wastewater (details will be described later).
- a drain pipe 24 extending to the outside of the outer shell 10a is connected.
- the switching valve 30 (the switching valve main body 30a and the drive unit 30b), the configuration of the pressure filtration device 1 other than the switching valve 30 will be described.
- the raw water chamber 11 (FIG. 3) is a portion (container) to which raw water is supplied by the raw water pipe 20.
- the shape of the raw water chamber 11 (the shape of the partition wall in which the switching valve main body 30a is inserted, which is a component of the raw water chamber 11) is such that the outlet of the raw water supplied by the raw water pipe 20 is the switching valve main body. It is determined to be a raw water inlet 32a of 30a. Furthermore, the outlet of the raw water supplied from the raw water inlet 32a to the switching valve main body 30a is determined to be only the six raw water outlets 32b of the switching valve main body 30a.
- Each filtration chamber 12 has a filter medium 12a on a water collecting plate 15 (a partition plate that supports a filter medium 12a, collects filtered water, and disperses backwash water). This is the unit that was placed.
- the water collecting plate 15 functions as a filtrate outlet.
- anthracite, manganese sand and filter gravel are shown as filter medium 12a.
- Filter medium 12a is for removing impurities contained in raw water, and the type, particle diameter, and uniformity coefficient of filter medium 12a. Etc. are determined by the components and concentrations to be removed.
- each filtration chamber 12 has a shape in which the main part of the internal space of the filtration device main body 10 (outer shell 10 a) is radially divided into six equal parts from the center of the filtration device main body 10. .
- the switching valve 30 is attached to the filtration apparatus main body 10 so that raw water can be supplied from only one raw water outlet 32 b corresponding to each filtration chamber 12.
- the water purification chamber 13 (FIG. 3) is a space below the water collecting plate 15 inside the six filtration chambers 12 in the filtration apparatus main body 10. As shown in the figure, one end of a filtered water pipe 22b extending to the lower surface of the switching valve main body 30a is inserted into the water purification chamber 13 with the drain pipe 24 accommodated therein. One end of a filtered water pipe 22c extending almost horizontally to the outside of the outer shell 10a of the filtering device body 10 is connected to a portion of the filtered water pipe 22b above the upper surface of the filter medium 12a.
- a filtered water pipe 22a is connected to the other end of the filtered water pipe 22c, and the filtered water supplied from each filtration chamber 12 to the purified water chamber 13 during the raw water filtration process by the pressure filtration device 1 is filtered water pipe 22b. , 22c and 22a in this order, and flows out from the filtrate outlet 22d.
- the filter medium 12a is placed in each filter chamber 12. This is to ensure that there is an amount of water to cover.
- a filtrate water valve 27 for turning ON / OFF the outflow of filtrate from the filtrate outlet 22d is provided in the vicinity of the filtrate outlet 22d of the filtrate pipe 22a.
- the filtered water pipe 22 a is connected to the drain pipe 24 by a drain pipe 23 at a portion upstream of the filtered water valve 27.
- a drain valve 28 that is opened when the filtrate flowing through the filtrate pipe 22a flows out of the drain pipe 24 is provided.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the switching valve 30 cut along a plane passing through the center of the switching valve 30.
- FIG. However, in this cross-sectional view, hatching is omitted.
- 5A and 5B are a plan view and a side view of the valve body 40, respectively.
- FIG. 6 is a development view of the shaft portion 60 that is a component of the switching valve 30.
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a positional relationship that can be taken by the valve body 40 of the switching valve 30 and the raw water outlet 32b
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the switching valve 30 taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of the switching valve 30.
- the switching valve 30 is divided into a switching valve main body 30 a and a drive unit 30 b by an isolation plate 38.
- the switching valve main body 30a includes an isolation plate 38, a casing 31, a valve body 40, and the like.
- the housing 31 is a member that functions as a valve box of the switching valve main body 30a by being fixed to the isolation plate 38.
- the valve body 40 is a member having the shape shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B. That is, the valve body 40 is a substantially cylindrical member. Further, in the inside of the valve body 40, five raw water flow paths 41a communicating between the upper surface and the side surface of the valve body 40, and a flow for washing drainage communicating between the lower surface and the side surface of the valve body 40 are provided. A path 41b is provided.
- the opening on the side surface and the opening on the upper surface side of the valve body 40 of the raw water channel 41a are referred to as the side surface opening and the upper surface side opening of the raw water channel 41a, respectively.
- the opening on the side surface and the opening on the lower surface side of the valve body 40 of the cleaning / drainage channel 41b are referred to as the side surface opening and the lower surface side opening of the cleaning / drainage channel 41b, respectively. .
- Each raw water channel 41a provided in the valve body 40 is a channel having a diameter (inner diameter) substantially equal to that of the raw water inlet 32a. Further, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the five raw water flow paths 41a have the same shape.
- the washing drainage channel 41b provided in the valve body 40 is a channel having a larger channel cross-sectional area than the raw water channel 41a (in this embodiment, a circular channel having an inner diameter of approximately 2.5 times). ).
- the six channels in the valve body 40 (the five raw water channels 41a and the washing drain channel 41b) have an equiangular interval (that is, an interval of 60 °) between the centers of adjacent two side surface side openings. It is formed to become.
- the side surface of the valve body 40 is provided with an O-ring groove (with a groove shape) that covers each side-side opening, and the valve body 40 has an O-ring attached to each O-ring groove. It is accommodated in the housing 31 in a state.
- a stem 45 for rotating and vertically moving the valve body 40 within the housing 31 is attached to the center of the valve body 40.
- the stem 45 extends through the opening (bearing portion) of the isolation plate 38 into the drive unit 30b, and the opening of the isolation plate 38 moves the stem 45 up and down while maintaining airtightness and watertightness. And can be rotated.
- the drive unit 30b of the switching valve 30 is a unit for vertically moving and rotating the valve body 40 in the switching valve main body 30a (housing 31). As shown in FIG. 4, the drive unit 30 b includes a housing 50, a piston 53, and a shaft unit 60.
- the housing 50 includes a cylindrical cylinder portion 52, a top cover 51 that closes the upper end of the cylinder portion 52, and the like.
- the top cover 51 is provided with a compressed air introduction port 51a into which compressed air is introduced when the piston 53 is moved downward.
- the isolation plate 38 that forms the lower surface of the drive unit 30b is provided with a compressed air introduction port 38a into which compressed air is introduced when the piston 53 is moved upward.
- the piston 53 is obtained by sealing the lower end of a cylindrical member 53b having an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder portion 52 with a disk-shaped member 53a.
- O-ring grooves are provided around the upper side and the lower side of the member 53b of the piston 53, and the piston 53 has a housing 50 (cylinder portion) in a state where the O-ring is fitted in each O-ring groove. 52).
- a plurality (six in this embodiment) of cam followers 54 are attached at equal angular intervals.
- the shaft portion 60 is a cylindrical member fixed to the housing 50 (top cover 51).
- a cam groove 61 having a shape as shown in FIG. 6 is formed on the outer surface of the shaft portion 60.
- the cam groove 61 on the outer surface of the shaft portion 60 is configured such that when the cam follower 54 located at the lower end of the cam groove 61 rises and reaches the upper end of the cam groove 61 along the cam groove 61, It has a shape in which the relative angle with respect to the portion 60 changes by 30 ° in a certain direction. Further, when the cam follower 54 positioned at the upper end of the cam groove 61 descends along the cam groove 61 and reaches the lower end of the cam groove 61, the cam groove 61 has the same relative angle with respect to the shaft portion 60. Have a shape that changes by 30 °.
- the switching valve 30 is determined so that the size of each part (the vertical length of the cam groove 61, the mounting angle of the valve body 40 with respect to the stem 45, etc.) satisfies the following conditions. (1) When the cam follower 54 is positioned at the lower end of the cam groove 61, the upper surface of the valve body 40 is positioned lower than the lower ends of the raw water outlets 32b provided in the housing 31 (see FIG. 4). ). (2) When the cam follower 54 is positioned at the upper end of the cam groove 61, the state shown in FIG. 7 to FIG. 9, that is, the side opening portions of the flow paths 41a and 41b in the valve body 40 are switched. It will be in the state which counters each raw
- the control device is a device (a kind of computer) that controls the filtered water valve 27, the drain valve 28, and the switching valve 30 of the pressure filtration device 1.
- the normal position refers to the position (see FIG. 4) of the valve body 40 in the casing 31 when the cam follower 54 is positioned at the lower end of the cam groove 61.
- the backwash position is a position (see FIG. 9) of the valve body 40 in the housing 31 when the cam follower 54 is located at the upper end of the cam groove 61.
- the backwashing position for a certain filtration chamber 12 is the side surface of the washing drainage channel 41b among the six kinds of backwashing positions in which the orientation of the valve body 40 (rotation angle in the housing 31) is different. This is the backwash position where the side opening faces the filtration chamber 12.
- the filtering state is controlled by the control device.
- the upper surface of the valve body 40 located at the normal position is lower than the lower ends of the raw water outlets 32b of the casing 31 (FIG. 4). Moreover, the shape of each raw
- the state for filtration is the state where the filtered water valve 27 is open and the wastewater valve 28 is closed, as schematically shown in FIG. 10A, the water is supplied from each filtration chamber 12 to the water purification chamber 13.
- the filtered water flows out from the filtered water outlet 22d through the filtered water pipe 22 (filtered water pipes 22b, 22c and 22a).
- a predetermined backwash start condition for example, “the raw water was filtered for a specified time (for example, 24 to 48 hours)” or “the filtration resistance increased and reached the set value”
- the control device performs a backwash process with the following content.
- the control device first forms a “backwashing state in which the filtered water valve 27 is closed, the drainage valve 28 is closed, and the valve body 40 is located at a backwashing position for a certain filtration chamber 12”.
- a first control process is performed.
- the control performed on the switching valve 30 is usually a control for rotating the valve body 40 in the normal position by 30 ° and raising it to the backwash position (ie, at the lower end).
- the piston 53 is lifted to the upper end).
- the control performed on the switching valve 30 during the first control process is a control that positions the valve body 40 in the backwash position, even if the rotation angle of the valve body 40 is not 30 °. good.
- the side opening portions of the flow paths 41a and 41b in the valve body 40 are It faces each raw water outlet 32b of the casing 31 (see FIG. 9).
- the raw water channel 41a and the cleaning drainage channel 41b communicate with each other between the side surface and the upper surface of the valve body 40 and between the side surface and the lower surface of the valve body 40, respectively.
- 41a has substantially the same shape.
- the raw water flowing from the raw water chamber 11 into the switching valve main body 30a is the five raw water flow paths 41a of the valve body 40. And is evenly distributed to the five filtration chambers 12 excluding the filtration chamber 12 to be cleaned.
- the raw water inlet 32b for supplying the raw water to the backwashing target filtration chamber 12 (raw water outlet 32b ) Is communicated with the drain pipe 24 by the cleaning drain passage 41b in the valve body 40. That is, since the raw water inlet is open (no raw water is introduced from the raw water inlet), the backwash target filtration chamber 12 is in a state where water can flow from the bottom to the top. And when both the filtered water valve 27 and the wastewater valve 28 are closed, the filtered water in the water purification chamber 13 cannot flow out to the filtered water pipe 22b side.
- the backwashing target filtration chamber 12 is filtered by the filtered water from the five filtration chambers 12 excluding the backwashing target filtration chamber 12 as schematically shown in FIG. 10B. Is washed back and the washing wastewater from the backwashing target filtration chamber 12 flows out through the washing drainage channel 41 b (see FIG. 9) and the drainage pipe 24.
- the control device that has completed the first control process described above waits for the backwashing time (for example, 6 to 7 minutes) preset as the backwashing time to elapse.
- the backwashing time for example, 6 to 7 minutes
- the control device controls the switching valve 30 (drive unit 30b) to lower the piston 53 positioned at the upper end to the lower end and then raise the piston 53 to the upper end.
- this control hereinafter referred to as backwash destination change control
- the valve body 40 is located at the backwash position for the filtration chamber 12 adjacent to the filtration chamber 12 after the backwash is completed. Wait for the backwash time to elapse.
- the control device When the backwash time has elapsed, the control device again waits for the backwash time to elapse after performing the backwash destination change control.
- the control device repeats the above control until the backwashing of all the filtration chambers 12 is completed. Then, when the backwashing of all the filtration chambers 12 is completed, the control device controls the switching valve 30 (drive unit 30b) to lower the piston 53 located at the upper end to the lower end and opens it.
- the drain valve 28 is controlled so as to control.
- the control device that has formed the above-described state (hereinafter referred to as a state for water discharge) by controlling the switching valve 30 and the water discharge valve 28 waits for a preset time (for example, 10 minutes) to elapse. To do. Then, the control device controls the filtered water valve 27 and the drain valve 28 so that the filtered water valve 27 is opened and the drain valve 28 is closed when the time has elapsed. That is, the control device performs control for returning the pressure filtration device 1 to a state in which the raw water is filtered (a state in which filtered water from the six filtration chambers flows out from the filtered water outlet 22d). And the control apparatus which finished the said control will be in the state which is monitoring that the backwashing start conditions are satisfy
- a preset time for example, 10 minutes
- the switching valve 30 according to the present embodiment As described above, if the switching valve 30 according to the present embodiment is used, the pressure filtration device 1 that can backwash each filtration chamber 12 with the filtrate from the other filtration chamber 12 can be manufactured. And when manufacturing the apparatus which has the same function as the pressure type filtration apparatus 1 without using the switching valve 30, one three-way valve or two two-way valves are provided on the raw water inlet side of each filtration chamber. Must-have. Therefore, if the switching valve 30 according to the present embodiment is used, the pressure type filtration device having N ( ⁇ 3) filtration chambers can be more easily (the number of required valve devices is smaller). Can be manufactured.
- the pressure filtration device 1 described above includes a switching valve 30, six filtration chambers 12 arranged in a circle, and a raw water chamber 11 arranged in the center of the filtration chamber 12. And in the pressure type filtration apparatus 1, raw
- the pressure-type filtration apparatus 1 functions as a filtered water path which introduces filtered water from the filtration chambers 12 other than the backwashing target filtration chamber 12 into the filtered water outlet (water collecting plate 15) of the backwashing target filtration chamber 12.
- a water purification chamber 13 is provided.
- the water purification chamber 13 is provided at the center of the six filtration chambers 12 (below the six filtration chambers 12; see FIG. 3). Therefore, in the pressure type filtration apparatus 1, the total amount of water filtered in the filtration chambers other than the backwashing target filtration chamber 12 during the backwashing process is supplied to the backwashing target filtration chamber 12.
- the filtration device main body 10 of the pressure filtration device 1 has a raw water chamber 11, a plurality of filtration chambers 12 and the like arranged in a single shell 10 without any gaps. Therefore, the pressure-type filtration apparatus 1 is an apparatus that requires a smaller area than the pressure-type filtration apparatus that employs another configuration to equalize the raw water / filtered water to each filtration chamber.
- the switching valve 30 described above can be variously modified.
- the drive unit 30b of the switching valve 30 may be transformed into a unit in which the piston 53 moves up and down by hydraulic pressure, or a unit in which the piston 53 (stem 45) moves up and down by a motor.
- the drive unit 30b is transformed into a unit that includes a vertical movement mechanism for moving the valve body 40 up and down and a rotation mechanism for rotating the valve body 40 that functions independently of the vertical movement mechanism. Also good.
- the shape, number, and position of the raw water inlet 32a of the switching valve 30 may be any as long as the raw water can be supplied into the switching valve main body 30a from above the raw water outlet 32b. Therefore, for example, by changing the shape of the drive unit 30b, one relatively large raw water inlet 32a may be provided on the upper surface or side surface of the switching valve main body 30a.
- the number of raw water outlets 32b of the switching valve 30 may be three or more.
- the backwash flow rate of the switching valve 30 provided with the N raw water outlets 32b is the filtration rate during the backwashing process of each filtration chamber serving as the supply source of the backwashing filtered water (hereinafter referred to as the backwashing process). N-1 times the speed). Therefore, the number of raw water outlets 32b is determined based on the backwash flow rate required for backwashing of the filtration chamber and the backwashing process speed of each filtration chamber.
- the switching valve 30 may be transformed into a device that can backwash the two filtration chambers 12 at the same time during the backwashing process.
- a modification is achieved by, for example, arranging the valve body 40 into the valve body 40 ′ having the shape shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, that is, the four raw water flow paths 41a and the two washing drainage streams. It can implement
- the diameter of the raw water outlet 32b is approximately 2.5 times the diameter of the raw water inlet 32a, and the washing drainage flow path 41b of the valve body 40 in the switching valve 30 is provided.
- the internal diameter is approximately 2.5 times the internal diameter of the raw water channel 41a.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the pressure filtration device 2
- FIG. 13 is a top view of the pressure filtration device 2.
- the pressure filtration device 2 includes six filtration chambers 70, raw water chambers 71, raw water pipes 80 for supplying raw water into the raw water chamber 71, and the like.
- Each filtration chamber 70 of the pressure type filtration apparatus 2 is a filtration chamber (filter) having the same configuration in which a filter medium (anthracite, manganese sand, and filtration gravel in FIG. 12) is arranged on a water collecting plate 70c. As shown in FIG. 13, the six filtration chambers 70 of the pressure filtration device 2 are arranged in a circular shape centering on a portion composed of the raw water chamber 71, the switching valve 30 (switching valve main body 30 a), and the like. Yes.
- the switching valve body 30a penetrates the raw water chamber 71 through the upper and lower surfaces thereof, and the raw water in the raw water chamber 71 enters the switching valve body 30a from each raw water inlet 32a.
- a switching valve 30 is attached in an inflowing manner.
- Each raw water outlet 32b of the switching valve main body 30a of the switching valve 30 is connected to a raw water inlet 70a of a specific filtration chamber 70 by piping, and is vertically below the opening 32c of the switching valve main body 30a.
- a drain pipe 83 that extends and penetrates the water purification chamber 73 is attached.
- the filtrate outlet 70 b of each filtration chamber 70 is connected to the water purification chamber 73.
- One end of a filtered water pipe 81 a extending to the lower surface of the drainage chamber 72 is inserted into the water purification chamber 73 so as to accommodate the drainage pipe 83 therein.
- the other end of the filtered water pipe 81b, one end of which functions as the filtered water port 81d, is connected to the portion of the filtered water pipe 81a above the upper surface of the filter medium in each filtration chamber 70.
- a filtered water valve 76 is provided in the vicinity of the filtered water port 81d of the filtered water pipe 81b, and a part upstream of the filtered water valve 76 of the filtered water pipe 81b and the drain pipe 83 are provided with a drain valve 77.
- the waste water pipe 82 communicates.
- the pressure-type filtration device has six filtration chambers and is configured as a device in which one filtration chamber is back-washed during the backwashing process.
- the flow rate required for backwashing (hereinafter referred to as backwashing flow rate) is 1000 m / day, and the filtration rate during the backwashing step (hereinafter referred to as filtration rate during the backwashing step) is 200 m. This is because it is assumed to be / day. That is, when the backwashing flow rate and the filtration rate during the backwashing process are the above values, the flow rate (filtered water amount) necessary for backwashing of one filtration chamber can be secured with filtrated water from the five filtration chambers.
- the pressure-type filtration device has six filtration chambers and is configured as a device in which one filtration chamber is backwashed during the backwashing process.
- the number may not be six, and the number of filtration chambers backwashed during the backwashing process may not be one.
- Compressed air inlet 38 ... Isolation plate 40 . Valve element 41a ... Raw water channel 41b ... For washing drainage Flow path 45 ... Stem 52 ; Cylinder part 53 ... Piston 54 ... Cam follower 60 ; Shaft part 61 ... Cam groove 70a ... Raw water inlet 70b ... Filute water outlet 70c ... Water collecting plate
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
(1) 1個又は複数の原水流入口から切換え弁内に供給される原水を、N(≧3)個のろ過室に、各ろ過室の原水導入口から供給する状態(弁体の上面が第1位置に位置している状態)
(2) m(mは、N/2よりも小さな自然数;通常、1)個のろ過室の原水導入口と洗浄排水口とを連通し、切換え弁内に供給される原水を、残りのN-m個のろ過室に、各ろ過室の原水導入口から供給する状態(弁体の上面位置が第2位置となり、洗浄排水用流路の弁体側面における開口部が弁箱の所望の原水流出口と対向している状態)
(1)カムフォロア54がカム溝61の下端に位置しているときに、弁体40の上面が、筐体31に設けられている各原水流出口32bの下端より低い位置となる(図4参照)。
(2)カムフォロア54がカム溝61の上端に位置しているときに、図7~図9に示した状態、すなわち、弁体40内の各流路41a、41bの側面側開口部が、切換え弁本体部30aの各原水流出口32bと対向する状態となる。
上記した切換え弁30は、各種の変形を行うことが出来るものである。例えば、切換え弁30の駆動部30bを、油圧によりピストン53が上下動するユニットや、モーターによってピストン53(ステム45)が上下動されるユニットに変形しても良い。また、駆動部30bを、弁体40を上下動させるための上下動機構と当該上下動機構とは独立して機能する弁体40を回転させるための回転機構とを備えたユニットに変形しても良い。
10・・・外郭
11,71・・・原水室
12a・・・ろ材
12,70・・・ろ過室
13,73・・・浄水室
15・・・集水板(ろ過水流出口)
18・・・メンテナンス口
20,80・・・原水管
22a~22c,81a,81b・・・ろ過水管
22d・・・ろ過水出口
23,82・・・捨水管
24,83・・・排水管
27,76・・・ろ過水弁
28,77・・・捨水弁
30・・・切換え弁
30a・・・本体部
30b・・・駆動部
31,50・・・筐体
32c・・・開口部
32a・・・原水流入口
32b・・・原水流出口
38a,51a・・・圧縮空気導入口
38・・・隔離プレート
40・・・弁体
41a・・・原水用流路
41b・・・洗浄排水用流路
45・・・ステム
52・・・シリンダ部
53・・・ピストン
54・・・カムフォロア
60・・・シャフト部
61・・・カム溝
70a・・・原水導入口
70b・・・ろ過水流出口
70c・・・集水板
Claims (5)
- 複数個のろ過室を備えた圧力式ろ過装置のための切換え弁において、
円筒状の側壁部と前記側壁部の上端を覆う蓋部と前記側壁部の下端を覆う底部とを有する弁箱であって、前記側壁部に、各ろ過室の原水導入口と個別に接続されるべきN個の原水流出口が前記側壁部の中心に対してN回対称となるように設けられており、前記底部に、洗浄排水を排出するための洗浄排水口が設けられており、前記蓋部又は前記側壁部の各原水流出口よりも上方の部分に、ろ過すべき原水を弁箱内に導入するための1個又は複数の原水流入口が設けられている弁箱と、
前記弁箱内に、上下運動及び回転可能に収容された円柱状の弁体と、
前記弁体の弁箱内での上下位置及び向きを制御する位置制御手段と、
を備え、
前記弁箱は、前記弁体の上面位置が、前記N個の原水流出口の下端よりも低い第1位置まで前記弁体を下降させることが可能な形状を有し、
前記弁体内には、前記弁体の上面位置が第2位置である場合に前記弁箱の前記N個の原水流出口と対向し得るように前記弁体の側面に開口したN個の流路が、設けられており、
前記N個の流路の一部は、前記弁体の側面と下面とを連通する洗浄排水用流路であり、
前記N個の流路中の、洗浄排水用流路ではない各流路は、前記弁体の側面と上面とを連通する原水用流路であり、
前記位置制御手段は、前記弁体の上面位置が前記第1位置となるように、前記弁体の弁箱内での上下位置を制御する機能と、前記弁体の上面位置が前記第2位置となり、且つ、前記洗浄排水用流路の前記弁体の側面における開口部が前記弁箱の所望の原水流出口と対向するように、前記弁体の弁箱内での上下位置及び向きを制御する機能とを有する
ことを特徴とする切換え弁。 - 前記位置制御手段は、
前記弁体の上面位置が前記第1位置から前記第2位置までの範囲内を移動するように、前記弁体を上下運動させる上下駆動手段と、
前記弁体の上下運動を弁体の中心軸回りの回転運動に変換し、前記弁体の一回の往復運動で“360/N”度だけ前記弁体を回転させる運動変換手段と、
を含み、
前記弁体は、前記上下駆動手段により上昇されてその上面位置が前記第2位置となった場合に前記弁体の側面に開口したN個の流路が前記N個の原水流出口と対向するように前記弁箱内に収容されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の切換え弁。 - 前記運動変換手段は、前記弁体及び前記弁箱のいずれか一方に対して固定された、その側面にカム溝が設けられている円筒状部材と、前記円筒状部材のカム溝内を移動するように、前記弁体及び前記弁箱のいずれか他方に対して固定されたカムフォロアとを含む
ことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の切換え弁。 - 前記上下駆動手段は、空気圧、油圧、又はモーターにより、前記弁体に上下運動させる
ことを特徴とする請求項2又は3に記載の切換え弁。 - 前記洗浄排水用流路が、前記原水用流路よりも断面積が大きな流路である
ことを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の切換え弁。
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AU2016240717A AU2016240717B2 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2016-03-30 | Switching valve |
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Citations (2)
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JPS56129809U (ja) * | 1980-03-04 | 1981-10-02 | ||
WO2012165490A1 (ja) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-12-06 | ベーシック株式会社 | 濾過装置 |
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DE4113766A1 (de) * | 1991-04-26 | 1992-10-29 | Metalife Italiana S N C Di Fed | Selbstreinigender filter insbesondere zum filtern von fluessigkeiten |
JP2012097591A (ja) * | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-24 | Tanigaki Shokai Co Ltd | 舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置 |
CN102644770B (zh) * | 2012-04-26 | 2014-07-02 | 余姚市亚东塑业有限公司 | 一种多功能控制阀 |
CN203899249U (zh) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-10-29 | 北京美斯顿科技开发有限公司 | 一种带有复合滤芯的自动反冲洗过滤器 |
CN204211515U (zh) * | 2014-11-06 | 2015-03-18 | 佛山市顺德区美的饮水机制造有限公司 | 高压蓄能反冲洗过滤设备 |
-
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JPS56129809U (ja) * | 1980-03-04 | 1981-10-02 | ||
WO2012165490A1 (ja) * | 2011-05-30 | 2012-12-06 | ベーシック株式会社 | 濾過装置 |
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AU2016240717B2 (en) | 2020-03-05 |
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PH12017501793A1 (en) | 2018-04-11 |
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