WO2016152640A1

WO2016152640A1 - Wind turbine generator

Info

Publication number: WO2016152640A1
Application number: PCT/JP2016/058093
Authority: WO
Inventors: 鈴木　政彦
Original assignee: 株式会社ベルシオン
Priority date: 2015-03-20
Filing date: 2016-03-15
Publication date: 2016-09-29
Also published as: TW201641814A; JP2016176414A; JP6978825B2

Abstract

　Provided is a wind turbine generator, wherein the rated rotational speed of a wind turbine is maintained by an electric motor, and fluctuations in torque caused by lift of the lift-type blade due to rotation are made uniform by regulating fluctuations in the amount of current withdrawn, enabling a stable voltage to be achieved. This wind turbine generator comprises a main shaft (4), a motor (7) which rotates this, and a controller (9) that detects fluctuations in load of the motor (7) and automatically adjusts the amount of electric current withdrawn, wherein the main shaft (4) is rotated at a rated engine speed by the motor (7), thereby maintaining a rated voltage, and fluctuations in torque generated in the main shaft (4) due to the lift generated in the lift-type blade (6) of the wind turbine are made uniform by automatically adjusting the amount of current withdrawn, enabling a stable voltage to be output.

Description

Wind power generator

The present invention maintains the rated rotational speed of the wind power generator with the rotational force of the electric motor connected to the main shaft of the wind turbine, and stabilizes the increase / decrease change of the torque of the main shaft caused by the wind force received by the rotor by automatically adjusting the extraction current amount. The present invention relates to a wind turbine generator that maintains a rated rotational speed and obtains a stable voltage output.

In a wind power generator, voltage and current fluctuate due to changes in wind speed, and it is difficult to stably supply power.
In addition, the wind power generator generally has a large mechanical loss, is difficult to rotate at a low wind speed, and has a low rotation efficiency. There are also problems such as wind noise and low frequencies. A wind turbine that does not generate noise is proposed in Patent Document 1.

JP 2004-204801 A

The windmill described in Patent Literature 1 has excellent rotational efficiency and generates little noise. To rotate at high speed, a strong wind is required, but the strong wind does not blow continuously. However, the higher the wind speed, the larger the rotation speed of the windmill, and the difference between the amount of power generation at low wind speeds opens and the fluctuations in voltage and current increase, so it is difficult to obtain stable power continuously. there were.
The present invention maintains the rated voltage in a wind power generator by rotating the main shaft at a rated rotational speed by an electric motor, and changes in the torque of the main shaft caused by the lift of the lift-type rotor blades as the rotor of the wind turbine rotates. Is provided by automatically adjusting the take-out current amount to provide a stable voltage.

The specific contents of the present invention are as follows.

(1) It has a main shaft of a wind power generator, an electric motor that rotates the main shaft, and a controller that automatically adjusts the amount of extraction current by detecting increase / decrease in the load of the electric motor, and by rotating the main shaft at the rated rotational speed by the electric motor, A wind turbine generator that maintains a rated voltage and automatically adjusts the amount of current taken out to increase and decrease changes in torque generated on the main shaft by the lift generated by the lift type blades of the windmill, thereby obtaining a stable voltage output.

(2) The automatic adjustment of the extraction current amount decreases the extraction current amount when the load on the motor increases, and increases the extraction current amount when the load on the motor decreases (1 ) Wind power generator.

(3) The wind power generator sets the power generation amount at the start average wind speed and the power consumption of the motor approximately the same, and automatically activates the motor when the start average wind speed is detected by the anemometer. The wind turbine generator according to (1) or (2), wherein the motor is automatically started and power is generated, and the motor is automatically stopped when a wind speed equal to or lower than the startup average wind speed is detected.

(4) In any one of (1) to (3), the vertical main shaft of the wind power generator is supported so that the vertical axis rotor rotates horizontally, and the main shaft is rotated by an electric motor. Wind power generator.

(5) The wind turbine generator according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the main shaft is installed between a generator disposed in a wind turbine casing of a horizontal axis wind turbine and a horizontal axis rotor. .

(6) The wind turbine generator according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the electric motor is switched automatically by a remote operation switch.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

In the wind turbine generator described in (1), the rated rotational speed of the generator is maintained by the electric motor regardless of the slow speed of the wind, and a constant voltage can be taken out at all times.
Therefore, if the high-speed wind continues, the lift generated by the rotation of the lift-type blades will increase, and the rotational speed and power generation amount of the windmill will increase, so the load on the motor will decrease if the amount of electric power taken is constant. To do.
Further, if the lift of the lift-type blade is reduced due to a low wind speed, the rotational speed of the windmill is reduced. Therefore, unless the power generation amount is reduced, the load on the electric motor increases.
Therefore, if the increase / decrease in the load on the motor is detected and the amount of power taken out is reduced by the controller, the load on the motor will decrease, so when a change in the rotation speed of the spindle occurs, the load on the motor is automatically adjusted, By maintaining the rated speed of the main shaft constant, a stable voltage can be obtained with less power consumption of a small electric motor.
For example, when a flywheel is rotated by an electric motor, energy loss occurs due to rotational resistance. And build up energy.

The wind turbine generator described in (2) reduces the amount of current taken out when the load on the motor increases, and increases the amount of current taken out when the load decreases so as to keep the load on the motor constant. Further, by automatically adjusting, the rotational speed of the main shaft of the generator is maintained at the rated rotational speed, and a stable voltage output can be obtained even if the current increases or decreases.

In the wind power generator described in (3) above, since the power generation amount of the wind power generator at the time of starting average wind speed and the power consumption amount of the motor are set substantially the same, the starting average wind speed is detected by the anemometer. When the engine starts, the automatic controller automatically starts the motor to generate power, and when the average wind speed falls below the starting average wind speed, the motor is automatically stopped by the automatic controller so that the motor operates effectively. Can be made.

In the wind power generator described in (4) above, the rated rotational speed of the main shaft of the wind power generator rotated by the vertical wind turbine is maintained by the electric motor. Therefore, the vertical wind turbine is efficient in changing the wind direction. It can rotate well and increase power generation efficiency.

In the wind power generator described in (5) above, the rated rotational speed of the main shaft of the wind power generator rotated by the horizontal axis wind turbine is maintained by the electric motor. Therefore, the horizontal axis wind turbine rotates efficiently even at a low wind speed. , Power generation efficiency can be increased.

Since the wind turbine generator described in (6) can switch the automatic input of the motor by remote control, it can easily start and stop even if the motor is in a position where it is difficult to reach. it can.

It is a front view of Example 1 of the wind power generator of the present invention. It is a principal part vertical side view of Example 2 of the wind power generator of this invention. FIG. 3 is an enlarged plan view across the line III-III of the lift-type blade in FIG. 2.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, the wind power generator 1 includes a generator 2 and a windmill 3. The hub 5A of the vertical rotor 5 is fixed to the upper end of the vertical main shaft 4 erected on the generator 2, and the vertical lift type blades 6 () are attached to the tips of a plurality of horizontal support arms 5B supported by the hub 5A. (Hereinafter simply referred to as a blade).

The lower end portion of the main shaft 4 is linked to the electric motor 7 via arbitrary transmission means 8A and 8B. That is, the transmission means 8B provided on the output shaft 7C of the speed reducer 7A provided on the electric motor 7 and the transmission means 8A provided on the main shaft 4 are linked via an appropriate linkage means 8C. For the linkage means 8C, an automatic control clutch is also used as necessary. The electric motor 7 has, for example, a rated output of 100 w specification, and a reduction gear 7A having a rated rotational speed of, for example, 300 rpm is incorporated therein.

When electric power is supplied from the outside via the cord 7D and the automatic switch 7B is remotely operated to start the electric motor 7, the unloaded windmill 3 is easily rotated at a high speed by the electric motor 7 having a large torque. 2 generates the amount of power generated by this rotation.

A controller 9 and a storage battery 10 are connected to the output cord 2A of the generator 2. The wind power generator 1 described above is installed in a place with good wind conditions, and the main shaft 4 of the generator 2 that supports the wind turbine 3 is rotated at the rated rotational speed by driving by the electric motor 7.

Since the rotation speed of a general electric motor is 2500 rpm to 3000 rpm, if this is reduced to, for example, 300 rpm and the windmill 3 is rotated, the torque acts greatly, so even if the windmill 3 is large, it can be easily Can be rotated.

As the wind speed changes, if the high-speed wind blows, the lift of the lift-type blade 6 increases, the main shaft 4 rotates with wind power, and the amount of power generation increases. Therefore, the load on the motor 7 is less than 100w. It becomes.
Therefore, the amount of current to be taken out is increased by the action of the controller 9, the load of the electric motor 7 is maintained at 100w, and the battery 10 is charged or consumed.

If the wind speed decreases, the power generation amount decreases, and if the rated rotational speed of the main shaft 4 rotated by the windmill 3 is maintained at, for example, 300 rpm, the power generation amount of the generator 2 increases and the load on the motor 7 increases. To do.

In that case, the amount of current taken from the generator 2 is automatically reduced by the action of the controller 9, the rated speed is maintained at, for example, 300 rpm, and output is performed while maintaining a constant voltage.

In order to illustrate how much the wind speed is required for the main shaft 4 to rotate at the rated speed of 300 rpm by the rotation of the windmill 3, for example, the size of the vertical rotor 5 is 1 m in radius and the lift type blade 6 This corresponds to the value when the wind speed is about 16 m / s, with a length of 2.7 m, wind receiving area of 5.4 m, blade width of 0.5 m, and two blades.

The amount of power generated by the generator 2 by the wind turbine 3 rotating at this wind speed is about 6000W. That is, it is possible to generate about 6000 W by the generator 2 by driving the electric motor 7 while consuming 100 W of electric power and rotating the wind power generator 1.

In a general wind power generator, since the wind speed is constantly changing, it is impossible to make the rotation speed constant, and fluctuations in voltage and current always occur.
Therefore, it is difficult to output a constant voltage in the conventional small wind power generator.

However, in the wind turbine generator 1 according to the present invention, the main shaft 4 of the windmill 3 is rotated by the electric motor 7 so that the rated rotational speed is always maintained. Therefore, the increase / decrease change in the torque of the main shaft 4 caused by the rotation of the vertical axis rotor 5 also occurs. By adjusting the increase / decrease in the amount of current to be taken out, the voltage can be made constant and taken out.

When the wind turbine 3 is rotated by wind power, energy loss occurs when the rotational speed of the wind turbine 3 is accelerated. However, the wind turbine 3 is always rotated by the electric motor 7 so as not to cause load fluctuation on the electric motor 7 side. Since the output can be obtained from the state where the rotational speed is accelerated by adjusting the current extraction amount on the output side by the controller 9, no energy loss occurs when the wind turbine 3 is accelerated.

If the span of the lift type blade 6 is made longer than the rotation diameter, the rotational speed of the vertical axis rotor 5 gradually increases, and the air outside the rotating lift type blade 6 moves by centrifugal force, Since the inner air is attracted in the outer direction, a negative pressure is generated on the inner side of the rotation trajectory of the lift type blade 6.

As a result, air is drawn from the outside from the vertical direction of the vertical rotor 5 toward the hub 5A where the negative pressure is generated, and the airflow sucked in the centrifugal direction by the rotating lift-type blade 6 is lift-type blade. 6 flows outward along the rear edge of the blade 6, and the lift-type blade 6 rotates with a lift (propulsive force) generated in the rotational direction.

The wind power generation apparatus 1 is not simply configured to generate power, but by driving the electric motor 7 using external power generated by another method and rotating the wind power generation apparatus 1 to generate power, In addition to storing the surplus of the power generated in step 1 with a reduced loss, new power generation can be continuously performed by the rotational force generated by the lift generated in the lift-type blade 6.

The lift type blade 6 in the wind turbine 3 can be fixed to one main shaft 4 in a multilayer shape (for example, as described in JP-A-2005-188468).
Further, by making the blade tip portion of the lift-type blade 6 into the inclined portion 6A inclined in the direction of the main shaft 4, it is possible to prevent the airflow from diffusing outward from the blade tip and to improve the rotation efficiency.

Furthermore, as a countermeasure against typhoons, an automatic wind speed detector 21 is placed next to the generator 2 and when a certain high speed wind is detected by a typhoon or the like, the automatic controller 22 turns off the automatic switch 7B of the motor 7. The electric motor 7 is stopped by operating, and the main shaft 4 is stopped by applying a large load to the generator 2.

When the automatic wind speed detector 21 detects a wind speed below a certain (average) speed, the load on the generator 2 is automatically released and the automatic switch 7B of the motor 7 is automatically switched by the automatic controller 22. The rotation of the windmill 3 is restored.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a main part of a wind power generator according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The same parts as those of the previous example are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.
In the second embodiment, a horizontal axis wind turbine 13 is used. A windmill housing 11B is mounted on the upper end of the support 11A so as to be able to turn around a vertical axis 11D.

The windmill casing 11B has a large front part and is gradually formed narrower toward the rear end, and a horizontal axis windmill 13 is attached to the rear part.
A hub 15A of the horizontal shaft rotor 15 is fixed to the rear end of the main shaft 14 that protrudes rearward horizontally from the generator 12 disposed in the front portion inside the windmill housing 11B.

The hub 15A has 2 to 5 lift-type blades 16 mounted in the radial direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the cross section of the lift type blade 16 is formed such that the leading edge 16A is thick and gradually thins from the maximum blade thickness portion 16C to the trailing edge 16B.

The front surface 16D of the lift type blade 16 is substantially straight from the leading edge 16A to the trailing edge 16B, but the back surface 16E is gently curved from the maximum blade thickness 16C to the trailing edge 16B. When rotating, the velocity of the airflow flowing along the back surface 16E becomes faster than the velocity of the airflow flowing along the front surface 16D, and the back surface 16E portion has a negative pressure.

Therefore, when the horizontal axis rotor 15 is idly rotated by the electric motor 17 at high speed, an air flow is generated from the front surface 16D direction of the lift-type blade 16 toward the trailing edge 16B and flows in the direction indicated by the arrow X in FIG. The reaction promotes rotation of the horizontal shaft rotor 15 in the direction of the leading edge 16A. Further, an airflow that is pushed from the direction of the trailing edge 16B is generated on the back surface 16E that forms a curved surface, and the rotation is promoted along with the rotation.

When the lift type blade 16 is rotated by the wind force, in addition to the rotation by the wind force, a rotational force is added by the lift force generated by the rotating lift type blade 16 itself, and the horizontal axis rotor 15 rotates faster than the wind speed. , Power generation will increase.

An electric motor 17 having a speed reducer is disposed inside the rear portion of the windmill casing 11B, and the rotational force of the output shaft 17C of the electric motor 17 is transmitted to the main shaft 14 via the transmission means 18A and 18B.
A controller 19 and a storage battery 20 are housed inside the front portion of the windmill casing 11B, and a cord 12A extending from the generator 12 is connected to the storage battery 20.

The cord 20A connected to the storage battery 20 is guided downward through the inside of the column 11A and connected to a storage battery (not shown). The motor 17 is provided with an automatic switch 17B for remote operation in a cord 17A connected to a power source. At the beginning of the start, the switch 17 is turned on by slip ring or wireless remote operation to start the motor 17. . As shown in the figure, a lightning rod 11C is provided on the upper surface of the windmill housing 11B.

In the second embodiment, the motor 17 causes the main shaft 14 of the wind turbine 13 to rotate at a rated speed, thereby generating lift in the lift-type blade 16 and increasing the rotational speed. When the lift type blade 16 receives wind and rotates, the rotational speed is accelerated by the lift.
The operation of the controller 19 that automatically adjusts the extraction current amount in order to maintain the rated rotational speed is the same as in the previous example.

The motor can rotate the windmill at the rated speed and take out a stable voltage, so that the windmill can be driven not only by wind power generation but also by surplus power obtained by other power generation methods to rotate the windmill. Power generation and storage of surplus power can be performed with reduced loss.

1. Wind power generator 2. Generator 2A. Output code 3. Windmill4. Spindle 5. Vertical axis rotor 5A. Hub 5B. Support arm 5C. Intermuscular 6. Lift type blade 6A. 6. Wing tip Electric motor 7A. Transmission 7B. Automatic switch 7C. Output shaft 7D. Code 8A. 8B. Transmission means 8C. Linking means 9. controller
Ten. Storage battery
11． Wind power generator
11A. Prop
11B. Windmill housing
11C. lightning rod
11D. Vertical axis
12． Generator
12A. code
13. Horizontal axis windmill
14. Spindle
15． Horizontal axis rotor
15A. Hub
16． Lift type blade
16A. Leading edge
16B. Trailing edge
16C. Maximum blade thickness
16D. Front
16E. back
17． Electric motor
17A. code
17B. Automatic switch
17C. Output shaft
18A, 18B. Transmission means
19. controller
20． Storage battery
20A. code
twenty one. Automatic wind speed detector
twenty two. Automatic controller

Claims

By having a spindle of the wind power generator, an electric motor that rotates the spindle, and a controller that automatically detects the increase / decrease in the load of the electric motor and automatically adjusts the amount of extraction current, by rotating the spindle at the rated speed with the electric motor, The rated voltage is maintained, and the increase and decrease of the torque generated in the main shaft is made constant by automatically adjusting the extraction current amount by the lift generated in the lift type blade of the windmill, and a stable voltage output is obtained. Wind power generator.
The automatic adjustment of the amount of extraction current decreases the amount of extraction current when the load on the motor increases, and increases the amount of extraction current when the load on the motor decreases. Wind power generator.
The wind power generator sets the power generation amount at the start average wind speed and the power consumption of the motor to be substantially the same, and automatically starts the motor when the start average wind speed is detected by the anemometer. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the motor is automatically stopped when a wind speed equal to or lower than the startup average wind speed is detected.
The vertical axis rotor is supported by the wind power generator so as to rotate horizontally, and the main axis is rotated by an electric motor. Wind power generator.
The wind power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the main shaft is horizontally mounted between a generator disposed in a wind turbine casing of a horizontal axis wind turbine and a horizontal axis rotor. apparatus.
The wind turbine generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electric motor is automatically switched by a remote operation switch.