WO2016150212A1 - 一种预装退锚环的敲打式锚索退锚装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种预装退锚环的敲打式锚索退锚装置及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016150212A1
WO2016150212A1 PCT/CN2015/098035 CN2015098035W WO2016150212A1 WO 2016150212 A1 WO2016150212 A1 WO 2016150212A1 CN 2015098035 W CN2015098035 W CN 2015098035W WO 2016150212 A1 WO2016150212 A1 WO 2016150212A1
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Prior art keywords
anchor
anchoring
unhooking
rings
anchor cable
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张农
潘东江
徐骁勇
张天池
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China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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Publication of WO2016150212A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016150212A1/zh
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection

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  • the invention patent is a tapping anchor cable anchoring device and method for preloading an anchor ring, and is particularly suitable for the anchoring operation of the roadway.
  • the anchoring force of the anchor cable on the side roof of the goaf of the two lanes is not relieved, which may cause a large area of the ceiling of the working face to overhang, which will aggravate the local stress concentration at the end and cause the gas accumulation at the end.
  • the anchoring method is mainly used to pull the anchor.
  • the deformation of the surrounding rock is controlled by the high preload force, which greatly reduces the length of the anchor cable; and the later roadway is affected by the large deformation of the mining, especially the superficially loosely broken roadway.
  • a considerable number of anchors were trapped inside the surrounding rock. It greatly increases the difficulty of tensioning and retracting the anchor, resulting in poor anchoring effect, low efficiency, frequent peeling of the anchor cable, and at the same time, the hardening of the anchoring process occurs, and there is a risk of roofing. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a new type of anchoring device and method to solve the above problems.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the current use of the anchoring device, and to provide a cable anchoring device and method for pre-assembling the anchoring ring, and achieving high-efficiency and safe anchoring through the paired combined anchoring ring .
  • the tapping anchor cable anchoring device of the pre-assembled anchor ring of the present invention comprises a lock and a tray which are put on the exposed section of the anchor cable, and the lock and the tray are provided with a pair of combined anchors
  • the ring has the same structure, and the outer edge is provided with a plurality of lugs, and the opposite ends are processed with a plurality of grooves that can be fitted to each other.
  • the height of the anchor ring is 30-40 mm; the number of the lugs on the outer edge of the anchor ring is 2-5, which are evenly arranged; the grooves of the opposite ends can be 2 to 5, and the groove is The depth is 8 to 20 mm.
  • the inner diameter of the anchor ring is 5-10 mm larger than the diameter of the anchor cable, and the outer diameter is 5-30 mm larger than the diameter of the lock.
  • the tapping anchor cable anchoring method using the pre-installed anchor ring of the above device comprises the following steps:
  • the anchor cable is tightened by the anchor anchor, and the axial compensation space provided by the misalignment of the anchor ring is used to facilitate the anchoring of the anchor to lift the lock jacket, thereby facilitating the removal of the lock and the retreat.
  • the anchor ring and the tray complete the anchoring operation.
  • the present invention Since the above technical solution is adopted, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
  • the anchor ring has a larger diameter than the lock, which reduces the stress concentration of the lock on the tray and improves the stress environment of the tray;
  • the structure of the invention is simple and elegant, convenient to operate, effectively reduces the labor intensity, reduces the risk factor of the anchoring operation, and is easy to popularize.
  • Figure 1 (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the anchor cable before the anchoring of the present invention
  • Figure 1 (b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the anchor cable after the anchoring of the present invention
  • FIG. 2(a) is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of the anchor ring of the present invention before being retracted;
  • FIG. 2(b) is a schematic perspective view showing the anchoring ring of the present invention after being anchored.
  • the tapping anchor cable anchoring device of the pre-assembled anchor ring of the invention is mainly composed of an anchoring ring 1, a lock 3 and a tray 4 which are sleeved on the exposed section of the anchor cable 2, and the anchor cable 2 extends into the top plate, the tray 4 against the top of the board.
  • the anchoring rings 1 are combined in pairs, and the pair of combined anchoring rings 1 are disposed between the lock 3 and the tray 4.
  • the pair of combined anchoring rings 1 have the same structure, and a plurality of lugs are arranged on the outer edge. A plurality of grooves that can be fitted to each other are machined at opposite ends.
  • the height of the anchoring ring is 30 to 40 mm; the number of the lugs on the outer edge of the anchoring ring 1 is 2 to 5, which are evenly arranged; the grooves of the opposite ends can be 2 to 5, and the groove depth is 8 to 12 mm.
  • the inner diameter of the anchor ring 1 is 5-10 mm larger than the diameter of the anchor cable 2, and the outer diameter is 10-30 mm larger than the diameter of the lock 3.
  • the method for the anchoring method of the tapping anchor cable of the pre-assembled anchor ring of the invention is as follows:
  • the lugs of the outer edge of the pair of anchoring rings 1 are aligned, and are installed between the lock 3 and the tray 4.
  • the other processes are the same as the installation process of the anchor cable 2;
  • the anchor cable 2 is tightened by the anchor anchor, and the axial compensation space provided by the misalignment of the anchor ring 1 is convenient for the anchor of the anchor to be removed, so that the lock can be easily removed.
  • the lock 3, the anchor ring 1 and the tray 4 complete the anchoring operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)

Abstract

一种预装退锚环的敲打式锚索退锚装置及方法，装置包括穿套在锚索（2）外露段上的锁具（3）和托盘（4），锁具（3）和托盘（4）之间设有成对组合的退锚环（1），成对组合的退锚环（1）结构相同，外缘上设有多个凸耳，相对一端均加工有可相互嵌合在一起的多个凹槽。安装锚索（2）时，将成对的退锚环（1）外缘凸耳对齐，安装在锁具（3）与托盘（4）之间；退锚前，通过敲击其中一个退锚环（1）的凸耳，使成对的两退锚环（1）之间错动嵌合，实现两退锚环（1）的凹凸联接，以此提供锁具（3）轴向运动的轴向补偿空间，使得锚索（2）松弛，从而达到高效安全退锚的目的。

Description

一种预装退锚环的敲打式锚索退锚装置及方法 技术领域
本发明专利为一种预装退锚环的敲打式锚索退锚装置及方法，尤其适用于巷道的退锚作业。
背景技术
随着采煤工作面向前推进，两巷采空区侧顶板的锚索锚固力没有解除，易引起工作面端头较大面积悬顶，加剧端头局部应力集中，同时造成端头瓦斯积聚，为顶板管理与瓦斯治理带来安全隐患。因此，为及时放顶，减小控顶面积，同时解决端头瓦斯问题，采煤作业过程中经常进行退锚作业。
目前主要采用张拉锚索方式退锚。但初期施工锚索时，通过高预紧力控制围岩变形，极大减小了锚索可伸长长度；而后期巷道受采动影响大变形时，特别是浅表较松散破碎的巷道，相当一批锚具陷入围岩内部。极大增加张拉退锚难度，造成退锚效果差，效率低，锚索脱皮频发，同时退锚过程生拉硬拽，存在冒顶风险。因此亟需提出一种新型退锚装置和方法，解决上述难题。
发明内容
技术问题：本发明的目的是克服目前使用退锚器作业的不足，提供一种预装退锚环的锚索退锚装置及方法，通过成对组合的退锚环，从而达到高效安全退锚。
技术方案：本发明的预装退锚环的敲打式锚索退锚装置，包括穿套在锚索外露段上的锁具和托盘，所述的锁具和托盘之间设有成对组合的退锚环，所述成对组合的退锚环结构相同，外缘上设有多个凸耳，相对一端均加工有可相互嵌合在一起的多个凹槽。
所述的退锚环高度为30～40mm；退锚环外缘上的凸耳为2～5个，均匀排布；相对一端可相互嵌合在一起的凹槽为2～5个，凹槽深度为8～20mm。
所述的退锚环内径比锚索直径大5～10mm，外径比锁具直径大5～30mm。
使用上述装置的预装退锚环的敲打式锚索退锚方法，包括如下步骤：
a、施工锚索时，将成对退锚环外缘的凸耳对齐，安装在锁具与托盘之间，其它工序与锚索安装工序相同；
b、退锚作业前，敲击成对退锚环其中的一个退锚环外缘凸耳，使成对的两个退锚环错位嵌合，呈凹凸联结状，使得锚索松弛；
c、退锚作业时，利用退锚卡紧器套紧锚索，通过退锚环错位嵌合提供的轴向补偿空间，方便退锚卡紧器顶起锁具外套，从而方便取下锁具、退锚环及托盘，完成退锚作业。
有益效果：由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点：
1、敲击退锚环外部凸起，使退锚环错动嵌合，为退锚器顶起锁具外套提供一个轴向补偿空间，使退锚器容易作业，显著提高了退锚效果和效率；
2、退锚过程中，所有部件基本不受破坏，可实现锁具等部件的重复使用，有效节省了成本；
3、退锚环较锁具直径大，减小锁具对托盘的应力集中，改善托盘的受力环境；
4、本发明结构简单精巧，方便操作，有效地降低了劳动强度，降低了退锚作业的危险系数，易于推广。
附图说明
图1(a)是本发明退锚前的锚索剖面结构示意图；
图1(b)是本发明退锚后的锚索剖面结构示意图；
图2(a)是本发明退锚环退锚前的立体结构示意图；
图2(b)是本发明退锚环退锚后的立体结构示意图。
图中：1－退锚环；2－锚索；3－锁具；4－托盘。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的一个实施例作进一步的描述：
本发明的预装退锚环的敲打式锚索退锚装置，主要由穿套在锚索2外露段上的退锚环1、锁具3和托盘4构成，锚索2伸入顶板内，托盘4顶靠在顶板上。所述的退锚环1成对组合，成对组合的退锚环1设在锁具3和托盘4之间，成对组合的退锚环1结构相同，外缘上设有多个凸耳，相对一端均加工有可相互嵌合在一起的多个凹槽。退锚环高度为30～40mm；退锚环1外缘上的凸耳为2～5个，均匀排布；相对一端可相互嵌合在一起的凹槽为2～5个，凹槽深度为8～12mm。所述的退锚环1内径比锚索2直径大5～10mm，外径比锁具3直径大10～30mm。
本发明的预装退锚环的敲打式锚索退锚方法，步骤如下：
a、施工锚索2时，将成对退锚环1外缘的凸耳对齐，安装在锁具3与托盘4之间，其它工序与锚索2安装工序相同；
b、退锚作业前，敲击成对退锚环其中的一个退锚环1外缘凸耳，使成对的两个退锚环1错位嵌合，呈凹凸联结状，使得锚索2松弛；
c、退锚作业时，利用退锚卡紧器套紧锚索2，通过退锚环1错位嵌合提供的轴向补偿空间，方便退锚卡紧器顶起锁具3外套，从而方便取下锁具3、退锚环1及托盘4，完成退锚作业。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种预装退锚环的敲打式锚索退锚装置，包括穿套在锚索(2)外露段上的锁具(3)和托盘(4)，其特征在于：所述的锁具(3)和托盘(4)之间设有成对组合的退锚环(1)，所述成对组合的退锚环(1)结构相同，外缘上设有多个凸耳，相对一端均加工有可相互嵌合在一起的多个凹槽。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种预装退锚环的敲打式锚索退锚装置，其特征在于：所述的退锚环(1)高度为30～40mm；退锚环(1)外缘上的凸耳为2～5个，均匀排布；相对一端可相互嵌合在一起的凹槽为2～5个，凹槽深度为8～20mm。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种预装退锚环的敲打式锚索退锚装置，其特征在于：所述的退锚环(1)内径比锚索(2)直径大5～10mm，外径比锁具(3)直径大5～30mm。
  4. 使用权利要求1所述装置的预装退锚环的敲打式锚索退锚方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
    a、施工锚索(2)时，将成对退锚环(1)外缘的凸耳对齐，安装在锁具(3)与托盘(4)之间，其它工序与锚索(2)安装工序相同；
    b、退锚作业前，敲击成对退锚环其中的一个退锚环(1)外缘凸耳，使成对的两个退锚环(1)错位嵌合，呈凹凸联结状，使得锚索(2)松弛；
    c、退锚作业时，利用退锚卡紧器套紧锚索(2)，通过退锚环(1)错位嵌合提供的轴向补偿空间，方便退锚卡紧器顶起锁具(3)外套，从而方便取下锁具(3)、退锚环(1)及托盘(4)，完成退锚作业。
PCT/CN2015/098035 2015-03-25 2015-12-21 一种预装退锚环的敲打式锚索退锚装置及方法 Ceased WO2016150212A1 (zh)

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CN107120129A (zh) * 2017-05-25 2017-09-01 中国矿业大学 一种带刺头加强锚固锚索及其使用方法
CN107120130A (zh) * 2017-05-25 2017-09-01 中国矿业大学 一种锚索锚具防滑自锁装置及其使用方法
CN112031842A (zh) * 2020-08-28 2020-12-04 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 一种一体化快速安装与退锚锚具
CN112031843A (zh) * 2020-08-28 2020-12-04 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 一种双筒安装与退锚一体化锚具
CN114562307A (zh) * 2021-10-18 2022-05-31 辽宁工程技术大学 一种恒阻锚索退锚装置及设计方法
CN114673538A (zh) * 2022-04-21 2022-06-28 天地科技股份有限公司 锚索退锚装置及锚索退锚的方法
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CN107120129A (zh) * 2017-05-25 2017-09-01 中国矿业大学 一种带刺头加强锚固锚索及其使用方法
CN107120130A (zh) * 2017-05-25 2017-09-01 中国矿业大学 一种锚索锚具防滑自锁装置及其使用方法
CN112031842A (zh) * 2020-08-28 2020-12-04 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 一种一体化快速安装与退锚锚具
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CN114562307A (zh) * 2021-10-18 2022-05-31 辽宁工程技术大学 一种恒阻锚索退锚装置及设计方法
CN114770657A (zh) * 2022-04-11 2022-07-22 大连大学 应用于煤矿回采锚网支护巷道的预装衬垫切割装置
CN114770657B (zh) * 2022-04-11 2024-01-23 大连大学 应用于煤矿回采锚网支护巷道的预装衬垫切割装置
CN114673538A (zh) * 2022-04-21 2022-06-28 天地科技股份有限公司 锚索退锚装置及锚索退锚的方法
CN116335741A (zh) * 2023-03-31 2023-06-27 安徽理工大学 一种预防锚索断丝的锚索端头外置加固装置
CN117072218A (zh) * 2023-09-25 2023-11-17 江苏理工学院 一种锚索退锚装置及其退锚方法

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