WO2016150202A1 - 一种声波滤波结构和一种侧出声扬声器模组 - Google Patents

一种声波滤波结构和一种侧出声扬声器模组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016150202A1
WO2016150202A1 PCT/CN2015/097311 CN2015097311W WO2016150202A1 WO 2016150202 A1 WO2016150202 A1 WO 2016150202A1 CN 2015097311 W CN2015097311 W CN 2015097311W WO 2016150202 A1 WO2016150202 A1 WO 2016150202A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chamber
sound
wall
speaker
cavity
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/097311
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙立国
葛连山
Original Assignee
歌尔声学股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 歌尔声学股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔声学股份有限公司
Priority to US15/560,877 priority Critical patent/US10511903B2/en
Priority to EP15886124.5A priority patent/EP3270606B1/en
Publication of WO2016150202A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016150202A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2853—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using an acoustic labyrinth or a transmission line
    • H04R1/2857—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using an acoustic labyrinth or a transmission line for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
    • H04R1/345—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means for loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/03—Constructional features of telephone transmitters or receivers, e.g. telephone hand-sets
    • H04M1/035—Improving the acoustic characteristics by means of constructional features of the housing, e.g. ribs, walls, resonating chambers or cavities

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the design and manufacture of a speaker structure, and more particularly to an acoustic wave filtering structure and a speaker module in a speaker.
  • Mobile electronic devices have become an indispensable daily necessities in modern life. With the development of mobile electronic devices, people have gradually put forward higher requirements on the appearance and hand-held comfort of mobile phones, tablet computers and other devices. Taking a smart phone as an example, in order to make the thickness of the mobile phone thinner and more beautiful, those skilled in the art try to adjust the speaker structure from the original positive sound type to the side sound type to reduce the speaker structure occupying in the thickness direction. Space.
  • the direction of sound transmission is parallel to the vibration direction of the diaphragm
  • the direction of the side sound chamber is perpendicular to the direction of vibration of the diaphragm, forcing the sound to vibrate perpendicular to the diaphragm.
  • the direction of communication due to the change in the direction of propagation of the sound, the dividing point of the high-frequency sound wave is moved forward, thereby causing high-frequency sound wave defects of the side-out sound type speaker. Due to the defects in high-frequency sound waves, the overall sound quality of the side-out type speaker is degraded, which is quite different from that of the sound-emitting type speaker.
  • the side-out sound type speaker technology it is necessary to improve the front cavity of the speaker or the speaker unit, and correct and adjust the defects of the high-frequency sound wave from the aspects of sound wave propagation and sound wave generation, and improve the side sound.
  • the sound quality of the speaker it is necessary to improve the front cavity of the speaker or the speaker unit, and correct and adjust the defects of the high-frequency sound wave from the aspects of sound wave propagation and sound wave generation, and improve the side sound.
  • an acoustic wave filtering structure comprising:
  • the chamber wall and the chamber cover close the inner chamber, and a space in the inner chamber communicates with the outside only through the slit.
  • the inside of the cavity wall may have an inner wall for changing the structure of the inner cavity.
  • the inner wall may constitute a filter channel.
  • the chamber cover may also have a flange corresponding to the inner wall.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a side-out sound speaker module having better sound quality, especially better high-pitched sound quality.
  • a side sound speaker module comprising:
  • a side sound chamber for guiding sound waves from the side of the speaker unit
  • the acoustic wave filtering structure is disposed on the side sounding cavity, and the hole slit faces the inner side of the side sounding cavity.
  • the speaker module may include a first housing and a second housing
  • the first housing has a first sounding passage and a speaker slot for mounting a speaker unit, the first sounding passage being located at a side of the speaker slot;
  • the second housing is mounted on the first housing, and the second housing has a second sounding passage corresponding to the first sounding passage;
  • the first sounding channel and the second sounding channel are combined to form the side sounding chamber.
  • the cavity wall may be formed on a first sounding passage of the first casing, and the cavity cover is formed on a second sounding passage of the second casing at a corresponding position of the cavity wall .
  • the chamber wall may also be formed on a second sounding passage of the second housing, the chamber cover being mounted on the second housing.
  • the speaker module further includes a speaker unit, the speaker unit being mounted in the speaker slot, and the second housing enclosing the speaker slot and a front side of the speaker unit.
  • the speaker unit may include a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found that in the prior art, there is no technical means for installing a device using a similar filtering structure on a speaker module, thereby improving the sound quality of the speaker. Therefore, the technical tasks to be achieved by the present invention or the technical problems to be solved are those that have never been or are not expected by those skilled in the art, and the invention is a new technical solution.
  • the side sound speaker module In the side sound speaker module, the side sound chamber guides the sound wave to propagate in a direction different from the vibration direction of the vibration system, especially in the vertical direction. The sound wave passes through the side or upper acoustic wave filtering structure when passing through the side sound chamber, and the high frequency sound wave is pressed into the hole slit due to its own propagation characteristics.
  • the acoustic wave filtering structure enables high-frequency sound waves to propagate and reflect therein, thereby absorbing and adjusting sharp sound waves and reducing squeaks.
  • the filtered high-frequency sound waves are transmitted from the holes and the sound quality can be significantly improved.
  • the vibration system and the sound chamber cannot respond sensitively to the sound to be transmitted later in a short period of time.
  • the acoustic wave filtering structure provided by the invention can approximate the resonance peaks of the two sound waves before and after, thereby attenuating the phenomenon that the sound waves are paused.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cavity wall provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a chamber cover corresponding to the wall of the chamber of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cavity wall provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a cavity wall provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of a chamber cover corresponding to the wall of the chamber of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a first housing provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a second housing corresponding to the first housing in the embodiment of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a first housing provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of a second housing corresponding to the first housing in the embodiment of Figure 8;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a first housing provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a second housing that can correspond to the first housing in the embodiment of FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a second housing that can correspond to the first housing in the embodiment of FIG. 10;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a second housing that can correspond to the first housing in the embodiment of FIG. 10;
  • Figure 14 is a side cross-sectional view of the side acoustic speaker module formed by combining the first housing and the second housing in the embodiment of Figures 6-9;
  • Figure 15 is a side cross-sectional view of the side acoustic speaker module formed by combining the first housing and the second housing in the combined embodiment of Figures 10 and 12;
  • Figure 16 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the first casing in the embodiment of Figure 10.
  • the invention provides an acoustic wave filtering structure 1 which can be used for adjusting and filtering high frequency sound waves to improve sound quality.
  • the acoustic wave filter structure 1 includes a cavity wall 11 and a cavity cover 12, the inner side of the cavity wall 11 encloses or partially encloses a part of the space, and the cavity cover 12 is mounted on the cavity wall 11 to open the cavity wall 11 Sealed, the chamber wall 11 is combined with the chamber cover 12 to form a lumen 13.
  • the chamber wall 11 may have a plurality of shapes or even a plurality of separate structures.
  • an upper portion of the chamber wall 11 may have an opening, and a chamber cover 12 is mounted on the chamber wall 11 to seal the opening; or the chamber
  • the upper and lower portions of the wall 11 each have an opening, and the two chamber covers 12 respectively have two chamber walls 11 One opening seal.
  • the cavity wall 11 has a single structure and has a part of the opening.
  • the present invention does not limit the structure of the cavity wall 11 and the cavity cover 12, and those skilled in the art can design their specific structural shapes according to actual needs. Design.
  • the acoustic wave filter structure 1 further includes an aperture 14 formed in the chamber wall 11 and/or the chamber cover 12, the aperture 14 communicating the lumen 13 with an external space.
  • the inner cavity 13 formed by the combination of the cavity wall 11 and the cavity cover 12 is a semi-closed structure, and the joint between the cavity wall 11 and the cavity cover 12 is a sealing portion, and the inner cavity 13 passes only the hole 14 and the outer portion. Connected.
  • the slit 14 is formed on the cavity wall 11 and the chamber cover 12, it should be ensured that after the cavity cover 12 is mounted on the cavity wall 11, the hole 14 of the cavity cover 12 can be engaged with the cavity
  • the slits 14 of the wall 11 are accurately butted to form a smooth slit 14.
  • the acoustic wave filter structure 1 generally has a hole 14 which is narrow and thin in structure to adjust the effect of high frequency sound waves.
  • the present invention does not limit the specific features of the slot, and those skilled in the art can adjust the shape and number of the slot according to the actual situation.
  • the cavity wall 11 of the acoustic wave filter structure 1 is a unitary structure, and a semi-closed space is formed along the bottom surface and the side surface.
  • the cavity cover 12 is shown in FIG.
  • the upper structure corresponds to the structure of the cavity wall 11.
  • the chamber cover 12 is mounted on the chamber wall 11, and the top surface of the space can be sealed, that is, the inner chamber 13 is formed.
  • Both the chamber wall 11 and the chamber cover 12 have a portion of the apertures 14. When the chamber cover 12 is mounted on the chamber wall 11, the two portions of the apertures 14 abut to form a complete aperture structure.
  • the acoustic wave filter structure 1 When the sound wave passes through the acoustic wave filter structure 1, the high frequency sound wave is pressed into the inner cavity from the slit 14 due to its own propagation characteristics. High-frequency sound waves are reflected in the inner cavity 13, which can weaken and adjust sharp sounds, thereby improving sound quality.
  • the inner cavity 13 may have an inner wall 15 for changing the structure of the inner cavity 13.
  • the inner wall 15 extends along the cavity wall 11 into the inner cavity 13, and divides the inner cavity 13 into a special spatial structure for the sound waves to propagate and reflect in the inner cavity 13, thereby achieving the effect of adjustment.
  • the inner walls 15 are distributed at a distance in two opposite planes of the cavity wall 11 and extend into the inner cavity 13. The inner wall 15 shown in Fig.
  • the inner wall 15 divides the inner cavity 13 into a structure having a large space on both sides and a narrow passage in the middle.
  • Those skilled in the art can design the structural distribution of the inner wall 15 according to the actual needs of the sonic processing to form a filtering channel or a specific cavity, and the present invention does not limit the distribution structure of the inner wall 15.
  • the chamber cover 12 may have a flange 16 corresponding to the inner wall 15.
  • the flange 16 can be mated with the inner wall 15 to form a filter passage or other structure in the inner chamber 13 together with the inner wall 15.
  • the acoustic wave filtering structure provided by the invention can adjust the high frequency sound wave, eliminate the sharp sound in the sound wave, and improve the sound quality of the speaker. Especially when the speaker structure adopts a side sounding sounding mode, the sound wave filtering structure can significantly improve the quality of the speaker in high frequency sound.
  • the present invention also provides a side-out sound speaker module 2, which comprises at least a side-out sound chamber 23 and the above-described acoustic wave filter structure 1.
  • the side sound chamber 23 is configured to guide the sound emitted by the speaker unit from its own side, and the sound wave filter structure 1 is disposed on the side sound chamber 23, and the sound wave emitted from the speaker unit is transmitted.
  • the acoustic wave filter structure 1 can pass.
  • the slot 14 should face the inner side of the side exit acoustic cavity 23 so that high frequency acoustic waves can enter the inner cavity 13 from the slot 14 as it passes through the acoustic wave filtering structure 1.
  • the speaker module 2 may include a first housing 21 and a second housing 22 .
  • the first housing 21 has a first sounding passage 211 and a speaker slot 212 for mounting a speaker unit, and the first sounding passage 211 is located at a side of the speaker slot 212.
  • the vibration direction of the speaker diaphragm should be different or perpendicular to the direction in which the first sound path 211 extends.
  • the side sound according to the present invention means that the sound wave propagates to a sounding mode outside the speaker module in a direction different from the vibration direction of the speaker diaphragm or even in a vertical direction.
  • the first sound output passage 211 is a part of the side sound chamber, and is capable of guiding sound emitted from the speaker unit to propagate in a direction different from the vibration of the diaphragm.
  • the second housing 22 has a front cover portion 221 and a second sound output passage 222.
  • the second housing 22 is mounted on the first housing 21, and the front cover portion 221 seals the front surface of the speaker slot 212.
  • the second housing 22 has a second sounding passage 222 corresponding to the first sounding passage 211.
  • the second sounding The passage 222 can be combined with the first sound output passage 211 to form the side exit sound chamber. Since the front cover portion 221 of the second casing 22 seals the speaker groove 212 and the front surface of the speaker unit, the sound emitted by the speaker unit cannot be transmitted from the front. The sound waves propagate to the side along the space defined by the first casing 21 and the second casing 22, enter the side sounding chamber located on the side of the speaker slot 212, and then pass out from the side of the speaker module.
  • the cavity wall 11 of the acoustic wave filtering structure is located on the first housing 21 and disposed in the first sounding passage 211.
  • the cavity wall 11 is disposed on the sidewall of the first sounding passage 211 to avoid reducing the space in the first sounding passage 211.
  • the chamber wall 11 encloses a space on the side wall of the first sounding passage 211, and the top of the chamber wall 11 has an opening.
  • the slit 14 communicates between the space inside the cavity wall 11 and the first sounding passage 211.
  • the inner side of the chamber wall 11 may also have an inner wall for dividing the space enclosed therein into a specific spatial structure. As shown in FIG.
  • the chamber cover 12 of the acoustic wave filter structure is located on the second casing 22 and disposed in the second sounding passage 222.
  • the position of the chamber cover 12 on the second housing 22 should ensure that the chamber cover 12 just abuts the chamber wall 11 when the second housing 22 is mounted on the first housing 21.
  • the chamber cover 12 encloses the top of the chamber wall 11 and, in combination with the chamber wall 11, forms a lumen 13.
  • the cavity cover 12 may also have a portion of the aperture 14 which, after the cavity cover 12 is butted against the cavity wall 11, can also be butted to form a complete aperture 14.
  • the first housing 21 and the second housing 22 are sealingly joined by gluing, welding, etc., and after sealing between the chamber cover 12 and the cavity wall 11, the inner cavity 13 passes only through the slit 14 and The side sound chamber and the external space are connected.
  • the chamber cover 12 may also have a flange 16 opposite the inner wall 15.
  • the flange 16 is also in sealing engagement with the inner wall 15, the flange 16 mating with the interior, dividing the inner cavity 13 Into a specific spatial structure.
  • the chamber wall 11 of the acoustic wave filtering structure is located on the second housing 22.
  • the cavity wall 11 is located in the second sound emission channel 222
  • the chamber wall 11 should be located at the top of the side sound chamber.
  • the chamber wall 11 partially encloses a space on the upper surface of the second housing 22, defining a bottom surface and a side surface of the space.
  • the slit 14 is formed on the bottom surface of the space, that is, on the bottom surface of the cavity wall 11.
  • the slot 14 communicates a space surrounded by the cavity wall 11 with a second sounding channel 222 located below the second housing 22.
  • the second housing 22 is mounted on the first housing 21, and the second sounding passage 222 is combined with the first sounding passage 211 to form the side sounding chamber.
  • the chamber cover 12 is mounted on the second casing 22 to seal the top surface of the space and combine with the cavity wall 11 to form a cavity 13.
  • the chamber cover 12 is in sealing engagement with the second housing 22, and the inner chamber 13 communicates with the side sound chamber only through the aperture 14.
  • the inner side of the chamber wall 11 may also have an inner wall 15 which extends along the chamber wall 11 into the inner chamber 13 to divide the inner chamber 13 into a specific spatial structure.
  • the inner wall 15 can divide the inner cavity 13 into a bent filter channel. As shown in FIG. 12, the inner cavity 13 can also be divided into a spatial structure with a wide end and a narrow channel at the center, such as Figure 13 is described.
  • the cavity cover may also have a flange corresponding to the inner wall.
  • the flange is capable of abutting sealing with the inner wall when the chamber cover is mounted on the second housing, the inner wall being combined with the flange to divide the inner chamber into a particular spatial configuration.
  • the side sound speaker module 2 should also include a speaker unit 3 in which the speaker unit is mounted.
  • the acoustic wave filter structure 1 and the speaker slot 212 are disposed on the first housing 21, and the first sound output passage is located beside the speaker slot 212.
  • the first sound channel can provide an acoustic space for the speaker unit.
  • the front cover portion 221 seals the front side of the speaker unit, so that the speaker unit cannot transmit sound waves from the front side to the outside of the module. .
  • the side sounding chamber 23 formed by the first sounding passage and the second sounding passage 222 provides space on the side of the speaker unit to transmit sound waves along the side of the module.
  • the acoustic wave passes through the acoustic wave filter structure 1 as it propagates through the side exit acoustic cavity 23, and the high frequency sound wave can be adjusted.
  • the acoustic wave filter structure 1 is disposed on the second housing 22, and the speaker slot 212 is disposed. On the first housing 21.
  • the first sounding passage is also located beside the speaker slot 212.
  • the second housing 22 is mounted on the first housing 21, the combined side sound chamber 23 is provided on the side of the speaker unit. Sound space.
  • the acoustic wave filtering structure 1 is located at the top of the side sounding chamber 23, and the slit 14 faces the inner side of the side sound chamber 23.
  • the speaker unit may include a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system.
  • the magnetic circuit system may include a washer, a magnet, and a basin frame, and the vibration system may include a voice coil, a diaphragm, and a composite layer.
  • Figure 16 shows an overall schematic view of the first housing 21 in the embodiment illustrated in Figures 10 and 11.
  • the speaker slot 212 is disposed on the first housing 21, and the magnetic circuit system is mounted into the speaker slot 212 from the bottom of the first housing 21, and the vibration system is The top of the first housing 21 is mounted into the speaker slot 212.
  • the second housing is mounted above the speaker slot 212 and the first sounding passage.
  • a person skilled in the art can select the position of the speaker slot 212 and the mounting manner of the speaker unit according to actual conditions.
  • the above is a specific implementation manner of the acoustic wave filter structure 1 and the side sound speaker module 2 provided by the present invention.
  • the present invention does not limit the present invention to only the above several embodiments, and those skilled in the art can according to actual use requirements and production processes.
  • the factors such as the shape of the cavity wall 11, the structural features in the inner cavity 13, the position of the acoustic wave filter structure 1 in the side sound chamber 23, and the like are adjusted.
  • the chamber wall 11 and the chamber cover 12 should form a semi-closed inner chamber 13 which communicates with the outside only through a narrow slit 14.
  • the inner wall 15 may cause different adjustment requirements for sound waves, and those skilled in the art may use the inner wall 15 to perform the above according to the structural characteristics of the side sound module and the sound characteristics of the speaker unit.
  • the inner cavity 13 is divided into a desired spatial structure. After the cavity wall 11 and the cavity cover 12 are butted, the sealing should be performed by means of gluing, welding or the like.
  • the front side of the speaker slot 212 and the speaker unit should be sealed, and a side sounding chamber 23 is formed on the side thereof to guide the sound wave to be transmitted from the side.
  • the acoustic wave filtering structure 1 is located in the side sounding chamber 23, and the filtering structure should be prevented from occupying too much space in the side sound chamber 23.
  • the chamber wall 11 and the chamber cover 12 may be formed on different housings respectively, or may be separately formed and mounted on the housing.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

一种声波滤波结构（1），其中包括腔壁（11）、腔盖（12）和孔缝（14）。腔盖（12）安装在腔壁（11）上，腔壁（11）和腔盖（12）组合构成内腔（13）。孔缝（14）形成在腔壁（11）和/或腔盖（12）上。腔壁（11）与腔盖（12）将内腔（13）封闭，内腔（13）中的空间仅通过孔缝（14）与外部连通。一种侧出声扬声器模组（2），其中至少包括侧出声腔（23）和上述声波滤波结构（1）。侧出声腔（23）用于引导声波从扬声器单体（3）的侧面传出，声波滤波结构（1）设置在侧出声腔（23）上，孔缝（14）朝向侧出声腔（23）内。声波滤波结构（1）能够对高频声波进行调节、过滤，尤其是在侧出声型扬声器模组（2）中能够明显改善高频声波的声音质量。

Description

一种声波滤波结构和一种侧出声扬声器模组 技术领域
本发明涉及扬声器结构的设计和制造，更具体地，涉及一种扬声器中的声波滤波结构和一种扬声器模组。
背景技术
移动电子设备已经成为现代生活中不可或缺的日常用品，随着移动电子设备的发展，人们逐渐对手机、平板电脑等设备的外形、手持舒适度等方面提出了更高的要求。以智能手机为例，为了使手机的厚度更薄、外形更美观，本领域技术人员尝试将扬声器结构从原有的正出声型调整为侧出声型，以减少扬声器结构在厚度方向上占有的空间。
在正出声型扬声器中，声音的传递方向与振膜的振动方向平行，而在侧出声型扬声器中，侧出声腔的方向垂直于振膜振动的方向，迫使声音向垂直于振膜振动的方向传播。但是，由于声音的传播方向发生变化，导致高频声波的分割点前移，从而造成了侧出声型扬声器的高频声波缺陷。由于在高频声波方面的缺陷，侧出声型扬声器的整体音质有所下降，与正出声型扬声器存在较大差距。
所以，在侧出声型扬声器技术中，有必要对扬声器前腔或扬声器单体进行改进，从声波的传播过程和声波的产生等方面对高频声波的缺陷进行修正和调节，提高侧出声型扬声器的声音质量。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种提高扬声器侧出声声音质量的办法或结构。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种声波滤波结构，其中包括：
腔壁和腔盖，所述腔盖安装在所述腔壁上，所述腔壁和腔盖组合构成 内腔；
孔缝，所述孔缝形成在所述腔壁和/或腔盖上；
所述腔壁与所述腔盖将所述内腔封闭，所述内腔中的空间仅通过所述孔缝与外部连通。
所述腔壁内侧可以具有用于改变内腔结构的内壁。所述内壁可以构成滤波通道。所述腔盖也可以具有与所述内壁相对应的凸缘。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种具有更好音质，尤其是更好的高音音质的侧出声扬声器模组。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种侧出声扬声器模组，其中包括：
侧出声腔，用于引导声波从扬声器单体的侧面传出；
上述声波滤波结构，所述声波滤波结构设置在所述侧出声腔上，所述孔缝朝向所述侧出声腔内侧。
所述扬声器模组可以包括第一壳体和第二壳体；
所述第一壳体具有第一出声通道和用于安装扬声器单体的扬声器槽，所述第一出声通道位于所述扬声器槽的侧面；
所述第二壳体安装在所述第一壳体上，所述第二壳体具有与所述第一出声通道相对应的第二出声通道；
所述第一出声通道与所述第二出声通道组合构成所述侧出声腔。
所述腔壁可以形成在所述第一壳体的第一出声通道上，所述腔盖形成在所述第二壳体的第二出声通道上、与所述腔壁的对应位置处。
所述腔壁也可以形成在所述第二壳体的第二出声通道上，所述腔盖安装在所述第二壳体上。
所述扬声器模组还包括扬声器单体，所述扬声器单体安装在所述扬声器槽内，所述第二壳体封住所述扬声器槽和扬声器单体的正面。所述扬声器单体可以包括磁路系统和振动系统。
本发明的发明人发现，在现有技术中，并不存在利用类似滤波结构的装置安装在扬声器模组上，从而改善扬声器声音质量的技术手段。因此，本发明所要实现的技术任务或者所要解决的技术问题是本领域技术人员从未想到的或者没有预期到的，发明是一种新的技术方案。在本发明提供的 侧出声扬声器模组中，所述侧出声腔引导声波向与振动系统振动方向不同的方向传播，尤其是垂直的方向。声波在经过侧出声腔时会经过侧面或上方的声波滤波结构，高频声波由于其自身的传播特征的作用，会被压入孔缝。所述声波滤波结构能够使高频声波在其中传播、反射，从而吸收、调节尖锐的声波，减少刺音。经过滤波的高频声波再从孔缝传出，声音质量能够得到明显改善。另一方面，由于侧出声的声音传播特点，当传出一端高频声波后，振动系统和出声腔在一个短暂的时间段中无法对稍后将要传出的声音做出灵敏的反应。本发明提供的声波滤波结构能够拉近前后两个声波的谐振峰，从而减弱这种声波停顿的现象。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是本发明具体实施例中提供的一种腔壁的结构示意图；
图2是与图1实施例中的腔壁相对应的腔盖的结构示意图；
图3是本发明具体实施例中提供的一种腔壁的结构示意图；
图4是本发明具体实施例中提供的一种腔壁的结构示意图；
图5是与图3实施例中的腔壁相对应的腔盖的结构示意图；
图6是本发明具体实施例中提供的一种第一壳体的结构示意图；
图7是与图6实施例中的第一壳体相对应的第二壳体的结构示意图；
图8是本发明具体实施例中提供的一种第一壳体的结构示意图；
图9是与图8实施例中的第一壳体相对应的第二壳体的结构示意图；
图10是本发明具体实施例中提供的一种第一壳体的结构示意图；
图11是与图10实施例中的第一壳体能够对应的第二壳体的结构示意图；
图12是与图10实施例中的第一壳体能够对应的第二壳体的结构示意图；
图13是与图10实施例中的第一壳体能够对应的第二壳体的结构示意图；
图14是图6-9的实施例中，第一壳体与第二壳体组合后、形成的侧出声扬声器模组的侧面截面图；
图15是图10与图12的组合实施例中，第一壳体与第二壳体组合后、形成的侧出声扬声器模组的侧面截面图；
图16是图10的实施例中，所述第一壳体的整体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
本发明提供一种声波滤波结构1，可以用于对高频声波进行调节、滤波，提高声音质量。所述声波滤波结构1包括腔壁11和腔盖12，所述腔壁11内侧包围或半包围出一部分空间，所述腔盖12安装在所述腔壁11上，将腔壁11开口的部分密封，所述腔壁11与所述腔盖12组合构成内腔13。所述腔壁11可以具有多种形状甚至是分离的多个结构，例如，腔壁11的上部可以具有开口，腔盖12安装在所述腔壁11的上面，将开口密封；或者所述腔壁11的上部和下部均具有开口，两个腔盖12分别将腔壁11的两 个开口密封。通常情况下为了便于加工，腔壁11为一个整体结构，具有一部分开口，本发明并不对腔壁11和腔盖12的结构进行限制，本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要，对它们的具体结构形状进行设计。所述声波滤波结构1还包括一个孔缝14，所述孔缝14形成在所述腔壁11和/或腔盖12上，所述孔缝14将所述内腔13与外部空间连通。所述腔壁11和腔盖12组合构成的内腔13是半封闭的结构，腔壁11和腔盖12的接合处均为密封部分，所述内腔13仅通过所述孔缝14与外部连通。当所述孔缝14形成在所述腔壁11和所述腔盖12上时，应保证所述腔盖12安装在所述腔壁11上后，腔盖12部分的孔缝14能够与腔壁11部分的孔缝14准确对接，形成一个平滑的孔缝14。所述声波滤波结构1上通常指具有一个孔缝14，所述孔缝14的结构窄、细，以达到调节高频声波的作用。但本发明不对孔缝的具体特征进行限制，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况，对孔缝的形状和各数进行调整。
在具体实施例中，如图1所示，所述声波滤波结构1的腔壁11为一个整体结构，沿底面和侧面包围形成一个半封闭的空间，如图2所示，所述腔盖12上的结构与所述腔壁11的结构相对应。腔盖12安装在所述腔壁11上，可以将上述空间的顶面封住，即形成内腔13。所述腔壁11和腔盖12上均具有一部分孔缝14，当腔盖12安装在腔壁11上时，两部分孔缝14对接形成完整的孔缝结构。当声波经过所述声波滤波结构1时，高频声波由于其自身的传播特点，会从孔缝14处被压入所述内腔中。高频声波在所述内腔13中反射，可以削弱、调节尖锐的声音，从而提高声音质量。
特别的，由于各种扬声器单体、扬声器模组的性能、结构特征不同，所产生的高频声波和声波的缺陷均有所不同。为了对不同频率的声波进行调节和修正，所述内腔13中可以具有用于改变内腔13结构的内壁15。所述内壁15沿所述腔壁11向内腔13中延伸，将内腔13划分成特殊的空间结构，以供声波在内腔13中传播、反射，达到调节的效果。在一个实施例中，如图3所示，所述内壁15按一定间距分布在腔壁11的两个相对的平面上、向内腔13中延伸。图3中所示的内壁15构成弯折延伸的滤波通道，所述滤波通道增加了声波在内腔13中的传播距离，声波从所述孔缝14进 入内腔13内部，并经过多次反射、沿滤波通道传播。在另一个实施例中，如图4所示，所述内壁15将内腔13划分为两侧具有较大空间、中间具有狭窄通道的结构。本领域技术人员可以根据对声波处理的实际需要设计内壁15的结构分布，形成滤波通道或者特定的腔体，本发明不对所述内壁15的分布结构进行限制。
另外，如图5所示，当所述腔壁11上具有内壁15时，所述腔盖12上也可以具有与所述内壁15相对应的凸缘16。当所述腔盖12安装在所述腔壁11上时，所述凸缘16能够与所述内壁15配合对接，与所述内壁15共同在内腔13中形成滤波通道或其它结构。
本发明提供的所述声波滤波结构能够对高频声波进行调节，消除声波中尖锐的声音，提高扬声器的声音质量。尤其是当扬声器结构采用侧出声的出声方式时，所述声波滤波结构能够明显改善扬声器在高频声音方面的质量。
进一步的，本发明还提供了一种侧出声扬声器模组2，其中至少包括侧出声腔23和上述声波滤波结构1。所述侧出声腔23用于引导扬声器单体发出的声音从其自身的侧面传出，所述声波滤波结构1设置在所述侧出声腔23上，从扬声器单体中发出的声波在传入侧出声腔23时，能够经过所述声波滤波结构1。所述孔缝14应朝向所述侧出声腔23的内侧，以便于高频声波经过声波滤波结构1时，能够从孔缝14进入内腔13。
具体的，所述扬声器模组2可以包括第一壳体21和第二壳体22。如图6所示，所述第一壳体21具有第一出声通道211和用于安装扬声器单体的扬声器槽212，所述第一出声通道211位于所述扬声器槽212的侧面。当扬声器单体安装在扬声器槽212上时，扬声器振膜的振动方向应与所述第一出声通道211的延伸方向不同或垂直。本发明所述的侧出声，即指声波沿着与扬声器振膜的振动方向不同的方向、甚至垂直的方向传播至扬声器模组外的出声方式。在通常情况下，侧出声方式传播的声波是从扬声器单体、扬声器槽212的侧面传出的。所述第一出声通道211是侧出声腔的一部分，能够引导从扬声器单体中发出的声音向不同于振膜振动的方向传播。如图7所示，所述第二壳体22具有前盖部221和第二出声通道222。 第二壳体22安装在所述第一壳体21上，所述前盖部221将所述扬声器槽212的正面封住。所述第二壳体22上具有与所述第一出声通道211相对应的第二出声通道222，当第二壳体22安装在第一壳体21上时，所述第二出声通道222能够与第一出声通道211组合构成所述侧出声腔。由于所述第二壳体22的前盖部221将所述扬声器槽212、扬声器单体的正面封住，所以所述扬声器单体发出的声音无法从正面传出。声波沿第一壳体21和第二壳体22限制的空间向侧面传播，进入位于扬声器槽212侧面的侧出声腔，进而从扬声器模组的侧面传出。
在一个实施例中，如图6所示，所述声波滤波结构的腔壁11位于所述第一壳体21上，设置在所述第一出声通道211中。优选的，所述腔壁11设置在第一出声通道211的侧壁上，以避免减小第一出声通道211中的空间。所述腔壁11在第一出声通道211的侧壁上包围出一定空间，腔壁11的顶部具有开口。所述孔缝14将腔壁11内部的空间与所述第一出声通道211之间连通。所述腔壁11内侧还可以具有内壁，用于将其内部围出的空间划分成特定的空间结构。如图7所示，所述声波滤波结构的腔盖12位于所述第二壳体22上，设置在所述第二出声通道222中。所述腔盖12在第二壳体22上的位置应确保当第二壳体22安装在第一壳体21上时，所述腔盖12正好与所述腔壁11对接。所述腔盖12将腔壁11的顶部封住，与所述腔壁11组合形成内腔13。所述腔盖12上也可以具有一部分孔缝14，腔盖12与腔壁11对接后，其上的孔缝14也能够对接，形成完整的孔缝14。所述第一壳体21和第二壳体22之间通过涂胶、焊接等方式密封接合，所述腔盖12和腔壁11之间密封后，所述内腔13仅通过孔缝14与侧出声腔、外部空间相连通。
特别的，如图8、9所示，当所述腔壁11上具有内壁15时，所述腔盖12上也可以具有与所述内壁15相对的凸缘16。当所述第二壳体22与所述第一壳体21密封接合时，所述凸缘16也与所述内壁15密封接合，所述凸缘16与内部配合，将所述内腔13划分成特定的空间结构。
在另一个实施例中，如图10、11所示，所述声波滤波结构的腔壁11位于所述第二壳体22上。优选的，所述腔壁11位于所述第二出声通道222 的顶部，当所述第二壳体22安装在所述第一壳体21上后，所以腔壁11应位于所述侧出声腔的顶部。为了不减小所述侧出声腔的空间，优选的，所述腔壁11在所述第二壳体22的上表面半包围出一个空间，限定空间的底面和侧面。所述孔缝14形成在上述空间的底面上，即形成在所述腔壁11的底面上。所述孔缝14将腔壁11包围出的空间与位于第二壳体22下方的第二出声通道222相连通。所述第二壳体22安装在所述第一壳体21上，所述第二出声通道222与所述第一出声通道211组合构成所述侧出声腔。所述腔盖12安装在所述第二壳体22上，封住上述空间的顶面、与所述腔壁11组合形成内腔13。所述腔盖12与第二壳体22之间密封接合，所述内腔13仅通过所述孔缝14与所述侧出声腔连通。所述腔壁11内侧还可以具有内壁15，所述内壁15沿腔壁11向内腔13中延伸，将所述内腔13划分成特定的空间结构。所述内壁15可以将所述内腔13划分成弯折的滤波通道，如图12所示，也可以将所述内腔13划分成两端较宽、中间具有窄细通道的空间结构，如图13所述。
特别的，当所述声波滤波结构中具有内壁时，所述腔盖上也可以具有与所述内壁相对应的凸缘。当所述腔盖安装在所述第二壳体上时，所述凸缘能够与所述内壁对接密封，所述内壁与所述凸缘组合将所述内腔划分成特定的空间结构。
另外，所述侧出声扬声器模组2还应包括扬声器单体3，所述扬声器单体安装在所述扬声器槽212中。在如图14所示的实施方式中，所述声波滤波结构1和扬声器槽212设置在所述第一壳体21上，所述第一出声通道位于所述扬声器槽212旁边。所述扬声器单体安装在所述扬声器槽212中后，所述第一出声通道能够为扬声器单体提供出声空间。当所述第二壳体22安装在所述第一壳体21上时，所述前盖部221将扬声器单体的正面封住，所以，扬声器单体无法从正面将声波传到模组外。而所述第一出声通道和第二出声通道222构成的侧出声腔23在扬声器单体的侧面提供了空间，使声波沿模组的侧面传出。声波在所述侧出声腔23中传播时会经过所述声波滤波结构1，高频声波能够得到调节。在如图15所述的实施方式中，所述声波滤波结构1设置在所述第二壳体22上，而所述扬声器槽212设置 在第一壳体21上。所述第一出声通道同样位于所述扬声器槽212的旁边，当第二壳体22安装在所述第一壳体21上时，组合构成的侧出声腔23在扬声器单体的侧面提供了出声空间。所述声波滤波结构1位于所述侧出声腔23的顶部，所述孔缝14朝向侧出声腔23的内侧。
所述扬声器单体可以包括磁路系统和振动系统。所述磁路系统可以包括华司、磁铁和盆架，所述振动系统可以包括音圈、振膜和复合层。图16示出的是图10、11所述的实施例中、第一壳体21的整体示意图。在图16中，所述扬声器槽212设置在所述第一壳体21上，所述磁路系统从所述第一壳体21的底部安装入所述扬声器槽212，所述振动系统从所述第一壳体21的顶部安装入所述扬声器槽212。所述第二壳体安装在所述扬声器槽212和第一出声通道的上方。本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况选择扬声器槽212的位置以及扬声器单体的安装方式。
以上是本发明提供的声波滤波结构1和侧出声扬声器模组2的具体实施方式，本发明并不限制本发明仅有上述几种实施方式，本领域技术人员可以根据实际使用需求以及生产工艺等因素，对腔壁11的形状、内腔13中的结构特征、声波滤波结构1在侧出声腔23中的位置等要素进行调整。对于本发明提供的声波滤波结构1，所述腔壁11和腔盖12应形成一个半封闭的内腔13，所述内腔13仅通过一个狭窄的孔缝14与外部连通。不同的扬声器单体和不同的模组结构会造成声波的调节需求也有所不同，本领域技术人员可以根据侧出声模组的结构特点和扬声器单体的出声特点，利用内壁15将所述内腔13划分成所需的空间结构。所述腔壁11和腔盖12对接之后，应通过涂胶、焊接等手段进行密封。对于本发明提供的侧出声模组，应将扬声器槽212和扬声器单体的正面封住，并在其侧面形成侧出声腔23，引导声波从侧面传出。所述声波滤波结构1位于所述侧出声腔23内，应避免滤波结构占据侧出声腔23中过多的空间。所述腔壁11、腔盖12可以分别形成在不同的壳体上，也可以单独形成、安装在壳体上。
以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种声波滤波结构，其特征在于，包括：
    腔壁(11)和腔盖(12)，所述腔盖(12)安装在所述腔壁(11)上，所述腔壁(11)和腔盖(12)组合构成内腔(13)；
    孔缝(14)，所述孔缝(14)形成在所述腔壁(11)和/或腔盖(12)上；
    所述腔壁(11)与所述腔盖(12)将所述内腔(13)封闭，所述内腔(13)中的空间仅通过所述孔缝(14)与外部连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的声波滤波结构，其特征在于，所述腔壁(11)内侧具有用于改变内腔(13)结构的内壁(15)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的声波滤波结构，其特征在于，所述内壁(15)构成滤波通道。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的声波滤波结构，其特征在于，所述腔盖(12)具有与所述内壁(11)相对应的凸缘(16)。
  5. 一种侧出声扬声器模组，其特征在于，包括：
    侧出声腔(23)，用于引导声波从扬声器单体(3)的侧面传出；
    权利要求1-4任意之一所述的声波滤波结构(1)，所述声波滤波结构(1)设置在所述侧出声腔(23)上，所述孔缝(14)朝向所述侧出声腔(23)内侧。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述扬声器模组包括第一壳体(21)和第二壳体(22)；
    所述第一壳体(21)具有第一出声通道(211)和用于安装扬声器单体的扬声器槽(212)，所述第一出声通道(211)位于所述扬声器槽(212)的侧面；
    所述第二壳体(22)安装在所述第一壳体(21)上，所述第二壳体(22)具有与所述第一出声通道(211)相对应的第二出声通道(222)；
    所述第一出声通道(221)与所述第二出声通道(222)组合构成所述侧出声腔(23)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述腔壁(11)形成在所述第一壳体(21)的第一出声通道(211)上，所述腔盖(12)形成在所述第二壳体(22)的第二出声通道(222)上、与所述腔壁(11)对应的位置处。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述腔壁(11)形成在所述第二壳体(22)的第二出声通道(222)上，所述腔盖(12)安装在所述第二壳体(22)上。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述扬声器模组包括扬声器单体(3)，所述扬声器单体(3)安装在所述扬声器槽(212)内，所述第二壳体(22)封住所述扬声器槽(212)和扬声器单体(3)的正面。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述扬声器单体(3)包括磁路系统和振动系统。
PCT/CN2015/097311 2015-03-23 2015-12-14 一种声波滤波结构和一种侧出声扬声器模组 WO2016150202A1 (zh)

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