WO2016148654A1 - Chaussure personnalisée et sa fabrication - Google Patents

Chaussure personnalisée et sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016148654A1
WO2016148654A1 PCT/SG2016/050125 SG2016050125W WO2016148654A1 WO 2016148654 A1 WO2016148654 A1 WO 2016148654A1 SG 2016050125 W SG2016050125 W SG 2016050125W WO 2016148654 A1 WO2016148654 A1 WO 2016148654A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shoe
moldable
shape memory
layer
stimuli
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PCT/SG2016/050125
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English (en)
Inventor
Weimin Huang
Taoxi WANG
Original Assignee
Weimin Huang
Wang Taoxi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Weimin Huang, Wang Taoxi filed Critical Weimin Huang
Priority to CN201680015087.7A priority Critical patent/CN107529848B/zh
Publication of WO2016148654A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016148654A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B19/00—Shoe-shaped inserts; Inserts covering the instep
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/28—Adapting the inner sole or the side of the upper of the shoe to the sole of the foot

Definitions

  • the invention relates broadly to footwear design and function and specialized materials for the manufacture of said footwear.
  • fit is a primary determinant during the purchase of footwear. Misfits between the foot and the footwear impair foot function and can result in undue pressure on the foot including tightly fitting footwear or unwanted friction from loosely fitting footwear.
  • Crocs an American footwear company, is providing casual footwear with soft, comfortable, lightweight and odor resistant qualities all around the world. However, such fitting is only limited at the contact interface between the underneath (or sole) of the foot and top of sole.
  • Vibram fivefingers Another custom fitting shoe called Vibram fivefingers also provides a good wearing experience for users. This is partially because the raw material of these shoes has very high elasticity and is elastically deformable to fit any shape (elastic fitting as socks). However, some users do experience a lack of comfort because the elastic material can often apply inappropriate pressure to the foot. Furthermore, often the shoe upper is thin so that it is not able to provide enough protection to prevent foot injury.
  • the present invention seeks to improve upon personalised footwear products which currently exist.
  • the invention is predicated on the discovery that the function of footwear, in particular, stiffness and flexibility (related to 3D contouring) which is a personal preference, can be improved greatly with the use of certain shape memory materials (SMM), which are characterized with shape memory effect (SME).
  • SMM shape memory materials
  • SME shape memory effect
  • the invention provides a moldable shoe or shoe insert, said moldable shoe or shoe insert extending across an entire sole of the foot when in use and is prepared from a stimuli-responsive shape memory material.
  • the stimuli-responsive shape memory material is a thermo-responsive shape memory material.
  • the SMM is a shape memory polymer (SMP).
  • SMP shape memory polymer
  • thermo-responsiveness shape memory polymer retains two shapes.
  • the moldable shoe or shoe insert is initially heated to between about 45° to at or below about 80°C wherein the user subsequently inserts his/her foot into the shoe or shoe insert to mold the shoe or shoe insert around the contours of the users foot.
  • the moldable shoe or shoe insert may be heated to high temperatures such as at about 80°C, but will be typically put on at around 60°C or below unless socks or an inner liner is worn on bare foot.
  • shoe or “shoe insert” means that the product which is the subject of the invention extends across the entire sole of the foot and may include a complete shoe product with or without the requirement of any additional materials, such as a hardened non- moldable polymeric sole material.
  • the invention provides the advantage of a complete shoe product which does not require any additional manufacturing steps, such as outer material stitching or outer sole adhesion.
  • the term also encompasses a shoe insert, which while also extending across the entire sole of the foot, may be included into, for instance, a preformed shoe shape such as a hardened outer shoe shape (e.g., for construction workers) or a personalized shoe insert for a ski boot.
  • shoe or “shoe insert” can also mean that the product which is the subject of the invention envelopes an entire foot and may include a complete shoe product with or without the requirement of any additional materials, such as a hardened non-moldable polymeric sole material.
  • the phrase “entire sole of the foot” includes the foresole, the midsole, and the hindsole. It will also be appreciated that “entire foot” includes the forefoot, the midfoot, and the heel.
  • surface coverage of the shoe or shoe insert extends at least to cover the start of the foot talus (or ankle joint), which may or may not cover the actual ankle joint. This should then be contrasted with known shoe or shoe insert products which cover, for instance, only the foot sole or partially covers the hind foot and forefoot but leaves all or a part of the upper mid foot exposed and/or unsupported.
  • the SMM is a SMP selected from ether-vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU) or thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), or a combination of them.
  • EVA ether-vinyl acetate
  • PU polyurethane
  • TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
  • shape memory polymers SMP
  • SMP shape memory polymers
  • SME shape memory effect
  • SMP shape memory polymers
  • SMP includes many polymeric materials and their composites/hybrid with a transition temperature (either the glass transition or melting/crystallization) around between about 45°C to at or below 80°C, such as EVA or PU foam, PU, TPU or PU/TPU mixture, etc., can be used in this application.
  • the temperature of the surface at the time of bare foot insertion would be at about 60°C or below which is a comfortable temperature for the end user.
  • Figure 1 Description of the first embodiment. (1) Human foot; (2) shape memory polymer material; (3) normal shoe.
  • Figure 2 Description of the second embodiment. (1) Human foot; (2) shape memory polymer material; (3) normal shoe.
  • Figure 3 Description of the third embodiment. (1) Human foot; (2) shape memory polymeric material.
  • Figure 4 Description of the fourth embodiment (1) Human foot; (2) shape memory polymer material; (4) outersole.
  • Figure 5 Basic concept of comfort fitting shoes in accordance with one embodiment (I) and proof-of-concept of this embodiment (II).
  • Figure 7 DSC curve of EVA foam. Inset: zoom-in view of the glass transition range upon heating.
  • Figure 10 Typical stress vs. strain relationships of uniaxial tension to a maximum strain of 30% at three different temperatures followed by cooling back to room temperature and then unloading.
  • Figure 11 Typical stress vs. strain relationships in uniaxial tension to a maximum strain of 80% at three different temperatures followed by cooling back to room temperature and then unloading.
  • Figure 12 Typical stress vs. strain relationships of cyclic stretching at room temperature in samples with/without pre-stretching.
  • Figure 16 Shape-fixity ratio as a function of programming temperature.
  • Figure 17 Shape-recovery ratio as a function of programming temperature.
  • Figure 18 Shape recovery of EVA foam after clamping at room temperature for different periods of time.
  • Figure 25 Illustration of a sole of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 26 Illustration of a method embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fundamental principle underlying the present invention is the use of shape memory material (SMM) which are characterised with shape memory effect (SME).
  • SME shape memory effect
  • SME shape memory effect
  • SME shape memory effect
  • the shape memory effect (SME) is often described as a shape switching phenomenon whereby shape memory materials (SMMs) are able to recover their original shape with the presence of the right stimulus, such as heat (thermo-responsive), light (photo-responsive), chemical (including water, chemo-responsive), magnetic field (magneto-responsive), mechanical loading (mechano-responsive) etc.
  • SMMs shape memory material
  • SME shape memory effect
  • This is to be contrasted with memory foam which provides instant deforming but slowly recovers to its original shape and hence does not have the capability to maintain the temporary shape, i.e., no SME.
  • Polymers of the present invention exhibiting a shape-memory effect have both a visible, current (temporary) form and a stored (original or permanent) form.
  • the material is changed into another, temporary form by processing through, such as heating, deformation, and finally, cooling.
  • the polymer maintains this temporary shape until the shape change into the permanent form is activated by a predetermined external stimulus, in the present case by heating.
  • the material again with heating, can be transformed to its original (permanent) shape ready again for processing into another temporary form.
  • shape memory polymer material can be easily deformed to a temporary shape within an appropriate temperature range (about 45 °C to at or below about 80°C). After cooling back, the temporary shape is largely retained, while it is still flexible and stiffness enough to provide support.
  • the flexibility is such that the material is easily deformable via stretching/bending by hand or impression by finger and offers good elasticity to return back at the same time. Measurement of the Young's modulus can be used for measuring stiffness.
  • the range of Young's modulus for this application is preferably from 0.001 to 0.5 GPa, such as 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, 0.40, or 0.45 GPa or a range between any two of these figures.
  • a material is able to recover its original shape (permanent shape) only upon heating again for another round of refitting.
  • shape memory polymeric materials can offer a required combination of stiffness and flexibility, they can be used perfectly in such comfort fitting shoes.
  • the basic requirements of a polymeric foam are: 1) flexible/elastic at both low and high temperatures. Elasticity also can be measured by Young's modulus, the preferable range is from 0.001 to 0.5 GPa, such as 0.005, 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, 0.40, or 0.45 GPa or a range between any two of these figures; 2) able to maintain the temporary shape (shape fixity ratio >40% such as >42%, >44%, >46%, >48%, >50%, >52%, >54%, >56%, >58%, >60%, >62%, >64%, >66%, >68%, >70%, >72%, >74%, >76%, >78%, or >80%); 3) good shape recovery capability (shape recovery ratio >40% such as >42%, >44%, >46%, >48%, >
  • Shape fixity ratio and shape recovery ratio can be used to quantify this capability, (see Figures 16 and 17, Eqns 1-3); and 4) heating temperature for activation, in particular during wearing (programming), should be only slightly above body temperature. A temperature not exceeding 60°C is still an acceptable temperature, as the human body can withstand such temperatures for a short period of time, say a few seconds even for bare foot. Also for the polymeric materials of the invention , the activation
  • T g glass transition
  • T m melting
  • the shoes can be designed to be very thin (from about 1 to 3 mm) and lightweight and can be easily packed and stored with minimal storage space.
  • the shoe is first heated to around 50°C using warm water, an oven, a heater or a hot blower (such as a hair dryer) making the shoe moldable (or subjecting the shoe to other types of stimulus depending on the type of material used), then the user inserts his/her foot (1) into the shoe or shoe insert (2) which will deform to accommodate the shape of user's foot.
  • the moldable shoe or shoe insert covers the entire surface of the foot, right up to the talus of the user, providing stability for the entire foot. After cooling down, the deformed shape is retained with proper stiffness and flexibility.
  • the user obtains a comfort fitting shoe with an internal shape profile custom molded to the shape of his/her foot.
  • a comfort fitting shoe with an internal shape profile custom molded to the shape of his/her foot.
  • Crocs shoes there is no extra gap between foot and shoe making it more comfortable and thus decreasing injury risk caused by foot slip.
  • the shoe can be made very thin and, if required for instance, walking on rough ground, allows the user to further protect their feet by using the product as a shoe insert to a normal shoe (3) (i.e., removable inner lining, in order to eliminate possible discomfort resulting from the rough ground (e.g., thick rocks)) or hard/stiffer shoes.
  • the comfort fitting can be preserved although the user is wearing a normal shoe.
  • such moldable shoe or shoe insert can deform back to its original shape. With such a material the fitting processes are repeatable and instant whereby comfort fitting can be easily achieved.
  • the moldable shoe insert (2) is pre-fixed to the inner surface of a normal shoe (3), playing the role of a non-removable inner lining of a normal shoe.
  • This can be achieved through the use of a known adhesive product used in shoe manufacture. All the shaping processes are the same as those mentioned for the first embodiment. Excellent fitting performance still can be achieved in such an embodiment.
  • the moldable shoe made of shape memory polymeric material is thicker from about 2 to 15 mm than the shoe in the first embodiment in order to give better protection for the user.
  • a thick outer sole (4) may be added underneath the moldable shoe (2). With this additional bottom layer, this shoe is able to deal with rougher ground conditions without compromising on comfort fitting performance.
  • the bottom layer or outer sole material could be made of a much harder and wear resistant material with/without the shape memory effect. Multiple layers can also be incorporated in selected areas on the surface with impact absorbing material to cater for sports activities such as jogging.
  • thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF)
  • TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
  • THF tetrahydrofuran
  • Ventilation holes/slots at strategic areas can also be incorporated to further minimise fouling.
  • Figure 21 there is shown a shoe 100 that is produced by 3D moulding.
  • the whole shoe is made of the same material, 104 indicates cutting/holes or other means of weakened parts (e.g., indentations); 102 indicates much thicker portions to provide better support.
  • an insole 120 which includes a plurality of indentations 122.
  • the plurality of indentations 122 can be through/non-through holes and even slots/grooves.
  • the plurality of indentations 122 are configured for enabling deformation of the insole 120 when a sock 124 is placed on the insole 120.
  • the insole 120 can also be made from a non-uniform foam layer for enhanced fit and comfort.
  • 124 may be pre-bonded to 120, the insole. Upon heating insole, 120, it becomes soft and thus, one can easily wear the sock-shoe. After cooling back the insole becomes hard as a shoe.
  • FIG. 23 there is shown a free-size shoe 150 that is folded to form a shoe.
  • the shoe 150 is formed by joining a first flap 152 to a second flap 154 (or vice versa) using at least one fastener 160 (such as Velcro ® ) to form a front portion of the shoe 150.
  • Rear fasteners 158 are also configured to be joined to each other, to form a heel counter of the shoe 150.
  • a foam layer 156 of the shoe 150 is non-uniform for enhanced fit and comfort.
  • the fasteners 158 can be of a hook-and-loop type or any other form of robust temporary fasteners. As with the other embodiments heating is required to soften the shoes first.
  • FIG. 24 there is shown another free-size shoe 180 that is folded into a form of a shoe.
  • the shoe 180 is formed by joining a third flap 182 to a fourth flap 188 (or vice versa) using at least one fastener 190 to form a front portion of the shoe 180.
  • the shoe 180 does not include a heel counter but includes a heal guard 186.
  • a foam layer 184 of the shoe 150 is non-uniform for enhanced fit and comfort, and includes through/non-through holes and even slots/grooves. As with the other embodiments heating is required to soften the shoes first.
  • the sole portion 200 can deform, whereby deformation is substantially at central part 204 which includes through/non-through holes and even slots/grooves.
  • forefoot portion 202 and heel portion 206 are made from different materials (with/without shape memory effect) for grip and comfort.
  • a method 300 for forming a shoe is prepared from a stimuli-responsive (thermo-responsive) shape memory material layer, with the method 300 comprising heating the layer to a pre-determined temperature (302).
  • the pre-determined temperature is between 45°C to 80°C.
  • the method 300 includes deforming the layer (304), where the deformation of said layer is carried out by placement of a foot structure onto the layer.
  • the foot structure can be from a human or can be a foot mold.
  • the deformation of said layer can include deformation of a plurality of indentations within said layer, the plurality of indentations including through/non-through holes and even slots/grooves.
  • the method 300 includes manipulating the layer using at least one fastener to form the shoe (306). It should be appreciated that the manipulation of the layer is by folding.
  • the moldable shoe or shoe insert according to the present invention has also been demonstrated to be of great potential for sports and medical applications. Following is a non- exhaustive list of various potential applications:
  • the present inventive concept may be extended for use in supporting elbow, knee and even bottom etc., to provide not only a comfortable fit but also protection.
  • Figure 5(1) illustrates an embodiment of the moldable shoe or shoe insert of the present invention.
  • body temperature e.g., 45°C
  • the shoe After heating to slightly above body temperature (e.g., 45°C), the shoe becomes soft and highly elastic. Therefore the user can easily wear it in the same way as he/she would wear elastic socks with perfect fitting.
  • the material After cooling back to body temperature, the material becomes slightly harder, but still elastic enough to walk comfortably around. Every time refitting is required due to, for instance, slight shape difference in the user's feet, for instance, between early morning and later afternoon, the shoe can be reheated to 45°C for reuse/refitting.
  • Figure 5 (II) is also an embodiment of the aforementioned moldable shoe or shoe insert.
  • the top piece of sock is modified by coating it with a layer of low flow index thermo-plastic polyurethane, while the bottom piece is the original sock for comparison.
  • Low flow index for instance, around 3 g/10 min to 20 g/10 min, is to ensure the material will only "flow" when stressed rather than by gravitation force.
  • With the thin layer coated on unlike normal socks, such socks can maintain the feet shape after deformed at programming temperature instead of shrinking back to original size. After heating to about 60°C, the thermoplastic polyurethane becomes soft, along with the modified sock.
  • the modified sock When the modified sock is cooled to slightly above body temperature, the thermo-plastic polyurethane can still be molded. Therefore, the modified sock can be conveniently worn as a moldable shoe or shoe insert. After a few minutes, the thermo-plastic polyurethane becomes fully crystallized, and hence the sock becomes slightly harder and thus is less elastic as the original sock (the range of hardness should be from around 0.001 to 0.5 GPa), but is still flexible enough for the user to walk around on ( Figure 5 (lib)). The sock is able to maintain the new shape even after being taken- off ( Figure 5IIc). Only after heating to soften the thermos-plastic polyurethane, the sock returns its original shape and subsequently, it is ready to be reused again.
  • the invention also contemplates the use of composite materials such as EVA/TPU mixture, EVA/PCL (polycaprolactone) mixture, silicone/TPU hybrid, silicone/PCL hybrid,
  • silicone/melting glue may be used for reinforcement.
  • shape memory material may be heated to 45 °C to 80°C, for some other materials such as PCL based polymers, one can wear it even when it is cooled to room temperature, since such a material takes very long to become hard even at room temperature.
  • Both foam and solid polymeric materials may be used.
  • the sock serves as the elastic component and the thermo-plastic polyurethane functions as the transition component.
  • the process to fix the temporary shape is traditionally called programming, while the process of heating to return the original shape is called shape recovery.
  • the material investigated in this study is a commercial EVA foam sheet about 5.6 mm in thickness with a porosity ratio around 15%.
  • Figure 6 reveals the cross-section of this foam sheet and a zoom-in-view under scanning electron microscope (SEM). The samples for thermo-mechanical tests were cut out of the EVA sheet.
  • Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) test was conducted using a TA Instruments (New Castle, DE, USA) Q200 DSC between 0°C and 100°C at a heating/cooling rate of 5°C/min (under nitrogen atmosphere).
  • DSC Differential scanning calorimeter
  • the glass transition occurs at around 55°C, while melting and crystallization are at 80°C and 65 °C upon heating and cooling, respectively.
  • the glass transition between about 50°C and 60°C is advantageous because such a temperature range between 50°C to 60°C is suitable for human body. Any temperature higher than 60°C may make user feel too hot to wear (so that cannot last very long).
  • An Intron (Norwood, MA, USA) 5565 testing system with an integrated temperature- controllable chamber was used for uniaxial tensile tests.
  • a constant strain rate of 10 ⁇ 3 /s was applied in both loading and unloading in all tests.
  • thermo-responsive SME cycle applied in this study includes two processes, namely programming and recovery, with four major steps (a-d) as shown in Figure 9.
  • step (a) after being stretched to a prescribed maximum strain (e m ) at a given testing (programming) temperature, which is within the glass transition temperature range in the study, the sample is cooled back to room temperature (about 22°C) with the maximum strain maintained and subsequently unloaded (step b).
  • ej The resulted residual strain is denoted by ej. This is the first process of programming.
  • the sample may recover slightly at room temperature due to creeping (step c), and thus the residual strain is reduced to 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇
  • the sample is heated to slightly above (less than 5°C) the previous programming temperature for five minutes (step d), and the remaining strain is denoted as ⁇ 3 .
  • ⁇ 3 the remaining strain
  • Figure 10 shows three typical stress vs. strain relationships of EVA samples, which were pre- stretched to a maximum programming strain of 30% at three different temperatures, namely 50°C, 55°C and 60°C. It can be seen that the residual strain of the sample pre-stretched at the lowest temperature (50°C, dashed line) is the lowest (22.6%). The largest residual strain of about 27.4% is found in the sample pre-stretched at the highest temperature of 60°C (grey line). Because the glass transition temperature of this material is between 50°C to 60°C, this experiment demonstrates the shape fixity ratio of such material in the temperature range discussed above.
  • the instant shape fixity ratio (R' j ) and the long-term shape fixity ratio (R l f) may be defined as,
  • Figure 11 presents three typical stress vs. strain curves upon stretching to a maximum strain of 80% at 50°C, 55°C and 60°C, respectively. Same trend as revealed in Figure 10 is observed, but the residual strains are much higher (around 70%). Apart from small deformation (30%), the situation of large deformation (80%) should also be considered because users may also go through large deformation on shoes in this application. Thus the shape fixity ratio and shape recovery ratio after large deformation should also be investigated.
  • Figure 12 shows the stress vs. strain relationships in cyclic uniaxial stretching at room temperature in the samples with/without pre-stretching. Pre-stretching was conducted at 60°C to 30% maximum strain or 80% maximum strain. Note that for simplicity, herein, the calculation of engineering strain is based on the gauge length in each individual test. Five cycles to maximum programming strains of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% (in an increment order) were carried out. In the last cycle of all samples, there was a five minutes of holding period before unloading.
  • pre-tensile strain at least up to 30% does not have significant effect on the mechanical response of the foam.
  • Rectangular-shaped samples were used for a series of single and cyclic uniaxial compression tests. Same testing machine and parameters as mentioned in above mentioned uniaxial tensile tests were used. Three samples were compressed by 30% at three different temperatures, namely 50°C, 55°C and 60°C, and then held for cooling back to room temperature and finally unloaded. Figure 13 presents the stress vs. strain relationships of these three samples in the programming process. As can be seen, as with uniaxial tension, the sample tested at the highest temperature of 60°C has the largest residual strain of about 30%, while the sample tested at the lowest temperature of 50°C has the least residual strain of about 25%. Subsequently, these three samples were heated to slightly above their respective programming temperatures for five minutes for heating-induced shape recovery.
  • Figure 15 presents the stress vs. strain relationships in three cyclic compression tests at room temperature in samples with/without pre-compression. As before, pre-compression with a maximum programming strain of 30% or 80% was produced at 60°C. Three maximum programming strains of 15%, 30% and 45% (in increment order) were applied in all samples in cycling. No remarkable residual strain was observed in all samples at the end of each cycle, which indicates excellent elastic response in both pre-compressed samples and original sample.
  • Figure 15 reveals that while the stress vs. strain curve of 30% pre-compressed sample is very close to that of the sample without pre- compression (same as that in uniaxial tension), 80% pre-compressed sample is apparently much stiffer after being compressed to above 20% strain.
  • Shape-fixity ratio and shape-recovery ratio are Shape-fixity ratio and shape-recovery ratio
  • the shape-fixity ratio is a measure of how a piece of comfort fitting shoe can fit the profile of a particular foot
  • the shape -recovery ratio reveals the capability of a piece of comfort fitting shoe to recover its original size for the next round of comfort fitting.
  • the shape-fixity ratios as a function of programming temperature in both uniaxial tension and uniaxial compression to two different strains of 30% and 80% are plotted in Figure 16. As can be seen, in all tests, the shape-fixity ratio is over 75%.
  • the shape-fixity ratio is over 75%.
  • a higher programming temperature always results in a higher shape-fixity ratio, whereby the higher shape-fixity ratio is desirable for the shoes to maintain the temporary shape to ensure more comfort.
  • the higher the shape fixity ratio the better the shoe can maintain its deformed shape.
  • the perfect ratio is 100% which means the material can hold the shape exactly the same as the user's feet shape. In reality, any ratio higher than 75% can be considered good for this application.
  • a high temperature e.g., over 60°C, may be unbearable for many people.
  • Figure 17 reveals the shape -recovery ratio as a function of programming temperature in both uniaxial tension and uniaxial compression to 30% and 80% maximum programming strains. It is clear that while poor shape recovery (only between 40% to 55%) is observed in all samples programmed via compressing to a maximum programming strain of 80%, all rest samples have a very high shape-recovery ratio. In particular, the shape-recovery ratio in all 30% stretched samples is 100%. Hence, it may be concluded that,
  • the shape-recovery ratio is more or less programming temperature independent
  • Figure 19 (a) (black line) plots the stress vs. strain relationship of the sample during the whole test. As we can see, a compression strain of around 64% is recorded upon loading to 0.329 MPa. In the subsequent 24 hours, the compression strain gradually increases to 80%. After unloading, the residual strain is 74%. For comparsion, in another test, the applied maximum compression stress was reduced by half to 0.1645 MPa. The resulted stress vs. strain curve is plotted in grey color in Figure 19(a) As can be seen, although the applied stress is halved, more creeping induced strain (about 10% more) is observed, while more strain recovery (about 4%) is found after unloading.
  • a prepared personallized shoe would not only be easy to takeoff and wear, but also cormortable to wear.
  • High elasticity at room temperature also means that even after programming the shoes are able to mostly keep the personalized shape in the cases of short to medium term of loading.
  • creeping does happen in this foam ( Figure 18 and Figure 19), but most of the deformation due to creeping can be recovered autamatically even without heating ( Figure 20). Heating to up to 60°C may be applied to induce almost full shape recovery.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une chaussure moulable personnalisée telle qu'une chaussure ou un insert de chaussure, la chaussure ou l'insert de chaussure s'étendant à travers toute la plante d'un pied pendant l'utilisation et étant préparé à partir d'un matériau à mémoire de forme sensible aux stimuli, de préférence un polymère à mémoire de forme thermosensible tel que l'éthyle acétate de vinyle (EVA), le polyuréthane (PU) ou le polyuréthane thermoplastique (TPU). L'invention concerne également un procédé pour former ladite chaussure, ledit procédé comprenant le chauffage de la couche de matériau à mémoire de forme, la déformation de ladite couche, la manipulation de ladite couche à l'aide d'au moins un élément de fixation pour former ladite chaussure, ladite déformation de ladite couche étant réalisée par placement d'une structure de pied sur ladite couche.
PCT/SG2016/050125 2015-03-17 2016-03-17 Chaussure personnalisée et sa fabrication WO2016148654A1 (fr)

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CN111802744A (zh) * 2020-07-01 2020-10-23 宏威运动用品制造(张家口)有限公司 一种塑性鞋壳及其成型工艺和使用方法

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CN109820281B (zh) * 2019-03-01 2021-09-17 天津科技大学 基于糖尿病患者足部组织层次力学特性的个性化鞋垫优化设计方法

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