WO2016144277A1

WO2016144277A1 - Technique of sandblasting on ceramic

Info

Publication number: WO2016144277A1
Application number: PCT/TR2016/050030
Authority: WO
Inventors: Esma Deniz GÜRAL
Original assignee: Güral Esma Deniz
Priority date: 2015-03-12
Filing date: 2016-02-05
Publication date: 2016-09-15

Abstract

The invention relates to a ceramic production method (A) comprising a pattern sheet (2) made of paper or foil ensuring formation of a pattern on said product (1), and a sandblasting process (4) comprising spraying sand particles (4.1) via pressure in order to reveal the pattern on the product (1), and providing production of ceramic or porcelain products made of earthenware via shaping on ceramic surface.

Description

TECHNIQUE OF SANDBLASTING ON CERAMIC

The Related Art

The invention relates to production of ceramic or porcelain products from earthenware by means of shaping ceramic surfaces via sandblasting technique used for cleaning and polishing of metal surfaces.

The Prior Art

In production of artistic ceramics or traditional ceramics, embossing or other similar engravings formed on the product as relief are obtained by applying various techniques. The most commonly used one among these techniques is the moulding method. The reverse pattern relief or embossing engraved on the mould is obtained by casting or plastering method used in traditional ceramic production. Besides, relief can be obtained by graving on ceramic that is in the form of non-baked, recently dried mud obtained by any method, via a knife or a similar tool. Moreover, certain patterns can be engraved on the mud while the mud is still soft, and relief can be obtained by allowing it to dry. After giving the desired form to the mud, it is left to drying for a certain period of time in order to remove the moisture content found in the mud. At this stage, the product is quite brittle and has low resistance against external impacts. The mud that is solidified at a certain rate after removing its moisture content, develops a certain resistance against brittleness by means of removing the moisture content completely through the first firing, which is called biscuit firing.

In traditional ceramic production, although there is transition between stages, there is still a certain production flow scheme. These stages are forming the mud (via casting, turning machine or completely manually, via moulding or pressing), biscuit firing, and glazing firing.

The sandblasting technique of the known status of the art is performed by processing of sand with certain characteristics, at certain pressure atmosphere, and spraying on metal etc. materials. Sand particles colliding on the surface via pressure ensure removal of dirt, rust etc. unwanted residues from the surface (metal) they collide with, and thus a clean and smooth surface is obtained.

There are also some other methods than the ones described above. However, all of these are methods that require intensive effort and contain various problems. For instance, these methods have various limitations in obtaining the commonly used relief pattern engraved on plaster etc. moulds, such as they don't have reverse motion, which prevents separation of the product from the mould, and the relief angles are required to be suitable. On the other hand, the disadvantages of applying scraping method on non-baked mud include the necessity of applying the same pattern only once. Yet, the risk of breaking is quite high for products that are in non- baked, dried mud form. Wastage ratios are quite high, depending on the skills of the person who does the work. On the other hand, the complexity of the relief pattern to be applied also forms a significant problem.

In the literature research, some applications related to the production methods of artistic ceramics and traditional ceramics made of earthenware are encountered. However, these applications are not directly similar applications, but only include applications related to the technical field.

The patent application No TR2010/08239 relates to a baked ceramic product durable against fire. The products listed under this category in accordance with the invention comprise both shaped and non-shaped products. Shaped products are the products that have a defined shape/form, and in this way, their mass production can be made from their production stage. These shaped products include building blocks (bricks), casting tools (nozzles), pipes (tiles), stoppers (plugs), plates (sheets) etc.

The patent application No TR2014/08409 is a method for producing a ceramic installation material product, and at least comprises the below given steps: the step of applying a uniform layer of an adhesive material consisting of a high-viscosity liquid mixture on a surface that is designed in a way that it would at least be combined with at least one second piece of a ceramic installation material product; the step of combining the same pieces of the ceramic installation material product second piece that have the adhesive material layer placed between the pieces, with a first piece, along a combination area determined by two contact surfaces; the step of drying the ceramic installation material obtained in this manner; following the step of combining the two pieces, an application step takes place, wherein an electric charge flow is distributed in a uniform manner at least along the combination area, in a pre-determined intensity and for a pre-determined period of time, in a way that it would increase the mechanical strength of at least the combination area, via relevant tools.

As a result, improvement is to be made in production methods of artistic ceramics and traditional ceramics made of earthenware, and therefore novel embodiments that would eliminate the above said drawbacks and bring solutions to the problems of the prior art systems are needed.

Purpose of the Invention

The primary purpose of the invention is to produce ceramic or porcelain products from earthenware by means of shaping ceramic surfaces via sandblasting technique commonly used for cleaning and polishing of metal surfaces.

A purpose of the invention is to provide comfortable elbow room during pattern study of the product.

Another purpose of the invention is to reduce the margin of error in the products and obtain clarity in product embossing. Another purpose of the invention is to provide workable sharp lines and fine details. Obtaining the products such as vases that are worked with a mould, with fine patterns such that they would acquire dimension via embossing or pattern embedding techniques is impossible. Here, the ceramic term is used in broad meaning, or in other words, ceramics include all kinds of products made of earthenware. Among these, glazed tiles (chinaware) produced with the most traditional method, bricks or tiles or pottery used as construction material made of red earth, porcelain tableware, majolica ceramics, bonechina porcelains, ceramic tiles and floor tiles used on walls and floors, decorative materials such as decorative ornament layers hanged on walls, vases, lampshade pedestals etc. are all included.

In order to achieve the above said purposes, said ceramic production method comprises a pattern sheet made of paper or foil ensuring formation of a pattern on said product, and a sandblasting process comprising spraying sand particles on the product via pressure in order to reveal the pattern on the product.

Figures for Better Understanding of the Invention

Figure 1 is a top and front schematic view showing the ceramic production method.

Drawings do not have to be scaled and details not necessary for understanding the present invention may be neglected. Moreover, components which are at least widely equal or which have at least widely equal functions are shown with the same number.

Description of Parts References

A. Ceramic production method

1. Product

1.1. Ceramic surface

2. Pattern sheet

3. Pattern marking

4. Sandblasting process

4.1. Sand particles

4.2. Sandblasting unit

5. Final product

Detailed Description of the Invention

Sandblasting process (4) for the method (A) of producing porcelain or ceramics made of earthenware via shaping on ceramic surface, characterized in that; it comprises a pattern sheet (2) made of paper or foil ensuring formation of the pattern on said product (1 ), and a sandblasting unit (4.2) spraying sand particles (4.1 ) via pressure in order to reveal the pattern on the product (1 ). Figure 1 shows a schematic view representing the ceramic production method (A). Accordingly, the ceramic production method (A) comprises a ceramic or porcelain product (1 ) to be processed and made of earthenware. It comprises a pattern sheet (2) made of paper or foil ensuring formation of the pattern on said product (1 ). In order to form a pattern on said ceramic or porcelain product (1 ) made of earthenware, pattern marking (3) is made by means of combining the product (1 ) and the pattern sheet (2). By means of pattern marking (3), the pattern found on the pattern sheet (2) and desired to be formed on the product (1 ) is marked on the product (1 ). Following pattern marking (3), sandblasting process (4) is applied by means of spraying sand particles (4.1 ) via pressure in order to reveal said pattern on the product (1 ). Following the sandblasting process (4), the pattern desired to be formed on the product (1 ) is formed on the ceramic surface of the product (1 ) and thus the final product (5) is obtained. In the light of the above given information, the ceramic production method (A) according to the invention is applied as follows.

As can be seen in Figure 1 , a product (1 ) shaped by any of the above described methods or by another method that is not limited to the above described ones, and biscuit fired independent from its shape (flat plate, plate, tableware, ornament, floor or wall tiling, floor tile, ceramic tile etc.), is brought to pattern engraving step.

The relief pattern to be engraved is obtained on a pattern sheet (2) by means of drawing on any commercial material such as plastic, paper, adhesive tape etc. Afterwards, the pattern can be prepared by means of cutting the parts of said pattern that will stay as the embossing of the relief on the product (1 ), by any method. The prepared pattern is adhered on the product (1 ) made of earthenware via any method.

In the next step, sandblasting process (4) is applied by spraying fine sand particles (4.1 ) by means of adjusting the air pressure according to the hardness of the biscuit and the quality of the mud used as the raw material, and the desired level of depth on the embossing parts of the relief. In this way, as a result of spraying, the sand particles (4.1 ) would contact with the areas where there is no pattern adhered on the ceramic or porcelain product (1 ) made of earthenware. As a result of colliding of the sand particles (4.1 ) via pressure, a scraping process would occur on the product (1 ). Some parts are broken away from the ceramic surface of the product (1 ) while the sand particles (4.1 ) hit on the product. And this forms cavities on the surface of the product (1 ) ceramic. The sand particles (4.1 ) collide and rebound from the spaces on the pattern sheet (2) where the pattern is found.

In this way, while sand particles (4.1 ) form cavities on the ceramic surface (1 .1 ) where there is no pattern sheet (2), they wouldn't change the areas covered with the pattern sheet (2).

After applying the sandblasting process (4) for a certain period of time and after the cavities reach the desired depth, the sandblasting process (4) is halted. The pattern sheet (2) having the relief pattern is removed from the ceramic surface (1 .1 ) of the product (1 ). The final product (5) is obtained by means of forming relief or embossing on the ceramic surface (1 .1 ) in desired style and depth.

Claims

1. Sandblasting process (4) for the method (A) of producing porcelain or ceramics made of earthenware via shaping on ceramic surface, characterized in comprising;

- a pattern sheet (2) made of paper or foil ensuring formation of the pattern on said product (1 ), and - a sandblasting unit (4.2) spraying sand particles (4.1 ) via pressure in order to reveal the pattern on the product (1 ).

2. Sandblasting process (4) for the method (A) of producing porcelain or ceramics made of earthenware via shaping on ceramic surface, characterized in comprising:

- drawing of the relief pattern to be engraved, on the pattern sheet (2),

- cutting the parts of said pattern that will stay as the embossing of the relief on the product (1 ),

- adhering the prepared pattern sheet (2) on the product (1 ),

- obtaining pattern on the final product (5) by means of spraying sand particles (4.1 ) on the ceramic surface (1 .1 ) via pressure, by means of the sandblasting unit (4.2).