WO2016140537A1

WO2016140537A1 - Gravity-type filtering device and method for filtering total phosphorus using same

Info

Publication number: WO2016140537A1
Application number: PCT/KR2016/002151
Authority: WO
Inventors: 신지훈
Original assignee: 신지훈; (주)맥산엔지니어링
Priority date: 2015-03-04
Filing date: 2016-03-03
Publication date: 2016-09-09
Also published as: KR101543548B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a gravity-type filtering device having a backwashing function and a method for filtering total phosphorus using the same, the gravity-type filtering device being configured to successively repeat a filtering process of filling a gravity-type filtering tank, the upper portion of which is open, with a fiber filtering material and filtering contaminants, such as insoluble floating substances and total phosphorus, existing in potable water that is introduced into the filtering tank and then released, and a backwashing process. Particularly, a gravity-type filtering device (1) incorporating a backwashing function comprises each of: an upper screen device (20) having an inflow tank (22), which communicates with an inflow tube (13), and a discharge tank (23), which communicates with a backwashing discharge tube (25), formed on the entire one side surface of a filtering tank (10) such that both ends of a distribution tube (21), which has multiple distribution holes (26) formed thereon, communicate with the inflow tank (22) and the discharge tank (23), respectively; a filtering layer unit (40) having multiple fiber filtering materials (50) seated on the upper end of a filtering mesh (43), which is provided in a pre-filtering space (11); an air inflow tube (30) having multiple air splitting tubes (32), which have multiple splitting holes (33) formed thereon, configured on both sides of a main air tube (31), which leads into the center of a post-filtering space (12), so as to communicate with each other; and a separate lower drain tube (70) that communicates with the lower end of the post-filtering space (12). The gravity-type filtering device (1) is used to fulfill a washing process by successively conducting a filtering step (100) of removing phosphorus and floating substances; a filtering material lifting step (200) of lifting the fiber filtering materials (50); a backwashing step (300) of discharging phosphorus and insoluble and adhesive floating substances, which are adsorbed on the surface of the fiber filtering materials (50); and a backwashing water discharge step (400).

Description

Gravity filtering device and total filtration method using the same

The present invention relates to a gravity filtration device and a total filtration method using the same, and more particularly, to a fiber filter material filled in a gravity filtration tank with an open top and contaminants such as insoluble suspended matter and total phosphorus present in the sewage discharged into the filtration tank. The filter was filtered quickly with a filtrate and the backwashing process to remove suspended matter adsorbed on the filtrate was sequentially performed so that quick and efficient filtration and backwashing can be achieved through a small volume of filtration tank with small power. The present invention relates to a gravity filtration device having a backwashing function and a total filtration method using the same.

In general, sewage, wastewater and rainwater contain various organic substances, suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorus, etc., and when treating water for these various pollutants, inorganic substances in water are physically and chemically removed. In addition, organic materials should be treated by biological treatment by microorganisms. Therefore, in large-scale treatment facilities such as general sewage and wastewater treatment plants, separate primary sedimentation tanks, bioreactors, final sedimentation tanks, and filtration facilities are provided for the above-mentioned processes. Processing.

At this time, the conventional primary sedimentation tank used conventionally removes heavy and large contaminants from the sedimentation basin, and sediments are simply precipitated by gravity sedimentation, and the surface area load is about 50m 3 / m 2 · day. As the removal rate of suspended solids is low, it has a limitation of occupying a lot of land area. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop rapid filtration technology to reduce the land area by increasing the efficiency of pollutant removal and processing speed. In order to remove the backwater, the residence time of the sewage is generally set at a scale of 8 to 9 hours, and the land area is large, and there is a limit in that an excessive amount of oxygen supply is required to secure and maintain microorganisms suitable for sewage treatment. Finally, the final settling tank to remove sewage sludge formed in these bioreactors is mainly gravity settling room. As the water load is about 20㎥ / ㎡ · day, the water load is very small, and the conventional water treatment device with the limitation that the land area is large occupies a large amount of facility size, site area, facility installation cost and maintenance cost. In order to overcome this problem, it is difficult to operate and manage such a large-scale facility. Therefore, we have developed a biofilm filtration technology that can simultaneously perform the function of the bioreactor and the final sedimentation tank. There is an urgent need for technology development to reduce.

In recent years, as can be confirmed through the "applied sewage treatment apparatus" of the previously registered Patent No. 10-0980464, "with a flotation filtration tank filled with a porous flotation filter to replace the primary sedimentation tank in the conventional sewage treatment plant, The sewage can be flowed upstream and filtered through contact with the porous flotation media, and downstream of the flotation filtration tank can be arranged in a row to supply air together with the floating porous microorganism carrier filled therein. As a substitute for the bioreactor and the final sedimentation tank in the conventional biological sewage treatment process, it is possible to remove the oxidation of BOD, nitrogen, phosphorus, etc., and to filter the treated water flowing out of the biofilm filtration tank for complete treatment. The first precipitation tank and the biofilm filtration were formed by forming a rapid filtration tank having a layer part and a chemical injection tube. To move the treated water containing phosphorus causing eutrophication as well as a small amount of particulate matter which has not been resolved in the downflow ", so that a biofilm filtration tank is provided to remove nitrogen and phosphorus with oxidation of BOD. In addition, it improves the contact speed between the porous flotation media and the floating porous microorganism carrier, and increases the flow rate of the sewage flowing through it, and improves the treatment speed and the filtration treatment speed and the filtration treatment efficiency compared to the existing sewage treatment plant. Therefore, the present invention is to reduce the installation area to create an economic effect of lowering the construction cost, but this also depends on the amount of treated water and the content of organic matter, suspended matter, nitrogen and phosphorus distributed in the treated water Since the quantity of water must be configured differently, a number of filtration tanks are needed if necessary. In addition to the problem of increasing the area of the total filtration device, it can be seen that the structure still does not solve the problem, such as having a limit in the treatment speed of the treated water, because still a sand layer in the rapid filter.

Thus, as can be seen through the "applied sewage treatment apparatus" of the previously registered Patent No. 10-0955799 "to perform the coagulation and filtration functions in a single reactor at the same time to act as a reaction vessel in the top of a single reactor and a single reactor In order to perform the role of a filtration tank at the bottom of the, and to overcome the problem that the filtration efficiency of the flocculation gun filter device for water treatment using porous media is reduced, by configuring the backwash means of the flocculation gun filter device for water treatment, If a separate backwashing means is provided in real time during the treatment to reach a constant filtration pressure, the backwashing is automatically performed to maintain a constant filtration capacity so that various pollutants and total phosphorus can be filtered. Although the water content of these pollutants can be significantly reduced, In addition, the sand layer in the rapid filter still has a limitation in the treatment speed of the treated water, and the particles of the porous filter material are fine and are lost together with the sand layer in the backwashing process, or the sand layer and the porous media are sequentially removed due to the backwashing process. Due to various problems such as not being loaded, the filtration efficiency is reduced, and the filtration efficiency is reduced by moving the position of the porous filter material as the inflow water flows due to the rotary stirrer.

Recently, as described in "Patent Filter Device with Ultra-fast Backwashing Function and Micro Filter Recovery Function" of Patent Application No. 10-2013-0008880, which is previously filed, "Fluid communication with a raw water tank and a supply pipe for storing raw water. And an upper discharge pipe positioned at an upper portion to discharge the backwash water and sludge to the outside, a lower discharge tube positioned at the lower portion to discharge the treated water to the outside, a media support portion arranged across the interior thereof, and a porous material on the media support. A filtration tank having a filtration layer composed of a micro filter and a lower filter having a relatively high specific gravity in the lower portion of the porous micro filter, and a backwash water and a porous micro filter which are in fluid communication with the upper discharge pipe of the filtration tank and discharged to the upper discharge pipe. By centrifugal separator to separate the raw water, the raw water to be fed into the filtration tank is downflow filtered, and It is possible to dramatically improve the filtration treatment ability that can be filtered, and backwashing the porous micro media in the filtration tank to maintain the filtration layer in an optimal state to maximize the filtration efficiency, while backwashing Although the porous micro media is used together with the backwash water, it is relatively light enough to be discharged to the outside, and the backwash time can be shortened by allowing the micro media to be lost by the backwash water to be recovered through a centrifuge. This is a pressure tank in which the structure of the filtration tank is closed and the supply, discharge, and backwashing of the treated water are made of high pressure. A centrifuge or high pressure pump is needed to recover the filter. In addition, the supply pipe and the discharge pipe also have to use expensive products that can be used for high pressure. Therefore, the cost of installing the total filtration system becomes high, and thus it is not applicable in large-scale treatment facilities such as general sewage and wastewater treatment plants. Users requiring facilities or related water treatment companies that install and manage them have not yet solved these basic problems.

Therefore, the present invention was developed to eliminate all the problems described above, and infiltration of insoluble and sticky suspended solids and coagulated precipitated by coagulant with fibrous filtrate as needed in a state filled with a filtrate. By constructing a total filtration system with backwashing function, the backwashing process that removes the suspended solids adsorbed to the filtrate during the filtration process is performed by simply supplying water and air and changing the direction. It is easy to install, repair, manage and maintain as well as easy to install, repair, manage and maintain, with the aim of reducing the backwashing quantity and backwashing time even with a small volume of filtration tanks by power. Gravity Filtration to Reduce Costs And it is intended to solve the above problems to provide a filtering method using the same total phosphorus.

The gravity filtration device and the total filtration method using the same according to the present invention constitutes the filtering network 43 by a predetermined distance from the bottom surface of the filtration tank 10 in which the upper portion is opened to form the filtering network 43 and the pre-filtering space 11 above the filtering network 43. ) To form a post-filtration space 12 in the lower portion of the filtering network 43, with a plurality of filter media on the top of the filtering network 43 to form a filtration layer portion 40, the pre-filtration space at the top of the filtration tank (10) An inlet pipe 13 for supplying the inflow water to the outlet 11 and a backwash discharge pipe 25 for discharging the backwash water from the pre-filtration space 11 to the outside of the filtration tank 10 are formed, and the outside of the post-filtration space 12 is externally formed. The air inlet pipe 30 for introducing the air of the air, the discharge pipe 14 for discharging the filtered filtrate water from the post-filtration space 12 to the outside of the filtration tank 10, and the backwash water flowing into the post-filtration space 12 A container including a backwash water inlet pipe 24 and a water level gauge 60 for detecting the water level in the pre-filtration space 11. In a gravity gross filtration apparatus of a bed;

The upper part of the inner side of the upper side of the filtration tank 10 is opened to form an inlet tank 22 through which the end of the inlet pipe 13 is introduced, and the other side is sealed to the lower center of the backwash discharge pipe 25. ) To communicate with the inlet tank 22 and the outlet tank 23 by connecting both end portions of the distribution pipe 21 having a plurality of distribution holes 26 on the surface thereof to communicate with the outlet tank 23. An upper screen device 20 configured to have a plurality of distribution pipes 21 having the same height at a predetermined interval;

The main engine 31 in communication with the outside on one of the inner lower side of the filtration tank 10 is configured so that the main air engine 31 that is introduced into the center after the filtration space 12 from the outside gradually decreases in diameter. 31) On both sides, a plurality of dividing holes 33 are formed on the surface and the plurality of air dividing pipes 32 whose diameters are reduced toward the ends are distributed to maintain a constant interval so as to communicate with the main air engine 31. An air inlet pipe 30;

The filtrate 50 of the effective depth of the filtration tank 50 on the top of the filter net 43 having a plurality of filters 41 and the filtration hole 42 in the pre-filtration space 11 of the upper end of the air inlet pipe 30 Filled at a height of% to 70%, but at the height maintained by the upper end of the filled filtrate 50 to form a lattice-shaped lattice tube 45 to maintain parallel to the filter network 43 between the lattice tube 45 A filtration layer part 40 configured to form a plurality of distribution spaces 44;

A gravity filtration device (1) having a backwashing function including a separate lower drain pipe (70) communicating with the lower end of the post-filtration space (12) on one side of the lower end of the filtration tank (10),

First, the inflow water introduced through the inflow pipe 13 while the discharge pipe 14 is opened is distributed to the plurality of distribution pipes 21 through the inflow tank 22 and dispersed through the plurality of distribution holes 26 to form fibers. Since it passes freely on the filter medium 50 and passes through the filtration layer part 40, the phosphorus compound and the insoluble and sticky suspended matter contained in the influent and flocculated in the inflow water are adsorbed to the fiber filter material 50 so as to adsorb phosphorus and suspended matter by the fiber filter material 50. A filtration step (100) for converting the removed filtered water into a discharge pipe (14);

Due to the continuous operation of the filtration step 100, various suspended solids, including phosphorous, are adsorbed on the filtrate 50, and thus the inflow rate of the inflow water passes through the filtration layer portion 40 is slowed down. When the water level is set to the set height, the discharge pipe 14 and the inlet pipe 13 are sealed and the filtration process is stopped, and then the air inlet pipe 30 is opened and the compressed air generated from the outside is introduced through the main air engine 31. Is divided into a plurality of air dividing pipe 32 is discharged through the split hole 33 to support the fiber filter material 50 through a plurality of filters 41 and the filtration hole 42 configured in the filter network 43 A filter medium supporting step (200);

In the state in which the filtrate 50 is uniformly diffused and distributed in the pre-filtration space 11 through the filter medium support step 200, the backwashing inlet tube 24 is opened so that the backwashing water is compressed into the filtering network 43 like compressed air. The backwash water containing a plurality of fine air bubbles generated by being uniformly dispersed and introduced into the pre-filtration space 11 through the plurality of filters 41 and the filtration holes 42 configured on the surface of the fibrous filter 50 After separating the adsorbed phosphorus, insoluble and sticky suspended solids into fine air bubbles, the adsorbed phosphorus and the insoluble and sticky suspension are introduced into the distribution pipe 21 through the plurality of distribution holes 26 and then combined into the discharge tank 23 to be discharged through the backwash discharge pipe 25. A backwashing step 300;

When the backwashing step 300 is completed, the backwashing inlet pipe 24 is sealed, and the lower drainage pipe 70 is opened, and the backwashing water containing phosphorus as well as the solids remaining in the filtration tank 10 and insoluble and sticky floating matters. The filtrate 50 is discharged through the lower drainage pipe 70, and the fiber filter material 50 is sequentially seated from the upper end to the lower end at which the discharge of the backwashing water is completed, so that each one contracts and adheres to each other at the same time due to its own weight. It relates to a filtration method using a gravity filtration device (1) consisting of a washing process by sequentially proceeding the backwash water discharge step (400).

As described above, the gravity filtration device of the present invention and the total filtration method using the same improve the blockage phenomenon and the backwashing efficiency of the filtration tank in the filtration process, thereby reducing the backwashing quantity and the backwashing time even through a small volume filtration tank with low power. Fast and efficient filtration and backwashing, easy installation, repair, management and maintenance, as well as reduced installation and management and maintenance costs, resulting in large capacity, low total cost It is a great invention that is expected to be installed and can be easily used for a long time.

Figure 1 is a schematic view of the overall configuration showing the filtration process of the conventional preferred phosphorus equipment.

Figure 2 is a block diagram of a total filtration device showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a front cross-sectional view.

Figure 3 is a block diagram of a total filtration device showing another embodiment of the present invention, (a) is a planar cross-sectional configuration diagram, (b) is a side cross-sectional configuration diagram.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional configuration of a total filtration device showing an embodiment of the preferred filtration step of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional configuration of a total filtration device showing an embodiment of the preferred filter medium support step of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional configuration of a total filtration device showing an example of the preferred backwashing step of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional configuration of a total filtration device showing an embodiment of the preferred backwash water discharge step of the present invention.

8 is a configuration diagram of an air inlet pipe showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention (a) is a plan view (b) is a sectional view.

Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the upper screen device showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the filtering network showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a plan view showing the configuration of the grating tube showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

* Description of the sign

1: total filtration system 2: inlet tank

3: reactor 4: floc forming tank

5: treatment tank 6: concentration tank

10: filtration tank 11: space before filtration

12: post-filtration space 13: inlet pipe

14: discharge pipe 20: upper screen device

21: distribution pipe 22: inflow tank

23: discharge tank 24: backwash inlet pipe

25: backwash discharge pipe 26: distribution hole

30: air inlet pipe 31: man-made engine

32: air split pipe 33: split hole

40: filter layer part 41: filter

42: filter hole 43: filter network

44: grid space 45: grid tube

50: fiber filter material 60: water level gauge

70: backwash tube 100: filtration step

200: filter medium support step 300: backwash step

400: backwash water discharge stage

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, as illustrated in FIG. 1, a transfer pump for storing influent and transferring to a next process to treat total phosphorus, suspended matter, and dissolved organic matter remaining in treated water after biological treatment of a conventional sewage and wastewater treatment plant is provided. An inlet tank 2 provided; A reaction tank (3) in which a flocculant is introduced into the inflow water introduced from the inflow water tank (2) to react with the suspended substances and phosphorus contained in the inflow water to generate a fine floc; A floc forming tank (4) provided with a stirrer which is introduced from the reaction tank (3) and agitates to aggregate the fine particles and the fine flocks which are not agglomerated in water to form coarse flocs; A filtration tank 10 for filtering phosphorus, insoluble and tacky suspended solids, and dissolved organic substances contained in the inflow water introduced from the floc forming tank 4 by using a filter medium capable of deep filtration; A treated water tank 5 into which the purified filtered water sent from the filtration tank 10 is introduced and stored; Phosphorus, insoluble and sticky suspended solids and dissolved organic substances discharged through the backwashing process from the filtration tank 10 are concentrated by introducing a concentrated phosphorus treatment device 6 configured to discharge the sludge to the outside and inflow water. Is purified with clean treated water.

At this time, the inlet water tank (2) or the reaction tank (3), the floc forming tank (4), the treatment water tank (5), and the condensing tank (6) of the total phosphorus treatment apparatus configured as described above, or the use thereof is the flow rate of the influent water The detailed description will be omitted because of the universally known configuration and action that the capacity varies depending on the degree of contamination.

However, the configuration and operation of the filtration tank 10 are significantly different and varied as necessary. In the present invention, the filtration tank 10 is composed of a gravity treatment apparatus 1 formed differently from a known configuration, and total filtration using the same. Through the method, it is introduced into the flocculant by the flocculation tank 4 to react with the soluble phosphorus and makes the floc easy to settle so that the precipitated inflow is introduced and filtered, thereby stably insoluble and sticky suspended solids and dissolved organic substances. It will be described in detail with reference to the drawings shown in Figures 2 to 11 to be able to be converted to clean treated water to be treated as follows.

That is, in the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the filter net 43 is formed at a predetermined distance from the bottom surface of the filter tank 10 in which the top is opened to form the filter net 43. ) To form a post-filtration space 12 in the lower portion of the filtering network 43, with a plurality of filter media on the top of the filtering network 43 to form a filtration layer portion 40, the pre-filtration space at the top of the filtration tank (10) An inlet pipe 13 for supplying the inflow water to the outlet 11 and a backwash discharge pipe 25 for discharging the backwash water from the pre-filtration space 11 to the outside of the filtration tank 10 are formed, and the outside of the post-filtration space 12 is externally formed. The air inlet pipe 30 for introducing the air of the air, the discharge pipe 14 for discharging the filtered filtrate water from the post-filtration space 12 to the outside of the filtration tank 10, and the backwash water flowing into the post-filtration space 12 Conventional gravitational gun including a backwash water inlet pipe (24) and a water level gauge (60) for sensing the water level in the pre-filtration space (11) In the filtering apparatus;

The lower end side of the filtration tank 10 is configured to include a separate lower drain pipe 70 in communication with the lower end of the post-filtration space 12, respectively.

First, the upper screen device 20 forms an inflow tank 22 through which an upper end is opened on the entire inner side of one side of the filtration tank 10 so that the end of the inflow pipe 13 flows in and is sealed in the other side. The lower center portion forms a discharge tank 23 in communication with the backwash discharge pipe 25, and the both ends of the distribution pipe 21 formed with a plurality of distribution holes 26 on the surface of the discharge tank 22 and the discharge tank Each of the tanks 23 is configured to communicate with each other, but the distribution pipes 21 are configured to have a plurality of intervals at the same height.

Thus, when the inflow water containing phosphorus insoluble and sticky suspended solids and dissolved organic substances is introduced into the inflow tank 22 through the inflow pipe 13 through the filtration tank 10, the inflow water introduced into the inflow tank 22 is introduced into the inflow tank ( In the structure that flows into the plurality of distribution pipes 21 in communication with 22 and naturally falls into the pre-filtration space 11 formed in the filtration tank 10 through the plurality of distribution holes 26 formed in the distribution pipe 21, A plurality of distribution pipes 21 are formed at regular intervals to be configured evenly on the open filtration tank 10 and a plurality of distribution holes 26 are formed in each of the distribution pipes 21, so that the upper portion of the pre-filtration space 11 It can be seen that the structure is evenly distributed in the free fall to the upper portion of the fibrous filter 50 to be maintained in the pre-filtration space 11 to be evenly distributed to increase the filtration rate while increasing the filtration efficiency.

At this time, the lower end portion of the inflow tank 22 to communicate with the distribution pipe 21 will be configured to be configured to be maintained in parallel from the inflow tank 22 to the discharge vessel 23 while being configured low.

In particular, the screening piece 27 is provided to extend in the longitudinal direction at the lower end of the inner diameter of the distribution pipe 21 to block the distribution hole 26 formed at the lower end of the distribution pipe 21 and the length of the screening piece 27. By maintaining a predetermined interval in the direction is provided with a plurality of blocking jaw 28, the inlet water flowing from the inlet tank 22 through the screening piece 27 and the blocking jaw 28 to the discharge tank 23 The distribution pipe 21 is maintained while maintaining a constant flow rate and flow rate so that the inflow water does not flow directly from the inflow tank 22 to the discharge tank 23 while being evenly distributed in the distribution pipe 21 to distribute the distribution hole 26. It can be seen that the important configuration that can be seen that the structure to increase the filtration efficiency to distribute the inflow water on the upper part of the fibrous filter 50 to be evenly distributed to the lower through the lower, and the upper end of the blocking jaw 28 The height is lower than the side height of the obstruction piece 27 It would be desirable. (See FIG. 9)

In addition, the configuration of the discharge tank 23 on the opposite side of the inlet tank 22 is configured so that the whole is sealed but the upper side is connected so as to communicate with a plurality of distribution pipes 21 and the lower end of the central portion is formed narrow to the bottom of the center The backwash discharge pipe 25 drawn out to the outside of the filtration tank 10 communicates with each other, so that the backwash water, which is backwashed during the backwashing operation and rises in the water, flows into the distribution hole 26 of the discharge pipe 14 and is collected into the discharge tank 23. It can be seen that the structure to be drained to the concentration tank 6 through the backwash discharge pipe (25). (See Fig. 9)

In addition, the filtration layer 40 is configured to filter the space of the filtration tank 11 by forming a filtration net 43 having a plurality of filters 41 and the filtration hole 42 in parallel to the center of a predetermined height of the filtration tank 11. It is to be divided into the front space 11 and the

post-filtration space

12, 50 to 70% of the effective depth of the filtrate (11) a plurality of fibrous filter material 50 in the pre-filtration space 11, the upper portion of the filtering network (43) A plurality of distributions are formed between the lattice tubes 45 by forming a lattice-shaped lattice tube 45 which is filled at a height of and maintained in parallel with the filtering network 43 at a height maintained by the upper end of the filled filtrate 50. It is the structure which forms the space 44. FIG.

At this time, the filter net 43 is preferably configured to maintain a predetermined interval so that the plurality of filter holes 42 and the plurality of filters 41 do not overlap each other in the area to maintain the same shape and size as the area of the filter tank (10). The filter hole 42 mainly maintains a function of allowing the compressed air in the backwash water to pass through the backwash water, while maintaining the function of generating fine air while uniformly dispersing the compressed air, while the filter 41 When the influent flows through the plurality of partitions 44 formed on the upper part of the filter 41, the fiber filter material 11 does not block the partition 44 of the filter 41 so as not to directly block the inflow path. Function to prevent the filtration rate from being reduced and the backwash water is dispersed in the divided space 44 of the filter 41 while the backwash water penetrates in the backwashing process, thereby increasing the fibrous filter material ( 50) to evenly rise to maintain the function to increase the backwash effect. (See FIG. 10)

In addition, the fiber filter material 50 embedded in the pre-filtering space 11 is arranged in a number of fine polyester fiber yarns of a predetermined length and then tied a central portion with a fixing ring so that the polyester fiber yarns are formed in one ball shape As the filter medium for purified water, in the state in which the ball-shaped fibrous filter material 50 is injected into the filter tank 10 in the required amount, a large number of voids are formed by the cilia of the fibrous filter material 50 closely bonded to each other. Since the inflow water flowing through the pipe 13 is sprayed evenly from the upper portion of the fiber filter material 50 through the distribution hole 26 of the distribution pipe 21 to absorb moisture from the ball-shaped fiber filter material 50 to be maintained at the top To increase the weight of the fiber to the fiber filter material (50) to maintain the lower gradually while compressing and repeat the water absorption and compression process as well as the fiber filter The filtrate of the ash 50 and the fibrous space in which the respective filtrates 50 are in close contact with each other are different, but when the inflow amount of the inflow water reaches a predetermined value, the fibrous filter material 50 will not be deformed (deformation of 50 will not occur), so Since it maintains an even filtration rate from the gravity filtration device (1) having a constant size of the filtration tank (10) can maintain the same amount of filtration without using a separate filtration pressure, the filtration linear velocity is maintained evenly compared to other filtration devices Therefore, the efficiency of removing insoluble and sticky suspended solids, including phosphorus contained in the influent, is more than 90%, and the filtering efficiency is very high. ), Detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.

The grid-like shape that is maintained in parallel with the filter network 43 at the height maintained by the upper end of the fibrous filter material 50 is filled in order to evenly distribute the fiber filter material 50 of the characteristics to be maintained as described above. The grid tube 45 is formed to form a plurality of distribution spaces 44 between the grid tube (45).

That is, the fibrous filter material 50 used in the present invention has a low specific gravity and thus easily moves in the flow direction of the inflow water according to the inflow of the inflow water. In this case, the phenomenon of being driven or agglomerated occurs, in which the filtration pipe 43 is distributed evenly on the upper end of the filter network 43 to form a filter layer. The fiber filtering material 50 can minimize the weight of the lattice tube 45 while being able to withstand the movement of the fiber filter material 50 in all directions as well as up, down, left and right, and the distribution space 44 formed by the lattice tube 45 is too much. It can be seen that it is a preferable configuration to form not wide or too narrow.

In addition, the air inlet pipe 30 is configured so that the main engine 31 is introduced into the center after the filtration space 12 from the outside in order to decrease the diameter, but on both sides of the main engine 31, a plurality of divided holes on the surface Forming (33) and by distributing a plurality of air dividing pipes 32, the diameter of which is reduced toward the end to maintain a predetermined interval to communicate with the main engine 31, the upper part of the filtering network 43 before backwashing It can be seen that the compressed air is evenly distributed over the entire lower end of the filter net 43 to the entire area of the filter net 43 so as to evenly scatter the fiber filter material 50 seated on.

That is, by configuring the main air engine 31 flowing into the center of the space 12 after the filtration sequentially decreases in diameter based on the place where the main air engine 31 flows from the outside, the compressed air flowing through the main air engine 31 is sequentially narrowed. Due to the pressure generated by the main engine 31, the ground easily flows into the air split pipe 32 configured at both sides of the main pipe 31 so that the amount of compressed air can be uniformly maintained in the plurality of air split pipes 32. It becomes a structure to do.

In particular, the split hole 33 formed on the surface of the air split pipe 32 is formed on the lower end side of the air split pipe 32 so that the air discharged through the air split pipe 32 rises to a larger space It would be desirable to be able to diffuse and spread to.

Due to the total filtration apparatus of the present invention configured as described above, it can be seen that the filtration operation and the backwashing operation are very high in the filtration efficiency and the backwashing efficiency with a small capacity total filtration apparatus.

First, the inflow water introduced through the inflow pipe 13 in the state in which the discharge pipe 14 is opened flows into the inflow tank 22 and flows into the plurality of distribution pipes 21 by gravity, thereby providing a plurality of distribution holes 26. It is dispersed through) and freely falls on the upper portion of the fiber filter material 50 and passes through the filtration layer part 40, so that the insoluble and cohesive phosphorus compound and insoluble and sticky suspended matter contained in the inflow water are adsorbed onto the fiber filter material 50. 50) proceeds to the filtration step 100 to convert the phosphorus and suspended solids to the filtered water to be discharged to the discharge pipe (14) (see Figure 4).

At this time, in the state in which the ball-shaped fiber filter material 50 made of polyester fiber yarn is injected in the required amount in the filtration tank 10, a number of blanks are formed by the cilia in close contact with each other in the structural structure of the fiber filter material 50, Since the inflow water flowing through the inlet pipe 13 is sprayed evenly from the top of the fiber filter material 50 through the distribution holes 26 of the plurality of distribution pipes 21 from the ball-shaped fiber filter material 50 to be maintained at the top While absorbing moisture and increasing its own weight, the fiber filter 50, which is gradually compressed while maintaining the lower portion of the fiber filter material, repeats the process of absorbing and compressing the water. As the fiber filter material 50 is in close contact with each other, the space is reduced.

That is, since the pressure of the injected influent is maintained only by gravity so that no further deformation of the fibrous filter 50 occurs, not only the filtration amount is constant but also the filtration linear velocity of the gravity filtration device 1 having the filtration tank 10 of constant size. Is maintained evenly and the efficiency of removing insoluble and sticky suspended matter contained in the influent is more than 90%, indicating that the filtration efficiency is quite high.

As described above, the influent is changed into the filtered water through the filtration step 100, and the filtration line speed is generally lowered due to the insoluble and sticky suspended solids, including phosphorus adsorbed to the filtrate 50, by the filtration process. Since the inflow of the inflow water flowing into the inflow pipe 13 is greater than the discharge of the filtered water flowing out through the discharge pipe 14, the surface of the inflow water flowing into the pre-filtration space 11 is increased.

At this time, when the height rises by the height set in the water level gauge 60 provided in the filtration tank 10, the discharge pipe 14 and the inlet pipe 13 are sealed to stop the filtration process, and then the air inlet pipe 30 is opened to the outside. Compressed air generated in the inflow through the main engine 31 is divided into a plurality of air dividing pipe 32 is discharged through the split hole 33 is a plurality of filters 41 and filtration formed in the filter network 43 The filter medium support step 200 to support the fiber filter material 50 through the hole 42 is carried out. (See Fig. 5).

That is, only pure compressed air is introduced through the air inlet pipe 30 and distributed evenly into the post-filtration space 12 to the pre-filtration space 11 through the filter 41 and the filtration hole 42 of the filter network 43. The entire fiber filter material 50, which is evenly distributed and scattered and held and compressed by the hydraulic pressure on the upper part of the filter network 43, is floated inside the pre-filtering space 11 and simultaneously separated from each other to be expanded to its original shape. (50) A process of separating insoluble and sticky suspended matter adsorbed on a surface into micro air bubbles.

The support step 200 is made of pure air without washing water to separate the insoluble and sticky suspended solids, including phosphorus adsorbed on the surface to fine air bubbles while returning the filtrate 50 to its original shape. It can be seen that it is a very useful work step that can save a lot of backwash time and backwash amount for backwashing.

In addition, through the filter medium support step 200, the filtrate 50 is evenly distributed and distributed in the pre-filtering space 11 to open the backwashing inlet tube 24 so that the backwashing water is the same as the compressed air (compressed air) 43. The backwashing water containing a plurality of fine air bubbles generated as it is uniformly dispersed and introduced into the pre-filtration space 11 through the plurality of filters 41 and the filtration holes 42 formed in the fiber filter material 50 ) The phosphorus and the insoluble and sticky suspended matter adsorbed on the surface is separated into fine air droplets and then introduced into the distribution pipe 21 through the plurality of distribution holes 26 and then combined with the discharge tank 23 to form the backwash discharge pipe 25. Proceed with the backwashing step 300 to discharge through (see Figure 6).

That is, the surface of the prefiltration space 11 is supplied by supplying backwash water in a state in which the phosphorus, insoluble and sticky suspended matter adsorbed on the surface of the prefiltration medium 11 through the filter medium support step 200 are separated into fine air bubbles. Phosphorus, insoluble and sticky suspended solids floating on the upper surface of the water as the rise is distributed through the distribution holes 26 formed in the plurality of distribution pipes 21 configured in the upper screen device 20 configured above the pre-filtering space 11. 21 is introduced into the discharge tank 23 is discharged to the concentration tank (6) through the backwash discharge pipe (25).

At this time, the ratio of the backwash water and the compressed air introduced at a pressure of 0.5-1 kg / cm2 through the backwash inlet pipe 24 and the air inlet pipe 30 is 30 (backwash water): 70 (compressed air). To be raised while flying upward from the post-filtration space 12 configured at the lower part of the filtration tank 10 to be dispersed uniformly into the plurality of filtration holes 42 and the filter 41 provided in the filtration network 43. And the backwash water containing a plurality of fine air bubbles generated as it is introduced into the pre-filtration space 11 while passing therethrough, rises in the pre-filtration space 11 and the entire filtrate 50 in the pre-filtration space 11. Only the backwash water containing phosphorus, insoluble and sticky suspended solids is introduced into the distribution pipe 21 so that it can be simultaneously introduced into the distribution holes 26 formed in the plurality of distribution pipes 21 while being separated from each other at the same time. Fiber filter material of composition that is much larger than area of (26) 50 can be seen that the structure to prevent structural loss of the fiber filter material 50 due to the backwashing step 300 so as not to be separated from the pre-filtering space (11).

Finally, when the backwashing step 300 is completed, the backwashing inlet pipe 24 is sealed, and the lower drainage pipe 70 is opened to contain solids and insoluble and sticky floating matters remaining in the filtration tank 10 as well as phosphorus. While discharging the wash water through the lower drainage pipe 70, the filtrate 50 is sequentially seated from the upper end to the lower end of the discharge of backwashing water, and then shrinks and adheres to each other at the same time due to its own weight. To proceed to the backwash water discharge step 400 to complete the total filtration method using a gravity filtration device having a backwashing function of the present invention.

That is, if the backwashing inlet pipe 24 is sealed and the lower drainage pipe 70 is opened, the backwashing water is completely discharged to the post-filtration space 12 configured at the lower end of the filtration tank 10 through the lower drainage pipe 70, 11) The fibrous filter material 50, which floats and moves due to the backwashing water containing fine air, is sequentially seated from the upper end to the lower end of the pre-filtering space 11 where the backwashing water disappears due to its own weight of water. The natural shrinkage is completed at the upper end of the filter network 43 is composed of the filtration tank 10 while being in close contact with each other at the same time to complete the backwash water discharge step 400 while remaining in the filtration tank 10 and insoluble and sticky suspended solids It can be seen that the way to completely remove the.

At this time, by the lattice tube 45 is composed of a plurality of fibrous filter material 50 in the lattice shape in the flotation step 200 and the backwashing step 300 to the upper portion of the pre-filtering space 11 at the upper end of the filter network 43. Evenly distributed, and in the backwash water discharge step 400 is maintained in the upper portion before the filtration space 11 together with the backwash water discharged to a plurality of distribution spaces 44 maintaining the same area formed by the lattice pipe 45 It can be seen that a plurality of fibrous filter material 50 is evenly distributed and has a function to be sequentially seated on the upper end of the filtering network 43.

The gravity filtration device of the present invention configured and acts as described above and the total filtration method using the same include the above-described filtration step 100 and the filter medium support step 200, the backwashing step 300, and the backwash water discharge step 400. Filtration step of the sequential filtration method to ensure that the backwashing operation of the water with high efficiency is repeatedly performed to omit the filter medium support step 200, if necessary, the filtration step 100 and backwashing step 300 and backwash water discharge Although only step 400 may be performed sequentially, it may be desirable to go through all the processes in an efficient manner.

At this time, the signals of the various sensors and switches for operating the pump (not shown) and the valve used in the present invention are to be automatically and continuously progressed through an electrical / electronic control system. Since a control method that can be used in general is used to provide a separate control device, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. (Not shown)

The gravity filtration device of the present invention configured and operated as described above and the total filtration method using the same improve the blockage phenomenon and the backwashing efficiency of the filtration tank in the filtration process, so that the backwash water and the backwashing time are reduced even through the small volume of the filtration tank with less power. To reduce the cost of installation, repair, maintenance and maintenance, as well as reduce installation and maintenance costs, resulting in fast and efficient filtration and backwash. It is an invention that can be usefully applied in the treatment of total phosphorus and suspended solids of sewage effluent, because there are many expected things that can be easily used for a long time by installing in a narrow space.

Claims

A space before filtration 11 and a lower filtration space 12 are formed in the upper portion of the filtering network 43 configured to be spaced apart by a predetermined distance from the bottom surface of the filtration tank 10 in which the upper portion is opened, and the filtration space 12 In the gravity filter comprising a discharge pipe (14), and the backwash water inlet pipe (24) in the;

The upper part of the inner side of the upper side of the filtration tank 10 is opened to form an inlet tank 22 through which the end of the inlet tube 13 flows in and is sealed to the entire side of the other side so that the lower center portion communicates with the backwash discharge tube 25. Forming the discharge vessel 23 to form a plurality of distribution holes 26 on the surface, extending in the longitudinal direction at the lower end of the inner diameter to block the distribution holes 26 formed in the lower end of the distribution pipe 21 The inlet tank 22 and the discharge ends of both side ends of the distribution pipe 21, which are provided with a shielding piece 27 and maintain a constant interval in the longitudinal direction of the shielding piece 27, are provided with a plurality of blocking jaw 28. An upper screen device 20 configured to be connected to each of the tanks 23 to communicate with each other, but having a plurality of distribution pipes 21 having the same height at a predetermined interval;

The main engine 31 which communicates with the outside at one inner lower side of the filtration tank 10 is configured such that the main engine 31 which is introduced into the center of the space 12 after filtration from the outside is gradually reduced in diameter, but the main engine 31 On both sides, the air is formed to communicate with the main engine 31 by distributing a plurality of dividing holes 33 on the surface and distributing a plurality of air dividing pipes 32 whose diameter decreases toward the ends so as to maintain a constant interval. An inlet pipe 30;

50% of the effective depth of the filtration tank by placing the plurality of filtrates 50 on the upper part of the filtering network 43 having the plurality of filters 41 and the filtration holes 42 in the pre-filtration space 11 of the upper portion of the air inlet pipe 30. And a lattice-shaped lattice tube 45 to be maintained in parallel with the filtering network 43 at a height maintained by the upper end of the filled filtrate 50, the lattice tube 45 A filtration layer part 40 configured to form a plurality of distribution spaces 44 therebetween;

Gravity filtration device, characterized in that it comprises a separate lower drain pipe (70) in communication with the lower end of the post-filtration space (12) on one side of the lower end of the filtration tank (10).
The inflow water introduced through the inflow pipe 13 in the state in which the discharge pipe 14 is opened flows into the plurality of distribution pipes 21 by gravity after being introduced into the inflow tank 22 and then the distribution holes 26 formed at the lower portion 26. While maintaining a constant interval in the longitudinal direction of the screening piece 27 to prevent the () to sequentially proceed through the plurality of blocking jaw 28, evenly distributed through the plurality of distribution holes 26, freely falling, lattice tube Phosphorus compound and insoluble in the coagulated and precipitated insoluble in the inflow water because it is evenly flowed through the upper portion of the upper surface of the fibrous filter material 50 to be evenly distributed in the plurality of distribution spaces 44 between the (45) And a filtration step 100 to allow the sticky suspended matter to be adsorbed onto the fibrous filter 50 so as to be converted into filtered water from which phosphorus and suspended solids are removed by the fibrous filter 50 and discharged to the discharge pipe 14.

Due to the continuous operation of the filtration step 100, various suspended solids, including phosphorous, are adsorbed on the filtrate 50, and thus the inflow rate of the inflow water passes through the filtration layer portion 40 is slowed down. When the inflow amount is set to the set height, the exhaust pipe 14 and the inlet pipe 13 are sealed, and the filtration process is stopped, and then the air inlet pipe 30 is opened to introduce the compressed air generated from the outside through the main air engine 31. To form a plurality of dividing holes 33 on the surface and is divided into a plurality of air dividing pipes 32 whose diameter decreases toward the ends thereof and is discharged through the dividing holes 33 to form a plurality of filters configured in the filtering network 43 ( 41) and a filter medium support step 200 to support the fiber filter material 50 through the filter hole 42;

In the state in which the filtrate 50 is uniformly diffused and distributed in the pre-filtration space 11 through the filter medium support step 200, the backwashing inlet tube 24 is opened so that the backwashing water is compressed into the filtering network 43 like compressed air. The backwash water containing a plurality of fine air bubbles generated by being uniformly dispersed and introduced into the pre-filtration space 11 through the plurality of filters 41 and the filtration holes 42 configured on the surface of the fibrous filter 50 After separating the adsorbed phosphorus, insoluble and sticky suspended solids into fine air bubbles, the adsorbed phosphorus and the insoluble and sticky suspension are introduced into the distribution pipe 21 through the plurality of distribution holes 26 and then combined into the discharge tank 23 to be discharged through the backwash discharge pipe 25. A backwashing step 300;

When the backwashing step is completed, the backwashing inlet pipe 24 is closed, and the lower drainage pipe 70 is opened to allow the backwashing water containing the solids and insoluble and sticky floating matter remaining in the filtration tank 10 to contain phosphorus as well as the lower drainage pipe ( At the same time as the discharge through the 70), the filtrate 50 is seated sequentially from the upper end to the lower end of the filtration tank 10, the discharge of the backwash water is completed, the lattice-shaped lattice tube (parallel to the filter net 43) ( The back-washing water discharging step of being distributed evenly on the lower end of the filtration tank 10 by a plurality of distribution spaces 44 formed between the seats to be in close contact with each other at the same time due to the weight of its own water ( Total filtration method using a gravity filtration device, characterized in that to proceed sequentially 400).