WO2016133006A1 - クリーニングブレード - Google Patents
クリーニングブレード Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016133006A1 WO2016133006A1 PCT/JP2016/054056 JP2016054056W WO2016133006A1 WO 2016133006 A1 WO2016133006 A1 WO 2016133006A1 JP 2016054056 W JP2016054056 W JP 2016054056W WO 2016133006 A1 WO2016133006 A1 WO 2016133006A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- surface treatment
- polyol
- elastic body
- cleaning blade
- bifunctional
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
- G03G21/0005—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge for removing solid developer or debris from the electrographic recording medium
- G03G21/0011—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge for removing solid developer or debris from the electrographic recording medium using a blade; Details of cleaning blades, e.g. blade shape, layer forming
- G03G21/0017—Details relating to the internal structure or chemical composition of the blades
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
- G03G15/14—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base
- G03G15/16—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer
- G03G15/1605—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer using at least one intermediate support
- G03G15/161—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for transferring a pattern to a second base of a toner pattern, e.g. a powder pattern, e.g. magnetic transfer using at least one intermediate support with means for handling the intermediate support, e.g. heating, cleaning, coating with a transfer agent
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G2215/00—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
- G03G2215/08—Details of powder developing device not concerning the development directly
- G03G2215/0802—Arrangements for agitating or circulating developer material
- G03G2215/0805—Cleaning blade adjacent to the donor member
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cleaning blade used in an image forming apparatus such as an electrophotographic copying machine and printer, or a toner jet copying machine and printer.
- an electrophotographic process at least cleaning, charging, exposure, development, and transfer processes are performed on an electrophotographic photosensitive member.
- a cleaning blade for removing and cleaning toner remaining on the surface of an electrostatic latent image carrier such as a photoconductor is used.
- the cleaning blade is manufactured mainly from a thermosetting polyurethane elastomer from the viewpoint of plastic deformation and wear resistance.
- Patent Document 4 if the hardness of the contact portion is made sufficiently high, the amount of impregnation is inevitably increased. As a result, the flexibility in the vicinity of the contact portion is impaired, and the contact portion is distorted. Or the surface of the contact portion is coated with the rest of the processing liquid, so that there is a problem that it is necessary to cut or wipe off after processing. In addition, there is a problem that processing stability is lacking.
- the present invention effectively improves the hardness of only the surface while maintaining the flexibility of the entire blade, eliminates the formation of a coating layer that can be formed on the surface, and provides good cleaning properties over a long period of time.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning blade capable of ensuring the above.
- An aspect of the present invention that solves the above problem is a cleaning blade that has an elastic body made of a urethane elastomer, and has at least a surface treatment layer in a portion that comes into contact with the contacted body of the elastic body.
- a surface treatment solution containing a bifunctional isocyanate compound, at least one polyol selected from a bifunctional polyol and a trifunctional polyol, and an organic solvent, or the bifunctional isocyanate compound, the bifunctional polyol, and the trifunctional polyol A surface treatment liquid containing an isocyanate group-containing compound having an isocyanate group at the terminal and an organic solvent, which is a reaction product of at least one polyol selected from Formed on the surface of the surface treatment layer, and the surface of the surface treatment layer The difference between the nitrogen concentration at the position of 0.5mm towards the interior of the Luo thickness direction, is in the cleaning blade, characterized in that 0.02 to 0.15 mass%.
- the thickness of the surface treatment layer is preferably 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the bifunctional isocyanate compound of the surface treatment liquid preferably has a molecular weight of 200 or more and 300 or less, and the bifunctional polyol and trifunctional polyol of the surface treatment liquid preferably have a molecular weight of 150 or less.
- the ratio of the isocyanate group contained in the bifunctional isocyanate compound of the surface treatment liquid to the hydroxyl group contained in at least one selected from the bifunctional polyol and the trifunctional polyol (NCO group / OH group) Is preferably 1.0 or more and 1.5 or less.
- the surface treatment liquid contains the bifunctional polyol and the trifunctional polyol, and the ratio of the number of functional groups between the bifunctional polyol and the trifunctional polyol (the number of bifunctional functional groups / the number of trifunctional functional groups) is 50/50 to 95/5 is preferable.
- the present invention while maintaining the flexibility of the entire blade, only the surface is efficiently hardened, the formation of a coating layer that can be formed on the surface is eliminated, and good cleaning properties can be secured over a long period of time. Can be realized.
- the cleaning blade 1 includes an elastic body 10 and a support member 20, and the elastic body 10 and the support member 20 are joined via an adhesive (not shown).
- the elastic body 10 is made of a urethane elastomer molded body.
- the surface treatment layer 11 is formed in the surface layer part.
- the surface treatment layer 11 is formed by impregnating the surface layer portion of the elastic body 10 with a surface treatment liquid and curing.
- the surface treatment layer 11 only needs to be formed at the contact portion of the elastic body 10 with the object to be cleaned, but in this embodiment, the surface treatment layer 11 is formed on the entire surface layer portion of the end surface of the elastic body 10. ing.
- only the elastic body 10 that does not have the support member 20 is also called a cleaning blade.
- the surface treatment layer 11 is a surface treatment liquid containing a bifunctional isocyanate compound, at least one polyol selected from a bifunctional polyol and a trifunctional polyol, and an organic solvent, or the bifunctional isocyanate compound and the bifunctional polyol. And a surface treatment solution containing an organic solvent and an isocyanate group-containing compound which is a reaction product of at least one polyol selected from the trifunctional polyols and which has an isocyanate group at its terminal.
- the surface treatment liquid reacts efficiently with the elastic body 10 to form a high cross-linking density structure, so that curing is promoted even when the amount of impregnation is low as compared with the case of the isocyanate compound carrier.
- the surface hardness can be sufficiently increased without increasing the amount of the surface treatment liquid impregnated. That is, the concentration of nitrogen contained in the surface of the surface treatment layer 11 and the position of 0.5 mm from the surface of the surface treatment layer 11 toward the inside in the thickness direction, that is, the surface treatment is not performed, and the nitrogen in the elastic body 10 itself
- the difference from the concentration is 0.02 to 0.15% by mass. Such a difference in concentration is small compared to the case where the surface treatment is performed with a surface treatment liquid containing a normal isocyanate compound, but the hardness of the surface treatment layer 11 is sufficient.
- the surface treatment layer 11 is formed such that the concentration of nitrogen contained in the surface gradually decreases from the surface toward the inside in the thickness direction.
- the surface treatment layer 11 uses a surface treatment liquid having the above-described composition. Therefore, even if the concentration is relatively low, sufficient hardness is ensured.
- the formation part of the surface treatment layer 11 of the elastic body 10 may include at least a part in contact with the contacted body. Since the contact portion with the contacted body is one of the corner portions 10b and 10c on both sides in the width direction of the end surface 10a of the elastic body 10, the surface treatment liquid is impregnated inward from the end surface 10a in parallel with the end surface 10a. Alternatively, the surface treatment liquid may be impregnated in parallel inward from the side surface 10d or 10e including the corner 10b or 10c to be used, and the surface treatment liquid may be impregnated inward from the corner 10b or 10c. It may be impregnated. In the present embodiment, the surface treatment layer 11 is formed inward from the end face 10a.
- the position of 0.5 mm from the surface of the surface treatment layer 11 toward the inside in the thickness direction varies depending on the method of forming the surface treatment layer 11, but in the present embodiment, the position of 0.5 mm from the end surface 10 a. It becomes.
- the elastic body 10 may be cut into a blade shape.
- the surface treatment layer 11 is preferably provided on the surface layer portion of the elastic body 10 so as to have a thickness of 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m. Is sufficiently secured. If the thickness of the surface treatment layer 11 is less than 10 ⁇ m, the surface is not sufficiently hardened or reduced in wear due to the impregnation of the surface treatment liquid, and the torque of the contacted body such as the photoreceptor and the cleaning blade increases. . On the other hand, when the thickness of the surface treatment layer 11 is greater than 100 ⁇ m, the flexibility of the entire cleaning blade is impaired, and the toner slips through the blade due to wear or chipping, resulting in poor cleaning.
- the thickness of the surface treatment layer 11 is optimally in the range of 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the surface treatment layer 11 by forming the surface treatment layer 11 with a low impregnation amount, a cleaning blade capable of ensuring good cleaning properties can be obtained. Furthermore, since the surface treatment layer 11 according to the present invention is formed with a very thin thickness, formation of a coating layer on the surface of the elastic body 10 due to the remaining surface treatment liquid is prevented. Thereby, in the manufacturing process of the elastic body 10, the removal process of an application layer, for example, an application layer wiping operation
- the surface treatment liquid for forming the surface treatment layer 11 is, as described above, a mixed solution containing a bifunctional isocyanate compound, at least one selected from a bifunctional polyol and a trifunctional polyol, and an organic solvent, or A reaction product of a bifunctional isocyanate compound and at least one selected from a bifunctional polyol and a trifunctional polyol, containing an isocyanate group-containing compound having an isocyanate group at the end (that is, a prepolymer), and an organic solvent A mixed solution is used.
- These surface treatment liquids are appropriately selected in consideration of wettability to the elastic body 10, the degree of immersion, and the life of the surface treatment liquid.
- Bifunctional isocyanate compounds include 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), 4,4'-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (H-MDI), trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate (TMHDI), tolylene diisocyanate ( TDI), carbodiimide-modified MDI, polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate, 3,3-dimethyldiphenyl-4,4′-diisocyanate (TODI), naphthylene diisocyanate (NDI), xylene diisocyanate (XDI), lysine diisocyanate methyl ester (LDI) ), Dimethyl diisocyanate, and their multimers and modified products.
- MDI 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- IPDI isophorone diisocyanate
- H-MDI 4,4'-dic
- bifunctional isocyanate compounds those having a molecular weight of 200 or more and 300 or less are preferably used.
- 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and 3,3-dimethyldiphenyl-4,4′-diisocyanate (TODI) can be mentioned.
- a reaction with at least one selected from a bifunctional polyol and a trifunctional polyol, which will be described later proceeds stably, and the surface layer portion of the elastic body 10 is short-time. Can be impregnated with the surface treatment solution.
- the bifunctional isocyanate compound has a high affinity with the urethane elastomer constituting the elastic body 10 and can enhance the integration by bonding the surface treatment layer 11 and the elastic body 10.
- a trifunctional isocyanate compound when a trifunctional isocyanate compound is used, the reactivity between the trifunctional polyol and polyurethane becomes too high, and gelation of the surface treatment liquid occurs.
- the bifunctional isocyanate compound which can react with a bifunctional polyol and a trifunctional polyol stably is used as an isocyanate compound.
- bifunctional polyol examples include ethylene glycol (EG), diethylene glycol (DEG), propylene glycol (PG), 1,3-propanediol (PDO), 1,4-butanediol (BD), and 1,4-hexane.
- Diol (HD) etc. are mentioned.
- the bifunctional polyols those having a molecular weight of 150 or less are preferably used.
- 1,3-propanediol (PDO) and 1,4-butanediol (BD) can be mentioned.
- trifunctional polyols examples include trifunctional aliphatic polyols such as glycerin, 1,2,4-butanetriol, trimethylolethane (TME), trimethylolpropane (TMP), 1,2,6-hexanetriol, and trifunctional fats.
- TME trimethylolethane
- TMP trimethylolpropane
- trifunctional fats examples include polyether triols obtained by adding ethylene oxide, butylene oxide and the like to the aliphatic polyol, and polyester triols obtained by adding lactone and the like to the trifunctional aliphatic polyol.
- the trifunctional polyols those having a molecular weight of 150 or less are preferably used.
- trimethylolethane (TME) and trimethylolpropane (TMP) are mentioned.
- the bifunctional polyol and the trifunctional polyol are both contained in the surface treatment liquid. Furthermore, the ratio of the functional groups of the bifunctional polyol and the trifunctional polyol (the number of functional groups of bifunctional / The number of trifunctional functional groups) is preferably 50/50 to 95/5. Thereby, reaction with isocyanate can be accelerated
- the ratio (NCO group / OH group) of the isocyanate group contained in the bifunctional isocyanate compound and the hydroxyl group contained in at least one selected from the bifunctional polyol and the trifunctional polyol is 1.0 or more and 1 .5 or less is preferable. If the ratio of isocyanate group to hydroxyl group (NCO group / OH group) is less than 1.0, unreacted bifunctional polyol or trifunctional polyol remains and causes whitening and softening. On the other hand, when the ratio is larger than 1.5, unreacted isocyanate remains and causes browning.
- the organic solvent is not particularly limited as long as it dissolves an isocyanate compound, a bifunctional polyol, and a trifunctional polyol, but an organic solvent that does not have active hydrogen capable of reacting with the isocyanate compound is preferably used.
- an organic solvent that does not have active hydrogen capable of reacting with the isocyanate compound is preferably used.
- MEK methyl ethyl ketone
- MIBK methyl isobutyl ketone
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- acetone ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, toluene, xylene and the like in which the urethane base material swells.
- organic solvents are appropriately selected depending on the degree of swelling of the elastic body 10, and preferably methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), acetone, or ethyl acetate is used.
- MEK methyl ethyl ketone
- the elastic body 10 is made of a urethane elastomer.
- the urethane elastomer include those mainly composed of at least one selected from aliphatic polyether, polyester and polycarbonate.
- the main component is a polyol containing at least one selected from these aliphatic polyethers, polyesters and polycarbonates, which can be bonded by a urethane bond, preferably a polyether-based polyurethane, Examples thereof include polyester-based polyurethane and polycarbonate-based polyurethane.
- Such a urethane elastomer preferably has an Asker A hardness of 70 or less.
- affinity with a bifunctional isocyanate compound can be improved more, and integration by the coupling
- an elastic body bonded by a polyamide bond or an ester bond instead of a urethane bond.
- thermoplastic elastomers such as polyether amide and polyether ester can also be used.
- the hardness of such an elastic body is preferably 70 or less on Shore A.
- the surface treatment layer 11 is formed by impregnating and hardening the surface layer portion of the elastic body 10 with the surface treatment liquid.
- the method for impregnating the surface treatment liquid into the surface layer portion of the elastic body 10 and curing is not particularly limited.
- a method in which the elastic body 10 is immersed in a surface treatment liquid and then heated, or a method in which the surface treatment liquid is applied to the surface of the elastic body 10 by spray coating or the like and impregnated, and then heated is exemplified.
- the method to heat is not limited, For example, heat processing, forced drying, natural drying, etc. are mentioned.
- the surface treatment layer 11 is formed on the surface layer portion of the elastic body 10.
- the isocyanate compound and these polyols react to be prepolymerized and cured, and the isocyanate group reacts with the elastic body 10 to proceed.
- the isocyanate compound in the surface treatment liquid is reacted in advance with a bifunctional polyol or a trifunctional polyol under predetermined requirements, and the surface treatment liquid is pretreated with an isocyanate group at the end.
- a polymer The formation of the surface treatment layer 11 proceeds by impregnating the surface treatment liquid into the surface layer portion of the elastic body 10 and then curing the isocyanate group reacting with the elastic body 10.
- Such prepolymerization of an isocyanate compound and a bifunctional polyol or a trifunctional polyol may occur while the surface treatment liquid is impregnated in the surface layer portion of the elastic body 10, and how much reaction is performed.
- reaction temperature Preferably, it is carried out at a temperature of the surface treatment solution of 5 ° C. to 35 ° C. and a humidity of 20% to 70%.
- a crosslinking agent, a catalyst, a curing agent, and the like are added to the surface treatment liquid as necessary.
- a mixed solution of an isocyanate compound, at least one selected from a bifunctional polyol and a trifunctional polyol and an organic solvent, or a surface treatment liquid comprising a prepolymer obtained by reacting these in advance is elastic.
- the difference between the nitrogen concentration contained in the surface of the surface treatment layer and the nitrogen concentration at a position of 0.5 mm from the surface of the surface treatment layer toward the inside in the thickness direction is 0.
- a cleaning blade having a surface treatment layer of 02 to 0.15% by mass the entire surface is hardened without impairing the overall flexibility, and good cleaning properties over a long period of time. It is highly reliable that can be secured.
- the surface treatment layer is formed to be extremely thin, there is no formation of the coating layer on the surface of the elastic body in the manufacturing process of the cleaning blade, and the coating layer removing step is not necessary.
- a cleaning blade (Examples 1 to 6, Comparative Examples 1 and 2) in which the surface layer of the urethane elastic body was surface-treated using a surface treatment liquid containing at least one selected from a bifunctional polyol and a trifunctional polyol, Cleaning blades (Comparative Examples 3 to 5) that were surface-treated with a surface treatment liquid that did not contain, and cleaning blades that were not subjected to surface treatment (Comparative Examples 7 and 8) were prepared by the following procedure.
- Example 1 Production of urethane elastic body
- a caprolactone-based polyol molecular weight 2000
- 38 parts by mass of 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) as an isocyanate compound 115 ° C. for 20 minutes and then 1,4-butane as a crosslinking agent 6.1 parts by mass of diol and 2.6 parts by mass of trimethylolpropane were mixed and cured by heating in a mold kept at 140 ° C. for 40 minutes. After molding, it was cut into a width of 12.3 mm, a thickness of 2.0 mm, and a length of 324 mm to obtain a urethane elastic body.
- MDI 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- Bifunctional isocyanate compound MDI manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd., molecular weight 250.25
- trifunctional polyol TMP manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd., molecular weight 134.17
- MEK methyl ethyl ketone
- the surface layer portion has a surface treatment layer having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m, the nitrogen concentration contained in the surface of the surface treatment layer, and the nitrogen concentration at a position of 0.5 mm from the surface of the surface treatment layer toward the inside in the thickness direction.
- a cleaning blade having a difference in nitrogen concentration between the surface treatment layer and the nitrogen concentration in the surface treatment layer of 0.05% by mass was obtained.
- the thickness of the surface treatment layer was measured by the following method according to JIS Z2255 and ISO14577 using a dynamic ultra-micro hardness meter manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. First, the surface hardness of the urethane elastic body is measured, then the cross section of the surface-treated urethane elastic body is cut out, the hardness change from the surface layer of the cross section toward the inside of the urethane elastic body is measured, and the hardness at a distance of 10 ⁇ m from the surface layer The distance where the amount of change was 30% or less was measured, and the distance from the surface layer to the distance was defined as the thickness of the surface treatment layer.
- the measurement of the nitrogen concentration difference between the surface and the inside (cut at a position of 0.5 mm) of the surface treatment layer was performed using EPMA JXA-8100 manufactured by JEOL.
- Example 2 (Production of urethane elastic body) A urethane elastic body was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1.
- Example 3 (Production of urethane elastic body) A urethane elastic body was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1.
- Example 4 (Production of urethane elastic body) A urethane elastic body was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1.
- a bifunctional polyol 1,3-propanediol (PDO) (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., molecular weight 76.09) and a trifunctional polyol TMP (manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd., molecular weight 134.17) were mixed.
- a surface treatment solution was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 1 except for the above.
- the ratio (NCO group / OH group) of the isocyanate group contained in the bifunctional isocyanate compound and the hydroxyl group contained in the bifunctional polyol and the trifunctional polyol is mixed so as to be 1.2, and the concentration is 10 mass.
- % Surface treatment solution was prepared.
- the ratio of the number of functional groups between the bifunctional polyol and the trifunctional polyol (the number of bifunctional functional groups / the number of trifunctional functional groups) was 40/60.
- Example 5 (Production of urethane elastic body) A urethane elastic body was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1.
- a bifunctional polyol 1,3-propanediol (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., molecular weight 76.09) and a trifunctional polyol TMP (manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd., molecular weight 134.17) are mixed.
- a surface treatment solution was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 4 except that the ratio of the number of functional groups between the bifunctional polyol and the trifunctional polyol (number of bifunctional functional groups / number of trifunctional functional groups) was 85/15. .
- Example 6 (Production of urethane elastic body) A urethane elastic body was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1.
- a surface treatment solution was prepared in the same manner as in Example 4 except that bifunctional polyol 1,3-propanediol (PDO) (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., molecular weight: 76.09) was mixed as the polyol.
- PDO polyol 1,3-propanediol
- a surface treatment solution was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 2 except that the concentration was 30% by mass.
- a surface treatment solution was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 2.
- a surface treatment solution was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 2 except that the polyol was not contained and the concentration was 20% by mass.
- a surface treatment solution was prepared in the same procedure as in Example 2 except that no trifunctional polyol was contained.
- Example 5 A urethane elastic body was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1. The urethane elastic body was not subjected to surface treatment, and the urethane elastic body was bonded to the support member to form a cleaning blade.
- the cleaning blade according to the present invention is suitable for use in cleaning blades, conductive rolls, transfer belts, and the like used in image forming apparatuses such as electrophotographic copying machines and printers, or toner jet copying machines and printers. It can also be used for other purposes. Examples of other applications include rubber parts such as seal parts, industrial rubber hoses, industrial rubber belts, wipers, automobile weather strips, and glass runs.
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Abstract
Description
図1に示すように、クリーニングブレード1は、弾性体10と支持部材20とを備えており、弾性体10と支持部材20とは図示されない接着剤を介して接合されている。弾性体10は、ウレタンエラストマーの成形体からなる。弾性体10は、その表層部に表面処理層11が形成されている。表面処理層11は、弾性体10の表層部に表面処理液を含浸させ硬化することにより形成されたものである。表面処理層11は、弾性体10のクリーニング対象との当接部に形成されていればよいが、本実施形態では、弾性体10の端面の表面全体の表層部に表面処理層11を形成している。なお、本明細書では、支持部材20を有さない弾性体10のみでもクリーニングブレードという。
(ウレタン弾性体の作製)
ポリオールとしてカプロラクトン系ポリオール(分子量2000)100質量部と、イソシアネート化合物として4,4′-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)38質量部とを115℃×20分間反応させた後、架橋剤として1,4-ブタンジオール6.1質量部およびトリメチロールプロパン2.6質量部を混合し、140℃に保った金型で40分間加熱硬化させた。成形後、幅12.3mm、厚さ2.0mm、長さ324mmに切断加工しウレタン弾性体とした。
イソシアネート化合物として2官能イソシアネート化合物MDI(日本ポリウレタン工業(株)製、分子量250.25)と、ポリオールとして3官能ポリオールTMP(日本ポリウレタン工業(株)製、分子量134.17)と、メチルエチルケトン(MEK)とを、イソシアネート基と水酸基との比率(NCO基/OH基)が1.0となるように混合し、濃度5質量%の表面処理液を調製した。ここで、表面処理液の濃度(質量%)は、表面処理液の全体の質量に対するイソシアネート化合物及びポリオールの質量の割合とする。
表面処理液を23℃に保ったまま、ウレタン弾性体を表面処理液に1分間浸漬後、50℃で保持されたオーブンで1時間加熱した。その後、表面処理されたウレタン弾性体を支持部材に接着してクリーニングブレードとした。これにより、表層部に厚さ10μmの表面処理層を有し、表面処理層の表面に含まれる窒素濃度と、表面処理層の表面から厚み方向の内部に向かって0.5mmの位置における窒素濃度との差(以下、表面処理層の表面及び内部の窒素濃度差)が、0.05質量%であるクリーニングブレードを得た。
(ウレタン弾性体の作製)
実施例1と同様の手順でウレタン弾性体を得た。
2官能イソシアネート化合物に含有されるイソシアネート基と、3官能ポリオールに含有される水酸基との比率(NCO基/OH基)は1.2になるように混合し、濃度10質量%の表面処理液を調製した以外は実施例1と同様の手順で表面処理液を調製した。
ウレタン弾性体を表面処理液に実施例1と同様の手順で表面処理を行った。その後、表面処理されたウレタン弾性体を支持部材に接着してクリーニングブレードとした。これにより、表層部に厚さ30μmの表面処理層を有し、表面処理層の表面及び内部の窒素濃度差が、0.05質量%であるクリーニングブレードを得た。
(ウレタン弾性体の作製)
実施例1と同様の手順でウレタン弾性体を得た。
2官能イソシアネート化合物に含有されるイソシアネート基と、3官能ポリオールに含有される水酸基との比率(NCO基/OH基)は1.5になるように混合し、濃度15質量%の表面処理液を調製した以外は実施例1と同様の手順で表面処理液を調製した。
ウレタン弾性体を表面処理液に実施例1と同様の手順で表面処理を行った。その後、表面処理されたウレタン弾性体を支持部材に接着してクリーニングブレードとした。これにより、表層部に厚さ50μmの表面処理層を有し、表面処理層の表面及び内部の窒素濃度差が、0.05質量%であるクリーニングブレードを得た。
(ウレタン弾性体の作製)
実施例1と同様の手順でウレタン弾性体を得た。
ポリオールとして2官能ポリオール1,3-プロパンジオール(PDO)(関東化学(株)製、分子量76.09)と3官能ポリオールTMP(日本ポリウレタン工業(株)製、分子量134.17)とを混合した以外は実施例1と同様の手順で表面処理液を調製した。なお、2官能イソシアネート化合物に含有されるイソシアネート基と、2官能ポリオール及び3官能ポリオールに含有される水酸基との比率(NCO基/OH基)を1.2になるように混合し、濃度10質量%の表面処理液を調製した。また、2官能ポリオールと3官能ポリオールとの官能基数の比(2官能の官能基数/3官能の官能基数)は、40/60とした。
ウレタン弾性体を表面処理液に実施例1と同様の手順で表面処理を行った。その後、表面処理されたウレタン弾性体を支持部材に接着してクリーニングブレードとした。これにより、表層部に厚さ30μmの表面処理層を有し、表面処理層の表面及び内部の窒素濃度差が、0.07質量%であるクリーニングブレードを得た。
(ウレタン弾性体の作製)
実施例1と同様の手順でウレタン弾性体を得た。
ポリオールとして2官能ポリオール1,3-プロパンジオール(PDO)(関東化学(株)製、分子量76.09)と3官能ポリオールTMP(日本ポリウレタン工業(株)製、分子量134.17)とを混合し、2官能ポリオールと3官能ポリオールとの官能基数の比(2官能の官能基数/3官能の官能基数)を、85/15とした以外は実施例4と同様の手順で表面処理液を調製した。
実施例4と同様の手順で表面処理を行った。その後、表面処理されたウレタン弾性体を支持部材に接着してクリーニングブレードとした。これにより、表層部に厚さ30μmの表面処理層を有し、表面処理層の表面及び内部の窒素濃度差が、0.10質量%であるクリーニングブレードを得た。
(ウレタン弾性体の作製)
実施例1と同様の手順でウレタン弾性体を得た。
ポリオールとして2官能ポリオール1,3-プロパンジオール(PDO)(関東化学(株)製、分子量76.09)を混合した以外は実施例4と同様の手順で表面処理液を調製した。
実施例4と同様の手順で表面処理を行った。その後、表面処理されたウレタン弾性体を支持部材に接着してクリーニングブレードとした。これにより、表層部に厚さ30μmの表面処理層を有し、表面処理層の表面及び内部の窒素濃度差が、0.10質量%であるクリーニングブレードを得た。
(ウレタン弾性体の作製)
実施例1と同様の手順でウレタン弾性体を得た。
濃度30質量%とした以外は実施例2と同様の手順で表面処理液を調製した。
ウレタン弾性体を表面処理液に30分間浸漬した以外は実施例2と同様の手順で表面処理を行った。その後、表面処理されたウレタン弾性体を支持部材に接着してクリーニングブレードとした。これにより、表層部に厚さ150μmの表面処理層を有し、表面処理層の表面及び内部の窒素濃度差が、0.5質量%であるクリーニングブレードを得た。
(ウレタン弾性体の作製)
実施例1と同様の手順でウレタン弾性体を得た。
実施例2と同様の手順で表面処理液を調製した。
ウレタン弾性体を表面処理液に18秒間浸漬した以外は実施例2と同様の手順で表面処理を行った。その後、表面処理されたウレタン弾性体を支持部材に接着してクリーニングブレードとした。これにより、表層部に厚さ5μmの表面処理層を有し、表面処理層の表面及び内部の窒素濃度差が、0.01質量%であるクリーニングブレードを得た。
(ウレタン弾性体の作製)
実施例1と同様の手順でウレタン弾性体を得た。
ポリオールを含有しないで、濃度20質量%とした以外は、実施例2と同様の手順で表面処理液を調製した。
ウレタン弾性体を表面処理液に1分間浸漬した以外は実施例1と同様の手順で表面処理を行った。その後、表面処理されたウレタン弾性体を支持部材に接着してクリーニングブレードとした。これにより、表層部に厚さ3μmの表面処理層を有し、表面処理層の表面及び内部の窒素濃度差が、0.7質量%であるクリーニングブレードを得た。
(ウレタン弾性体の作製)
実施例1と同様の手順でウレタン弾性体を得た。
3官能ポリオールを含有しない以外は実施例2と同様の手順で表面処理液を調製した。
ウレタン弾性体を表面処理液に1分間浸漬した以外は実施例1と同様の手順で表面処理を行った。その後、表面処理されたウレタン弾性体を支持部材に接着してクリーニングブレードとした。これにより、表層部に厚さ20μmの表面処理層を有し、表面処理層の表面及び内部の窒素濃度差が、1.0質量%であるクリーニングブレードを得た。
実施例1と同様の手順でウレタン弾性体を得た。ウレタン弾性体に表面処理を施さず、ウレタン弾性体を支持部材に接着してクリーニングブレードとした。
<動摩擦係数の測定>
新東科学製表面性試験機を用いて、JIS K7125、P8147、ISO8295に準じ、相手材として直径10mmのSUS304鋼球を用い、移動速度50mm/分、荷重0.49N、振幅50mmの条件下で動摩擦係数を測定した。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
<押し込み弾性率の測定>
島津製作所製ダイナミック超微小硬度計を用いて、ISO14577に準じ、負荷-除荷試験により保持時間5s、最大試験荷重0.98N、負荷速度0.14N/sの条件下で表面処理層の最表面から、その厚さに相当する深さ、例えばサンプル1では10μmの部分の押し込み弾性率を測定した。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
<表面硬度の測定>
島津製作所製ダイナミック超微小硬度計を用いて、JIS Z2255、ISO14577に準じ、圧し押し込み試験により負荷速度1.4mN/s、測定深さ10μmの条件下で表面硬度を測定した。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
<表面粗さの測定>
東洋精密サーフコム1400Aを用いて、JIS B0601-1994に準じ、移動速度0.15mm/s、カットオフ波長:0.8mm、負荷速度1.4mN/s、測定深さ10μmの条件下でゴム弾性体表面の十点平均粗さRzを測定した。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
<クリーニング性の評価>
A3サイズ カラーMFP 55枚/分 機を用いて、カートリッジにブレードを組み込み100万枚印刷した後、トナーのすり抜けがなかった場合を○、トナーのすり抜けがあった場合を×としてクリーニング性を評価した。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
<フィルミング抑制性の評価>
A3サイズ カラーMFP 55枚/分 機を用いて、カートリッジにブレードを組み込み100万枚印刷した後、トナーの固着がなかった場合を○、トナーの固着があったが実用上問題なしを△、トナーの固着があった場合を×としてフィルミング抑制性を評価した。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
<耐摩耗性の評価>
A3サイズ カラーMFP 55枚/分 機を用いて、カートリッジにブレードを組み込み100万枚印刷した後、カケや摩耗がなかった場合を○、カケや摩耗があったが実用上問題なしを△、カケや摩耗があった場合を×として耐摩耗性を評価した。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
<外観の評価>
A3サイズ カラーMFP 55枚/分 機を用いて、カートリッジにブレードを組み込み100万枚印刷した後、処理ムラがなかった場合を○、処理ムラがあった場合を×として外観を評価した。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
<表面処理液のライフの評価>
500ml容器に表面処理液400gを調合し密封して保管温度40℃で保管し、外観上に異常が発生するまでの日数を測定し、2日以上外観上に異常が発生しなかった場合を○、2日未満で外観上に異常が発生した場合を×として表面処理液のライフを評価した。結果を表1及び表2に示す。
10 弾性体
11 表面処理層
20 支持部材
Claims (5)
- ウレタンエラストマーからなる弾性体を有し、前記弾性体の被接触体と当接する部位に少なくとも表面処理層を有するクリーニングブレードであって、
前記表面処理層は、2官能イソシアネート化合物と、2官能ポリオール及び3官能ポリオールから選択される少なくとも一種のポリオールと、有機溶剤とを含有する表面処理液、又は前記2官能イソシアネート化合物と前記2官能ポリオール及び前記3官能ポリオールから選択される少なくとも一種のポリオールとの反応生成物であってイソシアネート基を末端に有するイソシアネート基含有化合物と、有機溶剤とを含有する表面処理液を、前記弾性体の表層部に含浸し硬化して形成され、
前記表面処理層の表面の窒素濃度と、前記表面処理層の表面から厚み方向の内部に向かって0.5mmの位置における窒素濃度との差が、0.02~0.15質量%であることを特徴とするクリーニングブレード。 - 請求項1記載のクリーニングブレードにおいて、
前記表面処理層の厚さは、10μm~100μmであることを特徴とするクリーニングブレード。 - 請求項1又は2に記載のクリーニングブレードにおいて、
前記表面処理液の前記2官能イソシアネート化合物は、分子量が200以上300以下であり、
前記表面処理液の前記2官能ポリオール及び3官能ポリオールは、分子量が150以下であることを特徴とするクリーニングブレード。 - 請求項1~3の何れか一項に記載のクリーニングブレードにおいて、
前記表面処理液の前記2官能イソシアネート化合物に含有されるイソシアネート基と、前記2官能ポリオール及び前記3官能ポリオールから選択される少なくとも一種に含有される水酸基との比率(NCO基/OH基)は、1.0以上1.5以下であることを特徴とするクリーニングブレード。 - 請求項1~4の何れか一項に記載のクリーニングブレードにおいて、
前記表面処理液は、前記2官能ポリオール及び前記3官能ポリオールを含有し、
前記2官能ポリオールと、3官能ポリオールとの官能基数の比(2官能の官能基数/3官能の官能基数)は、50/50~95/5であることを特徴とするクリーニングブレード。
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US9665061B2 (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2017-05-30 | Nok Corporation | Cleaning blade |
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US10274890B2 (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2019-04-30 | Nok Corporation | Cleaning blade |
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