WO2016115827A1 - 压力传感器 - Google Patents

压力传感器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016115827A1
WO2016115827A1 PCT/CN2015/082493 CN2015082493W WO2016115827A1 WO 2016115827 A1 WO2016115827 A1 WO 2016115827A1 CN 2015082493 W CN2015082493 W CN 2015082493W WO 2016115827 A1 WO2016115827 A1 WO 2016115827A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lever
pressure
receiving member
pressure sensor
displacement sensing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/082493
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱仁彬
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
合肥京东方光电科技有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 合肥京东方光电科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US14/905,845 priority Critical patent/US20160370237A1/en
Publication of WO2016115827A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016115827A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/08—Measuring force or stress, in general by the use of counterbalancing forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01G—WEIGHING
    • G01G1/00—Weighing apparatus involving the use of a counterweight or other counterbalancing mass
    • G01G1/18—Balances involving the use of a pivoted beam, i.e. beam balances

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressure sensor.
  • Pressure sensors are commonly used in a variety of transmission equipment. In these transmission devices, pressure at a specific position is sensed by a pressure sensor to judge whether or not an object exists, and/or a pressure change sensed by the pressure sensor, a movement of the object on the transmission device, and the like are judged.
  • a pressure sensor includes a lever having a first end and a second end and rotatable about a lever fulcrum, a pressure receiving member coupled to the first end of the lever and configured to be under pressure Actuating a first end movement of the lever; and a first displacement sensing assembly and a second displacement sensing assembly coupled to the second end of the lever and configured to be capable of sensing with the second displacement The assembly cooperates to detect the displacement of the second end of the lever. Since the pressure sensor described above does not use consumable parts such as springs, the service life can be extended.
  • the pressure receiving member includes a roller or a smooth body, and the pressure receiving member is configured to receive the object applied when the object moves onto the pressure receiving member The pressure; and when the object moves away from the pressure receiving member, the applied pressure is released.
  • the first displacement sensing component and the second displacement sensing component comprise an optical displacement sensing component.
  • the first optical displacement sensing assembly includes a light blocking plate;
  • the second optical displacement sensing assembly includes an optical sensor;
  • the optical sensor includes a light emitting portion and a light receiving portion;
  • the light barrier is configured to be movable between a first position and a second position, wherein in the first position, the light blocking plate blocks light emitted from the light emitting portion toward the light receiving portion, in the second The position of the light barrier does not block light emitted from the light emitting portion toward the light receiving portion.
  • the pressure sensor further includes a light barrier support table, and the light barrier is supported on the light barrier support when the light barrier is in the first position.
  • a light barrier support table By providing a light barrier support table, it is possible to facilitate the position of the light barrier and limit the movement of the light barrier.
  • the pressure sensor further includes an adjustable lever support that provides a lever fulcrum that is capable of adjusting a position of the lever fulcrum in a length direction of the lever. In this way, the position of the lever fulcrum in the longitudinal direction of the lever can be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the distance from the lever fulcrum to the pressure receiving member is less than the distance from the fulcrum of the lever to the first displacement sensing assembly; or the distance from the lever fulcrum to the pressure receiving member is much less than The distance from the fulcrum of the lever to the first displacement sensing assembly.
  • the pressure sensor further includes an isolating member for sealingly isolating the pressure receiving member from the first displacement sensing assembly and the second displacement sensing assembly In two different spaces.
  • an isolating member for sealingly isolating the pressure receiving member from the first displacement sensing assembly and the second displacement sensing assembly In two different spaces.
  • the pressure sensor is configured such that the first end of the lever is higher than the second end of the lever when the pressure receiving member is not under pressure.
  • the weight of the pressure receiving member and the first displacement sensing assembly is set to cause the first end of the lever to rotate downward about the lever fulcrum when the pressure receiving member is not under pressure The moment is less than the torque that causes the second end of the lever to tap down the lever fulcrum.
  • the weight of the pressure receiving member and the first displacement sensing assembly is set to cause the first end of the lever to rotate downward about the lever fulcrum when the pressure receiving member is not under pressure The moment is slightly less than the torque that causes the second end of the lever to tap down the lever fulcrum.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pressure sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a light blocking plate is in a first position;
  • FIG. 2 is another schematic structural view of a pressure sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the light blocking plate is in the second position;
  • FIG. 3 and 4 show a schematic structural view and operation of an optical sensor for a pressure sensor of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein, in Fig. 3, the light barrier is in the first position, and in Fig. 4, the light barrier is in Second position.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a pressure sensor of the present invention.
  • the pressure sensor includes a lever 3 having a first end and a second end and rotatable about a lever fulcrum, a pressure receiving member coupled to the first end of the lever 3 and Configuring to move the first end of the lever 3 when subjected to pressure; and a first displacement sensing assembly and a second displacement sensing assembly, the first displacement sensing assembly being coupled to the first and third of the lever 3
  • the second end opposite the end is configured to detect a displacement of the second end of the lever 3 in conjunction with the second displacement sensing assembly.
  • the first displacement sensing component and the second displacement sensing component can include an optical displacement sensing component.
  • the pressure receiving member may include a roller 1 or a smooth body, and the pressure receiving member may be configured to receive the object when the object moves onto the pressure receiving member The applied pressure; and when the object moves away from the pressure receiving member, the applied pressure is released.
  • the pressure receiving member comprises a roller 1.
  • the roller 1 can be rotated about a support shaft or pivot provided at the second end of the lever 3 to facilitate movement of the object from the outside onto the roller 1 to apply pressure to the roller 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows another schematic structural view of the pressure sensor of the present invention, which is similar to Fig. 1, except that the position of each component is changed. As shown in Fig. 2, when an object (not shown) acts on the roller 1, the pressing roller 1 moves downward, so that the light blocking plate 5 located at the other end of the lever 3 will move upward.
  • the pressure receiving member shown in the drawings is the roller 1, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the pressure receiving member may be any other suitable member.
  • the pressure receiving member may also be a member having a smooth surface (i.e., a low coefficient of friction), such as a smooth sphere, so that the object can be conveniently slid onto the spherical pressure receiving member to apply pressure.
  • the object can be easily moved to and removed from the pressure receiving member.
  • the pressure sensor is configured such that the first end of the lever 3 is higher than the second end of the lever when the pressure receiving member is not under pressure; the pressure receiving member And the weight of the first displacement sensing assembly is set such that when the pressure receiving member is not under pressure, the torque of the first end of the lever 3 is reduced downward about the lever fulcrum less than the second end of the lever 3 is pivoted toward the lever fulcrum The lower torque; or the weight of the pressure receiving member and the first displacement sensing assembly is set such that the torque of the first end of the lever 3 downwardly about the lever fulcrum is slightly less than when the pressure receiving member is not under pressure The second end of the lever 3 is torqued downward about the lever fulcrum.
  • the reset of the lever or the pressure receiving member is achieved by gravity.
  • the pressure sensor is configured such that when no object acts on the pressure receiving member, the gravity of the first displacement sensing assembly generates a moment on the left side of the lever that is greater than the gravity of the pressure receiving member.
  • the moment generated on the right side of the lever such that the first displacement sensing assembly is held in a lower position and the pressure receiving member is raised to prepare to receive pressure, such as Figure 1 shows that when the object acts on the pressure receiving member, the overall gravity formed by the object and the pressure receiving member produces a moment on the right side of the lever that is greater than the moment generated by the gravity of the first displacement sensing assembly on the left side of the lever.
  • the pressure receiving member is moved downward and the left side of the lever is lifted as described in FIG.
  • the pressure sensor according to the present invention does not use a consumable reset member such as a spring, so that the service life can be extended.
  • the pressure sensor may be configured such that when the pressure receiving member is not pressurized, the moment generated by the gravity of the first displacement sensing component on the left side of the lever is only slightly larger than the pressure receiving member. The moment of gravity generated on the right side of the lever. This can be achieved by appropriately arranging the weights of the first displacement sensing assembly and the pressure receiving member on either side of the lever, and also by adjusting the lever fulcrum.
  • the downward movement of the pressure receiving member or the upward movement of the light barrier as the first displacement sensing assembly may be limited by any suitable limiting device or limiting structure, such as a baffle, a stop, etc. (not shown). And adjustments, not detailed here.
  • the displacement sensor assembly employs an optical sensor assembly.
  • the first optical displacement sensing assembly includes a light blocking plate 5;
  • the second optical displacement sensing assembly includes an optical sensor;
  • the optical sensor includes a light emitting portion 6a and a light receiving portion 6b;
  • the light blocking plate 5 is disposed to be movable between a first position and a second position, wherein in the first position, the light blocking plate 5 blocks light emitted from the light emitting portion 6a toward the light receiving portion 6b, The light blocking plate 5 in the second position does not block the light emitted from the light emitting portion 6a toward the light receiving portion 6b.
  • the optical sensor assembly includes an optical sensor 6 and a light barrier 5 attached to one end of the lever 3, wherein the optical sensor 6 includes a light emitting portion and a light receiving portion (see FIGS. 3 and 4).
  • the light blocking plate 5 When the light blocking plate 5 is disposed between the light emitting portion of the optical sensor 6 and the light receiving portion, the light blocking plate 5 can block the light emitted from the light emitting portion, and thus the light receiving portion cannot receive the light emitted by the light emitting portion.
  • the light blocking plate 5 is removed from between the light emitting portion and the light receiving portion of the optical sensor 6, the light emitted from the light emitting portion is no longer blocked by the light blocking plate 5, so that the light receiving portion can be received by the light emitting portion The light. High detection accuracy is achieved by using optical sensors.
  • the optical displacement sensing assembly includes an optical sensor 6 and a light barrier 5; the optical sensor comprises a light emitting portion 6a and a light receiving portion 6b; the light blocking plate 5 is connected to the second end of the lever 3, and the light blocking plate 5 is arranged to be movable between the first position and the second position, wherein In the first position, the light barrier 5 blocks light emitted from the light emitting portion 6a toward the light receiving portion 6b, and the light blocking plate 5 does not block the light in the second position.
  • the structure is further simplified by using an optical sensor having such a specific configuration.
  • the light blocking plate 5 is located at the first position between the light emitting portion 6a of the optical sensor 6 and the light receiving portion 6b, At this time, the light receiving portion 6b of the optical sensor 6 cannot receive the light emitted from the light emitting portion 6a.
  • the pressure presses the roller 1 downward to cause the roller 1 to shift downward.
  • the lever 3 the downward displacement of the roller 1 is converted into an upward displacement of the light barrier 5.
  • the light blocking plate 5 is moved upward from between the light emitting portion 6a and the light receiving portion 6b of the optical sensor 6, and enters the second position, so that the light receiving portion 6b of the optical sensor 6 can be received by the light emitting portion 6a.
  • the light When the light barrier 5 is in the second position, it indicates that an object exerts pressure on the roller 1.
  • the light receiving portion 6b can transmit a signal to the control unit or processor (not shown) of the pressure sensor to perform subsequent or related operations.
  • the light receiving portion 6b when the light receiving portion 6b does not receive the light emitted by the light emitting portion 6a, it can continuously or intermittently issue an associated signal to the control unit or processor to perform an associated operation or the like.
  • the pressure sensor may further include a light barrier support table 5, and when the light barrier 5 is in the first position, the light barrier 5 is supported in the block
  • the light plate is supported on the table 7.
  • the roller 1 when the roller 1 does not receive pressure from the object, the light barrier 5 is placed on the light barrier support table 7 to properly position the light barrier.
  • the roller 1 moves upward, so that the light blocking plate 5 moves downward, and the light blocking plate supporting table 7 can be used to stop the downward movement of the light blocking plate 5, It is possible to prevent the light blocking plate 5 from being excessively moved downward so as to exceed the detection range of the optical sensor 6 and cause erroneous detection.
  • the light barrier support table 7 can also be incorporated into an optical sensor assembly.
  • the optical sensor 6 (including the light emitting portion 6a and the light receiving portion 6b) is also disposed on the light blocking plate support table 7.
  • the pressure sensor further includes an adjustable lever support that provides a lever fulcrum that is capable of adjusting the length of the lever fulcrum at the lever The position in the direction.
  • the distance of the lever fulcrum to the pressure receiving member is significantly less than, less than, or much less than the distance from the fulcrum of the lever to the first displacement sensing assembly.
  • the distance of the fulcrum of the lever By making the distance of the fulcrum of the lever from the pressure receiving member significantly smaller, smaller or smaller than the distance of the fulcrum of the lever to the displacement sensor assembly, the slight displacement of the pressure receiving member end of the lever can be leveraged on the displacement sensor The assembly end is magnified several times so that the displacement of the end of the pressure receiving member can be accurately detected.
  • the distance of the lever fulcrum to the pressure receiving member may also be greater or greater than the distance from the fulcrum of the lever to the first displacement sensing assembly.
  • the length of the lever 3 on both sides of the lever support frame can be appropriately set, thereby realizing the enlargement or reduction of the displacement by the lever principle. This can be set according to the actual use environment.
  • a larger or heavier object will result in a larger downward displacement of the pressure receiving member, while the optical sensor 6 is very small in volume.
  • the length of the lever 3 on the side of the optical sensor 6 can be set shorter, and the length on the side of the pressure receiving member can be set longer, so that the range of movement of the light blocking plate 5 is reduced.
  • a smaller or lighter object causes a slight downward displacement of the pressure receiving member, and such a slight downward displacement is difficult to detect.
  • the length of the lever 3 on the side of the optical sensor 6 can be set longer, and the length on the side of the pressure receiving member can be set shorter, so that the moving range of the light blocking plate 5 will be leveraged.
  • a pressure sensor may be provided with an adjustable lever support frame 4.
  • the lever support 4 can include a support shaft 2 through which the lever 3 can be pivoted.
  • the position of the support shaft 2 with respect to the longitudinal direction of the lever 3 can be adjusted.
  • such adjustment can be achieved, for example, by providing a plurality of holes (not shown) in the lever 3 for the support shaft 2 to pass through.
  • the support shaft 2 is rotatably disposed relatively fixed on the lever 3, but the position of the support shaft 2 on the lever support 4 is adjustable. In this way, the position of the lever fulcrum in the longitudinal direction of the lever can be adjusted according to actual needs.
  • the pressure sensor may further include a partition member for the pressure receiving member and the first displacement sensing assembly
  • the second displacement sensing assembly is sealingly isolated from two different spaces. Since the pressure receiving member and the optical sensor are respectively located at two different positions by the lever 3, the pressure receiving member and the optical sensor can be separated in two different spaces by an appropriate means (for example, a partition member).
  • a partition member for example, a corresponding baffle and seal may be provided adjacent the lever fulcrum provided by the lever support 4 of the lever 3 to seal the pressure receiving member from the optical sensor in two different spaces.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Abstract

一种压力传感器，包括杠杆（3），该杠杆具有第一端和第二端且能够围绕杠杆支点转动；压力接收构件（1），该压力接收构件（1）连接到杠杆（3）的第一端并且被配置成在受到压力时带动杠杆（3）的第一端移动；以及第一位移感测组件（5）和第二位移感测组件（6），该第一位移感测组件（5）连接到杠杆（3）的第二端并且被配置成能够与第二位移感测组件（6）配合检测杠杆（3）的第二端的位移。

Description

压力传感器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种压力传感器。
背景技术
压力传感器普遍应用于各种传输设备。在这些传输设备中，通过压力传感器感测特定位置上的压力以判断是否存在物体，和/或通过压力传感器感测到的压力变化，判断物体在传输设备上的移动等等。
发明内容
本发明的实施例的目的在于提供一种压力传感器，例如，该压力传感器使用寿命长。
根据本发明的实施例，提供了一种压力传感器。该压力传感器包括：杠杆，所述杠杆具有第一端和第二端且能够围绕杠杆支点转动；压力接收构件，该压力接收构件连接到所述杠杆的第一端并且被配置成在受到压力时带动杠杆的第一端移动；和第一位移感测组件和第二位移感测组件，该第一位移感测组件连接到所述杠杆的第二端并且被配置成能够与第二位移感测组件配合检测所述杠杆的第二端的位移。上述压力传感器，由于不使用弹簧等消耗性部件，因此使用寿命能够得以延长。
根据本发明的一个示例性实施例，压力接收构件包括滚轮或光滑主体，并且所述压力接收构件被配置成：当物体移动到所述压力接收构件上时，所述压力接收构件接收物体施加的压力；和当物体移动离开所述压力接收构件时，所施加的压力被解除。通过采用具有这种构造的压力结构构件，能够使得物体能够方便地移动到压力接收构件上以及从压力接收构件上移开。
根据本发明的另一示例性实施例，所述第一位移感测组件和第二位移感测组件包括光学位移感测组件。通过使用光学传感器，克服了现有压力传感器因使用磁学传感器而检测精度差的技术问题，实现了高的检测精度。
根据本发明的另一示例性实施例，所述第一光学位移感测组件包括挡光板；所述第二光学位移感测组件包括光学传感器；所述光学传感器包括光发射部和光接收部；并且所述挡光板被设置成能够在第一位置和第二位置之间移动，其中在所述第一位置，所述挡光板阻挡从光发射部朝向光接收部发射的光线，在所述第二位置所述挡光板不阻挡从光发射部朝向光接收部发射的光线。通过采用具有这种具体构造的光学传感器，能够更容易地与本发明的压力传感器进行配合，使结构更加简化。
根据本发明的另一示例性实施例，压力传感器还包括挡光板支撑台，并且当所述挡光板处于所述第一位置时，所述挡光板被支撑在挡光板支撑台上。通过提供挡光板支撑台，能够便于挡光板的位置和对挡光板的移动进行限位。
根据本发明的另一示例性实施例，所述压力传感器还包括提供杠杆支点的能够调节的杠杆支撑架，所述杠杆支撑架能够调节所述杠杆支点在杠杆的长度方向上的位置。通过这种方式，可以根据实际需要调节杠杆支点在杠杆长度方向上的位置。
在一种示例中，杠杆支点到所述压力接收构件的距离小于所述杠杆的支点到所述第一位移感测组件的距离；或者所述杠杆支点到所述压力接收构件的距离远小于所述杠杆的支点到所述第一位移感测组件的距离。通过使杠杆的支点到所述压力接收构件的距离显著地小于杠杆的支点到所述位移传感器组件的距离，能够将杠杆的压力接收构件端的细微的位移通过杠杆作用在位移传感器组件端放大数倍，从而能够准确地检测到这种压力接收构件端的位移。
根据本发明的另一示例性实施例，压力传感器还包括隔离构件，该隔离构件用于将所述压力接收构件和所述第一位移感测组件和所述第二位移感测组件密封地隔离在两个不同的空间内。在压力接收构件需要施加润滑剂、药液等情况下，提供隔离构件是有利的，因为润滑剂和药液不能进入光学传感器所在的空间从而影响光学传感器的正常工作以及避免光学传感器被药液等腐蚀。
根据本发明的另一示例性实施例，压力传感器构造成在压力接收构件没有受到压力时所述杠杆的第一端高于所述杠杆的第二端。
根据本发明的另一示例性实施例，所述压力接收构件和第一位移感测组件的重量设置成在压力接收构件没有受到压力时使所述杠杆的第一端绕杠杆支点向下的转矩小于使所述杠杆的第二端绕杠杆支点向下的转矩。
根据本发明的另一示例性实施例，所述压力接收构件和第一位移感测组件的重量设置成在压力接收构件没有受到压力时使所述杠杆的第一端绕杠杆支点向下的转矩略小于使所述杠杆的第二端绕杠杆支点向下的转矩。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将通过举例的方式结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行描述，其中：
图1是根据本发明的实施例的压力传感器的结构示意图，其中挡光板处于第一位置；
图2是根据本发明的实施例的压力传感器的另一结构示意图，其中挡光板处于第二位置；
图3和图4示出了用于本发明的实施例的压力传感器的光学传感器的结构示意图和工作原理，其中，在图3中，挡光板处于第一位置，在图4中，挡光板处于第二位置。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。图1示出了本发明的压力传感器的结构示意图。如图所示，该压力传感器包括：杠杆3，该杠杆3具有第一端和第二端且能够围绕杠杆支点转动；压力接收构件，该压力接收构件连接到所述杠杆3的第一端并且被配置成在受到压力时带动杠杆3的第一端移动；和第一位移感测组件和第二位移感测组件，该第一位移感测组件连接到所述杠杆3的与所述第一端相反的第二端并且被配置成能够检与第二位移感测组件配合测所述杠杆3的第二端的位移。所述第一位移感测组件和第二位移感测组件可以包括光学位移感测组件。上述压力传感器，由于不使用弹簧等消耗性部件，因此使用寿命能够得以 延长。
在具体的实施方式中，所述压力接收构件可以包括滚轮1或光滑主体，并且所述压力接收构件可以被配置成：当物体移动到所述压力接收构件上时，所述压力接收构件接收物体施加的压力；和当物体移动离开所述压力接收构件时，所施加的压力被解除。
在图1所示的实施例中，压力接收构件包括滚轮1。如图所示，滚轮1可以围绕设置在杠杆3的第二端的支撑轴或枢轴旋动，从而便于物体从外部移动到该滚轮1上，从而对滚轮1施加压力。
图2示出了本发明的压力传感器的另一结构示意图，其与图1类似，只是各个部件的位置发生了变化。如图2所示，当物体(未示出)作用在滚轮1上时，压迫滚轮1向下移动，从而位于杠杆3另一端的挡光板5将向上移动。
虽然图中所示出的压力接收构件为滚轮1，但本领域技术人员可以理解，所述压力接收构件也可以是其他任意适当的构件。例如，所述压力接收构件也可以是表面光滑(即，摩擦系数低)的构件，例如光滑球体，从而物体可以方便地滑动到该球体式压力接收构件上以施加压力。
通过采用具有上述构造的压力接收构件，物体能够方便地移动到压力接收构件上以及从压力接收构件上移开。
根据本发明的实施例，如图1和2所示，压力传感器构造成在压力接收构件没有受到压力时所述杠杆3的第一端高于所述杠杆的第二端；所述压力接收构件和第一位移感测组件的重量设置成在压力接收构件没有受到压力时使所述杠杆3的第一端绕杠杆支点向下的转矩小于使所述杠杆3的第二端绕杠杆支点向下的转矩；或者所述压力接收构件和第一位移感测组件的重量设置成在压力接收构件没有受到压力时使所述杠杆3的第一端绕杠杆支点向下的转矩略小于使所述杠杆3的第二端绕杠杆支点向下的转矩。根据本发明实施例的压力传感器，杠杆或压力接收构件的复位通过重力作用实现。具体而言，如图1和2所示，压力传感器被配置成：当没有物体作用在压力接收构件上时，第一位移感测组件的重力在杠杆左侧产生的力矩大于压力接收构件的重力在杠杆右侧产生的力矩，从而第一位移感测组件被保持在较低的位置，而压力接收构件被抬起以准备接收压力，如 图1所示；当物体作用在压力接收构件上时，物体和压力接收构件所形成的整体的重力在杠杆右侧产生的力矩大于第一位移感测组件的重力在杠杆左侧产生的力矩，从而压力接收构件被向下移动，而杠杆左侧被抬起，如图2所述。通过这种方式，根据本发明的压力传感器不使用弹簧等消耗性复位部件，因此使用寿命能够得以延长。
为使压力传感器对物体的重力作用更加敏感，可以将压力传感器配置成：压力接收构件未被施加压力时，第一位移感测组件的重力在杠杆左侧产生的力矩仅仅略大于压力接收构件的重力在杠杆右侧产生的力矩。这可以通过适当地配置杠杆两侧的第一位移感测组件和压力接收构件的重量实现，还可以通过调节杠杆支点的方式实现。
压力接收构件向下移动或作为第一位移感测组件的挡光板向上移动的距离可通过任意适当的限位装置或限位结构，例如挡板、挡块等(图中未示出)进行限制和调整，此处不再详细说明。
根据本发明的实施例，位移传感器组件采用光学传感器组件。如图1和2所示，所述第一光学位移感测组件包括挡光板5；所述第二光学位移感测组件包括光学传感器；所述光学传感器包括光发射部6a和光接收部6b；并且所述挡光板5被设置成能够在第一位置和第二位置之间移动，其中在所述第一位置，所述挡光板5阻挡从光发射部6a朝向光接收部6b发射的光线，在所述第二位置所述挡光板5不阻挡从光发射部6a朝向光接收部6b发射的光线。
如图1和2所示，光学传感器组件包括光学传感器6和连接在杠杆3的一端的挡光板5，其中，光学传感器6包括光发射部和光接收部(见图3和4)。当将挡光板5设置在光学传感器6的光发射部与光接收部之间时，挡光板5能够遮挡从光发射部发出的光线，因此光接收部无法接收到由光发射部发出的光线。当将挡光板5从光学传感器6的光发射部与光接收部之间移开时，从光发射部发出的光线不再被挡光板5遮挡，因此光接收部能够接收到由光发射部发出的光线。通过使用光学传感器，实现了高的检测精度。
图3和图4示出了用于本发明的压力传感器的光学传感器的结构示意图和工作原理。如图所示，光学位移感测组件包括光学传感器6和挡光板 5；所述光学传感器包括光发射部6a和光接收部6b；挡光板5被连接到杠杆3的第二端，并且挡光板5被设置成能够在第一位置和第二位置之间移动，其中在所述第一位置，所述挡光板5阻挡从光发射部6a朝向光接收部6b发射的光线，在所述第二位置所述挡光板5不阻挡所述光线。通过采用具有这种具体构造的光学传感器，使结构更加简化。
当滚轮1未接收到来自外部物体的压力时(例如，此时不存在施加压力的物体)，挡光板5位于光学传感器6的光发射部6a与光接收部6b之间的第一位置，此时，光学传感器6的光接收部6b不能接收到由光发射部6a发出的光线。当滚轮1接收到来自外部物体的压力时，该压力将滚轮1向下压从而使滚轮1产生向下的位移。通过杠杆3，滚轮1的向下的位移转化为挡光板5的向上的位移。此时，挡光板5被从光学传感器6的光发射部6a与光接收部6b之间向上移开，进入第二位置，从而光学传感器6的光接收部6b能够接收到由光发射部6a发出的光线。当挡光板5处于第二位置时，表明有物体在滚轮1上施加压力。此时，光接收部6b可发送信号至该压力传感器的控制单元或处理器(未示出)，以进行之后的或相关的操作。
同样地，当光接收部6b接收不到由光发射部6a发出的光时，其可以持续地或间歇地发出相关联的信号至控制单元或处理器，以执行相关的操作等。
如图所示，在本发明的实施例中，所述压力传感器还可以包括挡光板支撑台5，并且当所述挡光板5处于第一位置时，所述挡光板5被支撑在所述挡光板支撑台7上。具体而言，如图1所示，当滚轮1没有接收到来自物体的压力时，挡光板5被搁放在挡光板支撑台7上，以对挡光板进行适当的定位。同样地，当原本作用在滚轮1上的物体被移开时，滚轮1向上移动，从而挡光板5向下移动，此时挡光板支撑台7可以用于停止挡光板5的向下的移动，以避免挡光板5过度下移以致超出光学传感器6的检测范围并导致误检测。根据另一实施例，所述挡光板支撑台7也可以合并到光学传感器组件中。例如光学传感器6(包括光发射部6a和光接收部6b)也被设置在所述挡光板支撑台7上。通过提供挡光板支撑台，能够便于挡光板的定位和对挡光板的移动进行限位。
根据本发明的压力传感器的一个方面，如图1和2所示，所述压力传感器还包括提供杠杆支点的能够调节的杠杆支撑架，所述杠杆支撑架能够调节所述杠杆支点在杠杆的长度方向上的位置。例如，杠杆支点到所述压力接收构件的距离显著地小于、小于或远小于所述杠杆的支点到所述第一位移感测组件的距离。通过使杠杆的支点到所述压力接收构件的距离显著地小于、小于或远小于杠杆的支点到所述位移传感器组件的距离，能够将杠杆的压力接收构件端的细微的位移通过杠杆作用在位移传感器组件端放大数倍，从而能够准确地检测到这种压力接收构件端的位移。作为选择，杠杆支点到所述压力接收构件的距离也可以大于或远大于所述杠杆的支点到所述第一位移感测组件的距离。具体而言，可以适当地设定杠杆3在杠杆支撑架两侧的长度，从而利用杠杆原理实现位移的放大或缩小。这可根据实际使用环境加以设定。例如，在某些设备中，较大或较重的物体将导致压力接收构件产生较大的向下的位移，而光学传感器6的体积非常小。此时，可将杠杆3位于光学传感器6一侧的长度设定为较短，而其位于压力接收构件一侧的长度设定为较长，从而挡光板5的移动范围缩小。另一方面，如果在某些设备中，较小或较轻的物体导致压力接收构件产生细微的向下的位移，并且这种细微的向下的位移很难被检测。此时，可将杠杆3位于光学传感器6一侧的长度设定为较长，而其位于压力接收构件一侧的长度设定为较短，从而挡光板5的移动范围将通过杠杆作用而被放大，从而有利于检测到挡光板5的移动，进而能够检测到由物体引起的压力接收构件的细微的位移。为了实现上述目的，根据本发明实施例的压力传感器可设有能够调整的杠杆支撑架4。杠杆支撑架4可包括支撑轴2，杠杆3可通过支撑轴2枢转。例如，支撑轴2相对于杠杆3长度方向的位置可以调整。在一个示例中，这种调整例如可以通过在杠杆3中设置多个孔(图中未示出)以供支撑轴2穿过的方式实现。在另一示例中，支撑轴2被可旋转地位置相对固定的设置在杠杆3上，但支撑轴2在杠杆支撑架4上的位置可调节。通过这种方式，可以根据实际需要调节杠杆支点在杠杆长度方向上的位置。
根据本发明的压力传感器的另一个方面，所述压力传感器还可以包括隔离构件，该隔离构件用于将所述压力接收构件和所述第一位移感测组件 和所述第二位移感测组件密封地隔离在两个不同的空间内。由于压力接收构件与光学传感器通过杠杆3而分别位于两个不同的位置，因此可以通过适当的方式(例如，隔离构件)将压力接收构件与光学传感器分隔在两个不同的空间内。例如，可以在杠杆3的杠杆支撑架4所提供的杠杆支点附近设置相应的挡板和密封件，从而将压力接收构件与光学传感器密封隔离在两个不同的空间内。这在压力接收构件需要施加润滑剂、药液等情况下是有利的，因为润滑剂和药液不能进入光学传感器所在的空间从而影响光学传感器的正常工作以及避免光学传感器被药液等腐蚀。
以上实施方式仅用于说明本发明，而并非对本发明的限制，有关技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，还可以做出各种变化和变型，因此所有等同的技术方案也属于本发明的范畴，本发明的专利保护范围应由权利要求限定。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种压力传感器，该压力传感器包括：
    杠杆，所述杠杆具有第一端和第二端且能够围绕杠杆支点转动；
    压力接收构件，该压力接收构件连接到所述杠杆的第一端并且被配置成在受到压力时带动杠杆的第一端移动；和
    第一位移感测组件和第二位移感测组件，该第一位移感测组件连接到所述杠杆的第二端并且被配置成能够与第二位移感测组件配合检测所述杠杆的第二端的位移。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的压力传感器，其中，
    所述压力接收构件包括滚轮或光滑主体，并且所述压力接收构件被配置成：当物体移动到所述压力接收构件上时，所述压力接收构件接收物体施加的压力；和当物体移动离开所述压力接收构件时，所施加的压力被解除。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的压力传感器，其中，
    所述第一位移感测组件和第二位移感测组件包括光学位移感测组件。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的压力传感器，其中，
    所述第一光学位移感测组件包括挡光板；
    所述第二光学位移感测组件包括光学传感器；
    所述光学传感器包括光发射部和光接收部；并且
    所述挡光板被设置成能够在第一位置和第二位置之间移动，其中在所述第一位置，所述挡光板阻挡从光发射部朝向光接收部发射的光线，在所述第二位置所述挡光板不阻挡从光发射部朝向光接收部发射的光线。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的压力传感器，其中，
    所述压力传感器还包括挡光板支撑台，并且当所述挡光板处于第一位置时，所述挡光板被支撑在所述挡光板支撑台上。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的压力传感器，其中，
    所述压力传感器还包括提供杠杆支点的能够调节的杠杆支撑架，所述杠杆支撑架能够调节所述杠杆支点在杠杆的长度方向上的位置。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的压力传感器，其中，
    所述杠杆支点到所述压力接收构件的距离小于所述杠杆的支点到所述第一位移感测组件的距离。
  8. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的压力传感器，其中，
    所述压力传感器还包括隔离构件，该隔离构件用于将所述压力接收构什和所述第一位移感测组什和所述第二位移感测组什密封地隔离在两个不同的空间内。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的压力传感器，其中
    压力传感器构造成在压力接收构件没有受到压力时所述杠杆的第一端高于所述杠杆的第二端。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的压力传感器，其中
    所述压力接收构件和第一位移感测组件的重量设置成在压力接收构件没有受到压力时使所述杠杆的第一端绕杠杆支点向下的转矩小于使所述杠杆的第二端绕杠杆支点向下的转矩。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的压力传感器，其中
    所述压力接收构件和第一位移感测组件的重量设置成在压力接收构件没有受到压力时使所述杠杆的第一端绕杠杆支点向下的转矩略小于使所述杠杆的第二端绕杠杆支点向下的转矩。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的压力传感器，其中，
    所述杠杆支点到所述压力接收构件的距离远小于所述杠杆的支点到 所述第一位移感测组件的距离。
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