WO2016113875A1 - 課金位置評価用情報提供システム - Google Patents
課金位置評価用情報提供システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016113875A1 WO2016113875A1 PCT/JP2015/050908 JP2015050908W WO2016113875A1 WO 2016113875 A1 WO2016113875 A1 WO 2016113875A1 JP 2015050908 W JP2015050908 W JP 2015050908W WO 2016113875 A1 WO2016113875 A1 WO 2016113875A1
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- charging
- vehicle
- billing
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 159
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 67
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- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 122
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 47
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930091051 Arenine Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
- G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
- G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
- G07B15/063—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a billing location evaluation information providing system.
- Patent Document 1 describes an in-vehicle device system that performs positioning of a passing vehicle by GPS (Global Positioning System) and thereby collects a toll road automatically.
- GPS Global Positioning System
- the autonomous charging method in order to prevent a charging mistake, the accuracy of the position where the vehicle-mounted device performs the charging process is required. For example, when charging is performed at a predetermined charging point, it is conceivable that the vehicle-mounted device is requested to perform charging processing within a predetermined range before and after the charging point.
- a high-accuracy position locating device capable of specifying the position of the vehicle with high accuracy is mounted on the vehicle.
- a method of recording the position of the vehicle when the vehicle-mounted device performs the charging process is conceivable.
- GPS, IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) and vehicle speed pulses are installed as high-accuracy position location devices, and even in environments where GPS is disrupted, the accuracy of errors of several centimeters can be achieved by traveling several kilometers. Some can identify the location.
- a high-accuracy position locating device is expensive, for example, one tens of millions of yen, and the cost for evaluation increases.
- the cost increases significantly.
- the present invention provides a charging position evaluation information providing system capable of providing information for evaluating a position where charging processing has been performed at a relatively low cost.
- the billing position evaluation information providing system (1) is mounted on the vehicle (120) and outputs a signal at a timing when billing processing based on the position of the vehicle is performed.
- Unit (123) a signal acquisition unit (131, 132) that is installed at a predetermined position and acquires a signal from the signal output unit, and the charging process is performed based on the signal acquired by the signal acquisition unit.
- a billing position detection unit (152) for detecting a broken position.
- the signal output unit includes a lighting device and outputs light as the signal
- the signal acquisition unit includes a camera to capture an image including the image of the vehicle
- the charging position detection unit The position where the charging process is performed may be detected based on the position of an image of the vehicle included in which the lighting device is turned on.
- the signal output unit outputs sound as the signal
- the signal acquisition unit includes a microphone to acquire sound from the signal output unit
- the charging position detection unit includes sound acquired by the signal acquisition unit. Based on the information, the position where the billing process was performed may be detected.
- the charging location evaluation information providing system can provide information for evaluating the charging location using a relatively inexpensive device such as a device that outputs sound, such as a speaker, and a microphone.
- the signal output unit outputs directional light as the signal
- the signal acquisition unit includes a plurality of light receiving sensors that are provided along a travel route of the vehicle and can acquire the light.
- the detection unit may detect a position where the accounting process has been performed based on which light receiving sensor the signal acquisition unit has acquired the light.
- information for evaluating the billing position is provided using a relatively inexpensive device such as a light output sensor and a light receiving sensor. Can do.
- the light having directivity for example, laser light or light that has passed through a slit can be used.
- the charging position detection unit may detect the charging position based on the position of the light receiving sensor itself, or both the position of the light receiving sensor itself and the relative position of the charging position and the light receiving sensor. Based on this, the billing position may be detected.
- the light receiving sensor and the position on the road corresponding to the installation position of the light receiving sensor are associated with each other in advance, and the charging position detection unit determines the position on the road associated with the light receiving sensor that has acquired the light.
- the billing position may be detected.
- the light receiving sensor a sensor capable of detecting the direction in which the light is received is used, and the charging position detection unit detects the relative position between the charging position and the light receiving sensor based on the direction in which the light receiving sensor receives the light. You may do it.
- the charging position detection unit corrects the position on the road associated with the light receiving sensor that has acquired the light based on the relative position between the charging position and the light receiving sensor, and the corrected position is set as the charging position. You may do it.
- the billing location evaluation information providing system (2) includes a billing processing unit (221) that performs billing processing based on the position of the vehicle (220), and a route along which the vehicle travels.
- a force detector (224) for detecting an action of force on the vehicle due to a change in height of a surface provided at a predetermined position; a timing at which the charging processor performs the charging process; and the force detector
- a charging position detection unit (152) for detecting a position where the charging process is performed based on the timing at which the action of the force is detected.
- the charging position evaluation information providing system can provide information for evaluating the charging position at a relatively low cost without requiring an expensive device such as a high-accuracy position locating device. .
- an expensive device such as a high-accuracy position locating device.
- the force detection unit may directly detect the force applied to the vehicle, or may detect the action of the force on the vehicle by detecting acceleration or a change in acceleration.
- the force detection unit detects an action of force on the vehicle during traveling due to changes in height of surfaces provided at two places on a route along which the vehicle travels, and the charging position detection unit You may make it detect whether the position where the said accounting process was performed is included in the range which makes two places both ends.
- the billing position detection unit detects the position where the billing process has been performed with a simple operation of determining the longitudinal relationship between the timing at which the force detection unit detects the action of the force and the time at which the billing process was performed. can do.
- the force detection unit detects an action of force on the vehicle during traveling due to a change in height of a surface further provided between the two locations, and the charging position detection unit travels the vehicle. You may make it detect the area where the position where the said accounting process was performed is included among the areas into which the path
- the charging position evaluation information providing system (3) is mounted on the vehicle (320), and the outside is photographed from the vehicle at the timing when the charging process based on the position of the vehicle is performed.
- An imaging unit (326) is provided.
- the charging position evaluation information providing system according to the present invention can provide information for evaluating the charging position at a relatively low cost without requiring an expensive device such as a high-accuracy position locating device.
- the billing position evaluation information providing system can provide information for determining whether or not a target position is included in a specific area without requiring an expensive device.
- the image taken by the photographing unit and the image memorized by the storage unit are photographed by associating images of the same object included in the image photographed by the unit and the image memorized by the storage unit.
- the relationship with the determined position may be determined.
- the charging location evaluation information providing system can provide the user with information on the location where the charging processing has been performed.
- the user can easily grasp the position where the accounting process has been performed, compared to the case where the image captured by the imaging unit is provided from the position where the accounting process has been performed.
- a predetermined mark may be provided at a predetermined reference position.
- the charging position evaluation information providing system it is determined whether or not the image of the predetermined mark is included in the image photographed by the photographing unit, and if it is included, the position of the mark image in the image is determined.
- Information for evaluating the billing position can be provided by a relatively simple process of determining.
- a predetermined mark may be provided above a route along which the vehicle travels, and the photographing unit may be installed upward to perform photographing.
- the imaging unit can more reliably capture an image of the landmark in that the field of view is not shielded in other directions. As a result, the possibility of failing to detect the billing position can be reduced.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a first example of an image captured by a camera 131 in the embodiment.
- 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a first example of an image captured by a camera 132 in the embodiment.
- FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a second example of an image captured by the camera 132 in the embodiment.
- the control unit is a flowchart showing an example of a processing procedure for generating information for evaluating the accuracy of the billing location.
- it is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the screen which a display part displays for the detection of a charging position and charging time.
- it is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the screen which a display part displays after selection of the image of a vehicle is performed.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a screen displayed on a display unit after a row of billing information is selected in the embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a screen displayed on the display unit after a result save button is pressed in the embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the installation position of the microphone in the case of using a sound as a signal in the modification of the embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the installation position of the light reception sensor array in the case of using a laser beam as a signal in the modification of the embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the function structure of the information provision system for charging position evaluation in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. In the embodiment, it is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the change of the height provided in the surface of the road.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a screen displayed on a display unit after a billing information row is selected in the embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a screen displayed on the display unit after a charging allowable range start position passage time and a charging allowable range end position passage time are selected in the embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the road in which the change of the height of the surface was provided in three or more places in the modification of the embodiment.
- control unit is a flowchart showing an example of a processing procedure for generating information for evaluating the accuracy of the billing location.
- it is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the screen which a display part displays for the detection of a charging position.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a screen displayed on a display unit after a billing information row is selected in the embodiment.
- the screen displayed on the display unit after the image captured by the camera and the image captured from the charge allowable range start position or the image captured from the charge allowable range end position are aligned. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of an image captured by a camera when a mark is installed on a roadside in a modification example of the embodiment.
- FIG. 11 when a mark is installed in the sky, it is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an image captured by the camera.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a functional configuration of a billing location evaluation information providing system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the billing position evaluation information providing system 1 includes a billing server device 110, a vehicle 120, and a position detection system 130.
- the vehicle 120 includes an in-vehicle device 121, a signal output control device 122, and a lighting device 123.
- the position detection system 130 includes a camera 131, a camera 132, and a position detection device 140.
- the position detection device 140 includes a display unit 141, an operation input unit 142, a billing server communication unit 143, an image acquisition unit 144, a storage unit 149, and a control unit 150.
- the control unit 150 includes a storage unit management unit 151, a charging location detection unit 152, and a count processing unit 153.
- the charging position evaluation information providing system 1 is a system for evaluating the accuracy of the position where the vehicle-mounted device 121 performs the charging process.
- billing position evaluation information providing system 1 billing points are set, and the vehicle-mounted device 121 performs billing processing when the vehicle 120 passes the billing points.
- position detection system 130 provides the information for evaluating the position where the onboard equipment 121 performed the accounting process.
- the charging point here is a position set as a reference for charging, and charging is performed for a vehicle passing through the charging point.
- a charging point is set as a line having a length in the width direction on a road, and a predetermined range before and after the charging point is set as a charging allowable range.
- the required specification of the automatic charging system requires that the rate at which the vehicle-mounted device 121 performs the charging process within the allowable charging range is a predetermined rate or more.
- the charging location evaluation information providing system 1 provides information for evaluating whether or not the request is satisfied.
- the position where the vehicle-mounted device 121 performs the charging process is referred to as “charging position”.
- the billing server device 110 communicates with the vehicle-mounted device 121 to acquire and store billing information.
- the charging information here is information on the charging process performed by the vehicle-mounted device 121.
- the billing information includes OBE ID (identification information of the OBE), billing time information (information indicating the time when the billing server device 110 performed billing processing), and billing amount information.
- the “billing time” here is the time when billing is performed.
- the vehicle 120 is a vehicle that can travel on a road and can be charged, such as an automobile or a motorcycle.
- the number of vehicles 120 included in the charging location evaluation information providing system 1 may be one or more.
- the billing location evaluation information providing system 1 includes the plurality of vehicles 120, so that the billing location can be evaluated in a situation close to the actual billing situation in which the plurality of vehicles 120 travel simultaneously.
- the vehicle-mounted device 121 is a vehicle-mounted device that acquires vehicle position information and performs billing processing based on the position of the vehicle, for example, including a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver.
- the vehicle-mounted device 121 outputs a signal indicating execution of the charging process to the signal output control device 122 at the timing of performing the charging process.
- the timing at which the charging process is performed here does not have to be strictly the same as the charging process, and may be immediately before the charging process or immediately after the charging process.
- the vehicle-mounted device 121 transmits billing information to the billing server device 110.
- the timing with which onboard equipment 121 transmits billing information is arbitrary.
- the vehicle-mounted device 121 may collectively transmit charging information for a predetermined time to the charging server device 110 at a predetermined time period.
- the vehicle-mounted device 121 may transmit the billing information promptly after performing the billing process.
- the signal output control device 122 controls the lighting device 123.
- the signal output control device 122 acquires a signal indicating execution of the charging process from the vehicle-mounted device 121
- the signal output control device 122 turns on the lighting device 123.
- USB Universal Serial Bus
- the illumination device 123 is lit according to the control of the signal output control device 122.
- the lighting device 123 outputs a light signal at the timing when the charging process based on the position of the vehicle 120 is performed.
- the illumination device 123 corresponds to an example of a signal output unit.
- the position detection system 130 detects the billing position based on the signal from the lighting device 123 and provides information for evaluating the accuracy of the detected position.
- the camera 131 is installed on the side of the road toward the start position of the chargeable range and captures the vehicle 120 traveling near the chargeable range start position.
- the camera 132 is set on the side of the road toward the end position of the chargeable range and captures the vehicle 120 traveling near the chargeable range end position.
- the start position of the chargeable range is referred to as “chargeable range start position”.
- the end position of the chargeable range is referred to as “chargeable range end position”.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement example of the cameras 131 and 132.
- a line L11 indicates a charging point
- an area A11 indicates a charging allowable range. Note that the line L11 and the region A11 are illustrated for explanation. There is no need to display billing points or billing tolerances on the road.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a first example of an image captured by the camera 131.
- the chargeable range start position is located extending vertically in the center of the image of the camera 131. Therefore, it can be determined that the vehicle 120 photographed on the left side of the image is located outside the chargeable range. Furthermore, it can be determined that the lighting device 123 of the vehicle 120 is turned on and the charging process has been performed outside the allowable charging range.
- the lighting device 123 can be lit brightly relatively easily.
- the lighting device 123 may continue to be lit. In this case, if it is determined whether or not the lighting device 123 is lit at each of the chargeable range start position and the chargeable range end position, the chargeable range even if the state of the lighting device 123 within the chargeable range is unknown. It can be determined whether or not charging has been performed.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example of an image taken by the camera 131.
- the vehicle 120 is photographed on the right side of the image and can be determined to be located within the chargeable range. Furthermore, it can be determined that the lighting device 123 of the vehicle 120 is turned on and the charging process has been performed within the allowable charging range.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a first example of an image captured by the camera 132.
- the charging allowable range end position is located extending vertically in the center of the image of the camera 132. Therefore, it can be determined that the vehicle 120 photographed on the left side of the image is located within the charge allowable range. Furthermore, it can be determined that the lighting device 123 of the vehicle 120 is turned on and the charging process has been performed within the allowable charging range.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a second example of an image captured by the camera 132.
- the vehicle 120 is photographed on the right side of the image and can be determined to be located outside the chargeable range.
- the lighting device 123 of the vehicle 120 is turned on and the charging process has been performed outside the allowable charging range.
- it can be determined from the image of the camera 131 and the image of the camera 132 whether or not the charging process has been performed within the allowable charging range. If the lighting device 123 is lit only for a short time, the cameras 131 and 132 capture the entire chargeable range. For this reason, the cameras 131 and 132 are installed at positions where the edges of the images overlap.
- the cameras 131 and 132 correspond to an example of a signal acquisition unit, and are installed at predetermined positions such as right next to the chargeable range start position and right next to the chargeable range end position, and acquire signals from the lighting device 123.
- the “predetermined position” of the camera means, for example, the positions of both ends of an allowable error range (in this embodiment, “acceptable range”) with respect to the position of the charge point (position in the traveling direction).
- the “predetermined position” is a roadside, but may be a position away from the road to some extent as long as the vehicle on the road can be photographed.
- the position detection device 140 detects a charging position based on an image taken by the camera 131 or 132, and provides information for evaluating the accuracy of the detected charging position.
- the position detection device 140 may detect whether or not the charge position is within the charge allowable range, or may detect a more detailed position.
- the position detection device 140 includes, for example, a computer.
- the display unit 141 has a display screen such as a liquid crystal panel, and displays various images.
- the display unit 141 provides information for evaluating the accuracy of the charging position, such as the rate at which charging processing is performed within the allowable charging range.
- the display unit 141 displays an image captured by the cameras 131 and 132.
- the operation input unit 142 has an input device such as a keyboard and a mouse, for example, and receives user operations. In particular, as will be described later, when the user specifies the billing position, the operation input unit 142 receives an operation on the screen display of the display unit 141 and an operation indicating the billing position.
- the billing server communication unit 143 communicates with the billing server device 110 to transmit / receive various information. In particular, the billing server communication unit 143 acquires billing information from the billing server device 110.
- the image acquisition unit 144 functions as an interface with the cameras 131 and 132, and acquires images captured by the cameras 131 and 132 as image data.
- the storage unit 149 includes a storage device included in the position detection device 140 and stores various types of information.
- the storage unit 149 stores image data acquired by the image acquisition unit 144 and charging information acquired by the charging server device 110.
- the control unit 150 controls each unit of the position detection device 140 and performs various processes.
- the control unit 150 is realized by, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) provided in the position detection device 140 reading and executing a program from the storage unit 149.
- a CPU Central Processing Unit
- the storage unit management unit 151 writes information into the storage unit 149, searches for information stored in the storage unit 149, and reads out information from the storage unit 149.
- the charging position detection unit 152 detects the charging position based on the images taken by the cameras 131 and 132.
- the charging position detection unit 152 may detect whether or not the charging position is within the allowable charging range, or may detect a more detailed position.
- the vehicle 120 is allowed to be charged based on the position of the image of the vehicle 120 in the image. It can be determined whether it is located within.
- the charging position detection unit 152 detects the charging position based on the positions of the cameras 131 and 132.
- the billing location detector 152 corresponds to an example of a billing location detector.
- the count processing unit 153 counts the charging position detected by the charging position detection unit 152 for each of the charging allowable range and the charging allowable range, and calculates a rate at which the charging process is performed within the charging allowable range.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a procedure of processing performed by a device mounted on the vehicle 120.
- the vehicle-mounted device 121, the signal output control device 122, and the lighting device 123 start the processing in FIG.
- the onboard equipment 121 acquires position information (step S101).
- the vehicle-mounted device 121 includes a GNSS receiver, and calculates the position of the vehicle-mounted device 121 itself as the position of the vehicle 120.
- the vehicle-mounted device 121 determines whether or not the vehicle 120 has passed the charging point and the charging process in the passage has not been performed based on the position information of the vehicle 120 obtained in step S101 (step S101). S102). When it is determined that the billing point has not been passed or the billing process has been performed (step S102: NO), the process returns to step S101. On the other hand, when it is determined that the vehicle 120 has passed the billing point and the billing process in the passage has not been performed (step S102: YES), the vehicle-mounted device 121 outputs a signal indicating the billing process execution to the signal output control device. The lighting device 123 is turned on under the control of the signal output control device 122 (step S111).
- step S112 the vehicle-mounted device 121 performs a billing process and generates billing information for the billing process. And the onboard equipment 121 transmits the produced
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a processing procedure in which the control unit 150 generates information for evaluating the accuracy of the billing location. For example, when a user operation instructing generation of the information is performed, the control unit 150 starts the process illustrated in FIG. In the process of FIG. 8, the count processing unit 153 resets the values of the chargeable range counter and the chargeable range counter to zero (step S151). Next, the control unit 150 starts a loop L1 for performing processing on each of the vehicles 120 photographed by the cameras 131 and 132 (step S152).
- a vehicle that is a processing target in a loop is referred to as a “target vehicle”.
- billing position detector 152 detects the lighting start position and lighting start time of lighting device 123 of the target vehicle (step S153).
- the charging position detection unit 152 may automatically detect the lighting start position and the lighting start time, or may be performed in response to a user operation.
- the charging position detection unit 152 detects a frame in which the lighting device 123 of the target vehicle starts lighting from the images captured by the cameras 131 and 132.
- the billing position detection unit 152 extracts an image area of the vehicle 120 from each frame by the background subtraction method.
- the billing position detection unit 152 performs pixel value difference processing between frames whose shooting times are adjacent to each other for the extracted region.
- a large difference occurs in the portion of the lighting device 123. Therefore, when the size of the difference area is equal to or larger than a certain value, the charging position detection unit 152 determines that the lighting device 123 is turned on. Then, the charging position detection unit 152 determines whether or not the position of the target vehicle is within the charging allowable range by the method described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6, and uses the determination result as charging position information.
- the billing position detection unit 152 acquires the shooting time of the detected frame and uses it as billing time information.
- the charging position detection unit 152 may obtain a more detailed charging position. For example, in addition to the above processing, the charging position detection unit 152 detects an image when the target vehicle passes the charging allowable range start position, and acquires the shooting time of the image as the charging allowable range start position passing time. To do. The charging position detection unit 152 detects an image when the target vehicle passes the charging allowable range end position, and acquires the shooting time of the image as the charging allowable range end position passing time. Then, the charging position detection unit 152 obtains a ratio between the time from the charging allowable range start position passing through to the lighting start and the time from the lighting start to charging allowable range end position passing through.
- the charging position detection unit 152 calculates the charging position on the assumption that the charging process is performed at a position advanced by the calculated ratio in the entire charging allowable range. As a result, the billing position detection unit 152 can obtain the billing position when the target vehicle is traveling at a substantially constant speed within the billing allowable range in more detail.
- the billing location detector 152 detects the billing information of the target vehicle from the billing information and associates it with the billing location obtained in step S153 (step S154). Specifically, the billing position detection unit 152 detects billing information in which the lighting start time obtained in step S153 matches the billing time from the billing information. Then, the charging location detection unit 152 causes the storage unit 149 to store the obtained charging information and the charging location information obtained in step S153 in association with each other. As will be described later, the billing position detection unit 152 may perform the process of step S154 in response to the user operation in addition to the process of step S153. If it is not necessary to associate the billing information with the billing location, the billing location detector 152 may not perform the process of step S154.
- the count processing unit 153 determines whether or not the charging position obtained in step S153 is within the allowable charging range (step S155). If it is determined that it is within the chargeable range (step S155: YES), the count processing unit 153 increases the value of the chargeable range counter by 1 (step S161). And the control part 150 performs the termination process of the loop L1 (step S181). Specifically, the control unit 150 determines whether or not there is a vehicle 120 that has not completed the process of the loop L1 among the vehicles 120 captured in the image to be processed. If it is determined that there is a vehicle 120 that has not completed processing, the process returns to step S151, and processing is performed on the vehicle 120 that has not completed processing. On the other hand, when it is determined that there is no vehicle 120 that has not completed the process, the loop L1 is terminated. After finishing the loop L1, the processing of FIG. 8 is finished.
- step S155 when it is determined in step S155 that the charging position obtained in step S153 is outside the allowable charging range (step S155: NO), the count processing unit 153 increases the value of the charging allowable outside range counter by 1 (step S155). S171). After step S171, the process proceeds to step S181.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a screen displayed by the display unit 141 for detecting the charging position and the charging time.
- the display unit 141 displays one frame of an image captured by the camera 131 in the area A21.
- the display unit 141 displays a frame at the same shooting time as the frame of the region A21 in the image captured by the camera 132 in the region A22.
- the display unit 141 displays the shooting time of the frame displayed in the area A21 and the frame displayed in the area A22 in the area A24.
- the display unit 141 displays billing information in the area A23.
- the billing information shown in the area A23 is shown in a table format, and one row shows one billing information.
- Each row includes items of transaction ID, billing time, vehicle-mounted device ID, and vehicle type.
- the transaction ID is identification information for identifying each billing.
- the time when the corresponding billing is performed, the identification information of the vehicle-mounted device 121 that performed the billing, and the vehicle type information of the vehicle 120 that is the subject of the billing are stored. Has been.
- the line for which charging is performed at the time shown in the area A24 is displayed separately from the other lines.
- the display unit 141 displays operation buttons for moving the time back and forth in the area A25.
- the display unit 141 displays an operation button for instructing to save the processing result in the area A26.
- the user selects an image of the vehicle 120 that has started lighting the lighting device 123. That is, the user selects an image of the vehicle 120 in which the lighting device 123 is turned off in the previous frame from among the images of the vehicle 120 in which the lighting device 123 is turned on.
- the charging position detection unit 152 detects the charging position based on the position of the selected image of the vehicle 120, as in the case where the process of step S153 is automatically performed.
- the billing position detection unit 152 sets the time displayed in the area A24 as the billing time.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a screen displayed on the display unit 141 after the image of the vehicle 120 is selected.
- the display unit 141 displays the selected image of the vehicle 120 with a mark.
- the user can confirm that the selection has been made correctly, and work errors can be reduced.
- the user selects a row indicating charging for the vehicle 120 that has selected the image from among the rows of charging information.
- the billing information when there are a plurality of rows in which the billing time matches the photographing time, the user selects one of the rows based on, for example, vehicle type information.
- the charging position detection unit 152 may automatically select the line. Note that if the association between the billing information and the billing location is not required, it is not necessary to select the billing information row.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a screen displayed on the display unit 141 after the selection of the billing information row.
- the display unit 141 displays the selected line in distinction from other lines. As a result, the user can confirm that the selection has been made correctly, and work errors can be reduced.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a screen displayed on the display unit 141 after the result save button is pressed.
- the display unit 141 displays the selected image and the selected row separately from others. This completes the process for one vehicle 120 (therefore, one process in steps S153 and S154).
- steps S153 and S154 are similarly performed for other target vehicles in the loop L1. Specifically, from the state of the screen in FIG. 12, the user performs the same operation as described above for the other vehicle 120 on which the image is displayed. In the displayed image, when there is no other vehicle 120 that has started lighting the lighting device 123, the user operates the operation button in the area A25 (FIG. 9), and the same is true for all the times at which images are obtained. Perform the process.
- the lighting device 123 is mounted on the vehicle 120 and outputs a light signal at a timing at which a charging process based on the position of the vehicle 120 is performed.
- the camera 131 and the camera 132 are installed at predetermined positions and acquire a signal from the lighting device 123.
- the charging position detection unit 152 detects the position where the charging process has been performed based on the signal acquired by the camera 131 or the camera 132.
- the billing position detection unit 152 detects the billing position by detecting the position of the illumination device 123 that has output the light based on at least one of the image of the camera 131 and the image of the camera 132. .
- the charging position evaluation information providing system 1 can provide information for evaluating the charging position at a relatively low cost without requiring an expensive apparatus such as a high-accuracy position locating apparatus.
- the high-accuracy position locating device requires adjustment when installed in the vehicle.
- the burden on the person making the adjustment is large.
- the charging position evaluation information providing system 1 it is not necessary to make special adjustments for the devices mounted on the vehicle 120. The burden on the person who installs is relatively small.
- the lighting device 123 outputs light as a signal, and the cameras 131 and 132 capture an image including an image of the vehicle 120. Then, the billing position detection unit 152 detects the position where the billing process has been performed based on the position of the image of the vehicle 120 in which the lighting device 123 is lit, which is included in images captured by the cameras 131 and 132.
- the cameras 131 and 132 which are examples of the signal acquisition unit, capture images, so that signals can be acquired not only in one direction but also in the range of angle of view. Thereby, the number of signal acquisition units provided in the billing position evaluation information providing system 1 can be reduced. In this respect, the configuration of the billing position evaluation information providing system 1 can be simplified, and the burden on the operator who installs the signal acquisition unit can be reduced.
- a near-infrared light may be used as the illumination device 123
- a near-infrared camera may be used as the cameras 131 and 132.
- the charging position evaluation information providing system 1 may use another signal instead of or in addition to the light output from the lighting device 123. This point will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14.
- FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a microphone installation position when sound is used as a signal.
- the speaker SP is mounted on the vehicle 120 instead of the lighting device 123.
- a microphone MI is installed instead of the cameras 131 and 132.
- the microphone MI is installed in the width direction of the road (perpendicular to the traveling direction of the vehicle). Also, as shown in FIG. 13, a plurality of microphones MI are installed so as to correspond to at least the entire chargeable range. If it is necessary to detect the billing position even when billing processing is performed outside the billing allowable range, a microphone MI is further installed corresponding to the outside of the billing allowable range.
- the speaker SP outputs a sound at the timing when the vehicle-mounted device 121 performs the charging process, and one of the microphones MI acquires the sound from the speaker SP.
- the charging position detection unit 152 can detect the charging position based on the position where the microphone MI that has acquired the loudest sound is installed.
- the billing position detection unit 152 detects the billing position based on the sound information from the speaker SP.
- the sound information here may be the presence or absence of sound, and the sound information here may be the presence or absence of sound, or sound pressure or sound pressure distribution in a plurality of microphones. May be the characteristic.
- the billing position detection unit 152 acquires the loudest sound based on the presence or absence of sound output from the speaker SP or the loudness (sound pressure) of the acquired sound. Specify the MI. Then, the billing position detection unit 152 detects the billing position by detecting the position of the speaker SP that has output the sound based on the detected position of the microphone MI. For example, the microphone MI and a position on the road corresponding to the position of the microphone MI are associated with each other in advance, and the charging position detection unit detects the position on the road associated with the microphone MI that has acquired the loudest sound. Are detected as billing positions.
- the charging position detection unit 152 or the distance between the speaker SP and the microphone MI or the speaker SP and the microphone MI The relative position may be detected.
- the billing position detection unit 152 corrects the position on the road associated with the speaker SP based on the distance between the speaker SP and the microphone MI or the relative position between the speaker SP and the microphone MI. Note that when the charging position detection unit 152 estimates the distance between the speaker SP and the microphone MI based on the sound pressure of the sound acquired by the microphone MI, the number of microphones MI to be installed may be one. In order to detect the billing position with higher accuracy, it is desirable that at least one of the speaker SP and the microphone MI has directivity.
- FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the installation position of the light receiving sensor array when laser light is used as a signal.
- the laser device LA is mounted on the vehicle 120 instead of the illumination device 123.
- the laser device here is a device that outputs laser light.
- a light receiving sensor PS is installed.
- the light receiving sensor is a sensor capable of detecting that light having a predetermined intensity or more is received.
- the laser device LA is installed in the direction of outputting the laser beam in the width direction of the road.
- the light receiving sensor PS is installed in a direction that matches the direction of the laser light output from the laser device LA.
- a plurality of light receiving sensors PS are installed along a road that is an example of a travel route of the vehicle 120 so as to correspond to at least the entire chargeable range.
- a light receiving sensor PS is further installed corresponding to the outside of the billing allowable range.
- the laser device LA outputs a laser beam at the timing when the vehicle-mounted device 121 performs the charging process.
- a set of light receiving sensors PS corresponds to an example of a signal acquisition unit, and any of the light receiving sensors PS receives laser light from the laser device LA.
- the billing position detection unit 152 can detect the billing position based on which light receiving sensor first receives the laser beam (information on that). As described above, the billing position detector 152 detects the billing position based on the laser beam output from the laser device LA. More specifically, the billing position detection unit 152 first identifies the light receiving sensor PS that has received the laser light, and based on the position of the identified laser light receiving sensor PS, the position of the laser device LA that has output the laser light. The billing position is detected by detecting.
- the light receiving sensor PS and a position on the road according to the position of the light receiving sensor PS are associated in advance, and the charging position detection unit is associated with the light receiving sensor PS that first acquired the laser light.
- the position on the road is detected as the charging position (that is, the charging position is detected based on the position of the light receiving sensor PS itself).
- a sensor capable of detecting the direction of receiving light is used as the light receiving sensor PS, and the charging position detection unit 152 receives the charging position and the light reception based on the direction in which the light receiving sensor PS receives light (first).
- the relative position with respect to the sensor PS may be detected.
- the billing position detection unit 152 corrects the position on the road associated with the light receiving sensor PS that has acquired the light based on the relative position between the billing position and the light receiving sensor PS, and bills the corrected position.
- the charging position may be determined (ie, the charging position is detected based on both the position of the light receiving sensor PS itself and the relative position between the charging position and the light receiving sensor PS).
- the laser device LA has a spread in the height direction as shown in FIG. Laser light may be output.
- another device that outputs directional light may be mounted on the vehicle 120.
- a lighting device and a slit may be mounted on the vehicle 120, and light output from the lighting device may be passed through the slit.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic block diagram showing a functional configuration of a billing location evaluation information providing system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the billing position evaluation information providing system 2 includes a billing server device 110, a vehicle 220, and a position detection device 240.
- the vehicle 220 includes an in-vehicle device 221, an acceleration sensor 224, and an acceleration recording device 225.
- the position detection device 240 includes a display unit 141, an operation input unit 142, a charge server communication unit 143, a vehicle communication unit 245, and a control unit 250.
- the control unit 250 includes a storage unit management unit 151, a charging location detection unit 252, and a count processing unit 153. 15, parts having the same functions corresponding to the parts in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals (110, 141, 142, 143, 149, 151, 153), and description thereof is omitted.
- the billing location evaluation information providing system 2 is a system for evaluating the accuracy of the billing location, similar to the billing location evaluation information providing system 1.
- charging position evaluation information providing system 2 is different from charging position evaluation information providing system 1 in that the charging position is detected based on acceleration in vehicle 220.
- the vehicle 220 is a vehicle that can travel on a road and can be charged.
- the installed device is different from the case of the vehicle 120.
- the vehicle-mounted device 221 is different from the vehicle-mounted device 121 in that it is not necessary to output a signal that the vehicle-mounted device 121 outputs to the signal output control device 122. Other functions of the vehicle-mounted device 221 are the same as those of the vehicle-mounted device 121.
- the vehicle-mounted device 221 corresponds to an example of a charging processing unit.
- the acceleration sensor 224 measures the acceleration of the acceleration sensor 224 itself.
- the acceleration of the acceleration sensor 224 is used as the acceleration of the vehicle 220.
- the acceleration sensor 224 can measure at least the acceleration in the vertical direction.
- the acceleration sensor 224 detects an action of a force on the vehicle 220 due to a change in the height of a surface provided at a predetermined position on a route along which the vehicle 220 travels by detecting acceleration or a change in acceleration. To do.
- the acceleration sensor 224 corresponds to an example of a force detection unit.
- the acceleration sensor may be used as the acceleration sensor 224.
- In-vehicle devices that perform billing processing based on position information often include an acceleration sensor to correct the position information.
- the acceleration recording device 225 stores the history of acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor 224 in association with the time.
- the acceleration recording device 225 communicates with the vehicle-to-vehicle communication unit 245. In particular, the acceleration recording device 225 transmits the acceleration history to the vehicle communication unit 245.
- the position detection device 240 detects a charging position based on the acceleration measured by the acceleration sensor 224, and provides information for evaluating the accuracy of the detected charging position.
- the position detection device 240 may detect whether or not the charge position is within the charge allowable range, or may detect a more detailed position.
- the position detection device 240 includes, for example, a computer.
- the vehicle-to-vehicle communication unit 245 communicates with the acceleration recording device 225.
- the control unit 250 is different from the control unit 150 in a specific process for detecting the charging position. Other functions of the control unit 250 are the same as those of the control unit 150.
- the control unit 250 is realized, for example, when the CPU included in the position detection device 240 reads and executes a program from the storage unit 149.
- the charging position detection unit 252 detects the position where the charging process has been performed based on the timing at which the vehicle-mounted device 221 performs the charging process and the timing at which the acceleration sensor 224 detects the force.
- the charging position detection unit 152 may detect whether or not the charging position is within the allowable charging range, or may detect a more detailed position.
- FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a change in height provided on the surface of a road.
- a line L11 indicates a charging point
- an area A11 indicates a charging allowable range.
- the charging point and the allowable charging range are the same as in the first embodiment. Note that the line L11 and the region A11 are illustrated for explanation. There is no need to display billing points or billing tolerances on the road.
- a protrusion PR1 that is long in the width direction of the road is provided at the chargeable range start position.
- the acceleration sensor 224 detects a change in acceleration.
- the change in the acceleration indicates the timing at which the vehicle 220 passes the chargeable range start position in the acceleration history stored in the acceleration recording device 225.
- a protruding portion PR2 that is long in the width direction of the road is provided at the charging allowable range end position.
- the acceleration sensor 224 detects a change in acceleration.
- the change in acceleration indicates the timing at which the vehicle 220 passes through the charge allowable range end position in the acceleration history stored in the acceleration recording device 225.
- the change in the height of the surface of the road is not limited to surface irregularities such as a change in height due to the protruding portion, as long as the acceleration sensor 224 can detect the change in acceleration.
- a depression may be provided on the surface of the road and the height may be changed.
- a step may be provided on the surface of the road to change the height.
- FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a first example of the relationship between the time at which the acceleration changes and the billing time.
- the horizontal axis of the graph in the figure represents time, and the vertical axis represents acceleration.
- the graph shows the history of acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor 224.
- Time T11 indicates an example of the charging allowable range start position passage time detected by the charging position detection unit 252 from the acceleration history.
- Time T12 shows an example of the charging allowable range end position passage time detected by the charging position detection unit 252 from the acceleration history.
- Time T21 indicates an example of billing time. Since the time T21 is earlier than the time T11, the charging position detection unit 252 determines that the vehicle-mounted device 221 has performed charging processing outside the allowable charging range.
- the charging position detection unit 252 acquires the history of acceleration measured by the acceleration sensor 224 from the acceleration recording device 225 via the vehicle communication unit 245, and the charging allowable range start position passing time and the charging allowable range. The end position passing time is detected.
- the billing position detection unit 252 acquires the billing time by the vehicle-mounted device 221 from the billing server device 110 via the billing server communication unit 143. Then, the charging position detection unit 252 determines whether or not the charging process is performed within the charging allowable range from the context of the charging allowable range start position passing time, the charging allowable range end position passing time, and the charging time, The determination result is acquired as a billing position.
- the charging position detection unit 252 when the charging time is located between the charging allowable range start position passage time and the charging allowable range end position passage time, the charging position detection unit 252 indicates that the charging process is performed within the charging allowable range. judge. On the other hand, when the charging time is earlier than the charging allowable range start position passage time or when the charging time is later than the charging allowable range end position passage time, the charging position detection unit 252 performs the charging process within the charging allowable range. Judge that there was no.
- FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example of the relationship between the time at which the acceleration changes and the billing time.
- the acceleration graph shown in the figure and times T11 and T12 are the same as those in FIG.
- the example of FIG. 18 differs from the case of FIG. 17 in that the time T22 indicating the billing time is located between the time T11 and the time T12.
- the charging position detection unit 252 determines that the vehicle-mounted device 221 has performed the charging process within the allowable charging range.
- FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a third example of the relationship between the time at which the acceleration changes and the billing time.
- the acceleration graph shown in the figure and times T11 and T12 are the same as those in FIG.
- the example of FIG. 19 differs from the case of FIG. 17 in that the time T23 indicating the billing time is later than the time T12.
- the charging position detection unit 252 determines that the vehicle-mounted device 221 has performed charging processing outside the allowable charging range.
- the charging position detection unit 252 may obtain a more detailed lighting start position. Specifically, the charging position detection unit 252 obtains a ratio between the time from the charging allowable range start position passing to the charging process and the time from the charging processing to the charging allowable range end position passing. Then, the charging position detection unit 252 calculates the charging position on the assumption that the charging process has been performed at a position advanced by the calculated ratio in the entire charging allowable range. As a result, the billing position detection unit 252 can obtain the billing position when the vehicle 220 is traveling at a substantially constant speed within the chargeable range in more detail.
- FIG. 20 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a procedure of processing performed by a device mounted on the vehicle 220.
- the vehicle-mounted device 221, the acceleration sensor 224, and the acceleration recording device 225 start the processing in FIG.
- the acceleration recording device 225 stores the acceleration measured by the acceleration sensor 224 in association with the time (step S201).
- Steps S202 to S203 are the same as steps S101 to S102 in FIG. If it is determined in step S203 that the vehicle 220 has passed the billing point and the billing process for the passage has not been performed (step S203: YES), the process proceeds to step S211. Steps S211 to S212 are the same as steps S112 to S113 in FIG. After step S212, the process returns to step S201.
- step S203 when it is determined in step S203 that the vehicle 220 has not passed the billing point or the billing process has not been performed (step S203: NO), the acceleration recording device 225 determines that the untransmitted acceleration history is predetermined. It is determined whether time has been accumulated (step S221). If it is determined that unsent acceleration history has not accumulated for a predetermined time (step S221: NO), the process returns to step S201. On the other hand, when it is determined that the untransmitted acceleration history has accumulated for a predetermined time (step S221: YES), the acceleration recording device 225 transmits the untransmitted acceleration history to the vehicle communication unit 245 (step S231). . After step S231, the process returns to step S201.
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a processing procedure in which the control unit 250 generates information for evaluating the accuracy of the billing location. For example, when a user operation instructing generation of the information is performed, the control unit 250 starts the process illustrated in FIG. In the process of FIG. 21, the control unit 250 performs the processes of steps S253 to S256 instead of the processes of steps S153 to S154 of FIG. In the loop L1 in FIG. 8, the control unit 150 performs processing for each of the vehicles 120 photographed by the cameras 131 and 132, whereas in the loop L2 in FIG. The unit 245 performs processing for each of the vehicles 220 that has acquired the acceleration history from the acceleration recording device 225. Other than that, it is the same as the processing of FIG.
- step S253 the billing position detection unit 252 performs the first time that the acceleration changes by a predetermined magnitude or more from the acceleration history obtained from the acceleration recording device 225 of the target vehicle, as illustrated at time T11 in FIG. The time of is detected.
- step S254 the billing position detection unit 252 performs the second time that the acceleration changes by a predetermined magnitude or more, as exemplified by time T12 in FIG. 17, from the acceleration history obtained from the acceleration recording device 225 of the target vehicle. The time of is detected. It should be noted that the charging position detection unit 252 may automatically detect the first time and the second time when the acceleration changes by a predetermined magnitude or more in steps S253 and S254, or in response to a user operation. May be performed.
- the billing position detector 252 detects the billing time in the target vehicle from the billing information.
- the acceleration recording device 225 transmits the vehicle-mounted device ID to the vehicle-to-vehicle communication unit 245 together with the acceleration history, and the charging position detecting unit 252 acquires the charging time associated with the vehicle-mounted device ID in the charging information.
- step S256 it is determined whether or not the position of the target vehicle is within the chargeable range by the method described with reference to FIGS. 17 to 19, and the determination result is used as charge position information.
- FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a screen displayed by the display unit 141 for detection of a charging position.
- the display unit 141 displays the acceleration history in a graph in the area A31.
- the horizontal axis of the graph of the area A31 indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates acceleration.
- the display unit 141 displays billing information in the area A32.
- the point that the display unit 141 displays the billing information in a tabular form, the point that one row indicates one piece of billing information, and the items included in each row are the same as in the case of FIG. is there.
- the display unit 141 displays an operation button for instructing to save the processing result in the area A33.
- One line is selected in the billing information shown in the area A32, and an acceleration history corresponding to the selected line is shown in the area A31.
- lines L31 to L33 are shown in the area A31.
- a line L32 indicates the charging time.
- a line L31 indicates the estimated time for passing the chargeable range start position.
- a line L33 indicates the estimated time for passing the chargeable range end position.
- the lines L31 and L33 are displayed for reference and are not essential.
- the charging position detection unit 252 acquires speed information of the vehicle 220 at the charging point. Then, charging position detection unit 252 divides the distance from the charging allowable range start position to the charging point by the speed, and calculates the required time from the charging allowable range start position to the charging point. Then, the charging position detection unit 252 subtracts the obtained required time from the charging time to obtain an estimated time for passing through the charging allowable range start position. Similarly, charging position detection unit 252 calculates the required time from the charging point to the charging allowable range end position by dividing the distance from the charging point to the charging allowable range end position by the speed. Then, the billing position detection unit 252 adds the obtained required time to the billing time to obtain the estimated time for passing the billing allowable range end position.
- FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a screen displayed by the display unit 141 before a billing information row is selected.
- the display unit 141 displays billing information but does not display the acceleration history.
- the user selects any row of the billing information.
- FIG. 24 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a screen displayed on the display unit 141 after a billing information row is selected.
- the display unit 141 displays an acceleration history corresponding to the selected row.
- the user selects a charging allowable range start position passage time and a charging allowable range end position passage time on the graph. For example, the user selects a time at which the magnitude of the change in acceleration is the maximum as the chargeable range start position passage time and the chargeable range end position passage time.
- FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a screen displayed on the display unit 141 after the charging allowable range start position passage time and the charging allowable range end position passage time are selected.
- the display unit 141 indicates the selected time with a mark on the graph.
- the user can confirm that the selection has been made correctly, and work errors can be reduced.
- the user presses the result save button (for example, clicks the mouse) to confirm the selection.
- the charging allowable range start position passage time, the charging allowable range end position passage time, and the charging time are fixed, and the charging position detection unit 252 uses the method described with reference to FIGS. It is determined whether or not the position of the vehicle is within the allowable charging range, and the determination result is used as charging position information. This completes the process for one vehicle 220 (therefore, one process of steps S253 to S256). Further, the processing of steps S253 to S256 is similarly performed for other target vehicles in the loop L2.
- the acceleration sensor 224 detects the action of force on the vehicle 220 due to the change in the height of the surface provided at a predetermined position on the road.
- the charging position detection unit 252 detects the position where the charging process has been performed based on the timing at which the vehicle-mounted device 221 performs the charging process and the timing at which the acceleration sensor 224 detects the action of the force.
- the charging position evaluation information providing system 2 can provide information for evaluating the charging position at a relatively low cost without requiring an expensive device such as a high-accuracy position locating device.
- the billing position evaluation information providing system 2 it is not necessary to make special adjustments for the devices mounted on the vehicle 220. In particular, even when the billing location is evaluated for a large number of vehicles, the devices are installed in the vehicle 220. The burden on the person is relatively small.
- the acceleration sensor 224 detects the action of force on the vehicle 220 during traveling due to changes in the height of the surfaces provided at two places on the route along which the vehicle 220 travels. Then, the billing position detection unit 152 detects whether or not the billing position is included in the range defined as both ends of the two places. As a result, the billing position detection unit 152 can detect the billing position with a simple operation of determining the longitudinal relationship between the timing at which the acceleration sensor 224 detects the action of the force and the billing time.
- the acceleration sensor 224 detects the action of force on the vehicle 220 during traveling due to the change in the height of the surface further provided between the two locations, and the charging position detection unit 152 causes the vehicle 220 to travel.
- a section including the position where the billing process is performed may be detected.
- the billing position detection unit 152 can detect the position where the billing process has been performed in more detail.
- the acceleration recording device 225 may store the acceleration history only near the chargeable range. For example, the acceleration recording device 225 acquires the position information from the vehicle-mounted device 221 and stores the acceleration history only when it is determined that the distance is within a predetermined distance from the chargeable range. Thereby, the amount of data stored in the acceleration recording device 225 can be reduced, and the storage capacity of the acceleration recording device 225 can be reduced. Further, since the data size of the acceleration history is reduced, the processing load for the charging position detection unit 252 to detect the charging allowable range start position passage time and the charging allowable range end position passage time from the acceleration history is reduced.
- the acceleration recording device 225 When the acceleration recording device 225 detects the first vibration, the estimated time until the second vibration is calculated based on the speed of the vehicle-mounted device 221, and the acceleration is calculated only in the vicinity of the obtained predicted time. A history may be stored. Thereby, the amount of data stored in the acceleration recording device 225 can be further reduced, and the storage capacity of the acceleration recording device 225 can be further reduced. Further, since the data size of the acceleration history is further reduced, the processing load for the charging position detection unit 252 to detect the charging allowable range start position passage time and the charging allowable range end position passage time from the acceleration history is further reduced. Alternatively, the acceleration recording device 225 may store information on time at which a change in acceleration of a predetermined magnitude or more is detected instead of the acceleration history.
- the charging position detection unit 252 or the acceleration recording device 225 may select a threshold value for detecting a change in acceleration of a predetermined magnitude or more according to the vehicle type of the vehicle 220. For example, when the vehicle 220 is a large vehicle, it is considered that vibration is less likely than when the vehicle 220 is a small vehicle. Therefore, when vehicle 220 is a large vehicle, charging position detection unit 252 uses a smaller threshold than when vehicle 220 is a small vehicle. Thereby, the billing position detection unit 252 can more accurately detect the timing at which the acceleration changes greatly.
- FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a road in which a change in surface height is provided at three or more locations.
- three places are provided within the chargeable range and four places outside the chargeable range.
- the change of the height of the surface is provided in nine places located in a line at equal intervals.
- FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of acceleration history in the case where changes in surface height are provided at three or more locations on the road.
- the horizontal axis of the graph in the figure represents time, and the vertical axis represents acceleration.
- FIG. 27 shows an example of acceleration when the vehicle 220 travels on the road shown in FIG.
- the billing position detection unit 252 can detect the billing position in more detail by determining which timing of which of the nine times the billing time is located.
- FIG. 28 is a schematic block diagram showing a functional configuration of a billing location evaluation information providing system according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the billing location evaluation information providing system 3 includes a billing server device 110, a vehicle 320, and a location detection device 340.
- the vehicle 320 includes an in-vehicle device 221, a camera 326, and a camera control device 327.
- the position detection device 340 includes a display unit 141, an operation input unit 142, a charge server communication unit 143, a vehicle communication unit 245, and a control unit 350.
- the control unit 350 includes a storage unit management unit 151, a charging location detection unit 352, and a count processing unit 153.
- the same reference numerals 110, 141, 142, 143, 149, 151, 153, 221, 245) are given to the portions having the same functions corresponding to the respective portions in FIG. 1 or FIG. Is omitted.
- the charging location evaluation information providing system 3 is a system for evaluating the accuracy of the charging location, similar to the charging location evaluation information providing system 1.
- the charging position evaluation information providing system 3 is different from the charging position evaluation information providing system 1 in that the charging position is detected based on an image taken from the vehicle 320.
- the vehicle 320 is a vehicle that can travel on a road and can be charged.
- the installed device is different from the case of the vehicle 120.
- the camera 326 is mounted on the vehicle 320 and images the outside from the vehicle 320 at a timing when a charging process based on the position of the vehicle 320 is performed.
- the camera 326 corresponds to an example of a photographing unit.
- the camera 326 is installed at a right angle to the traveling direction of the vehicle 320 and takes an image corresponding to the position of the vehicle 320.
- the camera control device 327 controls the camera 326. In particular, when the camera control device 327 acquires a signal indicating execution of the charging process from the vehicle-mounted device 121, the camera control device 327 causes the camera 326 to perform shooting.
- the camera control apparatus 327 transmits the image image
- the control unit 350 is different from the control unit 150 in a specific process for detecting the charging position. Other functions of the control unit 350 are the same as those of the control unit 150.
- the control unit 350 is realized, for example, when the CPU included in the position detection device 340 reads and executes a program from the storage unit 149.
- the charging position detection unit 352 detects the position where the charging process has been performed based on the image captured by the camera 326.
- the charging position detection unit 352 may detect whether or not the charging position is within the allowable charging range, or may detect a more detailed position.
- FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of an image captured by the camera 326.
- a line L11 indicates a charging point
- an area A11 indicates a charging allowable range.
- the charging point and the allowable charging range are the same as in the first embodiment. Note that the line L11 and the region A11 are illustrated for explanation. There is no need to display billing points or billing tolerances on the road.
- the charging position detection unit 352 can detect the charging position based on the image captured by the camera 326.
- the storage unit 149 stores in advance images taken from the chargeable range start position and images taken from the chargeable range end position, and the charge position detection unit 352 stores these images and the camera 326.
- the billing position is detected by comparing the captured image.
- the charging position detection unit 352 may perform processing in real time on the image captured by the camera 326, and the storage unit 149 may capture an image captured from the charging allowable range start position or the charging allowable range. You may make it memorize
- the charging position can be detected based on an image captured by the camera 326, the image corresponds to an example of information for evaluating the position where the charging process is performed.
- FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a first example of a positional relationship when an image captured from the chargeable range start position and an image captured by the camera 326 are superimposed.
- an area A41 shows an image taken from the chargeable range start position.
- An area A42 indicates the position of the image captured by the camera 326 when the image captured by the camera 326 is superimposed on the image captured from the chargeable range start position.
- the image captured by the camera 326 is shifted to the left with respect to the image captured from the chargeable range start position.
- the camera 326 is shooting while facing the left side with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle 320. Therefore, it can be determined that the camera 326 has taken a picture before the chargeable range start position (outside the chargeable range).
- FIG. 31 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example of the positional relationship when an image captured from the chargeable range start position and an image captured by the camera 326 are superimposed.
- an area A41 shows an image taken from the chargeable range start position, as in FIG.
- An area A43 indicates the position of the image captured by the camera 326 when the image captured by the camera 326 is superimposed on the image captured from the chargeable range start position.
- the image captured by the camera 326 is arranged to be shifted to the right with respect to the image captured from the chargeable range start position.
- the camera 326 is shooting in the left direction with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle 320. Therefore, it can be determined that the camera 326 has taken a picture from a position (within the charge allowable range) that is ahead of the charge allowable range start position.
- FIG. 32 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a first example of a positional relationship when an image captured from the charging allowable range end position and an image captured by the camera 326 are superimposed.
- an area A51 shows an image taken from the charge allowable range end position.
- a region A52 indicates the position of the image captured by the camera 326 when the image captured by the camera 326 is superimposed on the image captured from the charge allowable range end position.
- the image photographed by the camera 326 is shifted to the left with respect to the image photographed from the charge allowable range start position. Similar to the case of FIG. 30, in the example of FIG. 32, the camera 326 is shooting in the left direction with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle 320. Therefore, it can be determined that the camera 326 has taken a picture before the charge allowable range end position (within the charge allowable range).
- FIG. 33 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example of the positional relationship when an image captured from the charging allowable range end position and an image captured by the camera 326 are superimposed.
- the area A51 shows an image taken from the charge allowable range end position
- An area A53 indicates the position of the image captured by the camera 326 when the image captured by the camera 326 is superimposed on the image captured from the charge allowable range end position.
- the image photographed by the camera 326 is shifted to the right side with respect to the image photographed from the charge allowable range end position. Similar to the case of FIG. 30, in the example of FIG. 33, the camera 326 is shooting in the left direction with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle 320. Therefore, it can be determined that the camera 326 has taken an image from a position (outside the charge allowable range) that is ahead of the charge allowable range end position. In this manner, the charging position detection unit 352 overlaps an image captured by the camera 326 with an image captured from the charging allowable range start position or an image captured from the charging allowable range end position. Based on the positional relationship, the charging position is detected.
- FIG. 34 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a procedure of processing performed by a device mounted on the vehicle 320.
- step S ⁇ b> 311 the vehicle-mounted device 121 outputs a signal indicating execution of the charging process to the camera control device 327, and the camera 326 performs shooting according to the control of the camera control device 327.
- FIG. 35 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a processing procedure in which the control unit 350 generates information for evaluating the accuracy of the billing location. For example, when a user operation instructing generation of the information is performed, the control unit 350 starts the process illustrated in FIG. In the process of FIG. 35, the control unit 350 performs the processes of steps S353 to S354 instead of the processes of steps S153 to S154 of FIG. In the loop L1 in FIG. 8, the control unit 150 performs processing for each of the vehicles 120 photographed by the cameras 131 and 132, whereas in the loop L3 in FIG. The unit 245 performs processing for each of the vehicles 320 that have acquired images from the camera control device 327. Other than that, it is the same as the processing of FIG.
- charging position detection unit 352 superimposes the image captured by camera 326 with the image of the charging allowable range start position and the image of the charging allowable range end position.
- the charging position detection unit 352 may automatically perform image superimposition in step S353, or may be performed in response to a user operation.
- the charging position detection unit 352 extracts the feature points from the two images to be overlapped, and detects the positional relationship between the images by matching the feature points.
- the billing position detection unit 352 can use an algorithm having universality with respect to size and luminance, such as SIFT (Scale-Invariant Feature Transform).
- FIG. 36 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a screen displayed by the display unit 141 for detecting the billing position.
- the display unit 141 displays an image captured by the camera 326 in the area A61. Further, the display unit 141 displays, in the area A62, an image photographed from the charge allowable range start position and an image photographed from the charge allowable range end position. The display unit 141 displays the billing information in the area A63. The point that the display unit 141 displays the billing information in a tabular form, the point that one row indicates one piece of billing information, and the items included in each row are the same as in the case of FIG. is there. The display unit 141 displays an operation button for instructing to save the processing result in the area A64.
- One line is selected in the billing information shown in the area A63, and an image corresponding to the selected line is shown in the area A61.
- the image displayed in the area A61 can be moved left and right by a user operation such as a mouse drag operation.
- the user can align the image captured by the camera 326 with the image captured from the chargeable range start position and the image captured from the chargeable range end position.
- This alignment makes it possible to grasp the positional relationship between an image taken by the camera 326 and an image taken from the chargeable range start position and an image taken from the chargeable range end position, as in the case of image superposition. .
- the line L61 indicates the center of the image taken by the camera 326.
- a line L62 indicates the center of the image taken from the chargeable range start position.
- a line L63 indicates the center of the image taken from the charge allowable range end position.
- these lines are not essential.
- the display unit 141 displays these lines, the user can grasp the positional relationship of the images more accurately.
- FIG. 37 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a screen displayed on the display unit 141 before a billing information row is selected.
- the display unit 141 displays billing information, an image taken from the chargeable range start position, and an image taken from the chargeable range end position, but displays an image taken by the camera 326. Not. In the state of FIG. 37, the user selects any row of the billing information.
- FIG. 38 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a screen displayed on the display unit 141 after a billing information row is selected.
- the display unit 141 displays an image taken by the camera 326 corresponding to the selected row.
- the user moves the image captured by the camera 326 to the left and right, and aligns the image captured from the chargeable range start position or the image captured from the chargeable range end position. .
- FIG. 39 shows a screen displayed on the display unit 141 after the image captured by the camera 326 and the image captured from the charge allowable range start position or the image captured from the charge allowable range end position are aligned.
- the image taken by the camera 326 and the image taken from the chargeable range start position are aligned.
- an image taken by the camera 326 and an image taken from the chargeable range start position include the same building image.
- the horizontal position of the image of the building is aligned between the image captured by the camera 326 displayed on the upper side and the image captured from the charging allowable range start position displayed on the lower side. ing.
- the result save button for example, clicks the mouse
- the charging allowable range start position passage time, the charging allowable range end position passage time, and the charging time are determined, and the charging position detection unit 352 performs the processing by the method described with reference to FIGS. It is determined whether or not the position of the vehicle is within the allowable charging range, and the determination result is used as charging position information. This completes the process for one vehicle 320 (therefore, one process of steps S353 to S354). Further, the processing of steps S353 to S354 is similarly performed for other target vehicles in the loop L3.
- the camera 326 is mounted on the vehicle 320 and images the outside from the vehicle 320 at the timing when the charging process based on the position of the vehicle 320 is performed. Accordingly, the charging position evaluation information providing system 3 can provide information for evaluating the charging position at a relatively low cost without requiring an expensive apparatus such as a high-accuracy position locating apparatus. In addition, in the charging position evaluation information providing system 3, it is not necessary to make special adjustments for the devices mounted on the vehicle 320. In particular, even when charging positions are evaluated for a large number of vehicles, the devices are installed in the vehicle 320. The burden on the person is relatively small.
- the charging position detection unit 352 stores the position where the camera 326 has taken the image by associating the images of the same object included in the image captured by the camera 326 and the image stored in the storage unit 149. The relationship with the position where the image stored in the unit 149 is captured is determined. Thereby, the charging position evaluation information providing system 3 can provide charging position information to the user. In particular, the user can easily grasp the billing position, compared with the case where the camera 326 provides an image taken from the billing position.
- the vehicle 320 may include an omnidirectional camera or a plurality of cameras as the camera 326, and may capture images in both the left and right directions. This allows the camera 326 to capture the roadside image of the other side even when the left or right field of view is blocked and the roadside image cannot be captured, such as when another vehicle is located next to the vehicle. it can.
- the charging position detection unit 352 can detect the charging position from the image.
- FIG. 40 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of an image captured by the camera 326 when a mark is installed on the roadside.
- a pylon is installed as a mark on the roadside at each of the chargeable range start point and the chargeable range end point, and the image captured by the camera 326 includes a pylon image.
- the charging position detection unit 352 or the user only needs to detect a specific shape (a triangle in the example of FIG. 40) of the mark, and can detect the charging position with a relatively simple process.
- pylons of different colors are installed at the chargeable range start point and the chargeable range end point. Thereby, the charging position detection unit 352 or the user can distinguish the charging allowable range start point and the charging allowable range end point by color.
- a pylon not only a pylon but various things with which image matching is comparatively easy, such as a pole and a special mark, can be used as a mark here.
- the camera 326 may be installed upward to capture an image of the vehicle 320 above.
- a mark is set in the sky above the chargeable range start point and the chargeable range end point.
- FIG. 41 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of an image captured by the camera 326 when a mark is installed in the sky.
- a bar is provided as a mark above each of the chargeable range start point and the chargeable range end point, and the image captured by the camera 326 includes a bar image.
- the camera 326 can capture the image of the landmark more reliably in that the field of view is not blocked in other directions. Thereby, it is possible to reduce the possibility that charging position detection unit 352 fails to detect the charging position.
- laser light may be emitted as a mark so that the camera 326 can attend.
- a near infrared laser may be used as the laser
- a near infrared camera may be used as the camera 326.
- a program for realizing all or part of the functions of the control units 150, 250, and 350 is recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium is read into a computer system and executed. By doing so, you may process each part.
- the “computer system” includes an OS and hardware such as peripheral devices. Further, the “computer system” includes a homepage providing environment (or display environment) if a WWW system is used.
- the “computer-readable recording medium” includes a portable medium such as a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk, and a compact disk, and a non-transitory storage medium represented by a storage device such as a hard disk built in a computer system. .
- the “computer-readable recording medium” dynamically holds a program for a short time like a communication line when transmitting a program via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line.
- the program may be a program for realizing a part of the functions described above, and may be a program capable of realizing the functions described above in combination with a program already recorded in a computer system.
- the present invention is mounted on a vehicle and outputs a signal at a timing when charging processing based on the position of the vehicle is performed, and signal acquisition that is installed at a predetermined position and acquires a signal from the signal output unit And a billing location evaluation information providing system that includes a billing location detection unit that detects a location where the billing process has been performed based on a signal acquired by the signal acquisition unit. According to the charging position evaluation information providing system described above, information for evaluating the position where the charging process has been performed can be provided at a relatively low cost.
- Charging position evaluation information providing system 110 Charging server apparatus 120, 220, 320 Vehicles 121, 221 On-board unit 122 Signal output control apparatus 123 Illumination apparatus 130 Position detection system 131, 132, 326 Cameras 140, 240, 340 Position detection device 141 Display unit 142 Operation input unit 143 Counter charging server communication unit 144 Image acquisition unit 149 Storage unit 150, 250, 350 Control unit 151 Storage unit management unit 152, 252, 352 Accounting position detection unit 153 Count processing unit 224 Acceleration Sensor 225 Acceleration recording device 245 To vehicle communication unit 327 Camera control device
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Abstract
Description
自律型課金方式では、課金ミスを防止するために、車載器が課金処理を行う位置の精度が要求される。例えば、所定の課金ポイントで課金が行われる場合、課金ポイント前後の所定範囲内で車載器が課金処理を行うよう要求されることが考えられる。
しかしながら、高精度位置標定装置は1台が数千万円するなど高価であり、評価のためのコストが増大してしまう。特に、課金処理が行われた位置の評価を多数の車両について行うために多数の車両の各々に高精度位置標定装置を設置する場合、コストの増大が著しい。
これにより、本発明に係る課金位置評価用情報提供システムでは、高精度位置標定装置などの高価な装置を必要とせず比較的低コストで、課金位置を評価するための情報を提供することができる。特に、本発明に係る課金位置評価用情報提供システムでは、対象となる位置が特定のエリアに含まれるか否かを、高価な装置を必要とせずに、高精度に検出することができる。
これにより、本発明に係る課金位置評価用情報提供システムでは、照明装置およびカメラといった比較的安価な装置を用いて、課金位置を評価するための情報を提供することができる。
これにより、本発明に係る課金位置評価用情報提供システムでは、スピーカなど音を出力する装置およびマイクといった比較的安価な装置を用いて、課金位置を評価するための情報を提供することができる。
これにより、本発明に係る課金位置評価用情報提供システムでは、指向性を有する光を出力する装置および受光センサといった比較的安価な装置を用いて、課金位置を評価するための情報を提供することができる。
指向性を有する光として、例えばレーザ光、または、スリットを通過した光を用いることができる。
ここで、課金位置検出部が、受光センサそのものの位置に基づいて課金位置を検出するようにしてもよいし、受光センサそのものの位置、及び、課金位置と受光センサとの相対位置、の両方に基づいて、課金位置を検出するようにしてもよい。
例えば、受光センサと、受光センサの設置位置に対応する道路上の位置とが予め対応付けられており、課金位置検出部が、光を取得した受光センサに対応付けられている道路上の位置を、課金位置として検出するようにしてもよい。
さらに、受光センサとして、光を受けた方向を検出可能なセンサを用いて、課金位置検出部が、受光センサが光を受けた方向に基づいて、課金位置と受光センサとの相対位置を検出するようにしてもよい。そして、課金位置検出部が、光を取得した受光センサに対応付けられている道路上の位置を、課金位置と受光センサとの相対位置に基づいて補正し、補正された位置を課金位置とするようにしてもよい。
これにより、本発明に係る課金位置評価用情報提供システムでは、高精度位置標定装置などの高価な装置を必要とせず比較的低コストで、課金位置を評価するための情報を提供することができる。特に、課金位置評価用情報提供システムでは、対象となる位置が特定のエリアに含まれるか否かを、高価な装置を必要とせずに、高精度に検出することができる。
力検出部が、車両に加わる力を直接検出するようにしてもよいし、加速度または加速度の変化を検出することで、車両への力の作用を検出するようにしてもよい。
これにより、課金位置検出部は、力検出部が力の作用を検出したタイミングと、課金処理が行われた時刻との前後関係を判定するという簡単な操作で課金処理が行われた位置を検出することができる。
これにより、課金位置検出部は、課金処理が行われた位置を、より詳細に検出することができる。
これにより、本発明に係る課金位置評価用情報提供システムでは、高精度位置標定装置などの高価な装置を必要とせず比較的低コストで、課金位置を評価するための情報を提供することができる。特に、課金位置評価用情報提供システムでは、対象となる位置が特定のエリアに含まれるか否かを判定するための情報を、高価な装置を必要とせずに提供することができる。
これにより、本発明に係る課金位置評価用情報提供システムは、課金処理が行われた位置の情報をユーザに提供することができる。特に、課金処理の行われた位置から撮影部が撮影した画像を提供する場合よりも、ユーザは、課金処理の行われた位置を容易に把握することができる。
これにより本発明に係る課金位置評価用情報提供システムでは、撮影部が撮影した画像に所定の目印の像が含まれるかを判定し、含まれている場合は、画像における目印の像の位置を判定するという比較的簡単処理で、課金位置を評価するための情報を提供することができる。
上空については、他の方向に視界を遮蔽されない点で、撮影部は、より確実に目印の像を撮影することができる。これにより、課金位置の検出に失敗する可能性を低減させることができる。
(第1の実施形態における構成および作用)
図1は、本発明の第1の実施形態における課金位置評価用情報提供システムの機能構成を示す概略ブロック図である。同図において、課金位置評価用情報提供システム1は、課金サーバ装置110と、車両120と、位置検出システム130とを備える。車両120は、車載器121と、信号出力制御装置122と、照明装置123とを備える。位置検出システム130は、カメラ131と、カメラ132と、位置検出装置140とを備える。位置検出装置140は、表示部141と、操作入力部142と、対課金サーバ通信部143と、画像取得部144と、記憶部149と、制御部150とを備える。制御部150は、記憶部管理部151と、課金位置検出部152と、カウント処理部153とを備える。
例えば、自動課金システムの要求仕様にて、車載器121が課金許容範囲内で課金処理を行う割合が所定の割合以上であることが要求される。課金位置評価用情報提供システム1は、当該要求を満たすか否かの評価のための情報を提供する。
なお、車載器121が課金処理を行った位置を「課金位置」と称する。
車両120は、例えば自動車や二輪車など、道路を走行可能であり課金対象となり得る乗り物である。課金位置評価用情報提供システム1が備える車両120の数は1台以上であればよい。一方、課金位置評価用情報提供システム1が複数の車両120を備えることで、複数の車両120が同時に走行する、実際の課金の状況に近い状況で、課金の位置の評価を行うことができる。
また、車載器121は、課金情報を課金サーバ装置110へ送信する。車載器121が課金情報を送信するタイミングは任意である。例えば、車載器121が、所定時間周期で、所定時間分の課金情報を纏めて課金サーバ装置110へ送信するようにしてもよい。あるいは、車載器121が、課金処理を行った後速やかに課金情報を送信するようにしてもよい。
照明装置123は、信号出力制御装置122の制御に従って点灯する。これにより、照明装置123は、車両120の位置に基づく課金処理が行われるタイミングで光の信号を出力する。照明装置123は、信号出力部の例に該当する。
カメラ131は、課金許容範囲の開始位置に向けて道路の脇に設置され、課金許容範囲開始位置付近を走行する車両120を撮影する。カメラ132は、課金許容範囲の終了位置に向けて道路の脇に設置され、課金許容範囲終了位置付近を走行する車両120を撮影する。
なお、課金許容範囲の開始位置を「課金許容範囲開始位置」と称する。また、課金許容範囲の終了位置を「課金許容範囲終了位置」と称する。
図3は、カメラ131が撮影した画像の第1の例を示す説明図である。同図に示されるように、課金許容範囲開始位置は、カメラ131の画像の中央に、上下に伸びて位置する。従って、画像の左側に撮影されている車両120は、課金許容範囲外に位置すると判定することができる。さらに、当該車両120の照明装置123が点灯しており、課金許容範囲外で課金処理が行われたと判定することができる。
一方、照明装置123が点灯を継続するようにしてもよい。この場合、課金許容範囲開始位置、課金許容範囲終了位置のそれぞれにおいて、照明装置123が点灯しているか否かが判れば、課金許容範囲内での照明装置123の状態が不明でも、課金許容範囲内で課金が行われたか否かを判定することができる。
図5は、カメラ132が撮影した画像の第1の例を示す説明図である。同図に示されるように、課金許容範囲終了位置は、カメラ132の画像の中央に、上下に伸びて位置する。従って、画像の左側に撮影されている車両120は、課金許容範囲内に位置すると判定することができる。さらに、当該車両120の照明装置123が点灯しており、課金許容範囲内で課金処理が行われたと判定することができる。
このように、カメラ131の画像およびカメラ132の画像より、課金許容範囲内で課金処理が行われたか否かを判定することができる。なお、照明装置123が短時間のみ点灯する場合、カメラ131と132とで課金許容範囲全域を撮影する。このために、カメラ131と132とは、画像の端が重なる位置に設置される。
カメラ131および132は、信号取得部の例に該当し、課金許容範囲開始位置の真横や課金許容範囲終了位置の真横といった所定の位置に設置されて、照明装置123からの信号を取得する。このカメラの「所定の位置」とは、例えば、課金ポイントの位置(進行方向に関する位置)に対して、許容できる誤差範囲(本実施形態では「課金許容範囲」)の両端の位置を意味する。また通常、この「所定の位置」は、道路脇(roadside)であるが、道路上の車両を撮影できる位置であれば、道路からある程度離れた位置であってもよい。
また、後述するように、課金位置をユーザが特定する場合、表示部141は、カメラ131や132が撮影した画像を表示する。
対課金サーバ通信部143は、課金サーバ装置110と通信を行って、各種情報を送受信する。特に、対課金サーバ通信部143は、課金サーバ装置110から課金情報を取得する。
画像取得部144は、カメラ131や132とのインタフェースとして機能し、カメラ131や132が撮影した画像を画像データにて取得する。
制御部150は、位置検出装置140の各部を制御して、各種処理を行う。制御部150は、例えば、位置検出装置140の備えるCPU(Central Processing Unit、中央処理装置)が、記憶部149からプログラムを読み出して実行することで実現される。
課金位置検出部152は、カメラ131や132が撮影した画像に基づいて、課金位置を検出する。課金位置検出部152が、課金位置として、課金許容範囲内か否かを検出するようにしてもよいし、さらに詳細な位置を検出するようにしてもよい。
ここで、図3~6を参照して説明したように、カメラ131や132が所定の位置に設置されていることで、画像における車両120の像の位置に基づいて、車両120が課金許容範囲内に位置するか否かを判定することができる。この点において、課金位置検出部152は、カメラ131や132の位置に基づいて課金位置を検出する。課金位置検出部152は、課金位置検出部の例に該当する。
カウント処理部153は、課金位置検出部152が検出した課金位置を、課金許容範囲内、課金許容範囲外の各々についてカウントし、課金処理が課金許容範囲内で行われた割合を算出する。
次に、図7および8を参照して、課金位置評価用情報提供システム1の動作について説明する。
図7は、車両120に搭載された装置が行う処理の手順の例を示すフローチャートである。車載器121や信号出力制御装置122や照明装置123は、例えば、自らの電源がONになって起動すると、同図の処理を開始する。
図7の処理において、車載器121は、位置情報を取得する(ステップS101)。例えば、車載器121は、GNSS受信機を備え、車載器121自らの位置を車両120の位置として算出する。
課金ポイントを通過していない、または、課金処理が実施済みであると判定した場合(ステップS102:NO)、ステップS101へ戻る。
一方、車両120が課金ポイントを通過し、かつ、当該通過における課金処理が未実施であると判定した場合(ステップS102:YES)、車載器121は、課金処理実行を示す信号を信号出力制御装置122へ出力し、照明装置123が、信号出力制御装置122の制御に従って点灯する(ステップS111)。
ステップS113の後、ステップS101へ戻る。
図8の処理において、カウント処理部153は、課金許容範囲内用カウンタ、課金許容範囲外用カウンタの各々の値をゼロにリセットする(ステップS151)。
次に、制御部150は、カメラ131や132に撮影されている車両120の各々について処理を行うループL1を開始する(ステップS152)。以下では、ループにおいて処理対象となっている車両を「対象車両」と称する。
点灯開始時刻や点灯開始位置を自動で検出する場合、課金位置検出部152は、カメラ131や132が撮影した画像の中から、対象車両の照明装置123が点灯を開始したフレームを検出する。例えば、課金位置検出部152は、背景差分法により、各フレームから車両120の像の領域を抽出する。
そして、課金位置検出部152は、図3~6を参照して説明した方法で、対象車両の位置が課金許容範囲内か否かを判定し、判定結果を課金位置の情報とする。また、課金位置検出部152は、検出したフレームの撮影時刻を取得し、課金時刻の情報とする。
例えば、課金位置検出部152は、上記の処理に加えて、対象車両が課金許容範囲開始位置を通過するときの画像を検出し、当該画像の撮影時刻を、課金許容範囲開始位置通過時刻として取得する。また、課金位置検出部152は、対象車両が課金許容範囲終了位置を通過するときの画像を検出し、当該画像の撮影時刻を、課金許容範囲終了位置通過時刻として取得する。そして、課金位置検出部152は、課金許容範囲開始位置通過から点灯開始までの時間と、点灯開始から課金許容範囲終了位置通過までの時間との比を求める。
さらに、課金位置検出部152は、課金許容範囲全体のうち、求めた比の分だけ進んだ位置で課金処理が行われたものとして、課金位置を算出する。これにより、課金位置検出部152は、対象車両が課金許容範囲内をおよそ一定の速度で走行している場合の課金位置を、より詳細に得られる。
なお、後述するように、課金位置検出部152が、ステップS153の処理とともにステップS154の処理もユーザ操作を受けて行うようにしてもよい。
なお、課金情報と課金位置との対応付けが不要な場合は、課金位置検出部152がステップS154の処理を行わないようにしてもよい。
そして、制御部150は、ループL1の終端処理を行う(ステップS181)。具体的には、制御部150は、処理対象となっている画像に撮影されている車両120のうち、ループL1の処理を完了していない車両120の有無を判定する。処理を完了していない車両120があると判定した場合、ステップS151へ戻り、処理を完了していない車両120に対する処理を行う。一方、処理を完了していない車両120がないと判定した場合、ループL1を終了する。
ループL1を終了した後、図8の処理を終了する。
ステップS171の後、ステップS181へ進む。
図9は、課金位置および課金時刻の検出のために表示部141が表示する画面の例を示す説明図である。
同図の例において、表示部141は、領域A21に、カメラ131が撮影した画像の1フレームを表示している。また、表示部141は、領域A22に、カメラ132が撮影した画像のうち領域A21のフレームと同じ撮影時刻のフレームを表示している。また、表示部141は、領域A24に、領域A21に表示したフレームや領域A22に表示したフレームの撮影時刻を表示している。
トランザクションIDは、課金の各々を識別するための識別情報である。課金時刻、車載器ID、車種の欄には、それぞれ、該当する課金が行われた時刻、当該課金を行った車載器121の識別情報、当該課金の対象である車両120の車種の情報が格納されている。
また、表示部141は、領域A25に、時刻を前後させるための操作ボタンを表示している。また、表示部141は、領域A26に、処理の結果の保存を指示するための操作ボタンを表示している。
課金位置検出部152は、選択された車両120の像の位置に基づいて、ステップS153の処理を自動で行う場合と同様に、課金位置を検出する。また、課金位置検出部152は、領域A24に表示されている時刻を課金時刻とする。
なお、課金情報と課金位置との対応付けが不要な場合は、課金情報の行の選択は不要である。
図12は、結果保存ボタンの押下が行われた後に、表示部141が表示する画面の例を示す説明図である。同図において、表示部141は、選択された像や選択された行を、他と区別して表示している。
以上で、1台の車両120についての処理(従って、ステップS153およびS154の1回分の処理)が完了する。
具体的には、図12の画面の状態から、ユーザは、像を表示されている他の車両120について、上記と同様の操作を行う。表示されている画像では、照明装置123の点灯を開始した車両120が他にない場合、ユーザは、領域A25(図9)の操作ボタンを操作し、画像を得られている全ての時刻について同様の処理を行う。
これにより、課金位置評価用情報提供システム1では、高精度位置標定装置などの高価な装置を必要とせず比較的低コストで、課金位置を評価するための情報を提供することができる。
ここで、高精度位置標定装置は車両に設置する際に調整を必要とする。特に、多数の車両について課金位置の評価を行うために多数の車両の各々に高精度位置標定装置を設置する場合、調整を行う者の負担が大きい。
これに対して、課金位置評価用情報提供システム1では、車両120に搭載する機器について特別な調整を行う必要がなく、特に、多数の車両について課金位置の評価を行う場合でも、車両120に機器を設置する者の負担が比較的小さくて済む。
このように、信号取得部の例であるカメラ131や132が画像を撮影することで、1方向のみでなく画角の範囲で信号を取得することができる。これにより、課金位置評価用情報提供システム1が備える信号取得部の数が少なくて済む。この点で、課金位置評価用情報提供システム1の構成を簡単にすることができ、また、信号取得部を設置する作業者の負担が軽くて済む。
課金位置評価用情報提供システム1が、照明装置123が出力する光に代えて、あるいは加えて、他の信号を用いるようにしてもよい。この点について、図13および図14を参照して説明する。
図13は、信号として音を用いる場合のマイクの設置位置の例を示す説明図である。信号として音を用いる場合、照明装置123に代えてスピーカSPを車両120に搭載する。また、カメラ131および132に代えて、マイクMIを設置する。
具体的には、上記のように、課金位置検出部152は、スピーカSPが出力した音取得の有無、または、取得した音の大きさ(音圧)に基づいて、最も大きい音を取得したマイクMIを特定する。そして、課金位置検出部152は、検出したマイクMIの位置に基づいて、音を出力したスピーカSPの位置を検出することで、課金位置を検出する。例えば、マイクMIと当該マイクMIの位置に応じた道路上の位置とが予め対応付けられており、課金位置検出部は、最も大きい音を取得したマイクMIに対応付けられている道路上の位置を、課金位置として検出する。
さらに、課金位置検出部152が、マイクMIが取得した音の音圧、または、複数のマイクMIにおける音圧分布に基づいて、スピーカSPとマイクMIとの距離、または、スピーカSPとマイクMIとの相対位置を検出するようにしてもよい。課金位置検出部152は、スピーカSPに対応付けられている道路上の位置を、スピーカSPとマイクMIとの距離、または、スピーカSPとマイクMIとの相対位置に基づいて補正する。なお、課金位置検出部152が、マイクMIが取得した音の音圧に基づいて、スピーカSPとマイクMIとの距離を推定する場合、設置するマイクMIの数は1つでもよい。
なお、より高精度に課金位置を検出するために、スピーカSPまたはマイクMIの少なくともいずれかは、指向性を有していることが望ましい。
さらに、受光センサPSとして、光を受けた方向を検出可能なセンサを用いるようにし、課金位置検出部152が、受光センサPSが(最初に)光を受けた方向に基づいて、課金位置と受光センサPSとの相対位置を検出するようにしてもよい。そして、課金位置検出部152が、光を取得した受光センサPSに対応付けられている道路上の位置を、課金位置と受光センサPSとの相対位置に基づいて補正し、補正された位置を課金位置とする(すなわち、受光センサPSそのものの位置、及び、課金位置と受光センサPSとの相対位置、の両方に基づいて、課金位置を検出する)ようにしてもよい。
なお、レーザ装置LAと受光センサPSとの高さのずれによって受光センサPSがレーザ光を受光できないことを防止するため、レーザ装置LAが、図14に示すように、高さ方向に広がりのあるレーザ光を出力するようにしてもよい。
なお、レーザ装置LAに代えて、指向性のある光を出力する他の装置を車両120に搭載するようにしてもよい。例えば、車両120に照明装置とスリットとを搭載し、照明装置が出力した光を、スリットを通過させるようにしてもよい。
(第2の実施形態における構成および作用)
図15は、本発明の第2の実施形態における課金位置評価用情報提供システムの機能構成を示す概略ブロック図である。同図において、課金位置評価用情報提供システム2は、課金サーバ装置110と、車両220と、位置検出装置240とを備える。車両220は、車載器221と、加速度センサ224と、加速度記録装置225とを備える。位置検出装置240は、表示部141と、操作入力部142と、対課金サーバ通信部143と、対車両通信部245と、制御部250とを備える。制御部250は、記憶部管理部151と、課金位置検出部252と、カウント処理部153とを備える。図15において、図1の各部に対応して同様の機能を有する部分には同一の符号(110、141、142、143、149、151、153)を付して説明を省略する。
車両220は、車両120と同様、道路を走行可能であり課金対象となり得る乗り物である。一方、車両220では、設置される装置が車両120の場合と異なる。
加速度センサ224は、加速度センサ224自らの加速度を測定する。加速度センサ224の加速度は、車両220の加速度として用いられる。加速度センサ224は、少なくとも鉛直方向の加速度を測定可能である。特に、加速度センサ224は、加速度、または、加速度の変化を検出することで、車両220が走行する経路の所定の位置に設けられた表面の高さの変化による車両220への力の作用を検出する。加速度センサ224は、力検出部の例に該当する。
加速度記録装置225は、加速度センサ224が検出した加速度の履歴を時刻と対応付けて記憶する。また、加速度記録装置225は、対車両通信部245と通信を行う。特に、加速度記録装置225は、加速度の履歴を対車両通信部245へ送信する。
制御部250は、課金位置を検出する具体的な処理において制御部150と異なる。制御部250の他の機能は、制御部150と同様である。制御部250は、例えば、位置検出装置240の備えるCPUが、記憶部149からプログラムを読み出して実行することで実現される。
課金位置検出部252は、車載器221が課金処理を行ったタイミングと、加速度センサ224が力を検出したタイミングとに基づいて、課金処理が行われた位置を検出する。課金位置検出部152が、課金位置として、課金許容範囲内か否かを検出するようにしてもよいし、さらに詳細な位置を検出するようにしてもよい。
図16は、道路の表面に設けられた高さの変化の例を示す説明図である。同図において、線L11は、課金ポイントを示し、領域A11は、課金許容範囲を示す。課金ポイントや課金許容範囲は、第1の実施形態の場合と同様である。なお、線L11や領域A11は、説明のために図示しているものである。課金ポイントや課金許容範囲が道路に表示されている必要はない。
また、課金許容範囲終了位置に、道路の幅方向に長い突起部分PR2が設けられている。車両220が突起部分PR2を通過する際、加速度センサ224が加速度の変化を検出する。当該加速度の変化により、加速度記録装置225が記憶する加速度の履歴において、車両220が課金許容範囲終了位置を通過するタイミングが示される。
また、時刻T21は、課金時刻の例を示す。時刻T21が時刻T11よりも早いことから、課金位置検出部252は、車載器221が課金許容範囲外で課金処理を行ったと判定する。
そして、課金位置検出部252は、課金許容範囲開始位置通過時刻と課金許容範囲終了位置通過時刻と課金時刻との前後関係から、課金許容範囲内で課金処理が行われたか否かを判定し、判定結果を課金位置として取得する。具体的には、課金時刻が、課金許容範囲開始位置通過時刻と課金許容範囲終了位置通過時刻との間に位置する場合、課金位置検出部252は、課金許容範囲内で課金処理が行われたと判定する。一方、課金時刻が課金許容範囲開始位置通過時刻よりも早い場合や、課金時刻が課金許容範囲終了位置通過時刻よりも遅い場合、課金位置検出部252は、課金許容範囲内では課金処理が行われなかったと判定する。
図18の例の場合、課金位置検出部252は、車載器221が課金許容範囲内で課金処理を行ったと判定する。
図19の例の場合、課金位置検出部252は、車載器221が課金許容範囲外で課金処理を行ったと判定する。
具体的には、課金位置検出部252は、課金許容範囲開始位置通過から課金処理までの時間と、課金処理から課金許容範囲終了位置通過までの時間との比を求める。そして、課金位置検出部252は、課金許容範囲全体のうち、求めた比の分だけ進んだ位置で課金処理が行われたものとして、課金位置を算出する。これにより、課金位置検出部252は、車両220が課金許容範囲内をおよそ一定の速度で走行している場合の課金位置を、より詳細に得られる。
次に、図20および21を参照して、課金位置評価用情報提供システム2の動作について説明する。
図20は、車両220に搭載された装置が行う処理の手順の例を示すフローチャートである。車載器221や加速度センサ224や加速度記録装置225は、例えば、自らの電源がONになって起動すると、同図の処理を開始する。
図20の処理において、加速度記録装置225は、加速度センサ224が測定した加速度を、時刻と対応付けて記憶する(ステップS201)。
ステップS211~S212は、図7のステップS112~S113と同様である。ステップS212の後、ステップS201へ戻る。
未送信の加速度履歴が所定時間分溜まっていないと判定した場合(ステップS221:NO)、ステップS201へ戻る。
一方、未送信の加速度履歴が所定時間分溜まっていると判定した場合(ステップS221:YES)、加速度記録装置225は、当該未送信の加速度履歴を対車両通信部245へ送信する(ステップS231)。ステップS231の後、ステップS201へ戻る。
図21の処理では、制御部250は、図8のステップS153~S154の処理に代えて、ステップS253~S256の処理を行う。また、図8のループL1では、制御部150が、カメラ131や132に撮影されている車両120の各々について処理を行うのに対し、図21のループL2では、制御部250は、対車両通信部245が加速度記録装置225から加速度の履歴を取得した車両220の各々について処理を行う。それ以外は、図8の処理と同様である。
ステップS254において、課金位置検出部252は、対象車両の加速度記録装置225から得られた加速度の履歴から、図17の時刻T12に例示されるように、加速度が所定の大きさ以上変化する2回目の時刻を検出する。
なお、ステップS253、S254での、加速度が所定の大きさ以上変化する1回目、2回目の時刻の検出を、課金位置検出部252が自動的に行うようにしてもよいし、ユーザ操作を受けて行うようにしてもよい。
ステップS256において、図17~19を参照して説明した方法で、対象車両の位置が課金許容範囲内か否かを判定し、判定結果を課金位置の情報とする。
図22は、課金位置の検出のために表示部141が表示する画面の例を示す説明図である。
また、表示部141は、領域A32に、課金情報を表示している。表示部141が、課金情報を表形式で表示している点や、1つの行が1つの課金の情報を示している点や、それぞれの行に含まれる項目は、図9の場合と同様である。
また、表示部141は、領域A33に、処理の結果の保存を指示するための操作ボタンを表示している。
線L32は、課金時刻を示す。また、線L31は、課金許容範囲開始位置通過の推定時刻を示す。線L33は、課金許容範囲終了位置通過の推定時刻を示す。線L31やL33は参考として表示されるものであり、必須ではない。
同様に、課金位置検出部252は、課金ポイントから課金許容範囲終了位置までの距離を速度で除算して、課金ポイントから課金許容範囲終了位置までの所要時間を算出する。そして、課金位置検出部252は、得られた所要時間を課金時刻に加算して、課金許容範囲終了位置通過の推定時刻とする。
図23の状態において、ユーザは、課金情報のいずれかの行を選択する。
図24の状態において、ユーザは、課金許容範囲開始位置通過時刻、および、課金許容範囲終了位置通過時刻を、グラフ上で選択する。例えば、ユーザは、課金許容範囲開始位置通過時刻、課金許容範囲終了位置通過時刻として、それぞれ加速度の変化の大きさが極大の時刻を選択する。
課金許容範囲開始位置通過時刻、および、課金許容範囲終了位置通過時刻の選択を完了すると、ユーザは、結果保存ボタンを押下(例えば、マウスクリック)して選択を確定させる。
以上で、1台の車両220についての処理(従って、ステップS253~S256の1回分の処理)が完了する。
さらに、ループL2における他の対象車両についても、同様にステップS253~S256の処理を行う。
これにより、課金位置評価用情報提供システム2では、高精度位置標定装置などの高価な装置を必要とせず比較的低コストで、課金位置を評価するための情報を提供することができる。
また、課金位置評価用情報提供システム2では、車両220に搭載する機器について特別な調整を行う必要がなく、特に、多数の車両について課金位置の評価を行う場合でも、車両220に機器を設置する者の負担が比較的小さくて済む。
これにより、課金位置検出部152は、加速度センサ224が力の作用を検出したタイミングと、課金時刻との前後関係を判定するという簡単な操作で課金位置を検出することができる。
これにより、課金位置検出部152は、課金処理が行われた位置を、より詳細に検出することができる。
これにより、加速度記録装置225が記憶するデータの量を削減することができ、加速度記録装置225が備える記憶容量を小さくすることができる。また、加速度の履歴のデータサイズが小さくなるので、課金位置検出部252が加速度の履歴から課金許容範囲開始位置通過時刻や課金許容範囲終了位置通過時刻を検出する処理の負荷が小さくなる。
これにより、加速度記録装置225が記憶するデータの量をさらに削減することができ、加速度記録装置225が備える記憶容量をさらに小さくすることができる。また、加速度の履歴のデータサイズがさらに小さくなるので、課金位置検出部252が加速度の履歴から課金許容範囲開始位置通過時刻や課金許容範囲終了位置通過時刻を検出する処理の負荷がさらに小さくなる。
あるいは、加速度記録装置225が、加速度の履歴に代えて、所定の大きさ以上の加速度の変化を検出した時刻の情報を記憶するようにしてもよい。
道路に設けられる表面の高さが変化する箇所は、図16に例示される2箇所に限らない。この点について、図26および27を参照して説明する。
図26は、3箇所以上に表面の高さの変化が設けられた道路の例を示す説明図である。図26の例では、課金許容範囲開始位置および課金許容範囲終了位置に加えて、課金許容範囲内に3箇所、課金許容範囲外に4箇所設けられている。これにより、図26の例では、等間隔に並ぶ9箇所に、表面の高さの変化が設けられている。
図27は、図26に示される道路を車両220が走行した場合の加速度の例を示している。図26における9箇所の表面の高さの変化に応じて、図27では、加速度が大きく変化するタイミングが9回ある。課金位置検出部252は、これら9回のタイミングのうち、どのタイミングとどのタイミングとの間に課金時刻が位置するかを判定することで、課金位置をより詳細に検出することができる。
(第2の実施形態における構成および作用)
図28は、本発明の第3の実施形態における課金位置評価用情報提供システムの機能構成を示す概略ブロック図である。同図において、課金位置評価用情報提供システム3は、課金サーバ装置110と、車両320と、位置検出装置340とを備える。車両320は、車載器221と、カメラ326と、カメラ制御装置327とを備える。位置検出装置340は、表示部141と、操作入力部142と、対課金サーバ通信部143と、対車両通信部245と、制御部350とを備える。制御部350は、記憶部管理部151と、課金位置検出部352と、カウント処理部153とを備える。図28において、図1または図15の各部に対応して同様の機能を有する部分には同一の符号(110、141、142、143、149、151、153、221、245)を付して説明を省略する。
車両320は、車両120と同様、道路を走行可能であり課金対象となり得る乗り物である。一方、車両320では、設置される装置が車両120の場合と異なる。
カメラ制御装置327は、カメラ326を制御する。特に、カメラ制御装置327は、課金処理実行を示す信号を車載器121から取得すると、カメラ326に撮影を行わせる。信号出力制御装置122の場合と同様、カメラ制御装置327と車載器121との接続には、車載器121が標準的に有しているポートを用いることが考えられる。
また、カメラ制御装置327は、カメラ326が撮影した画像を、画像データにて対車両通信部245へ送信する。
課金位置検出部352は、カメラ326が撮影した画像に基づいて、課金処理が行われた位置を検出する。課金位置検出部352が、課金位置として、課金許容範囲内か否かを検出するようにしてもよいし、さらに詳細な位置を検出するようにしてもよい。
図29は、カメラ326が撮影する画像の例を示す説明図である。同図において、線L11は、課金ポイントを示し、領域A11は、課金許容範囲を示す。課金ポイントや課金許容範囲は、第1の実施形態の場合と同様である。なお、線L11や領域A11は、説明のために図示しているものである。課金ポイントや課金許容範囲が道路に表示されている必要はない。
例えば、記憶部149が、課金許容範囲開始位置から撮影された画像や、課金許容範囲終了位置から撮影された画像を予め記憶しておき、課金位置検出部352は、これらの画像とカメラ326が撮影した画像とを比較することで、課金位置を検出する。その際、課金位置検出部352が、カメラ326が撮影した画像に対してリアルタイムで処理を行うようにしてもよく、記憶部149が、課金許容範囲開始位置から撮影された画像や、課金許容範囲終了位置から撮影された画像を一時的に記憶するようにしてもよい。
また、カメラ326が撮影する画像に基づいて、課金位置を検出することができる点で、当該画像は、課金処理が行われた位置を評価するための情報の例に該当する。
同図において、領域A41には、課金許容範囲開始位置から撮影された画像が示されている。また、領域A42は、カメラ326が撮影した画像を課金許容範囲開始位置から撮影された画像に重ね合わせた場合の、カメラ326が撮影した画像の位置を示している。
ここで、図30の例では、カメラ326は、車両320の進行方向に対して左側を向いて撮影を行っている。従って、カメラ326は、課金許容範囲開始位置よりも手前(課金許容範囲外)から撮影を行ったと判定できる。
同図において、領域A41には、図30の場合と同じく、課金許容範囲開始位置から撮影された画像が示されている。また、領域A43は、カメラ326が撮影した画像を課金許容範囲開始位置から撮影された画像に重ね合わせた場合の、カメラ326が撮影した画像の位置を示している。
図30の場合と同様、図31の例では、カメラ326は、車両320の進行方向に対して左側を向いて撮影を行っている。従って、カメラ326は、課金許容範囲開始位置よりも進んだ位置(課金許容範囲内)から撮影を行ったと判定できる。
同図において、領域A51には、課金許容範囲終了位置から撮影された画像が示されている。また、領域A52は、カメラ326が撮影した画像を課金許容範囲終了位置から撮影された画像に重ね合わせた場合の、カメラ326が撮影した画像の位置を示している。
図30の場合と同様、図32の例では、カメラ326は、車両320の進行方向に対して左側を向いて撮影を行っている。従って、カメラ326は、課金許容範囲終了位置よりも手前(課金許容範囲内)から撮影を行ったと判定できる。
同図において、領域A51には、図32の場合と同じく、課金許容範囲終了位置から撮影された画像が示されている。また、領域A53は、カメラ326が撮影した画像を課金許容範囲終了位置から撮影された画像に重ね合わせた場合の、カメラ326が撮影した画像の位置を示している。
図30の場合と同様、図33の例では、カメラ326は、車両320の進行方向に対して左側を向いて撮影を行っている。従って、カメラ326は、課金許容範囲終了位置よりも進んだ位置(課金許容範囲外)から撮影を行ったと判定できる。
このように、課金位置検出部352は、カメラ326が撮影した画像と、課金許容範囲開始位置から撮影された画像または課金許容範囲終了位置から撮影された画像とを重ね合わせた場合の、画像の位置関係に基づいて、課金位置を検出する。
次に、図34および35を参照して、課金位置評価用情報提供システム3の動作について説明する。
図34は、車両320に搭載された装置が行う処理の手順の例を示すフローチャートである。車載器121やカメラ326やカメラ制御装置327は、例えば、自らの電源がONになって起動すると、同図の処理を開始する。
ステップS311において、車載器121は、課金処理実行を示す信号をカメラ制御装置327へ出力し、カメラ326が、カメラ制御装置327の制御に従って撮影を行う。
図35の処理では、制御部350は、図8のステップS153~S154の処理に代えて、ステップS353~S354の処理を行う。また、図8のループL1では、制御部150が、カメラ131や132に撮影されている車両120の各々について処理を行うのに対し、図35のループL3では、制御部350は、対車両通信部245がカメラ制御装置327から画像を取得した車両320の各々について処理を行う。それ以外は、図8の処理と同様である。
画像の重ね合わせを自動で行う場合、課金位置検出部352は、重ね合わせる2つの画像から、それぞれ特徴点を抽出し、特徴点同士のマッチングにて、画像の位置関係を検出する。マッチング処理に関して課金位置検出部352は、例えばSIFT(Scale-Invariant Feature Transform)など、大きさや輝度に対する普遍性を有するアルゴリズムを用いることができる。
図36は、課金位置の検出のために表示部141が表示する画面の例を示す説明図である。
また、表示部141は、領域A63に、課金情報を表示している。表示部141が、課金情報を表形式で表示している点や、1つの行が1つの課金の情報を示している点や、それぞれの行に含まれる項目は、図9の場合と同様である。
また、表示部141は、領域A64に、処理の結果の保存を指示するための操作ボタンを表示している。
領域A61に表示されている画像は、例えばマウスドラッグ操作などのユーザ操作により、左右に動かすことができる。これにより、ユーザは、カメラ326が撮影した画像と、課金許容範囲開始位置から撮影された画像や課金許容範囲終了位置から撮影された画像との位置合わせを行うことができる。この位置合わせにより、画像の重ね合わせと同様、カメラ326が撮影した画像と、課金許容範囲開始位置から撮影された画像や課金許容範囲終了位置から撮影された画像との位置関係を把握可能になる。
図37の状態において、ユーザは、課金情報のいずれかの行を選択する。
図38の状態において、ユーザは、カメラ326が撮影した画像を左右に動かして、課金許容範囲開始位置から撮影された画像、または、課金許容範囲終了位置から撮影された画像との位置合わせを行う。
画像の位置合わせを完了すると、ユーザは、結果保存ボタンを押下(例えば、マウスクリック)して選択を確定させる。
以上で、1台の車両320についての処理(従って、ステップS353~S354の1回分の処理)が完了する。
さらに、ループL3における他の対象車両についても、同様にステップS353~S354の処理を行う。
これにより、課金位置評価用情報提供システム3では、高精度位置標定装置などの高価な装置を必要とせず比較的低コストで、課金位置を評価するための情報を提供することができる。
また、課金位置評価用情報提供システム3では、車両320に搭載する機器について特別な調整を行う必要がなく、特に、多数の車両について課金位置の評価を行う場合でも、車両320に機器を設置する者の負担が比較的小さくて済む。
これにより、課金位置評価用情報提供システム3は、課金位置の情報をユーザに提供することができる。特に、カメラ326が課金位置から撮影した画像を提供する場合よりも、ユーザは容易に課金位置を把握することができる。
課金許容範囲開始地点や課金許容範囲終了地点の路側に、他の物体と区別可能な目印が設置されていてもよい。
図40は、路側に目印が設置されている場合に、カメラ326が撮影する画像の例を示す説明図である。
また、図40の例において、課金許容範囲開始地点と課金許容範囲終了地点とで異なる色のパイロンが設置されている。これにより、課金位置検出部352またはユーザは、課金許容範囲開始地点と課金許容範囲終了地点とを色で区別することができる。
なお、ここでの目印として、パイロンに限らずポールや専用の標識など、画像マッチングが比較的容易な様々なものを用いることができる。
図41は、上空に目印が設置されている場合に、カメラ326が撮影する画像の例を示す説明図である。
上空については、他の方向に視界を遮蔽されない点で、カメラ326は、より確実に目印の像を撮影することができる。これにより、課金位置検出部352が課金位置の検出に失敗する可能性を低減させることができる。
また、レーザとして近赤外線レーザを用い、カメラ326として近赤外線カメラを用いようにしてもおい。これにより、直射日光が照射している場合でも、カメラ326は目印を撮影し得る。
また、「コンピュータシステム」は、WWWシステムを利用している場合であれば、ホームページ提供環境(あるいは表示環境)も含むものとする。
また、「コンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体」とは、フレキシブルディスク、光磁気ディスク、コンパクトディスク等の可搬媒体、コンピュータシステムに内蔵されるハードディスク等の記憶装置に代表される非一時的記憶媒体を含む。さらに「コンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体」とは、インターネット等のネットワークや電話回線等の通信回線を介してプログラムを送信する場合の通信線のように、短時間の間、動的にプログラムを保持する一時的記憶媒体、及びサーバやクライアントとなるコンピュータシステム内部の揮発性メモリのように、一定時間プログラムを保持している非一時的記憶媒体を含むものとする。また上記プログラムは、前述した機能の一部を実現するためのものであっても良く、さらに前述した機能をコンピュータシステムにすでに記録されているプログラムとの組み合わせで実現できるものであってもよい。
上記した課金位置評価用情報提供システムによれば、課金処理が行われた位置を評価するための情報を比較的低コストで提供することができる。
110 課金サーバ装置
120、220、320 車両
121、221 車載器
122 信号出力制御装置
123 照明装置
130 位置検出システム
131、132、326 カメラ
140、240、340 位置検出装置
141 表示部
142 操作入力部
143 対課金サーバ通信部
144 画像取得部
149 記憶部
150、250、350 制御部
151 記憶部管理部
152、252、352 課金位置検出部
153 カウント処理部
224 加速度センサ
225 加速度記録装置
245 対車両通信部
327 カメラ制御装置
Claims (11)
- 車両に搭載され、当該車両の位置に基づく課金処理が行われるタイミングで信号を出力する信号出力部と、
所定の位置に設置され、前記信号出力部からの信号を取得する信号取得部と、
前記信号取得部が取得した信号に基づいて、前記課金処理が行われた位置を検出する課金位置検出部と、
を備える課金位置評価用情報提供システム。 - 前記信号出力部は、照明装置を備えて前記信号として光を出力し、
前記信号取得部は、カメラを備えて前記車両の像を含む画像を撮影し、
前記課金位置検出部は、前記画像に含まれる、前記照明装置が点灯している車両の像の位置に基づいて、前記課金処理が行われた位置を検出する、
請求項1に記載の課金位置評価用情報提供システム。 - 前記信号出力部は、前記信号として音を出力し、
前記信号取得部は、マイクを備えて前記信号出力部からの音を取得し、
前記課金位置検出部は、前記信号取得部が取得した音の情報に基づいて、前記課金処理が行われた位置を検出する、
請求項1に記載の課金位置評価用情報提供システム。 - 前記信号出力部は、前記信号として指向性を有する光を出力し、
前記信号取得部は、前記車両の走行経路に沿って複数設けられ、前記光を取得可能な受光センサを備え、
前記課金位置検出部は、前記信号取得部がいずれの受光センサで前記光を取得したかに基づいて、前記課金処理が行われた位置を検出する、
請求項1に記載の課金位置評価用情報提供システム。 - 車両の位置に基づく課金処理を行う課金処理部と、
前記車両が走行する経路の所定の位置に設けられた表面の高さの変化による前記車両への力の作用を検出する力検出部と、
前記課金処理部が前記課金処理を行ったタイミングと、前記力検出部が前記力の作用を検出したタイミングとに基づいて、前記課金処理が行われた位置を検出する課金位置検出部と、
を備える課金位置評価用情報提供システム。 - 前記力検出部は、前記車両が走行する経路の2カ所に設けられた表面の高さの変化による、走行時の前記車両への力の作用をそれぞれ検出し、
前記課金位置検出部は、前記2カ所を両端とする範囲内に前記課金処理が行われた位置が含まれるか否かを検出する、
請求項5に記載の課金位置評価用情報提供システム。 - 前記力検出部は、前記2カ所の間にさらに設けられた表面の高さの変化による、走行時の前記車両への力の作用を検出し、
前記課金位置検出部は、前記車両が走行する経路が前記表面の高さの変化にて分割された区間のうち、前記課金処理が行われた位置が含まれる区間を検出する、
請求項6に記載の課金位置評価用情報提供システム。 - 車両に搭載され、当該車両の位置に基づく課金処理が行われるタイミングで当該車両から外部を撮影する撮影部を備える課金位置評価用情報提供システム。
- 所定の位置から撮影された画像を記憶する記憶部と、
前記課金処理が行われた位置を検出する課金位置検出部と、
を備え、
前記課金位置検出部は、前記撮影部が撮影した画像と、前記記憶部が記憶する画像とに含まれる、同一の物の像の対応付けにより、前記撮影部が撮影を行った位置と、前記記憶部が記憶する画像が撮影された位置との関係を判定する、
請求項8に記載の課金位置評価用情報提供システム。 - 所定の基準位置に所定の目印が設けられている、請求項8に記載の課金位置評価用情報提供システム。
- 前記車両が走行する経路の上方に所定の目印が設けられ、
前記撮影部は、上方に向けて設置されて撮影を行う
請求項8に記載の課金位置評価用情報提供システム。
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KR1020177019465A KR101984414B1 (ko) | 2015-01-15 | 2015-01-15 | 과금 위치 평가용 정보 제공 시스템 |
JP2016569172A JP6395010B2 (ja) | 2015-01-15 | 2015-01-15 | 課金位置評価用情報提供システム |
SG11201705774XA SG11201705774XA (en) | 2015-01-15 | 2015-01-15 | Information presentation system for evaluating billing location |
US15/543,410 US20180005458A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 | 2015-01-15 | Information presentation system for evaluating billing location |
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JP2021082305A (ja) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-27 | ソフトバンク株式会社 | 情報処理装置、情報処理方法、及び情報処理プログラム |
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SG11201705774XA (en) | 2017-08-30 |
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