WO2016113341A1

WO2016113341A1 - Motor vehicle door

Info

Publication number: WO2016113341A1
Application number: PCT/EP2016/050641
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gerald Zimmermann; Markus Hintennach
Original assignee: Bos Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2015-01-16
Filing date: 2016-01-14
Publication date: 2016-07-21
Also published as: WO2016113339A1; EP3245364A1; EP3245366A1; EP3245365A1; WO2016113340A1

Abstract

A motor vehicle door with a door lock, a door handle system, which is positioned in the region of a door recess and interacts with the door lock to open the motor vehicle door, the door handle system comprising a door handle which is movably mounted between a rest position, in which it is flush with a door exterior, and a functional position, in which it projects outward over the door exterior, is known. According to the invention, the door handle is mechanically coupled to the door lock via a mechanical emergency actuator, which, in an emergency situation, results in the door lock to be unlocked to release the motor vehicle door when the door handle is pulled. The invention also relates to the use thereof for passenger vehicles.

Description

Motor vehicle door

The invention relates to a motor vehicle door with a door lock for securing the motor vehicle door in a closed position, with a door handle system, which is positioned in the region of a door recess and cooperates with the door lock for opening the motor vehicle door, wherein the door handle system has a door handle which between a the door handle is associated with a parallel guide kinematics, by means of which the door handle between the rest position and the functional position is at least largely parallelverlagerbar and wherein an electric drive unit is provided seen to relocate the door handle between the rest position and the functional position.

Motor vehicle doors for passenger cars with recessed in a door outer skin door handles are well known (Jaguar F-Type). Such door handles are pivotally mounted and protrude in their functional position obliquely outward from the outer door skin to be taken by an operator can. The object of the invention is to provide a motor vehicle door of the type mentioned, which allows a robust and reliable door operation even during power failure.

This object is achieved in that the door handle is mechanically coupled to the door lock via a mechanical emergency operation, which causes in an emergency by pulling on the door handle unlocking the door lock for releasing the vehicle door. The electric drive unit has at least one electric motor which is supplied with electrical energy by a vehicle electrical system or by a separate energy store. If a separate electrical energy store is provided, this is preferably arranged in the motor vehicle door. This separate electrical energy storage is advantageously only activated when a failure of a vehicle-side power supply has been detected. The parallel guide kinematics ensures that the door handle in its functional position over its length (seen in the vehicle longitudinal direction) is evenly spaced to the outer door skin, so that an ergonomically favorable gripping the door handle for opening the vehicle door is possible. The motor vehicle door is advantageously designed as a front or fond side door of a passenger car. The mechanical emergency operation according to the invention makes it possible to unlock the door lock and thus to open the motor vehicle door even in the event of complete breakdown of the vehicle electrics. This ensures that the vehicle door always, especially in an accident or other vehicle-side power failure opening the motor vehicle door from the outside and consequently a salvage of vehicle occupants allows. The simple opening of the vehicle door in an emergency can save the lives of vehicle occupants. Access to the vehicle interior may also be necessary without a crash if a vehicle user is located outside the motor vehicle, including the vehicle key, and if a power outage of the vehicle electrical system or the entire vehicle electrics has occurred. By Parallelführungskinematik the door handle is displaced parallel or quasi-parallel relative to the surface of the door outer skin between the rest position and the functional position. A one-sided unscrewing moving the door handle is avoided. An advantageous alternative provides a pre-safe function for the motor vehicle and the motor vehicle door, which causes an extension of the door handles shortly before a calculated occurrence of a crash.

In normal operation of the door handle system, i. When activated electrically, the door handle system is associated with a comprehensive sensor system, which in conjunction with corresponding control units of a vehicle control causes an electrical opening and closing of the door lock and an electrical extension and retraction of the door handle. A corresponding sensor system may also comprise a sensor unit which detects the approach of an authorized person to the motor vehicle and the gripping of the door handle by an authorized person and is connected to corresponding control systems that activate corresponding electric motors for unlocking the door lock and / or for extending the door handle , The movement of the door handle or the closing of the door lock are also carried out electrically with the aid of detected signals of corresponding sensor systems.

In an embodiment of the invention, the door handle has an additional, beyond the functional position also away from the outer door skin path of movement, which can be activated in the emergency by the mechanical emergency operation. As a result, the door handle can be pulled out into an emergency position in which the door lock can be mechanically unlocked by means of the mechanical emergency operation. The mechanical emergency operation is therefore superimposed on the movement kinematics of the door handle during normal operation, so that according to the invention no separate emergency actuation system is required. Rather, the existing door handle system is merely supplemented by the mechanical emergency operation. In a further embodiment of the invention, the mechanical emergency operation on a mechanical transmission device that connects the door handle in an emergency with the door lock. The mechanical transmission device is designed such that, in an emergency, pulling the door handle in the direction of the emergency position leads to an opening, ie unlocking, of the door lock and consequently to an opening of the motor vehicle door. Advantageously, the me- mechanical transmission means a flexible tension cord, in particular a Bowden- train, which is coupled by means of a lever device with the door handle.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the door handle, a mechanical drive, in particular a spring drive, assigned, which transfers the door handle in case of failure of the electric drive unit from the rest position to the functional position or in an emergency position. The mechanical drive ensures that the door handle is extended even in case of failure or interruption of the electrical power supply in the functional position or in the emergency position.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the mechanical drive is associated with a manually releasable mechanical safety device that releases the mechanical drive in case of failure of the electric drive unit. The securing device may comprise manually releasable latching elements, which enable each other after the release of an effect of the mechanical drive, in particular a spring motor.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the parallel guide kinematics on a spindle drive or a crank mechanism, which is in operative connection with a drive shaft of an electric motor of the electric drive unit. Both the spindle drive and the crank drive allow a continuous extension and retraction of the parallel guide kinematics and consequently the door handle. A threaded spindle of the spindle drive can be formed directly by the drive shaft of the electric motor. In a further embodiment of the invention, the electric motor is assigned an independent from a vehicle electrical system electrical energy storage. The energy store is preferably mounted in the motor vehicle door in the immediate vicinity of the electric motor. The electrical energy storage ensures activation of the door handle system even in case of failure of the vehicle electrical system. In a further embodiment of the invention, the door handle and / or the parallel guide kinematics are positively locked in the rest position by a vandalism and theft protection. This reliably prevents unauthorized access to the vehicle interior.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the vandalism and anti-theft device is coupled to a central locking of the motor vehicle. The central locking system can lock the door handle against unauthorized operation both in the rest position and in the functional position to back up. For this purpose, the central locking has at least one positively locking element which cooperates with a suitable counterpart of the door handle system.

The object underlying the invention is also achieved in that the parallel guiding kinematics is designed as a pivoting kinematics, which defines a pivot axis extending in the vehicle longitudinal direction for the door handle, which is spaced in the vehicle vertical direction to the door handle. The pivoting mobility is chosen such that the door handle, despite the pivotally movable storage quasi-parallel to the door outer skin to the outside or inward displaceable.

In a further embodiment of the invention, a distance of the pivot axis to the door handle more than three times as large as a height extending in the vehicle vertical height of the door handle. Due to the corresponding leverage ratios results in the desired quasi-parallel displacement of the door handle relative to the outer door skin.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the swivel kinematics on a double bracket system, which is composed of a connected to the electric drive unit drive bracket unit and coupled to a normal operation with the drive bracket unit handle strap unit that carries the door handle. This embodiment is particularly advantageous in practice, since a possible uncoupling of the handle bar unit from the drive bar unit provides an overload protection in at least one direction of rotation as well as the possibility of a mechanical emergency operation. In a further embodiment of the invention, the drive bar unit and the handle bar unit are rotatably mounted coaxially with each other about the pivot axis. The drive bracket unit takes the handlebar unit in normal operation when acted upon by the electric drive unit in both directions, i. in the direction of the rest position and in the direction of the functional position of the door handle. The door handle itself protrudes from a door inside through a door opening in the outside door skin.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the handlebar unit for emergency by the mechanical drive is acted upon, and the mechanical securing device connects the handlebar unit with the drive ironing unit. Consequently, in the event of a loss of electrical energy, the mechanical safety device can be released, as a result of which the handlebar unit separates from the drive ironing unit. The handlebar unit is preferably spring-loaded in the direction of the functional position or in the direction of the emergency position of the door handle, see above that the handlebar unit is forcibly pivoted after the decoupling of the drive bracket unit so that the door handle moves beyond the outside door skin outward.

Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the claims and from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, which are illustrated by the drawings.

1 shows schematically an embodiment of a motor vehicle door according to the invention,

2 shows schematically in an enlarged detail of an inside a door handle system for a motor vehicle door according to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a perspective illustration of the door handle system according to FIG. 2,

4 the door handle system according to FIG. 3 with the omission of a door handle, FIG.

5 is a perspective view of a rear side of another door handle system similar to FIG. 2 to 4 for a further embodiment of a motor vehicle door according to the invention, FIGS. 6 and 7 different positions of the door handle system according to FIG.

8 is an enlarged, perspective view of the door handle system according to FIGS. 5 to 7 with the omission of an outer door skin of the motor vehicle door,

9 shows a further embodiment of a door handle system for a motor vehicle door according to FIG. 1, FIG. 10 shows the door handle system according to FIG. 9 with the omission of a cover, FIG.

1 1, the door handle system of FIG. 10 in another perspective view,

12 to 15 show the door handle system according to FIGS. 9 to 11 in a schematic plan view from above and in different positions between a rest position (FIG. 12), a functional position (FIG. 14) and an emergency position (FIG. 15), 16 to 18 in a schematic sectional view of another embodiment of a motor vehicle door according to the invention with a door handle system, the door handle is shown in different positions,

19 is an enlarged view of the door handle system according to FIGS. 16 to 18, FIG. 20 is a front view of the door handle system according to FIG. 19,

Fig. 21 is a double bracket system of the door handle system of FIGS. 16 to 20 in a schematic representation and

22 to 24 in a schematic side view of the double bracket system of the door handle system according to FIGS. 16 to 21 in different positions including an emergency position (FIG. 24).

A passenger vehicle F has, according to FIG. 1, a motor vehicle door 1, which shows a driver-side side door. The motor vehicle door 1 has an outer door skin, in which a substantially rectangular door handle recess is provided. A door handle 3 of a door handle system T, Ti, T ₂ , T ₃ protrudes into this door handle recess, as will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 24 in different embodiments. The motor vehicle door 1 is - seen in the normal direction of travel of the passenger car F - pivotally mounted in the region of its front by means of a hinge assembly, not shown, on a body support structure about a vehicle vertical axis to be opened and closed. In the area of its rear side, the motor vehicle door 1 is secured to the body support structure by means of a door lock 4 in a closed state. When closed, the motor vehicle door 1 closes a door cutout of the body support structure. The door lock 4 has a door-side section and a support structure-side section. At least a portion of the door lock 4 is movably supported between a release position, in which the motor vehicle door 1 can be swung open, and a securing position, in which the movable section is locked to the stationary section of the door lock 4, around the motor vehicle door 1 in its closed position to secure to the body structure.

In a normal operation, the door lock 4 is actuated by an electric servomotor 5, which is switched via an electronic control unit S. The control unit S is connected to a sensor system 6 of the door handle system in order to be able to control the electric servomotor 5 for opening and closing the door lock 4 as a function of corresponding sensor signals of the door handle system. The sensor 6 can for the detection of different Be provided parameters that are related to the door handle system. Thus, the sensor 6 can detect different positions of a door handle of the door handle system and / or approaches to the door handle and / or touch the door handle by authorized, ie provided with a vehicle key, persons. The sensor 6 comprises both touch-intensive and non-contact sensors as well as electrical sensors in the form of limit switches or the like.

In all embodiments, the door handle system on a door handle 3, 3a, 3b, 3c, which is positioned in a rest position centered in the door recess and flush and flush with an outside of the outer door skin. In all embodiments, the door handle 3, 3a, 3b, 3c is also displaced from the rest position into a functional position at least substantially parallel, in which the door handle 3, 3a, 3b, 3c projects approximately parallel to the outer door skin laterally outwardly beyond the outer door skin. All door handles 3, 3a, 3b, 3c are substantially D-shaped or C-shaped and have an outside handle bar, which extends in the rest position flush over the length of the door opening in the vehicle longitudinal direction. From the handle bar protrude integrally from two legs, which are extending in the vehicle transverse direction inwards. Between the two legs a penetration is provided through which a hand of an operator can grip to operate the door handle 3, 3a, 3b, 3c. In D-shaped design of the door handle (Fig. 3 and 8), the two legs are integrally connected to each other via a transverse profile, whereby the corresponding door handle is designed in the manner of a square frame. All outer contours of the various sections of the door handles are designed to be seam-free and edge-free in order to allow a comfortable handling of the respective door handle by an operator. Each door handle 3, 3a, 3b, 3c is movably mounted in each case via a parallel guide kinematics of the door handle system between the rest position and the functional position. The parallel guide kinematics can be designed as a linear parallel guide in the manner of a drawer (FIGS. 2 to 15) or as a pivoting kinematics with quasi-parallel pivoting of the door handle 3c (FIGS. 16 to 24).

In all door handle systems in normal operation, the activation and displacement of the respective door handle via an electric drive unit. In addition, a mechanical emergency operation 7, 7b, 7c is provided in all door handle systems, which enables mechanical actuation of the door lock 4 in the event of a power failure or a power interruption. In all embodiments, the mechanical emergency operation 7, 7b, 7c coupled to a manual operation of the corresponding door handle 3, 3a, 3b, 3c, so that the mechanical emergency operation 7 establishes a mechanical connection between the movement of the door handle and the adjustment of the door lock 4. The mechanical emergency operation 7 is ineffective as long as the respective ge door handle is moved between its rest position and its functional position and the door lock 4 is electrically operated.

The door handle systems T, T-i according to FIGS. 2 to 8 differ only slightly from each other. A substantially D-shaped door handle 3, 3a is parallelverlagerbar by means of a Parallelführungskinema- relative to a support housing 10, 10a between a rest position and a functional position. The parallel guide kinematics has a crank mechanism 1 1 and two joint legs 12 which are mounted on the carrier housing 10. The carrier housing 10, 10 a is held in a housing frame G which is fixedly connected to an inner side of the door outer skin of the motor vehicle door 1. The carrier housing 10, 10a is mounted so as to be pivotable relative to the housing frame G so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis R which extends substantially in the vehicle vertical direction. A unspecified, mechanical safety device, in the present case in the form of corresponding locking elements in the region of the support housing 10, 10a on the one hand and the housing frame G on the other hand, fixed the support housing 10, 10a during normal operation of the door handle system T, Ti within the Gehäuserah- men G. Once the Door handle system passes in case of power failure or power failure in an emergency operation, the safety device releases the carrier housing 10, 10 a relative to the housing frame G for a limited pivoting movement about the pivot axis R to the outside. As a result, the mechanical emergency operation 7 is activated, which causes a manual pulling on the door handle 3, 3a and a resultant pivoting of the carrier housing 10, 10a relative to the housing frame G opening the door lock 4. The mechanical emergency operation 7 has for this purpose mechanical transmission elements including a flexible tension cord, in particular in the form of a Bowden cable, which controls a correspondingly movable part of the door lock 4.

As can be seen with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the crank mechanism 1 1 is associated with a mechanical spring motor 14, which is positioned in the retracted state in the normal operation of the door handle system T, Ti. The mounting, ie clamping, the mechanical spring motor 14 is effected by an electric motor 9 which is coupled by means of a worm gear and a pinion or a pinion gear segment 15a with the crank mechanism 1 1, to the retraction and extension of the door handle 3, 3a between the rest position and to effect the functional position. The door handle systems T, Ti differ only slightly from each other. Functionally identical or identical components and sections are therefore provided with the same reference numerals, wherein in the door handle system Ti in each case the letter a is added. A drive shaft of the electric motor 9, 9a is coaxially coupled to a threaded spindle 13, 13a, which in turn meshes with the pinion and the pinion gear segment 15a. The electric motor 9, 9a attracts the mechanical spring motor 14, as long as the door handle system T, Ti in normal operation, ie in energized State, is. Not shown fuse elements secure the mechanical spring motor 14 in this wound, ie tensioned, state, as long as the door handle system T, Ti is in normal operation. As soon as an emergency situation occurs due to power failure or power interruption, the security elements release the mechanical spring motor 14, whereby the door handle 3, 3a is inevitably moved mechanically from the rest position into the functional position to the outside. In this case, the mechanical spring motor 14 acts on the crank mechanism 1 1, which causes via corresponding scissor joints 12, the parallel extension of the door handle 3, 3 a to the outside. In this functional position, the door handle 3, 3 a protrudes outward beyond the door outer skin of the motor vehicle door 1. The carrier housing 10, 10a is released by loosening the securing device for a limited pivoting movement about the pivot axis R relative to the rigid housing frame G, so that a pull on the door handle 3, 3a inevitably leads to a pivoting out of the carrier housing 10, 10a. This additional path of the door handle 3, 3a including the support housing 10, 10a causes a mechanical movement of the corresponding movable portion of the door lock 4 and thus a mechanical emergency operation, so that the door lock 4 opens and the motor vehicle door 1 can be reared to the outside.

The door handle system T ₂ according to FIGS. 9 to 15 also has a door handle 3b, which is positioned according to FIG. 1 in a door recess of a motor vehicle door 1 b. The door handle system T ₂ is provided with a mechanical emergency operation, which will be described in more detail below. As a parallel guide kinematics for the displacement of the door handle 3b is a toggle lever system with two toggle joints 16b and a spindle drive with two opposing threaded spindles 13b, 13c provided, which engage in threaded nuts, which are positioned in the region of the respective toggle joint 16b. The two threaded spindles 13b and 13c are coaxial with a drive shaft of an electric motor 9b, which is held against rotation in a manner not shown on a support plate 19b of the door handle system T ₂ . An activation of the electric motor 9b inevitably leads to a rotation of the two coaxial threaded spindles 13b and 13c, whereby the door handle 3b on the toggle joints 16b in the desired manner between its rest position and its functional position is displaced, as long as the door handle system T ₂ is in normal operation, in the the electric motor 9b is energized. The carrier plate 19b is held on a structural part 10b of a door support structure. In this case, the support plate 19b is held at one end about a pivot axis R on the stationary structural plate of the door support structure 10b, which is fixedly positioned in the region of the inside of the motor vehicle door 1 b. The structure plate 10b corresponds in function to the housing frame G of the door handle systems T, Ti, which are also fixedly and stationarily connected to the motor vehicle door. The support plate 19b corresponds functionally to the support housing 10, 10a in the embodiments of door handle systems T, Ti. In normal operation, the carrier plate 19b is connected via a not shown provided security device form-fitting firmly held on the structural plate 10b. The safety device is in emergency operation, ie in case of power failure or power interruption, the support plate 19b for a limited pivoting movement about the pivot axis R relative to the structure plate 10b free. A pivoting movement of the support plate 19b is limited by blocking elements 17b which are fixedly connected to the structure plate 10b (see FIG. 15). A front end region of the carrier plate 19b, which is remote from the pivot axis R, is connected to the mechanical emergency operation 7b in a motion-transmitting manner via a pivot lever arrangement 18b to a transmission line, in particular a Bowden cable. With reference to FIG. 15, it can be seen that a pivoting of the carrier plate 19b outwardly leads to a pivoting of the lever assembly, whereby a corresponding transmission to the transmission line is necessarily made, which - as in the previous embodiments - to unlock the door lock 4 (Fig 1). In the door handle system T ₂ according to FIGS. 9 to 15, a lock cylinder 8b is additionally provided immediately adjacent to the door handle 3b, the locking axis P (see FIG. 13) of which crosses a pivot point of the lever arrangement 18b. Therefore, as soon as the lock cylinder 8b is locked by means of a corresponding key, a locking element of the lock cylinder 8b moves along the locking axis P in the vehicle transverse direction inwardly in a manner not shown, whereby the locking element acts mechanically on the joint extension of the lever assembly 18b. As a result, a mechanical displacement of the lever arrangement 18b can be achieved in the same way, which leads to a desired transfer of this mechanical movement to the mechanical emergency operation 7b and thus to the door lock 4. If, therefore, according to FIG. 12, the door handle 3b is in the rest position in an emergency, ie in the event of a power failure or power interruption, an operator can also make an emergency opening of the door lock 4 by means of a vehicle key by corresponding actuation of the lock cylinder 8b. As an alternative or in addition, the electric motor 9b can still move the door handle 3b with residual current from the rest position into the functional position when the impending emergency situation is recognized, in which case the desired pivoting of the lever arrangement 18b can be easily achieved by manually gripping the door handle 3b and moving it outwards the pivoting of the support plate 19b takes place. The door handle system T _{3 shown in} FIGS. 16 to 24 is housed in an unspecified housing which is attached to an inner side of the door outer skin of the motor vehicle door 1 c. Analogous to FIG. 1, a door handle 3c protrudes into a door cutout of the outer door skin of the motor vehicle door 1c and, in its rest position (FIG. 16), terminates flush with the outer side of the door outer skin. The door handle 3c is displaceable outward by means of a pivoting kinematics over the outside door skin into a functional position (FIG. 18), in order to allow gripping of the door handle 3c and electrical opening of the door lock 4 in normal operation. The swivel nematik is realized by a double bracket system, which can be seen with reference to FIGS. 20 to 24. The pivoting kinematics is also associated with a mass pendulum 20, which is in operative connection with the pivoting kinematics that in a side impact on the motor vehicle door 1 c the door handle 3 c is secured in its rest position. In other words, it is prevented by the mass pendulum 20 that an automatic, undesirable opening of the motor vehicle door 1 c results in a side impact by inertial forces acting on the door handle 3 c and the pivoting kinematics.

The double-bracket system has a drive bracket unit 24 and a handle bracket unit 23, which are mounted pivotably about a common, extended in the vehicle longitudinal direction pivot axis 22 within the housing of the door handle system T ₃ . The handle bar unit 23 has four mutually parallel bar arms, which carry the door handle 3c. The door handle 3c is integrally connected to the stirrup legs.

The drive bracket unit 24 is designed in one piece in the manner of a pivot plate and is provided with integral integrally formed or fixed toothed segments 30 which are aligned coaxially with the pivot axis 22. With each toothed segment 30 meshes a pinion 29, which are arranged on a common output shaft 28. The output shaft 28 is rotatable about an axis of rotation which is parallel to the pivot axis 22. The output shaft 28 is driven via an electric drive unit 25 in the form of a servomotor whose drive shaft carries a threaded spindle which meshes with a threaded screw 27. The threaded screw 27 is rotationally held on the output shaft 28. The electric drive thus formed serves to pivot the drive bracket unit 24. The handle bar unit 23 is detachably connected to the drive bar unit 24 via a securing device 31, which is formed by mechanical latching elements. In addition, acts on the handle unit 23, a spring unit 32 which is supported on the drive bracket unit 24. The spring unit 32 exerts on the handle unit 23 a torque about the pivot axis 22 in the direction of the functional position of the door handle 3 c, as soon as the handle unit 23 is released by loosening the securing device 31 of the drive ironing unit 24. In normal operation of the door handle system T ₃ , the handle unit 23 is connected via the securing device 31 fixed to the drive bracket unit 24 and therefore moves together with the drive bracket unit 24 as soon as it is acted upon by the electric drive system (see FIG. As soon as the securing device 31 has been brought into its release position, the spring unit 32 presses apart the handlebar unit 23 and the drive-bar unit 24. A release of the securing device 31 can be done manually, in particular by pressing the door handle 3c in the vehicle transverse direction inwards. As soon as the handlebar unit 23 has been released from the drive-bar unit 24, the door handle 3c can manually be moved further outward by an operator's hand via an additional path. be withdrawn. In this case, a stop of the handle bar unit 23 comes to rest on a lever arrangement 18c of the mechanical emergency control 7c and pivots the corresponding lever arrangement, as can be seen from FIG. As a result, analogous to the embodiments described above via the flexible transmission line, in particular the Bowden cable, a mechanical actuation of the door lock 4, whereby the door lock 4 opens and the motor vehicle door 1 c can be converted into its open position. With the dot-dash line in Figs. 22 to 24, the door outer skin of the motor vehicle door 1 c is indicated.

Claims

claims

1 . Motor vehicle door with a door lock (4) for securing the motor vehicle door (1, 1 a, 1 b, 1 c) in a closed position, with a door handle system (T, Ti, T ₂ , T ₃ ), which is positioned in the region of a door opening and interacts with the door lock (4) for opening the motor vehicle door, the door handle system having a door handle (3, 3a, 3b, 3c) which is movably mounted between a rest position positioned flush with a door outer skin and a functional position projecting outwardly beyond the outer door skin wherein the door handle is associated with a parallel guide kinematics, by means of which the door handle (3, 3a, 3b, 3c) between the rest position and the functional position is at least substantially parallelverlagerbar, and wherein an electric drive unit (9, 9a, 9b, 25) is provided, to relocate the door handle (3, 3a, 3b, 3c) between the rest position and the functional position, characterized in that the door handle (3, 3a, 3b, 3c) with the door lock (4) via a mechanical emergency operation (7, 7a, 7b, 7c) is mechanically coupled, in an emergency by pulling on the door handle (3, 3a, 3b, 3c) unlocking the door lock (4) for a Release the motor vehicle door (1, 1 a, 1 b, 1 c) causes.

2. Motor vehicle door according to claim 1, characterized in that the door handle (1, 1 a, 1 b, 1 c) has an addition beyond the functional position of the door outer skin away movement path, which is activated in the emergency by the mechanical emergency operation ,

3. Motor vehicle door according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mechanical emergency operation (7, 7a, 7b, 7c) has a mechanical transmission device which couples the door handle in an emergency with the door lock.

4. Motor vehicle door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the door handle (3a, 3c) is associated with a mechanical drive, in particular a spring drive, the door handle (3a, 3c) in case of failure of the electric drive unit (9a, 25) the rest position in the functional position or transferred to an emergency position.

5. Motor vehicle door according to claim 4, characterized in that the mechanical drive is associated with a manually releasable mechanical safety device (31) which releases the mechanical drive in case of failure of the electric drive unit (25).

6. Motor vehicle door according to claim 1, characterized in that the parallel guide kinematics comprises a spindle drive or a crank mechanism, which is in operative connection with a drive shaft of a drive unit serving as the electric motor.

7. Motor vehicle door according to claim 6, characterized in that the electric motor is assigned an independent from a vehicle electrical system electrical energy storage.

8. Motor vehicle door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the door handle and / or the parallel guide kinematics are positively locked in the rest position by a vandalism and anti-theft device.

9. Motor vehicle door according to claim 8, characterized in that the vandalism and anti-theft device is coupled to a central locking of the motor vehicle.

10. Motor vehicle door according to claim 1, characterized in that the parallel guide kinematics is designed as a pivoting kinematics for the door handle (3c) extending in the vehicle longitudinal direction pivot axis (22) which is spaced in the vehicle vertical direction to the door handle (3c).

1 1. Motor vehicle door according to claim 10, characterized in that a distance of the pivot axis (22) to the door handle (3c) is more than three times as large as a height extending in the vehicle vertical direction of the door handle (3c).

12. Motor vehicle door according to claim 10, characterized in that the pivoting kinematics comprises a double strap system composed of a drive unit (24) connected to the electric drive unit (25) and one for normal operation with the drive bracket unit (24) coupled to the handle bracket unit (23) that carries the door handle (3c).

13. Motor vehicle door according to claim 12, characterized in that the drive bracket unit (24) and the handle bracket unit (23) coaxial with each other about the pivot axis

(22) are rotatably mounted.

14. Motor vehicle door according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the handle bar unit (23) can be acted upon by the mechanical drive for emergency and that the mechanical securing means (31) in normal operation, the handle bar unit

(23) with the drive bracket unit (24) rotatably connects.