WO2016112749A1 - 充填墙体自消除的无煤柱沿空留巷方法 - Google Patents

充填墙体自消除的无煤柱沿空留巷方法 Download PDF

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WO2016112749A1
WO2016112749A1 PCT/CN2015/095905 CN2015095905W WO2016112749A1 WO 2016112749 A1 WO2016112749 A1 WO 2016112749A1 CN 2015095905 W CN2015095905 W CN 2015095905W WO 2016112749 A1 WO2016112749 A1 WO 2016112749A1
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wall
filling
coal
mining
filling wall
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张农
韩昌良
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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Priority to AU2015377002A priority Critical patent/AU2015377002B2/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E21F15/02—Supporting means, e.g. shuttering, for filling-up materials
    • E21F15/04—Stowing mats; Goaf wire netting; Partition walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose

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  • the invention relates to the technology of retaining lanes along the air, in particular to a method for retaining lanes without coal pillars which is suitable for the self-removal of the filling wall in the field of roadway supporting engineering.
  • the existing roadway retaining technology can cancel the coal pillar between the working faces, but leaves a filling wall with the same length as the working surface.
  • the width of the filling wall is about 0.5 to 1.5 times that of the mining height. . That is to say, the current technology of retaining lanes along the air is to replace the tens of meters of coal pillars with a filling wall of several meters wide. Since the strength of the filling wall is higher than that of the coal body, the concentrated stress on the filling wall is stronger than that of the same size coal body. Although the width of the filling wall is small, it is still affected by the falling angle of the rock layer. A large range of stress concentration areas are generated in the rock formation, which is not conducive to the safe mining of adjacent coal seams. In order to avoid the influence of the stress concentration zone, large coal pillars have to be left in the mining of adjacent layers, resulting in a serious waste of resources.
  • the technical difficulty of deep coal mining is increased due to the increase of ground stress.
  • a simple coal seam is first selected for mining, and the pressure relief of adjacent coal seam is realized by the technology of no coal pillars along the goaf to reduce the adjacent complex coal seam.
  • the difficulty of mining As the depth of coal mining in China continues to increase, the technology of retaining roadway along the coal-free column has increasingly demonstrated its remarkable technical advantages.
  • the existing roadway retaining method has largely restricted the pressure relief range of the close coal seam group protective layer mining, which hindered the The development of continuous pressure relief mining technology.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide an air-filled roadway method for self-eliminating a filling wall without a coal pillar and a rock pillar.
  • the method for retaining the wall of the non-coal pillar without self-removing of the filling wall of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • step a to mason the next filling wall until the mining section of the upper section ends mining, masonry When the next wall is filled, the flexible molded bags are tightly connected;
  • the remaining roadway along the empty space is used as a mining roadway for the coal mining face of the lower section.
  • the flexible die bag behind the goaf of the coal mining face of the lower section is cut, so that The flexible mold bag loses the sealing and restraining effect on the filling wall;
  • step c as the coal mining work in the lower section advances forward, until the mining of the lower section coal mining face ends;
  • the width of the filling wall is 0.5 to 1.5 times of the average mining height of the working surface, and the height is equal to the mining height, and the length of each wall is 1.8 to 3.0 m.
  • the ventilating tube comprises a vent tube, the front end of the vent tube is a threaded tube, and the rear end is a threaded sleeve that can cooperate with the front end.
  • the vent tube is provided with a plurality of cross-disposed venting branch tubes, a surface of the vent tube and the venting branch tube. There are a plurality of vent holes respectively.
  • the carbon dioxide injected into the filling wall is dry or water vapor containing carbon dioxide gas.
  • the present invention Since the above technical solution is adopted, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
  • the sealing condition of the flexible mold bag can avoid the weathering effect of the filling wall, and can fully exert the high support performance of the wall of the high water material.
  • the carbon dioxide is injected through the ventilation pipe to promote the rapid carbonization and decomposition of the filling wall from the inside, so that the filling wall can be self-erased, and the stress concentration caused by the filling of the wall is avoided, and the upper and lower adjacent
  • the effect of sufficient pressure relief of coal seams has a positive effect on the maintenance of mining space, gas drainage and prevention of power disasters.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of an empty roadway of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the vent pipe of the present invention.
  • the roadway wall of the present invention has a self-eliminating coal pillar-free roadway method, and when the upper coal mining face 1 is mined, along the edge of the goaf 2, to the flexible mold bag. 3 pumping high-water material, constructing a wall-filling wall 4, and pre-positioning the vent pipe 6 in the filling wall 4, mining the coal mining face 7 in the lower section, the coal working face 7 behind The flexible mold bag 3 is cut, and after the completion of the mining, carbon dioxide is injected into the vent pipe 6, which causes the carbonization reaction of the filling wall to be broken and decomposed, thereby realizing the self-elimination of the wall along the roadway.
  • the specific implementation steps are as follows:
  • a flexible mould bag 3 is placed along the edge of the goaf 2 to pump the high water material into the flexible mould In the bag 3, a wall is filled into the wall 4, so that the roadway behind the coal mining face 1 of the upper section is formed along the empty roadway 5.
  • the impermeable film is pre-packaged in the filling wall 4.
  • the vent pipe 6 includes a vent pipe 6-1, the front end of the vent pipe 6-1 is a threaded pipe 6-2, and the rear end is a threaded sleeve 6-5 that can be engaged with the front end, and the vent pipe 6
  • the upper spacer package has a plurality of venting branch pipes 6-4 arranged at an intersection, and the surfaces of the vent pipe 6-1 and the venting branch pipe 6-4 are respectively provided with a plurality of vent holes 6-3.
  • step b masonry the next filling wall 4, until the upper section of the coal mining face 1
  • the flexible molding bags 3 are tightly connected, and the ventilation pipes 6 in the multi-filled wall 4 are screwed together to form a ventilation pipe, and the filling wall is formed.
  • the width of the body 4 is 0.5 to 1.5 times the average height of the working face, and the height is equal to the height of the mining.
  • the length of each wall 4 is 1.8 to 3.0 m.
  • the remaining roadway 5 is used as a mining roadway of the lower section coal mining face 7, and when the coal mining face of the lower section is mined, the flexible mould bag behind the goaf of the lower section coal mining face 7 3 cutting, so that the flexible mold bag 3 loses the sealing and restraining effect on the filling wall 4;
  • step c repeats multiple times until the mining section 7 of the lower section ends.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

一种充填墙体自消除的无煤柱沿空留巷方法包括如下步骤，在开采上区段采煤工作面（1）时，沿着采空区（2）的边缘向柔性模袋（3）内泵送高水材料，构筑形成巷旁充填墙体（4），并在充填墙体内预置通气管（6），在开采下区段采煤工作面（7）时，将该采煤工作面后方的柔性模袋（3）被割破，开采完毕后，向通气管内注入二氧化碳，促使充填墙体发生碳化反应并破碎分解，实现巷旁墙体自消除。该方法在沿空留巷服务期间，能够充分发挥高水材料巷旁墙体的高支撑性能，在沿空留巷报废后，可实现充填墙体自消除，避免了因充填墙体遗留而产生的应力集中，达到对上下邻近煤层充分卸压的效果，对于采掘空间维护、瓦斯抽采以及动力灾害防治具有积极的作用。

Description

充填墙体自消除的无煤柱沿空留巷方法 技术领域
本发明涉及沿空留巷技术，尤其是一种适应于井巷支护工程领域的充填墙体自消除的无煤柱沿空留巷方法。
背景技术
在近距离煤层群赋存条件下，开采其中一个煤层势必对其它煤层造成影响，而先采煤层的遗留煤柱在上下岩层中形成的集中应力则是其中最为关键的不利影响之一。采动应力集中制约了矿井的生产布局、采掘空间维护以及卸压瓦斯治理，往往带来顶板垮冒、冲击地压、瓦斯突出等严重后果。无煤柱沿空留巷可以在很大程度上降低这种影响的程度，消除因煤柱集中应力产生的动力灾害。
现有的沿空留巷技术能够取消工作面之间的煤柱，但却留下了一个与工作面推进距离等长的充填墙体，充填墙体的宽度约为采高的0.5～1.5倍。也就是说，当前的沿空留巷技术是将数十米的煤柱置换为数米宽的充填墙体。由于充填墙体的强度比煤体更高，因而充填墙体上的集中应力比相同尺寸的煤体更强烈，尽管充填墙体的宽度较小，但受岩层垮落角的影响，仍然在上下岩层中产生较大范围的应力集中区，不利于邻近煤层的安全开采。为了避免应力集中区的影响，邻近层开采时，不得不留设大煤柱，造成较严重的资源浪费。
深部煤炭开采的技术难度因地应力的增高而加大，煤层群条件下往往选择一个简单煤层首先开采，并通过无煤柱沿空留巷技术实现对邻近煤层的卸压，以降低邻近复杂煤层的开采难度。随着我国煤炭开采深度的持续增加，无煤柱沿空留巷技术越发体现其显著的技术优势。但是目前尚缺少一种既无煤柱又无岩柱的沿空留巷方法，现有的沿空留巷方法在很大程度上限制了近距离煤层群保护层开采的卸压范围，阻碍了连续卸压开采技术的发展。
发明内容
技术问题：本发明的目的是克服已有技术中的不足，提供一种充填墙体自消除、既无煤柱又无岩柱的沿空留巷方法。
技术方案：本发明的充填墙体自消除的无煤柱沿空留巷方法，包括如下步骤：
a.开采上区段采煤工作面的过程中，在位于上区段采煤工作面的后方，沿着采空区 的边缘安置柔性模袋，将高水材料泵入柔性模袋内，砌筑成一垛充填墙体，使上区段采煤工作面(1)后方的巷道形成沿空留巷，砌筑过程中，在充填墙体内预置包有防渗薄膜的通风管；
b.随着上区段采煤工作面向前推进并在其后方形成足够的充填空间时，重复步骤a，砌筑下一垛充填墙体，直至上区段采煤工作面回采结束，砌筑下一垛充填墙体时，使柔性模袋之间紧密连接；
c.将沿空留巷作为下区段采煤工作面的一条回采巷道，开采下区段采煤工作面时，将下区段采煤工作面采空区后方的柔性模袋割破，使柔性模袋失去对充填墙体的封闭和约束作用；
d.随着下区段采煤工作面向前推进，重复步骤c，直至下区段采煤工作面回采结束；
e.通过通气管向充填墙体内注入二氧化碳，促使充填墙体发生碳化反应并破碎分解，实现充填墙体的自消除。
所述的充填墙体宽度为工作面平均采高的0.5～1.5倍，高度与采高相等，每垛墙体的长度为1.8～3.0m。
所述的通风管包括通气管，通气管的前端为螺纹管，后端为可与前端配合的螺纹套管，通气管上间隔套装有多个交叉布置的通气支管，通气管和通气支管的表面分别开有多个通气孔。
所述向充填墙体内注入的二氧化碳为干燥的或者带有水汽的二氧化碳气体。
有益效果：由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点：
(1)沿空留巷服务期间，柔性模袋的密封条件可使充填墙体避免受到风化作用，能够充分发挥高水材料巷旁墙体的高支撑性能。
(2)沿空留巷报废后，立刻将柔性模袋打开，在井下空气的风化作用下，充填墙体强度逐渐弱化，并由表及里发生崩解，使其支撑作用减弱，有利于顶板垮落。
(3)工作面回采结束后，通过通风管路注入二氧化碳，促使充填墙体自内部迅速碳化分解，实现充填墙体自消除，避免了因充填墙体遗留而产生的应力集中，达到对上下邻近煤层充分卸压的效果，对于采掘空间维护、瓦斯抽采以及动力灾害防治具有积极的作用。
(4)回采结束后，区段之间既无煤柱又无岩柱，因而上下邻近煤层开采时不需留设煤柱，能够显著提高煤炭的采出率。
附图说明
图1是本发明的沿空留巷示意图。
图2是本发明的通气管结构示意图。
图中：1-上区段采煤工作面；2-采空区；3-柔性模袋；4-充填墙体；5-沿空留巷；6-通气管；6-1-通气管；6-2-螺纹管；6-3-通气孔；6-4-通气支管；6-5-螺纹套管，7-下区段采煤工作面。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的一个实施例作进一步的描述：
如图1所示，本发明的巷旁墙体自消除的无煤柱沿空留巷方法，在开采上区段采煤工作面1时，沿着采空区2的边缘、向柔性模袋3内泵送高水材料，构筑成巷旁充填墙体4，并在充填墙体4内预置通气管6，开采下区段采煤工作面7时，将该采煤工作面7后方的柔性模袋3割破，开采完毕后，向通气管6内注入二氧化碳，促使充填墙体发生碳化反应并破碎分解，实现巷旁墙体自消除。具体实施步骤如下：
a.开采上区段采煤工作面1的过程中，在位于上区段采煤工作面1的后方，沿着采空区2的边缘安置柔性模袋3，将高水材料泵入柔性模袋3内，砌筑成一垛充填墙体4，使上区段采煤工作面1后方的巷道形成沿空留巷5，砌筑过程中，在充填墙体4内预置包有防渗薄膜的通风管6；所述的通风管6包括通气管6-1，通气管6-1的前端为螺纹管6-2，后端为可与前端配合的螺纹套管6-5，通气管6-1上间隔套装有多个交叉布置的通气支管6-4，通气管6-1和通气支管6-4的表面分别开有多个通气孔6-3。
b.随着上区段采煤工作面1向前推进并在其后方形成足够的充填空间时，重复步骤a，砌筑下一垛充填墙体4，直至上区段采煤工作面1回采结束，砌筑下一垛充填墙体4时，使柔性模袋3之间紧密连接，将多垛充填墙体4内的通风管6螺纹连接在一起，形成通气管路，所述的充填墙体4宽度为工作面平均采高的0.5～1.5倍，高度与采高相等，每垛墙体4的长度为1.8～3.0m。
c.将沿空留巷5作为下区段采煤工作面7的一条回采巷道，开采下区段采煤工作面7时，将下区段采煤工作面7采空区后方的柔性模袋3割破，使柔性模袋3失去对充填墙体4的封闭和约束作用；
d.随着下区段采煤工作面7向前推进，重复步骤c多次，直至下区段采煤工作面7回采结束；
e.通过通气管6向充填墙体4内注入二氧化碳，促使充填墙体4发生碳化反应并破碎分解，实现充填墙体4的自消除。所述向充填墙体4内注入的二氧化碳为干燥的或者带有水汽的二氧化碳气体。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种充填墙体自消除的无煤柱沿空留巷方法，其特征是包括如下步骤：
    a.开采上区段采煤工作面(1)的过程中，在位于上区段采煤工作面(1)的后方，沿着采空区(2)的边缘安置柔性模袋(3)，将高水材料泵入柔性模袋(3)内，砌筑成一垛充填墙体(4)，使上区段采煤工作面(1)后方的巷道形成沿空留巷(5)，砌筑过程中，在充填墙体(4)内预置包有防渗薄膜的通风管(6)；
    b.随着上区段采煤工作面(1)向前推进并在其后方形成足够的充填空间时，重复步骤a，砌筑下一垛充填墙体(4)，直至上区段采煤工作面(1)回采结束，砌筑下一垛充填墙体(4)时，使柔性模袋(3)之间紧密连接；
    c.将沿空留巷(5)作为下区段采煤工作面(7)的一条回采巷道，开采下区段采煤工作面(7)时，将下区段采煤工作面(7)采空区后方的柔性模袋(3)割破，使柔性模袋(3)失去对充填墙体(4)的封闭和约束作用；
    d.随着下区段采煤工作面(7)向前推进，重复步骤c，直至下区段采煤工作面(7)回采结束；
    e.通过通气管(6)向充填墙体(4)内注入二氧化碳，促使充填墙体(4)发生碳化反应并破碎分解，实现充填墙体(4)的自消除。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的充填墙体自消除的无煤柱沿空留巷方法，其特征是：所述的充填墙体(4)宽度为工作面平均采高的0.5～1.5倍，高度与采高相等，每垛墙体的长度为1.8～3.0m。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的充填墙体自消除的无煤柱沿空留巷方法，其特征是：所述的通风管(6)包括通气管(6-1)，通气管(6-1)的前端为螺纹管(6-2)，后端为可与前端配合的螺纹套管(6-5)，通气管(6-1)上间隔套装有多个交叉布置的通气支管(6-4)，通气管(6-1)和通气支管(6-4)的表面分别开有多个通气孔(6-3)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的充填墙体自消除的无煤柱沿空留巷方法，其特征是：所述向充填墙体(4)内注入的二氧化碳为干燥的或者带有水汽的二氧化碳气体。
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