WO2016112739A1

WO2016112739A1 - Material surface ice layer vertical bonding strength testing device and testing method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2016112739A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/094760
Authority: WO
Inventors: 欧军飞; 时庆文; 王法军; 薛名山
Original assignee: 南昌航空大学
Priority date: 2015-01-14
Filing date: 2015-11-17
Publication date: 2016-07-21
Also published as: CN104568743B; CN104568743A

Abstract

A material surface ice layer (15) vertical bonding strength testing device and testing method thereof, the method comprising: preparing ice layers (15) having equal volumes and equal contact areas by using a conical cylinder (10) in a measuring device, and peeling the ice layer (15) by a stretching device (8) lifting the conical cylinder (10); reading a maximum normal force during peeling, and characterizing material surface ice layer (15) vertical bonding strength via a ratio of the value, and a contact area of the ice layer (15) and a test specimen (14). The device and the testing method provide the following advantages: usable in the ice layer vertical bonding strength test of a plurality of materials, coating and natural biological surfaces and special wetting test specimen surfaces, providing a simple and effective method and a means for a material and coating selection in an engineer and surface modifying technique, and providing a good characterizing means for scientific research.

Description

Test device for vertical bonding strength of material surface ice layer and test method thereof

Technical field

The invention relates to a testing device for metal materials, coatings, natural biological material surfaces and special wettability surface ice layer strength, in particular to a testing device for testing the vertical bonding strength of ice surface of materials and a testing method thereof.

Background technique

In nature, icing is a beautiful natural landscape that can bring visual enjoyment to human beings, but it can often cause inconvenience and even disaster to people's daily life and actual engineering. For example, the power system, high-voltage overhead transmission bare aluminum wire will appear ice under certain atmospheric conditions. When the transmission line is severely covered with ice, disasters such as line tripping, wire galloping, line breakage, tower collapse, insulator flashover, and communication interruption occur. Icing in different parts of the aircraft surface will cause aerodynamic performance to deteriorate, the aircraft will vibrate violently, hinder the driver's line of sight, interfere with communication or cause communication interruption, etc., reduce the maneuverability and stability of the aircraft, and directly threaten the flight safety of the aircraft. . At present, there are many anti-icing measures in various fields, among which the more commonly used ones are coated with anti-icing coating on the surface of the substrate, and the material with less bonding strength to the ice layer is used as the substrate and special treatment is applied on the surface of the material to make the surface The ice layer bonding strength is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to study the bonding strength of the surface ice layer of the material.

At present, the domestic and international reports on the test methods of the bonding strength of the surface ice layer of materials mainly include: the cold spot research and engineering experiment ASTM D3528-96 (2002) test standard, and the double test piece lap joint force test method is designed for evaluation. The bond strength between the surface of the material and the ice; the US Army Corps of Engineers and the Cold Area Research Engineering Laboratory have proposed the shear strength and normal peel strength after the hollow core barrels currently used for ice, using normal and tangential thrust The force of peeling off the ice in the hollow core cup and the surface to be tested characterizes the surface ice bonding strength of the material; the domestic patent "a device for testing the bonding strength of ice coating or coating" (ZL200920001291.0) is based on "a measurement proposed by the patent CN1321881A" The test method for the bond strength of the coating uses the cone surface cavity and the clogging extrusion and tensile test to test the normal force of the surface of the sample and the ice; the domestic patent 201110115608.5 designs a test device for the shear bond strength of ice. The test device tits water droplets on the surface of the material, and cools the sample through the refrigeration unit at the bottom of the sample. After it is completely frozen, the upper part of the material is utilized. Moving the blade surface of the convex ice release, the maximum gauge readout peel force measured by the load. Summarize the above-mentioned test methods and devices for the surface ice bonding strength of materials. The main problems are: (1) complicated equipment, many test elements, large test error; (2) long test time and high production cost; (3) The test has a narrow application range and low practicality.

Summary of the invention

In view of the above problems existing in the existing surface ice adhesion strength testing method and apparatus, the object of the present invention is to provide a simple, rapid, reproducible, suitable surface for a variety of materials (or coatings) and special lubrication. An ice layer vertical bond strength test device on a surface of a wet material and a test method thereof.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution, a test device for vertical bonding strength of a surface ice layer of a material, mainly comprising an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a fixed adjusting device, a positioning connecting device, a refrigeration unit, a tensile connecting device, a connecting device, a stretching device, an auxiliary backing ring, a conical cylinder, a sample cover plate, a sample fixing bolt and a support rod; wherein: the upper and lower cover plates of the testing device are connected and fixed by a fixing adjustment device, The lower cover plate fixes the refrigeration unit through the positioning connecting device, the cooling unit is provided with a sample to be tested; the tensile connecting device is connected with the connecting device, the connecting device is connected with the stretching device, and the stretching device is connected to the conical cylinder through the auxiliary backing ring The conical cylinder and the sample cover are connected, and the sample end of the sample cover is provided with a sample to be tested; the sample fixing bolt is fixedly connected to the sample cover through the upper cover, and the support rod supports the entire test device.

The method of the invention firstly prepares an ice layer of equal volume and the like contact area by using a conical cylinder in the measuring device, and then lifts the ice layer by lifting the conical cylinder by using a stretching device; and reading the maximum normal force during the stripping process The ratio of the value to the contact area of the ice layer and the sample characterizes the vertical bonding strength of the ice layer on the surface of the material. The method adopts an ice layer with an equal volume and the like contact area, and the surface temperature of the refrigeration unit is efficiently and controllable, so that the test repeatability can be ensured, and the operation is convenient, and the test rate is fast; a test method for the vertical joint strength of the ice layer on the surface of the material, It is characterized by the following steps:

(1) processing the sample to be tested to ensure surface parallelism;

(2) placing the processed sample to be tested on the refrigeration unit, and adding the sample cover sheet, and fixing it with the sample fixing bolt to ensure that the lower surface of the sample to be tested is in close contact with the refrigeration unit;

(3) Adjust the relative position between the stretching device and the conical cylinder, open the tensile testing machine, slowly raise the conical cylinder to a certain height, then clear the tensile test machine force value data, then lower, let the cone The shaped cylinder naturally falls on the surface of the sample to be tested;

(4) Turn on the refrigeration unit and start timing. After 10 seconds, inject a certain amount of water into the conical cylinder with a syringe. The water in the cone is completely frozen and forms an ice layer;

(5) After fixing for a period of time, open the tensile testing machine, lift the conical cylinder through the stretching device, peel off the formed ice layer and the sample to be tested, and display the maximum normal force and the conical circle through the dynamometer. The ratio of the area of the inner circle of the bottom surface of the cylinder characterizes the vertical bonding strength of the ice layer on the surface of the material.

The fixing period (5) of the present invention is a period of time in which the water in the conical cylinder forms an ice layer and a certain time point after the refrigeration unit reaches a predetermined cooling temperature is an end point.

The ice layer formed on the surface of the sample to be tested according to the present invention has a conical shape.

The lower cover of the present invention is connected to the tensile testing machine test platform by a support rod.

The stretching device of the present invention is attached to the tensile testing machine force sensor by a tensile connecting device.

According to the invention, the maximum normal force of the ice layer of the surface to be tested is lifted by the stretching device, and the maximum normal force of the surface layer of the sample to be tested can be read by the force sensor of the tensile testing machine.

The refrigeration unit of the invention precisely controls the refrigeration temperature of the upper surface of the cold unit through an automatic temperature controller, and the refrigeration temperature is adjustable between -30 ° C and 0 ° C.

In the (3) of the present invention, after the tapered cylinder is raised, the digital tension value is cleared, and the gravity of the tapered cylinder, the auxiliary backing ring, the stretching device, the connecting device and the tensile connecting device are excluded. influences.

In the (5) of the present invention, the area of the bottom surface of the conical cylinder is the inner circular area of the bottom surface of the conical cylinder.

The material used in the conical cylinder and the sample cover sheet of the device of the invention is PFTE, and has good heat preservation effect.

The conical cylinder of the device of the invention adopts a tapered design, and the inner wall surface of the low-end ice layer portion is changed in wettability and hydrophilicity by means of the microstructure control of the material surface.

According to the above technical solution of the present invention, the technology for the bonding strength of the ice layer on the surface of the existing material has the following differences: (1) the refrigeration unit of the experimental device is to be cooled by the test sample, and the temperature of the upper surface of the refrigeration unit is controlled, similar to the control of the ambient temperature. It emphasizes the inherent anti-icing properties of the sample to be tested, the test is more effective, true, and easy to scientific research, and the refrigeration efficiency is high and the test cycle is short. (2) The control of the upper surface temperature of the refrigeration unit adopts the dynamic balance heat preservation method, which avoids the melting of the ice layer caused by the separation from the refrigeration environment when the ice layer vertical joint strength test is performed, which has a great influence on the experimental results; (3) The conical cylinder and the fixed cover piece in the device are all made of PFTE material, which has good thermal insulation effect, and overcomes the disadvantage that the metal cylindrical ice used in the traditional cylindrical ice making is susceptible to environmental temperature. (4) The tapered cylinder adopts a tapered design, which can peel off the ice layer and the sample to be tested well, and the inner wall surface of the lower end ice layer portion of the tapered cylinder passes through the material. The surface microstructure control method changes its wettability, hydrophilicity, can test the surface of materials with different wettability surfaces, expands the test range, and the test results are more accurate. (5) The device uses a conical cylinder device to make an ice layer of equal volume and other contact areas, and the ratio of the maximum normal force in the peeling process to the inner circular area of the bottom surface of the conical cylinder is used to characterize the vertical bonding strength of the surface ice layer of the material. The error is small, the test data is reliable, and the repeatability is strong.

The invention has the advantages that the vertical layer bonding strength test can be applied to various materials, coatings and natural biological surfaces as well as the surface of special wettability samples, which provides simple materials, coating selection and surface modification techniques in engineering. Effective evaluation methods and means also provide a good means of characterization for scientific research.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a test apparatus of the present invention.

2 is a schematic view showing the vertical bond strength test of the surface ice layer of the sample of the present invention.

1, upper cover, 2, lower cover, 3, fixed adjustment device, 4, positioning connection device, 5, refrigeration unit, 6, tensile connection device, 7, connection device, 8, stretching device, 9, auxiliary Backing ring, 10, conical cylinder, 11, sample cover, 12, sample fixing bolt, 13, support rod, 14, sample to be tested, 15, ice layer.

detailed description

As shown in FIG. 1 , a test device for vertical bonding strength of a surface ice layer of a material mainly comprises an upper cover plate 1 , a lower cover plate 2 , a fixed adjusting device 3 , a positioning connecting device 4 , a refrigeration unit 5 , and a tensile connecting device 6 . , the connecting device 7, the stretching device 8, the auxiliary backing ring 9, the conical cylinder 10, the sample cover 11, the sample fixing bolt 12 and the support rod 13; characterized in that: the upper cover 1 of the test device The lower cover 2 is fixedly connected by the fixing adjustment device 3, and the lower cover 2 is fixed to the refrigeration unit 5 by the positioning connection device 4. The refrigeration unit 5 is provided with a sample 14 to be tested; the tensile connection device 6 and the connection device 7 are connected and connected. The device 7 is connected to the stretching device 8, the stretching device 8 is connected to the conical cylinder 10 through the auxiliary backing ring 9, the conical cylinder 10 and the sample cover 11 are connected, and the sample end of the sample cover 11 is provided with the sample to be tested 14; The sample fixing bolt 12 is fixedly connected to the sample cover 11 through the upper cover 1, and the support rod 13 supports the entire test device.

As shown in FIG. 2, a method for testing the vertical bonding strength of a surface ice layer of a material is characterized by the following steps:

(1) processing the sample to be tested 14 to ensure surface parallelism;

(2) placing the processed sample 14 to be tested on the refrigeration unit 5, and adding the sample cover sheet 11 for testing The fixing bolt 12 is fixed to ensure that the lower surface of the sample 14 to be tested is in close contact with the refrigeration unit 5;

(3) adjusting the relative position between the stretching device 8 and the conical cylinder 10, opening the tensile testing machine, slowly raising the conical cylinder 10 to a certain height, and then clearing the tensile test machine force value data, and then descending , let the conical cylinder 10 naturally fall on the surface of the sample 14 to be tested;

(4) The refrigeration unit 5 is turned on, and the timing is started. After 10 seconds, a certain amount of water is injected into the conical cylinder 10 by a syringe, and the water in the conical cylinder 10 is completely frozen to form an ice layer 15;

(5) After fixing for a period of time, the tensile testing machine is turned on, the conical cylinder 10 is lifted by the stretching device 8, and the formed ice layer 15 is peeled off from the sample 14 to be tested, and the maximum normal force is displayed by the dynamometer. The ratio of the area of the inner circle of the bottom surface of the conical cylinder 10 is indicative of the vertical bonding strength of the ice layer on the surface of the material;

(6) When changing materials, close the refrigeration unit, replace other parts to be tested, and repeat steps 1 to 5.

The material surface ice layer vertical bonding strength testing device and the testing method of the invention can be used not only for the vertical bonding strength of the surface ice layer of a plurality of materials to be tested, but also for performing various coatings and natural organisms as well as special wetting. The vertical bonding strength test of the ice layer on the surface of the material can be tested according to the above steps. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make other various forms of changes according to the disclosure and specific embodiments of the present disclosure, and all the embodiments cannot be enumerated in the disclosed patent specification, but it is obvious from the above. The changes are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

A test device for vertical bonding strength of ice surface of a material, mainly comprising an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate, a fixed adjusting device, a positioning connecting device, a refrigeration unit, a tensile connecting device, a connecting device, a stretching device, an auxiliary backing ring, a conical cylinder, a sample cover plate, a sample fixing bolt and a support rod; wherein: the upper and lower two cover plates of the test device are connected and fixed by a fixing adjustment device, and the lower cover plate fixes the refrigeration unit through the positioning connection device, The cooling unit is provided with a sample to be tested; the tensile connecting device is connected with the connecting device, the connecting device is connected with the stretching device, and the stretching device is connected to the conical cylinder through the auxiliary backing ring, and the conical cylinder and the sample cover are connected The sample end of the sample cover is provided with a sample to be tested; the sample fixing bolt is fixedly connected to the sample cover plate through the upper cover plate, and the support rod supports the entire test device.
A method for testing the vertical bond strength of a surface ice layer of a material according to claim 1, wherein the method steps are as follows:

(1) processing the sample to be tested to ensure surface parallelism;

(2) placing the processed sample to be tested on the refrigeration unit, and adding the sample cover sheet, and fixing it with the sample fixing bolt to ensure that the lower surface of the sample to be tested is in close contact with the refrigeration unit;

(3) Adjust the relative position between the stretching device and the conical cylinder, open the tensile testing machine, slowly raise the conical cylinder to a certain height, then clear the tensile test machine force value data, then lower, let the cone The shaped cylinder naturally falls on the surface of the sample to be tested;

(4) Turn on the refrigeration unit and start timing. After 10 seconds, inject a certain amount of water into the conical cylinder with a syringe, and the water in the conical cylinder is completely frozen to form an ice layer;

(5) After fixing for a period of time, open the tensile testing machine, lift the conical cylinder through the stretching device, peel off the formed ice layer and the sample to be tested, and display the maximum normal force and the conical circle through the dynamometer. The ratio of the area of the inner circle of the bottom surface of the cylinder characterizes the vertical bonding strength of the ice layer on the surface of the material.
The method for testing the vertical bonding strength of a surface ice layer of a material according to claim 2, wherein the refrigeration unit precisely controls the temperature of the upper surface of the refrigeration unit through a temperature controller, and the temperature adjustment range is -30 ° C to 0 ° C.
The method for testing the vertical bond strength of a surface ice layer of a material according to claim 2, wherein the fixed period of time (5) is that the water in the conical cylinder forms an ice layer and the refrigeration unit reaches a predetermined cooling temperature. The time period is the time period of the end point.
A method for testing the vertical bonding strength of a surface ice layer of a material according to claim 2, The ice layer formed on the surface of the test sample is conical.
The method for testing the vertical bonding strength of a surface ice layer of a material according to claim 1, wherein the lower cover is connected to the tensile testing machine test platform by a support rod.
The method for testing the vertical bonding strength of a surface ice layer of a material according to claim 1, wherein the stretching device is connected to the tensile testing machine force sensor by a tensile connecting device.
The method for testing the vertical bonding strength of a surface ice layer of a material according to claim 2, wherein the lifting of the conical cylinder by the stretching device and the maximum normal force of peeling off the surface ice layer of the sample to be tested are performed by a tensile testing machine. The force sensor reads.
The method for testing the vertical bond strength of a surface ice layer of a material according to claim 2, wherein the tapered cylinder and the sample cover sheet are made of a PFTE material.
The method for testing the vertical bond strength of a surface ice layer of a material according to claim 1, wherein the tapered cylinder has a tapered design.