CN112014234A - Device for measuring normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of material surface - Google Patents
Device for measuring normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of material surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN112014234A CN112014234A CN202010873720.4A CN202010873720A CN112014234A CN 112014234 A CN112014234 A CN 112014234A CN 202010873720 A CN202010873720 A CN 202010873720A CN 112014234 A CN112014234 A CN 112014234A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for measuring normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of a material surface, which comprises a fixing device, a movable device and a testing device.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of ice adhesion strength measurement, in particular to a device for measuring normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of a material surface.
Background
In a low-temperature environment, due to the existence of water in the air, the surface of the material can generate a phenomenon of freezing and sticking of an ice layer and a frost layer, the surface of an outdoor electric facility is frozen and frosted in winter, the power transmission can be seriously damaged, the mechanical property of the building material can be influenced by the phenomena of ice accumulation and frost on the surface of the building facility, and the aerodynamic property of the airplane can be greatly influenced by the phenomenon of freezing and sticking of the ice layer on the surface of the wing of the airplane in a high-altitude environment, so that the flight safety is influenced. Because of the ubiquitous phenomenon of ice adhesion, in consideration of the influence of ice adhesion on the production life, researches on how to avoid ice adhesion on the surface of a material and how to deice the surface of the material are carried out in a large quantity, and at present, researches on the problem of ice adhesion on the surface of the material are mainly carried out on the technical researches on deicing of the surface of the material mechanically, coating an anti-freezing solution on the surface of the material, improving the surface property of the material and the like. And evaluating the ice adhesion strength and ice adhesion characteristics of different material types and different material surface characteristics (smooth, rough, regular and unsmooth) is the basis of researching ice prevention and removal technologies.
At present, the research on the ice adhesion strength of materials at home and abroad comprises American cold low-zone research and engineering laboratories based on ASTM D3528-96(2002) test standards, and a double-layer lap shear stress test scheme is designed for measuring the shear strength between ice-free matrixes; the domestic patent 'a method and a device for testing the normal force of the ice adhesion strength of the surface of a material' CN 1022628789A tests the normal surface adhesion strength of the surface of the material by dragging and stripping an adhesion probe and an icing area on the surface of the material; "a method and apparatus for testing ice adhesion strength" CN 102269691B measures the tangential adhesion strength of frozen water drops and the surface of material by means of a sliding knife; "material surface and icing layer adhesion strength torsional shear force measuring device" CN 109883948A measures the adhesion strength torsional shear strength of the ice layer and the material surface by using a torque axis; the CN 204389366U is used for measuring normal and tangential adhesive forces of a water injection cylindrical barrel and the surface of a material after being frozen to calculate the ice adhesion strength of the surface of the material; CN 101482489B utilizes a conical cavity and a plugged squeeze and stretch to test the adhesion of the surface of the test piece to the ice.
Summarizing the above test method and apparatus for measuring ice adhesion strength, there are main problems: (1) the icing area cannot be accurately controlled, and the ice adhesion area with the surface of the material is too small, so that the ice adhesion strength on the surface of the material cannot be accurately reflected; (2) the measurement quality of the material adhesion strength is influenced by the problem that the direct stretching of ice causes internal damage due to too little ice in the test device, and the repeated test times are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the experimental device for measuring the ice adhesion strength on the surface of the material, which is convenient to operate, long in service time, high in precision and suitable for the ice adhesion strength test on the surfaces of various materials.
The device for measuring the adhesion strength of the normal direction and the tangential ice on the surface of the material comprises a fixing device, a movable device and a testing device, wherein the fixing device comprises a base, a supporting plate, a bracket, a sliding block and a sliding rail; the movable device comprises a fixed structure, a fixed plate and a screw rod; the testing device comprises normal testing equipment, tangential testing equipment, a nylon rope I, a connecting piece I, a cylindrical cup, a nylon rope II and a connecting piece II; the support plate is vertically arranged on the left side of the base, two first through holes are formed in the support plate, a molding groove is formed in the right side of the base, the movable device is arranged in the molding groove, the plate-shaped material is fixedly arranged in the fixed structure, two second through holes are formed in the left side wall of the T-shaped groove, the first through holes and the second through holes are correspondingly arranged, a sliding rail is arranged between the correspondingly arranged first through holes and the correspondingly arranged second through holes, an installation hole is formed in the middle of the two first through holes, the sliding rail is provided with the sliding block in a sliding mode, one end of the guide rod extends through the installation hole, the other end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with the sliding block, and the tangential testing equipment is fixed to the; the upper portion of the right side of the base is provided with an inverted U-shaped support, the support comprises two longitudinal support plates and a transverse support plate, the two longitudinal support plates are vertically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the base, the transverse support plates are arranged on the upper portions of the two longitudinal support plates, the middle position of the upper surface of the plate-shaped material is reversely buckled to the cylindrical cup after the cup mouth of the cylindrical cup is coated with anti-freezing liquid, the normal direction testing equipment is hung above the central position of the cup bottom of the cylindrical cup just above the central position of the cup bottom through a hanging column, the hanging column is fixed to the lower portion of the central position of the transverse support plates, a first nylon rope is arranged in the bottom end of the normal direction testing.
Further, the fixing structure is provided with a T-shaped structure matched with the T-shaped groove, a space for accommodating a plate-shaped material is formed in the upper portion of the fixing structure, fixing plates are placed on the upper portions of the front side and the rear side of the plate-shaped material, two threaded holes are formed in each fixing plate, a screw is installed in each threaded hole, and after the screw penetrates through the threaded holes, the screw tightly pushes the upper surface of the plate-shaped material to fix the plate-shaped material.
Further, after said fixing of the plate-like material into said fixing structure, said movable means is extracted from the right side of said T-shaped groove of said base.
Furthermore, the bottom of the cylindrical cup is provided with a water injection hole for injecting water into the cylindrical cup.
Further, before the tangential ice adhesion test is carried out, the nylon rope II is connected with the connecting piece II on the side part of the cylindrical cup.
Further, before the ice adhesion test is carried out, the nylon rope I is connected with the connecting piece I at the bottom of the cylindrical cup.
And further, after the nylon rope I is connected with the connecting piece I at the bottom of the cylindrical cup, a normal test device is used for carrying out a tensile test, and the normal force value required by the ice adhesion material debonding is obtained by subtracting the weight of the cup from the debonding tensile force value at the cup opening.
Further, after the nylon rope II is connected with the connecting piece II on the side part of the cylindrical cup, a tangential tensile test is carried out by using the tangential test equipment, and the obtained cup mouth debonding tensile value minus the weight of the cup is the tangential force value required by the debonding of the ice adhesion material.
Furthermore, the cylindrical cup is made of hydrophilic materials, and thread grains are arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical cup.
The step of measuring normal and tangential ice adhesion strengths of a surface of a material includes the following: firstly, putting a plate-shaped material into a fixing structure, then placing a fixing plate on the upper parts of the front side and the rear side of the plate-shaped material, and tightly jacking the upper surface of the plate-shaped material after a screw rod penetrates through a threaded hole in the fixing plate so as to fix the plate-shaped material; then the movable device fixed with the plate-shaped material is drawn out from the right side of the T-shaped groove and placed in a low-temperature environment box, water is injected into the cylindrical cup from a water injection hole at the bottom of the cylindrical cup after a certain amount of water is weighed, the movable device is taken out after the water in the cylindrical cup is condensed into ice, and the movable device is placed in the T-shaped groove of the base again; measuring normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of the surface of the material, namely connecting a nylon rope with a first connecting piece connected with the bottom of a cylindrical cup during ice adhesion force test, and quickly performing tensile test by using normal test equipment after connection is finished, wherein the normal force value required during ice adhesion material debonding is obtained by subtracting the weight of the cup from the debonding tensile value of the cup mouth; and (3) connecting a second connecting piece at the side part of the cylindrical cup by using a second nylon rope during tangential ice adhesion force test, and quickly performing tangential tensile test after connection is finished, wherein the tangential force value required by ice adhesion material debonding is obtained by subtracting the weight of the cup from the debonding tensile force value at the cup opening.
The method can accurately and conveniently measure the normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of the material surface, and is suitable for measuring the ice adhesion strength of the material surfaces of different materials and different roughness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front upper right oblique view of the apparatus;
FIG. 2 is an oblique front and upper left view of the apparatus;
the device comprises a base 1, a support plate 2, a support 3, a sliding block 4, normal test equipment 5, a nylon rope I6, a connecting piece I7, a water injection hole 8, a cylindrical cup 9, a nylon rope II 10, a connecting piece II 11, a screw rod 12 and a movable device 13, wherein the base is arranged on the base, the support plate 2 is arranged on the support 3, the sliding block 4 is arranged on the support, the normal test equipment 5 is arranged on the support, the nylon rope I; 14 is tangential testing equipment, 15 is a slide rail, and 16 is a fixing plate.
Detailed Description
In order to better explain the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the present invention provides a device for measuring the adhesion strength between the normal direction and the tangential direction of the surface of a material, which comprises a fixing device, a movable device and a testing device, wherein the fixing device comprises a base 1, a supporting plate 2, a bracket 3, a sliding block 4 and a sliding rail; the movable device comprises a fixed structure 13, a fixed plate 16 and a screw 12; the testing device comprises normal testing equipment 5, tangential testing equipment 14, a nylon rope I6, a connecting piece I7, a cylindrical cup 9, a nylon rope II 10 and a connecting piece II 11; the supporting plate 2 is vertically arranged on the left side of the base 1, two first through holes are formed in the supporting plate 2, a T-shaped groove is formed in the right side of the base 1, the movable device is arranged in the T-shaped groove, the plate-shaped material is fixedly arranged in the fixed structure 13, two second through holes are formed in the left side wall of the T-shaped groove, the first through holes and the second through holes are correspondingly arranged, a sliding rail is arranged between the correspondingly arranged first through holes and the correspondingly arranged second through holes, a mounting hole is formed in the middle of the two first through holes, the sliding rail 15 is provided with the sliding block 4 in a sliding manner, one end of a guide rod extends through the mounting hole, the other end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with the sliding block 4, and the tangential testing equipment 14 is fixed at the upper; the upper portion of the right side of the base 1 is provided with an inverted U-shaped support 3, the support 3 comprises two longitudinal support plates vertically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the base 1 and a transverse support plate arranged on the upper portions of the two longitudinal support plates, the cup mouth of the cylindrical cup 9 is coated with anti-freezing liquid, the cylindrical cup 9 is reversely buckled to the middle position of the upper surface of the plate-shaped material, the normal direction testing equipment 5 is hung over the central position of the cup bottom of the cylindrical cup 9 through a hanging column, the hanging column is fixed to the lower portion of the central position of the transverse support plate, the first nylon rope 6 is arranged in the bottom end of the normal direction testing equipment 5, and the second nylon rope 10 is arranged in the right end of the tangential direction testing equipment 14.
Further, the fixing structure 13 has a T-shaped structure adapted to the T-shaped groove, a space for accommodating a plate-shaped material is formed at an upper portion of the fixing structure 13, the fixing plates 16 are placed at upper portions of front and rear sides of the plate-shaped material, two threaded holes are formed in each fixing plate 16, a screw 12 is installed in each threaded hole, and after the screw 12 passes through the threaded holes, the screw abuts against an upper surface of the plate-shaped material to fix the plate-shaped material.
Further, after said fixing of the plate-like material into said fixed structure 13, said movable means are extracted from the right side of said T-shaped groove of said base 1.
Further, a water injection hole 8 is formed in the bottom of the cylindrical cup 9 and used for injecting water into the cylindrical cup 9.
Further, before the tangential ice adhesion test, the second nylon rope 10 is connected with the second connecting piece 11 at the side of the cylindrical cup 9.
Further, before the ice adhesion test is carried out, the nylon rope I6 is connected with the connecting piece I7 at the bottom of the cylindrical cup 9.
Further, after the nylon rope I6 is connected with the connecting piece I7 at the bottom of the cylindrical cup 9, a tensile test is carried out by using normal test equipment 5, and the obtained cup opening debonding tensile value minus the weight of the cup is the normal force value required by the debonding of the ice adhesion material.
Further, after the second nylon rope 10 is connected with the second connecting piece 11 on the side of the cylindrical cup 9, a tangential tensile test is carried out by using the tangential test equipment 14, and the obtained cup mouth debonding tensile value minus the weight of the cup is the tangential force value required by the debonding of the ice adhesion material.
Furthermore, the cylindrical cup 9 is made of hydrophilic materials, and thread grains are arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical cup 9.
The step of measuring normal and tangential ice adhesion strengths of a surface of a material includes the following: firstly, putting a plate-shaped material into a fixing structure 13, then placing a fixing plate 16 at the upper parts of the front side and the rear side of the plate-shaped material, and tightly jacking the upper surface of the plate-shaped material after a screw 12 passes through a threaded hole on the fixing plate 16 so as to fix the plate-shaped material; then the movable device fixed with the plate-shaped material is drawn out from the right side of the T-shaped groove and placed in a low-temperature environment box, water is injected into the cylindrical cup 9 from a water injection hole at the bottom of the cylindrical cup 9 after a certain amount of water is weighed, the movable device is taken out after the water in the cylindrical cup 9 is condensed into ice, and the movable device is placed in the T-shaped groove of the base 1 again; the normal direction and tangential ice adhesion strength of the surface of the material are measured, a nylon rope I6 is connected with a connecting piece I7 at the bottom of a cylindrical cup 9 during ice adhesion force test, after the connection is finished, a normal direction test device 5 is used for carrying out tensile test quickly, and the obtained cup mouth debonding tensile value minus the weight of the cup is the normal direction force value required by the ice adhesion material debonding; and (3) connecting a nylon rope II 10 with a connecting piece II 11 at the side part of the cylindrical cup 9 during tangential ice adhesion force test, and quickly performing tangential tensile test after connection is finished, wherein the tangential force value required by ice adhesion material debonding is obtained by subtracting the self weight of the cup from the debonding tensile value of the cup opening.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modifications apparent to those skilled in the art from the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, which are equivalent to the above description, and the various technical solutions of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A device for measuring the adhesion strength of the normal direction and the tangential ice on the surface of a material comprises a fixing device, a movable device and a testing device, wherein the fixing device comprises a base (1), a supporting plate (2), a bracket (3), a sliding block (4) and a sliding rail (15); the movable device comprises a fixed structure (13), a fixed plate (16) and a screw rod (12); the testing device comprises normal testing equipment (5), tangential testing equipment (14), a nylon rope I (6), a connecting piece I (7), a cylindrical cup (9), a nylon rope II (10) and a connecting piece II (11); the device comprises a base (1), a supporting plate (2), a movable device, a fixing structure (13), a plate-shaped material, a sliding rail (15), a tangential testing device (14), a tangential testing device (2), a sliding block (4), a guide rod and a tangential testing device (14), wherein the supporting plate (2) is vertically arranged on the left side of the base (1), two first through holes are formed in the supporting plate (2), a T-shaped groove is formed in the right side of the base (1), the movable device is arranged in the T-shaped groove, the plate-shaped material is fixedly arranged in the fixing structure (13), two second through holes are formed in the left side wall of the T-shaped groove, the first through holes and the second through holes are correspondingly arranged, the sliding rail (15) is arranged between the correspondingly arranged first through holes and the second through holes, a mounting hole is formed in; the anti-freezing device is characterized in that an inverted U-shaped support (3) is arranged on the upper portion of the right side of the base (1), the support (3) comprises two longitudinal support plates and transverse support plates, the two longitudinal support plates are vertically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the base (1), the transverse support plates are arranged on the upper portions of the two longitudinal support plates, the cylindrical cup (9) is inversely buckled to the middle position of the upper surface of a plate-shaped material after an anti-freezing solution is coated on the cup mouth of the cylindrical cup (9), the normal direction testing equipment (5) is hung above the central position of the cup bottom of the cylindrical cup (9) through a hanging column, the hanging column is fixed to the lower portion of the central position of the transverse support plates, a first nylon rope (6) is arranged in the bottom end of the normal direction testing equipment (5), and a second nylon rope.
2. The apparatus for measuring surface normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of a material according to claim 1, wherein: the fixing structure (13) is provided with a T-shaped structure matched with the T-shaped groove, a space for containing a plate-shaped material is formed in the upper portion of the fixing structure (13), the fixing plates (16) are placed on the upper portions of the front side and the rear side of the plate-shaped material, each fixing plate (16) is provided with two threaded holes, a screw rod (12) is installed in each threaded hole, and the screw rods (12) tightly push the upper surface of the plate-shaped material after penetrating through the threaded holes so as to fix the plate-shaped material.
3. The apparatus for measuring surface normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of a material according to claim 2, wherein: -extracting the movable device from the right side of the T-shaped groove of the base (1) after said fixing of the plate-like material in the fixing structure (13).
4. The apparatus for measuring surface normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of a material according to claim 3, wherein: the bottom of the cylindrical cup (9) is provided with a water injection hole (8) for injecting water into the cylindrical cup (9).
5. The apparatus for measuring surface normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of a material according to claim 4, wherein: and before the tangential ice adhesion test, connecting the second nylon rope (10) with a second connecting piece (11) at the side part of the cylindrical cup (9).
6. The apparatus for measuring surface normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of a material according to claim 5, wherein: before the ice adhesion test is carried out, the nylon rope I (6) is connected with the connecting piece I (7) at the bottom of the cylindrical cup (9).
7. The apparatus for measuring surface normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of a material according to claim 6, wherein: and (3) connecting the nylon rope I6 with the connecting piece I (7) at the bottom of the cylindrical cup (9), and then carrying out tensile test by using normal test equipment (5), wherein the obtained debonding tensile value of the cup mouth minus the weight of the cup is the normal force value required by debonding of the ice adhesion material.
8. The apparatus for measuring surface normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of a material of claim 7, wherein: and after the nylon rope II (10) is connected with the connecting piece II (11) on the side part of the cylindrical cup (9), performing tangential tensile test by using the tangential test equipment (14), and subtracting the weight of the cup from the obtained cup opening debonding tensile value to obtain a tangential force value required by debonding of the ice adhesion material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010873720.4A CN112014234B (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Device for measuring normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of material surface |
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| CN202010873720.4A CN112014234B (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Device for measuring normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of material surface |
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| CN112014234B CN112014234B (en) | 2022-06-28 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113848129A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-12-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Ice accretion shear peel strength testing device |
| CN114112900A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-01 | 湖北理工学院 | Icing force test system for anti-icing material |
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