CN102980848A - Electronic tooth type rapid measuring method of frozen grain moisture - Google Patents
Electronic tooth type rapid measuring method of frozen grain moisture Download PDFInfo
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- CN102980848A CN102980848A CN201210466798XA CN201210466798A CN102980848A CN 102980848 A CN102980848 A CN 102980848A CN 201210466798X A CN201210466798X A CN 201210466798XA CN 201210466798 A CN201210466798 A CN 201210466798A CN 102980848 A CN102980848 A CN 102980848A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electronic tooth type rapid measuring method of frozen grain moisture. When the domestic grain is purchased, the phenomenon that testing personnel judge the moisture of grain by touching and biting, and depending on experience, and the testing result is not reliable enough and the quality of the grain cannot be judged accurately is avoided. According to the electronic tooth type rapid measuring method of the frozen grain moisture, a clamping type mechanical structure is adopted to imitate the clenching and chewing process of teeth inside a biological oral cavity, and the moisture content of the frozen grain is measured through the relationship between grain hardness and the moisture content under frozen state. By the adoption of the clamping structure and imitating the oral cavity to clench and chew, manual operation and force application are achieved. Further, the electronic tooth type rapid measuring method of the frozen grain moisture has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to use, light in quality, small in size and convenient to carry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measuring grain moisture content, be specifically related to the freezing grain moisture content method for fast measuring of a kind of electronics dentition formula.
Background technology
Measuring grain moisture content and China's 700,000,000 peasant benefits are closely related, also concerning the grain security of China.Moisture is one of important indicator of estimating grain quality.Grain measurement of moisture content is all significant for purchase by the state, processing, storage, the transportation of grain.Adopt correct moisture detecting method, making accurately to grain moisture content, tolerance is very necessary.In China, the water content detection technology is still perfect not, and particularly still there is larger problem in the measurement for freezing grain with detection.During present domestic grain purchases, still exist the testing staff to touch tooth with hand and sting, judge by rule of thumb the phenomenon of the moisture of grain, measurement result is reliable not, and grain quality can't accurately be judged.This is so that the difficult quality guarantee of the grain of government purchase, and country and peasant's interests are not safeguarded jointly.
The measuring grain moisture content field is used more method and is mainly contained classic method (oven drying method), microwave measuring method, capacitance method, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement method.Wherein, classic method (oven drying method) is long measuring period, is difficult to satisfy modern production to the requirement of speed and serialization; Microwave measuring method is measured structure and is subjected to the factor affecting such as temperature, and the result is not accurate enough; The capacitance measurement result is subjected to the factor affecting such as material shapes, density, and the instrument price is high; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurement method instrument is expensive, and upkeep cost is large.
China grain producing region mainly concentrates on northeast, North China, southwest, northwest, and wherein the Liao Dynasty, Ji in the north, black, Inner Mongol, Shanxi, Ji, Shandong, 8 provinces and regions, Henan have produced the cereal crops of the whole nation more than 70%.State Statistics Bureau calculates have approximately 70% to concentrate on the northern each province that grain detection in winter can be subject to low temperature effect in the middle of China's 7.37 hundred million people in the countryside according to national 1% Sample Survey data in 2009.The weather is cold and the ground is frozen owing to north of china in winter, and free water is frozen in the grain, and grain grain surface forms white film, and cereal specific inductive capacity and conductance occur significantly to change, and all lose efficacy in the widely used measuring method in grain measurement of moisture content field now thereupon.
The problem of low temperature environment grain moisture content fast detecting aspect obtains people and more and more payes attention to, and the major issue that the Quick Measurement of grain moisture content needs to be resolved hurrily especially under the freezing state.Must find as early as possible a kind of more accurate, quick, easy and detection method of meeting the determination of moisture actual conditions to satisfy daily examination requirements, safeguard trade both sides' legal power, simultaneously, the research and development of pertinent instruments are also very urgent.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome surveying instrument commonly used to measure the problem that grain moisture content lost efficacy under freezing state, has proposed the method for grain moisture content under a kind of novel Quick Measurement freezing state: the freezing state cereal water content that obtains according to experiment measuring and the funtcional relationship of its hardness are measured water percentage.
The present invention is the freezing state cereal water content that obtains according to experiment measuring and the funtcional relationship of its hardness, and closing such as the hardness of soya bean and water percentage is that (y is water percentage to y=-0.2834Ln (x)+1.5018; X is hardness), the research approach that proposes " electronic dental " detects the water cut of grain under the freezing state.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention is taked is:
The present invention adopts jaw type physical construction to simulate the interlock process of biological oral cavity inner teeth gear, by the relation between freezing state grain hardness and the water percentage, measures freezing Measurement for Grain Moisture Content, specifically:
Step (1) is foil gauge, lower foil gauge on strain beam is pasted, and links to each other with display circuit with electric bridge amplifying circuit, single-chip microcomputer again, forms sensing system.
Step (2) places the groove of electronic dental lower port with freezing grain to be measured, regulates the grain position to the groove center, and when guaranteeing the external force interlock, the stylus tip of electronic dental upper port faces tested grain center.
After step (3) is adjusted the position of tested grain, apply snap-in force to electronic dental, accurately measure hardness in the crushing grain process by being installed in the upper foil gauge on the strain beam, lower foil gauge, and by the corresponding relation between freezing grain moisture content and the hardness, after utilizing electric bridge amplifying circuit, single-chip microcomputer and display circuit, finally show the water cut of tested grain.
Described strain Liangqi design process can be derived by following steps: in power
Effect under, flexible member occurs bending and deformation, suffered moment of flexure is
, wherein
Be the distance between flexible member stress point and the foil gauge; The computing formula of normal stress is on the xsect
, wherein
For any stress point to the distance between the neutral axis; For the square-section, position of neutral axis is on geometric center lines, and the moment of inertia of square-section is
, wherein
,
Respectively length and the thickness of strain beam; Again in conjunction with Hooke's law
Can get
, wherein
Be elastic modulus.
In the described jaw type physical construction,
, wherein
Be the distance of snap-in force application point to fulcrum,
Be the distance of grip application point to fulcrum.
The chaining pin of described electronic dental upper port is for highly to be
, cone angle is
Circular cone, and
,
The chaining pin of described electronic dental upper port is for highly to be
Pyramid, and
,
The groove of described electronic dental lower port is V-shaped groove, and flute length is
, groove width
, groove depth
, bottom width
, angle
, and
,
,
,
,
The groove of described electronic dental lower port is the elliposoidal groove, and flute length is
, groove width
, groove depth
, and
,
,
The groove of described electronic dental lower port is square groove, and flute length is
, groove width
, groove depth
, and
,
,
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention proposes the method for grain moisture content under a kind of novel measurement freezing state: the funtcional relationship according to freezing state cereal water content and its hardness is measured water percentage.
The present invention is applicable to the moisture measurement problem of grain, is specially adapted to the Quick Measurement of grain moisture content under low temperature, the freezing state.
Mechanical part of the present invention adopts clamp type structure, and the Mouthsimulator interlock realizes the manually application of force, and is simple in structure easy to use and the light volume of quality is little, is convenient for carrying.
Sensor sensing element of the present invention adopts strain beam.What conversion element used is foil gage, and measuring accuracy is high.What change-over circuit used is the differential electrical bridge circuit, and characteristics are that it need not to use extra temperature compensation sheet.
The present invention can directly show water percentage, and measurement result is short and sweet, clear readability.
The present invention can measure the water percentage of variety classes grain, such as corn, and soybean, wheat, paddy rice.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of electronic dental device;
Fig. 2 is that the axle that waits of electronic dental device is surveyed view;
Fig. 3 is the program download interface;
Fig. 4 is the electric bridge signal amplification circuit;
Fig. 5 is single chip circuit, key circuit and display circuit;
Fig. 6 is the graph of a relation of hardness and water percentage under the soybean freezing state that obtains of experiment measuring;
1. strain beams among Fig. 1 are 2. gone up foil gauge, 3. descend foil gauge 4. chaining pins, 5. groove, 6. handle.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the end at clamp type structure is provided with a strain beam 1.Be provided with foil gauge 2,3 and be connected with the differential bridge of signal processing circuit on the strain beam 1, upper foil gauge 2 is used for catching the power that grain is subject to lower foil gauge 3 in the process of crushing, the variation of force value is reflected as the deformation of foil gauge, and foil gauge can convert the pressure that is subject to the variation of resistance.Be provided with the chaining pin 4 of certain taper in the upper end of the clamp type structure other end, chaining pin 4 is used for the grain under the freezing state is crushed.Be provided with the groove 5 of certain angle in the lower end of the clamp type structure other end, the both sides of groove 5 are provided with decorative pattern, are used for fixing the grain that will crush.Can make bearing movable when the handle 6 at clamp type structure is subject to a pressure because the motion of bearing is so that up and down two end in contact of physical construction, namely chaining pin 4 be placed on grain on the groove 5 power of having an effect.This power is so that chaining pin 4 is pressed into grain inside.Because the existence of acting force and reacting force, chaining pin 4 also can be subject to the power of formed objects.This power can make strain beam 1 that deformation occurs.Foil gauge will be sensed this deformation and this power be converted to the variation of self-resistance resistance.Upper foil gauge 2 meeting under tensions are so that resistance increases.Lower foil gauge 3 can be under pressure, so that resistance reduces.Upper foil gauge 2 and lower foil gauge 3 are linked in the differential electrical bridge circuit and can convert the variation of resistance to Voltage-output.In described jaw type physical construction,
, wherein
Be the distance of snap-in force application point to fulcrum,
Be the distance of grip application point to fulcrum
As shown in Figure 3, signal processing circuit comprises download interface, described download interface is selected jtag interface, 1 pin of jtag interface is connected with 54 pin of the second chip U2,3 pin of jtag interface are connected with 55 pin of the second chip U2,5 pin of jtag interface are connected with 56 pin of the second chip U2, and 7 pin of jtag interface are connected with 57 pin of the second chip U2; 2 pin of jtag interface connect+the 3.3V power supply, 9 pin ground connection of jtag interface, and 4 pin of jtag interface, 6 pin, 8 pin, 10 pin, 12 pin, 14 pin are all unsettled.
Signal processing circuit also comprises electric bridge signal amplification circuit, single chip circuit, key circuit and display circuit; The output terminal of foil gauge is connected with the input end signal of electric bridge signal amplification circuit, and the output terminal of electric bridge signal amplification circuit is connected with the input end signal of single-chip microcomputer, and key circuit and display circuit all are connected with the single-chip microcomputer signal;
As shown in Figure 4, the electric bridge signal amplification circuit comprises the first chip U1, the first resistance R 1, the second resistance R 2, the 3rd resistance R 3, the 4th resistance R 4, the 5th resistance R 5, the 6th resistance R 6, variable resistor R7 and the first capacitor C 7; The second resistance R 2 is selected a slice foil gauge, and the 4th resistance R 4 is selected another sheet foil gauge.
One termination 3.3V of one end of the first resistance R 1, the second resistance R 2; One end of the other end of the second resistance R 2, the 3rd resistance R 3 is connected with an end of the 5th resistance R 5, and an end of the other end of the 5th resistance R 5, the first capacitor C 7 is connected the other end ground connection of the first capacitor C 7 with 3 pin of the first chip U1.
One end ground connection of one end of the other end of the first resistance R 1, the 4th resistance R 4, the 6th resistance R 6, the other end of the 6th resistance R 6 is connected with 2 pin of the first chip U1.
The other end ground connection of the other end of the 3rd resistance R 3, the 4th resistance R 4.
2 pin of a termination the first chip U1 of variable resistor R7, the other end is connected with 6 pin of the first chip U1, as the output terminal of electric bridge signal amplification circuit; 4 pin of the first chip U1 connect-15V, and 7 pin connect+15V, and other pin is unsettled, and described the first chip U1 model is OP07.
As shown in Figure 5, single chip circuit comprises the second chip U2, the 3rd capacitor C 3, the 5th capacitor C 5, the first diode D1, the 8th resistance R 8, the 4th capacitor C 4, the first capacitor C 1, the second capacitor C 2, the second crystal oscillator CRYSTAL2, the first crystal oscillator CRYSTAL1 and the 6th capacitor C 6.
One end ground connection of one end of the 3rd capacitor C 3 and the 5th capacitor C 5; 64 pin of one end of the negative pole of the other end of the other end of the 3rd capacitor C 3, the 5th capacitor C 5, the first diode D1, the 8th resistance R 8, the second chip U2 are connected with+3.3V power supply; One end of 58 pin of the other end of the positive pole of the first diode D1, the 8th resistance R 8, the second chip U2, the 4th capacitor C 4 is connected with 11 pin of the 3rd chip U3; The other end ground connection of the 4th capacitor C 4; The 62 pin ground connection of 63 pin of the second chip U2, the second chip U2.
One end ground connection of one end of the first capacitor C 1 and the second capacitor C 2; The end of the other end of the first capacitor C 1, the second crystal oscillator CRYSTAL2 is connected with 53 pin of the second chip U2; The other end of the other end of the second capacitor C 2, the second crystal oscillator CRYSTAL2 is connected with 52 pin of the second chip U2; The end of the first crystal oscillator CRYSTAL1 is connected with 8 pin of the second chip U2; The other end of the first crystal oscillator CRYSTAL1 is connected with 9 pin of the second chip U2.
1 pin of one end of the 6th capacitor C 6, the second chip U2 connects+the 3.3V power supply; The other end ground connection of the 6th capacitor C 6; 59 pin of the second chip U2 are connected with 6 pin of the first chip U1, and described the second chip U2 model is MSP430F149.
Key circuit comprises the first button S1, the second button S2, the 3rd button S3, the 4th button S4; The end of the first button S1 is connected with 12 pin of the second chip U2; The end of the second button S2 is connected with 13 pin of the second chip U2; The end of the 3rd button S3 is connected with 14 pin of the second chip U2; The end of the 4th button S4 is connected with 15 pin of the second chip U2; The other end ground connection of the other end of the other end of the other end of the first button S1, the second button S2, the 3rd button S3, the 4th button S4.
Described display circuit comprises four-core sheet U4, the 9th variable resistor R9; The 16 pin ground connection of four-core sheet U4; 15 pin of four-core sheet U4,2 pin of four-core sheet U4 connect+3.3V; 14 pin of four-core sheet U4 are connected with 43 pin of the second chip U2; 13 pin of four-core sheet U4 are connected with 42 pin of the second chip U2; 12 pin of four-core sheet U4 are connected with 41 pin of the second chip U2; 11 pin of four-core sheet U4 are connected with 40 pin of the second chip U2; 10 pin of four-core sheet U4 are connected with 39 pin of the second chip U2; 9 pin of four-core sheet U4 are connected with 38 pin of the second chip U2; 8 pin of four-core sheet U4 are connected with 37 pin of the second chip U2; 7 pin of four-core sheet U4 are connected with 36 pin of the second chip U2; 6 pin of four-core sheet U4 are connected with 35 pin of the second chip U2; 5 pin of four-core sheet U4 are connected with 34 pin of the second chip U2; 4 pin of four-core sheet U4 are connected with 33 pin of the second chip U2; 3 pin of four-core sheet U4 are connected with the 9th a variable-resistance end, the adjustable end of the 9th variable-resistance resistance, the other end ground connection of the 9th resistance, and the model of described four-core sheet U4 is LCD1602.
As shown in Figure 6, be the graph of a relation of hardness and water percentage under the soybean freezing state, the ultimate principle of this method is to measure grain moisture content according to the relation of the hardness of grain under the freezing state and water percentage.Need to carry out the experiment of freezing grain hardness and water percentage, experimental subjects is selected soybean for this reason.The first step has been bought some soybean row filter of going forward side by side from the market, it is immersed in respectively in the water 0,1,1.5,2,3,3.5,4,4.5,5,6 hour again; Second step is placed on temperature with these 10 groups of soybean and is in-1.5 ℃ the refrigerator freezing 24 hours; In the 3rd step, take out soybean and measure the hardness of every soybean with sclerometer.In the 4th step, the quality of soybean after the hardness has been surveyed in every group of weighing, and is placed in the baking oven oven dry 12 hours, its quality of weighing after constant weight, experimental result as shown in Figure 6, the hardness of other grain and the relation of water percentage be similar mensuration also, thereby set up database.
The present invention adopts clamp type structure aspect Machine Design, the Mouthsimulator interlock realizes the manually application of force, and is simple in structure easy to use and the light volume of quality is little, is convenient for carrying.Be provided with the draw point with grain crushing under the freezing state in upper end, the interlock position of clamp type structure, the lower end is provided with the groove that is used for fixing the grain of will crushing, and is cantilever beam structure between on the hinged place of clamp type structure and bite; The up and down both sides of semi-girder respectively are equipped with a slice foil gage; Described foil gage is used for catching the force value that grain is subject in the process of crushing, and the variation of force value is reflected as the deformation of foil gauge, and foil gage can convert the pressure that is subject to the variation of foil gauge resistance.
The present invention selects foil gage in the strain-ga(u)ge transducer of Machine Design.Foil gage have radiating condition good, allow that electric current is large, transversal effect is little, fatigue lifetime is long, production run is simple, be suitable for the advantage such as batch production.Because foil gage has these advantages, selected foil gage.The power that grain is subject in the crushing process under the freezing state can be semi-girder generation deformation, and described foil gage can be experienced the deformation of semi-girder generation and convert it the change of resistance to.
The present invention at first adopts the differential electrical bridge circuit to convert the variation of described foil gage resistance to Voltage-output in the signal of signal processing circuit is processed.Adopting the differential electrical bridge circuit is because it has temperature compensation function, need not other jointing temp compensating plate.Secondly because the signal amplitude of difference electric bridge output is too little, need to continue to amplify.The chip that amplifying circuit adopts is OP07, and it is Low-offset voltage two-way operational amplifier, has the low and high characteristics of open-loop gain of input bias current.Last because differential electrical bridge circuit output be simulating signal, and single-chip microcomputer can only processing digital signal, so the signal after amplifying need to be carried out the AD conversion.The single-chip microcomputer that adopts in the present invention is MSP430F149, finishes with it the AD conversion of electric bridge amplifying circuit output signal is processed and demonstration with data.
In the key circuit of signal processing circuit, select different grain kinds according to button, comprise corn, soybean, wheat, paddy rice.In the display circuit of signal processing circuit, employing be the LCD1602 liquid crystal display.LCD1602 is a kind of dot matrix type Liquid Crystal Modules such as letter, numeral, symbol that are used for specially showing.The content that it shows is 16x2, namely can show 2 row, 16 characters of every row (letter, numeral, symbol).In the present invention, utilize LCD1602 to show the value of water percentage.
Above-mentioned embodiment is used for the present invention that explains, rather than pin limits the invention, and in the protection domain of spirit of the present invention and claim, any modification and change to the present invention makes all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the freezing grain moisture content method for fast measuring of electronics dentition formula, it is characterized in that: the method adopts jaw type physical construction to simulate the interlock process of biological oral cavity inner teeth gear, by the relation between freezing state grain hardness and the water percentage, measure freezing Measurement for Grain Moisture Content, specifically:
Step (1) is pasted upper foil gauge (2), lower foil gauge (3) at strain beam (1), links to each other with display circuit with electric bridge amplifying circuit, single-chip microcomputer again, forms sensing system;
Step (2) places the groove (5) of electronic dental lower port with freezing grain to be measured, regulates the grain position to the groove center, and when guaranteeing the external force interlock, the chaining pin of electronic dental upper port (4) tip faces tested grain center;
After step (3) is adjusted the position of tested grain, apply snap-in force to electronic dental, accurately measure hardness in the crushing grain process by being installed in the upper foil gauge (2) on the strain beam (1), lower foil gauge (3), and by the corresponding relation between freezing grain moisture content and the hardness, after utilizing electric bridge amplifying circuit, single-chip microcomputer and display circuit, finally show the water cut of tested grain.
2. the freezing grain moisture content method for fast measuring of electronics dentition formula according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: its design process of described strain beam (1) can be derived by following steps: in power
Effect under, flexible member occurs bending and deformation, suffered moment of flexure is
, wherein
Be the distance between flexible member stress point and the foil gauge; The computing formula of normal stress is on the xsect
, wherein
For any stress point to the distance between the neutral axis; For the square-section, position of neutral axis is on geometric center lines, and the moment of inertia of square-section is
, wherein
,
Respectively length and the thickness of strain beam; Again in conjunction with Hooke's law
Can get
, wherein
Be elastic modulus.
3. the freezing grain moisture content method for fast measuring of electronics dentition formula according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the described jaw type physical construction,
, wherein
Be the distance of snap-in force application point to fulcrum,
Be the distance of grip application point to fulcrum.
4. the freezing grain moisture content method for fast measuring of electronics dentition formula according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the chaining pin of described electronic dental upper port (4) is for highly to be
, cone angle is
Circular cone, and
,
5. the freezing grain moisture content method for fast measuring of electronics dentition formula according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the chaining pin of described electronic dental upper port (4) is for highly to be
Pyramid, and
,
6. the freezing grain moisture content method for fast measuring of electronics dentition formula according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the groove of described electronic dental lower port (5) is V-shaped groove, and flute length is
, groove width
, groove depth
, bottom width
, angle
, and
,
,
,
,
7. the freezing grain moisture content method for fast measuring of electronics dentition formula according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the groove of described electronic dental lower port (5) is the elliposoidal groove, and flute length is
, groove width
, groove depth
, and
,
,
8. the freezing grain moisture content method for fast measuring of electronics dentition formula according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the groove of described electronic dental lower port (5) is square groove, and flute length is
, groove width
, groove depth
, and
,
,
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106769610A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-05-31 | 吉林大学 | A kind of force cell and force-measuring type device for detecting grain moisture for grain moisture detection |
| CN108195890A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-06-22 | 安徽大洋自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of sampling screw rod for resistance-type Moisture Meter |
| CN112014234A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-01 | 西南科技大学 | Device for measuring normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of material surface |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106769610A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-05-31 | 吉林大学 | A kind of force cell and force-measuring type device for detecting grain moisture for grain moisture detection |
| CN106769610B (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2023-09-08 | 吉林大学 | Force measuring sensor for detecting grain moisture and force measuring grain moisture detecting device |
| CN108195890A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-06-22 | 安徽大洋自动化科技有限公司 | A kind of sampling screw rod for resistance-type Moisture Meter |
| CN108195890B (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2020-08-04 | 安徽大洋自动化科技有限公司 | Sampling screw rod for resistance-type moisture meter |
| CN112014234A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-01 | 西南科技大学 | Device for measuring normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of material surface |
| CN112014234B (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-06-28 | 西南科技大学 | Device for measuring normal and tangential ice adhesion strength of material surface |
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Application publication date: 20130320 |