WO2016110162A1 - 一种近眼显示器 - Google Patents

一种近眼显示器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016110162A1
WO2016110162A1 PCT/CN2015/095708 CN2015095708W WO2016110162A1 WO 2016110162 A1 WO2016110162 A1 WO 2016110162A1 CN 2015095708 W CN2015095708 W CN 2015095708W WO 2016110162 A1 WO2016110162 A1 WO 2016110162A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pixels
display unit
pixel
group
half mirror
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/095708
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
欧健
龙盘
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP15876662.6A priority Critical patent/EP3232251B1/en
Publication of WO2016110162A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016110162A1/zh
Priority to US15/641,993 priority patent/US10409065B2/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G02B26/0816—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
    • G02B26/0833—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0093—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for monitoring data relating to the user, e.g. head-tracking, eye-tracking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0123—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising devices increasing the field of view
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017—Head mounted
    • G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
    • G02B2027/0187—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed slaved to motion of at least a part of the body of the user, e.g. head, eye
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G02B27/14—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only
    • G02B27/144—Beam splitting or combining systems operating by reflection only using partially transparent surfaces without spectral selectivity

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of displays, and more particularly to a near-eye display.
  • the near-eye display is a type of display device, generally in the form of a wearable device (for example, in the form of glasses or a head-mounted device), and through the near-eye display, the display can be realized within a distance of 1-5 cm from the eye. It can also be superimposed with the real scene.
  • the principle is to project an image onto a prism through a projector and reflect the projected image to the user's eyes through a beam splitter built into the prism.
  • Google Glass implements image display, it does not achieve the depth of field effect of the image, which affects the user experience.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a near-eye display device, specifically:
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a near-eye display device, including:
  • a pixel display unit configured to display a plurality of groups of pixels in each frame image output by scanning, wherein each group of pixels includes a plurality of sub-pixel units, each of the sub-pixel units including at least one pixel;
  • each of the half mirrors corresponding to each group of pixels displayed by the pixel display unit, each half mirror comprising a plurality of inner plating layers arranged at different reflection angles, each inner plating layer One-to-one corresponding to a plurality of sub-pixel units in a group of pixels corresponding to the half mirror in which they are located;
  • Each of the half mirrors is activated when a group of pixels corresponding to the reflection thereof is required to be reflected, and each of the sub-pixel units corresponding to each of the inner plating layers is reflected toward the center of the eyeball by all the inner plating layers included therein. .
  • the angle of the light projected by the plurality of half mirrors to the human eye covers an area where the entire eye ball can receive light, and the horizontal angle and the pitch angle formed by the light projected to the human eye are respectively greater than or equal to the maximum horizontal angle of the human eye field of view. And the pitch angle.
  • the pixel display unit specifically includes a first side pixel display unit and a second side pixel display unit, wherein the first side pixel display unit is configured to display the first side of the image in each frame image output by the scanning mode. a plurality of sets of pixels, wherein the second side pixel display unit is configured to display a plurality of sets of pixels located on a second side of the image in each frame image output by the scanning mode; a plurality of sets of pixels on the side and the plurality of sets of pixels on the second side of the image constitute a frame image;
  • the plurality of half mirrors specifically includes a plurality of first side half mirrors and a plurality of second side half mirrors; and the plurality of first side half mirrors and the first side pixel display unit display groups Corresponding to the pixels, the plurality of second side half mirrors respectively corresponding to the plurality of groups of pixels displayed by the second side pixel display unit;
  • the display further includes: a reflective prism for reflecting a group of pixels displayed by the second side display unit;
  • Each of the plurality of first side half mirrors is activated when a group of pixels displayed by the first side pixel display unit needs to be reflected, and is activated by each inner plating layer after activation a set of pixels displayed to reflect to the eye;
  • Each of the plurality of second side half mirrors is activated when a group of pixels displayed by the second side pixel display unit needs to be reflected, and is activated by each inner plating layer after activation
  • the set of pixels displayed by the second side pixel display unit reflected by the reflective prism is reflected toward the center of the eyeball.
  • the first side pixel display unit is a left side pixel display unit, and the second side pixel display unit is a right side pixel display unit;
  • the first side pixel display unit is configured to display a plurality of sets of pixels located on the first side of the image in each frame image output by the scanning mode, and specifically configured to: display each frame image output by the column scanning mode Multiple sets of pixels located to the left of the image;
  • the second side pixel display unit is configured to display a plurality of groups of pixels located on the second side of the image in each frame image output by the scanning mode, and specifically configured to: display the first frame image outputted by the column scanning mode Multiple sets of pixels on the right side of the graph.
  • the pixel display unit outputs a plurality of groups of pixels of each frame image in a column scanning manner, and each group of pixels is one or more columns of pixels;
  • each group of pixels is a column of pixels
  • the number of inner plating layers in each half mirror is equal to the number of pixels in one column of pixels, and each inner plating layer respectively corresponds to each pixel in a column of pixels;
  • each group of pixels is a plurality of columns of pixels
  • the number of inner plating layers in each half mirror is equal to the number of pixels in one column of pixels, and each inner plating layer corresponds to each of the plurality of columns of pixels respectively.
  • each group of pixels is a plurality of columns of pixels
  • the number of inner plating layers in each half mirror is equal to the number of pixels in the plurality of columns of pixels, and each inner plating layer corresponds one by one to each of the plurality of columns of pixels. Pixels.
  • each of the plurality of half mirrors when inactive is not blocking light emitted to the activated half mirror.
  • the half mirror has a substantially elongated shape, and the plurality of inner plating layers are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the elongated shape.
  • the half mirror has a long thin plate shape, and each of the plurality of mirrors is arranged in a first plane in alignment with other mirrors in a long side when inactive, the first plane and The plane formed by the light rays formed by a group of pixels displayed by the pixel display unit is parallel.
  • the plane in which the spectacle lens is located is equivalent to a rectangular plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane, wherein the rectangular plane includes two long sides and two short sides, and the long side of the spectacle lens is regarded as the x-axis.
  • the short side of the spectacle lens is regarded as the y-axis, and one line perpendicular to the x-axis and the y-axis is the z-axis;
  • the first plane is parallel to the plane formed by the x-axis and the y-axis.
  • the activated half mirror is flipped at an angle along the long side of the elongated strip.
  • the half mirror has a long thin plate shape, and each of the plurality of mirrors is stacked in a thickness direction with other mirrors to form a cube in a thickness direction, and the second plane formed by the cube in a thickness direction Parallel to a plane formed by light rays formed by a group of pixels displayed by the pixel display unit.
  • the activated half mirror moves a distance along the width of the elongated strip
  • the plane in which the spectacle lens is located is equivalent to a rectangular plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane, wherein the rectangular plane includes two long sides and two short sides, and the long side of the spectacle lens is regarded as the x-axis.
  • the short side of the spectacle lens is regarded as the y-axis, and one line perpendicular to the x-axis and the y-axis is the z-axis;
  • the second plane is parallel to the plane formed by the x-axis and the y-axis.
  • the activated half mirror moves a distance along the width of the strip.
  • the near-eye display further includes: a processor
  • the processor is configured to control the pixel display unit to output a plurality of groups of pixels in each frame image by scanning;
  • the processor is further configured to control a half mirror activation corresponding to a group of pixels output by the pixel display unit.
  • the near-eye display further includes: a beam splitter and a photosensitive device array;
  • the beam splitter is configured to reflect light reflected by the eyeball to the photosensitive device array
  • the photosensitive device array generates corresponding data according to light reflected by the beam splitter for storage
  • the processor is further configured to perform eyeball detection according to data stored in the photosensitive device array, and perform corresponding operation actions according to the detection result.
  • Each frame of the image is output by column scanning, and each group of pixels is one column;
  • the number of the plurality of half mirrors is equal to the number of columns of the image of each frame.
  • each inner plating layer reflects only light once.
  • the pixel display unit is specifically configured to display by outputting parallel light Multiple sets of pixels in each frame of image output by scanning.
  • each half mirror when each half mirror reflects a group of pixels, one or more pixels corresponding to each inner plating layer are reflected toward the center of the eyeball by a plurality of inner plating layers, so that the light reflected toward the center of the eyeball They are not parallel, but reflect from a variety of angles to the center of the eyeball to form a depth of field effect, which enhances the user experience.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel display unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel display unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel display unit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a half mirror according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a plurality of semi-reflecting mirrors arranged according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of driving a half mirror by a piezoelectric method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the working principle of a near-eye display according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the working principle of a near-eye display according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of another near-eye display according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of another near-eye display according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a half mirror according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a workflow of a near-eye display according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of a near-eye display according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of a near-eye display according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a workflow of a near-eye display according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display with an eyeball detection function according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display according to Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 uses the coordinate axis for identification based on the form of ordinary glasses. Specifically, referring to FIG. 1 , it is a stereo position where the glasses are normally worn when wearing glasses, due to the fact that The lens has a certain arc around it, and it also has a certain arc as a whole.
  • the plane where the lens is located is equivalent to a rectangular plane perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • the rectangular plane includes two long sides and two short sides. , defined as the x-axis and the y-axis, respectively, this rectangular plane can be defined as the xy plane, the direction of the temple perpendicular to the mirror plane is the z-axis, and, for convenience of illustration, in Figure 1 and other figures, Limit the origin position.
  • a person skilled in the art can determine the specific viewing angles of other drawings by using the coordinate system diagram in FIG. 1 and the coordinate system diagrams in other drawings.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a near-eye display, including:
  • a pixel display unit 11 for displaying a plurality of groups of pixels in each frame image output by scanning, wherein each group of pixels includes a plurality of sub-pixel units, each of the sub-pixel units including at least one pixel;
  • each pixel may be divided into one sub-pixel unit, a total of 600 sub-pixel units, or some sub-pixel units may include multiple (eg, 2), and are divided into similar 590, 580 or so number of sub-pixel units.
  • each of the half mirrors corresponding to each group of pixels displayed by the pixel display unit, each half mirror comprising a plurality of inner plating layers arranged at different reflection angles, each of which The plating layer corresponds to a plurality of sub-pixel units in a group of pixels corresponding to the half mirror in which it is located;
  • Each of the half mirrors is activated when a set of pixels corresponding to it needs to be reflected, and through which The inner plating layer reflects each of the sub-pixel units corresponding to each of the inner plating layers in the direction of one eyeball center 13.
  • each half mirror when each half mirror reflects a group of pixels, one or more pixels corresponding to each inner plating layer are reflected toward the center of the eyeball by a plurality of inner plating layers, so that the light reflected toward the center of the eyeball They are not parallel, but reflect from a variety of angles to the center of the eyeball to form a depth of field effect, which enhances the user experience.
  • the pixel display unit is specifically introduced in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the principle that the pixel display unit displays an image is consistent with the prior art, that is, the processor divides each frame of image into a plurality of groups of pixels and outputs the image to the pixel display unit by scanning, and the pixel display unit performs the group of pixels. display.
  • the “display/reflection pixel” and the “display/reflection pixel light (or the light corresponding to the display/reflection pixel)” have the same meaning, and are not Make a distinction.
  • a typical group of pixels may be a column of 600 pixels or a plurality of columns of 600 pixels. If a group of pixels includes two columns, the corresponding pixel display unit can display two columns of pixels at a time, and correspondingly, each half mirror reflects two columns of pixels toward the center of one eyeball at a time.
  • the pixel display unit can be realized in various ways, but the purpose is consistent, which is used to display the pixels of the image under the control of the processor, and at the same time, by means of parallel light (rather than diverging light) The way to use the light source effectively, in order to achieve a better display.
  • the pixel display unit may include the following implementation manners:
  • DMD Digital Micro mirror Device
  • a DMD device is connected to a processor (such as a CPU) for receiving and activating a group of pixels to be displayed, and a laser and a lens group are provided for providing DMD. a backlight, so that the activated pixels can be displayed, wherein the lens group includes the beam expander lens 1 and the beam expander lens 2 shown in the figure;
  • a processor such as a CPU
  • FIG. 3 a schematic diagram of implementing a pixel display unit by using the solution.
  • a liquid crystal display is connected to a processor for receiving and activating a group of pixels to be displayed, and a laser and a lens group are used to provide backlight for the liquid crystal display. So that the activated pixels can be displayed;
  • a plurality of light-emitting diodes form an array of light-emitting diodes, and each of the light-emitting diodes has a convex lens in front of the light-emitting diodes for collecting light. Since the light-emitting diode can display pixels without requiring a backlight, there is no need to provide a backlight here, and therefore, a device for providing a backlight such as a laser, a lens group, or the like in the above two modes can be omitted. In addition, due to the different positions of the LED arrays, it may be necessary to reflect the pixels that need to be displayed by one or more mirrors.
  • the pixel display unit may be placed on one side of the display. Taking the display as the most common form of glasses, the pixel display unit may be placed on the temple portion of the glasses like Google Glass. Of course, in another embodiment, placement at other locations is also not limited, for example, placed at the location of the bridge in the middle of the lens.
  • the pixel display unit can be divided into two parts for display, wherein one part is used to display a plurality of groups of pixels of one frame image, and the other part is used to display the remaining groups of pixels.
  • a part of the pixel display unit (the portion labeled "L" in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5) is used to display pixels related to the left field of the image, and another portion of the pixel display unit (marked in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5) The portion of the "R" is used to display the pixels associated with the right half of the image.
  • a panoramic prism is displayed in conjunction with a reflective prism and a plurality of half mirrors. For details, refer to the description in the fourth embodiment.
  • the embodiment of the present invention introduces a specific implementation of a plurality of half mirrors (for convenience of description, hereinafter also simply referred to as "half mirror groups").
  • each of the plurality of half mirrors corresponds to each of the plurality of groups of pixels output by the pixel display unit, that is, the number and the plurality of half mirrors
  • the number of groups of pixels is the same, and one half mirror corresponds to a group of pixels.
  • the pixel display unit is configured to display an image of each frame with a resolution of 800*600, and is divided into 800 groups of pixels (each group is a column composed of 600 pixels) by column scanning, and then 800 pixels can be set.
  • Corresponding 800 half mirrors are respectively reflected by each half mirror to a corresponding group of pixels (ie, a column of pixels) to the eyes of the user. If each frame of image with a resolution of 800*600 is divided into 400 groups of pixels by column scanning (each group is two columns of 600 pixels), 400 half mirrors corresponding to 400 groups of pixels can be set respectively. .
  • each frame of image into several groups of pixels and set several corresponding half mirrors in combination with the resolution of the image to be displayed and the maximum number of half mirrors that the display can allow.
  • the display size is limited and limited by the manufacturing process of the half mirror, in a limited range, only a half mirror having a number of "maximum theoretical values" can be accommodated.
  • a column scan is taken as an example.
  • the displayed image has a high resolution. If each column is divided into groups, the number of corresponding half mirrors may exceed the maximum theoretical value. In this case, several columns of pixels can be divided into groups, thereby reducing the number of groups. Ground, the number of half mirrors is also reduced (of course, the number of pixels reflected by each half mirror is increased accordingly).
  • the near-eye display can be made similar to ordinary glasses, in this case, about 1 cm away from the surface of the human eye (such as the position of the lens when the near-eye display is glasses), the visible range of the human eye is about A rectangular area composed of 5 cm in width and 4 cm in height, if calculated in 5 cm, if a 4K high-definition image with a resolution of 4096*2160 is to be displayed, when column scanning is used, the preferred method is that each column of pixels corresponds to a half mirror, A total of 4096 half mirrors are required, each having a width of 5 cm divided by 4096 and approximately equal to 12 microns. This order of half mirror can be fabricated by existing processes. If lower resolution is displayed, the process requirements will be lower.
  • the plurality of half mirrors may have a one-to-one correspondence with the output sets of the plurality of sets of pixels, that is, the first one of the plurality of half mirrors arranged in order corresponds to the first of the plurality of sets of pixels arranged in order
  • the second one of the plurality of half mirrors corresponds to the second group of the plurality of sets of pixels, and so on; of course, in another embodiment, the one-to-one correspondence may not be in order, for example, in order.
  • the first of the plurality of half mirrors corresponds to the second group of the plurality of groups of pixels arranged in order
  • the second one of the plurality of half mirrors corresponds to the first group of the plurality of groups of pixels, or the other can achieve reflection
  • the half mirror has a substantially elongated shape
  • the “substantially strip shape” herein refers to a shape close to the long thin plate.
  • the shapes of a plurality of small deformations formed based on the above main features are also "substantially elongated", for example, a plurality of right angles are manufactured into a rectangular parallelepiped having a certain degree of curvature, or some planes are not strictly flat ( If there is a certain arc, depression, and so on.
  • a "substantially elongated strip" half mirror suitable for embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the context.
  • the shape of the half mirror can be selected from the long thin plate shape which is relatively low in the manufacturing process as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the peripheral shape can be determined according to the shape of the product.
  • the circumference is designed to have a certain curvature to increase the aesthetic, or to add a certain curvature to the plane, but these small changes do not affect the semi-reflection
  • the physical characteristics of the mirror, in this case, the shape of each half mirror can still be considered as "long strip shape".
  • Each of the half mirrors comprises a substrate and an inner plating layer.
  • the substrate is made of a transparent material (such as plastic, resin, glass, etc.), and the plating split ratio can be 50:50 (other split ratios can also be selected according to requirements). For example, 40:60); due to its transparent nature, users can also see the real scene through a half mirror. There may be a certain interval between the respective half mirrors, for example, several tens of nanometers apart.
  • the inner plating layer is a semi-reflective plating layer embedded inside the substrate, and the splitting ratio thereof may also be 50:50 or other splitting ratio, and each inner plating layer has one-to-one correspondence with one or more pixels in a group of pixels, respectively, for One or more pixels corresponding thereto are reflected toward the center of the eyeball.
  • the inner plating layer is a flat surface, and only one light is reflected. Therefore, when parallel light is incident on the inner plating layer, the respective light rays are not reflected along the same repeated line.
  • a plurality of inner plating layers are arranged in the longitudinal direction inside the "substantially elongated" half mirror, and each inner plating layer may be spaced apart by a certain distance, for example, several tens of nanometers.
  • the number of multiple inner plating layers can be flexibly selected according to different situations, as long as the "depth of field” effect required by the design can be achieved, for example:
  • the number of the plurality of inner plating layers may be set to be the same as the number of pixels included in the column of pixels. It should be noted that “identical” here means not exactly the same, but “substantially the same”, that is, in the same way as the optimal, there is a certain error that can be adjusted, but the amount of this adjustment does not cause Display the qualitative change of the effect, for example, try to control the error within 10% to achieve better results as much as possible.
  • 600 inner plating layers can be set, and multiple inner plating layers are arranged in order, and the reflection is also pressed.
  • a sequence of pixels sorted sequentially eg, the first inner plating layer is used to reflect the first pixel in the column of pixels, the second inner plating layer is used to reflect the second pixel in the column of pixels, and so on
  • 600 may not be provided, but may be set to a number such as 599, 595.
  • the area of one or more of the inner plating layers may be made larger, so that a plurality of pixels may be reflected. In this case, if the amount of this adjustment accounts for a small proportion of the total amount, then the adjustment has little effect on the experience for the user.
  • the number of the plurality of inner plating layers can be set to be substantially the same as the number of pixels included in one column of pixels.
  • one inner plating layer can reflect two pixels at the same time, such as An inner plating layer can reflect the first pixel of the first column pixel and the second column pixel at the same time, and so on; the meaning of "substantially the same” here is consistent with the previous case, and details are not described herein again.
  • the number of the plurality of inner plating layers and the pixels included in the two columns of pixels may be set.
  • the number is substantially the same.
  • two inner plating layers can be provided.
  • the inner plating layer in each layer includes the same number of inner plating layers as each column of pixels, and each inner plating layer in each inner layer plating layer is used to reflect one column.
  • Each pixel in the pixel The meaning of "substantially the same” here is consistent with the two situations, and will not be repeated here.
  • different portions of the inner plating layer may be designed to reflect different numbers of pixels (for example, a certain portion reflects 1 pixel, a certain portion). The reflection of 2 pixels, a part of which reflects 3 pixels), the person skilled in the art can specifically design the inner plating layer according to the above specific examples and the actual situation. As long as you can get the "depth of field" effect required by the system.
  • the manufacturing technique of the half-reflector with the inner plating layer can adopt a plurality of existing mature technologies.
  • one of the manufacturing methods is briefly introduced.
  • a high-precision mold such as laser or etching
  • the mold is manufactured by high-precision injection molding to produce a lens with a bevel (ie, an uncoated inner coating), and then the bevel is coated. After the coating is completed, injection molding is performed, the mirror is filled, and then cut into a desired shape.
  • each mirror has two states of activation and inactivity, and the position of each mirror when inactive does not affect other activated half mirrors to reflect a group of pixels that need to be reflected.
  • the activation and inactive states can be changed by different driving methods.
  • an optional implementation manner is as follows: the half mirror has a long thin plate shape, and each of the plurality of mirrors is arranged in a non-activated manner with other mirrors aligned with long sides.
  • a first plane such as the xy plane in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5
  • the first plane is parallel to a plane formed by a group of pixels displayed by the pixel display unit, and the pixels displayed by the pixel display unit are not shot.
  • the activated half mirror is flipped at an angle along the long side of the elongated strip for turning a group of pixels displayed by the pixel display unit toward the center of the user's eyeball reflection.
  • the activated half mirror since a group of pixels displayed by the pixel display unit is located above a plane formed by the half mirror group in the figure, the activated half mirror reflects light by flipping up, and vice versa. If a set of pixels is displayed below the plane formed by the half mirror group in the figure, the activated half mirror reflects the light by flipping it down.
  • the half mirror has a long thin plate shape, and each of the plurality of mirrors is stacked in a thickness direction with other mirrors in a cube, cube
  • the second plane (xy plane) formed in the thickness direction is parallel to the plane formed by the light rays formed by a group of pixels displayed by the pixel display unit.
  • the light formed by the group of pixels displayed by the pixel display unit is not blocked by any one of the half mirrors and is reflected toward the center of the eyeball; in the activated state, the activated half mirror is moved by a distance in the width direction, For displaying pixels
  • the set of pixels displayed by the unit reflects toward the center of the user's eyeball.
  • the activated half mirror reflects the light by moving down a distance, and vice versa if the displayed group of pixels is located.
  • the activated half mirror reflects the light by moving up a distance.
  • each of the half mirrors is connected to a driving device (such as a Micro Electro-Mechanic System, MEMS), and each driving device is connected to the processor, and drives the half mirror by receiving instructions of the processor. Enter active or inactive state.
  • the half mirror can be driven to rotate at a certain angle or in a vertical direction for a distance.
  • the specific driving method may be any one or more of a piezoelectric device driving, an electromagnetic device driving, an electrostatic driving, and the like in the known technology. For example, referring to FIG. 8, in the case of driving by a piezoelectric device, the left side is in an inactive state, and the right side is in an activated state.
  • the piezoelectric device length is increased by h, so that semi-reflection is performed.
  • the mirror is flipped a certain angle along the axis of rotation. If you want to achieve different angles, you only need to add different voltages.
  • the driving device can be implemented in the upper frame or the lower frame of the glasses.
  • the manufacture of the driving device and the connection with the half mirror can be realized according to the existing manufacturing method and the connection method (such as bonding), and will not be described herein.
  • the embodiment of the present invention introduces a method for implementing panoramic display.
  • the “panoramic” in the embodiment of the present invention means that the angle of the light projected to the human eye by the near-eye display (specifically, a plurality of half mirrors) can cover the area where the entire eye can receive light, and the horizontal angle and the pitch angle are respectively greater than It is equal to the maximum horizontal angle and pitch angle of the human eye field (for example, the human eye angle is an ellipsoid, the maximum horizontal angle is 155 degrees, and the maximum pitch angle is 135 degrees).
  • the above limitation is an ideal limitation. In practice, the adjustment can be made according to the specific index requirements of “panorama”.
  • the pixel display unit is set on one side
  • the pixel display unit of the embodiment of the present invention may include two parts for respectively displaying two sides of the image (such as the left and right sides, or the upper and lower sides), respectively named as the first side pixel display unit and the second side.
  • the first side pixel display unit is configured to display pixels of one side (such as the left side) of one frame image
  • the second side pixel display unit is configured to display pixels of the other side (such as the right side) of one frame image.
  • the range of one frame of images displayed on both sides is equally large (eg, 400*600 regions each displaying an 800*600 resolution image).
  • the two parts are not required to be completely independent of the two parts of the device, but may be a part of the device together, for example, the DMD device in FIG.
  • the lens group + laser realizes a pixel display unit as an example.
  • the lens group and the laser can be shared, and the DMD device is designed as a device that can respectively display two parts of pixels.
  • the plurality of half mirrors are also divided into two parts, which are respectively named as a first side half mirror group and a second side half mirror group, and each side half mirror group includes a plurality of half mirrors.
  • the number of the half mirrors in the first side half mirror group is the same as the number of groups of the plurality of groups of pixels used by the first side pixel display unit, and corresponds to each other;
  • the number of the half mirrors in the second side half mirror is The number of groups of the plurality of groups of pixels used for displaying by the second side pixel display unit is the same and respectively corresponding.
  • the two side half mirror groups are substantially symmetrically distributed on both sides centering on the center of the eyeball.
  • substantially symmetrical means not strictly symmetrical in practice, but may have some error and redundancy. For example, you can make two sets of half mirrors with the same number and center symmetry. However, since there are some differences in the shape of each person's head, the position of the human eye, and the size of the human eye, the two sets of lens groups are actually placed. At the time, it is impossible for each wearer to be strictly symmetrical with the center of the eyeball of each wearer. After wearing, the overall deviation from a certain small angle (such as an angle within 10%) is acceptable; or, two and a half There may also be some small differences in the number of mirrors, for example, one set of mirrors than the other.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further includes a reflecting prism.
  • the reflecting prism in this embodiment functions to reflect the parallel incident light through the inside of the reflecting prism and then reflect it in parallel in opposite directions.
  • the position of the reflecting prism is set at The side opposite the pixel display unit.
  • FIG. 9 is a view of the near-eye display in the xz plane. As shown in FIG. 9, when a frame image is required to be displayed, when the first side pixel display unit displays a group of pixels, by activating a plurality of first side half mirror groups a half mirror corresponding to the set of pixels to directly reflect the displayed pixels to the eye; FIG. 10 is still a view of the near-eye display in the xz plane, as shown in FIG.
  • the reflection is performed by means of the reflective prism, that is, the second side pixel display unit is first reflected by the reflective prism to the second side semi-reflection A half mirror in the mirror is then reflected by the half mirror to the eye.
  • a group of pixels displayed by the second side pixel display unit can be refracted back to the half mirror in the second side half mirror group, and the second side half mirror group is opposite to the first side.
  • the half mirror group is located on the other side of the eyeball, so that the eyeball can receive the light reflected from the other side angle, which enlarges the angle of the light received by the eye plane, and realizes the panoramic display well.
  • the pixel display units may also be respectively located on both sides of the eyeball.
  • one of them is located on the temple and the other is located on the bridge.
  • the pixel display unit on one side corresponds to the first side pixel display unit in the case of (1), and the pixel display unit on the other side corresponds to the first ( 1)
  • the second side pixel display unit in the case; corresponding thereto, the two side half mirror groups symmetric along the eyeball may also be respectively disposed.
  • the reflective prism can be omitted, and the plurality of sets of pixels are respectively displayed by the pixel display units on both sides, and the half mirror group on the corresponding side is reflected to reflect the light from the plurality of angles to the eyeball, for example, FIG. 11
  • the plurality of groups of pixels displayed by the left pixel display unit are reflected by the right half mirror group.
  • the plurality of groups of pixels displayed by the right pixel display unit are reflected by the left half mirror group, thereby realizing panoramic display. .
  • the pixel display unit and the plurality of half mirrors may also be disposed at other locations, and those skilled in the art may combine some of the other embodiments with the above embodiments.
  • the method is adapted to achieve the effect of panoramic display.
  • the embodiment of the present invention specifically describes the working principle of the near-eye display based on a specific implementation manner.
  • the near-eye display in this embodiment is designed into the shape of a conventional glasses, and the user can use the lens of the glasses itself.
  • the real scene is observed, and the image emitted by the glasses itself can also be viewed by the display mode provided in the embodiment.
  • the pixel display unit pixel in the near-eye display in the embodiment of the present invention is disposed on one side of the near-eye display (the right side in the figure, the position of one of the temples in practice), including the DMD device, the laser, the speed-expanding lens 1, and the speed-up
  • the lens 2 is for displaying an output image in a column scan manner, the portion marked with "L” in the figure indicates the left portion of the display image, and the portion labeled "R" in the figure indicates the right portion of the display image.
  • other devices such as a processor are not illustrated in the drawings.
  • the plurality of half mirrors in the embodiment of the present invention are in an inactive state, the plurality of half mirrors are arranged in a plane, and Shifts an angle to reflect pixels.
  • the plurality of half mirrors are divided into two parts centering on the axis of the eye, the left part is for reflecting the left part of the image displayed by the image display unit, and the right part is for reflecting image display. The right part of the image displayed by the unit.
  • a reflecting prism that is, the R-side reflecting prism shown in the figure, is added here.
  • Wm half mirror width, including the physical width of the half mirror and the spacing between the two half mirrors;
  • the i-th (i is an integer greater than or equal to 0) the angle between the half-mirror unit and the horizontal plane when activated, and the half-mirror unit number of the eyeball center is 0, increasing in order to the left and right sides;
  • Wma the width of the mirror array, the value of which is equal to the number of half mirror units multiplied by Wm;
  • Wp a set of pixel widths, the total width of a set of pixels displayed on the DMD device when activated by one half mirror unit each time;
  • T the thickness of the front part of the entire near-eye display
  • Tm half mirror thickness
  • Wg half mirror gap
  • Equations 11, 12 are used to define that each of the semi-reflective lenses will reflect a set of pixels in the direction of the center of the eyeball when activated;
  • Formula 13 is used to define the thickness of the entire spectacle lens to meet the requirements of placing the reflective prism
  • Equation 14 is used to define the relationship between the width of the lens of the half mirror and the width of the pixel column, and if not satisfied, the pixel will be incompletely displayed;
  • Equation 15 is used to define the lens pitch and thickness of the half mirror, and if this requirement is not met, flipping cannot be achieved.
  • the half mirror unit is formed by a built-in reflective coating, and the half mirror substrate is made of a material having a refractive index n and a thickness of Tm.
  • the inner plating layer is divided into an oblique plane unit having a horizontal width Wr and an interval Wrg(i), which includes 2N+1 units in total, and the inner plating unit index i is 0 at the central axis, and increases to the left and right respectively.
  • the inner plating is not inclined to cause distortion to the transmitted light, and only the reflected light is focused and focused to the focus F.
  • the focal length Df(i) of the i-th half mirror unit satisfies the formula 24:
  • the scanning process of one frame image in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the left pixel is activated: sending the i-th column pixel information to the DMD device L portion, the R portion remains completely black; executing S304;
  • the left pixel is deactivated: all pixels of the DMD device are all black; performing S307;
  • the left pixel is deactivated: all the pixels of the DMD device are in a black state; executing S311;
  • the right pixel is activated: the pixel information of the i-th column is sent to the R portion of the DMD device, and the L portion remains completely black; and S314 is performed;
  • the right pixel is deactivated: all the pixels of the DMD device are in a black state; executing S316;
  • the single frame image shows the end of the scan period.
  • the embodiment of the present invention since the image display is basically performed on the lens itself, the superimposition of the real scene and the display image can be realized, and at the same time, each half mirror can reflect a group of pixels through the built-in plating layer. Therefore, a good depth of field effect can be achieved. Furthermore, the embodiment of the present invention cooperates with a reflective prism to reflect light toward the center of the eyeball in a large field of view, thereby achieving a panoramic effect.
  • the working principle of the near-eye display is specifically introduced based on a specific implementation manner.
  • the near-eye display in this embodiment is substantially the same as in the fifth embodiment, but the plurality of half mirror portions are reflected by the vertical alignment arrangement as shown in the third embodiment as described in the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the principle in the xz plane when the left side light is reflected
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the principle in the xz plane when the right side light is reflected.
  • the parameters of the two parameters and their relations are as follows:
  • Wm half mirror width, unlike the previous embodiment, does not include spacing
  • the i-th (i is an integer greater than or equal to 0) the angle between the plating unit in the half mirror unit and the horizontal plane; the half mirror unit facing the center of the eyeball is numbered 0, and sequentially increases to the left and right sides;
  • Wma the width of the mirror array, the value of which is equal to the number of half mirror units multiplied by (Wm + Wg);
  • Wp a set of pixel widths, the total width of a set of pixels displayed on the DMD device when activated by one half mirror unit each time;
  • T thickness of the front part of the entire near-eye display
  • Tm half mirror thickness
  • Wg half mirror gap
  • n refractive index of the lens material
  • each inner plating layer in each of the half mirror units is the same as that in the fifth embodiment, and those skilled in the art can refer to FIG. 13, formulas 21-24 and related descriptions, and are not described herein again.
  • the scanning process of one frame image in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the left pixel is activated: sending the i-th column of pixel information to the DMD device L portion, the R portion remains completely black; performing S504;
  • the left pixel is deactivated: all the pixels of the DMD device are all black; executing S507;
  • the left pixel is deactivated: all pixels of the DMD device are in a black state; executing S511;
  • the right pixel is activated: sending the pixel information of the i-th column to the R portion of the DMD device, the L portion remains completely black; executing S514;
  • the right pixel is deactivated: all the pixels of the DMD device are in a black state; executing S516;
  • the embodiment of the present invention can also realize the superposition of the real scene and the image, and display the image in a panoramic and stereoscopic manner to better enhance the user experience.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a near-eye display with an eyeball detection function.
  • a beam splitter and an array of light sensing devices are further disposed.
  • the light splitting sheet is configured to reflect the light reflected by the eyeball to the photosensitive device array, and the light sensing device array generates corresponding data according to the light reflected by the light splitting sheet to store the corresponding data;
  • the data saved in the image can reflect an image of the eyeball, and the processor connected thereto can perform eyeball detection according to the data stored in the photosensitive device array, identify the position and state of the eye, and according to the position and state of the eyeball, etc.
  • Various information to perform different operational actions For example, if it is recognized that the human eye is closed for a long time, the near-eye display is turned off, or when the human eye is recognized to flash rapidly, the video playback or the like is suspended.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a near-eye display.
  • a set of near-eye display systems are provided for each of the left and right eyes (for example, both include a pixel display unit and a plurality of half mirrors, Reflecting prism), as shown in FIG. 19, the two sets of systems are symmetrically arranged.
  • the left and right systems may first display a part of an image (such as the left side) as in the above embodiment. ), then display another part (such as the right side). At this time, the working principle of the right-eye display system in the right side of FIG.
  • the left-eye display system on the left side can be adaptively adjusted, that is, first through the reflective prism and on the left side.
  • the half mirror reflects the pixels of the left image to the eye, and then reflects the pixels of the right image to the eye through a plurality of half mirrors on the right side (without passing through the reflective prism).
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a near-eye display, including:
  • Pixel display unit 92
  • processor 91 a processor 91, a memory 95, configured to store code required by the processor to execute the program and data at runtime;
  • the processor is connected to the pixel display unit and each driving device, and is configured to control the pixel on the one hand by executing a program
  • the display unit displays the pixels in the manner described in the various embodiments above, and on the other hand, when an active half mirror is required, a control device (such as a MEMS) is driven to drive the half mirror to be activated, enabling it to reflect pixels to the eye. .
  • a control device such as a MEMS
  • the near-eye display can be made into a spectacles, wherein a pixel display unit, a processor and a memory are disposed in the temple, the lens is composed of the plurality of half mirrors, and the driving device can be placed on the upper or lower part of the frame. .
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).

Abstract

一种近眼显示设备，包括：像素显示单元（11），用于显示通过扫描方式输出的每一帧图像中的多组像素，其中，每组像素包括多个子像素单元，每个子像素单元包括至少一个像素；多个半反射镜（12），每个半反射镜（12）一一对应于像素显示单元（11）显示的每一组像素，每个半反射镜（12）包括按不同反射角度设置的多个内镀层（14），每个内镀层（14）一一对应于与其所在的半反射镜（12）对应的一组像素中的多个子像素单元；每个半反射镜（12）用于在需要反射与其对应的一组像素时被激活，并通过其包括的所有内镀层（14）向一个眼球（13）球心方向反射与每个内镀层（14）一一对应的每个子像素单元。

Description

一种近眼显示器
本申请要求于2015年1月6日提交中国专利局、申请号为CN 201510007318.7、发明名称为“一种近眼显示器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及显示器领域，尤其涉及一种近眼显示器。
背景技术
近眼显示器属于显示设备的一种，一般做成可穿戴式的设备形态(例如，做成眼镜，或者头戴式设备的形式)，通过近眼显示器，可以在距离眼睛1-5cm距离内实现显示，还可以与实景进行叠加。
以目前比较典型的近眼显示器Google Glass为例，其原理是通过一个投影仪将图像投影到一个棱镜，并通过内置在棱镜中的一个分光镜将投影的图像反射到用户眼睛。
Google Glass虽然实现了图像的显示，但并不能很好地实现图像的景深效果，从而影响了用户体验。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在着的不能很好地实现图像的景深效果的问题，本发明实施例提供了一种近眼显示设备，具体的：
第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种近眼显示设备，包括：
像素显示单元，用于显示通过扫描方式输出的每一帧图像中的多组像素，其中，每组像素包括多个子像素单元，每个子像素单元包括至少一个像素；
多个半反射镜，每个所述半反射镜一一对应于所述像素显示单元显示的每一组像素，每个半反射镜包括按不同反射角度设置的多个内镀层，每个内镀层一一对应于与其所在的半反射镜对应的一组像素中的多个子像素单元；
每个所述半反射镜用于在需要反射与其对应的一组像素时被激活，并通过其包括的所有内镀层向一个眼球球心方向反射与每个内镀层一一对应的每个子像素单元。
在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，
所述多个半反射镜投射到人眼的光线的角度覆盖整个眼球可接收光线的区域，并且，投射到人眼的光线所形成的水平角度及俯仰角度分别大于等于人眼视野的最大水平角度及俯仰角度。
结合第一方面或者第一方面第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，
所述像素显示单元具体包括第一侧像素显示单元以及第二侧像素显示单元，所述第一侧像素显示单元用于显示所述通过扫描方式输出的每一帧图像中位于图像第一侧的多组像素，所述第二侧像素显示单元用于显示所述通过扫描方式输出的每一帧图像中位于图像第二侧的多组像素；每一帧所述图像中位于所述图像第一侧的多组像素以及所述位于所述图像第二侧的多组像素构成一帧图像；
所述多个半反射镜具体包括多个第一侧半反射镜以及多个第二侧半反射镜；所述多个第一侧半反射镜与所述第一侧像素显示单元显示的多组像素分别对应，所述多个第二侧半反射镜与所述第二侧像素显示单元显示的多组像素分别对应；
所述显示器还包括：反射棱镜，用于反射所述第二侧显示单元显示的一组像素；
所述多个第一侧半反射镜中的每一个半反射镜用于在需要反射所述第一侧像素显示单元显示的一组像素时被激活，并在激活后通过各个内镀层将所述显示的一组像素反射到眼睛；
所述多个第二侧半反射镜中的每一个半反射镜用于在需要反射所述第二侧像素显示单元显示的一组像素时被激活，并在激活后通过各个内镀层将经过所述反射棱镜反射的所述第二侧像素显示单元显示的一组像素往眼球球心方向反射。
结合第一方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，
所述第一侧像素显示单元为左侧像素显示单元，所述第二侧像素显示单元为右侧像素显示单元；
所述第一侧像素显示单元用于显示所述通过扫描方式输出的每一帧图像中位于图像第一侧的多组像素时，具体用于：显示通过列扫描方式输出的每一帧图像中位于图像左侧的多组像素；
所述第二侧像素显示单元用于显示所述通过扫描方式输出的每一帧图像中位于图像第二侧的多组像素时，具体用于：显示通过列扫描方式输出的第一帧图像中位于图右侧的多组像素。
结合第一方面，或者第一方面第一至第三种任意一种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，
所述像素显示单元采用列扫描方式输出每一帧图像的多组像素，每一组像素为一列或者多列像素；
当每一组像素为一列像素时，每个半反射镜中的内镀层个数与一列像素中像素的个数相等，每个内镀层分别对应于一列像素中的每个像素；
或者，当每一组像素为多列像素时，每个半反射镜中的内镀层个数与一列像素中的像素的个数相等，每个内镀层分别对应于多列像素中的每一行的多个像素；
或者，当每一组像素为多列像素时，每个半反射镜中的内镀层个数与多列像素中的像素的个数相等，每个内镀层一一对应于多列像素中的每个像素。
结合第一方面，或者第一方面第一至第四种任意一种可能的实现方式，在第五种可能的实现方式中，
所述多个半反射镜中的每个半反射镜在非激活时的位置不对发射到激活的半反射镜的光进行阻挡。
结合第一方面，或者第一方面第一至第五种任意一种可能的实现方式，在第六种可能的实现方式中，
所述半反射镜呈实质上为长条形的形状，所述多个内镀层沿所述长条形的长度方向排列。
结合第一方面第六种可能的实现方式，在第七种可能的实现方式中，
所述半反射镜呈长条薄板状，所述多个反射镜中的每个反射镜在非激活时与其他反射镜以长边对齐的方式排列成一个第一平面，所述第一平面与像素显示单元显示的一组像素所形成的光线所构成的平面平行。
结合第一方面第七种可能的实现方式，在第八种可能的实现方式中，
正常佩戴眼镜时，眼镜镜片所在的平面和一个垂直于水平面的一个矩形平面等效，其中，矩形平面包括两条长边以及两条短边，所述眼镜镜片的长边视为x轴，所述眼镜镜片的短边视为y轴，垂直于x轴和y轴构成的xy平面的一条线为z轴；
所述第一平面与x轴，y轴形成的平面平行。
结合第一方面第六到第八种中任意一种可能的实现方式，在第九种可能的实现方式中，
在激活状态时，激活的半反射镜沿所述长条形的长边为轴翻转一定角度。
结合第一方面第六种可能的实现方式，在第十种可能的实现方式中，
所述半反射镜呈长条薄板状，所述多个反射镜中的每个反射镜在非激活时与其他反射镜在厚度方向堆叠成一个立方体，所述立方体在厚度方向形成的第二平面与像素显示单元显示的一组像素所形成的光线所构成的平面平行。
结合第一方面第十种可能的实现方式，在第十一种可能的实现方式中，
在激活状态时，激活的半反射镜沿所述长条形的宽度方向移动一段距离；
正常佩戴眼镜时，眼镜镜片所在的平面和一个垂直于水平面的一个矩形平面等效，其中，矩形平面包括两条长边以及两条短边，所述眼镜镜片的长边视为x轴，所述眼镜镜片的短边视为y轴，垂直于x轴和y轴构成的xy平面的一条线为z轴；
所述第二平面与x轴，y轴形成的平面平行。
结合第一方面第六种可能的实现方式以及第十到第十一种中任意一种可能的实现方式，在第十二种可能的实现方式中，
在激活状态时，激活的半反射镜沿所述长条形的宽度方向移动一段距离。
结合第一方面，或者第一方面第一至第十二种任意一种可能的实现方式，在第十三种可能的实现方式中，所述近眼显示器还包括：处理器；
所述处理器用于控制所述像素显示单元通过扫描方式输出每一帧图像中的多组像素；
所述处理器还用于控制与所述像素显示单元输出的一组像素对应的一个半反射镜激活。
结合第一方面第十三种可能的实现方式，在第十四种可能的实现方式中，所述近眼显示器还包括：分光片以及感光器件阵列；
所述分光片用于将眼球反射的光反射到所述感光器件阵列；
所述感光器件阵列根据所述分光片反射过来的光生成对应的数据进行存储；
所述处理器还用于根据所述感光器件阵列中存储的数据进行眼球检测，并根据检测结果执行对应的操作动作。
结合第一方面，或者第一方面第一至第十四种任意一种可能的实现方式，在第十五种可能的实现方式中，
所述每一帧图像通过列扫描的方式输出，每一组像素为一列；
多个半反射镜的个数等于所述每一帧图像的列数。
结合第一方面，或者第一方面第一至第十五种任意一种可能的实现方式，在第十六种可能的实现方式中，每个内镀层只对光进行一次反射。
结合第一方面，或者第一方面第一至第十六种任意一种可能的实现方式，在第十七种可能的实现方式中，所述像素显示单元具体用于通过输出平行光的方式显示通过扫描方式输出的每一帧图像中的多组像素。
上述技术方案中具有如下的优点：
本发明实施例中，每个半反射镜反射一组像素时，通过多个内镀层将每个内镀层对应的一个或多个像素向眼球球心方向反射，这样，往眼球球心反射的光线之间并不平行，而是从多个角度往眼球球心反射，从而形成景深效果，提升了用户体验。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术常用眼镜示意图；
图2为本发明实施例一提供的近眼显示器的结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例二提供的一种像素显示单元的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例二提供的一种像素显示单元的结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例二提供的一种像素显示单元的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例三提供的一种半反射镜结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例三提供的一种多个半反射镜排列方式的结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施例三提供的通过压电方式驱动半反射镜的示意图；
图9为本发明实施例四提供的近眼显示器的工作原理图；
图10为本发明实施例四提供的近眼显示器的工作原理图；
图11为本发明实施例四提供的另一近眼显示器的工作原理图；
图12为本发明实施例四提供的另一近眼显示器的工作原理图；
图13为本发明实施例五提供的半反射镜结构示意图；
图14为本发明实施例五提供的近眼显示器工作流程示意图；
图15为本发明实施例六提供的近眼显示器的工作原理图；
图16为本发明实施例六提供的近眼显示器的工作原理图；
图17为本发明实施例六提供的近眼显示器工作流程示意图；
图18为本发明实施例七提供的具有眼球检测功能的近眼显示器结构示意图；
图19为本发明实施例八提供的一种近眼显示器结构示意图；
图20为本发明实施例九提供的一种近眼显示器结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明所涉及的近眼显示器具体的形态本质上类似于图1眼镜的形态，包括用于眼睛观察的部件(如镜片)，用于佩戴的部件(如镜腿)以及将这些部分连接起来的结构件(如除镜腿之外的镜框部分)。在实际设计中，可以对不同的部件进行相应的改进，使之能够显示图像，例如，像Google Glass一样对镜腿部分进行改进，加入显示处理器件。为了更方便地对后续各个附图进行说明示意，图1基于普通眼镜的形态使用了坐标轴进行标识，具体的，参见图1，为正常佩带眼镜时眼镜所处的一个立体位置，由于实际中镜片四周具有一定的弧线，整体上也会呈现一定的弧度，为了说明方便，将镜片所在的平面等效成一个垂直于水平面的一个矩形平面，矩形平面包括两条长边以及两条短边，分别定义为x轴以及y轴，这个矩形平面可定义为xy平面，与镜面平面垂直的镜腿所在的方向为z轴，同时，为了方便示意，在图1及其他附图中，都不限定原点位置。本领域技术人员可以通过图1中的坐标系示意图并结合其他附图中的坐标系示意图来确定其他附图的具体视角。
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下将通过具体实施例和相关附图，对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例一
参见图2，本发明实施例提供了一种近眼显示器，包括：
像素显示单元11，用于显示通过扫描方式输出的每一帧图像中的多组像素，其中，每组像素包括多个子像素单元，每个子像素单元包括至少一个像素；
例如，如果每组像素为1列600个像素，则可以将每个像素划分为一个子像素单元，共600个子像素单元，或者，一些子像素单元可以包括多个(如2个)，分成类似590个，580个之类数目的子像素单元。
多个半反射镜12，每个所述半反射镜一一对应于所述像素显示单元显示的每一组像素，每个半反射镜包括按不同反射角度设置的多个内镀层，每个内镀层一一对应于与其所在的半反射镜对应的一组像素中的多个子像素单元；
每个所述半反射镜用于在需要反射与其对应的一组像素时被激活，并通过其包括的所 有内镀层向一个眼球球心13方向反射与每个内镀层一一对应的每个子像素单元。
本发明实施例中，每个半反射镜反射一组像素时，通过多个内镀层将每个内镀层对应的一个或多个像素向眼球球心方向反射，这样，往眼球球心反射的光线之间并不平行，而是从多个角度往眼球球心反射，从而形成景深效果，提升了用户体验。
实施例二
基于上述实施例，本发明实施例对像素显示单元进行具体介绍。本发明实施例中，像素显示单元显示图像的原理跟现有技术一致，即处理器通过扫描的方式将每帧图像分成多组像素输出到像素显示单元，由像素显示单元将这一组像素进行显示。需要说明的是，本发明各实施例中，为了方便描述，“显示/反射像素”跟“显示/反射像素的光(或者显示/反射像素对应的光)”表示的是同一个意思，并不进行区分。
本发明实施例在对需要显示的一帧图像进行分组时，如可以按“行”进行分组，将一行或者多行分成一组；也可以按“列”进行分组，将一列或者多列分成一组，或者也可以按其他自定义的方式进行分组，这里并不限定。例如，以显示分辨率为800*600的一帧图像为例，典型的一组像素可以是以600个像素构成的一列，或者由多个600个像素构成的多列。如果一组像素包括两列时，对应的像素显示单元可以一次显示两列像素，对应地，每个半反射镜一次往一个眼球球心方向反射两列像素。
像素显示单元具体可以通过多种方式实现，但不论通过哪种方式，其目的是一致的，都用于在处理器的控制下显示图像的像素，同时，通过平行光的方式(而非发散光线的方式)有效利用光源，从而达到更好的显示效果。
具体的，像素显示单元可以包括以下几种实现方式：
(1)DMD(Digital Micro mirror Device)数字微镜面器件+激光器+透镜组
参见图2，为使用本方案实现像素显示单元的示意图，本方案中，DMD器件连接处理器(如CPU)，用于接收并激活需要显示的一组像素，激光器以及透镜组用于给DMD提供背光，从而能将激活的像素进行显示，其中，透镜组包括图中所示的扩束透镜1以及扩束透镜2；
(2)液晶显示屏+激光器+透镜组+反射镜
参见图3，为使用本方案实现像素显示单元的示意图，本方案中，液晶显示屏连接处理器，用于接收并激活需要显示的一组像素，激光器以及透镜组用于给液晶显示屏提供背光，从而能将激活的像素进行显示；
(3)发光二极管阵列+凸透镜组+反射镜(可选)
参见图4、图5，为使用本方案实现像素显示单元的示意图，本方案中，多个发光二级管组成一个发光二级管阵列，每个发光二极管前方有一个凸透镜用于汇聚光线。由于发光二极管不需要背光也可以显示像素，因此，这里不需要提供背光，因此，可以省掉前述两种方式中的激光器、透镜组等用于提供背光的器件。此外，由于发光二极管阵列摆放的位置不同，可能需要通过一个或多个反射镜来对需要显示的像素进行反射。
本发明实施例，像素显示单元可以放置在显示器的一侧，以显示器为最常见的眼镜的形式为例，可以像Google Glass一样将像素显示单元放置在眼镜的镜腿部分。当然，在另一实施例中，也并不限定在其他位置进行放置，例如，放置在位于眼镜中间的鼻梁架的位置。
此外，为了实现全景显示功能，像素显示单元可以分成两部分来进行显示，其中，一部分用于显示一帧图像的其中多组像素，另一部分用于显示剩下的多组像素。例如，以列扫描输出图像为例，一部分像素显示单元(图4、图5中标“L”的部分)用于显示图像左半帧相关的像素，另一部分像素显示单元(图4、图5中标“R”的部分)用于显示图像右半帧相关的像素，同时，配合一个反射棱镜以及多个半反射镜来实现全景显示，具体可以参见实施例四中的描述。
需要说明的是，上述几种显示方式的具体实现都为现有技术，这里不再进行赘述。
实施例三
基于上述各个实施例，本发明实施例对多个半反射镜(为描述方便，下文也简称为“半反射镜组”)的具体实现进行介绍。
本发明实施例中，优选地，多个半反射镜中的每个半反射镜与像素显示单元输出的多组像素中的每组像素一一对应，即多个半反射镜的数目与多组像素的组数相同，并且一个半反射镜对应一组像素。例如，像素显示单元用于显示分辨率为800*600的每帧图像，通过列扫描的方式分成800组像素(每组即为由600个像素构成的一列)输出，则可以设置与800组像素分别对应的800个半反射镜，通过每个半反射镜来将与其对应的一组像素(即一列像素)反射到用户眼睛。如果分辨率为800*600的每帧图像通过列扫描的方式分成400组像素(每组即为由600个像素构成的两列)，则可以设置与400组像素分别对应的400个半反射镜。
实际中，可以结合要显示图像的分辨率、显示器所能允许的最多半反射镜个数来综合决定每一帧图像分成几组像素以及设置几个对应的半反射镜。具体的，由于显示器大小有限，且受半反射镜制造工艺限制，在有限的范围内，只可能容纳个数为“最大理论值”数目的半反射镜，此时，以列扫描为例，如果显示的图像分辨率很高，单独将每一列分成一组的话，对应的半反射镜个数可能会超过最大理论值，此时，就可以将几列像素分成一组，从而减少分组数目，对应地，也减少半反射镜的数量(当然，相应地要增加每个半反射镜反射的像素的数量)。
本发明实施例中，近眼显示器可以做成类似普通眼镜的样子，在这种情况下，距离人眼球表面约1cm(如近眼显示器为眼镜时，镜片所在位置)，人眼的可视范围约为宽5cm，高4cm构成的矩形区域，以5cm计算的话，如果要显示分辨率为4096*2160的4K高清图像，当采用列扫描时，优选的方式是每一列像素对应一个半反射镜，此时，需要半反射镜共4096个，每个半反射镜的宽度为5cm除以4096约等于12微米，这个数量级的半反射镜可以通过现有的工艺进行加工制造。如果显示更低分辨率的话，对工艺要求也会更加低。
优选地，多个半反射镜可以与输出的多组输出的像素按顺序一一对应，即按顺序排列的多个半反射镜的第1个对应于按顺序排列的多组像素中的第1组，多个半反射镜的第2个对应于多组像素中的第2组……依次类推；当然，在另一实施例中，也可以并非按顺序一一对应，例如，按顺序排列的多个半反射镜的第1个对应于按顺序排列的多组像素中的第2组，多个半反射镜中的第2个对应于多组像素中的第1组，或者其他能够实现反射像素显示单元通过扫描方式输出的多组像素目的的对应方式。
参见图6，为半反射镜的结构示意图，本发明实施例中，半反射镜呈实质上为长条形的形状，这里的“实质上为长条形”是指接近长条薄板的形状，主要有几个特点：首先，需要有一个相对较长的长边，其次，有一个相对较小的厚度，最后，整体要接近长方体的形状。在基于上述主要特点而形成的多种小的变形的形状也属于“实质上为长条形”，例如，多个直角被制造成具有一定的弧度的长方体，或者某些平面并不严格平整(如有一定的弧度、凹陷)的长方体等等。本领域技术人员可以结合上下文选用适合本发明实施例的“实质上为长条形”的半反射镜。优选地，半反射镜的形状可以选用图6所示的，对制造工艺要求相对低的长条薄板状，当多个半反射镜整体组成显示屏时，可以根据产品对形态的要求对周边形状进行相应的设计，例如，类似现有普通眼镜的镜片形状，将四周设计成具有一定的弧度以增加美感，或对平面增加一定的弧度，但这些小的改变并不影响半反射 镜的实质特点，这种情况每个半反射镜的形状仍可认为是“长条薄板状”。
每个半反射镜包括基材以及内镀层两部分，基材使用透明的材料(如塑料、树脂、玻璃等)制成，镀层分光比可以为50:50(也可以根据需求选用其他的分光比，如40:60)；由于其透明的特性，因此，用户也可以通过半反射镜看到实景。各个半反射镜之间可以有一定的间隔，例如间隔数十纳米。
内镀层为嵌入在基材内部的半反射镀层，其分光比也可以为50:50或者其他分光比，每个内镀层与一组像素中的一个或多个像素分别一一对应，用于将与其对应的一个或多个像素往眼球球心方向反射。内镀层为一个平面，只对光进行一次反射，因此，当平行光射入到内镀层时，各个光线并不会沿同一重复的线路进行反射。本发明实施例中，多个内镀层在“实质上为长条形”的半反射镜内部沿长度方向排列，各个内镀层之间也可以间隔一定的距离，例如数十纳米。
多个内镀层的数目可以根据不同情况灵活选择，只要能够达到设计时要求达到的“景深”效果即可，例如：
如果一组像素为一列像素，则可以设置多个内镀层的个数跟这一列像素包括的像素个数相同。需要说明的是，这里的“相同”是指并非指完全相同，而是指“实质相同”，即在相同作为最优的方式下，有一定的误差可以调整，但这个调整的量不会引起显示效果的质变，例如尽量控制在10％以内的误差，以尽可能地达到更好的效果。
例如，针对一帧800*600分辨的图像，通过列扫描的方式时，由于每列有600个像素，因此，可以设置600个内镀层，多个内镀层按顺序依次排列，用于反射也按顺序排序的一列像素(如第1个内镀层用于反射这一列像素中的第1个像素，第2个内镀层用于反射这一列像素中的第2个像素，依次类推)；在另一实施例中，也可以不设置600个，而是设置成599，595之类的数目，此时，可以将其中一个或多个内镀层的面积做得大一些，从而可以反射多个像素，在这种情况下，如果这个调整的量占总量的比重很小，那么对于用户来说，这种调整对体验几乎没有影响。
或者，如果一组像素为两列像素，则仍然可以设置多个内镀层的个数跟一列像素包括的像素个数实质相同，此时，一个内镀层可以一次性同时反射两个像素，如第一个内镀层可以一次性同时反射第1列像素和第2列像素中的第一个像素，依次类推；这里的“实质相同”含义跟上一种情形一致，这里不再赘述。
或者，如果一组像素为两列像素，可以设置多个内镀层的个数与两列像素包括的像素 个数实质相同，此时，可以设置两层内镀层，每层内镀层包括的内镀层个数与每列像素包括的像素个数相同，每一层内镀层中的各个内镀层用于反射一列像素中的各个像素。这里的“实质相同”含义跟上两种情形一致，这里不再赘述。
当然，本发明实施例并不限定上述几种方式，例如，在另一实施例中，也可以设计不同部分的内镀层用于反射不同数目的像素(如某一部分反射1个像素，某1部分反射2个像素，某一部分反射3个像素)，本领域技术人员可以根据上述几种具体的示例并结合实际情况来具体设计内镀层。只要能够取得系统要求的“景深”效果即可。
带有内镀层的半反射镜的制造技术可以采用多个现有的成熟技术，这里对其中一种制造方法进行简单介绍，例如，可以先制作一个高精度模具(如激光，或者蚀刻)，利用模具进行高精度注塑制造，生成带有斜面(即没镀膜的内镀层)的镜片，然后再对斜面进行镀膜，镀膜完成后，再进行注塑，将镜面填平，然后切割成需要的形状。
本发明实施例中，每个反射镜有激活以及非激活两种状态，每个反射镜在非激活时的位置不影响其他激活的半反射镜对需要反射的一组像素进行反射。可以通过不同的驱动方式来实现激活与非激活状态的改变。
例如：
参见图2至图5，一种可选的实现方式为：半反射镜呈长条薄板状，多个反射镜中的每个反射镜在非激活时与其他反射镜以长边对齐的方式排列成一个第一平面(如图2至图5中的xy平面)，第一平面与像素显示单元显示的一组像素所形成的光线所构成的平面平行，像素显示单元显示的像素并不会射到半反射镜中引起反射；在激活状态时，激活的半反射镜沿所述长条形的长边为轴翻转一定角度，用于将像素显示单元显示的一组像素往用户眼球球心方向反射。以图2至图5为例，由于像素显示单元显示的一组像素位于图中半反射镜组形成的平面的上方，因此，激活的半反射镜通过往上翻转的方式来反射光线，反之，如果显示的一组像素位于图中半反射镜组形成的平面的下方时，则激活的半反射镜通过往下翻转的方式来反射光线。
参见图7，另一种可选的实现方式为：半反射镜呈长条薄板状，多个反射镜中的每个反射镜在非激活时与其他反射镜在厚度方向堆叠成一个立方体，立方体在厚度方向形成的第二平面(xy平面)与像素显示单元显示的一组像素所形成的光线所构成的平面平行。此时，像素显示单元显示的一组像素所形成的光线不会被任何一个半反射镜阻挡后往眼球球心方向反射；在激活状态时，激活的半反射镜在宽度方向移动一段距离，用于将像素显示 单元显示的一组像素往用户眼球球心方向反射。以图7为例，由于像素显示单元显示的一组像素位于图中立方体下表面的下方，因此，激活的半反射镜通过往下移动一段距离来反射光线，反之，如果显示的一组像素位于图中半反射镜组形成的立方体上表面的上方时，则激活的半反射镜通过往上移动一段距离来反射光线。
本发明实施例中，每个半反射镜与一个驱动装置(如微机电系统Micro Electro-Mechanic System，MEMS)相连，每个驱动装置与处理器连接，通过接收处理器的指令来驱动半反射镜进入激活或者非激活状态。例如，以上述两种实现方式为例，可以驱动半反射镜转动一定的角度，或者在垂直方向移动一段距离。具体驱动方式可以选用公知技术中的压电器件驱动、电磁器件驱动、静电驱动等方式中的任何一种或多种。例如，参见图8，以通过压电器件驱动为例，左侧为未激活时的状态，右侧为激活时的状态，当通过加一定的电压后，压电器件长度增加h，使得半反射镜沿着转轴翻转一定的角度。如果要实现不同的角度，只需要加不同的电压即可。
如果本发明例中近眼显示器做成类似普通眼镜的形式，则驱动装置可以做到眼镜的上镜框或下镜框中。驱动装置的制造以及与半反射镜之间的连接方式都可以根据现有的制造方式以及连接方式(如粘接)实现，这里不再赘述。
实施例四
基于上述各实施例，进一步地，本发明实施例对如何实现全景显示的方法进行介绍。本发明实施例中的“全景”是指近眼显示器(具体指多个半反射镜)的投射到人眼的光线的角度可以覆盖整个眼球可接收光线的区域，并且，水平角度及俯仰角度分别大于等于人眼视野的最大水平角度及俯仰角度(如人眼视角是个椭球面，最大水平角度为155度，最大俯仰角度为135度)。当然，上述限定是比较理想的限定，实际当中，也可以根据对“全景”的具体指标要求来进行适应性调整，例如，可以适当减少一些水平角度或者俯仰角度，虽然效果会稍微下降，但从用户体验看，这种下降可能并不能感知，因此，也可以认为是“全景”。这些适应性调整为本领域技术人员所公知的技术，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
基于像素显示单元设置的不同位置，相应地，可以采用不同的方法来控制多个半反射镜激活与非激活，从而将显示的像素反射到用户眼睛。下面分别针对几个情况进行示例性说明：
(1)像素显示单元设置在一侧
在这种情况下，本发明实施例像素显示单元可以包括两部分，分别用于显示图像的两侧(如左右侧，或上下侧)，这里分别命名为第一侧像素显示单元以及第二侧像素显示单元。其中，第一侧像素显示单元用于显示一帧图像的其中一侧(如左侧)的像素，第二侧像素显示单元用于显示一帧图像的另一侧(如右侧)的像素，优选地，两侧显示的一帧图像的范围都一样大(例如，各自都显示800*600分辨率图像的400*600区域)。需要说明的是，在本实施例及其他各实施例中，这两部分在物理实现时并非要求完全独立的两部分器件实现，而是可以共同一部分器件，例如，以图9中采用DMD器件+透镜组+激光器实现像素显示单元为例，此时，可以共用透镜组和激光器，而将DMD器件设计成可以分别显示两部分像素的器件。
与之对应地，多个半反射镜也分成两部分，分别命名为第一侧半反射镜组以及第二侧半反射镜组，每侧半反射镜组都包括多个半反射镜。其中，第一侧半反射镜组中半反射镜的数量跟第一侧像素显示单元用于显示的多组像素的组数相同且分别对应；第二侧半反射镜中半反射镜的数量跟第二侧像素显示单元用于显示的多组像素的组数相同且分别对应。优选地，两侧半反射镜组以一个眼球的球心为中心实质上对称地分布在两侧，这里“实质上对称”是指在实际中并非严格地对称，而是可以有一定误差以及冗余度，例如，可以做两组个数相同且中心对称的半反射镜，但由于每个人头型、人眼位置、人眼大小都会存在一定差异，因此，在实际中放置这两组镜片组时，无法做到针对每个佩戴者都以每个佩戴者眼球的球心严格对称，佩戴后，整体偏离一定小的角度(如10％以内的角度)都是可以的；或者，两组半反射镜的个数也可以有一些小的差异，例如，一组比另一组几个反射镜。
同时，本发明实施例还加入了一个反射棱镜，本实施例中的反射棱镜的作用是将平行射入的光经过反射棱镜内部反射后以相反的方向平行地反射出去，反射棱镜的位置设置在跟像素显示单元相对的一侧。
图9为近眼显示器在xz平面的视图，如图9所示，在需要显示一帧图像时，当第一侧像素显示单元显示一组像素时，通过激活多个第一侧半反射镜组中与这组像素对应的一个半反射镜来将显示的像素直接反射到眼睛；图10仍为近眼显示器在xz平面的视图，如图10所示，当第二侧像素显示单元显示一组像素时，并不直接通过第二侧半反射镜来将显示的一组像素反射到眼睛，而是借助于反射棱镜进行反射，即先通过反射棱镜将第二侧像素显示单元反射到第二侧半反射镜组中的一个半反射镜，然后再通过该半反射镜反射到眼睛。
通过配合反射棱镜，可以让第二侧像素显示单元显示的一组像素折射回来，再射到第二侧半反射镜组中的半反射镜，而第二侧半反射镜组相对于第一侧半反射镜组来说是位于眼球的另一侧，从而使得眼球可以接受另一侧角度反射过来的光，扩大了眼球平面接收光的角度，很好地实现了全景显示。
(2)像素显示单元在两侧
参见图11、图12，针对一个眼球，像素显示单元也可以分别位于眼球的两侧，例如，以眼镜为例，其中一个位于镜腿，另一个位于鼻梁架。
针对这种情况，相比于第(1)种情况，其中一侧的像素显示单元相当于第(1)种情况中的第一侧像素显示单元，另一侧的像素显示单元相当于第(1)种情况中的第二侧像素显示单元；与之对应的，也可以分别设置沿眼球对称的两侧半反射镜组。
此时，可以省去反射棱镜，而通过两侧的像素显示单元分别显示多组像素，让对应侧的半反射镜组来反射的方式实现将光从多个角度反射到眼球，例如，图11中，左侧像素显示单元显示的多组像素通过右侧半反射镜组来反射，图12中，右侧像素显示单元显示的多组像素通过左侧半反射镜组来反射，从而实现全景显示。
以上举例的为几种常见的实现方式，在其他实施例中，像素显示单元以及多个半反射镜也可以设置在其他位置，本领域技术人员可以结合上述实施例来对其他实施例中的一些方式进行适合性调整，使之能够达到全景显示的效果。
实施例五
基于上述各个实施例，本发明实施例基于一种具体的实现方式对近眼显示器的工作原理进行具体介绍，本实施例中的近眼显示器被设计成常规眼镜的形状，用户可以通过眼镜本身的镜片来观察实景，并且，还可以通过本实施例中提供的显示方式来观看眼镜本身发出的图像。
本发明实施例中的近眼显示器中的像素显示单元像素设置在近眼显示器的一侧(图中的右侧，实际中一个镜腿的位置)，包括DMD器件、激光器、扩速透镜1以及扩速透镜2，用于显示以列扫描方式进行输出图像，图中标“L”的部分表示显示图像的左侧部分，图中标“R”的部分表示显示图像的右侧部分。为了表述方便，这里并未将处理器等其他器件在图中示意。
本明实施例中的多个半反射镜在非激活状态时，多个半反射镜排列成一个平面，在激 活时偏转一个角度来反射像素。如图9、图10所示，多个半反射镜以经过眼睛的轴线为中心分成两部分，左侧部分用于反射图像显示单元显示的图像的左侧部分，右侧部分用于反射图像显示单元显示的图像的右侧部分。为了配合右侧部分的反射，这里还加了一个反射棱镜，即图中所示的R侧反射棱镜。
图中所示的各个参数的含义如下：
Wm：半反射镜宽度，包括半反射镜物理宽度以及两个半反射镜之间的间距；
Figure PCTCN2015095708-appb-000001
第i个(i为大于等于0的整数)半反射镜单元激活时与水平面呈的夹角，正对眼球球心的半反射镜单元编号为0，向左右两侧依次递增；
Wma：镜面阵列宽度，其数值等于半反射镜单元数量乘以Wm；
Wp：一组像素宽度，为每次一个半反射镜单元激活时，DMD器件上显示的一组像素的总宽度；
D：半反射镜组平面距离眼球球心的距离；
T：整个近眼显示器眼前部分厚度；
Tm：半反射镜厚度；
Wg：半反射镜间隙；
各参数间满足如下关系式：
Figure PCTCN2015095708-appb-000002
i≠0,i∈正整数          (公式11)
θ(i)＝45(deg)；i＝0             (公式12)
Figure PCTCN2015095708-appb-000003
             (公式13)
Figure PCTCN2015095708-appb-000004
              (公式14)
Wg≥Tm          (公式15)
其中，
公式11、12用于限定每个半反射镜片激活时会将显示的一组像素往眼球球心的方向反射；
公式13用于限定整个眼镜镜片厚度要满足放置反射棱镜的要求；
公式14用于限定半反射镜的镜片的宽度和像素列宽的关系，如果不满足的话，像素会显示不全；
公式15用于限定半反射镜的镜片间距和厚度，如果不满足这个要求，无法实现翻转。
参见图13，为本发明实施例中半反射镜在y、z截面的视图。如图b所示，半反射镜单元采用内置反射镀层的方式，半反射镜基材采用折射率为n的材料制成，厚度为Tm。内镀层被划分为水平方向宽度为Wr，间隔Wrg(i)的斜置平面单元，一共包含2N+1个单元，内镀层单元索引i以中轴处为0，分别向左、右递增。第i个内镀层的平面与图示水平面的夹角
Figure PCTCN2015095708-appb-000005
以及与上一个单元的间隔Wrg(i)由公式21，22以及23推导得到。所有水平入射光将被聚焦到图示中轴线上，距离镜面Df的焦点上。
Figure PCTCN2015095708-appb-000006
j为正整数        (公式21)
Figure PCTCN2015095708-appb-000007
         (公式22)
Figure PCTCN2015095708-appb-000008
              (公式23)
内镀层斜置不会对透射光造成畸变影响，仅会对反射光进行聚焦，聚焦到焦点F处。在半反射镜组中，第i片半反射镜单元的焦距Df(i)满足公式24：
Figure PCTCN2015095708-appb-000009
            (公式24)
参见图14，基于上述条件，本发明实施例中一帧图像的扫描过程包括：
S301、进入初始态，所有半反射镜单元处于非激活态，DMD所有像素非激活，执行S302；
S302、置变量i＝N/2(N为半反射镜单元总数)，执行S303；
S303、左侧像素激活：向DMD器件L部分送第i列像素信息，R部分保持全黑；执行S304；
S304、判断i是否等于0，如果是，执行S309，如果否，执行S305；
S305、左侧第i个半反射镜激活，角度如公式11所示；执行S306；
S306、左侧像素去激活：DMD器件全部像素为全黑；执行S307；
S307、左侧第i个半反射镜去激活，恢复到水平状态；执行S308；
S308、置i等于i-1；执行S303；
S309、中轴处半反射镜激活，角度等于45度；执行S310；
S310、左侧像素去激活：DMD器件全部像素为全黑状态；执行S311；
S311、中轴处半反射镜去激活，恢复到水平状态；执行S312；
S312、i＝i+1；执行S313；
S313、右侧像素激活：向DMD器件R部分送第i列像素信息，L部分保持全黑；执行S314；
S314、右侧第i个半反射镜激活，角度如公式11所示；执行S315；
S315、右侧像素去激活：DMD器件全部像素为全黑状态；执行S316；
S316、右侧第i个反射镜去激活，恢复到水平状态；执行S317；
S317、判断i是否等于N/2，如果是，执行S318，如果否执行S312；
S318、单帧图像显示扫描周期结束。
通过本发明实施例，由于是在镜片本身基本上再进行图像显示，因此，可以实现实景与显示图像的叠加，同时，由于每个半反射镜都能通过内置的镀层来将一组像素进行反射，从而可以实现很好的景深效果；再者，本发明实施例配合一个反射棱镜来实现在一个大的视野范围内将光线往眼球球心方向反射，从而很好地实现了全景效果。
实施例六
参见图7，图15以及图16，基于上述各个实施例，本发明实施例基于一种具体的实现方式对近眼显示器的工作原理进行具体介绍。本实施例中的近眼显示器与实施例五中的基本相同，但多个半反射镜部分使用实施例三中介绍的，如图7所示的垂直对齐排列的方式来反射。
其中，图15为反射左侧光时在xz平面的原理示意图，图16为反射右侧光时在xz平面的原理示意图，两个中的各个参数及其关系如下：
Wm：半反射镜宽度，跟上一个实施例不同，这里不包括间距；
Figure PCTCN2015095708-appb-000010
第i(i为大于等于0的整数)个半反射镜单元内镀层单元与水平面呈的夹角；正对眼球球心的半反射镜单元编号为0，向左右两侧依次递增；
Wma：镜面阵列宽度，其数值等于半反射镜单元数量乘以(Wm+Wg)；
Wp：一组像素宽度，为每次一个半反射镜单元激活时，DMD器件上显示的一组像素的总宽度；
D：半反射镜组平面距离眼球球心的距离。
T：整个近眼显示器眼前部分厚度
Tm：半反射镜厚度；
Wg：半反射镜间隙；
n：镜片材料折射率；
各个参数之间满足以下公式：
Figure PCTCN2015095708-appb-000011
i≠0，i∈正整数       (公式31)
θ(i)＝45(deg)；i＝0        (公式32)
Figure PCTCN2015095708-appb-000012
             (公式33)
Wg≥Tm         (公式34)
各个半反射镜单元中各个内镀层的设置与实施例五中一样，本领域技术人员可以参见图13，公式21-24及相关描述进行设置，这里不再赘述。
参见图17，基于上述条件，本发明实施例中一帧图像的扫描过程包括：
S501、进入初始态，所有半反射镜单元处于非激活态，DMD所有像素非激活，执行S502；
S502、置变量i＝N/2(N为半反射镜单元总数)，执行S503；
S503、左侧像素激活：向DMD器件L部分送第i列像素信息，R部分保持全黑；执行S504；
S504、判断i是否等于0，如果是，执行S509，如果否，执行S505；
S505、左侧第i个半反射镜激活，角度如公式11所示；执行S506；
S506、左侧像素去激活：DMD器件全部像素为全黑；执行S507；
S507、左侧第i个半反射镜去激活，恢复到水平状态；执行S508；
S508、置i等于i-1；执行S503；
S509、中轴处半反射镜激活，角度等于45度；执行S510；
S510、左侧像素去激活：DMD器件全部像素为全黑状态；执行S511；
S511、中轴处半反射镜去激活，恢复到水平状态；执行S512；
S512、i＝i+1；执行S513；
S513、右侧像素激活：向DMD器件R部分送第i列像素信息，L部分保持全黑；执行S514；
S514、右侧第i个半反射镜激活，角度如公式11所示；执行S515；
S515、右侧像素去激活：DMD器件全部像素为全黑状态；执行S516；
S516、右侧第i个反射镜去激活，恢复到水平状态；执行S517；
S517、判断i是否等于N/2，如果是，执行S518，如果否执行S512；
S518、单帧图像显示扫描周期结束。
与实施例五一样，本发明实施例也能在实现实景与图像的叠加，并且通过全景且立体的方式显示图像，更好地提升用户体验。
实施例七
参见图18，基于上述各实施例，本发明实施例提供了一种带有眼球检测功能的近眼显示器。
还设置有分光片以及感光器件阵列，分光片用于将眼球反射的光反射到感光器件阵列，感光器件阵列根据分光片反射过来的光生成对应的数据进行存储；此时，会在感光器件阵列中保存的数据能够反映出一份眼球的图像，与之相连的处理器可以根据感光器件阵列中存储的数据来进行眼球检测，识别出眼处于的位置、状态，并根据眼球的位置、状态等各处信息来执行不同的操作动作。例如，如果识别到人眼处于长时间闭合时，关闭近眼显示器，或者，识别到人眼快速闪动时，暂停视频播放等。
实施例八
参见图19，基于上述各实施例，本发明实施例提供了一种近眼显示器，本实施例中，针对左右眼各设置一套近眼显示系统(如都包括像素显示单元，多个半反镜，反射棱镜)，如图19所示，两套系统对称设置，如果需要获得很好的全景显示效果，可以如上述实施例中的让左右两套系统都先显示一帧图像的一部分(如左侧)，再显示另一部分(如右侧)。此时，图19中右侧一套近眼显示系统的工作原理可以按实施例五中的举例的进行工作，左侧一套近眼显示系统可以进行适应性调整，即先通过反射棱镜以及左侧多个半反射镜将左侧图像的像素反射到眼睛，再通过右侧多个半反射镜(不经过反射棱镜)将右侧图像的像素反射到眼睛。
本发明实施例中，由于双眼都能够观察，因此，在前述各个实施例所能达到的效果之上，进一步增强了视觉体验。
实施例九
参见图20，基于上述各个实施例，本发明实施例提供了一种近眼显示器，包括：
多个半反射镜93，每个反射镜可由一个驱动装置94驱动；
像素显示单元92；
处理器91，存储器95，存储器用于存储处理器执行程序所需的代码以及运行时的数据；
处理器与像素显示单元以及每个驱动装置相连，通过执行程序，一方面用于控制像素 显示单元以上述各个实施例描述的方式显示像素，另一方面，在需要激活的半反射镜的时候，控制驱动装置(如MEMS)来驱动半反射镜处于激活状态，使之能够反射像素到眼睛。
其中，有关半反射镜、驱动装置、像素显示单元的具体介绍可以参见前述各个实施例，这里不再赘述。
在具体形态上，近眼显示器可以被做成眼镜的样子，其中，镜腿中放置像素显示单元、处理器以及存储器，镜片由所述多个半反射镜构成，驱动装置可放置在镜框上部或下部。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，的程序可存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory，ROM)或随机存储记忆体(Random Access Memory，RAM)等。
上列较佳实施例，对本发明的目的、技术方案和优点进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种近眼显示设备，其特征在于，包括：
    像素显示单元，用于显示通过扫描方式输出的每一帧图像中的多组像素，其中，每组像素包括多个子像素单元，每个子像素单元包括至少一个像素；
    多个半反射镜，每个所述半反射镜一一对应于所述像素显示单元显示的每一组像素，每个半反射镜包括按不同反射角度设置的多个内镀层，每个内镀层一一对应于与其所在的半反射镜对应的一组像素中的多个子像素单元；
    每个所述半反射镜用于在需要反射与其对应的一组像素时被激活，并通过其包括的所有内镀层向一个眼球球心方向反射与每个内镀层一一对应的每个子像素单元。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于：
    所述多个半反射镜投射到人眼的光线的角度覆盖整个眼球可接收光线的区域，并且，投射到人眼的光线所形成的水平角度及俯仰角度分别大于等于人眼视野的最大水平角度及俯仰角度。
  3. 如权利要求1-2任一所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于：
    所述像素显示单元具体包括第一侧像素显示单元以及第二侧像素显示单元，所述第一侧像素显示单元用于显示所述通过扫描方式输出的每一帧图像中位于图像第一侧的多组像素，所述第二侧像素显示单元用于显示所述通过扫描方式输出的每一帧图像中位于图像第二侧的多组像素；每一帧所述图像中位于所述图像第一侧的多组像素以及所述位于所述图像第二侧的多组像素构成一帧图像；
    所述多个半反射镜具体包括多个第一侧半反射镜以及多个第二侧半反射镜；所述多个第一侧半反射镜与所述第一侧像素显示单元显示的多组像素分别对应，所述多个第二侧半反射镜与所述第二侧像素显示单元显示的多组像素分别对应；
    所述显示器还包括：反射棱镜，用于反射所述第二侧显示单元显示的一组像素；
    所述多个第一侧半反射镜中的每一个半反射镜用于在需要反射所述第一侧像素显示单元显示的一组像素时被激活，并在激活后通过各个内镀层将所述显示的一组像素反射到眼睛；
    所述多个第二侧半反射镜中的每一个半反射镜用于在需要反射所述第二侧像素显示单元显示的一组像素时被激活，并在激活后通过各个内镀层将经过所述反射棱镜反射的所述第二侧像素显示单元显示的一组像素往眼球球心方向反射。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于：
    所述第一侧像素显示单元为左侧像素显示单元，所述第二侧像素显示单元为右侧像素显示单元；
    所述第一侧像素显示单元用于显示所述通过扫描方式输出的每一帧图像中位于图像第一侧的多组像素时，具体用于：显示通过列扫描方式输出的每一帧图像中位于图像左侧的多组像素；
    所述第二侧像素显示单元用于显示所述通过扫描方式输出的每一帧图像中位于图像第二侧的多组像素时，具体用于：显示通过列扫描方式输出的第一帧图像中位于图右侧的多组像素。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于：
    所述像素显示单元采用列扫描方式输出每一帧图像的多组像素，每一组像素为一列或者多列像素；
    当每一组像素为一列像素时，每个半反射镜中的内镀层个数与一列像素中像素的个数相等，每个内镀层分别对应于一列像素中的每个像素；
    或者，当每一组像素为多列像素时，每个半反射镜中的内镀层个数与一列像素中的像素的个数相等，每个内镀层分别对应于多列像素中的每一行的多个像素；
    或者，当每一组像素为多列像素时，每个半反射镜中的内镀层个数与多列像素中的像素的个数相等，每个内镀层一一对应于多列像素中的每个像素。
  6. 如权利要求1-5任一所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于：
    所述多个半反射镜中的每个半反射镜在非激活时的位置不对发射到激活的半反射镜的光进行阻挡。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于：
    所述半反射镜呈实质上为长条形的形状，所述多个内镀层沿所述长条形的长度方向排列。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于：
    所述半反射镜呈长条薄板状，所述多个反射镜中的每个反射镜在非激活时与其他反射镜以长边对齐的方式排列成一个第一平面，所述第一平面与像素显示单元显示的一组像素所形成的光线所构成的平面平行。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于：
    正常佩戴眼镜时，眼镜镜片所在的平面和一个垂直于水平面的一个矩形平面等效，其中，矩形平面包括两条长边以及两条短边，所述眼镜镜片的长边视为x轴，所述眼镜镜片的短边视为y轴，垂直于x轴和y轴构成的xy平面的一条线为z轴；
    所述第一平面与x轴，y轴形成的平面平行。
  10. 如权利要求7-9任一所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于：
    在激活状态时，激活的半反射镜沿所述长条形的长边为轴翻转一定角度。
  11. 如权利要求7所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于：
    所述半反射镜呈长条薄板状，所述多个反射镜中的每个反射镜在非激活时与其他反射镜在厚度方向堆叠成一个立方体，所述立方体在厚度方向形成的第二平面与像素显示单元显示的一组像素所形成的光线所构成的平面平行。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于：
    在激活状态时，激活的半反射镜沿所述长条形的宽度方向移动一段距离；
    正常佩戴眼镜时，眼镜镜片所在的平面和一个垂直于水平面的一个矩形平面等效，其中，矩形平面包括两条长边以及两条短边，所述眼镜镜片的长边视为x轴，所述眼镜镜片的短边视为y轴，垂直于x轴和y轴构成的xy平面的一条线为z轴；
    所述第二平面与x轴，y轴形成的平面平行。
  13. 如权利要求7、11-12任一所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于：
    在激活状态时，激活的半反射镜沿所述长条形的宽度方向移动一段距离。
  14. 如权利要求1-13任一所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于：所述近眼显示器还包括：处理器；
    所述处理器用于控制所述像素显示单元通过扫描方式输出每一帧图像中的多组像素；
    所述处理器还用于控制与所述像素显示单元输出的一组像素对应的一个半反射镜激活。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于，所述近眼显示器还包括：分光片以及感光器件阵列；
    所述分光片用于将眼球反射的光反射到所述感光器件阵列；
    所述感光器件阵列根据所述分光片反射过来的光生成对应的数据进行存储；
    所述处理器还用于根据所述感光器件阵列中存储的数据进行眼球检测，并根据检测结果执行对应的操作动作。
  16. 如权利要求1-15任一所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于：
    所述每一帧图像通过列扫描的方式输出，每一组像素为一列；
    多个半反射镜的个数等于所述每一帧图像的列数。
  17. 如权利要求1-16任一所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于：
    每个内镀层只对光进行一次反射。
  18. 如权利要求1-17任一所述的近眼显示器，其特征在于：
    所述像素显示单元具体用于通过输出平行光的方式显示通过扫描方式输出的每一帧图像中的多组像素。
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