WO2016107383A1 - 一种带有堆积床结构多孔介质燃烧器 - Google Patents

一种带有堆积床结构多孔介质燃烧器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016107383A1
WO2016107383A1 PCT/CN2015/096771 CN2015096771W WO2016107383A1 WO 2016107383 A1 WO2016107383 A1 WO 2016107383A1 CN 2015096771 W CN2015096771 W CN 2015096771W WO 2016107383 A1 WO2016107383 A1 WO 2016107383A1
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porous medium
burner
inner cylinder
cylinder
stacked bed
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PCT/CN2015/096771
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English (en)
French (fr)
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林柏泉
代华明
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中国矿业大学
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/66—Preheating the combustion air or gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/82—Preventing flashback or blowback
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a porous medium burner with a stacked bed structure, which is especially suitable for burning low-calorific gas such as coal mine low-concentration gas, low-concentration natural gas, blast furnace gas, and heat exchanger tubes of various shapes.
  • low-calorific gas such as coal mine low-concentration gas, low-concentration natural gas, blast furnace gas, and heat exchanger tubes of various shapes.
  • Porous media combustion technology has the characteristics of high combustion efficiency, wide lean limit, good flame stability and low pollutant emission. Compared with traditional free-flame combustion technology, it is very suitable for coal mine low concentration gas, low concentration natural gas, blast furnace gas. The combustion of low calorific value gases.
  • the main structure of a porous medium burner is a burner composed of a ceramic foam or a honeycomb ceramic and a burner composed of a packed bed structure.
  • foam ceramics and honeycomb ceramics are a fixed structure, and the shape is fixed as long as it is processed.
  • the structure has high porosity and large specific surface area, which contributes to heat exchange and low-calorific value gas combustion.
  • the packed bed structure is a discrete form that satisfies the needs of various burner shapes and heat exchanger shapes, but it has a low porosity and is inferior to the foamed ceramic or honeycomb ceramic structure in heat transfer.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art and to provide a porous medium burner with a packed bed structure which has a simple structure, a high porosity, a large specific surface area, and contributes to enhanced heat exchange.
  • the porous medium burner with stacked bed structure of the invention comprises an air inlet tube and a gradient type tube connected with the air inlet tube, the upper end of the gradient type tube is connected with an inner tube, and the outer layer of the inner tube is wrapped with an insulation layer,
  • the lower part of the inner layer of the cylinder is filled with an anti-tempering perforated plate, and a fixed-type porous medium is disposed above the anti-tempering perforated plate, and a packed bed medium is disposed above or in the middle of the shaped porous medium.
  • the inner cylinder is a cylinder or a square cylinder.
  • the structure of the stacked bed medium is small spherical, filamentous, or flake-shaped, and the material is alumina, silicon carbide, cordierite, or mullite.
  • the insulating layer has a thickness of 3 to 10 cm.
  • the inner cylinder is a high temperature resistant metal inner cylinder or a ceramic inner cylinder.
  • the shaped porous medium is a ceramic foam or honeycomb ceramic structure.
  • the present invention overcomes the installation of a conventional shaped burner heat exchanger Complex, the problem of low porosity of the stacked bed structure burner has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
  • the burner can place various shapes of heat exchange tubes in the packed bed part of the burner, which is simple and convenient.
  • the main part of the burner is a shaped porous medium structure with high porosity and large specific surface area, which helps To enhance heat exchange and achieve full combustion of low calorific value gas;
  • a perforated plate is installed in the lower part of the burner, which helps to prevent flame from burning back and improves the safety of the equipment.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an example of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the porous medium burner with stacked bed structure of the present invention mainly comprises a gradient type cylinder 1, an insulation layer 2, an inner cylinder 3, a packed bed medium 4, a shaped porous medium 5, a perforated plate 6, and an intake pipe 7.
  • the progressive cylinder 1 has a flared shape, and the opening is connected upwardly to the intake pipe 7, and the upper end of the progressive cylinder 1 is connected to the inner cylinder 3, and the inner cylinder 3 is a high temperature resistant metal inner cylinder or a ceramic inner cylinder.
  • the outer layer of the inner cylinder 3 is wrapped with the heat insulating layer 2, and the thickness of the heat insulating layer 2 is 3 to 10 cm; the lower portion of the inner layer of the inner cylinder 3 is filled with an anti-tempering perforated plate 6, which is disposed above the perforated plate 6.
  • the shaped porous medium 5 is a foamed ceramic or honeycomb ceramic structure.
  • a stacked bed medium 4 made of alumina, silicon carbide, cordierite, or mullite is disposed above or in the middle of the shaped porous medium 5, and the inner cylinder 3 may have a cylindrical structure or a square structure.
  • the structure of the packed bed medium 4 is a pellet, a sheet, or a filament, and the packed bed medium 4 is located at the upper or middle portion of the shaped porous medium 5.
  • low-calorific gas such as low-concentration gas, low-concentration natural gas and blast furnace gas in coal mine enters the inlet pipe and flows into the perforated plate 6 under the variable diameter of the gradient cylinder.
  • the gas passes through the perforated plate 6, it enters the shaped porous
  • the medium 5 and the packed bed medium 4 are in the combustion chamber, and then flow out of the burner under the diversion of the inner cylinder 3, and the low calorific value gas is ignited by the igniter at the outlet of the burner, and the gas begins to burn, and the flame is generated by the combustion. It propagates downward into the combustion chamber and achieves stable combustion therein.
  • the heat generated by the combustion is transferred by the heat exchanger disposed in the packed bed medium, and the flue gas generated by the combustion is led out from the inner cylinder.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Abstract

一种带有堆积床结构多孔介质燃烧器。其中，燃烧器包括进气管（7）和与进气管（7）相连的渐变型筒（1），渐变型筒（1）的上端与内筒（3）相连，内筒（3）的外层包裹着保温层（2），内筒（3）的内层下部区域填充有穿孔板（6），位于穿孔板（6）的上方设有定形类多孔介质（5），定形类多孔介质（5）的上方或中部设有堆积床介质（4）。该燃烧器适用于各种形状换热管的安置，操作方便，燃烧效率高，能有效防止火焰回燃，提升了设备的安全性。

Description

一种带有堆积床结构多孔介质燃烧器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种带有堆积床结构多孔介质燃烧器，尤其适用于煤矿低浓度瓦斯、低浓度天然气、高炉煤气等低热值气体的燃烧，以及安置多种形状的换热管。
背景技术
多孔介质燃烧技术具有燃烧效率高，贫燃极限宽，火焰稳定性好，以及污染物排放低的特点，相比传统的自由火焰燃烧技术，非常适合于煤矿低浓度瓦斯、低浓度天然气、高炉煤气等低热值气体的燃烧。
目前，多孔介质燃烧器的主要结构为由泡沫陶瓷或蜂窝陶瓷组成的燃烧器和由堆积床结构组成的燃烧器。其中，泡沫陶瓷和蜂窝陶瓷是一种固定的结构，只要加工好之后，其形状是固定不变的，该结构孔隙率高，比表面积大，有助于热量交换并实现低热值气体燃烧。堆积床结构是一种离散式的形态，可以满足各种燃烧器形状和换热器形状的需求，但是它的孔隙率低，在换热上不及泡沫陶瓷或者蜂窝陶瓷结构。
现有的燃烧器都是单一的定形类(泡沫陶瓷或蜂窝陶瓷)燃烧器或者离散式的堆积床结构燃烧器，前者形状固定不利于放置换热器，后者孔隙率低不利于热量交换，成为工程实际中面临的主要难题。
发明内容
技术问题：本发明的目的是克服已有技术中存在的问题，提供了一种结构简单、孔隙率高、比表面积大、有助于加强热量交换的带有堆积床结构多孔介质燃烧器。
技术方案：本发明的带有堆积床结构多孔介质燃烧器，包括进气管、与进气管相连的渐变型筒，渐变型筒的上端相连有内筒，内筒的外层包裹有保温层，内筒的内层下部区域填充有防回火穿孔板，防回火穿孔板的上方设有定形类多孔介质，定形类多孔介质的上方或中部设有堆积床介质。
所述的内筒为圆柱体或方形柱体。
所述的堆积床介质的结构为小球状、丝状、或薄片状，材质为氧化铝、碳化硅、堇青石、或莫来石。
所述的保温层的厚度为3～10cm。
所述的内筒为耐高温金属型内筒或陶瓷型内筒。
所述的定形类多孔介质为泡沫陶瓷或蜂窝陶瓷结构。
有益效果：由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明克服了已有定形类燃烧器换热器安装 复杂，堆积床结构燃烧器孔隙率较低的问题，与现有技术相比具有如下优点：
1.燃烧器能够将各种形状的换热管安置在燃烧器中的堆积床部位，简单方便，同时，燃烧器的主体部位是定形类多孔介质结构，孔隙率高，比表面积大，有助于加强热量交换，实现低热值气体的充分燃烧；
2.在燃烧器的下部安装了穿孔板，有利于防止火焰回燃，提升了设备的安全性。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实例一结构示意图。
图2是本发明的实例二结构示意图。
图中：1-渐变型筒，2-保温层，3-内筒，4-堆积床介质，5-定形类多孔介质，6-穿孔板，7-进气管。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明的一个实施例作进一步的描述：
本发明的带有堆积床结构多孔介质燃烧器，主要由渐变型筒1、保温层2、内筒3、堆积床介质4、定形类多孔介质5、穿孔板6、进气管7构成。渐变型筒1呈喇叭状，开口向上连接在进气管7上，渐变型筒1的上端与内筒3相连，所述的内筒3为耐高温金属型内筒或陶瓷型内筒。内筒3的外层包裹着保温层2，所述的保温层2的厚度为3～10cm；内筒3的内层下部区域填充有防回火穿孔板6，位于穿孔板6的上方设有的定形类多孔介质5，所述的定形类多孔介质5为泡沫陶瓷或蜂窝陶瓷结构。定形类多孔介质5的上方或中部设有氧化铝、碳化硅、堇青石、或莫来石等材质的堆积床介质4，所述的内筒3结构可为圆柱体型结构或方形体结构，所述的堆积床介质4的结构为小球、薄片状、或丝状，堆积床介质4位于定形类多孔介质5的上部或者中部。
工作原理：煤矿低浓度瓦斯、低浓度天然气、高炉煤气等低热值气体由进气管进入，在渐变型筒的变径作用下流入穿孔板6，当气体穿过穿孔板6之后，进入定形类多孔介质5和堆积床介质4组成的燃烧室中，然后在内筒3的导流作用下流出燃烧器，在燃烧器的出口通过点火器对低热值气体进行点火，气体开始燃烧，燃烧产生的火焰向下传播进入燃烧室内，并在其中实现稳定燃烧，燃烧产生的热量通过在堆积床介质中的安置换热器转移，燃烧产生的烟气由内筒导出燃烧器。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种带有堆积床结构多孔介质燃烧器，其特征在于：包括进气管(7)、与进气管(7)相连的渐变型筒(1)，渐变型筒(1)的上端相连有内筒(3)，内筒(3)的外层包裹有保温层(2)，内筒(3)的内层下部区域填充有防回火穿孔板(6)，防回火穿孔板(6)的上方设有定形类多孔介质(5)，定形类多孔介质(5)的上方或中部设有堆积床介质(4)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的带有堆积床结构多孔介质燃烧器，其特征在于：所述的内筒(3)为圆柱体或方形柱体。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的带有堆积床结构多孔介质燃烧器，其特征在于：所述的堆积床介质(4)的结构为小球状、薄片状、或丝状，材质为氧化铝、碳化硅、堇青石、或莫来石。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的带有堆积床结构多孔介质燃烧器，其特征在于：所述的保温层(2)的厚度为3～10cm。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的带有堆积床结构多孔介质燃烧器，其特征在于：所述的内筒(3)为耐高温金属型内筒或陶瓷型内筒。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的带有堆积床结构多孔介质燃烧器，其特征在于：所述的定形类多孔介质(5)为泡沫陶瓷或蜂窝陶瓷结构。
PCT/CN2015/096771 2015-01-04 2015-12-09 一种带有堆积床结构多孔介质燃烧器 WO2016107383A1 (zh)

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