WO2016107268A1 - 色彩调整方法及装置 - Google Patents

色彩调整方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016107268A1
WO2016107268A1 PCT/CN2015/093406 CN2015093406W WO2016107268A1 WO 2016107268 A1 WO2016107268 A1 WO 2016107268A1 CN 2015093406 W CN2015093406 W CN 2015093406W WO 2016107268 A1 WO2016107268 A1 WO 2016107268A1
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Prior art keywords
color space
frame data
linear
target
data
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PCT/CN2015/093406
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘安昱
纪传舜
李国盛
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Xiaomi Inc
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Xiaomi Inc
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Priority to MX2016002106A priority Critical patent/MX357644B/es
Priority to BR112016009890-0A priority patent/BR112016009890B1/pt
Priority to JP2016567123A priority patent/JP6605503B2/ja
Priority to RU2016111924A priority patent/RU2628532C1/ru
Priority to KR1020167007427A priority patent/KR101766867B1/ko
Publication of WO2016107268A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016107268A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/90—Determination of colour characteristics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
    • G06T1/60—Memory management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/2003—Display of colours
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/02—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the way in which colour is displayed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/40—Analysis of texture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
    • G06V10/40—Extraction of image or video features
    • G06V10/56—Extraction of image or video features relating to colour
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
    • G06V10/40—Extraction of image or video features
    • G06V10/60—Extraction of image or video features relating to illumination properties, e.g. using a reflectance or lighting model
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0271—Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping
    • G09G2320/0276—Adjustment of the gradation levels within the range of the gradation scale, e.g. by redistribution or clipping for the purpose of adaptation to the characteristics of a display device, i.e. gamma correction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0666—Adjustment of display parameters for control of colour parameters, e.g. colour temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0673—Adjustment of display parameters for control of gamma adjustment, e.g. selecting another gamma curve
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2340/00—Aspects of display data processing
    • G09G2340/06—Colour space transformation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2360/00—Aspects of the architecture of display systems
    • G09G2360/18—Use of a frame buffer in a display terminal, inclusive of the display panel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/02—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the way in which colour is displayed
    • G09G5/06—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the way in which colour is displayed using colour palettes, e.g. look-up tables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/46—Colour picture communication systems
    • H04N1/56—Processing of colour picture signals
    • H04N1/60—Colour correction or control
    • H04N1/6002—Corrections within particular colour systems

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of computer graphics, and in particular, to a color adjustment method and apparatus.
  • the display screen of mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablets can display more and more saturated colors, and the term is called a wide color gamut display range.
  • the same picture will have different display effects on different displays, which is our common color cast phenomenon.
  • the background color of a picture is light red, it will be redder on the wide color gamut screen, and the color will be more intense; on the narrow color gamut screen, the display will be lighter, and there will be obvious display chromatic aberration.
  • the present disclosure provides a color adjustment method and apparatus.
  • a color adjustment method including:
  • the frame data of the linear original color space is obtained by mapping the frame data from the original color space to the linear original color space by degamma correction processing;
  • the frame data of the linear target color space is gamma-corrected using the target gamma coefficient to obtain frame data of the target color space.
  • a color adjustment apparatus comprising:
  • An acquisition module configured to obtain frame data from a frame buffer
  • a gamma correction module configured to remove frame data acquired by the acquisition module from the original color by degamma correction processing Mapping to a linear original color space to obtain frame data of a linear original color space;
  • mapping module configured to map frame data of a linear original color space obtained by the degamma correction module to a linear target color space to obtain frame data of the linear target color space
  • the gamma correction module is configured to perform gamma correction on the frame data of the linear target color space obtained by the mapping module by using the target gamma coefficient to obtain frame data of the target color space.
  • a color adjustment apparatus comprising:
  • a memory for storing processor executable instructions
  • processor is configured to:
  • the frame data of the linear original color space is obtained by mapping the frame data from the original color space to the linear original color space by degamma correction processing;
  • the frame data of the linear target color space is gamma-corrected using the target gamma coefficient to obtain frame data of the target color space.
  • the frame data after de-gamma correction processing is mapped to the linear target color space, and gamma correction is performed with the target gamma coefficient to obtain a frame of the target color space.
  • the data solves the problem that the display performance of the same frame data on different devices is inconsistent, and the effect that the same frame data is consistent on different devices is achieved.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a color adjustment method according to an exemplary embodiment
  • 2A is a flowchart of a color adjustment method according to another exemplary embodiment
  • 2B is a flowchart of a de-gamma correction method according to an exemplary embodiment
  • 2C is a schematic diagram of a frame data conversion according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a color adjustment apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a color adjustment apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an apparatus for color adjustment, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the target devices in this article can be mobile phones, tablets, e-book readers, MP3 players (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III), MP4 (Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer IV, dynamic Video experts compress standard audio layers 4) players, laptops and desktop computers, and more.
  • MP3 players Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III
  • MP4 Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer IV, dynamic Video experts compress standard audio layers 4
  • the color space is used to describe the color.
  • the commonly used color spaces are RGB (Red, Green, Blue; red, green, blue), CMY (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow; cyan, magenta, yellow), HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value; Hue, saturation, brightness, etc., in which sRGB (standard Red, Green, Blue; standard red, green, blue) color space jointly developed by Microsoft and Hewlett-Packard, Mitsubishi, Epson and other manufacturers as a universal color standard, can be Most of the target devices are supported.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a color adjustment method applied to a target device according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1 , the color adjustment method includes the following steps.
  • step 101 frame data is obtained from a frame buffer.
  • step 102 frame data is mapped from the original color space to the linear original color space by a degamma correction process to obtain frame data of the linear original color space.
  • step 103 the frame data of the linear original color space is mapped to the linear target color space to obtain frame data of the linear target color space.
  • step 104 the frame data of the linear target color space is gamma-corrected using the target gamma coefficient to obtain frame data of the target color space.
  • the color adjustment method provided by the present disclosure performs de-gamma correction on frame data in a frame buffer. Then, the frame data after the gamma correction processing is mapped to the linear target color space, and the gamma correction is performed by the target gamma coefficient to obtain the frame data of the target color space, thereby solving the display effect of the same frame data on different devices. Inconsistent problems have achieved the same effect of displaying the same frame data on different devices.
  • FIG. 2A illustrates an example in which the original color space is CIE (Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage) xyY color space, and the target color space is sRGB color space. among them:
  • the linear CIE xyY color space is gamma corrected and mapped to the CIE xyY color space. After the CIE xyY color space is degamma corrected, a linear CIE xyY color space is obtained.
  • the linear sRGB color space is gamma corrected and mapped to the sRGB color space. After the sRGB color space is degamma corrected, a linear sRGB color space is obtained.
  • FIG. 2A is a flowchart of a color adjustment method applied to a target device and implemented by an application running on a bottom layer of the target device, as shown in FIG. 2A, according to another exemplary embodiment.
  • the color adjustment method may include the following steps.
  • step 201 frame data is obtained from a frame buffer.
  • the frame buffer of the target device is used to store frame data to be displayed, and the content to be displayed corresponding to the frame data may be an image, a video, or a user interface.
  • the target device first acquires frame data, depending on the type of content to be displayed, the frame data is described by a certain linear original color space.
  • the frame data is described by a linear CIE xyY color space.
  • linear original color spaces such as a linear CMY color space, a linear HSV color space, etc., and this embodiment does not limit the type of the linear original color space.
  • the manufacturer of the target device can add a third-party application through the operating system layer or the application layer of the target device, so that the target device can perform gamma correction on the acquired frame data, and then The corrected frame data is sent to the display device, and the image corresponding to the corrected frame data is displayed by the display device, so that the displayed image is more vivid or more realistic. Therefore, the frame data to be displayed stored in the frame buffer is usually frame data that has been gamma-corrected by the target device.
  • the target device maps the frame data of the linear original color space to The original color space, for example, the operating system layer or the application layer of the target device maps the frame data of the linear CIE xyY color space to the CIE xyY color space after being subjected to the gamma correction processing.
  • the gamma coefficients used for gamma correction of the frame data in different target devices may also be different.
  • step 202 frame data is mapped from the original color space to the linear original color space by de-gamma correction processing to obtain frame data of the linear original color space.
  • the frame data to be displayed stored in the frame buffer is frame data that has been gamma-corrected by the target device
  • directly mapping the corrected frame data to the target color space causes the mapped frame data to be transmitted on the target device.
  • the target device needs to map the frame data from the gamma-corrected original color space to the linear original color space before the gamma correction.
  • the target color space is the color space that the target device wishes to convert the frame data to.
  • the target device may map the frame data from the original color space to the linear original color space by a method of degamma correction processing, as shown in FIG. 2B:
  • De-gamma correction is performed on the frame data of the original color space by using a gamma coefficient to obtain frame data of the linear original color space.
  • the target device usually performs gamma correction on the acquired frame data by using a third-party application in the operating system layer or the application layer, if the target device stores information of each third-party application and a relationship list corresponding to the gamma coefficient used by each third-party application.
  • the target device may detect the information of the third-party application used by the target device, and find the corresponding gamma coefficient from the relationship list according to the information of the third-party application; if the target device does not store the information of each third-party application And the relationship list corresponding to the gamma coefficient used by each third-party application, the target device can also measure the display effect of the target device through the instrument, thereby obtaining the gamma coefficient used by the target device for gamma correction at the operating system layer or the application layer. .
  • the bottom layer of the target device may perform a degamma process on the frame data according to the gamma coefficient, and map the frame data from the original color space to the linear original color space without gamma correction. Thereby the frame data of the linear original color space is obtained.
  • the bottom layer of the target device performs degamma correction on the operating system layer or the application layer gamma corrected frame data, and maps the frame data from the CIE xyY color space to the linear CIE xyY color space.
  • step 203 the length of the data of each color channel in the frame data of the linear original color space is dispersed from the first bit length to the second bit length, and the second bit length is greater than the first bit length.
  • the target device After mapping the frame data from the original color space to the linear original color space, the target device also needs to perform a series of conversion operations on the frame data to obtain the frame data of the target color space, wherein the frame data will exist during the conversion process. Error.
  • the target device may discretize the length of the data of each color channel in the frame data from the first bit length to the second bit length before converting the frame data of the linear original color space, wherein the second bit The length is greater than the first bit length, that is, the length of the data of each color channel in the frame data is increased, and the larger the second bit length, the higher the precision of the frame data.
  • the target device can increase the length of the data of each color channel in the frame data by interpolation. For example, if the first bit length is 8 bits, the target device can insert 4 bits of data into the data of each color channel, so that the length of the data of each color channel in the frame data is increased from 8 bits to 12 bits, thereby improving The precision of the frame data. For another example, the first bit length is 8 bits, and the target device can insert 8-bit data into the data of each color channel, so that the length of the data of each color channel in the frame data is increased from 8 bits to 16 bits, and further Improve the accuracy of the frame data.
  • the target device may also increase the length of the data of each color channel in the frame data by other methods, and details are not described herein.
  • the first bit length may also be greater than the second bit length according to specific needs, thereby implementing compression of the frame data and reducing the calculation amount of the target device.
  • step 204 the frame data of the linear original color space is mapped to the linear target color space to obtain frame data of the linear target color space.
  • the frame data of the linear original color space can be mapped to the linear target color space using a conversion formula, wherein the frame data is converted from different linear original color spaces to the same linearity.
  • the conversion formula used by the target color space is different.
  • the present disclosure takes the linear original color space as a linear CIE xyY color space and the linear target color space as a linear sRGB color space as an example.
  • the conversion process is described as follows:
  • the target device can use the following conversion formula to get the X, Y, and Z values of CIE XYZ:
  • the parameter value in the matrix is the parameter value adopted by the industry standard, and the parameter value can be finely adjusted by the engineer according to actual needs during implementation.
  • the frame data can be mapped from the linear CIE xyY color space to the linear sRGB color space.
  • step 205 a color correction matrix of the target device is acquired, and frame data of the linear target color space is corrected using the color correction matrix to obtain frame data of the corrected linear target color space.
  • the coordinates of the R, G, B, and white points of the target device and the coordinates of the R', G', B', and white points of the standard sRGB may exist in the sRGB color space. Deviation, so when the target device displays the frame data of the sRGB color space, the displayed image may have a color cast problem.
  • the target device may correct the frame data of the linear target color space by using a color correction matrix, which is in the target color space, according to the color data of the target device and the standard color data in advance.
  • the deviation matrix obtained by the deviation.
  • the color correction matrix can be obtained by:
  • the target device can multiply each color channel by the deviation matrix, so that the target device displays the frame data of the sRGB color space, and the effect of the displayed image is consistent with the standard sRGB, thereby eliminating the color cast. problem.
  • K is the intensity coefficient
  • the coordinates of the measured R, G, B, and white points of the target device satisfy the condition that the coordinates of R do not deviate from the coordinates of the corresponding standard sRGB R', and the coordinates of G There is no deviation from the coordinates of G' of the corresponding standard sRGB, and the coordinates of B do not deviate from the coordinates of B' of the corresponding standard sRGB. If the white point does not deviate from the coordinates of the white point of the corresponding standard sRGB, step 205 need not be performed.
  • step 206 the frame data of the linear target color space is gamma-corrected using the target gamma coefficient to obtain frame data of the target color space.
  • the target color space as the sRGB color space
  • the color space is the sRGB color space
  • the effect, therefore, the frame data typically requires a gamma correction of the frame data with a gamma factor of 2.2 before being sent to the display device.
  • the target device can convert the respective values of R, G, and B of the linear RGB color space to the respective values of R, G, and B of the corresponding sRGB color space using the following transformation formula.
  • C linear be R linear , G linear , or B linear ;
  • C srgb be R srgb , G srgb or B srgb , then R linear can be converted into R srgb by the following formula, G linear can be converted into G srgb by the following formula, B Linear can be converted to B srgb by :
  • each parameter in the transformation formula is a parameter used by the industry standard, and the value of each parameter can be finely adjusted by the engineer according to actual needs in the application.
  • step 207 if the target device does not support the length of the data of each color channel in the frame data of the target color space as the display of the second bit length, then the data of each color channel in the frame data of the target color space is The length is converted back to the first bit length by the second bit length.
  • step 203 the target device converts the length of the data of each color channel in the frame data from the first bit length to the second bit length in order to reduce the error caused by the conversion, the frame data of the target color space obtained by the target device is The length of the data for each color channel is also the second bit length.
  • the target device needs to set the second bit length before transmitting the frame data to the display device. Convert to the first bit length supported by the target device.
  • the length of the data of each color channel in the frame data of the target color space is 12 bits
  • the target device supports the display of the data of each color channel in the frame data of the target color space by 8 bits, without supporting the target color.
  • the length of the data of each color channel in the frame data of the space is a 12-bit display, and the target device can remove 4 bits from the data of each color channel before transmitting the frame data of the target color space to the display device. Data, thereby converting the length of the data of each color channel in the frame data to the 8 ratio supported by the target device special.
  • step 208 the frame data of the target color space is sent to the display device for display.
  • the target device After the target device acquires the frame data of the target color space supported by the target device, the frame data is sent to the display device for display.
  • the same frame data has the same display effect on the display devices of different target devices.
  • the present disclosure can perform the processing of steps 201 to 208 by using the same frame data in different color spaces.
  • the same frame data in different original color spaces in different devices is converted into frame data in the same target color space, and displayed on the display device of different target devices with the same display effect.
  • FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of a frame data conversion according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the color space of the corresponding frame data in the frame buffer of the target device A of the same frame data is CIE xyY.
  • the color space is corrected in advance by the first gamma coefficient
  • the color space in the frame buffer of the target device B is the CMY color space, and is corrected in advance by the second gamma coefficient
  • the color space in the buffer is the HSV color space and is corrected by the third gamma coefficient in advance.
  • the color space is converted into the sRGB color space, and both have the same gamma coefficient of 2.2. Gamma correction. Therefore, after the target device A, the target device B, and the target device C respectively transmit the frame data of the sRGB color space to the display device, the images displayed by the display device have the same effect.
  • steps 203, 205 and 207 are optional steps.
  • the color adjustment method provided by the present disclosure performs the degamma correction processing on the frame data in the frame buffer, and then maps the frame data after the degamma correction processing to the linear target color space to the target gamma.
  • the horse coefficient is gamma-corrected to obtain the frame data of the target color space, which solves the problem that the display performance of the same frame data on different devices is inconsistent, and achieves the same effect of displaying the same frame data on different devices.
  • the color adjustment method provided by the present disclosure further discretizes the length of data of each color channel in the frame data of the linear original color space from the first bit length to the second bit length, the second bit length being greater than the first The bit length improves the accuracy of the frame data and can reduce the error caused by the subsequent conversion process.
  • the target device may further optimize the color correction matrix and the color space conversion matrix into a conversion matrix, and process the frame data using the optimized transformation matrix to make the target
  • the device only needs to perform a matrix conversion operation to map the frame data from the linear original color space to the linear target color space, and complete the correction of the frame data.
  • algorithms such as matrix operations generally use software such as applications in a target device.
  • the target device may also implement an algorithm such as a matrix operation in the present disclosure by using hardware, and the hardware may be hardware with computing capability such as a single chip microcomputer.
  • the target data may also correspond to each value of the original original color space according to the frame data and the target color space.
  • Each value obtains a data conversion relationship in which frame data is converted between respective color spaces, and generates a lookup table according to the data conversion relationship.
  • the target device may use the lookup table to perform subsequent frame data conversion processing. If there is a conversion relationship between the original color space of the frame data to be displayed and the target color space in the lookup table, the target device The respective values of the frame data in the original color space may be directly mapped to respective values of the frame data in the target color space according to the conversion relationship.
  • the target device may also download the lookup table from other devices and perform subsequent frame data conversion processing according to the lookup table.
  • the disclosure does not limit the source of the lookup table in the target device.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a color adjustment apparatus applied to a target device, as shown in FIG. 3, the color adjustment apparatus includes: an acquisition module 310, a de-gamma correction module, according to an exemplary embodiment. 320, mapping module 330 and gamma correction module 340.
  • the obtaining module 310 is configured to obtain frame data from a frame buffer
  • the de-gamma correction module 320 is configured to map the frame data acquired by the acquisition module 310 from the original color space to the linear original color space by de-gamma correction processing to obtain frame data of the linear original color space;
  • the mapping module 330 is configured to map the frame data of the linear original color space obtained by the degamma correction module 320 to the linear target color space to obtain frame data of the linear target color space;
  • the gamma correction module 340 is configured to perform gamma correction on the frame data of the linear target color space obtained by the mapping module 330 using the target gamma coefficient to obtain frame data of the target color space.
  • the color adjustment apparatus performs de-gamma correction processing on the frame data in the frame buffer, and then maps the de-gamma-corrected frame data to the linear target color space to the target gamma.
  • the horse coefficient is gamma-corrected to obtain the frame data of the target color space, which solves the problem that the display performance of the same frame data on different devices is inconsistent, and achieves the same effect of displaying the same frame data on different devices.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a color adjustment device, which is applied to a target device, as shown in FIG. 4, the color adjustment device includes: an acquisition module 410, a de-gamma correction module, according to an exemplary embodiment. 420, mapping Module 430 and gamma correction module 440.
  • the obtaining module 410 is configured to obtain frame data from a frame buffer
  • the de-gamma correction module 420 is configured to map the frame data acquired by the acquisition module 410 from the original color space to the linear original color space by using the de-gamma correction process to obtain frame data of the linear original color space;
  • the mapping module 430 is configured to map the frame data of the linear original color space obtained by the degamma correction module 420 to the linear target color space to obtain frame data of the linear target color space;
  • the gamma correction module 440 is configured to perform gamma correction on the frame data of the linear target color space obtained by the mapping module 430 using the target gamma coefficient to obtain frame data of the target color space.
  • the de-gamma correction module 420 includes: a gamma coefficient acquisition sub-module 421 and a frame data mapping sub-module 422.
  • the gamma coefficient acquisition sub-module 421 is configured to acquire a gamma coefficient used by the target device to perform gamma correction on frame data of the linear original color space at the operating system layer or the application layer;
  • the frame data mapping sub-module 422 is configured to perform gamma correction on the frame data of the original color space using the gamma coefficients acquired by the gamma coefficient acquisition sub-module 421 to obtain frame data of the linear original color space.
  • the device further includes: a color correction matrix acquisition module 450 and a frame data correction module 460.
  • the color correction matrix obtaining module 450 is configured to acquire a color correction matrix of the target device, where the color correction matrix is a deviation matrix obtained according to a deviation between the color data of the target device and the standard color data in the target color space;
  • the frame data correction module 460 is configured to correct the frame data of the linear target color space using the color correction matrix acquired by the color correction matrix acquisition module 450 to obtain frame data of the corrected linear target color space.
  • the device further includes: a data length discrete module 470.
  • the data length discretization module 470 is configured to discretize the length of data of each color channel in the frame data of the linear original color space from a first bit length to a second bit length, the second bit length being greater than the first bit length.
  • the device further includes: a data length restoration module 480.
  • the data length restoration module 480 is configured to: when the target device does not support the display of the second color length of the data of each color channel in the frame data of the target color space, each color in the frame data of the target color space The length of the channel's data is converted back to the first bit length by the second bit length.
  • the color adjustment apparatus performs de-gamma correction processing on the frame data in the frame buffer, and then maps the de-gamma-corrected frame data to the linear target color space to the target gamma.
  • the horse coefficient is gamma corrected to obtain the frame data of the target color space, which solves the problem that the display effect of the same frame data on different devices is inconsistent. The effect that the same frame data is consistent on different devices is achieved.
  • the color adjustment apparatus provided by the present disclosure further discretizes the length of data of each color channel in the frame data of the linear original color space from the first bit length to the second bit length, the second bit length being greater than the first The bit length improves the accuracy of the frame data and can reduce the error caused by the subsequent conversion process.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure provides a color adjustment device capable of implementing the color adjustment method provided by the present disclosure, the color adjustment device comprising: a processor, a memory for storing processor executable instructions;
  • processor is configured to:
  • the frame data of the linear original color space is obtained by mapping the frame data from the original color space to the linear original color space by degamma correction processing;
  • the frame data of the linear target color space is gamma-corrected using the target gamma coefficient to obtain frame data of the target color space.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an apparatus 500 for color adjustment, according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • device 500 can be a mobile phone, a computer, a digital broadcast terminal, a messaging device, a gaming console, a tablet device, a medical device, a fitness device, a personal digital assistant, and the like.
  • apparatus 500 can include one or more of the following components: processing component 502, memory 504, power component 506, multimedia component 508, audio component 510, input/output (I/O) interface 512, sensor component 514, And a communication component 516.
  • Processing component 502 typically controls the overall operation of device 500, such as operations associated with display, telephone calls, data communications, camera operations, and recording operations.
  • Processing component 502 can include one or more processors 518 to execute instructions to perform all or part of the steps described above.
  • processing component 502 can include one or more modules to facilitate interaction between component 502 and other components.
  • processing component 502 can include a multimedia module to facilitate interaction between multimedia component 508 and processing component 502.
  • Memory 504 is configured to store various types of data to support operation at device 500. Sample package for these data Instructions for any application or method for operation on device 500, contact data, phone book data, messages, pictures, videos, and the like.
  • the memory 504 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device, or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), erasable.
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read only memory
  • EPROM Programmable Read Only Memory
  • PROM Programmable Read Only Memory
  • ROM Read Only Memory
  • Magnetic Memory Flash Memory
  • Disk Disk or Optical Disk.
  • Power component 506 provides power to various components of device 500.
  • Power component 506 can include a power management system, one or more power sources, and other components associated with generating, managing, and distributing power for device 500.
  • the multimedia component 508 includes a screen between the device 500 and the user that provides an output interface.
  • the screen can include a liquid crystal display (LCD) and a touch panel (TP). If the screen includes a touch panel, the screen can be implemented as a touch screen to receive input signals from the user.
  • the touch panel includes one or more touch sensors to sense touches, slides, and gestures on the touch panel. The touch sensor may sense not only the boundary of the touch or sliding action, but also the duration and pressure associated with the touch or slide operation.
  • the multimedia component 508 includes a front camera and/or a rear camera. When the device 500 is in an operation mode, such as a shooting mode or a video mode, the front camera and/or the rear camera can receive external multimedia data. Each front and rear camera can be a fixed optical lens system or have focal length and optical zoom capabilities.
  • the audio component 510 is configured to output and/or input an audio signal.
  • audio component 510 includes a microphone (MIC) that is configured to receive an external audio signal when device 500 is in an operational mode, such as a call mode, a recording mode, and a voice recognition mode.
  • the received audio signal may be further stored in memory 504 or transmitted via communication component 516.
  • audio component 510 also includes a speaker for outputting an audio signal.
  • the I/O interface 512 provides an interface between the processing component 502 and the peripheral interface module, which may be a keyboard, a click wheel, a button, or the like. These buttons may include, but are not limited to, a home button, a volume button, a start button, and a lock button.
  • Sensor assembly 514 includes one or more sensors for providing device 500 with various aspects of status assessment.
  • sensor assembly 514 can detect an open/closed state of device 500, a relative positioning of components, such as the display and keypad of device 500, and sensor component 514 can also detect a change in position of one component of device 500 or device 500. The presence or absence of user contact with device 500, device 500 orientation or acceleration/deceleration, and temperature variation of device 500.
  • Sensor assembly 514 can include a proximity sensor configured to detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact.
  • Sensor assembly 514 may also include a light sensor, such as a CMOS or CCD image sensor, for use in imaging applications.
  • the sensor component 514 can also include an acceleration sensor, a gyro sensor, a magnetic sensor, a pressure sensor, or a temperature sensor.
  • Communication component 516 is configured to facilitate wired or wireless communication between device 500 and other devices.
  • the device 500 can access a wireless network based on a communication standard, such as WiFi, 2G or 3G, or a combination thereof.
  • communication component 516 receives broadcast signals or broadcast associated information from an external broadcast management system via a broadcast channel.
  • the communication component 516 also includes a near field communication (NFC) module to facilitate short range communication.
  • NFC near field communication
  • the NFC module can be implemented based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, infrared data association (IrDA) technology, ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, Bluetooth (BT) technology, and other technologies.
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • IrDA infrared data association
  • UWB ultra-wideband
  • Bluetooth Bluetooth
  • apparatus 500 may be implemented by one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable A gate array (FPGA), controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or other electronic component implementation for performing the above methods.
  • ASICs application specific integrated circuits
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • DSPDs digital signal processing devices
  • PLDs programmable logic devices
  • FPGA field programmable A gate array
  • controller microcontroller, microprocessor, or other electronic component implementation for performing the above methods.
  • non-transitory computer readable storage medium comprising instructions, such as a memory 504 comprising instructions executable by processor 518 of apparatus 500 to perform the above method.
  • the non-transitory computer readable storage medium may be a ROM, a random access memory (RAM), a CD-ROM, a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, and an optical data storage device.

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Abstract

本公开关于一种色彩调整方法及装置，属于计算机图形学领域。该方法包括：从帧缓冲区中获取帧数据；通过去伽马校正处理将帧数据从原始颜色空间映射到线性原始颜色空间，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据；将线性原始颜色空间的帧数据映射到线性目标颜色空间，得到线性目标颜色空间的帧数据；使用目标伽马系数将线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据。本公开通过将帧数据进行去伽马校正处理，再将处理后的帧数据映射至线性目标颜色空间，以目标伽马系数进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据，解决了同一帧数据在不同设备上的显示效果不一致的问题，达到了同一帧数据在不同设备上的显示效果一致的效果。

Description

色彩调整方法及装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2015年1月15日提交中国专利局、申请号为201510020420.0的中国专利申请的优先权，以及2014年12月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为201410856684.5的中国专利申请的优先权，以上全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及计算机图形学领域，特别涉及一种色彩调整方法及装置。
背景技术
随着显示技术的发展，手机、平板等移动设备的显示屏能够显示越来越饱和的颜色，术语上称之为广色域显示范围。
由于不同厂商不同规格的显示屏可以达到的色域范围不一样，对于同一图片，在不同显示器上的显示效果就会不同，这就是我们常见的偏色现象。譬如一张图片的背景色是淡红色，在广色域屏上会显示更红，颜色更浓；在窄色域屏上会显示偏淡，会出现明显的显示色差。
发明内容
为解决相关技术的问题，本公开提供了一种色彩调整方法及装置。
根据本公开实施例的第一方面，提供一种色彩调整方法，包括：
从帧缓冲区中获取帧数据；
通过去伽马校正处理将帧数据从原始颜色空间映射到线性原始颜色空间，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据；
将线性原始颜色空间的帧数据映射到线性目标颜色空间，得到线性目标颜色空间的帧数据；
使用目标伽马系数将线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据。
根据本公开实施例的第二方面，提供一种色彩调整装置，包括：
获取模块，被配置为从帧缓冲区中获取帧数据；
去伽马校正模块，被配置为通过去伽马校正处理将获取模块获取的帧数据从原始颜色空 间映射到线性原始颜色空间，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据；
映射模块，被配置为将去伽马校正模块得到的线性原始颜色空间的帧数据映射到线性目标颜色空间，得到线性目标颜色空间的帧数据；
伽马校正模块，被配置为使用目标伽马系数将映射模块得到的线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据。
根据本公开实施例的第三方面，提供一种色彩调整装置，包括：
处理器；
用于存储处理器可执行指令的存储器；
其中，该处理器被配置为：
从帧缓冲区中获取帧数据；
通过去伽马校正处理将帧数据从原始颜色空间映射到线性原始颜色空间，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据；
将线性原始颜色空间的帧数据映射到线性目标颜色空间，得到线性目标颜色空间的帧数据；
使用目标伽马系数将线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据。
本公开的实施例提供的技术方案可以包括以下有益效果：
通过将帧缓冲区中的帧数据进行去伽马校正处理，再将去伽马校正处理后的帧数据映射至线性目标颜色空间，以目标伽马系数进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据，解决了同一帧数据在不同设备上的显示效果不一致的问题，达到了同一帧数据在不同设备上的显示效果一致的效果。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性的，并不能限制本公开。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本公开说明书的一部分，示出了符合本公开的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。
图1是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种色彩调整方法的流程图；
图2A是根据另一示例性实施例示出的一种色彩调整方法的流程图；
图2B是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种去伽马校正方法的流程图；
图2C是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种帧数据转换的示意图；
图3是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种色彩调整装置的框图；
图4是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种色彩调整装置的框图；
图5是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种用于色彩调整的装置的框图。
具体实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本公开相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本公开的一些方面相一致的装置和方法的例子。
本文中的目标设备可以是手机、平板电脑、电子书阅读器、MP3播放器(Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer III，动态影像专家压缩标准音频层面3)、MP4(Moving Picture Experts Group Audio Layer IV，动态影像专家压缩标准音频层面4)播放器、膝上型便携计算机和台式计算机等等。
颜色空间用于对色彩进行描述。颜色空间有许多种，常用的颜色空间有RGB(Red，Green，Blue；红，绿，蓝)，CMY(Cyan，Magenta，Yellow；青，品红，黄)，HSV(Hue,Saturation,Value；色调，饱和度，亮度)等，其中，由微软联合惠普、三菱、爱普生等厂商联合开发的sRGB(standard Red，Green，Blue；标准红，绿，蓝)颜色空间作为通用的色彩标准，可被大部分的目标设备支持。
图1是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种色彩调整方法的流程图，该色彩调整方法应用于目标设备中，如图1所示，该色彩调整方法包括以下步骤。
在步骤101中，从帧缓冲区中获取帧数据。
在步骤102中，通过去伽马校正处理将帧数据从原始颜色空间映射到线性原始颜色空间，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据。
在步骤103中，将线性原始颜色空间的帧数据映射到线性目标颜色空间，得到线性目标颜色空间的帧数据。
在步骤104中，使用目标伽马系数将线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据。
综上所述，本公开提供的色彩调整方法，通过将帧缓冲区中的帧数据进行去伽马校正处 理，再将去伽马校正处理后的帧数据映射至线性目标颜色空间，以目标伽马系数进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据，解决了同一帧数据在不同设备上的显示效果不一致的问题，达到了同一帧数据在不同设备上的显示效果一致的效果。
图2A实施例以原始颜色空间为CIE(Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage，国际照明委员会)xyY颜色空间，目标颜色空间为sRGB颜色空间为例来举例说明。其中：
线性CIE xyY颜色空间经过伽马校正后的，映射到CIE xyY颜色空间。CIE xyY颜色空间经过去伽马校正后，得到线性CIE xyY颜色空间。
线性sRGB颜色空间经过伽马校正后的，映射到sRGB颜色空间。sRGB颜色空间经过去伽马校正后，得到线性sRGB颜色空间。
由于不同的目标设备可能采用不同颜色空间来描述帧数据，且对帧数据进行伽马校正所使用的伽马系数可能不同，导致不同目标设备在获取相同的待显示内容后，经过各自的伽马校正后显示出的帧数据可能会有很大偏差，因此，可以采用图2A所示的方法解决同一帧数据在不同设备上的显示效果不一致的问题。
图2A是根据另一示例性实施例示出的一种色彩调整方法的流程图，该色彩调整方法应用于目标设备中，并由运行在目标设备的底层的应用程序来实现，如图2A所示，该色彩调整方法可以包括如下步骤。
在步骤201中，从帧缓冲区中获取帧数据。
目标设备的帧缓冲区用于存储待显示的帧数据，帧数据对应的待显示内容可能是图像、视频或用户界面等。目标设备在最初获取帧数据时，视待显示内容的种类不同，帧数据采用某一种线性原始颜色空间来描述，比如，帧数据通过线性CIE xyY颜色空间来描述。当然，线性原始颜色空间有很多种，比如线性CMY颜色空间、线性HSV颜色空间等，本实施例并不对线性原始颜色空间的类型进行限定。
为了使目标设备在显示图像时能够达到预期效果，目标设备的生产厂家可以通过目标设备的操作系统层或者应用层中加入第三方应用，使得目标设备可以对获取的帧数据进行伽马校正，再将校正后的帧数据发送至显示设备，由显示设备显示校正后的帧数据对应的图像，使得显示的图像更加艳丽或更加真实。因此，帧缓冲区中存储的待显示的帧数据通常是已经由目标设备进行伽马校正过的帧数据。
换句话说，在对帧数据进行伽马校正后，目标设备将线性原始颜色空间的帧数据映射到 原始颜色空间，比如，目标设备的操作系统层或应用层将线性CIE xyY颜色空间的帧数据经过自带的伽马校正处理后，映射到CIE xyY颜色空间。
此外，由于不同生产厂家希望目标设备显示图像的预期效果可能不同，不同目标设备中对帧数据进行伽马校正所使用的伽马系数也可能不同。
在步骤202中，通过去伽马校正处理将帧数据从原始颜色空间映射到线性原始颜色空间，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据。
由于帧缓冲区中存储的待显示的帧数据是已经由目标设备进行伽马校正过的帧数据，直接将该校正过的帧数据映射至目标颜色空间会导致映射后的帧数据在目标设备发送至显示设备显示时，显示出的对应的图像会存在很大误差，因此，目标设备需要将帧数据从伽马校正后的原始颜色空间映射到伽马校正前的线性原始颜色空间。其中，目标颜色空间是目标设备希望将帧数据转化到的颜色空间。
在一种可能的实现方法中，目标设备可以通过去伽马校正处理的方法将帧数据从原始颜色空间映射到线性原始颜色空间，如图2B：
202a：获取目标设备在操作系统层或应用层对线性原始颜色空间的帧数据进行伽马校正时所使用的伽马系数；
202b：使用伽马系数将原始颜色空间的帧数据进行去伽马校正，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据。
目标设备通常在操作系统层或应用层中使用第三方应用对获取的帧数据进行伽马校正，若目标设备存储有各个第三方应用的信息及各个第三方应用使用的伽马系数对应的关系列表，则目标设备可以检测目标设备所使用的第三方应用的信息，并根据该第三方应用的信息从该关系列表中查找到对应的伽马系数；若目标设备未存储有各个第三方应用的信息及各个第三方应用使用的伽马系数对应的关系列表，则目标设备还可以通过仪器测量目标设备的显示效果，从而获取目标设备在操作系统层或应用层进行伽马校正所使用的伽马系数。
在获取了该伽马系数后，目标设备的底层可以根据该伽马系数对帧数据进行去伽马过程，将该帧数据从原始颜色空间映射到未经伽马校正时的线性原始颜色空间，从而得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据。
比如，目标设备的底层将操作系统层或应用层伽马校正后的帧数据进行去伽马校正，将帧数据从CIE xyY颜色空间映射到线性CIE xyY颜色空间。
在步骤203中，将线性原始颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度由第一比特长度离散至第二比特长度，第二比特长度大于第一比特长度。
在将帧数据从原始颜色空间映射到线性原始颜色空间后，目标设备还需要对帧数据进行一系列的转换操作才能获取目标颜色空间的帧数据，其中，帧数据在转换的过程中会存在一定的误差。
为了降低这些误差，目标设备可以在对线性原始颜色空间的帧数据进行转换前，将帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度由第一比特长度离散至第二比特长度，其中，第二比特长度大于该第一比特长度，即，将帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度增大，且第二比特长度越大，帧数据的精度也越高。
目标设备可以采用插值的方法将帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度增大。比如，第一比特长度为8比特，目标设备可以在每个颜色通道的数据中插入4比特的数据，使得帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度从8比特增大至12比特，进而提高帧数据的精度。又比如，第一比特长度为8比特，目标设备可以在每个颜色通道的数据中插入8比特的数据，使得帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度从8比特增大至16比特，进而提高帧数据的精度。
此外，目标设备也可以采用其他方法将将帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度增大，此处不作赘述。
在实际应用中，根据具体需要，第一比特长度也可以大于第二比特长度，从而实现帧数据的压缩，减小目标设备的计算量。
在步骤204中，将线性原始颜色空间的帧数据映射到线性目标颜色空间，得到线性目标颜色空间的帧数据。
目标设备将线性原始颜色空间的帧数据的精度提高后，可以使用转换公式将线性原始颜色空间的帧数据映射到线性目标颜色空间，其中，将帧数据从不同的线性原始颜色空间转换到同一线性目标颜色空间所使用的转换公式不同。
本公开以线性原始颜色空间为线性CIE xyY颜色空间，线性目标颜色空间为线性sRGB颜色空间为例，对转换过程进行的描述如下：
(1)将CIE xyY颜色空间的帧数据变换到CIE XYZ三值模式；
目标设备可以使用以下转换公式得到CIE XYZ的X值、Y值和Z值：
X＝Yx/y,
Z＝Y(1-x-y)/y
(2)得到XYZ值后，用颜色空间转换矩阵转换到线性sRGB颜色空间的RGB值：
Figure PCTCN2015093406-appb-000001
其中，矩阵中的参数值为工业标准所采用的参数值，在实现时可由工程师根据实际需要对参数值进行微调。
通过上述转换，帧数据可以从线性CIE xyY颜色空间映射到线性sRGB颜色空间中。
在步骤205中，获取该目标设备的颜色校正矩阵，使用该颜色校正矩阵对线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行校正，得到校正后的线性目标颜色空间的帧数据。
以目标颜色空间为sRGB颜色空间为例，由于在sRGB颜色空间内，目标设备的R、G、B和白点的坐标与标准sRGB的R’、G’、B’、白点的坐标可能存在偏差，因此目标设备显示sRGB颜色空间的帧数据时，显示出的图像可能会存在偏色问题。
为了消除偏色问题，目标设备可以使用颜色校正矩阵对线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行校正，该颜色校正矩阵是在目标颜色空间内，预先根据该目标设备的颜色数据与标准颜色数据之间的偏差所得到的偏差矩阵。
其中，该颜色校正矩阵可以通过以下方式获取：
(1)在sRGB颜色空间内，测量目标设备的R、G、B和白点的坐标；
(2)分别计算目标设备的R、G、B和白点的坐标与对应的标准sRGB的R’、G’、B’和白点的坐标的偏差，得到偏差矩阵。
在获取了颜色校正矩阵后，目标设备可以通过对每一个颜色通道与偏差矩阵乘积后，使得目标设备显示sRGB颜色空间的帧数据时，显示出的图像的效果与标准sRGB一致，从而消除偏色问题。
其中，目标设备对每一个颜色通道与偏差矩阵进行乘积的公式如下：
Figure PCTCN2015093406-appb-000002
在上述公式中，K为强度系数。
需要说明的是，若在sRGB颜色空间内，测量得到的目标设备的R、G、B和白点的坐标满足条件：R的坐标与对应的标准sRGB的R`的坐标无偏差，G的坐标与对应的标准sRGB的G`的坐标无偏差，B的坐标与对应的标准sRGB的B`的坐标无偏差，白点与对应的标准sRGB的白点的坐标无偏差，则无需执行步骤205。
在步骤206中，使用目标伽马系数将线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据。
以目标颜色空间为sRGB颜色空间为例，当颜色空间为sRGB颜色空间，大部分显示器在接收到经过伽马系数为2.2的伽马校正后的帧数据后，显示的图像效果最接近真实图像的效果，因此，帧数据在发送到显示设备之前，通常需要对帧数据进行伽马系数为2.2的伽马校正。
目标设备可以使用以下的变换公式将线性RGB颜色空间的R、G、B的各个值转换到对应的sRGB颜色空间的R、G、B各个值。
设Clinear为Rlinear、Glinear、或者Blinear；Csrgb为Rsrgb、Gsrgb或者Bsrgb，则Rlinear可通过下式转换为Rsrgb，Glinear可通过下式转换为Gsrgb，Blinear可通过下式转换为Bsrgb：
若Clinear≥0.00304，则Csrgb＝12.92Clinear；
若Clinear>0.00304，则Csrgb＝(1+a)Clinear^(1/2.4)；
a＝0.055。
其中，变换公式中的各参数均为工业标准所使用的参数，在应用中可以由工程师根据实际需要对各个参数的值进行微调。
在步骤207中，若目标设备不支持目标颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度为第二比特长度的显示时，则将目标颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度由第二比特长度转换回第一比特长度。
由于在步骤203中，目标设备为了降低转换导致的误差，将帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度从第一比特长度转换为第二比特长度，因此目标设备得到的目标颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度也为第二比特长度。
若目标设备的显示设备不支持显示每个颜色通道的数据的长度为第二比特长度的帧数据所对应的图像，则目标设备在将帧数据发送至显示设备前，还需要将第二比特长度转换为目标设备支持的第一比特长度。比如，目标颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度为12比特，目标设备支持目标颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度为8比特的显示，而不支持目标颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度为12比特的显示，则目标设备在将目标颜色空间的帧数据发送至显示设备前，可以从每个颜色通道的数据中移除4比特的数据，从而将帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度转换为目标设备支持显示的8比 特。
在步骤208中，将目标颜色空间的帧数据发送至显示设备进行显示。
目标设备获取了目标设备支持显示的目标颜色空间的帧数据后，将该帧数据发送至显示设备进行显示。
其中，同一帧数据在不同目标设备的显示设备上的显示效果一致。
由于不同目标设备的采用的颜色空间标准不同，同一帧数据在不同目标设备所处的颜色空间也不同，本公开通过将处于不同颜色空间的同一帧数据进行步骤201至步骤208的处理，可以将不同设备中处于不同原始颜色空间的同一帧数据转换为处于相同目标颜色空间的帧数据，并在不同目标设备的显示设备上以相同的显示效果显示。
如图2C，图2C是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种帧数据转换的示意图，在图2C中，同一帧数据在目标设备A的帧缓冲区中对应的帧数据的颜色空间为CIE xyY颜色空间，并预先经过了第一伽马系数的校正；在目标设备B的帧缓冲区中的颜色空间为CMY颜色空间，并预先经过了第二伽马系数的校正；在目标设备C的帧缓冲区中的颜色空间为HSV颜色空间，并预先经过了第三伽马系数的校正。目标设备A、目标设备B和目标设备C中的帧数据经过步骤201至步骤208的处理后，所处的颜色空间都被转化至sRGB颜色空间，且都经过了同一个伽马系数为2.2的伽马校正。从而使得目标设备A、目标设备B、目标设备C分别将sRGB颜色空间的帧数据发送至显示设备后，显示设备显示出的图像的效果相同。
需要补充说明的是，上述步骤203、步骤205和步骤207是可选步骤。
综上所述，本公开提供的色彩调整方法，通过将帧缓冲区中的帧数据进行去伽马校正处理，再将去伽马校正处理后的帧数据映射至线性目标颜色空间，以目标伽马系数进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据，解决了同一帧数据在不同设备上的显示效果不一致的问题，达到了同一帧数据在不同设备上的显示效果一致的效果。
另外，本公开提供的色彩调整方法，还通过将线性原始颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度由第一比特长度离散至第二比特长度，该第二比特长度大于该第一比特长度，提高了帧数据的精度，可以降低后续转换过程中导致的误差。
需要说明的是，为了提高目标设备转换帧数据的处理速度，目标设备还可以将颜色校正矩阵和颜色空间转换矩阵优化为一个转换矩阵，并使用优化后的转换矩阵对帧数据进行处理，使得目标设备只需要通过一次矩阵转换运算，即可将帧数据从线性原始颜色空间映射到线性目标颜色空间，并完成对帧数据的校正。
需要说明的是，在本公开中，矩阵运算等算法通常使用目标设备中的应用程序等软件实 现。为了提高目标设备转换帧数据的处理速度，目标设备还可以采用硬件实现本公开中的矩阵运算等算法，该硬件可以是单片机等具有计算能力的硬件。
需要说明的是，目标设备在通过步骤201至步骤207的方法将帧数据从各个原始颜色空间映射至目标颜色空间后，还可以根据帧数据在不同原始颜色空间的各个值及在目标颜色空间对应的各个值，获取帧数据在各个颜色空间之间转换的数据转换关系，并根据该数据转换关系生成查找表。
作为另一种可能实现的方式，目标设备可以使用该查找表进行后续的帧数据转换处理，若该查找表中存在待显示的帧数据的原始颜色空间及目标颜色空间的转换关系，则目标设备可以根据该转换关系直接将原始颜色空间中的该帧数据的各个值映射为目标颜色空间中的帧数据的各个值。
此外，目标设备还可以从其他设备下载该查找表，并根据该查找表进行后续的帧数据转换处理，本公开并未对目标设备中查找表的来源作出限制。
图3是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种色彩调整装置的框图，该色彩调整装置应用于目标设备中，如图3所示，该色彩调整装置包括：获取模块310、去伽马校正模块320、映射模块330和伽马校正模块340。
该获取模块310，被配置为从帧缓冲区中获取帧数据；
该去伽马校正模块320，被配置为通过去伽马校正处理将该获取模块310获取的帧数据从原始颜色空间映射到线性原始颜色空间，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据；
该映射模块330，被配置为将该去伽马校正模块320得到的线性原始颜色空间的帧数据映射到线性目标颜色空间，得到线性目标颜色空间的帧数据；
该伽马校正模块340，被配置为使用目标伽马系数将该映射模块330得到的线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据。
综上所述，本公开提供的色彩调整装置，通过将帧缓冲区中的帧数据进行去伽马校正处理，再将去伽马校正处理后的帧数据映射至线性目标颜色空间，以目标伽马系数进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据，解决了同一帧数据在不同设备上的显示效果不一致的问题，达到了同一帧数据在不同设备上的显示效果一致的效果。
图4是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种色彩调整装置的框图，该色彩调整装置应用于目标设备中，如图4所示，该色彩调整装置包括：获取模块410、去伽马校正模块420、映射 模块430和伽马校正模块440。
该获取模块410，被配置为从帧缓冲区中获取帧数据；
该去伽马校正模块420，被配置为通过该去伽马校正处理将获取模块410获取的帧数据从原始颜色空间映射到线性原始颜色空间，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据；
该映射模块430，被配置为将该去伽马校正模块420得到的线性原始颜色空间的帧数据映射到线性目标颜色空间，得到线性目标颜色空间的帧数据；
该伽马校正模块440，被配置为使用目标伽马系数将该映射模块430得到的线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据。
可选的，该去伽马校正模块420，包括：伽马系数获取子模块421和帧数据映射子模块422。
该伽马系数获取子模块421，被配置为获取目标设备在操作系统层或应用层对线性原始颜色空间的帧数据进行伽马校正时所使用的伽马系数；
该帧数据映射子模块422，被配置为使用该伽马系数获取子模块421获取的伽马系数将原始颜色空间的帧数据进行去伽马校正，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据。
可选的，该装置，还包括：颜色校正矩阵获取模块450和帧数据校正模块460。
该颜色校正矩阵获取模块450，被配置为获取目标设备的颜色校正矩阵，颜色校正矩阵是在目标颜色空间内，根据目标设备的颜色数据与标准颜色数据之间的偏差所得到的偏差矩阵；
该帧数据校正模块460，被配置为使用该颜色校正矩阵获取模块450获取的颜色校正矩阵对线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行校正，得到校正后的线性目标颜色空间的帧数据。
可选的，该装置，还包括：数据长度离散模块470。
该数据长度离散模块470，被配置为将线性原始颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度由第一比特长度离散至第二比特长度，第二比特长度大于第一比特长度。
可选的，该装置，还包括：数据长度还原模块480。
该数据长度还原模块480，被配置为当目标设备不支持目标颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度为第二比特长度的显示时，将目标颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度由第二比特长度转换回第一比特长度。
综上所述，本公开提供的色彩调整装置，通过将帧缓冲区中的帧数据进行去伽马校正处理，再将去伽马校正处理后的帧数据映射至线性目标颜色空间，以目标伽马系数进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据，解决了同一帧数据在不同设备上的显示效果不一致的问题， 达到了同一帧数据在不同设备上的显示效果一致的效果。
另外，本公开提供的色彩调整装置，还通过将线性原始颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度由第一比特长度离散至第二比特长度，该第二比特长度大于该第一比特长度，提高了帧数据的精度，可以降低后续转换过程中导致的误差。
关于上述实施例中的装置，其中各个模块执行操作的具体方式已经在有关该方法的实施例中进行了详细描述，此处将不做详细阐述说明。
本公开一示例性实施例提供了一种色彩调整装置，能够实现本公开提供的色彩调整方法，该色彩调整装置包括：处理器、用于存储处理器可执行指令的存储器；
其中，该处理器被配置为：
从帧缓冲区中获取帧数据；
通过去伽马校正处理将帧数据从原始颜色空间映射到线性原始颜色空间，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据；
将线性原始颜色空间的帧数据映射到线性目标颜色空间，得到线性目标颜色空间的帧数据；
使用目标伽马系数将线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据。
图5是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种用于色彩调整的装置500的框图。例如，装置500可以是移动电话，计算机，数字广播终端，消息收发设备，游戏控制台，平板设备，医疗设备，健身设备，个人数字助理等。
参照图5，装置500可以包括以下一个或多个组件：处理组件502，存储器504，电源组件506，多媒体组件508，音频组件510，输入/输出(I/O)的接口512，传感器组件514，以及通信组件516。
处理组件502通常控制装置500的整体操作，诸如与显示，电话呼叫，数据通信，相机操作和记录操作相关联的操作。处理组件502可以包括一个或多个处理器518来执行指令，以完成上述的方法的全部或部分步骤。此外，处理组件502可以包括一个或多个模块，便于处理组件502和其他组件之间的交互。例如，处理组件502可以包括多媒体模块，以方便多媒体组件508和处理组件502之间的交互。
存储器504被配置为存储各种类型的数据以支持在装置500的操作。这些数据的示例包 括用于在装置500上操作的任何应用程序或方法的指令，联系人数据，电话簿数据，消息，图片，视频等。存储器504可以由任何类型的易失性或非易失性存储设备或者它们的组合实现，如静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)，电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)，可擦除可编程只读存储器(EPROM)，可编程只读存储器(PROM)，只读存储器(ROM)，磁存储器，快闪存储器，磁盘或光盘。
电源组件506为装置500的各种组件提供电力。电源组件506可以包括电源管理系统，一个或多个电源，及其他与为装置500生成、管理和分配电力相关联的组件。
多媒体组件508包括在所述装置500和用户之间的提供一个输出接口的屏幕。在一些实施例中，屏幕可以包括液晶显示器(LCD)和触摸面板(TP)。如果屏幕包括触摸面板，屏幕可以被实现为触摸屏，以接收来自用户的输入信号。触摸面板包括一个或多个触摸传感器以感测触摸、滑动和触摸面板上的手势。所述触摸传感器可以不仅感测触摸或滑动动作的边界，而且还检测与所述触摸或滑动操作相关的持续时间和压力。在一些实施例中，多媒体组件508包括一个前置摄像头和/或后置摄像头。当装置500处于操作模式，如拍摄模式或视频模式时，前置摄像头和/或后置摄像头可以接收外部的多媒体数据。每个前置摄像头和后置摄像头可以是一个固定的光学透镜系统或具有焦距和光学变焦能力。
音频组件510被配置为输出和/或输入音频信号。例如，音频组件510包括一个麦克风(MIC)，当装置500处于操作模式，如呼叫模式、记录模式和语音识别模式时，麦克风被配置为接收外部音频信号。所接收的音频信号可以被进一步存储在存储器504或经由通信组件516发送。在一些实施例中，音频组件510还包括一个扬声器，用于输出音频信号。
I/O接口512为处理组件502和外围接口模块之间提供接口，上述外围接口模块可以是键盘，点击轮，按钮等。这些按钮可包括但不限于：主页按钮、音量按钮、启动按钮和锁定按钮。
传感器组件514包括一个或多个传感器，用于为装置500提供各个方面的状态评估。例如，传感器组件514可以检测到装置500的打开/关闭状态，组件的相对定位，例如所述组件为装置500的显示器和小键盘，传感器组件514还可以检测装置500或装置500一个组件的位置改变，用户与装置500接触的存在或不存在，装置500方位或加速/减速和装置500的温度变化。传感器组件514可以包括接近传感器，被配置用来在没有任何的物理接触时检测附近物体的存在。传感器组件514还可以包括光传感器，如CMOS或CCD图像传感器，用于在成像应用中使用。在一些实施例中，该传感器组件514还可以包括加速度传感器，陀螺仪传感器，磁传感器，压力传感器或温度传感器。
通信组件516被配置为便于装置500和其他设备之间有线或无线方式的通信。装置500可以接入基于通信标准的无线网络，如WiFi，2G或3G，或它们的组合。在一个示例性实施例中，通信组件516经由广播信道接收来自外部广播管理系统的广播信号或广播相关信息。在一个示例性实施例中，所述通信组件516还包括近场通信(NFC)模块，以促进短程通信。例如，在NFC模块可基于射频识别(RFID)技术，红外数据协会(IrDA)技术，超宽带(UWB)技术，蓝牙(BT)技术和其他技术来实现。
在示例性实施例中，装置500可以被一个或多个应用专用集成电路(ASIC)、数字信号处理器(DSP)、数字信号处理设备(DSPD)、可编程逻辑器件(PLD)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、控制器、微控制器、微处理器或其他电子元件实现，用于执行上述方法。
在示例性实施例中，还提供了一种包括指令的非临时性计算机可读存储介质，例如包括指令的存储器504，上述指令可由装置500的处理器518执行以完成上述方法。例如，所述非临时性计算机可读存储介质可以是ROM、随机存取存储器(RAM)、CD-ROM、磁带、软盘和光数据存储设备等。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里的公开的后，将容易想到本公开的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本公开的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本公开的一般性原理并包括本公开未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本公开的真正范围和精神由下面的权利要求指出。
应当理解的是，本公开并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本公开的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种色彩调整方法，其特征在于，包括：
    从帧缓冲区中获取帧数据；
    通过去伽马校正处理将所述帧数据从原始颜色空间映射到线性原始颜色空间，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据；
    将所述线性原始颜色空间的帧数据映射到线性目标颜色空间，得到线性目标颜色空间的帧数据；
    使用目标伽马系数将所述线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通过去伽马校正处理将所述帧数据从原始颜色空间映射到线性原始颜色空间，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据，包括：
    获取目标设备在操作系统层或应用层对所述线性原始颜色空间的帧数据进行伽马校正时所使用的伽马系数；
    使用所述伽马系数将所述原始颜色空间的帧数据进行去伽马处理，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法，还包括：
    获取所述目标设备的颜色校正矩阵，所述颜色校正矩阵是在所述目标颜色空间内，根据所述目标设备的颜色数据与标准颜色数据之间的偏差所得到的偏差矩阵；
    使用所述颜色校正矩阵对所述线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行校正，得到校正后的所述线性目标颜色空间的帧数据。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法，还包括：
    将所述线性原始颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度由第一比特长度离散至第二比特长度，所述第二比特长度大于所述第一比特长度。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法，还包括：
    若所述目标设备不支持所述目标颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度为所述第二比特长度的显示时，则将所述目标颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度由 所述第二比特长度转换回所述第一比特长度。
  6. 一种色彩调整装置，其特征在于，包括：
    获取模块，被配置为从帧缓冲区中获取帧数据；
    去伽马校正模块，被配置为通过去伽马校正处理将所述获取模块获取的所述帧数据从原始颜色空间映射到线性原始颜色空间，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据；
    映射模块，被配置为将所述去伽马校正模块得到的所述线性原始颜色空间的帧数据映射到线性目标颜色空间，得到线性目标颜色空间的帧数据；
    伽马校正模块，被配置为使用目标伽马系数将所述映射模块得到的所述线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述去伽马校正模块，包括：
    伽马系数获取子模块，被配置为获取目标设备在操作系统层或应用层对所述线性原始颜色空间的帧数据进行伽马校正时所使用的伽马系数；
    帧数据映射子模块，被配置为使用所述伽马系数获取子模块获取的所述伽马系数将所述原始颜色空间的帧数据进行去伽马处理，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置，还包括：
    颜色校正矩阵获取模块，被配置为获取所述目标设备的颜色校正矩阵，所述颜色校正矩阵是在所述目标颜色空间内，根据所述目标设备的颜色数据与标准颜色数据之间的偏差所得到的偏差矩阵；
    帧数据校正模块，被配置为使用所述颜色校正矩阵获取模块获取的所述颜色校正矩阵对所述线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行校正，得到校正后的所述线性目标颜色空间的帧数据。
  9. 根据权利要求6至8任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置，还包括：
    数据长度离散模块，被配置为将所述线性原始颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度由第一比特长度离散至第二比特长度，所述第二比特长度大于所述第一比特长度。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置，还包括：
    数据长度还原模块，被配置为当所述目标设备不支持所述目标颜色空间的帧数据中每个 颜色通道的数据的长度为所述第二比特长度的显示时，将所述目标颜色空间的帧数据中每个颜色通道的数据的长度由所述第二比特长度转换回所述第一比特长度。
  11. 一种色彩调整装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理器；
    用于存储处理器可执行指令的存储器；
    其中，所述处理器被配置为：
    从帧缓冲区中获取帧数据；
    通过去伽马校正处理将所述帧数据从原始颜色空间映射到线性原始颜色空间，得到线性原始颜色空间的帧数据；
    将所述线性原始颜色空间的帧数据映射到线性目标颜色空间，得到线性目标颜色空间的帧数据；
    使用目标伽马系数将所述线性目标颜色空间的帧数据进行伽马校正，得到目标颜色空间的帧数据。
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