WO2016106662A1 - 在使用非授权频段的小区中传输参考信号的方法及设备 - Google Patents

在使用非授权频段的小区中传输参考信号的方法及设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016106662A1
WO2016106662A1 PCT/CN2014/095851 CN2014095851W WO2016106662A1 WO 2016106662 A1 WO2016106662 A1 WO 2016106662A1 CN 2014095851 W CN2014095851 W CN 2014095851W WO 2016106662 A1 WO2016106662 A1 WO 2016106662A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reference signal
candidate resource
resource
time
cell
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PCT/CN2014/095851
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
官磊
马瑞泽大卫
柯柏安
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华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority to CN201480060513.XA priority Critical patent/CN105934963B/zh
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP14909471.6A priority patent/EP3232703B1/en
Priority to CN201910880424.4A priority patent/CN110740027B/zh
Priority to CN201811576121.5A priority patent/CN109561401B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2014/095851 priority patent/WO2016106662A1/zh
Priority to JP2017534985A priority patent/JP6526202B2/ja
Priority to EP19163433.6A priority patent/EP3567971B1/en
Priority to BR112017014163-9A priority patent/BR112017014163B1/pt
Publication of WO2016106662A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016106662A1/zh
Priority to US15/637,781 priority patent/US10171118B2/en
Priority to ZA2017/04627A priority patent/ZA201704627B/en
Priority to US16/209,777 priority patent/US10574279B2/en
Priority to US16/780,229 priority patent/US11031964B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06—Receivers
    • H04B1/10—Means associated with receiver for limiting or suppressing noise or interference
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/391—Modelling the propagation channel
    • H04B17/3913—Predictive models, e.g. based on neural network models
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
    • H04L5/001—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT the frequencies being arranged in component carriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/02—Resource partitioning among network components, e.g. reuse partitioning
    • H04W16/10—Dynamic resource partitioning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/12—Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/542—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using measured or perceived quality
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications, and, more particularly, to a method and apparatus for transmitting a reference signal in a cell using an unlicensed frequency band.
  • Cell synchronization includes initial coarse synchronization and time-frequency tracking fine synchronization.
  • the UE may perform initial coarse synchronization according to a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) and a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) periodically sent by the base station, according to a cell-specific reference signal periodically sent by the base station (Cell- Specific Reference Signal, CRS) completes the time-frequency tracking fine synchronization.
  • PSS Primary Synchronization Signal
  • SSS Secondary Synchronization Signal
  • CRS Cell- Specific Reference Signal
  • the UE may perform channel measurement and interference measurement according to a CRS or a Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) transmitted by the base station.
  • the RRM measurement includes a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) measurement, a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) measurement, and a Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measurement, and the UE may perform a base station according to a base station.
  • the CRS is sent periodically to complete the RRM measurement.
  • LBT Listen-Before-Talk
  • CCA Clear Channel Assessment
  • the periodic transmission characteristics of reference signals such as PSS, SSS, CRS, and CSI-RS are affected.
  • the base station may detect that the channel is busy, and thus cannot transmit a reference signal at one or more transmission opportunity points.
  • the UE is affected to perform cell synchronization and CSI measurement, thereby affecting the mobility performance of the UE. Therefore, How to transmit reference signals in a communication system using an unlicensed spectrum to meet the requirements of cell synchronization and CSI measurement is an urgent problem to be solved.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for transmitting a reference signal in a cell using an unlicensed frequency band, which can improve the success rate of transmitting a reference signal in a cell in an unlicensed frequency band.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for transmitting a reference signal in a cell using an unlicensed frequency band, including:
  • the flexible candidate resource is a candidate resource obtained by shifting a preset resource in time and within a time window. The period in which the time window appears is a second period, and the second period is Greater than the first period;
  • the first candidate resource used when transmitting the first reference signal in the cell that uses the unlicensed frequency band is determined, and the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is determined.
  • the channel is idle, including:
  • the channel on the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is in an idle state.
  • determining, according to the result of the CCA, that the channel on the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is in an idle state including:
  • the random backoff is performed.
  • the channel is still idle during the time of the random backoff, it is determined that the channel on the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is empty. Idle state.
  • the sending, by the first candidate resource, the first reference signal includes:
  • the transmit padding signal occupies the channel until the start time of the first candidate resource starts to send the first reference signal on the first candidate resource.
  • the first reference signal includes a reference signal for cell synchronization, and after the first reference signal is sent on the first candidate resource, the method Also includes:
  • the second reference signal includes one or more of a cell-specific reference signal CRS, a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, and a positioning reference signal PRS.
  • the first reference signal includes a reference signal for cell synchronization, and after the first reference signal is sent on the first candidate resource, the method Also includes:
  • the padding signal is sent until the end of the time slot at the end of the first candidate resource, and the second reference signal is sent at the beginning of the next time slot;
  • the second reference signal includes one or more of a cell-specific reference signal CRS, a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, and a positioning reference signal PRS.
  • the flexible candidate resource is a resource in which the preset resource is translated forward or backward in time.
  • the granularity of translation over time is one or more time slots.
  • the flexible candidate resource occupies the last corresponding number of symbols of the time slot within the time window.
  • the time window and the flexible candidate resource for transmitting the first reference signal used by the neighboring cell at the same frequency point are located.
  • the time window is the same.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for transmitting a reference signal in a cell using an unlicensed frequency band, including:
  • the candidate resource set includes the preset resource and the at least one flexible candidate resource, and the preset resource is in the first cycle when the cell is in the active state.
  • the resource in the time window that needs to be used when transmitting the first reference signal, the flexible candidate resource is a candidate resource obtained by shifting the preset resource in time and in the time window, and the period in which the time window appears is the second period, The second period is greater than the first period;
  • the first reference signal is detected on the unlicensed band within the time window.
  • the first reference signal includes a reference signal for cell synchronization, and after detecting the first reference signal on the unlicensed frequency band, the method further includes:
  • the second reference signal is detected on the unlicensed frequency band, the transmission resource occupied by the second reference signal is later than the transmission resource occupied by the first reference signal, and the second reference signal includes the cell-specific reference.
  • the method before determining a time window in which the candidate resource set used when the cell using the unlicensed frequency band transmits the first reference signal, the method further include:
  • the flexible candidate resource is a resource in which the preset resource is translated forward or backward in time.
  • the granularity of translation over time is one or more time slots.
  • the flexible candidate resource occupies the last corresponding number of symbols of the time slot within the time window.
  • the time window is the same as the time window in which the flexible candidate resource for transmitting the first reference signal used by the neighboring cell at the same frequency point is located.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a base station, including:
  • a first determining unit configured to determine a candidate resource set used when transmitting the first reference signal on the cell that uses the unlicensed frequency band, where the candidate resource set includes the preset resource and the at least one flexible candidate resource, where the preset resource is the active state of the cell
  • the resource in the time window that needs to be used when transmitting the first reference signal according to the first period, the flexible candidate resource is a candidate resource obtained by shifting the preset resource in time and in the time window, and the time window appears as a period In the second period, the second period is greater than the first period;
  • a second determining unit configured to determine a first candidate resource used when transmitting the first reference signal in the cell that uses the unlicensed frequency band, where the channel on the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is in an idle state, and the first candidate
  • the resource is a preset resource or a flexible candidate resource in the candidate resource set
  • a sending unit configured to send the first reference signal on the first candidate resource.
  • the second determining unit is specifically configured to:
  • the channel on the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is in an idle state.
  • the second determining unit is specifically configured to:
  • the random backoff is performed.
  • the channel is still idle during the time of the random backoff, it is determined that the channel on the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is in an idle state.
  • the sending unit is specifically configured to:
  • the transmit padding signal occupies the channel until the start time of the first candidate resource starts to send the first reference signal on the first candidate resource.
  • a reference signal includes a reference signal for cell synchronization
  • the transmitting unit is further configured to:
  • the second reference signal includes one or more of a cell-specific reference signal CRS, a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, and a positioning reference signal PRS.
  • the first reference signal includes a reference signal for cell synchronization
  • the sending unit is further configured to:
  • the padding signal is sent until the end of the time slot at the end of the first candidate resource, and the second reference signal is sent at the beginning of the next time slot;
  • the second reference signal includes one or more of a cell-specific reference signal CRS, a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, and a positioning reference signal PRS.
  • the flexible candidate resource is a resource in which the preset resource is translated forward or backward in time.
  • the granularity of translation in time is one or more time slots.
  • the flexible candidate resource occupies the last corresponding number of symbols of the time slot within the time window.
  • the time window is the same as the time window in which the flexible candidate resource for transmitting the first reference signal used by the neighboring cell at the same frequency point is located.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a user equipment, including:
  • a determining unit configured to determine a time window in which the candidate resource set used when the cell that uses the unlicensed frequency band transmits the first reference signal, where the candidate resource set includes the preset resource and the at least one flexible candidate resource, where the preset resource is the active state of the cell
  • the resource in the time window that needs to be used when transmitting the first reference signal according to the first period, the flexible candidate resource is a candidate resource obtained by shifting the preset resource in time and in the time window, and the time window appears as a period In the second period, the second period is greater than the first period;
  • a detecting unit configured to detect the first reference signal on the unlicensed frequency band within the time window.
  • the first reference signal includes a reference signal for cell synchronization
  • the detecting unit is further configured to:
  • the second reference signal is detected on the unlicensed frequency band, the transmission resource occupied by the second reference signal is later than the transmission resource occupied by the first reference signal, and the second reference signal includes the cell-specific reference.
  • the base station further includes: a receiving unit, configured to receive radio resource control RRC signaling sent by the base station, and the length of the RRC signaling carrying time window and The cycle occurs.
  • the flexible candidate resource is a resource in which the preset resource is translated forward or backward in time.
  • the granularity of translation in time is one or more time slots.
  • the flexible candidate resource occupies the last corresponding number of symbols of the time slot within the time window.
  • the time window is the same as the time window in which the flexible candidate resource for transmitting the first reference signal used by the neighboring cell at the same frequency point is located.
  • a candidate resource set is determined for transmitting a reference signal to increase a transmission opportunity of the reference signal.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can ensure the success rate of transmitting the reference signal without affecting the normal communication of the system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting a reference signal in a cell using an unlicensed frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a candidate resource set according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3 is a schematic diagram of time-frequency resources according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting a reference signal in a cell using an unlicensed frequency band according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a base station according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a user equipment according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a user equipment may be referred to as a terminal (Mobile), a mobile station (Mobile Station, MS), a mobile terminal (Mobile Terminal), etc.
  • the user equipment may be wireless.
  • a Radio Access Network (RAN) communicates with one or more core networks.
  • the user equipment may be a mobile phone (or "cellular" phone), a computer with a mobile terminal, etc., for example, the user equipment It can be a portable, pocket, handheld, computer built-in or in-vehicle mobile device that exchanges voice and/or data with a wireless access network.
  • the base station may be an evolved base station (Evolutional Node B, ENB or e-NodeB) in LTE, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • Evolutional Node B, ENB or e-NodeB evolved base station
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • the following embodiments will be described by taking the base station ENB and the user equipment UE as an example.
  • the base station sends the reference signal in a preset period in order to enable the user equipment in the local cell to obtain the time-frequency synchronization information, the channel estimation information, and the like, and the corresponding base station is in the present
  • the user equipment of the cell detects the reference signal according to the preset period, and obtains time-frequency synchronization information, channel estimation information, and the like according to the detected reference signal.
  • the preset period is referred to as a first period
  • the resource used to transmit the reference signal at a first period position is referred to as a preset resource.
  • the base station transmits signals in the cells of the unlicensed frequency band
  • considering the introduction of the competition mechanism it is difficult for the base station to ensure that the channel of the cell that is allowed to occupy the unlicensed frequency band is located at each preset resource; the base station is in the cell of the unlicensed frequency band.
  • the opportunity to transmit the reference signal is reduced, so that the user equipment in the local cell or the neighboring cell is difficult to obtain the necessary time-frequency synchronization information, channel statistics, and the like in time, thereby affecting the quality of the communication.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for transmitting the reference signal in the cell using the unlicensed frequency band, and attempts to use the preset resource according to the first cycle.
  • a flexible candidate resource is further set in the time window in which the appearance period is the second period, as a candidate resource for transmitting the reference signal.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for transmitting a reference signal in a cell using an unlicensed frequency band according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method shown in Figure 1 can be performed by a base station, the method comprising:
  • the candidate resource set used when transmitting a first reference signal on a cell that uses an unlicensed frequency band, where the candidate resource set includes a preset resource and at least one flexible candidate resource, where the preset resource is in a first cycle when the cell is in an active state.
  • the resource in the time window that needs to be used when transmitting the first reference signal, the flexible candidate resource is a candidate resource obtained by shifting the preset resource in time and in the time window, and the period in which the time window appears is the second period, The second period is greater than the first period.
  • the fact that the cell is in an active state is a concept opposite to the cell being in a dormant state.
  • the reference signal is sent to the UE more frequently, and the frequency of transmitting the reference signal when the cell is in the dormant state is relatively low.
  • the PSS/SSS signal is sent once in 5ms while in the active state, and the PSS/SSS signal is sent once in 40 or 80ms in the sleep state.
  • systems that use unlicensed bands for communication include: LTE systems U-LTE and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) systems deployed on unlicensed bands.
  • LTE systems U-LTE and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) systems deployed on unlicensed bands For example, in order to improve the service capability, the U-LTE serving cell deployed on the unlicensed spectrum is used as a secondary serving cell and a primary serving cell deployed on the licensed spectrum to perform carrier aggregation to serve the UE.
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
  • the secondary serving cell using the unlicensed frequency band provides services for the UE, it is usually required to send some reference signals to the UE for cell identification, cell synchronization, channel measurement, and interference measurement.
  • some reference signals to the UE for cell identification, cell synchronization, channel measurement, and interference measurement.
  • the transmission of the reference signal cannot be completed when the channel is occupied.
  • the candidate resource set is determined for the transmission reference signal, that is, the transmission opportunity of the reference signal is increased, thereby improving the success rate of transmitting the reference signal.
  • the candidate resource set includes a preset resource and at least one flexible candidate resource.
  • the flexible candidate resource and the preset resource are the same in frequency, or the flexible candidate resource is a resource obtained by shifting the preset resource in time.
  • flexible candidate resources need to fall within the time window of periodic occurrence.
  • the second period in which the time window appears is greater than the first period of the preset transmission reference signal.
  • the first period can be 5ms and the second period is 40 or 80ms. It should be understood that these examples are only intended to assist those skilled in the art to better understand the embodiments of the invention and not to limit the invention. The scope of the examples.
  • the size of the time window may be determined in combination with the degree of busyness of the channel, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first candidate resource used in the first reference signal is transmitted in the cell that uses the unlicensed frequency band.
  • the channel on the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is in an idle state, and the first candidate resource is a candidate resource set.
  • the channel busy state at the preset resource and the flexible candidate resource may be determined in chronological order. It is assumed that three resources are available for the current reference signal, and the order in which the three resources appear in time is the first flexible candidate resource, the preset resource, and the second flexible candidate resource.
  • the reference signal is sent at the first flexible candidate resource (in this case, the first flexible candidate resource is the first candidate resource).
  • the channel of the first flexible candidate resource is busy, it needs to continue to determine whether the channel is idle at the preset resource, and if it is idle, the reference signal is sent at the preset resource.
  • the channel at the preset resource is busy, it needs to continue to determine whether the channel is idle at the second flexible candidate resource, and if it is idle, it is in the second flexible candidate resource (in this case, the second flexible candidate resource is the first candidate)
  • the reference signal is sent at the resource).
  • the first reference signal cannot be sent on the second flexible candidate resource, that is, the first reference signal is sent this time.
  • a candidate resource set is determined for transmitting a reference signal to increase a transmission opportunity of the reference signal.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can ensure the success rate of transmitting the reference signal without affecting the normal communication of the system.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can meet the requirements of cell synchronization and CSI measurement, thereby ensuring the demodulation and mobility performance of the UE.
  • the mainstream deployment scenario of the embodiment of the present invention is to perform carrier aggregation on the primary serving cell on the licensed spectrum and the U-LTE secondary serving cell on the unlicensed spectrum.
  • the LTE primary serving cell and the U-LTE secondary serving cell may be co-located or non-co-located, and the ideal return path between the two serving cells.
  • the present invention can also be deployed in a scenario where there is no ideal backhaul path between the two serving cells, for example, the backhaul delay is large, and the information cannot be quickly coordinated between the two serving cells.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can also deploy a U-LTE serving cell that can be independently accessed, that is, U-LTE at this time. The serving cell does not need to perform carrier aggregation with the LTE serving cell.
  • the CSA on the idle channel is evaluated and the result of the CCA is obtained. Then, according to the result of the CCA, it is determined that the channel on the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is in an idle state.
  • the result of the CCA indicates that the channel is idle
  • determining that the channel on the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is in an idle state e.g., determining that the channel on the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is in an idle state.
  • the random backoff is performed. When the channel is still idle during the time of the random backoff, it is determined that the channel on the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is in an idle state.
  • the time window appears once every 40 ms.
  • the time window includes a preset resource and at least one flexible candidate resource.
  • the starting moment of the CCA may be at a preset time interval before the flexible candidate resource.
  • the preset resource is a resource used when the first reference signal is sent when the transmission period is 5 ms, that is, the cell transmits the first reference signal according to a preset 5 ms period whether in the time window or the time window.
  • the cell is also provided with flexible candidate resources to increase the transmission opportunity of the first reference signal.
  • the last two symbols of the first slot of the first subframe in the time window are the preset resources.
  • the flexible candidate resource may perform time domain translation on the preset resource in a time window, where the translation may be early or delayed.
  • Figure 2 shows the last two symbols of the second sub-frame of the time window (i.e., the 13th and 14th symbols in the sub-frame).
  • the time granularity of the specific translation may be a symbol level, a slot level, or a sub-frame level.
  • the symbol level refers to a translational copy every 4 symbols
  • the slot level refers to a translational copy of the 7 symbols included in every other time slot
  • the sub-frame level refers to a translational copy of the 14 symbols included in one sub-frame.
  • the first reference signal is directly sent on the first candidate resource, and when the random backoff is not performed, the priority of the transmitted reference signal may be increased, thereby The success rate of transmitting the reference signal is high.
  • a random backoff is performed first.
  • the first reference signal is sent on the first candidate resource if the channel is still idle during the random backoff time. This can protect the signal transmission of other communication devices in the system, and prevent mutual interference between the transmission of the reference signal of the cell and the signal transmission of other communication devices.
  • the CCA start starting point may be a start time of the first subframe of the time window, where the preset time interval is 5 symbols.
  • the foregoing preset time interval may also be the current maximum backoff time, such as the length of the contention window in the backoff mechanism, and is specifically equal to the maximum length of the CCA unit time multiplied by the value range of the backoff counter.
  • the first reference signal is sent on the first candidate resource.
  • the reference signal may be directly transmitted on the first candidate resource. It should be understood that the same as the starting time of the first candidate resource does not require strict consistency in numbers, as long as the difference between the two is less than a preset threshold, it can be considered that the time when the channel busy state is idle is the first time The starting moments of the candidate resources are the same.
  • the transmit padding signal occupies the channel until the start time of the first candidate resource starts to send the first reference signal on the first candidate resource.
  • the cell has performed CCA for transmitting data, and enters a random backoff process.
  • the foregoing data may be prepared for transmission by the UE, or may be prepared for transmission by other UEs. If, during the random backoff process for data transmission, the flexible candidate resource for transmitting the reference signal arrives, the random back-off counter is suspended first, and after waiting for the reference signal to be transmitted, the above-mentioned CCA for data transmission is resumed. The back counter that was made.
  • the CCA starting point for starting the transmission of the reference signal that is, the preset time interval before the flexible candidate resource, can transmit the CCA of the reference signal in an advanced behavior.
  • the backoff counter of the CCA made for sending data is temporarily suspended.
  • the CCA starting point for the transmission of the reference signal that is, the preset time interval before the flexible candidate resource is reached, the CCA of the data transmission and the reference signal transmission can be simultaneously performed. If the CCA of the reference signal is successful first, the reference signal may be sent first, and the backoff counter of the CCA sent by the data is suspended, and then resumed after the reference signal is sent. If the CCA sent by the data is successful first, the data and reference signals can be sent.
  • the first reference signal includes a reference signal for cell synchronization. After transmitting the first reference signal on the first candidate resource, when the first candidate resource occupies the last corresponding number of symbols of the time slot, transmitting the second reference signal at the beginning of the next time slot at the end of the first candidate resource .
  • the padding signal is sent at the end of the first candidate resource until the time slot ends, and at the beginning of the next time slot.
  • the second reference signal is sent.
  • the second reference signal includes one or more of a cell-specific reference signal CRS, a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, and a positioning reference signal PRS.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of time-frequency resources according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the minimum resource granularity is called a Resource Element (RE), that is, an OFDM symbol in the time domain and a time-frequency grid point of one OFDM subcarrier on the frequency domain.
  • RE Resource Element
  • the preset resource is located at the end of the first slot of subframe 0. If the flexible candidate resource is not at the end of the time slot, if the first candidate reference signal is successfully occupied by the flexible candidate resource, the padding signal occupation channel needs to be sent first, and the CRS (second reference signal) is sent to the beginning of the next time slot. )signal. This can ensure that the pattern of the downlink data does not change, thereby avoiding the increase of UE detection complexity.
  • the flexible candidate resource is directly selected at the end of the time slot, and then the CRS can be directly sent after the first reference signal is sent, so that the pattern of the downlink data does not change, thereby avoiding the increase of UE detection complexity. .
  • system overhead can be reduced because it is not necessary to send a fill signal.
  • the foregoing second reference signal may also be different from the current CRS, for example, the second reference signal may be a CRS of consecutive N symbols instead of a CRS that previously occupied the discrete symbol.
  • the symbols of CRS in the 14 symbols of the current sub-frame are symbols 0, 4, 7, and 11, and the changed CRS can be 7, 8, 9, and 10.
  • PSS/SSS is on symbols 5 and 6.
  • the CRS on each symbol can be the same as the position of the CRS on each original symbol, or the frequency domain subcarrier shift can be performed.
  • the channel can be continuously occupied, and other strong interference nodes will not preempt the channel; and the time domain resource overhead can be saved compared with the original CRS scheme that occupies non-contiguous symbols. Since the CRS occupies consecutive time domain symbols, the detection performance of the signal can also be enhanced, so that the PSS/SSS can be canceled and only the CRS can be sent for cell identification and measurement.
  • the flexible candidate resource is a resource in which the preset resource is translated forward or backward in time.
  • the granularity of translation over time is one or more time slots.
  • the flexible candidate resource occupies the last corresponding number of symbols of the time slot within the time window.
  • the flexible candidate resource occupies two symbols in the time domain
  • the flexible candidate resource is a resource corresponding to the last two symbols of a certain time slot in the time window.
  • the time window is the same as a time window in which the flexible candidate resource for transmitting the first reference signal used by the neighboring cell at the same frequency point is located.
  • multiple U-LTE secondary serving cells at the same frequency point may select the same time window. That is to say, the length of the time window of each U-LTE secondary serving cell and the period of occurrence are the same.
  • the UE can identify and measure all the cells on the frequency point as much as possible within the time window, which reduces the complexity of the UE measurement and saves the power consumption of the UE.
  • it also provides guarantee for cooperation of each U-LTE secondary serving cell.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting a reference signal in a cell using an unlicensed frequency band according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method shown in Figure 4 can be performed by a UE, the method comprising:
  • the 401 Determine a time window in which the candidate resource set used by the cell that uses the unlicensed frequency band to transmit the first reference signal, where the candidate resource set includes the preset resource and the at least one flexible candidate resource, where the preset resource is in the active state.
  • the flexible candidate resource is a candidate resource obtained by shifting the preset resource in time and in the time window, and the period in which the time window appears is the second cycle. The second period is greater than the first period.
  • systems that use unlicensed bands for communication are: LTE deployed on unlicensed bands System U-LTE and WLAN systems, etc.
  • the U-LTE serving cell deployed on the unlicensed spectrum is used as a secondary serving cell and a primary serving cell deployed on the licensed spectrum to perform carrier aggregation to serve the UE.
  • the secondary serving cell using the unlicensed frequency band provides services for the UE, it is usually required to send some reference signals to the UE for cell identification, cell synchronization, channel measurement, and interference measurement.
  • some reference signals to the UE for cell identification, cell synchronization, channel measurement, and interference measurement.
  • the transmission of the reference signal cannot be completed when the channel is occupied.
  • the candidate resource set is determined for the transmission reference signal, that is, the transmission opportunity of the reference signal is increased, thereby improving the success rate of transmitting the reference signal.
  • the candidate resource set includes a preset resource and at least one flexible candidate resource.
  • the flexible candidate resource and the preset resource are the same in frequency, or the flexible candidate resource is a resource obtained by shifting the preset resource in time.
  • flexible candidate resources need to fall within the time window of periodic occurrence.
  • the second period in which the time window appears is greater than the first period of the preset transmission reference signal.
  • the first period can be 5ms and the second period is 40 or 80ms.
  • the size of the time window may be determined in combination with the degree of busyness of the channel, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the UE may first determine a time window in which the flexible candidate resource is located (eg, the length of the time window and the appearance period), and thus may know the time at which the first reference signal needs to be detected.
  • a time window in which the flexible candidate resource is located eg, the length of the time window and the appearance period
  • the first reference signal sent by the multiple neighboring cells may be detected at the same time.
  • a candidate resource set is determined for transmitting a reference signal to increase a transmission opportunity of the reference signal.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can ensure the success rate of transmitting the reference signal without affecting the normal communication of the system.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can meet the requirements of cell synchronization and CSI measurement, thereby ensuring the demodulation and mobility performance of the UE.
  • the mainstream deployment scenario of the embodiment of the present invention is to perform carrier aggregation on the primary serving cell on the licensed spectrum and the U-LTE secondary serving cell on the unlicensed spectrum.
  • the LTE primary serving cell and the U-LTE secondary serving cell may be deployed together, or may be non-co-located, and two serving cells There is an ideal return path between them.
  • the present invention can also be deployed in a scenario where there is no ideal backhaul path between the two serving cells, for example, the backhaul delay is large, and the information cannot be quickly coordinated between the two serving cells.
  • the U-LTE serving cell that can be independently accessed may be deployed in the embodiment of the present invention, that is, the U-LTE serving cell does not need to perform carrier aggregation with the LTE serving cell.
  • the first reference signal comprises a reference signal for cell synchronization.
  • the second reference signal After detecting the first reference signal on the unlicensed frequency band, if the first reference signal is successfully detected, the second reference signal is detected on the unlicensed frequency band.
  • the transmission resource occupied by the second reference signal is later than the transmission resource occupied by the first reference signal, and the second reference signal includes the cell-specific reference signal CRS, the channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, and the positioning reference signal PRS.
  • the second reference signal includes the cell-specific reference signal CRS, the channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, and the positioning reference signal PRS.
  • the UE may assume that the base station does not transmit the second reference signal, and thus does not detect the second reference signal or other corresponding preparation work. After successfully detecting the first reference signal, the UE detects the second reference signal again.
  • the resource location of the second reference signal such as the CRS
  • the flexible candidate resources of the PSS/SSS may be based on time domain translation at the slot level or the subframe level, that is, the flexible candidate resources of the PSS/SSS may be on the last two symbols of the time slot or the subframe. In this way, it can be determined that the CRS after the PSS/SSS occupies a complete time slot or subframe, and does not change the resource position of the CRS in the time slot or the subframe, and has no effect on normal data scheduling and transmission of other reference signals.
  • the UE assumes that the second reference signal exists after the detected PSS/SSS, that is, before the detected PSS/SSS time domain location, that the CRS does not exist, so that the UE can prevent the presence of the CRS from being blindly detected. .
  • the radio resource control (RRC) message sent by the receiving base station is sent before determining a time window in which the flexible candidate resource used by the cell that uses the unlicensed band transmits the first reference signal.
  • RRC signaling carry the length of the time window and the period of occurrence.
  • the flexible candidate resource is a resource in which the preset resource is translated forward or backward in time.
  • the granularity of translation over time is one or more time slots.
  • the flexible candidate resource occupies the last corresponding number of symbols of the time slot within the time window.
  • the flexible candidate resource occupies two symbols in the time domain
  • the flexible candidate resource is a resource corresponding to the last two symbols of a certain time slot in the time window.
  • the time window is the same as the time window in which the flexible candidate resource for transmitting the first reference signal used by the neighboring cell at the same frequency point is located.
  • multiple U-LTE secondary serving cells at the same frequency point may select the same time window. That is to say, the length of the time window of each U-LTE secondary serving cell and the period of occurrence are the same.
  • the UE can identify and measure all the cells on the frequency point as much as possible within the time window, which reduces the complexity of the UE measurement and saves the power consumption of the UE.
  • it also provides guarantee for cooperation of each U-LTE secondary serving cell.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station shown in FIG. 5 includes a first determining unit 501, a second determining unit 502, and a transmitting unit 503.
  • the first determining unit 501 is configured to determine a candidate resource set used when transmitting the first reference signal on the cell that uses the unlicensed frequency band, where the candidate resource set includes the preset resource and the at least one flexible candidate resource, where the preset resource is the cell is activated.
  • the resource in the time window that needs to be used when transmitting the first reference signal according to the first period, and the flexible candidate resource is a candidate resource obtained by shifting the preset resource in time and in the time window, and the time window appears For the second period, the second period is greater than the first period.
  • the fact that the cell is in an active state is a concept opposite to the cell being in a dormant state.
  • the reference signal is sent to the UE more frequently, and the frequency of transmitting the reference signal when the cell is in the dormant state is relatively low.
  • the PSS/SSS signal is sent once in 5ms while in the active state, and the PSS/SSS signal is sent once in 40 or 80ms in the sleep state.
  • systems that use unlicensed bands for communication include: LTE systems U-LTE and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) systems deployed on unlicensed bands.
  • LTE systems U-LTE and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) systems deployed on unlicensed bands For example, in order to improve the service capability, the U-LTE serving cell deployed on the unlicensed spectrum is used as a secondary serving cell and a primary serving cell deployed on the licensed spectrum to perform carrier aggregation to serve the UE.
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
  • the secondary serving cell using the unlicensed frequency band provides services for the UE, it is usually required to send some reference signals to the UE for cell identification, cell synchronization, channel measurement, and interference measurement.
  • some reference signals to the UE for cell identification, cell synchronization, channel measurement, and interference measurement.
  • the transmission of the reference signal cannot be completed when the channel is occupied.
  • the candidate resource set is determined for the transmission reference signal, that is, the transmission opportunity of the reference signal is increased, thereby improving the success rate of transmitting the reference signal.
  • the candidate resource set includes a preset resource and at least one flexible candidate resource.
  • the flexible candidate resource and the preset resource are the same in frequency, or the flexible candidate resource is a resource obtained by shifting the preset resource in time.
  • flexible candidate resources need to fall within the time window of periodic occurrence.
  • the second period in which the time window appears is greater than the first period of the preset transmission reference signal.
  • the first period can be 5ms and the second period is 40 or 80ms.
  • the size of the time window may be determined in combination with the degree of busyness of the channel, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • a second determining unit 502 configured to determine a first candidate resource used when transmitting the first reference signal in the cell that uses the unlicensed frequency band, where the channel on the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is in an idle state, and the first The candidate resource is a preset resource or a flexible candidate resource in the candidate resource set.
  • the sending unit 503 is configured to send the first reference signal on the first candidate resource.
  • the channel busy state at the preset resource and the flexible candidate resource may be determined in chronological order. It is assumed that three resources are available for the current reference signal, and the order in which the three resources appear in time is the first flexible candidate resource, the preset resource, and the second flexible candidate resource.
  • the reference signal is sent at the first flexible candidate resource (in this case, the first flexible candidate resource is the first candidate resource).
  • the channel of the first flexible candidate resource is busy, it needs to continue to determine whether the channel is idle at the preset resource, and if it is idle, the reference signal is sent at the preset resource.
  • the channel at the preset resource is busy, it needs to continue to determine whether the channel is idle at the second flexible candidate resource, and if it is idle, it is in the second flexible candidate resource (in this case, the second flexible candidate resource is the first candidate)
  • the reference signal is sent at the resource).
  • the first reference signal cannot be sent on the second flexible candidate resource, that is, the first reference signal is sent this time.
  • a candidate resource set is determined for transmitting a reference signal to increase a transmission opportunity of the reference signal.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can ensure the success rate of transmitting the reference signal without affecting the normal communication of the system.
  • the present invention when transmitting a reference signal in a communication system using an unlicensed spectrum, the present invention
  • the solution provided by the embodiment can meet the requirements of cell synchronization and CSI measurement, thereby ensuring demodulation and mobility performance of the UE.
  • the mainstream deployment scenario of the embodiment of the present invention is to perform carrier aggregation on the primary serving cell on the licensed spectrum and the U-LTE secondary serving cell on the unlicensed spectrum.
  • the LTE primary serving cell and the U-LTE secondary serving cell may be co-located or non-co-located, and the ideal return path between the two serving cells.
  • the present invention can also be deployed in a scenario where there is no ideal backhaul path between the two serving cells, for example, the backhaul delay is large, and the information cannot be quickly coordinated between the two serving cells.
  • the U-LTE serving cell that can be independently accessed may be deployed in the embodiment of the present invention, that is, the U-LTE serving cell does not need to perform carrier aggregation with the LTE serving cell.
  • the second determining unit 502 is specifically configured to: at a preset time interval before the first candidate resource, start an idle channel evaluation CCA on the unlicensed frequency to obtain a result of the CCA. Then, according to the result of the CCA, it is determined that the channel on the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is in an idle state.
  • the second determining unit 502 is specifically configured to: when the result of the CCA indicates that the channel is idle, determine that the channel on the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is in an idle state.
  • the random backoff is performed. When the channel is still idle during the time of the random backoff, it is determined that the channel on the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is in an idle state.
  • the first reference signal is directly sent on the first candidate resource, and when the random backoff is not performed, the priority of the transmitted reference signal can be improved, thereby improving the success rate of transmitting the reference signal.
  • a random backoff is performed first.
  • the first reference signal is sent on the first candidate resource if the channel is still idle during the random backoff time. This can protect the signal transmission of other communication devices in the system, and prevent mutual interference between the transmission of the reference signal of the cell and the signal transmission of other communication devices.
  • the CCA start starting point may be a start time of the first subframe of the time window, where the preset time interval is 5 symbols.
  • the foregoing preset time interval may also be the current maximum backoff time, such as the length of the contention window in the backoff mechanism, which is specifically equal to the CCA unit. The length of time is multiplied by the maximum value range of the backoff counter.
  • the sending unit 503 is specifically configured to: if the time when the channel is determined to be in an idle state is the same as the start time of the first candidate resource, send the first reference signal on the first candidate resource.
  • the reference signal may be directly transmitted on the first candidate resource. It should be understood that the same as the starting time of the first candidate resource does not require strict consistency in numbers, as long as the difference between the two is less than a preset threshold, it can be considered that the time when the channel busy state is idle is the first time The starting moments of the candidate resources are the same.
  • the transmit padding signal occupies the channel until the start time of the first candidate resource starts to send the first reference signal on the first candidate resource.
  • the first reference signal includes a reference signal for cell synchronization.
  • the sending unit 503 is further configured to: when the first candidate resource occupies the last corresponding number of symbols of the time slot, send the second reference signal at the beginning of the next time slot when the first candidate resource ends.
  • the second reference signal includes one or more of a cell-specific reference signal CRS, a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, and a positioning reference signal PRS.
  • the first reference signal includes a reference signal for cell synchronization
  • the sending unit 503 is further configured to: when the first candidate resource is not the last corresponding number of symbols of the occupied time slot, in the first A candidate signal is sent at the end of the time until the end of the time slot, and the second reference signal is transmitted at the beginning of the next time slot.
  • the second reference signal includes one or more of a cell-specific reference signal CRS, a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, and a positioning reference signal PRS.
  • the flexible candidate resource is a resource in which the preset resource is translated forward or backward in time.
  • the granularity of translation over time is one or more time slots.
  • the flexible candidate resource occupies the last corresponding number of symbols of the time slot within the time window.
  • the flexible candidate resource occupies two symbols in the time domain, then the flexible candidate resource is A resource corresponding to the last two symbols of a time slot within a time window.
  • the time window is the same as the time window in which the flexible candidate resource for transmitting the first reference signal used by the neighboring cell at the same frequency point is located.
  • multiple U-LTE secondary serving cells at the same frequency point may select the same time window. That is to say, the length of the time window of each U-LTE secondary serving cell and the period of occurrence are the same.
  • the UE can identify and measure all the cells on the frequency point as much as possible within the time window, which reduces the complexity of the UE measurement and saves the power consumption of the UE.
  • it also provides guarantee for cooperation of each U-LTE secondary serving cell.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the user equipment shown in FIG. 6 includes a determining unit 601 and a detecting unit 602.
  • the determining unit 601 is configured to determine a time window in which the candidate resource set used when the cell that uses the unlicensed frequency band transmits the first reference signal, where the candidate resource set includes the preset resource and the at least one flexible candidate resource, where the preset resource is the cell is activated.
  • the resource in the time window that needs to be used when transmitting the first reference signal according to the first period, and the flexible candidate resource is a candidate resource obtained by shifting the preset resource in time and in the time window, and the time window appears For the second period, the second period is greater than the first period.
  • systems that use unlicensed bands for communication include: LTE systems U-LTE and WLAN systems deployed on unlicensed bands.
  • the U-LTE serving cell deployed on the unlicensed spectrum is used as a secondary serving cell and a primary serving cell deployed on the licensed spectrum to perform carrier aggregation to serve the UE.
  • the secondary serving cell using the unlicensed frequency band provides services for the UE, it is usually required to send some reference signals to the UE for cell identification, cell synchronization, channel measurement, and interference measurement.
  • some reference signals to the UE for cell identification, cell synchronization, channel measurement, and interference measurement.
  • the transmission of the reference signal cannot be completed when the channel is occupied.
  • the candidate resource set is determined for the transmission reference signal, that is, the transmission opportunity of the reference signal is increased, thereby improving the success rate of transmitting the reference signal.
  • the candidate resource set includes a preset resource and at least one flexible candidate resource.
  • the flexible candidate resource and the preset resource are the same in frequency, or the flexible candidate resource is a resource obtained by shifting the preset resource in time.
  • flexible candidate resources need to fall within the time window of periodic occurrence.
  • the second period in which the time window appears is greater than the first period of the preset transmission reference signal.
  • the first period can be 5ms and the second period is 40 or 80ms. It should be understood that these examples The present invention is only intended to assist those skilled in the art to better understand the embodiments of the present invention and not to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the size of the time window may be determined in combination with the degree of busyness of the channel, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the UE may first determine a time window in which the flexible candidate resource is located (eg, the length of the time window and the appearance period), and thus may know the time at which the first reference signal needs to be detected.
  • a time window in which the flexible candidate resource is located eg, the length of the time window and the appearance period
  • the detecting unit 602 is configured to detect the first reference signal on the unlicensed frequency band within the time window.
  • the first reference signals sent by the multiple neighboring cells may be detected at the same time.
  • a candidate resource set is determined for transmitting a reference signal to increase a transmission opportunity of the reference signal.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can ensure the success rate of transmitting the reference signal without affecting the normal communication of the system.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can meet the requirements of cell synchronization and CSI measurement, thereby ensuring the demodulation and mobility performance of the UE.
  • the mainstream deployment scenario of the embodiment of the present invention is to perform carrier aggregation on the primary serving cell on the licensed spectrum and the U-LTE secondary serving cell on the unlicensed spectrum.
  • the LTE primary serving cell and the U-LTE secondary serving cell may be co-located or non-co-located, and the ideal return path between the two serving cells.
  • the present invention can also be deployed in a scenario where there is no ideal backhaul path between the two serving cells, for example, the backhaul delay is large, and the information cannot be quickly coordinated between the two serving cells.
  • the U-LTE serving cell that can be independently accessed may be deployed in the embodiment of the present invention, that is, the U-LTE serving cell does not need to perform carrier aggregation with the LTE serving cell.
  • the first reference signal comprises a reference signal for cell synchronization.
  • the detecting unit 602 is further configured to: if the first reference signal is successfully detected, detect the second reference signal on the unlicensed frequency band, where the transmission resource occupied by the second reference signal is later than the transmission resource occupied by the first reference signal,
  • the two reference signals include one or more of a cell-specific reference signal CRS, a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, and a positioning reference signal PRS.
  • the UE may assume that the base station does not transmit the second reference signal, and thus does not detect the second reference signal or other corresponding preparation work. In After successfully detecting the first reference signal, the UE detects the second reference signal again.
  • the resource location of the second reference signal such as the CRS
  • the flexible candidate resources of the PSS/SSS may be based on time domain translation at the slot level or the subframe level, that is, the flexible candidate resources of the PSS/SSS may be on the last two symbols of the time slot or the subframe. In this way, it can be determined that the CRS after the PSS/SSS occupies a complete time slot or subframe, and does not change the resource position of the CRS in the time slot or the subframe, and has no effect on normal data scheduling and transmission of other reference signals.
  • the UE assumes that the second reference signal exists after the detected PSS/SSS, that is, before the detected PSS/SSS time domain location, that the CRS does not exist, so that the UE can prevent the presence of the CRS from being blindly detected. .
  • the user equipment further includes a receiving unit 603, configured to receive radio resource control RRC signaling sent by the base station, where the RRC signaling carries a time window and an appearance period.
  • a receiving unit 603 configured to receive radio resource control RRC signaling sent by the base station, where the RRC signaling carries a time window and an appearance period.
  • the flexible candidate resource is a resource in which the preset resource is translated forward or backward in time.
  • the granularity of translation over time is one or more time slots.
  • the flexible candidate resource occupies the last corresponding number of symbols of the time slot within the time window.
  • the flexible candidate resource occupies two symbols in the time domain
  • the flexible candidate resource is a resource corresponding to the last two symbols of a certain time slot in the time window.
  • the time window is the same as the time window in which the flexible candidate resource for transmitting the first reference signal used by the neighboring cell at the same frequency point is located.
  • multiple U-LTE secondary serving cells at the same frequency point may select the same time window. That is to say, the length of the time window of each U-LTE secondary serving cell and the period of occurrence are the same.
  • the UE can identify and measure all the cells on the frequency point as much as possible within the time window, which reduces the complexity of the UE measurement and saves the power consumption of the UE.
  • it also provides guarantee for cooperation of each U-LTE secondary serving cell.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a base station according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station 70 of FIG. 7 can be used to implement the steps and methods in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • base station 70 includes an antenna 701, a transmitter 702, a receiver 703, a processor 704, and a memory 705.
  • Processor 704 controls the operation of base station 70 and can be used to process signals.
  • Memory 705 can include read only memory and random access memory and provides instructions and data to processor 704.
  • Transmitter 702 and receiver 703 can be coupled to antenna 701.
  • the various components of base station 70 are coupled together by bus system 706,
  • the medium bus system 706 includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus in addition to the data bus. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 706 in the figure.
  • the memory 705 can store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the flexible candidate resource is a candidate resource obtained by shifting a preset resource in time and within a time window. The period in which the time window appears is a second period, and the second period is Greater than the first period;
  • a candidate resource set is determined for transmitting a reference signal to increase a transmission opportunity of the reference signal.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can ensure the success rate of transmitting the reference signal without affecting the normal communication of the system.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can meet the requirements of cell synchronization and CSI measurement, thereby ensuring the demodulation and mobility performance of the UE.
  • the mainstream deployment scenario of the embodiment of the present invention is to perform carrier aggregation on the primary serving cell on the licensed spectrum and the U-LTE secondary serving cell on the unlicensed spectrum.
  • the LTE primary serving cell and the U-LTE secondary serving cell may be co-located or non-co-located, and the ideal return path between the two serving cells.
  • the present invention can also be deployed in a scenario where there is no ideal backhaul path between the two serving cells, for example, the backhaul delay is large, and the information cannot be quickly coordinated between the two serving cells.
  • the U-LTE serving cell that can be independently accessed may be deployed in the embodiment of the present invention, that is, the U-LTE serving cell does not need to perform carrier aggregation with the LTE serving cell.
  • the memory 705 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the memory 705 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the random backoff is performed.
  • the channel is still idle during the time of the random backoff, it is determined that the channel on the unlicensed frequency band corresponding to the first candidate resource is in an idle state.
  • the memory 705 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the transmit padding signal occupies the channel until the start time of the first candidate resource starts to send the first reference signal on the first candidate resource.
  • the memory 705 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the first reference signal includes a reference signal for cell synchronization, after the first candidate resource occupies the last corresponding number of symbols of the time slot after transmitting the first reference signal on the first candidate resource, at the end of the first candidate resource Transmitting a second reference signal at the beginning of the next time slot;
  • the second reference signal includes one or more of a cell-specific reference signal CRS, a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, and a positioning reference signal PRS.
  • the memory 705 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the first reference signal includes a reference signal for cell synchronization. After the first reference signal is sent on the first candidate resource, when the first candidate resource is not the last corresponding number of symbols occupying the time slot, the first candidate resource ends. Transmitting a fill signal until the end of the time slot, and transmitting a second reference signal at the beginning of the next time slot;
  • the second reference signal includes one or more of a cell-specific reference signal CRS, a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, and a positioning reference signal PRS.
  • the memory 705 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • a flexible candidate resource is a resource in which a preset resource is shifted forward or backward in time.
  • the memory 705 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the granularity of translation over time is one or more time slots.
  • the memory 705 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the flexible candidate resource occupies the last corresponding number of symbols of the time slot within the time window.
  • the memory 705 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the time window is the same as the time window in which the flexible candidate resources for transmitting the first reference signal used by the neighboring cells at the same frequency point are located.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram of a user equipment according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the user equipment 80 of FIG. 8 can be used to implement the steps and methods in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • user equipment 80 includes an antenna 801, a transmitter 802, a receiver 803, a processor 804, and a memory 805.
  • Processor 804 controls the operation of base station 80 and can be used to process signals.
  • Memory 805 can include read only memory and random access memory and provides instructions and data to processor 804.
  • Transmitter 802 and receiver 803 can be coupled to antenna 801.
  • the various components of base station 80 are coupled together by a bus system 806, which in addition to the data bus includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 806 in the figure.
  • the memory 805 can store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the candidate resource set includes the preset resource and the at least one flexible candidate resource, and the preset resource is in the first cycle when the cell is in the active state.
  • the resource in the time window that needs to be used when transmitting the first reference signal, the flexible candidate resource is a candidate resource obtained by shifting the preset resource in time and in the time window, and the period in which the time window appears is the second period, The second period is greater than the first period;
  • the first reference signal is detected on the unlicensed band within the time window.
  • a candidate resource set is determined for transmitting a reference signal to increase a transmission opportunity of the reference signal.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can ensure the success rate of transmitting the reference signal without affecting the normal communication of the system.
  • the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention can meet the requirements of cell synchronization and CSI measurement, thereby ensuring the demodulation and mobility performance of the UE.
  • the mainstream deployment scenario of the embodiment of the present invention is to perform carrier aggregation on the primary serving cell on the licensed spectrum and the U-LTE secondary serving cell on the unlicensed spectrum.
  • the LTE primary serving cell and the U-LTE secondary serving cell may be co-located or non-co-located, and the ideal return path between the two serving cells.
  • the present invention can also be deployed in a field with no ideal return path between two serving cells. Scenes, such as a large delay in return, result in inability to quickly coordinate information between the two serving cells.
  • the U-LTE serving cell that can be independently accessed may be deployed in the embodiment of the present invention, that is, the U-LTE serving cell does not need to perform carrier aggregation with the LTE serving cell.
  • the memory 805 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the first reference signal includes a reference signal for cell synchronization. After detecting the first reference signal on the unlicensed frequency band, if the first reference signal is successfully detected, the second reference signal is detected on the unlicensed frequency band, and the second reference signal is occupied.
  • the transmission resource is later than the transmission resource occupied by the first reference signal, and the second reference signal includes one or more of a cell-specific reference signal CRS, a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS, and a positioning reference signal PRS.
  • the memory 805 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the radio resource control RRC signaling sent by the base station, the length and the appearance period of the RRC signaling carrying time window are received.
  • the memory 805 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • a flexible candidate resource is a resource in which a preset resource is shifted forward or backward in time.
  • the memory 805 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the granularity of translation over time is one or more time slots.
  • the memory 805 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the flexible candidate resource occupies the last corresponding number of symbols of the time slot within the time window.
  • the memory 805 may also store instructions to perform the following process:
  • the time window is the same as the time window in which the flexible candidate resources for transmitting the first reference signal used by the neighboring cells at the same frequency point are located.
  • the size of the sequence numbers of the above processes does not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not be taken to the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.
  • the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, or an electrical, mechanical or other form of connection.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present invention contributes in essence or to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like, which can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种在使用非授权频段的小区中传输参考信号的方法及设备。该方法包括：确定在使用非授权频段的小区上传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合，候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源；确定在使用非授权频段的小区中传输第一参考信号时使用的第一候选资源，第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态，且第一候选资源为候选资源集合中的预设资源或者灵活候选资源；在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号。本发明实施例能够提高发送参考信号的成功率。

Description

在使用非授权频段的小区中传输参考信号的方法及设备 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种在使用非授权频段的小区中传输参考信号的方法及设备。
背景技术
在进行小区选择、重选或切换时，用户设备(User Equipment，UE)需要根据基站发送的参考信号进行小区同步及识别、信道状态信息(Channel State Information，CSI)测量和无线资源管理(Radio Resource Management，RRM)测量。小区同步包括初始粗同步和时频跟踪精同步。具体地，UE可以根据基站周期性发送的主同步信号(Primary Synchronization Signal，PSS)和辅同步信号(Secondary Synchronization Signal，SSS)完成初始粗同步，根据基站周期性发送的小区特定参考信号(Cell-specific Reference Signal，CRS)完成时频跟踪精同步。CSI测量包括信道测量和干扰测量。UE可以根据基站发送的CRS或信道状态信息参考信号(Channel State Information Reference Signal，CSI-RS)来进行信道测量和干扰测量。RRM测量包括参考信号接收功率(Reference Signal Received Power，RSRP)测量、参考信号接收质量(Reference Signal Received Quality，RSRQ)测量和接收信号强度指示(Received Signal Strength Indicator，RSSI)测量等，UE可以根据基站周期性发送的CRS来完成RRM测量。
然而，在使用非授权频谱的通信系统中，使用非授权频谱进行通信时需要满足一定的共存法规。例如，先检测后发送(Listen-Before-Talk，LBT)法规。具体地，基站在非授权频谱对应的信道上发送信号之前，需要对该信道进行空闲信道评测(Clear Channel Assessment，CCA)。如果检测到的接收功率超过预设的阈值，则认为该信道繁忙，基站暂时不能在该信道上发送信号。当检测到信道空闲时，基站才可以在该信道上发送信号。
因此，由于LBT法规的约束，PSS、SSS、CRS和CSI-RS等参考信号的周期性发送特性会受到影响。例如，在预设周期的发送机会点，基站可能检测到信道繁忙，因而在一个或多个发送机会点无法发送参考信号。这样，影响了UE进行小区同步和CSI测量，进而影响了UE的移动性性能。因此， 如何在使用非授权频谱的通信系统中发送参考信号，以满足小区同步和CSI测量的要求，是亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种在使用非授权频段的小区中传输参考信号的方法及设备，能够提高在非授权频段的小区发送参考信号的成功率。
第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种在使用非授权频段的小区中传输参考信号的方法，包括：
确定在使用非授权频段的小区上传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合，候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源，预设资源为小区处于激活态时按照第一周期传输第一参考信号时需要使用的在时间窗内的资源，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上平移后得到的且在时间窗内的候选资源，时间窗出现的周期为第二周期，第二周期大于第一周期；
确定在使用非授权频段的小区中传输第一参考信号时使用的第一候选资源，第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态，且第一候选资源为候选资源集合中的预设资源或者灵活候选资源；
在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种实现方式中，确定在使用非授权频段的小区中传输第一参考信号时使用的第一候选资源，第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态，包括：
在第一候选资源之前的预设时间间隔处，启动在非授权频上的空闲信道评测CCA，得到CCA的结果；
根据CCA的结果，确定第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第二种实现方式中，根据CCA的结果，确定第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态，包括：
当CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，确定第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态；或者
当CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，进行随机回退，当在随机回退的时间内信道仍为空闲时，确定第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空 闲状态。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第三种实现方式中，在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号，包括：
如果确定信道处于空闲状态的时刻与第一候选资源的起始时刻相同，在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号；
如果确定信道处于空闲状态的时刻早于第一候选资源的起始时刻，发送填充信号占用信道，直至第一候选资源的起始时刻开始在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第四种实现方式中，第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号，在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号之后，该方法还包括：
当第一候选资源占用时隙的最后的相应数量的符号时，在第一候选资源结束时的下一个时隙的开始处发送第二参考信号；
其中，第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第五种实现方式中，第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号，在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号之后，该方法还包括：
当第一候选资源不是占用时隙的最后的相应数量的符号时，在第一候选资源结束时发送填充信号直至时隙结束，并在下一个时隙的开始处发送第二参考信号；
其中，第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第六种实现方式中，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上向前平移或向后平移的资源。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第七种实现方式中，在时间上进行平移的粒度为一个或多个时隙。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第八种实现方式中，灵活候选资源占用时间窗内的时隙的最后的相应数量的符号。
结合第一方面及其上述实现方式，在第一方面的第九种实现方式中，时间窗与在相同频点的邻小区使用的发送第一参考信号的灵活候选资源所在 的时间窗相同。
第二方面，本发明实施例提供了一种在使用非授权频段的小区中传输参考信号的方法，包括：
确定使用非授权频段的小区传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合所在的时间窗，候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源，预设资源为小区处于激活态时按照第一周期传输第一参考信号时需要使用的在时间窗内的资源，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上平移后得到的且在时间窗内的候选资源，时间窗出现的周期为第二周期，第二周期大于第一周期；
在时间窗内，在非授权频段上检测第一参考信号。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第一种实现方式中，第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号，在非授权频段上检测第一参考信号之后，方法还包括：
如果成功检测到第一参考信号，在非授权频段上检测第二参考信号，第二参考信号占用的传输资源在时间上晚于第一参考信号占用的传输资源，第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
结合第二方面及其上述实现方式，在第二方面的第二种实现方式中，在确定使用非授权频段的小区传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合所在的时间窗之前，该方法还包括：
接收基站发送的无线资源控制RRC信令，RRC信令携带时间窗的长度及出现周期。
结合第二方面及其上述实现方式，在第二方面的第三种实现方式中，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上向前平移或向后平移的资源。
结合第二方面及其上述实现方式，在第二方面的第四种实现方式中，在时间上进行平移的粒度为一个或多个时隙。
结合第二方面及其上述实现方式，在第二方面的第五种实现方式中，灵活候选资源占用时间窗内的时隙的最后的相应数量的符号。
结合第二方面及其上述实现方式，在第二方面的第六种实现方式中，时间窗与在相同频点的邻小区使用的发送第一参考信号的灵活候选资源所在的时间窗相同。
第三方面，本发明实施例提供了一种基站，包括：
第一确定单元，用于确定在使用非授权频段的小区上传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合，候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源，预设资源为小区处于激活态时按照第一周期传输第一参考信号时需要使用的在时间窗内的资源，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上平移后得到的且在时间窗内的候选资源，时间窗出现的周期为第二周期，第二周期大于第一周期；
第二确定单元，用于确定在使用非授权频段的小区中传输第一参考信号时使用的第一候选资源，第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态，且第一候选资源为候选资源集合中的预设资源或者灵活候选资源；
发送单元，用于在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的第一种实现方式中，第二确定单元具体用于，
在第一候选资源之前的预设时间间隔处，启动在非授权频上的空闲信道评测CCA，得到CCA的结果；
根据CCA的结果，确定第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态。
结合第三方面及其上述实现方式，在第三方面的第二种实现方式中，第二确定单元具体用于，
当CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，确定第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态；或者
当CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，进行随机回退，当在随机回退的时间内信道仍为空闲时，确定第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态。
结合第三方面及其上述实现方式，在第三方面的第三种实现方式中，发送单元具体用于，
如果确定信道处于空闲状态的时刻与第一候选资源的起始时刻相同，在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号；
如果确定信道处于空闲状态的时刻早于第一候选资源的起始时刻，发送填充信号占用信道，直至第一候选资源的起始时刻开始在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号。
结合第三方面及其上述实现方式，在第三方面的第四种实现方式中，第 一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号，发送单元还用于，
当第一候选资源占用时隙的最后的相应数量的符号时，在第一候选资源结束时的下一个时隙的开始处发送第二参考信号；
其中，第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
结合第三方面及其上述实现方式，在第三方面的第五种实现方式中，第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号，发送单元还用于，
当第一候选资源不是占用时隙的最后的相应数量的符号时，在第一候选资源结束时发送填充信号直至时隙结束，并在下一个时隙的开始处发送第二参考信号；
其中，第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
结合第三方面及其上述实现方式，在第三方面的第六种实现方式中，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上向前平移或向后平移的资源。
结合第三方面及其上述实现方式，在第三方面的第七种实现方式中，在时间上进行平移的粒度为一个或多个时隙。
结合第三方面及其上述实现方式，在第三方面的第八种实现方式中，灵活候选资源占用时间窗内的时隙的最后的相应数量的符号。
结合第三方面及其上述实现方式，在第三方面的第九种实现方式中，时间窗与在相同频点的邻小区使用的发送第一参考信号的灵活候选资源所在的时间窗相同。
第四方面，本发明实施例提供了一种用户设备，包括：
确定单元，用于确定使用非授权频段的小区传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合所在的时间窗，候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源，预设资源为小区处于激活态时按照第一周期传输第一参考信号时需要使用的在时间窗内的资源，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上平移后得到的且在时间窗内的候选资源，时间窗出现的周期为第二周期，第二周期大于第一周期；
检测单元，用于在时间窗内，在非授权频段上检测第一参考信号。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的第一种实现方式中，第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号，检测单元还用于，
如果成功检测到第一参考信号，在非授权频段上检测第二参考信号，第二参考信号占用的传输资源在时间上晚于第一参考信号占用的传输资源，第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
结合第四方面及其上述实现方式，在第四方面的第二种实现方式中，基站还包括接收单元，用于接收基站发送的无线资源控制RRC信令，RRC信令携带时间窗的长度及出现周期。
结合第四方面及其上述实现方式，在第四方面的第三种实现方式中，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上向前平移或向后平移的资源。
结合第四方面及其上述实现方式，在第四方面的第四种实现方式中，在时间上进行平移的粒度为一个或多个时隙。
结合第四方面及其上述实现方式，在第四方面的第五种实现方式中，灵活候选资源占用时间窗内的时隙的最后的相应数量的符号。
结合第四方面及其上述实现方式，在第四方面的第六种实现方式中，时间窗与在相同频点的邻小区使用的发送第一参考信号的灵活候选资源所在的时间窗相同。
基于上述技术方案，在本发明实施例中，为发送参考信号确定候选资源集合，以增加参考信号的发送机会。这样，本发明实施例能够保证在不影响系统正常通信的前提下，提高发送参考信号的成功率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对本发明实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明一个实施例的在使用非授权频段的小区中传输参考信号的方法的示意性流程图；
图2是本发明实施例的候选资源集合的示意图；
图3是本发明实施例的时频资源的示意图；
图4是本发明另一实施例的在使用非授权频段的小区中传输参考信号的方法的示意性流程图；
图5是本发明一个实施例的基站的示意性框图；
图6是本发明一个实施例的用户设备的示意性框图；
图7是本发明另一实施例的基站的示意性框图；
图8是本发明另一实施例的用户设备的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应属于本发明保护的范围。
应理解，在本发明实施例中，用户设备(User Equipment，UE)可称之为终端(Terminal)、移动台(Mobile Station，MS)、移动终端(Mobile Terminal)等，该用户设备可以经无线接入网(Radio Access Network，RAN)与一个或多个核心网进行通信，例如，用户设备可以是移动电话(或称为“蜂窝”电话)、具有移动终端的计算机等，例如，用户设备还可以是便携式、袖珍式、手持式、计算机内置的或者车载的移动装置，它们与无线接入网交换语音和/或数据。
在本发明实施例中，基站可以是LTE中的演进型基站(Evolutional Node B，ENB或e-NodeB)，本发明并不限定。但为描述方便，下述实施例将以基站ENB和用户设备UE为例进行说明。
在一种现实的场景中，基站为了使得处在本小区的用户设备能够正常的获得时频同步信息、信道估计信息等，该基站会以一个预设的周期发送参考信号，对应的处在本小区的用户设备会根据这个预设的周期检测参考信号，并根据检测到的参考信号获得时频同步信息、信道估计信息等。在本发明实施例中，将这个预设的周期称为第一周期，将处在第一周期位置、用于发送所述参考信号的资源称为预设资源。
当基站在非授权频段的小区传输信号时，考虑到竞争机制的引入，基站很难保证在每个预设资源处都被允许占用非授权频段的小区的信道；基站在非授权频段的小区上发送参考信号的机会减少，使得处在本小区或者邻小区的用户设备难以及时获得必要的时频同步信息、信道统计信息等，从而影响通信的质量。
为了增加基站在非授权频段的小区内发送参考信号的机会，本发明实施例提出一种在使用非授权频段的小区中传输参考信号的方法，在现有的按照第一周期尝试在预设资源上发送参考信号的基础上，进一步在出现周期为第二周期的时间窗内设置了灵活候选资源，以作为发送参考信号的候选资源。
图1是本发明一个实施例的在使用非授权频段的小区中传输参考信号的方法的示意性流程图。图1所示的方法可以由基站执行，该方法包括：
101，确定在使用非授权频段的小区上传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合，候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源，预设资源为小区处于激活态时按照第一周期传输第一参考信号时需要使用的在时间窗内的资源，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上平移后得到的且在时间窗内的候选资源，时间窗出现的周期为第二周期，第二周期大于第一周期。
应理解，小区处于激活态是与小区处于休眠态相对的概念。小区处于激活态时会较为频繁的向UE发送参考信号，而小区处于休眠态时发送参考信号的频率会相对较低。例如，处于激活态时5ms发送一次PSS/SSS信号，而处于休眠态时40或80ms发送一次PSS/SSS信号。
例如，使用非授权频段进行通信的系统有：部署在非授权频段上的LTE系统U-LTE和无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Network，WLAN)系统等。例如，为了提升服务能力，通常把非授权频谱上部署的U-LTE服务小区作为辅服务小区与授权频谱上部署的主服务小区进行载波聚合来服务UE。
在使用非授权频段的辅服务小区为UE提供服务时，通常需要向UE发送一些参考信号用于小区识别、小区同步、信道测量和干扰测量等。然而，在按照预设的周期占用预设资源向UE发送参考信号的过程中，由于LBT法规的约束，在信道被占用时，并不能完成参考信号的发送。
根据本发明实施例的方法，为发送参考信号确定候选资源集合，也就是增加了参考信号的发送机会，进而能够提高发送参考信号的成功率。候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源。其中，灵活候选资源与预设资源在频率上相同，或者说，灵活候选资源是预设资源在时间上进行平移后得到的资源。另外，灵活候选资源需要同时落在周期性出现的时间窗内。
具体地，时间窗出现的第二周期大于预设的发送参考信号的第一周期。举例说来，第一周期可以为5ms，第二周期为40或80ms。应理解，这些例子只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明实施例，而非限制本发明 实施例的范围。时间窗长度的大小可以结合信道繁忙程度等情况确定，本发明实施例对此不做限定。
102，确定在使用非授权频段的小区中传输第一参考信号时使用的第一候选资源，第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态，且第一候选资源为候选资源集合中的预设资源或者灵活候选资源。
103，在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号。
例如，可以按照时间顺序确定预设资源与灵活候选资源处的信道忙闲状态。假设本次发送参考信号共有三个资源可用，这三个资源在时间上出现的顺序是第一灵活候选资源、预设资源、第二灵活候选资源。
这样，可以先确定第一灵活候选资源处信道是否空闲，如果空闲，便在第一灵活候选资源(这种情况下，第一灵活候选资源即为第一候选资源)处发送参考信号。反之，如果第一灵活候选资源处信道繁忙，需要继续确定在预设资源处是信道是否空闲，如果空闲，便在预设资源处发送参考信号。反之，如果预设资源处信道繁忙，需要继续确定在第二灵活候选资源处信道是否空闲，如果空闲，便在第二灵活候选资源(这种情况下，第二灵活候选资源即为第一候选资源)处发送参考信号。反之，如果第二灵活候选资源处信道繁忙，不能在第二灵活候选资源上发送第一参考信号，也即本次发送第一参考信号失败。
基于上述技术方案，在本发明实施例中，为发送参考信号确定候选资源集合，以增加参考信号的发送机会。这样，本发明实施例能够保证在不影响系统正常通信的前提下，提高发送参考信号的成功率。
进一步地，在使用非授权频谱的通信系统中发送参考信号时，本发明实施例提供的方案可以满足小区同步和CSI测量的要求，进而保证UE的解调和移动性性能。
另外，本发明实施例的主流部署场景是将授权频谱上的主服务小区和非授权频谱上的U-LTE辅服务小区进行载波聚合来使用。其中，LTE主服务小区与U-LTE辅服务小区可以共站部署，也可以是非共站部署，两个服务小区之间有理想的回传路径。
或者，本发明还可以部署在两个服务小区之间没有理想回传路径的场景，比如回传延迟较大，导致两个服务小区之间无法快速的协调信息。此外，本发明实施例还可以部署可以独立接入的U-LTE服务小区，即此时U-LTE 服务小区不需要与LTE服务小区进行载波聚合。以上应用场景的举例只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明实施例，而非限制本发明实施例的范围。
可选地，作为一个实施例，确定在使用非授权频段的小区中传输第一参考信号时使用的第一候选资源时，在第一候选资源之前的预设时间间隔处，启动在非授权频上的空闲信道评测CCA，得到CCA的结果。然后，根据CCA的结果，确定第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态。
可选地，作为一个实施例，当CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，确定第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态。或者，当CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，进行随机回退，当在随机回退的时间内信道仍为空闲时，确定第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态。
图2是本发明实施例的候选资源集合的示意图。具体地，如图2所示，时间窗每隔40ms出现一次。时间窗内包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源。CCA的起始时刻可以在灵活候选资源之前的预设时间间隔处。
预设资源就是发送周期为5ms时发送第一参考信号时使用的资源，也就是说，该小区无论是在时间窗内还是时间窗外都按照预设5ms周期来发送第一参考信号。同时，按照本发明实施例的方法，还为该小区提供了灵活候选资源以增加第一参考信号的发送机会。
时间窗内的第一个子帧的第一个时隙的最后两个符号(即子帧中的第6和第7个符号，假设一个子帧包括14个符号)为该预设资源。灵活候选资源可以在时间窗内对上述预设资源进行时域平移，这里的平移可以是提前或者延迟。图2示出的是在时间窗的第二个子帧的最后两个符号(即子帧中的第13和第14个符号)。
将预设资源进行时域平移得到灵活候选资源时，具体平移的时间粒度可以为符号级、时隙级或子帧级。比如，符号级是指每隔4个符号出现一个平移副本，时隙级指每隔一个时隙包括的7符号出现一个平移副本，子帧级指一个子帧包括的14符号出现一个平移副本。
应注意，这些例子只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明实施例，而非限制本发明实施例的范围。
这样，当CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，直接在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号，而不做随机回退时，可以提高发送参考信号的优先级，进而提 高了发送参考信号的成功率。
或者，当CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，先进行随机回退。若随机回退的时间内信道仍为空闲时，才在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号。这样可以保护系统中其它通信设备的信号传输，防止该小区的参考信号的传输与其它通信设备的信号传输之间相互干扰。
可选的，上述CCA启动起点可以为时间窗的第一个子帧的起始时刻，此时上述预设时间间隔为5个符号。或者，前述预设时间间隔还可以为当前最大的回退时间，比如回退机制中的竞争窗口的长度，具体等于CCA单位时间长度乘以回退计数器的取值范围的最大值。应注意，这些例子只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明实施例，而非限制本发明实施例的范围。
可选地，作为另一实施例，如果确定信道处于空闲状态的时刻与第一候选资源的起始时刻相同，在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号。
也就是说，前述根据CCA的结果确定信道空闲的时刻与第一候选资源的起始时刻相同时，便可以直接在第一候选资源上发送参考信号。应理解，与第一候选资源的起始时刻相同并不要求在数字上严格一致，只要两者之间的差距小于预设的阈值，便可认为确定信道忙闲状态为空闲的时刻与第一候选资源的起始时刻相同。
如果确定信道处于空闲状态的时刻早于第一候选资源的起始时刻，发送填充信号占用信道，直至第一候选资源的起始时刻开始在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号
可选地，作为另一实施例，如果小区已经为发送数据进行了CCA，且进入随机回退过程。上述数据可以是准备为该UE发送，也可以是准备为其他UE发送。如果在为数据发送的随机回退过程中，到达了发送参考信号的灵活候选资源处，这时先将随机回退的计数器挂起，等待发送完参考信号之后，再恢复上述为数据发送的CCA做的回退计数器。或者，在为发送数据进行随机回退的过程中，到达了为发送参考信号而启动的CCA起点处，即灵活候选资源之前的预设时间间隔处，可以先进行为发送参考信号的CCA。同时，将为发送数据所做的CCA的回退计数器临时挂起。一旦参考信号的CCA成功，也即CCA的结果表示信道空闲，就可以先发送参考信号。在发送参考信号之后，再恢复上述挂起的计数器。或者，在为发送数据而进行的 随机回退过程中，到达了为发送参考信号而启动的CCA起点处，即灵活候选资源之前的预设时间间隔处，可以同时进行数据发送和参考信号发送的CCA。若参考信号的CCA先成功，就可以先发送参考信号，此时数据发送的CCA的回退计数器挂起，待参考信号发送结束后再恢复。若数据发送的CCA先成功，则可以发送数据和参考信号。
可选地，作为另一实施例，第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号。在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号之后，当第一候选资源占用时隙的最后的相应数量的符号时，在第一候选资源结束时的下一个时隙的开始处发送第二参考信号。
可选地，作为另一实施例，当第一候选资源不是占用时隙的最后的相应数量的符号时，在第一候选资源结束时发送填充信号直至时隙结束，并在下一个时隙的开始处发送第二参考信号。
其中，第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
例如，以U-LTE系统下行传输基于正交频分复用多址(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Access，OFDMA)技术为例进行说明，其时频资源被划分成时间域维度上的OFDM符号和频率域维度上的OFDM子载波。图3是本发明实施例的时频资源的示意图。如图3所示，最小的资源粒度叫做一个资源单位(Resource Element，RE)，即表示时间域上的一个OFDM符号和频率域上的一个OFDM子载波的时频格点。
如图3所示，预设资源位于子帧0的第一个时隙的末尾。如果灵活候选资源并不在时隙的末尾，若是成功地占用灵活候选资源发送了第一参考信号，则需要先发送填充信号占用信道，到下一个时隙的开始处再发送CRS(第二参考信号)信号。这样能够保证下行数据的图样不发生变化，进而避免了UE检测复杂度的增大。
或者，直接将灵活候选资源选在时隙的末尾，进而可以在发送完第一参考信号后直接发送CRS，这样也能够保证下行数据的图样不发生变化，进而避免了UE检测复杂度的增大。同时，由于不必发送填充信号可以降低系统开销。
可选地，上述第二参考信号还可以与当前的CRS不同，比如该第二参考信号可以是连续N个符号的CRS，而不是之前占用离散符号的CRS。具 体的，当前一个子帧的14个符号中CRS所在符号为符号0，4，7和11，更改后的CRS可以为7，8，9和10，这里假设PSS/SSS在符号5和6上，而每个符号上的CRS可以与原有每个符号上的CRS的位置相同，或者进行频域子载波移位。这样做的好处是，可以连续占用信道，期间其他强干扰结点不会抢占到信道；且与原有占用非连续的符号的CRS方案相比，还可以节约时域资源开销。由于CRS占用连续的时域符号，还可以增强信号的检测性能，这样甚至可以将PSS/SSS取消发送，而只发送该CRS进行小区识别和测量。
可选地，作为另一实施例，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上向前平移或向后平移的资源。
可选地，作为另一实施例，在时间上进行平移的粒度为一个或多个时隙。
可选地，作为另一实施例，灵活候选资源占用时间窗内的时隙的最后的相应数量的符号。
例如，假设灵活候选资源在时域上占用两个符号，那么灵活候选资源是时间窗内的某一个时隙的最后两个符号对应的资源。
可选地，作为另一实施例，该时间窗与在相同频点的邻小区使用的发送第一参考信号的灵活候选资源所在的时间窗相同。
例如，在同一频点的多个U-LTE辅服务小区可以选用相同的时间窗。也就是说，各个U-LTE辅服务小区的时间窗的长度及出现的周期相同。这样，UE可以在该时间窗内尽可能的识别和测量所有该频点上的小区，降低了UE测量的复杂度并节省了UE的功耗。另外，也为各个U-LTE辅服务小区进行协作提供了保证。
图4是本发明另一实施例的在使用非授权频段的小区中传输参考信号的方法的示意性流程图。图4所示的方法可以由UE执行，该方法包括：
401，确定使用非授权频段的小区传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合所在的时间窗，候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源，预设资源为小区处于激活态时按照第一周期传输第一参考信号时需要使用的在时间窗内的资源，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上平移后得到的且在时间窗内的候选资源，时间窗出现的周期为第二周期，第二周期大于第一周期。
例如，使用非授权频段进行通信的系统有：部署在非授权频段上的LTE 系统U-LTE和WLAN系统等。例如，为了提升服务能力，通常把非授权频谱上部署的U-LTE服务小区作为辅服务小区与授权频谱上部署的主服务小区进行载波聚合来服务UE。
在使用非授权频段的辅服务小区为UE提供服务时，通常需要向UE发送一些参考信号用于小区识别、小区同步、信道测量和干扰测量等。然而，在按照预设的周期占用预设资源向UE发送参考信号的过程中，由于LBT法规的约束，在信道被占用时，并不能完成参考信号的发送。
根据本发明实施例的方法，为发送参考信号确定候选资源集合，也就是增加了参考信号的发送机会，进而能够提高发送参考信号的成功率。候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源。其中，灵活候选资源与预设资源在频率上相同，或者说，灵活候选资源是预设资源在时间上进行平移后得到的资源。另外，灵活候选资源需要同时落在周期性出现的时间窗内。
具体地，时间窗出现的第二周期大于预设的发送参考信号的第一周期。举例说来，第一周期可以为5ms，第二周期为40或80ms。应理解，这些例子只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明实施例，而非限制本发明实施例的范围。时间窗长度的大小可以结合信道繁忙程度等情况确定，本发明实施例对此不做限定。
这样，UE可以先确定灵活候选资源所在的时间窗(如，时间窗的长度和出现周期)，进而可以获知需要检测第一参考信号的时间。
402，在时间窗内，在非授权频段上检测第一参考信号。
例如，在使用相同频点的多个邻小区(如，U-LTE辅服务小区)使用相同时间窗时，可以同时对该多个邻小区发送的第一参考信号进行检测。
基于上述技术方案，在本发明实施例中，为发送参考信号确定候选资源集合，以增加参考信号的发送机会。这样，本发明实施例能够保证在不影响系统正常通信的前提下，提高发送参考信号的成功率。
进一步地，在使用非授权频谱的通信系统中发送参考信号时，本发明实施例提供的方案可以满足小区同步和CSI测量的要求，进而保证UE的解调和移动性性能。
另外，本发明实施例的主流部署场景是将授权频谱上的主服务小区和非授权频谱上的U-LTE辅服务小区进行载波聚合来使用。其中，LTE主服务小区与U-LTE辅服务小区可以共站部署，也可以是非共站部署，两个服务小区 之间有理想的回传路径。
或者，本发明还可以部署在两个服务小区之间没有理想回传路径的场景，比如回传延迟较大，导致两个服务小区之间无法快速的协调信息。此外，本发明实施例还可以部署可以独立接入的U-LTE服务小区，即此时U-LTE服务小区不需要与LTE服务小区进行载波聚合。以上应用场景的举例只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明实施例，而非限制本发明实施例的范围。
可选地，作为一个实施例，第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号。在非授权频段上检测第一参考信号之后，如果成功检测到第一参考信号，在非授权频段上检测第二参考信号。其中，第二参考信号占用的传输资源在时间上晚于第一参考信号占用的传输资源，第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
例如，在成功检测到第一参考信号之前，UE可以假定基站并没有发送第二参考信号，因而不对第二参考信号进行检测或其它相应的准备工作。在成功检测到第一参考信号之后，UE再对第二参考信号进行检测。
假设第一参考信号为PSS/SSS，UE检测出PSS/SSS之后，可以基于该PSS/SSS确定第二参考信号比如CRS的资源位置。可选的，PSS/SSS的灵活候选资源可以基于时隙级或子帧级的时域平移，即PSS/SSS的灵活候选资源可以时隙或子帧的最后两个符号上。这样，可以确定PSS/SSS之后的CRS占用完整的时隙或子帧，且不改变CRS在时隙或子帧中的资源位置，对正常的数据调度和其他参考信号的发送没有影响。也就是说，UE假设第二参考信号存在于检测出的PSS/SSS之后，即在检测出的PSS/SSS时域位置之前假设该CRS不存在，这样可以避免UE对CRS进行存在性的盲检。
可选地，作为另一实施例，在确定使用非授权频段的小区传输第一参考信号时使用的灵活候选资源所在的时间窗之前，接收基站发送的无线资源控制(Radio Resource Control，RRC)信令，RRC信令携带时间窗的长度及出现周期。
可选地，作为另一实施例，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上向前平移或向后平移的资源。
可选地，作为另一实施例，在时间上进行平移的粒度为一个或多个时隙。
可选地，作为另一实施例，灵活候选资源占用时间窗内的时隙的最后的相应数量的符号。
例如，假设灵活候选资源在时域上占用两个符号，那么灵活候选资源是时间窗内的某一个时隙的最后两个符号对应的资源。
可选地，作为另一实施例，时间窗与在相同频点的邻小区使用的发送第一参考信号的灵活候选资源所在的时间窗相同。
例如，在同一频点的多个U-LTE辅服务小区可以选用相同的时间窗。也就是说，各个U-LTE辅服务小区的时间窗的长度及出现的周期相同。这样，UE可以在该时间窗内尽可能的识别和测量所有该频点上的小区，降低了UE测量的复杂度并节省了UE的功耗。另外，也为各个U-LTE辅服务小区进行协作提供了保证。
图5是本发明一个实施例的基站的示意性框图。图5所示的基站包括第一确定单元501、第二确定单元502和发送单元503。
第一确定单元501，用于确定在使用非授权频段的小区上传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合，候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源，预设资源为小区处于激活态时按照第一周期传输第一参考信号时需要使用的在时间窗内的资源，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上平移后得到的且在时间窗内的候选资源，时间窗出现的周期为第二周期，第二周期大于第一周期。
应理解，小区处于激活态是与小区处于休眠态相对的概念。小区处于激活态时会较为频繁的向UE发送参考信号，而小区处于休眠态时发送参考信号的频率会相对较低。例如，处于激活态时5ms发送一次PSS/SSS信号，而处于休眠态时40或80ms发送一次PSS/SSS信号。
例如，使用非授权频段进行通信的系统有：部署在非授权频段上的LTE系统U-LTE和无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Network，WLAN)系统等。例如，为了提升服务能力，通常把非授权频谱上部署的U-LTE服务小区作为辅服务小区与授权频谱上部署的主服务小区进行载波聚合来服务UE。
在使用非授权频段的辅服务小区为UE提供服务时，通常需要向UE发送一些参考信号用于小区识别、小区同步、信道测量和干扰测量等。然而，在按照预设的周期占用预设资源向UE发送参考信号的过程中，由于LBT法规的约束，在信道被占用时，并不能完成参考信号的发送。
根据本发明实施例的方法，为发送参考信号确定候选资源集合，也就是增加了参考信号的发送机会，进而能够提高发送参考信号的成功率。候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源。其中，灵活候选资源与预设资源在频率上相同，或者说，灵活候选资源是预设资源在时间上进行平移后得到的资源。另外，灵活候选资源需要同时落在周期性出现的时间窗内。
具体地，时间窗出现的第二周期大于预设的发送参考信号的第一周期。举例说来，第一周期可以为5ms，第二周期为40或80ms。应理解，这些例子只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明实施例，而非限制本发明实施例的范围。时间窗长度的大小可以结合信道繁忙程度等情况确定，本发明实施例对此不做限定。
第二确定单元502，用于确定在使用非授权频段的小区中传输第一参考信号时使用的第一候选资源，第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态，且第一候选资源为候选资源集合中的预设资源或者灵活候选资源。
发送单元503，用于在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号。
例如，可以按照时间顺序确定预设资源与灵活候选资源处的信道忙闲状态。假设本次发送参考信号共有三个资源可用，这三个资源在时间上出现的顺序是第一灵活候选资源、预设资源、第二灵活候选资源。
这样，可以先确定第一灵活候选资源处信道是否空闲，如果空闲，便在第一灵活候选资源(这种情况下，第一灵活候选资源即为第一候选资源)处发送参考信号。反之，如果第一灵活候选资源处信道繁忙，需要继续确定在预设资源处是信道是否空闲，如果空闲，便在预设资源处发送参考信号。反之，如果预设资源处信道繁忙，需要继续确定在第二灵活候选资源处信道是否空闲，如果空闲，便在第二灵活候选资源(这种情况下，第二灵活候选资源即为第一候选资源)处发送参考信号。反之，如果第二灵活候选资源处信道繁忙，不能在第二灵活候选资源上发送第一参考信号，也即本次发送第一参考信号失败。
基于上述技术方案，在本发明实施例中，为发送参考信号确定候选资源集合，以增加参考信号的发送机会。这样，本发明实施例能够保证在不影响系统正常通信的前提下，提高发送参考信号的成功率。
进一步地，在使用非授权频谱的通信系统中发送参考信号时，本发明实 施例提供的方案可以满足小区同步和CSI测量的要求，进而保证UE的解调和移动性性能。
另外，本发明实施例的主流部署场景是将授权频谱上的主服务小区和非授权频谱上的U-LTE辅服务小区进行载波聚合来使用。其中，LTE主服务小区与U-LTE辅服务小区可以共站部署，也可以是非共站部署，两个服务小区之间有理想的回传路径。
或者，本发明还可以部署在两个服务小区之间没有理想回传路径的场景，比如回传延迟较大，导致两个服务小区之间无法快速的协调信息。此外，本发明实施例还可以部署可以独立接入的U-LTE服务小区，即此时U-LTE服务小区不需要与LTE服务小区进行载波聚合。以上应用场景的举例只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明实施例，而非限制本发明实施例的范围。
可选地，作为一个实施例，第二确定单元502具体用于，在第一候选资源之前的预设时间间隔处，启动在非授权频上的空闲信道评测CCA，得到CCA的结果。然后，根据CCA的结果，确定第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态。
可选地，作为另一实施例，第二确定单元502具体用于，当CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，确定第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态。或者，当CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，进行随机回退，当在随机回退的时间内信道仍为空闲时，确定第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态。
这样，当CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，直接在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号，而不做随机回退时，可以提高发送参考信号的优先级，进而提高了发送参考信号的成功率。
或者，当CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，先进行随机回退。若随机回退的时间内信道仍为空闲时，才在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号。这样可以保护系统中其它通信设备的信号传输，防止该小区的参考信号的传输与其它通信设备的信号传输之间相互干扰。
可选的，上述CCA启动起点可以为时间窗的第一个子帧的起始时刻，此时上述预设时间间隔为5个符号。或者，前述预设时间间隔还可以为当前最大的回退时间，比如回退机制中的竞争窗口的长度，具体等于CCA单位 时间长度乘以回退计数器的取值范围的最大值。应注意，这些例子只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明实施例，而非限制本发明实施例的范围。
可选地，作为另一实施例，发送单元503具体用于，如果确定信道处于空闲状态的时刻与第一候选资源的起始时刻相同，在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号。
也就是说，前述根据CCA的结果确定信道空闲的时刻与第一候选资源的起始时刻相同时，便可以直接在第一候选资源上发送参考信号。应理解，与第一候选资源的起始时刻相同并不要求在数字上严格一致，只要两者之间的差距小于预设的阈值，便可认为确定信道忙闲状态为空闲的时刻与第一候选资源的起始时刻相同。
或者，如果确定信道处于空闲状态的时刻早于第一候选资源的起始时刻，发送填充信号占用信道，直至第一候选资源的起始时刻开始在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号。
可选地，作为另一实施例，第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号。发送单元503还用于，当第一候选资源占用时隙的最后的相应数量的符号时，在第一候选资源结束时的下一个时隙的开始处发送第二参考信号。
其中，第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
可选地，作为另一实施例，第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号，发送单元503还用于，当第一候选资源不是占用时隙的最后的相应数量的符号时，在第一候选资源结束时发送填充信号直至时隙结束，并在下一个时隙的开始处发送第二参考信号。
其中，第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
可选地，作为另一实施例，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上向前平移或向后平移的资源。
可选地，作为另一实施例，在时间上进行平移的粒度为一个或多个时隙。
可选地，作为另一实施例，灵活候选资源占用时间窗内的时隙的最后的相应数量的符号。
例如，假设灵活候选资源在时域上占用两个符号，那么灵活候选资源是 时间窗内的某一个时隙的最后两个符号对应的资源。
可选地，作为另一实施例，时间窗与在相同频点的邻小区使用的发送第一参考信号的灵活候选资源所在的时间窗相同。
例如，在同一频点的多个U-LTE辅服务小区可以选用相同的时间窗。也就是说，各个U-LTE辅服务小区的时间窗的长度及出现的周期相同。这样，UE可以在该时间窗内尽可能的识别和测量所有该频点上的小区，降低了UE测量的复杂度并节省了UE的功耗。另外，也为各个U-LTE辅服务小区进行协作提供了保证。
图6是本发明一个实施例的用户设备的示意性框图。图6所示的用户设备包括确定单元601和检测单元602。
确定单元601，用于确定使用非授权频段的小区传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合所在的时间窗，候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源，预设资源为小区处于激活态时按照第一周期传输第一参考信号时需要使用的在时间窗内的资源，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上平移后得到的且在时间窗内的候选资源，时间窗出现的周期为第二周期，第二周期大于第一周期。
例如，使用非授权频段进行通信的系统有：部署在非授权频段上的LTE系统U-LTE和WLAN系统等。例如，为了提升服务能力，通常把非授权频谱上部署的U-LTE服务小区作为辅服务小区与授权频谱上部署的主服务小区进行载波聚合来服务UE。
在使用非授权频段的辅服务小区为UE提供服务时，通常需要向UE发送一些参考信号用于小区识别、小区同步、信道测量和干扰测量等。然而，在按照预设的周期占用预设资源向UE发送参考信号的过程中，由于LBT法规的约束，在信道被占用时，并不能完成参考信号的发送。
根据本发明实施例的方法，为发送参考信号确定候选资源集合，也就是增加了参考信号的发送机会，进而能够提高发送参考信号的成功率。候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源。其中，灵活候选资源与预设资源在频率上相同，或者说，灵活候选资源是预设资源在时间上进行平移后得到的资源。另外，灵活候选资源需要同时落在周期性出现的时间窗内。
具体地，时间窗出现的第二周期大于预设的发送参考信号的第一周期。举例说来，第一周期可以为5ms，第二周期为40或80ms。应理解，这些例 子只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明实施例，而非限制本发明实施例的范围。时间窗长度的大小可以结合信道繁忙程度等情况确定，本发明实施例对此不做限定。
这样，UE可以先确定灵活候选资源所在的时间窗(如，时间窗的长度和出现周期)，进而可以获知需要检测第一参考信号的时间。
检测单元602，用于在时间窗内，在非授权频段上检测第一参考信号。
例如，在使用相同频点的的多个邻小区(如，U-LTE辅服务小区)使用相同时间窗时，可以同时对该多个邻小区发送的第一参考信号进行检测。
基于上述技术方案，在本发明实施例中，为发送参考信号确定候选资源集合，以增加参考信号的发送机会。这样，本发明实施例能够保证在不影响系统正常通信的前提下，提高发送参考信号的成功率。
进一步地，在使用非授权频谱的通信系统中发送参考信号时，本发明实施例提供的方案可以满足小区同步和CSI测量的要求，进而保证UE的解调和移动性性能。
另外，本发明实施例的主流部署场景是将授权频谱上的主服务小区和非授权频谱上的U-LTE辅服务小区进行载波聚合来使用。其中，LTE主服务小区与U-LTE辅服务小区可以共站部署，也可以是非共站部署，两个服务小区之间有理想的回传路径。
或者，本发明还可以部署在两个服务小区之间没有理想回传路径的场景，比如回传延迟较大，导致两个服务小区之间无法快速的协调信息。此外，本发明实施例还可以部署可以独立接入的U-LTE服务小区，即此时U-LTE服务小区不需要与LTE服务小区进行载波聚合。以上应用场景的举例只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明实施例，而非限制本发明实施例的范围。
可选地，作为一个实施例，第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号。检测单元602还用于，如果成功检测到第一参考信号，在非授权频段上检测第二参考信号，第二参考信号占用的传输资源在时间上晚于第一参考信号占用的传输资源，第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
例如，在成功检测到第一参考信号之前，UE可以假定基站并没有发送第二参考信号，因而不对第二参考信号进行检测或其它相应的准备工作。在 成功检测到第一参考信号之后，UE再对第二参考信号进行检测。
假设第一参考信号为PSS/SSS，UE检测出PSS/SSS之后，可以基于该PSS/SSS确定第二参考信号比如CRS的资源位置。可选的，PSS/SSS的灵活候选资源可以基于时隙级或子帧级的时域平移，即PSS/SSS的灵活候选资源可以时隙或子帧的最后两个符号上。这样，可以确定PSS/SSS之后的CRS占用完整的时隙或子帧，且不改变CRS在时隙或子帧中的资源位置，对正常的数据调度和其他参考信号的发送没有影响。也就是说，UE假设第二参考信号存在于检测出的PSS/SSS之后，即在检测出的PSS/SSS时域位置之前假设该CRS不存在，这样可以避免UE对CRS进行存在性的盲检。
可选地，作为另一实施例，用户设备还包括接收单元603，用于接收基站发送的无线资源控制RRC信令，RRC信令携带时间窗的长度及出现周期。
可选地，作为另一实施例，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上向前平移或向后平移的资源。
可选地，作为另一实施例，在时间上进行平移的粒度为一个或多个时隙。
可选地，作为另一实施例，灵活候选资源占用时间窗内的时隙的最后的相应数量的符号。
例如，假设灵活候选资源在时域上占用两个符号，那么灵活候选资源是时间窗内的某一个时隙的最后两个符号对应的资源。
可选地，作为另一实施例，时间窗与在相同频点的邻小区使用的发送第一参考信号的灵活候选资源所在的时间窗相同。
例如，在同一频点的多个U-LTE辅服务小区可以选用相同的时间窗。也就是说，各个U-LTE辅服务小区的时间窗的长度及出现的周期相同。这样，UE可以在该时间窗内尽可能的识别和测量所有该频点上的小区，降低了UE测量的复杂度并节省了UE的功耗。另外，也为各个U-LTE辅服务小区进行协作提供了保证。
图7是本发明另一实施例的基站的示意性框图。图7的基站70可用于实现上述方法实施例中各步骤及方法。图7的实施例中，基站70包括天线701、发射机702、接收机703、处理器704和存储器705。处理器704控制基站70的操作，并可用于处理信号。存储器705可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器704提供指令和数据。发射机702和接收机703可以耦合到天线701。基站70的各个组件通过总线系统706耦合在一起，其 中总线系统706除包括数据总线之外，还包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统706。
具体地，存储器705可存储执行以下过程的指令：
确定在使用非授权频段的小区上传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合，候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源，预设资源为小区处于激活态时按照第一周期传输第一参考信号时需要使用的在时间窗内的资源，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上平移后得到的且在时间窗内的候选资源，时间窗出现的周期为第二周期，第二周期大于第一周期；
确定在使用非授权频段的小区中传输第一参考信号时使用的第一候选资源，第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态，且第一候选资源为候选资源集合中的预设资源或者灵活候选资源；
在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号。
基于上述技术方案，在本发明实施例中，为发送参考信号确定候选资源集合，以增加参考信号的发送机会。这样，本发明实施例能够保证在不影响系统正常通信的前提下，提高发送参考信号的成功率。
进一步地，在使用非授权频谱的通信系统中发送参考信号时，本发明实施例提供的方案可以满足小区同步和CSI测量的要求，进而保证UE的解调和移动性性能。
另外，本发明实施例的主流部署场景是将授权频谱上的主服务小区和非授权频谱上的U-LTE辅服务小区进行载波聚合来使用。其中，LTE主服务小区与U-LTE辅服务小区可以共站部署，也可以是非共站部署，两个服务小区之间有理想的回传路径。
或者，本发明还可以部署在两个服务小区之间没有理想回传路径的场景，比如回传延迟较大，导致两个服务小区之间无法快速的协调信息。此外，本发明实施例还可以部署可以独立接入的U-LTE服务小区，即此时U-LTE服务小区不需要与LTE服务小区进行载波聚合。以上应用场景的举例只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明实施例，而非限制本发明实施例的范围。
可选地，作为一个实施例，存储器705还可存储执行以下过程的指令：
在第一候选资源之前的预设时间间隔处，启动在非授权频上的空闲信道评测CCA，得到CCA的结果；根据CCA的结果，确定第一候选资源所对 应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态。
可选地，作为另一实施例，存储器705还可存储执行以下过程的指令：
当CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，确定第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态；或者
当CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，进行随机回退，当在随机回退的时间内信道仍为空闲时，确定第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态。
可选地，作为另一实施例，存储器705还可存储执行以下过程的指令：
如果确定信道处于空闲状态的时刻与第一候选资源的起始时刻相同，在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号；
如果确定信道处于空闲状态的时刻早于第一候选资源的起始时刻，发送填充信号占用信道，直至第一候选资源的起始时刻开始在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号。
可选地，作为另一实施例，存储器705还可存储执行以下过程的指令：
第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号，在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号之后，当第一候选资源占用时隙的最后的相应数量的符号时，在第一候选资源结束时的下一个时隙的开始处发送第二参考信号；
其中，第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
可选地，作为另一实施例，存储器705还可存储执行以下过程的指令：
第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号，在第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号之后，当第一候选资源不是占用时隙的最后的相应数量的符号时，在第一候选资源结束时发送填充信号直至时隙结束，并在下一个时隙的开始处发送第二参考信号；
其中，第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
可选地，作为另一实施例，存储器705还可存储执行以下过程的指令：
灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上向前平移或向后平移的资源。
可选地，作为另一实施例，存储器705还可存储执行以下过程的指令：
在时间上进行平移的粒度为一个或多个时隙。
可选地，作为另一实施例，存储器705还可存储执行以下过程的指令：
灵活候选资源占用时间窗内的时隙的最后的相应数量的符号。
可选地，作为另一实施例，存储器705还可存储执行以下过程的指令：
时间窗与在相同频点的邻小区使用的发送第一参考信号的灵活候选资源所在的时间窗相同。
图8是本发明另一实施例的用户设备的示意性框图。图8的用户设备80可用于实现上述方法实施例中各步骤及方法。图8的实施例中，用户设备80包括天线801、发射机802、接收机803、处理器804和存储器805。处理器804控制基站80的操作，并可用于处理信号。存储器805可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器804提供指令和数据。发射机802和接收机803可以耦合到天线801。基站80的各个组件通过总线系统806耦合在一起，其中总线系统806除包括数据总线之外，还包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统806。
具体地，存储器805可存储执行以下过程的指令：
确定使用非授权频段的小区传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合所在的时间窗，候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源，预设资源为小区处于激活态时按照第一周期传输第一参考信号时需要使用的在时间窗内的资源，灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上平移后得到的且在时间窗内的候选资源，时间窗出现的周期为第二周期，第二周期大于第一周期；
在时间窗内，在非授权频段上检测第一参考信号。
基于上述技术方案，在本发明实施例中，为发送参考信号确定候选资源集合，以增加参考信号的发送机会。这样，本发明实施例能够保证在不影响系统正常通信的前提下，提高发送参考信号的成功率。
进一步地，在使用非授权频谱的通信系统中发送参考信号时，本发明实施例提供的方案可以满足小区同步和CSI测量的要求，进而保证UE的解调和移动性性能。
另外，本发明实施例的主流部署场景是将授权频谱上的主服务小区和非授权频谱上的U-LTE辅服务小区进行载波聚合来使用。其中，LTE主服务小区与U-LTE辅服务小区可以共站部署，也可以是非共站部署，两个服务小区之间有理想的回传路径。
或者，本发明还可以部署在两个服务小区之间没有理想回传路径的场 景，比如回传延迟较大，导致两个服务小区之间无法快速的协调信息。此外，本发明实施例还可以部署可以独立接入的U-LTE服务小区，即此时U-LTE服务小区不需要与LTE服务小区进行载波聚合。以上应用场景的举例只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明实施例，而非限制本发明实施例的范围。
可选地，作为一个实施例，存储器805还可存储执行以下过程的指令：
第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号，在非授权频段上检测第一参考信号之后，如果成功检测到第一参考信号，在非授权频段上检测第二参考信号，第二参考信号占用的传输资源在时间上晚于第一参考信号占用的传输资源，第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
可选地，作为另一实施例，存储器805还可存储执行以下过程的指令：
在确定使用非授权频段的小区传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合所在的时间窗之前，接收基站发送的无线资源控制RRC信令，RRC信令携带时间窗的长度及出现周期。
可选地，作为另一实施例，存储器805还可存储执行以下过程的指令：
灵活候选资源为预设资源在时间上向前平移或向后平移的资源。
可选地，作为另一实施例，存储器805还可存储执行以下过程的指令：
在时间上进行平移的粒度为一个或多个时隙。
可选地，作为另一实施例，存储器805还可存储执行以下过程的指令：
灵活候选资源占用时间窗内的时隙的最后的相应数量的符号。
可选地，作为另一实施例，存储器805还可存储执行以下过程的指令：
时间窗与在相同频点的邻小区使用的发送第一参考信号的灵活候选资源所在的时间窗相同。
应理解，在本发明的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本发明实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执 行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本发明实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分，或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限 于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (34)

  1. 一种在使用非授权频段的小区中传输参考信号的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    确定在使用非授权频段的小区上传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合，所述候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源，所述预设资源为所述小区处于激活态时按照第一周期传输所述第一参考信号时需要使用的在时间窗内的资源，所述灵活候选资源为所述预设资源在时间上平移后得到的且在所述时间窗内的候选资源，所述时间窗出现的周期为第二周期，所述第二周期大于所述第一周期；
    确定在使用非授权频段的小区中传输第一参考信号时使用的第一候选资源，所述第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态，且所述第一候选资源为候选资源集合中的预设资源或者灵活候选资源；
    在所述第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定在使用非授权频段的小区中传输第一参考信号时使用的第一候选资源，所述第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态，包括：
    在所述第一候选资源之前的预设时间间隔处，启动在所述非授权频上的空闲信道评测CCA，得到CCA的结果；
    根据所述CCA的结果，确定所述第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述CCA的结果，确定所述第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态，包括：
    当所述CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，确定所述第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态；或者
    当所述CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，进行随机回退，当在随机回退的时间内信道仍为空闲时，确定所述第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述在所述第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号，包括：
    如果确定信道处于空闲状态的时刻与所述第一候选资源的起始时刻相 同，在所述第一候选资源上发送所述第一参考信号；
    如果确定信道处于空闲状态的时刻早于所述第一候选资源的起始时刻，发送填充信号占用所述信道，直至所述第一候选资源的起始时刻开始在所述第一候选资源上发送所述第一参考信号。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号，在所述第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号之后，所述方法还包括：
    当所述第一候选资源占用时隙的最后的相应数量的符号时，在所述第一候选资源结束时的下一个时隙的开始处发送第二参考信号；
    其中，所述第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
  6. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号，在所述第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号之后，所述方法还包括：
    当所述第一候选资源不是占用时隙的最后的相应数量的符号时，在所述第一候选资源结束时发送填充信号直至时隙结束，并在下一个时隙的开始处发送第二参考信号；
    其中，所述第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述灵活候选资源为所述预设资源在时间上向前平移或向后平移的资源。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述在时间上进行平移的粒度为一个或多个时隙。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述灵活候选资源占用所述时间窗内的时隙的最后的相应数量的符号。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述时间窗与在相同频点的邻小区使用的发送所述第一参考信号的灵活候选资源所在的时间窗相同。
  11. 一种在使用非授权频段的小区中传输参考信号的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    确定使用非授权频段的小区传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合 所在的时间窗，所述候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源，所述预设资源为所述小区处于激活态时按照第一周期传输所述第一参考信号时需要使用的在时间窗内的资源，所述灵活候选资源为所述预设资源在时间上平移后得到的且在所述时间窗内的候选资源，所述时间窗出现的周期为第二周期，所述第二周期大于所述第一周期；
    在所述时间窗内，在所述非授权频段上检测第一参考信号。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号，在所述非授权频段上检测第一参考信号之后，所述方法还包括：
    如果成功检测到所述第一参考信号，在所述非授权频段上检测第二参考信号，所述第二参考信号占用的传输资源在时间上晚于所述第一参考信号占用的传输资源，所述第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述确定使用非授权频段的小区传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合所在的时间窗之前，所述方法还包括：
    接收基站发送的无线资源控制RRC信令，所述RRC信令携带所述时间窗的长度及出现周期。
  14. 根据权利要求11至13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述灵活候选资源为所述预设资源在时间上向前平移或向后平移的资源。
  15. 根据权利要求11至14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述在时间上进行平移的粒度为一个或多个时隙。
  16. 根据权利要求11至15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述灵活候选资源占用所述时间窗内的时隙的最后的相应数量的符号。
  17. 根据权利要求11至16中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述时间窗与在相同频点的邻小区使用的发送所述第一参考信号的灵活候选资源所在的时间窗相同。
  18. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括：
    第一确定单元，用于确定在使用非授权频段的小区上传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合，所述候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源，所述预设资源为所述小区处于激活态时按照第一周期传输所述第一 参考信号时需要使用的在时间窗内的资源，所述灵活候选资源为所述预设资源在时间上平移后得到的且在所述时间窗内的候选资源，所述时间窗出现的周期为第二周期，所述第二周期大于所述第一周期；
    第二确定单元，用于确定在使用非授权频段的小区中传输第一参考信号时使用的第一候选资源，所述第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态，且所述第一候选资源为候选资源集合中的预设资源或者灵活候选资源；
    发送单元，用于在所述第一候选资源上发送第一参考信号。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的基站，其特征在于，所述第二确定单元具体用于，
    在所述第一候选资源之前的预设时间间隔处，启动在所述非授权频上的空闲信道评测CCA，得到CCA的结果；
    根据所述CCA的结果，确定所述第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的基站，其特征在于，所述第二确定单元具体用于，
    当所述CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，确定所述第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态；或者
    当所述CCA的结果表示信道空闲时，进行随机回退，当在随机回退的时间内信道仍为空闲时，确定所述第一候选资源所对应的非授权频段上的信道处于空闲状态。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的基站，其特征在于，所述发送单元具体用于，
    如果确定信道处于空闲状态的时刻与所述第一候选资源的起始时刻相同，在所述第一候选资源上发送所述第一参考信号；
    如果确定信道处于空闲状态的时刻早于所述第一候选资源的起始时刻，发送填充信号占用所述信道，直至所述第一候选资源的起始时刻开始在所述第一候选资源上发送所述第一参考信号。
  22. 根据权利要求18至21中任一项所述的基站，其特征在于，所述第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号，所述发送单元还用于，
    当所述第一候选资源占用时隙的最后的相应数量的符号时，在所述第一 候选资源结束时的下一个时隙的开始处发送第二参考信号；
    其中，所述第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
  23. 根据权利要求18至21中任一项所述的基站，所述第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号，所述发送单元还用于，
    当所述第一候选资源不是占用时隙的最后的相应数量的符号时，在所述第一候选资源结束时发送填充信号直至时隙结束，并在下一个时隙的开始处发送第二参考信号；
    其中，所述第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
  24. 根据权利要求18至23中任一项所述的基站，其特征在于，所述灵活候选资源为所述预设资源在时间上向前平移或向后平移的资源。
  25. 根据权利要求18至24中任一项所述的基站，其特征在于，所述在时间上进行平移的粒度为一个或多个时隙。
  26. 根据权利要求18至25中任一项所述的基站，其特征在于，所述灵活候选资源占用所述时间窗内的时隙的最后的相应数量的符号。
  27. 根据权利要求18至26中任一项所述的基站，其特征在于，所述时间窗与在相同频点的邻小区使用的发送所述第一参考信号的灵活候选资源所在的时间窗相同。
  28. 一种用户设备，其特征在于，包括：
    确定单元，用于确定使用非授权频段的小区传输第一参考信号时使用的候选资源集合所在的时间窗，所述候选资源集合包括预设资源和至少一个灵活候选资源，所述预设资源为所述小区处于激活态时按照第一周期传输所述第一参考信号时需要使用的在时间窗内的资源，所述灵活候选资源为所述预设资源在时间上平移后得到的且在所述时间窗内的候选资源，所述时间窗出现的周期为第二周期，所述第二周期大于所述第一周期；
    检测单元，用于在所述时间窗内，在所述非授权频段上检测第一参考信号。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的用户设备，其特征在于，所述第一参考信号包括用于小区同步的参考信号，所述检测单元还用于，
    如果成功检测到所述第一参考信号，在所述非授权频段上检测第二参考 信号，所述第二参考信号占用的传输资源在时间上晚于所述第一参考信号占用的传输资源，所述第二参考信号包括小区特定参考信号CRS、信道状态信息参考信号CSI-RS和定位参考信号PRS中的一种或多种。
  30. 根据权利要求28或29所述的用户设备，其特征在于，还包括：
    接收单元，用于接收基站发送的无线资源控制RRC信令，所述RRC信令携带所述时间窗的长度及出现周期。
  31. 根据权利要求28至30中任一项所述的用户设备，其特征在于，所述灵活候选资源为所述预设资源在时间上向前平移或向后平移的资源。
  32. 根据权利要求28至31中任一项所述的用户设备，其特征在于，所述在时间上进行平移的粒度为一个或多个时隙。
  33. 根据权利要求28至32中任一项所述的用户设备，其特征在于，所述灵活候选资源占用所述时间窗内的时隙的最后的相应数量的符号。
  34. 根据权利要求28至33中任一项所述的用户设备，其特征在于，所述时间窗与在相同频点的邻小区使用的发送所述第一参考信号的灵活候选资源所在的时间窗相同。
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