WO2016103578A1 - 車両用空調装置 - Google Patents
車両用空調装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016103578A1 WO2016103578A1 PCT/JP2015/005893 JP2015005893W WO2016103578A1 WO 2016103578 A1 WO2016103578 A1 WO 2016103578A1 JP 2015005893 W JP2015005893 W JP 2015005893W WO 2016103578 A1 WO2016103578 A1 WO 2016103578A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- coolant
- heat exchanger
- passage
- water
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
- B60H1/00921—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is an extra subcondenser, e.g. in an air duct
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3227—Cooling devices using compression characterised by the arrangement or the type of heat exchanger, e.g. condenser, evaporator
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
- B60H1/3228—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
- B60H1/32284—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations comprising two or more secondary circuits, e.g. at evaporator and condenser side
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H2001/00928—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising a secondary circuit
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H2001/00949—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising additional heating/cooling sources, e.g. second evaporator
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a vehicle air conditioner.
- a heating device for a vehicle there is a hot water heater that heats the interior of a vehicle using heat of engine coolant that has become high.
- a heat pump type cooling device that cools air sent into a vehicle interior using a heat pump.
- Patent Document 1 uses a heat pump to add a configuration for heating the coolant of the hot water heater to improve the heating performance as compared with the hot water heater that only uses the heat of the engine coolant.
- An air conditioner for a vehicle that can be used is disclosed.
- the vehicle air conditioner of Patent Document 1 is configured such that the coolant flows in the order of the engine cooling unit, the heat pump cycle condenser, the heater core, and the heat pump cycle evaporator.
- the vehicle air conditioner includes a coolant passage, a refrigerant passage, a compressor, a first water refrigerant heat exchanger, a second water refrigerant heat exchanger, and a heater core.
- the coolant passage is connected to a cooling part of a heat generating component of the vehicle and circulates a coolant for heat transport in a circulating manner.
- the refrigerant passage circulates the refrigerant cyclically.
- the compressor is disposed in the refrigerant passage and compresses the refrigerant.
- the first water refrigerant heat exchanger is disposed in the coolant passage and the coolant passage, and performs heat exchange between the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant decompressed through the first expansion valve disposed in the coolant passage and the coolant. Vaporize the refrigerant.
- the second water refrigerant heat exchanger is disposed in the coolant passage and the refrigerant passage, and exchanges heat between the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor after passing through the first water-refrigerant heat exchanger and the coolant. Allow the refrigerant to condense.
- a heater core is arrange
- the coolant passage is branched at the junction where the coolant is branched into two flows, the junction where the two flows of the coolant branched by the branch are merged, and merges at the junction A first portion and a second portion of the coolant passage;
- the first water refrigerant heat exchanger is disposed in the first portion of the coolant passage, and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger is disposed in the second portion of the coolant passage.
- a vehicle air conditioner that can improve the heating performance of the configuration in which the vehicle interior is warmed by the coolant and can reduce the pressure loss in the coolant passage.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a vehicle air conditioner according to Embodiment 1.
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram illustrating the vehicle air conditioner according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram illustrating a first modification of the refrigerant circuit of the vehicle air conditioner according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing Modification Example 2 of the refrigerant circuit of the vehicle air conditioner according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a third modification of the refrigerant circuit of the vehicle air conditioner according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram illustrating a fourth modification of the refrigerant circuit of the vehicle air conditioner according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing Modification Example 5 of the refrigerant circuit of the vehicle air conditioner according to the embodiment.
- a condenser and an evaporator are connected in series in the coolant passage.
- the condenser and the evaporator are formed with a coolant passage having a small cross-sectional area in order to increase the efficiency of heat exchange. For this reason, if the condenser and the evaporator are connected in series to the coolant passage, the pressure loss in the coolant passage increases.
- the vehicle air conditioner since the vehicle air conditioner is mounted in a limited mounting space of the vehicle, it is required to reduce the size of each component.
- the condenser and the evaporator are connected in series to the coolant passage, the pressure loss in the coolant passage is further increased. Therefore, there is a limit to miniaturization of the capacitor and the evaporator.
- the vehicle air conditioner 1 is a device that is mounted on a vehicle having an engine (internal combustion engine) as a heat generating component and performs air conditioning including heating and cooling in the passenger compartment.
- engine internal combustion engine
- the vehicle air conditioner 1 includes a compressor 38, an engine cooling section (corresponding to a cooling section for heat-generating parts) 40, a heater core 44, an evaporator 48, an expansion valve 37, an outdoor condenser 39, a check valve 15, and first water refrigerant heat exchange. 11, a second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, an on-off valve 13, an on-off valve 14, an expansion valve 36, and a coolant passage 20 and a refrigerant passage 50 that connect them.
- the on-off valve 13 and the on-off valve 14 correspond to an example of a switching unit that switches the refrigerant passage.
- the heater core 44 and the evaporator 48 are disposed in an intake passage of an HVAC (Heating, “Ventilation,” and “Air” Conditioning) 70.
- the HVAC 70 is provided with a fan F1 through which intake air flows.
- the compressor 38 is driven by engine power, compresses the sucked refrigerant to high temperature and high pressure, and discharges it.
- the low-pressure refrigerant is sucked from the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 or the evaporator 48 into the compressor 38 through the junction pipe.
- the compressed refrigerant is sent to the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 or the outdoor condenser 39.
- the engine cooling unit 40 includes a water jacket for flowing a coolant around the engine and a pump for flowing the coolant to the water jacket, and releases heat from the engine to the coolant flowing in the water jacket.
- the pump is rotated by the power of the engine, for example.
- the engine cooling unit 40 may include a radiator that releases heat to the outside air when the amount of exhaust heat of the engine increases.
- the cooling liquid is an antifreeze liquid such as LLC (Long Life Life Coolant), and is a liquid for transporting heat.
- the configuration for transferring the coolant may be only the pump of the engine cooling unit 40. Thereby, reduction of the cost of an apparatus and reduction of the installation space of an apparatus can be aimed at.
- a pump may be added to another part of the coolant passage 20 in order to increase the coolant transfer capability.
- the heater core 44 is a device that exchanges heat between the coolant and air, and is disposed in the intake passage of the HVAC 70 that supplies air into the passenger compartment. Heated coolant is supplied to the heater core 44, and heat is released to intake air (air blown into the vehicle compartment) sent to the vehicle interior in the heating mode.
- the heater core 44 can adjust the amount of air passing through the opening of the door 44a.
- the door 44a can be opened and closed by electrical control.
- the door 44a is also called a mix door.
- the evaporator 48 is a device that exchanges heat between the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant and the air, and is disposed in the intake passage of the HVAC 70.
- the evaporator 48 is supplied with a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant in the cooling mode or the dehumidifying mode to cool the intake air supplied to the vehicle interior.
- the expansion valve 37 expands the high-pressure refrigerant to a low temperature and low pressure and discharges it to the evaporator 48.
- the expansion valve 37 is disposed in the vicinity of the evaporator 48.
- the expansion valve 37 may be a temperature type expansion valve (TXV) that automatically adjusts the refrigerant flow rate based on the refrigerant temperature at the refrigerant delivery port of the evaporator 48.
- TXV temperature type expansion valve
- the outdoor condenser 39 has a passage through which the refrigerant flows and a passage through which the air flows.
- the outdoor condenser 39 is disposed near the top of the vehicle in the engine room and exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the outside air.
- a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is passed through the outdoor condenser 39 in the cooling mode and the dehumidifying mode, and heat is discharged from the refrigerant to the outside air. Outside air is blown onto the outdoor condenser 39 by, for example, a fan.
- a liquid tank 39 a may be provided on the refrigerant delivery side of the outdoor condenser 39.
- the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 has a passage through which a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant flows and a passage through which a coolant flows, and performs heat exchange between the refrigerant and the coolant.
- the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 is discharged from the expansion valve 36 with a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant to transfer heat from the coolant to the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant.
- coolant heat exchanger 11 vaporizes a low-temperature / low pressure refrigerant
- the coolant inlet of the first water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 communicates with the engine cooling section 40 via the coolant passage 20, and the coolant outlet and outlet communicates with the heater core 44 via the coolant passage 20.
- the refrigerant inlet of the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 is communicated with the expansion valve 36 via the refrigerant passage 50, and the refrigerant outlet is communicated with the refrigerant passage 50 that merges with the suction port of the compressor 38. .
- the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 has a passage through which a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows and a passage through which a cooling liquid flows, and performs heat exchange between the refrigerant and the cooling liquid.
- the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 is supplied with a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor 38 in a predetermined operation mode, and releases heat from the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to the coolant.
- the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 condenses the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant.
- the coolant inlet of the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 is communicated with the engine cooling unit 40 via the coolant passage 20, and the coolant outlet is communicated with the heater core 44 via the coolant passage 20.
- the refrigerant inlet of the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 is communicated with the on-off valve 14 via the refrigerant passage 50, and the refrigerant outlet is communicated with the expansion valve 36 via the refrigerant passage 50.
- the expansion valve 36 expands the high-pressure refrigerant to a low temperature and low pressure and discharges it to the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11.
- the expansion valve 36 is disposed in the vicinity of the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11.
- the expansion valve 36 may be a temperature expansion valve (TXV) that automatically adjusts the refrigerant flow rate based on the refrigerant temperature at the refrigerant delivery port of the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11.
- TXV temperature expansion valve
- the check valve 15 is a valve that prevents the refrigerant sent from the first water / refrigerant heat exchanger 11 from flowing into the evaporator 48 in the operation mode in which the refrigerant does not flow through the outdoor condenser 39 and the evaporator 48.
- the check valve 15 is provided between the evaporator 48 and an intersection where the refrigerant introduction passage of the compressor 38, the refrigerant outlet passage of the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11, and the refrigerant outlet passage of the evaporator 48 intersect.
- the on-off valve 13 is a valve that switches opening and closing of the refrigerant passage 50 by, for example, electrical control.
- the on-off valve 13 is, for example, an electromagnetic valve.
- the on-off valve 14 is a valve that switches opening and closing of the refrigerant passage 50 by, for example, electrical control.
- the on-off valve 14 is, for example, an electromagnetic valve.
- the refrigerant passage 50 includes the compressor 38, the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, the expansion valve 36, the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11, the compressor 38, and a first refrigerant passage that circulates the refrigerant in this order. Yes.
- the refrigerant passage 50 has a compressor 38, an outdoor condenser 39, an expansion valve 37, an evaporator 48, a compressor 38, and a second refrigerant passage through which the refrigerant flows in this order.
- the on-off valve 13 is provided in the middle of the second refrigerant passage, and the on-off valve 14 is provided in the middle of the first refrigerant passage.
- the on-off valve 13 When the on-off valve 13 is opened and the on-off valve 14 is closed, the refrigerant in the first refrigerant passage stops and the refrigerant flows through the second refrigerant passage.
- the on-off valve 13 When the on-off valve 13 is closed and the on-off valve 14 is opened, the refrigerant in the second refrigerant passage stops, and the refrigerant flows through the first refrigerant passage.
- the on-off valve 13 and the on-off valve 14 can be replaced with one three-way valve.
- the three-way valve has one inlet for introducing the refrigerant and two outlets for sending the refrigerant.
- the refrigerant outlet can be switched to one of two outlets by electrical control.
- the on-off valve 13 (switching unit) and the on-off valve 14 (switching unit) are replaced with a three-way valve, the refrigerant inlet of the three-way valve is on the compressor 38 side, and one of the two outlets of the three-way valve is the second water. What is necessary is just to connect the other outlet to the outdoor capacitor
- the coolant passage 20 is a passage through which coolant flows in a circulating manner to the engine cooling unit 40, the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11, the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, and the heater core 44.
- the coolant passage 20 includes a branch portion 21 that branches the coolant into two flows, a junction portion 22 that joins two flows of the coolant branched by the branch portion 21, and a branch portion 21 and a junction portion 22. A first portion and a second portion are provided in parallel therebetween.
- the branch portion 21 is provided downstream of the engine cooling portion 40, and the junction portion 22 is provided upstream of the heater core 44.
- the coolant that is sent out from the engine cooling unit 40 and flows through the two portions (the first portion and the second portion) of the coolant passage 20 branched at the branch portion 21 is the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the second water refrigerant. After passing through each of the heat exchangers 12, they merge at the junction 22 and are sent to the heater core 44. That is, the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 include the first portion of the coolant passage 20 provided in parallel between the engine cooling unit 40 and the heater core 44 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12. It is arranged in each part.
- the vehicle air conditioner 1 operates by switching several operation modes such as a heating mode, a temperature control mode, and a cooling mode.
- the heating mode is a mode in which the vehicle interior is heated without operating the heat pump.
- the cooling mode is a mode in which the passenger compartment is cooled by the action of the heat pump.
- a temperature control mode in which air temperature and humidity are adjusted by appropriately combining air cooling and dehumidification with a low-temperature refrigerant and air heating with a high-temperature coolant can be selected.
- the heating mode and the cooling mode will be described as representative examples.
- Heating mode In the heating mode, the on / off valve 13 is closed and the on / off valve 14 is opened. Further, the door 44a of the heater core 44 is opened (for example, fully opened). Further, the compressor 38 operates.
- the compressor 38 When the compressor 38 is operated, the refrigerant flows cyclically through the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, the expansion valve 36, the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11, and the compressor 38 in this order. Specifically, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 38 dissipates heat to the coolant in the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 and condenses. The condensed refrigerant is expanded by the expansion valve 36 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant, and is sent to the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11. The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is vaporized by absorbing heat from the coolant in the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11. The vaporized low-pressure refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 38 and compressed.
- the coolant flows cyclically through the engine cooling unit 40, the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11, the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, and the heater core 44.
- the coolant sent from the engine cooling unit 40 branches at the branching portion 21 of the coolant passage 20 and is introduced into the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, respectively.
- the coolant that has passed through the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 joins at the junction 22 of the coolant passage 20 and is sent to the heater core 44.
- One of the coolants branched at the branch part 21 of the coolant passage 20 is heated by absorbing heat from the coolant and condensing the coolant in the second water coolant heat exchanger 12.
- the other of the coolant branched by the branch portion 21 of the coolant passage 20 is cooled by releasing heat to the coolant in the first water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 to vaporize the coolant.
- the coolant heated by the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 and the coolant cooled by the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 merge at the junction 22 of the coolant passage 20 to the heater core 44. Sent.
- the coolant sent to the heater core 44 has a temperature rise amount of the coolant heated by the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 rather than a temperature drop amount of the coolant cooled by the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11. Therefore, the intake air sent into the passenger compartment can be sufficiently heated by the heater core 44.
- heat is transferred from the low temperature portion (first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11) of the heat pump to the high temperature portion (second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12), and the moved heat is used for heating.
- the amount of heat used for heating is mainly obtained by converting power applied to the compressor 38 from the outside into heat.
- the amount of heat utilized for such heating may be considered similar to providing an electric heater and the electric heater heating the coolant.
- the configuration of the first embodiment can add a heat amount several times or a dozen times larger to the coolant, and a high heating capacity is obtained.
- the compressor 38 can apply a large power to the compressor 38 without increasing the size of the compressor 38.
- the compressor 38 operates by receiving power from the engine. In order to apply electric power equivalent to such motive power to the electric heater, it is necessary to make the electric heater very large and to be able to withstand a large current, which is actually difficult. Therefore, although the configuration of the first embodiment does not use the heat pump function, a higher heating capacity can be obtained by applying larger electric power or power to the compressor 38 than in the case of using an electric heater.
- the coolant branches into the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 and flows in parallel, so that the first water Even if the refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 are downsized, an increase in the total water flow resistance in the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 can be suppressed. . Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 can be reduced in size without increasing the pressure loss of the coolant.
- [Cooling mode] In the cooling mode, the on-off valve 13 is opened, the on-off valve 14 is closed, and the expansion valve 36 is closed. Further, the door 44a of the heater core 44 is fully closed. Further, the compressor 38 operates. When the compressor 38 is operated, the refrigerant circulates through the outdoor condenser 39, the expansion valve 37, the evaporator 48, and the compressor 38 in this order. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 38 is condensed by releasing heat to the air by the outdoor condenser 39. The condensed refrigerant is subsequently expanded by the expansion valve 37 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant and sent to the evaporator 48.
- the evaporator 48 heat exchange is performed between the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant and the air blown into the vehicle interior, the air blown into the vehicle interior is cooled, and the low-pressure refrigerant is vaporized. The vaporized low-pressure refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 38 and compressed.
- the vehicle air conditioner 2 is a device that is mounted on a vehicle having an engine (internal combustion engine) and adjusts air in the passenger compartment.
- the coolant passage 80 is a passage for circulating coolant through the engine cooling unit 40, the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11, the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, and the heater core 44.
- the coolant passage 80 includes a branch portion 81 that branches the coolant into two flows, a junction portion 82 that joins the two flows of the coolant branched by the branch portion 81, and the branch portion 21 and the junction portion 22. A first portion and a second portion are provided in parallel therebetween.
- the branch portion 81 is provided downstream of the engine cooling portion 40, and the junction portion 82 is provided downstream of the heater core 44.
- the coolant flowing through the second portion of the coolant passage 80 passes through the second water / refrigerant heat exchanger 12, further passes through the heater core 44, and flows to the junction 82.
- the coolant flowing through the first portion of the coolant passage 80 passes through the first water-refrigerant heat exchanger and flows to the junction 82 without passing through the heater core 44. That is, the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 disposed in the first portion of the coolant passage 80 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 and the heater core 44 disposed in the second portion of the coolant passage 80 are Connected in parallel.
- the coolant sent from the engine cooling unit 40 is branched by the branching portion 81 of the coolant passage 80 and introduced into the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12. .
- the coolant sent from the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 is introduced into the heater core 44.
- the coolant sent from the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the coolant sent from the heater core 44 merge at the junction 82 of the coolant passage 80 and are introduced into the engine cooling unit 40. .
- the amount of heat radiated from the heater core 44 to the air flow into the passenger compartment is converted into heat by the amount of heat obtained from the engine cooling unit 40 and the power or power applied to the compressor 38 from the outside. Obtained from the amount of heat. Therefore, also in the vehicle air conditioner 2 of the second embodiment, a high heating capacity can be obtained by the same action as that of the first embodiment.
- the coolant branches into the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 and flows in parallel. Therefore, even if the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 are downsized, the total water resistance in the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 is increased. Can be suppressed. Therefore, according to the second embodiment, the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 can be downsized without causing an increase in pressure loss.
- the present disclosure is not limited to the configurations and methods specifically shown in the embodiments.
- the components of the refrigerant circuit through which the refrigerant flows in the cooling mode are not limited to the illustrated example, and various refrigerant circuits may be applied.
- the components of the refrigerant circuit through which the refrigerant flows in the heating mode may include other components as long as the first water refrigerant heat exchanger and the second water refrigerant heat exchanger are included.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram illustrating Modification Example 1 of the refrigerant circuit of the vehicle air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing Modification Example 2 of the refrigerant circuit of the vehicle air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing a third modification of the refrigerant circuit of the vehicle air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing Modification Example 4 of the refrigerant circuit of the vehicle air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing Modification 5 of the refrigerant circuit of the vehicle air conditioner according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the refrigerant has a first refrigerant circuit that flows through the compressor 38, the outdoor condenser 39, the expansion valve 37, and the evaporator 48.
- the refrigerant has a second refrigerant circuit that flows through the compressor 38, the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, the expansion valve 36, and the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11.
- the switching part for example, on-off valve 13 and on-off valve 14 which can be switched so that a refrigerant flows into the 1st refrigerant circuit at the time of air conditioning mode, and a refrigerant flows into the 2nd refrigerant circuit at the time of heating mode.
- the refrigerant flows through the compressor 38, the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, the outdoor condenser 39, the expansion valve 37, the evaporator 48, the compressor 38, and the second water refrigerant heat. It is good also as a structure which has the 4th refrigerant circuit which flows through the exchanger 12, the expansion valve 36, and the 1st water refrigerant
- the on-off valve 17 and the on-off valve 18 may be changed to one three-way valve.
- the refrigerant is condensed not by the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 but by the outdoor condenser 39.
- the flow of the coolant to the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 may be stopped so that the heat exchange between the coolant and the refrigerant is not performed in the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12.
- the flow of the coolant to the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 may be reduced so that only a small amount of heat is exchanged between the coolant and the refrigerant.
- an expansion valve 36B with a solenoid valve may be adopted instead of the on-off valve 18 and the expansion valve 36 of FIG.
- the expansion valve 36B with a solenoid valve is an expansion valve that opens and closes by electrical control, becomes an expansion valve when opened, and blocks a refrigerant flow when closed.
- the outdoor capacitor 39 may be removed from the refrigerant circuit.
- the fifth refrigerant circuit in which the refrigerant flows through the compressor 38, the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, the expansion valve 37, and the evaporator 48, the compressor 38, the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12, the expansion valve 36, and the first water. It is good also as a structure which has the 6th refrigerant circuit which flows through the refrigerant
- the switching part for example, on-off valve 17 and on-off valve 18 which can be switched so that a refrigerant flows into the 5th refrigerant circuit at the time of air conditioning mode, and a refrigerant flows to the 6th refrigerant circuit at the time of heating mode. It may be.
- the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 in the cooling mode, the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 needs to transfer heat from the refrigerant to the coolant to condense the refrigerant. Therefore, in the example of FIG. 5, the configuration in which the heat transferred from the refrigerant to the coolant in the second water-refrigerant heat exchanger 12 is transferred to the outside air or the like may be added to the coolant circuit.
- a flow rate adjustment valve 60 may be provided between the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the junction 22.
- a flow rate adjustment valve 60 may be provided between the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the junction 82.
- the flow rate adjusting valve 60 (corresponding to an example of the flow rate adjusting unit) shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is a flow rate of the coolant flowing through the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and a coolant flowing through the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12. Adjust the flow rate.
- the flow rate adjustment valve 60 is configured so that the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 is smaller than before the adjustment, and the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 is before the adjustment. Adjustment is performed so as to increase the number (hereinafter referred to as first adjustment). In this first adjustment, the ratio of the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 and the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 is adjusted to be, for example, 1: 2.
- the first adjustment the ratio of the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 and the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 is adjusted to be, for example, 1: 2.
- the temperature of the coolant after flowing through the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 is higher than that before the first adjustment.
- merging part 22 also becomes high temperature compared with 1st adjustment. Therefore, according to the first adjustment, the heating performance can be improved. For example, it is effective when immediate warming performance is required, when the refrigerant pressure is low, when the coolant temperature is low, or when the engine speed is low.
- the flow rate adjustment valve 60 is configured so that the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 is smaller than that before the adjustment, and the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 is reduced.
- the adjustment is made so that it is larger than before adjustment (hereinafter referred to as second adjustment).
- second adjustment the ratio of the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the flow rate of the coolant flowing through the second water refrigerant heat exchanger 12 is adjusted to be, for example, 1: 2.
- the temperature of the coolant after flowing through the first water-refrigerant heat exchanger 11 is lower than that before the second adjustment.
- merging part 22 also becomes low temperature compared with 2nd adjustment. Therefore, according to the second adjustment, the heating performance can be lowered. For example, this is effective when the pressure of the coolant passage increases too much as the output of the engine increases. For example, it is effective when the pressure of the refrigerant is high, when the coolant temperature is high, or when the engine speed is high.
- the switching between the first adjustment and the second adjustment may be performed by a control unit (not shown).
- the control unit may control the flow rate adjustment valve 60 so that the first adjustment is performed.
- the control unit controls the flow rate adjustment valve 60 so that the second adjustment is performed. Also good.
- FIG. 6 and 7 illustrate an example in which the flow rate adjustment valve 60 is disposed between the first water refrigerant heat exchanger 11 and the merging portion 22 or the merging portion 82, the arrangement position of the flow rate regulating valve 60 is illustrated. Is not limited to this.
- the flow rate adjusting valve 60 may be disposed at the branching portion 21, may be disposed at the merging portion 22, or is disposed at a predetermined position between the branching portion 21 and the merging portion 22. May be.
- the flow rate adjustment valve 60 may be disposed at the branch portion 81, may be disposed at the junction portion 82, or may be disposed at a predetermined position between the branch portion 81 and the junction portion 82. It may be arranged.
- the flow rate adjustment valve 60 has been described as an example of the flow rate adjustment unit, the flow rate adjustment unit is not limited to this.
- a three-way valve or a water pump having the same function as the flow rate adjustment valve 60 may be used as the flow rate adjustment unit.
- the three-way valve is disposed at, for example, a branching unit or a junction unit.
- the compressor 38 may be driven by electricity.
- the electric compressor 38 converts electric power supplied from the outside into a motion of compressing the refrigerant. For this reason, large electric power can be applied to the compressor 38.
- the present invention is suitable for a vehicle air conditioner provided in a vehicle.
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Abstract
Description
<車両用空調装置の構成>
本開示の実施の形態1に係る車両用空調装置1につき、図1を参照しながら、以下に詳細に説明する。
次に、車両用空調装置1の動作につき、図1を参照しながら、以下に詳細に説明する。
暖房モードでは、開閉弁13が閉、開閉弁14が開、に切り換えられる。また、ヒーターコア44のドア44aは開かれる(例えば全開)。さらに、コンプレッサ38が作動する。
冷房モードでは、開閉弁13が開、開閉弁14が閉、膨張弁36が閉に切り換えられる。また、ヒーターコア44のドア44aは、全閉される。さらに、コンプレッサ38が作動する。コンプレッサ38が作動することで、冷媒は、室外コンデンサ39、膨張弁37、エバポレータ48、および、コンプレッサ38を、この順で循環的に流れる。コンプレッサ38により圧縮された高温高圧冷媒は、室外コンデンサ39で空気に放熱を行うことで凝縮する。凝縮された冷媒は、続いて、膨張弁37により膨張されて低温低圧の冷媒となり、エバポレータ48に送られる。エバポレータ48では、低温低圧の冷媒と車室内への送風との間で熱交換が行われ、車室内への送風は冷却され、低圧の冷媒は気化される。気化した低圧の冷媒は、コンプレッサ38に吸引されて圧縮される。
<車両用空調装置の構成>
本開示の実施の形態2に係る車両用空調装置2につき、図2を参照しながら、以下に詳細に説明する。
次に、車両用空調装置2の動作につき、図2を参照しながら、以下に詳細に説明する。
暖房モードでは、エンジン冷却部40から送出された冷却液は、冷却液通路80の分岐部81で分岐されて第1水冷媒熱交換器11と第2水冷媒熱交換器12とに導入される。第2水冷媒熱交換器12から送出された冷却液は、ヒーターコア44に導入される。そして、第1水冷媒熱交換器11から送出された冷却液と、ヒーターコア44から送出された冷却液とは、冷却液通路80の合流部82で合流してエンジン冷却部40に導入される。
2 車両用空調装置
11 第1水冷媒熱交換器
12 第2水冷媒熱交換器
13 開閉弁(切換部)
14 開閉弁(切換部)
15 逆止弁
17 開閉弁
18 開閉弁
20 冷却液通路
21 分岐部
22 合流部
36 膨張弁(第1膨張弁)
36B 膨張弁
37 膨張弁(第2膨張弁)
38 コンプレッサ
39 室外コンデンサ
39a リキッドタンク
40 エンジン冷却部
44 ヒーターコア
44a ドア
48 エバポレータ
50 冷媒通路
60 流量調整弁(流量調整部)
80 冷却液通路
81 分岐部
82 合流部
Claims (10)
- 車両の発熱部品の冷却部に接続され、熱輸送用の冷却液を循環的に流す冷却液通路と、
冷媒を循環的に流す冷媒通路と、
前記冷媒通路に配置され、前記冷媒を圧縮するコンプレッサと、
前記冷却液通路及び前記冷媒通路に配置され、前記冷媒通路に配置された第1膨張弁を通って減圧された低温低圧の前記冷媒と前記冷却液との間で熱交換させて前記冷媒を気化させる第1水冷媒熱交換器と、
前記冷却液通路及び前記冷媒通路に配置され、前記第1水冷媒熱交換器を通過した後に前記コンプレッサにより圧縮された高温高圧の前記冷媒と前記冷却液との間で熱交換させて前記冷媒を凝縮させる第2水冷媒熱交換器と、
前記冷却液通路に配置され、車室内への送風を加熱するヒーターコアと、を具備し、
前記冷却液通路は、前記冷却液を2つの流れに分岐させる分岐部と、前記分岐部により分岐された前記冷却液の2つの流れを合流させる合流部と、前記分岐部で分岐し、前記合流部で合流する前記冷却液通路の第1部分及び第2部分とを有し、
前記冷却液通路の前記第1部分に前記第1水冷媒熱交換器が配置され、前記冷却液通路の前記第2部分に前記第2水冷媒熱交換器が配置される、
車両用空調装置。 - 前記分岐部は、前記車両の発熱部品の冷却部からの前記冷却液の流れを分岐し、
前記合流部は、分岐された前記冷却液の流れを合流して、前記ヒーターコアへ流す、
請求項1記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記分岐部は、前記車両の発熱部品の冷却部からの前記冷却液の流れを分岐し、
前記合流部は、分岐された前記冷却液の流れを合流して、前記車両の発熱部品の冷却部へ流し、
前記第2水冷媒熱交換器を通過した前記冷却液が、前記ヒーターコアを通過して前記合流部へ流れ、前記第1水冷媒熱交換器を通過した前記冷却液が、前記ヒーターコアを通過せずに前記合流部へ流れるように前記冷却通路が構成されている、
請求項1記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記コンプレッサにより圧縮された高温高圧の前記冷媒を、外気との間で熱交換させて凝集させる室外コンデンサと、
前記冷媒通路に配置された第2膨張弁と、
前記室外コンデンサを通過した前記冷媒を、前記第2膨張弁により減圧させて低温低圧にして、車室内へ送られる空気と熱交換させるエバポレータと、をさらに備え、
前記冷媒通路は、前記コンプレッサ、前記第2水冷媒熱交換器、前記第1膨張弁、前記第1水冷媒熱交換器へ、この順に循環的に前記冷媒を流す第1冷媒回路と、前記コンプレッサ、前記室外コンデンサ、前記第2膨張弁、前記エバポレータへ、この順に循環的に前記冷媒を流す第2冷媒回路と、前記第1冷媒回路と前記第2冷媒回路とを切り換える切換部と、を有する、
請求項1記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記コンプレッサにより圧縮された高温高圧の前記冷媒を外気との間で熱交換させて凝集させる室外コンデンサと、
前記冷媒通路に配置された第2膨張弁と、
前記室外コンデンサを通過した前記冷媒を、前記第2膨張弁により減圧させて低温低圧にして、車室内へ送られる空気と熱交換させるエバポレータと、をさらに備え、
前記冷媒通路は、前記コンプレッサ、前記第2水冷媒熱交換器、前記室外コンデンサ、前記第2膨張弁、前記エバポレータへ、この順に循環的に前記冷媒を流す第3冷媒回路と、前記コンプレッサ、前記第2水冷媒熱交換器、前記第1膨張弁、前記第1水冷媒熱交換器へ、この順に循環的に冷媒を流す第4冷媒回路と、前記第3冷媒回路と前記第4冷媒回路とを切り換える切換部と、を有する、
請求項1記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記冷媒通路に配置された第2膨張弁と、
前記第2水冷媒熱交換器で凝縮された前記冷媒を前記第2膨張弁により減圧させて低温低圧にして、車室内へ送られる空気と熱交換させるエバポレータと、をさらに備え、
前記冷媒通路は、前記コンプレッサ、前記第2水冷媒熱交換器、前記第2膨張弁、前記エバポレータへ、この順に循環的に冷媒を流す第5冷媒回路と、前記コンプレッサ、前記第2水冷媒熱交換器、前記第1膨張弁、前記第1水冷媒熱交換器へ、この順に循環的に冷媒を流す第6冷媒回路と、前記第5冷媒回路と前記第6冷媒回路とを切り換える切換部と、を有する、
請求項1記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記第1水冷媒熱交換器から送出された前記冷媒が前記エバポレータへ流入することを防止する逆止弁をさらに備えた請求項4から請求項6の何れか一項に記載の車両用空調装置。
- 前記第2膨張弁は、前記第1膨張弁と異なる、
請求項4から請求項7の何れか一項に記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記第1水冷媒熱交換器を流れる前記冷却液の流量及び前記第2水冷媒熱交換器を流れる前記冷却液の流量を調整する流量調整部をさらに備えた、
請求項1から請求項7の何れか一項に記載の車両用空調装置。 - 前記流量調整部は、前記分岐部と前記合流部の間の前記冷却液通路、若しくは、前記分岐部、又は合流部に配置される、
請求項9に記載の車両用空調装置。
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EP15872155.5A EP3238966A4 (en) | 2014-12-24 | 2015-11-27 | Air conditioning device for vehicle |
JP2016565881A JPWO2016103578A1 (ja) | 2014-12-24 | 2015-11-27 | 車両用空調装置 |
CN201580057660.6A CN107074066A (zh) | 2014-12-24 | 2015-11-27 | 车辆用空调装置 |
US15/489,912 US10350964B2 (en) | 2014-12-24 | 2017-04-18 | Air conditioning device for vehicle |
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JP6269307B2 (ja) * | 2014-05-13 | 2018-01-31 | 株式会社デンソー | 車両用空調装置 |
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KR102429059B1 (ko) * | 2017-11-01 | 2022-08-04 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량의 파워트레인 및 공조 시스템 제어 장치 및 방법 |
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