WO2016101661A1 - 一种电池电量计量系统及方法 - Google Patents
一种电池电量计量系统及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016101661A1 WO2016101661A1 PCT/CN2015/089922 CN2015089922W WO2016101661A1 WO 2016101661 A1 WO2016101661 A1 WO 2016101661A1 CN 2015089922 W CN2015089922 W CN 2015089922W WO 2016101661 A1 WO2016101661 A1 WO 2016101661A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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- the present invention relates to battery fuel gauge technology, and more particularly to a battery fuel gauge system and method.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery power metering system, including: a battery parameter acquisition module and a control module;
- the battery parameter acquisition module is configured to acquire at least one of the following battery parameters: a battery voltage, a battery current, and a battery temperature;
- the control module is configured to calculate battery power information according to a battery parameter acquired by the battery parameter acquisition module and a preset algorithm; and the battery according to a preset control algorithm, and the battery parameter and/or battery power information
- the parameter acquisition module controls.
- the battery parameter acquisition module includes: an analog signal acquisition unit, an analog-to-digital conversion unit, and a digital logic execution unit;
- the analog signal acquisition unit is configured to collect at least one of the following analog signals: battery voltage, battery current, and battery temperature;
- the analog-to-digital conversion unit is configured to convert an analog signal collected by the analog signal acquisition unit into a digital signal
- the digital logic execution unit is configured to calibrate and store the digital signal; and control a hardware circuit of the analog signal acquisition unit according to a control command of the control module.
- the analog signal acquisition unit includes: a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch, a sixth switch, a seventh switch, and an eighth switch, a first voltage dividing resistor, a second voltage dividing resistor, a sampling resistor, a first resistor, a second resistor, and an operational amplifier;
- the first switch is connected in parallel with the second resistor, and the two ends are respectively connected to the inverting input end and the output end of the operational amplifier;
- sampling resistor One end of the sampling resistor is connected to the negative pole of the battery, and the other end is grounded;
- the fourth switch is connected to the negative pole of the battery at one end and the first resistor is connected to the other end;
- the two ends of the second switch are respectively connected to the other end of the first resistor and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier;
- One end of the third switch is connected between the fourth switch and the first resistor, and the other end is grounded;
- the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor are connected in series between the positive electrode of the battery and the ground;
- the fifth switch, the sixth switch, the seventh switch and the eighth switch respectively have one end connected to the forward input end of the operational amplifier, the other end of the fifth switch is connected to the current channel reference voltage, and the other end of the sixth switch is connected to the first point Between the second voltage dividing resistor of the voltage resistor, the other end of the seventh switch is connected to the temperature channel voltage, and the other end of the eighth switch is connected to the calibration channel reference voltage.
- the digital logic execution unit is specifically configured as:
- the first switch and the sixth switch are closed, the other switches are all disconnected, and the circuit is connected into a unity gain amplifier to provide driving capability for the battery voltage channel;
- control module when it is determined that battery temperature sampling is required, the control first The switch and the seventh switch are closed, the other switches are all disconnected, and the circuit is connected in the form of a unity gain amplifier to provide driving capability for the battery temperature channel;
- the second switch, the fourth switch, and the fifth switch are controlled to be closed, and the other switches are all disconnected, and the circuit is connected in the form of an adder to provide driving capability for the battery current channel.
- an embodiment of the present invention further provides a battery power measurement method, including:
- the battery parameter acquisition is controlled according to a preset control algorithm, and the battery parameters and/or battery power information.
- the obtaining at least one of the following battery parameters: battery voltage, battery current, and battery temperature includes:
- the digital signal is calibrated and stored.
- the circuit for collecting an analog signal includes:
- the first switch is connected in parallel with the second resistor, and the two ends are respectively connected to the inverting input end and the output end of the operational amplifier;
- sampling resistor One end of the sampling resistor is connected to the negative pole of the battery, and the other end is grounded;
- the fourth switch is connected to the negative pole of the battery at one end and the first resistor is connected to the other end;
- the two ends of the second switch are respectively connected to the other end of the first resistor and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier;
- One end of the third switch is connected between the fourth switch and the first resistor, and the other end is grounded;
- the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor are connected in series between the positive electrode of the battery and the ground;
- the fifth switch, the sixth switch, the seventh switch and the eighth switch respectively have one end connected to the forward input end of the operational amplifier, the other end of the fifth switch is connected to the current channel reference voltage, and the other end of the sixth switch is connected to the first point Between the second voltage dividing resistor of the voltage resistor, the other end of the seventh switch is connected to the temperature channel voltage, and the other end of the eighth switch is connected to the calibration channel reference voltage.
- the controlling the battery parameter acquisition according to the preset control algorithm, and the battery parameter and/or the battery power information includes:
- the first switch and the sixth switch when it is determined that the battery voltage sampling is required, the first switch and the sixth switch are closed, the other switches are all disconnected, and the circuit is connected into a unity gain amplifier form.
- the first switch and the seventh switch are controlled to be closed, the other switches are all disconnected, and the circuit is connected into a unity gain amplifier form.
- the second switch, the fourth switch, and the fifth switch are controlled to be closed, and other switches are disconnected, and the circuit is connected.
- An adder form that provides drive capability for the battery current path.
- the battery fuel gauge system and method of the embodiment of the present invention comprise: a battery parameter acquisition module and a control module; wherein the battery parameter acquisition module is configured to acquire at least one of the following battery parameters: battery voltage, battery current And a battery temperature; the control module configured to calculate battery power information according to a battery parameter acquired by the battery parameter acquisition module, and a preset algorithm; and according to a preset control algorithm, and the battery parameter and/or battery power information
- the battery parameter acquisition module is controlled.
- the embodiment of the invention obtains the battery power according to one or more of the battery voltage, the battery current and the battery temperature, so that the remaining power of the battery can be accurately obtained, and the user experience is improved.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery fuel gauge system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery parameter acquisition module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an analog signal acquisition unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a battery power measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of acquiring battery parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an implementation of a lithium battery fuel gauge system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a control mode of an operation mode of a power metering system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- Embodiment 8 is a buffer connection manner of a power metering system in sampling a battery current according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a power metering process according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the electricity metering system continuously detects the remaining battery capacity and working status of the battery, and reports the measurement results.
- Accurate fuel metering takes into account various factors such as battery voltage, charge and discharge current rate, battery temperature, self-discharge rate, and battery life.
- the fuel gauge can work on the battery side or on the system side.
- the embodiment of the present invention provides a battery power metering system.
- the system includes: a battery parameter obtaining module 11 and a control module 12;
- the battery parameter obtaining module 11 is configured to acquire at least one of the following battery parameters: a battery voltage, a battery current, and a battery temperature;
- the control module 12 is configured to calculate battery power information according to a battery parameter acquired by the battery parameter obtaining module 11 and a preset algorithm; and according to a preset control algorithm, and the battery parameter and/or battery power information
- the battery parameter acquisition module controls the battery.
- the battery parameter obtaining module 11 includes: simulation a signal acquisition unit 111, an analog to digital conversion unit 112, and a digital logic execution unit 113; wherein
- the analog signal acquisition unit 111 is configured to collect at least one of the following analog signals: a battery voltage, a battery current, and a battery temperature;
- the analog-to-digital conversion unit 112 is configured to convert an analog signal collected by the analog signal acquisition unit into a digital signal;
- the digital logic execution unit 113 is configured to calibrate and store the digital signal; and control the hardware circuit of the analog signal acquisition unit 111 according to a control command of the control module. Specifically, the digital logic execution unit generates a control signal and an offset signal of the hardware circuit, calculates the calibrated battery voltage, current, and temperature, and completes storage and reading of the user register.
- control module may adjust the working state of the power meter hardware circuit (such as the off mode, the normal mode, the sleep mode, etc.) according to a preset control algorithm and the battery parameter and/or battery power information.
- the analog signal collecting unit 111 includes: a first switch S1, a second switch S2, a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, a fifth switch S5, and a sixth switch S6. a seventh switch S7, an eighth switch S8, a first voltage dividing resistor RFB1, a second voltage dividing resistor RFB2, a sampling resistor Rsense , a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and an operational amplifier AMP;
- the first switch S1 is connected in parallel with the second resistor R2, and the two ends are respectively connected to the inverting input end and the output end of the operational amplifier AMP;
- sampling resistor Rsense One end of the sampling resistor Rsense is connected to the negative pole of the battery, and the other end is grounded;
- the fourth switch S4 is connected to the battery negative pole at one end, and the first resistor R1 is connected to the other end;
- the two ends of the second switch S2 are respectively connected to the other end of the first resistor R1 and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AMP;
- One end of the third switch S3 is connected between the fourth switch S4 and the first resistor R1, and the other end is connected Land
- the first voltage dividing resistor RFB1 and the second voltage dividing resistor RFB2 are connected in series between the positive pole of the battery and the ground;
- the fifth switch S5, the sixth switch S6, the seventh switch S7 and the eighth switch S8 respectively have one end connected to the forward input end of the operational amplifier AMP, and the other end of the fifth switch S5 is connected to the current channel reference voltage V curr_ref , the sixth switch The other end of S6 is connected between the second voltage dividing resistor RFB2 of the first voltage dividing resistor RFB1, the other end of the seventh switch S7 is connected to the temperature channel voltage V temp , and the other end of the eighth switch S8 is connected to the calibration channel reference voltage V ofst_ref .
- the system may further include an external anti-aliasing filter connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery and the NTC/ID port (on the precision resistor connected in series with the battery), corresponding to the battery voltage channel, Battery current channel, battery temperature channel, filters out high frequency noise and interference.
- an external anti-aliasing filter connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery and the NTC/ID port (on the precision resistor connected in series with the battery), corresponding to the battery voltage channel, Battery current channel, battery temperature channel, filters out high frequency noise and interference.
- the digital logic execution unit 113 is specifically configured to:
- the first switch S1 and the sixth switch S6 are closed, the other switches are all disconnected, and the circuit is connected in the form of a unity gain amplifier to provide driving capability for the battery voltage channel;
- the first switch S1 and the seventh switch S7 are controlled to be closed, the other switches are all disconnected, and the circuit is connected in the form of a unity gain amplifier to provide driving capability for the battery temperature channel;
- the second switch S2, the fourth switch S4, and the fifth switch S5 are controlled to be closed, the other switches are all disconnected, and the circuit is connected in the form of an adder, which is a battery current channel. Provide drive capabilities.
- the embodiment of the present invention also correspondingly proposes a battery power metering method, as shown in FIG. 4, the method includes:
- Step 41 Obtain at least one of the following battery parameters: battery voltage, battery current, and battery temperature;
- Step 42 Calculate battery power information according to the acquired battery parameters and a preset algorithm.
- Step 43 Control battery parameter acquisition according to a preset control algorithm, and the battery parameter and/or battery power information.
- the obtaining at least one of the following battery parameters: battery voltage, battery current, and battery temperature includes:
- Step 51 Collect at least one of the following analog signals: battery voltage, battery current, and battery temperature;
- Step 52 Convert the analog signal collected by the analog signal acquisition unit into a digital signal
- Step 53 Calibrate and store the digital signal.
- the circuit for collecting an analog signal includes:
- the first switch is connected in parallel with the second resistor, and the two ends are respectively connected to the inverting input end and the output end of the operational amplifier;
- sampling resistor One end of the sampling resistor is connected to the negative pole of the battery, and the other end is grounded;
- the fourth switch is connected to the negative pole of the battery at one end and the first resistor is connected to the other end;
- the two ends of the second switch are respectively connected to the other end of the first resistor and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier;
- One end of the third switch is connected between the fourth switch and the first resistor, and the other end is grounded;
- the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor are connected in series between the positive electrode of the battery and the ground;
- the fifth switch, the sixth switch, the seventh switch and the eighth switch respectively have one end connected to the forward input end of the operational amplifier, the other end of the fifth switch is connected to the current channel reference voltage, and the other end of the sixth switch is connected to the first point Between the second voltage dividing resistor of the voltage resistor, the other end of the seventh switch is connected The temperature channel voltage, the other end of the eighth switch is connected to the calibration channel reference voltage.
- controlling the battery parameter acquisition according to the preset control algorithm and the battery parameter and/or the battery power information includes:
- the first switch and the sixth switch when it is determined that the battery voltage sampling is required, the first switch and the sixth switch are closed, the other switches are all disconnected, and the circuit is connected into a unity gain amplifier form.
- the first switch and the seventh switch are controlled to be closed, the other switches are all disconnected, and the circuit is connected into a unity gain amplifier form.
- the second switch, the fourth switch, and the fifth switch are controlled to be closed, and other switches are disconnected, and the circuit is connected.
- An adder form that provides drive capability for the battery current path.
- lithium ion batteries and lithium polymer batteries are the two most widely used lithium batteries, which have the characteristics of high energy density and require precise charge and discharge control to prevent battery damage and achieve optimal working conditions.
- the solution described in the embodiment can be applied to a lithium battery.
- lithium-ion batteries and lithium polymer batteries are widely used in electronic devices, accurate measurement of the remaining power can enable users to obtain the best experience.
- the lithium battery is measured by electricity. Description.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an implementation of a lithium battery fuel gauge system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- a battery parameter acquisition module is implemented by an IC circuit
- a control module is implemented by a microprocessor.
- the system also includes a user interface configured to present battery power information to the user and to receive user operational information.
- the IC circuit is monitored by detecting the voltage drop across the precision resistor in series with the lithium battery.
- the battery charge and discharge current is measured, and the voltage at both ends of the battery and the battery temperature are simultaneously detected.
- the microprocessor reads the hardware data and completes the calculation and calibration of the battery power.
- the lithium battery fuel gauge system can provide the lithium battery charge and discharge status. , life time, remaining power, battery voltage, battery temperature and other information.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the control mode of the operation mode of the fuel gauge system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the fuel gauge system in the power on reset (POR) phase, the fuel gauge system is initialized and enters the off mode (off mode). ), waiting for the start command.
- the digital register is reset and enters normal mode. If it is the first time to start, perform a calibration in normal mode first. After the calibration is completed, the normal battery information conversion will be automatically performed.
- the fuel gauge system may choose to enter a sleep mode to reduce power consumption.
- the IC circuit portion of the fuel gauge system is shown in FIG. 3.
- the IC circuit mainly implements voltage amplification, common mode level improvement, and offset calibration, and provides sufficient driving capability for each channel.
- the sampling process of the battery information is the same.
- S1, S6 are closed, S2-S5, S7-S8 are disconnected, and the circuit is connected in the form of a unity gain amplifier to provide driving capability for the battery voltage channel.
- S1, S7 are closed, S2-S6, S8 are disconnected, and the circuit is connected in the form of a unity gain amplifier to provide driving capability for the battery temperature channel.
- the analog signal acquisition unit can measure both the positive voltage and the negative voltage value, see Figure 8.
- the power metering system controls the analog signal acquisition unit during the initialization phase.
- the battery voltage, the charge and discharge current, and the battery temperature are sequentially sampled as initial values of State Of Charge (SOC) for subsequent calculation.
- SOC State Of Charge
- Determine whether the battery is operating in a safe area by comparing the current voltage value of the battery. If the current voltage of the battery is higher than the upper limit voltage (for example, 4.35V) or lower than the lower limit voltage (for example, 3.25V), the subsequent operation is terminated and reported to the operating system. If it is in normal working condition, it enters the normal SOC calculation process. First, the calculation cycle is judged, and whether the judgment condition is satisfied depends on the system working state.
- the upper limit voltage for example, 4.35V
- the lower limit voltage for example, 3.25V
- the embodiment of the invention discloses a battery fuel gauge system and method, the system includes: a battery parameter acquisition module and a control module; wherein the battery parameter acquisition module is configured to acquire at least one of the following battery parameters: battery voltage, battery a current and a battery temperature; the control module configured to calculate battery power information according to a battery parameter acquired by the battery parameter acquisition module, and a preset algorithm; and according to a preset control algorithm, and the battery parameter and/or battery power The information is controlled by the battery parameter acquisition module; thus, the embodiment of the invention obtains the battery power according to one or more of the battery voltage, the battery current and the battery temperature, thereby accurately obtaining the remaining battery power and improving the user experience. degree.
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Abstract
一种电池电量计量系统及方法，该系统包括：电池参数获取模块（11）和控制模块（12）；其中，所述电池参数获取模块（11），配置为获取以下至少一种电池参数：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度；所述控制模块（12），配置为根据电池参数获取模块（11）获取的电池参数，以及预设的算法计算电池电量信息；以及根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息对所述电池参数获取模块（11）进行控制。
Description
本发明涉及电池电量计量技术，尤其涉及一种电池电量计量系统及方法。
对于电子设备而言，电池电量指示的准确性变得越来越重要，消费者需要精确的了解到电子产品还能正常工作多长时间，而简单的三段式电量指示准确度较低，已远远不能满足用户的需求。
发明内容
有鉴于此，为解决现有存在的技术问题，本发明实施例提供如下的技术方案：
第一方面，本发明实施例提供一种电池电量计量系统，包括：电池参数获取模块和控制模块；其中，
所述电池参数获取模块，配置为获取以下至少一种电池参数：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度；
所述控制模块，配置为根据电池参数获取模块获取的电池参数，以及预设的算法计算电池电量信息；以及根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息对所述电池参数获取模块进行控制。
在本发明的一具体实施例中，所述电池参数获取模块包括：模拟信号采集单元、模数转换单元和数字逻辑执行单元；其中，
所述模拟信号采集单元，配置为采集以下至少一种模拟信号：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度；
所述模数转换单元，配置为将所述模拟信号采集单元采集的模拟信号转换为数字信号；
所述数字逻辑执行单元，配置为对所述数字信号进行校准并存储；以及根据控制模块的控制命令对模拟信号采集单元的硬件电路进行控制。
在本发明的一具体实施例中，所述模拟信号采集单元包括：第一开关、第二开关、第三开关、第四开关、第五开关、第六开关、第七开关、第八开关、第一分压电阻、第二分压电阻、采样电阻、第一电阻、第二电阻和运算放大器；其中，
第一开关与第二电阻并联，且两端分别连接运算放大器的反相输入端和输出端；
采样电阻一端连接电池负极，另一端接地；
第四开关一端连接电池负极，另一端连接第一电阻；
第二开关的两端分别连接第一电阻的另一端和运算放大器的反相输入端；
第三开关的一端连接于第四开关和第一电阻之间，另一端接地；
第一分压电阻和第二分压电阻串联连接于电池正极和地之间；
第五开关、第六开关、第七开关和第八开关分别有一端连接运算放大器的正向输入端，第五开关的另一端连接电流通道参考电压，第六开关的另一端连接于第一分压电阻的第二分压电阻之间，第七开关的另一端连接温度通道电压，第八开关的另一端连接校准通道参考电压。
在本发明的一具体实施例中，数字逻辑执行单元，具体配置为：
根据控制模块的控制命令，确定需要进行电池电压采样时，控制第一开关、第六开关闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成单位增益放大器形式，为电池电压通道提供驱动能力；
根据控制模块的控制命令，确定需要进行电池温度采样时，控制第一
开关、第七开关闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成单位增益放大器形式，为电池温度通道提供驱动能力；
根据控制模块的控制命令，确定需要进行电池电流采样时，控制第二开关、第四开关、第五开关闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成加法器形式，为电池电流通道提供驱动能力。
第二方面，本发明实施例还提供一种电池电量计量方法，包括：
获取以下至少一种电池参数：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度；
根据所述获取的电池参数，以及预设的算法计算电池电量信息；
根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息对电池参数获取进行控制。
在本发明的一具体实施例中，所述获取以下至少一种电池参数：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度，包括：
采集以下至少一种模拟信号：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度；
将所述模拟信号采集单元采集的模拟信号转换为数字信号；
对所述数字信号进行校准并存储。
在本发明的一具体实施例中，采集模拟信号的电路包括：
第一开关、第二开关、第三开关、第四开关、第五开关、第六开关、第七开关、第八开关、第一分压电阻、第二分压电阻、采样电阻、第一电阻、第二电阻和运算放大器；其中，
第一开关与第二电阻并联，且两端分别连接运算放大器的反相输入端和输出端；
采样电阻一端连接电池负极，另一端接地；
第四开关一端连接电池负极，另一端连接第一电阻；
第二开关的两端分别连接第一电阻的另一端和运算放大器的反相输入端；
第三开关的一端连接于第四开关和第一电阻之间，另一端接地；
第一分压电阻和第二分压电阻串联连接于电池正极和地之间；
第五开关、第六开关、第七开关和第八开关分别有一端连接运算放大器的正向输入端，第五开关的另一端连接电流通道参考电压，第六开关的另一端连接于第一分压电阻的第二分压电阻之间，第七开关的另一端连接温度通道电压，第八开关的另一端连接校准通道参考电压。
在本发明的一具体实施例中，所述根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息对电池参数获取进行控制，包括：
根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息，确定需要进行电池电压采样时，控制第一开关、第六开关闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成单位增益放大器形式，为电池电压通道提供驱动能力；
根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息，确定需要进行电池温度采样时，控制第一开关、第七开关闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成单位增益放大器形式，为电池温度通道提供驱动能力；
根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息，确定需要进行电池电流采样时，控制第二开关、第四开关、第五开关闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成加法器形式，为电池电流通道提供驱动能力。
本发明实施例所述的电池电量计量系统及方法，该系统包括：电池参数获取模块和控制模块；其中，所述电池参数获取模块，配置为获取以下至少一种电池参数：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度；所述控制模块，配置为根据电池参数获取模块获取的电池参数，以及预设的算法计算电池电量信息；以及根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息对所述电池参数获取模块进行控制。本发明实施例根据电池电压、电池电流和电池温度中的一种或多种获取电池电量，从而能够准确获取电池的剩余电量，提高了用户体验度。
图1为本发明实施例一种电池电量计量系统结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例一电池参数获取模块的详细结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例一模拟信号采集单元详细结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例一种电池电量计量方法流程示意图；
图5为本发明实施例一种获取电池参数的流程示意图；
图6为本发明实施例1中锂电池电量计量系统的实现框图；
图7为本发明实施例1中电量计量系统的工作模式控制状态示意图；
图8为本发明实施例1中电量计量系统在采样电池电流时的buffer连接方式；
图9为本发明实施例1一种电量计量流程示意图。
通常条件下，电量计量系统不间断的检测电池的剩余电量和工作状态，并将计量结果上报。精确的电量计量需要考虑到电池电压、充放电电流速率、电池温度、自放电率和电池使用时间等多种因素。电量计可以工作在电池侧也可以工作在系统侧。
基于上述考虑，为了精确监控电池的剩余电量和工作状态，本发明实施例提供了一种电池电量计量系统，如图1所示，该系统包括：电池参数获取模块11和控制模块12；其中，
所述电池参数获取模块11，配置为获取以下至少一种电池参数：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度；
所述控制模块12，配置为根据电池参数获取模块11获取的电池参数，以及预设的算法计算电池电量信息；以及根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息对所述电池参数获取模块进行控制。
一具体实施例中，如图2所示，所述电池参数获取模块11包括：模拟
信号采集单元111、模数转换单元112和数字逻辑执行单元113；其中，
所述模拟信号采集单元111，配置为采集以下至少一种模拟信号：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度；
所述模数转换单元112，配置为将所述模拟信号采集单元采集的模拟信号转换为数字信号；
所述数字逻辑执行单元113，配置为对所述数字信号进行校准并存储；以及根据控制模块的控制命令对模拟信号采集单元111的硬件电路进行控制。具体的，数字逻辑执行单元产生硬件电路的控制信号和校准(offset)信号，计算校准后的电池电压、电流和温度，并完成用户寄存器(User Register)的存储和读取。
需要说明的是，控制模块可以根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息，调整电量计硬件电路的工作状态(如关闭模式、正常模式、休眠模式等)。
一具体实施例中，如图3所示，所述模拟信号采集单元111包括：第一开关S1、第二开关S2、第三开关S3、第四开关S4、第五开关S5、第六开关S6、第七开关S7、第八开关S8、第一分压电阻RFB1、第二分压电阻RFB2、采样电阻Rsense、第一电阻R1、第二电阻R2和运算放大器AMP；其中，
第一开关S1与第二电阻R2并联，且两端分别连接运算放大器AMP的反相输入端和输出端；
采样电阻Rsense一端连接电池负极，另一端接地；
第四开关S4一端连接电池负极，另一端连接第一电阻R1；
第二开关S2的两端分别连接第一电阻R1的另一端和运算放大器AMP的反相输入端；
第三开关S3的一端连接于第四开关S4和第一电阻R1之间，另一端接
地；
第一分压电阻RFB1和第二分压电阻RFB2串联连接于电池正极和地之间；
第五开关S5、第六开关S6、第七开关S7和第八开关S8分别有一端连接运算放大器AMP的正向输入端，第五开关S5的另一端连接电流通道参考电压Vcurr_ref，第六开关S6的另一端连接于第一分压电阻RFB1的第二分压电阻RFB2之间，第七开关S7的另一端连接温度通道电压Vtemp，第八开关S8的另一端连接校准通道参考电压Vofst_ref。
需要说明的是，该系统还可包括外置的抗混叠滤波器，分别连接与电池的正极、负极、和NTC/ID端口(位于与电池串联的精密电阻上)，对应于电池电压通道、电池电流通道、电池温度通道，滤除高频噪声和干扰。
一具体实施例中，数字逻辑执行单元113具体配置为：
根据控制模块12的控制命令，确定需要进行电池电压采样时，控制第一开关S1、第六开关S6闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成单位增益放大器形式，为电池电压通道提供驱动能力；
根据控制模块12的控制命令，确定需要进行电池温度采样时，控制第一开关S1、第七开关S7闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成单位增益放大器形式，为电池温度通道提供驱动能力；
根据控制模块12的控制命令，确定需要进行电池电流采样时，控制第二开关S2、第四开关S4、第五开关S5闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成加法器形式，为电池电流通道提供驱动能力。
本发明实施例还相应地提出而了一种电池电量计量方法，如图4所示，该方法包括：
步骤41：获取以下至少一种电池参数：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度；
步骤42：根据所述获取的电池参数，以及预设的算法计算电池电量信息；
步骤43：根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息对电池参数获取进行控制。
一具体实施例中，如图5所示，所述获取以下至少一种电池参数：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度，包括：
步骤51：采集以下至少一种模拟信号：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度；
步骤52：将所述模拟信号采集单元采集的模拟信号转换为数字信号；
步骤53：对所述数字信号进行校准并存储。
一具体实施例中，参考图3，采集模拟信号的电路包括：
第一开关、第二开关、第三开关、第四开关、第五开关、第六开关、第七开关、第八开关、第一分压电阻、第二分压电阻、采样电阻、第一电阻、第二电阻和运算放大器；其中，
第一开关与第二电阻并联，且两端分别连接运算放大器的反相输入端和输出端；
采样电阻一端连接电池负极，另一端接地；
第四开关一端连接电池负极，另一端连接第一电阻；
第二开关的两端分别连接第一电阻的另一端和运算放大器的反相输入端；
第三开关的一端连接于第四开关和第一电阻之间，另一端接地；
第一分压电阻和第二分压电阻串联连接于电池正极和地之间；
第五开关、第六开关、第七开关和第八开关分别有一端连接运算放大器的正向输入端，第五开关的另一端连接电流通道参考电压，第六开关的另一端连接于第一分压电阻的第二分压电阻之间，第七开关的另一端连接
温度通道电压，第八开关的另一端连接校准通道参考电压。
一具体实施例中，所述根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息对电池参数获取进行控制，包括：
根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息，确定需要进行电池电压采样时，控制第一开关、第六开关闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成单位增益放大器形式，为电池电压通道提供驱动能力；
根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息，确定需要进行电池温度采样时，控制第一开关、第七开关闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成单位增益放大器形式，为电池温度通道提供驱动能力；
根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息，确定需要进行电池电流采样时，控制第二开关、第四开关、第五开关闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成加法器形式，为电池电流通道提供驱动能力。
需要说明的是，锂离子电池和锂聚合物电池是最广泛应用的两种锂电池，拥有高能量密度的特点，需要精确的充放电控制，以防止电池损害并达到最佳工作状态，本发明实施例所述的方案即可应用于锂电池。
下面通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
因为锂离子电池和锂聚合物电池被广泛的应用于电子设备中，对其剩余电量进行精确计量，可使用户获得最佳的体验效果，本实施例即以对锂电池进行电量计量为例进行说明。
图6所示为本发明实施例1中锂电池电量计量系统的实现框图，如图6所示，本实施例中，电池参数获取模块由IC电路实现，控制模块由微处理器实现，另外，该系统还包括用户界面，配置为向用户展示电池电量信息，以及接收用户操作信息。
图6中，IC电路部分通过检测与锂电池串联的精密电阻上的压降以监
测电池的充放电电流，并同时检测电池两端的电压和电池温度等信息，微处理器读取硬件数据，并完成电池电量的计算和校准，该锂电池电量计量系统可提供锂电池充放电状态、续航时间、剩余电量、电池电压、电池温度等信息。
图7所示为本发明实施例1中电量计量系统的工作模式控制状态示意图，如图7所示，在通电复位(Power on Reset，POR)阶段，电量计量系统初始化，进入关闭模式(off mode)，等待启动命令。当接收到启动命令后，复位数字寄存器，并进入到启动(normal mode)。如果是首次启动，在normal mode中先执行一次校准，待校准完成后，再自动进行正常的电池信息转换。当电池的放电电流小于预设值并持续预设时间后，电量计量系统可以选择进入休眠模式(sleep mode)，以降低功率消耗。
本实施例中，电量计量系统的IC电路部分如图3所示，该IC电路主要实现电压放大、共模电平的提升、和offset校准功能，并为各个通道提供足够的驱动能力。在normal mode或者sleep mode下，电池信息的采样过程相同。电池电压采样时：S1、S6闭合，S2-S5，S7-S8断开，电路连接成单位增益放大器形式，为电池电压通道提供驱动能力。电池温度采样时：S1、S7闭合，S2-S6，S8断开，电路连接成单位增益放大器形式，为电池温度通道提供驱动能力。电池电流采样时：S2、S4、S5闭合，S1、S3、S6-S8断开，电路连接成加法器形式，为电池电流通道提供驱动能力，同时将采样电阻两端的压降进行放大和电平提升，使信号放大到模数转换器的输入范围内。
在采样电池电流时，只要保证设置vref大于Rsense两端压降的最大值，模拟信号采集单元既可以测量到正电压也可以采样到负电压值，参见图8。
本实施例中，电量计量系统在初始化阶段，会控制模拟信号采集单元
依次采样电池电压、充放电电流和电池温度作为充电状态(State Of Charge，SOC)初始值，以便进行后续计算。通过对于电池当前电压值的比较，判断电池是否工作在安全区域。如果电池当前电压高于上限电压(例如4.35V)或者低于下限电压(例如3.25V)，则终止后续操作，并上报操作系统。如果处于正常工作状态，则进入正常的SOC计算过程。先进行计算周期判断，是否满足判断条件取决于系统工作状态。如果不满足，则等待，如果满足，则再一次读取电池温度，以确定是否需要更新电池参数列表。结合电量计量系统的前状态和现状态，决定电池电量的具体计算方式，并更新SOC和放电深度(DOD)的计算结果。如果DOD已经大于85％，则更新电池循环次数结果，记录电池老化程度。最后更新电池当前工作状态，产生硬件电路的控制信号，生成下周期计算时间。下周期电量计算过程将重复以上过程。基于上述描述，本实施例一种电量计量流程参见图9。
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。
本发明实施例公开了一种电池电量计量系统及方法，该系统包括：电池参数获取模块和控制模块；其中，所述电池参数获取模块，配置为获取以下至少一种电池参数：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度；所述控制模块，配置为根据电池参数获取模块获取的电池参数，以及预设的算法计算电池电量信息；以及根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息对所述电池参数获取模块进行控制；如此，本发明实施例根据电池电压、电池电流和电池温度中的一种或多种获取电池电量，从而能够准确获取电池的剩余电量，提高了用户体验度。
Claims (8)
- 一种电池电量计量系统，该系统包括：电池参数获取模块和控制模块；其中，所述电池参数获取模块，配置为获取以下至少一种电池参数：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度；所述控制模块，配置为根据电池参数获取模块获取的电池参数，以及预设的算法计算电池电量信息；以及根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息对所述电池参数获取模块进行控制。
- 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述电池参数获取模块包括：模拟信号采集单元、模数转换单元和数字逻辑执行单元；其中，所述模拟信号采集单元，配置为采集以下至少一种模拟信号：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度；所述模数转换单元，配置为将所述模拟信号采集单元采集的模拟信号转换为数字信号；所述数字逻辑执行单元，配置为对所述数字信号进行校准并存储；以及根据控制模块的控制命令对模拟信号采集单元的硬件电路进行控制。
- 根据权利要求2所述的系统，所述模拟信号采集单元包括：第一开关、第二开关、第三开关、第四开关、第五开关、第六开关、第七开关、第八开关、第一分压电阻、第二分压电阻、采样电阻、第一电阻、第二电阻和运算放大器；其中，第一开关与第二电阻并联，且两端分别连接运算放大器的反相输入端和输出端；采样电阻一端连接电池负极，另一端接地；第四开关一端连接电池负极，另一端连接第一电阻；第二开关的两端分别连接第一电阻的另一端和运算放大器的反相输入端；第三开关的一端连接于第四开关和第一电阻之间，另一端接地；第一分压电阻和第二分压电阻串联连接于电池正极和地之间；第五开关、第六开关、第七开关和第八开关分别有一端连接运算放大器的正向输入端，第五开关的另一端连接电流通道参考电压，第六开关的另一端连接于第一分压电阻的第二分压电阻之间，第七开关的另一端连接温度通道电压，第八开关的另一端连接校准通道参考电压。
- 根据权利要求3所述的系统，其中，数字逻辑执行单元具体配置为：根据控制模块的控制命令，确定需要进行电池电压采样时，控制第一开关、第六开关闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成单位增益放大器形式，为电池电压通道提供驱动能力；根据控制模块的控制命令，确定需要进行电池温度采样时，控制第一开关、第七开关闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成单位增益放大器形式，为电池温度通道提供驱动能力；根据控制模块的控制命令，确定需要进行电池电流采样时，控制第二开关、第四开关、第五开关闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成加法器形式，为电池电流通道提供驱动能力。
- 一种电池电量计量方法，该方法包括：获取以下至少一种电池参数：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度；根据所述获取的电池参数，以及预设的算法计算电池电量信息；根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息对电池参数获取进行控制。
- 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述获取以下至少一种电池 参数：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度，包括：采集以下至少一种模拟信号：电池电压、电池电流和电池温度；将所述模拟信号采集单元采集的模拟信号转换为数字信号；对所述数字信号进行校准并存储。
- 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，采集模拟信号的电路包括：第一开关、第二开关、第三开关、第四开关、第五开关、第六开关、第七开关、第八开关、第一分压电阻、第二分压电阻、采样电阻、第一电阻、第二电阻和运算放大器；其中，第一开关与第二电阻并联，且两端分别连接运算放大器的反相输入端和输出端；采样电阻一端连接电池负极，另一端接地；第四开关一端连接电池负极，另一端连接第一电阻；第二开关的两端分别连接第一电阻的另一端和运算放大器的反相输入端；第三开关的一端连接于第四开关和第一电阻之间，另一端接地；第一分压电阻和第二分压电阻串联连接于电池正极和地之间；第五开关、第六开关、第七开关和第八开关分别有一端连接运算放大器的正向输入端，第五开关的另一端连接电流通道参考电压，第六开关的另一端连接于第一分压电阻的第二分压电阻之间，第七开关的另一端连接温度通道电压，第八开关的另一端连接校准通道参考电压。
- 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息对电池参数获取进行控制，包括：根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息，确定需要进行电池电压采样时，控制第一开关、第六开关闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成单位增益放大器形式，为电池电压通道提供驱动能力；根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息，确定需要进行电池温度采样时，控制第一开关、第七开关闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成单位增益放大器形式，为电池温度通道提供驱动能力；根据预设的控制算法，以及所述电池参数和/或电池电量信息，确定需要进行电池电流采样时，控制第二开关、第四开关、第五开关闭合，其他开关均断开，电路连接成加法器形式，为电池电流通道提供驱动能力。
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