WO2016101038A1 - Machine de déchiquetage améliorée - Google Patents

Machine de déchiquetage améliorée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016101038A1
WO2016101038A1 PCT/AU2015/050839 AU2015050839W WO2016101038A1 WO 2016101038 A1 WO2016101038 A1 WO 2016101038A1 AU 2015050839 W AU2015050839 W AU 2015050839W WO 2016101038 A1 WO2016101038 A1 WO 2016101038A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
logs
chipping
drum
articles
conveyor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2015/050839
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Richard Lea SULMAN
Original Assignee
Bionic Beaver Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2014905228A external-priority patent/AU2014905228A0/en
Application filed by Bionic Beaver Pty Ltd filed Critical Bionic Beaver Pty Ltd
Publication of WO2016101038A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016101038A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G23/00—Forestry
    • A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
    • A01G23/095—Delimbers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/144—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with axially elongated knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
    • B02C18/2225—Feed means
    • B02C18/2241—Feed means of conveyor belt type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
    • B02C18/2225—Feed means
    • B02C18/2258—Feed means of screw type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
    • B02C18/2225—Feed means
    • B02C18/2283—Feed means using rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/002—Transporting devices for wood or chips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
    • B27L11/005—Tools therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates an improved chipping machine.
  • the invention particularly relates, but is not limited to, static drum chippers, for chipping trees op cut-to-length logs.
  • NB The following discussion is by way of background information only, and is not to be considered a statement of the common general knowledge (CGK) in the area of technology.
  • disc chippers provide superior control over their cutting geometry; and more importantly, their ability to maintain a consistent cutting angle throughout each cut; their aperture is limited in length to less than half the disc radius;, whereas, with a drum chipper, the aperture can be as long as the drum itself. This gives drum chippers an advantage over the types and volume of material they can process.
  • disc chippers have the advantage of controlling optimum cutting angles for maximising energy efficiency versus chip quality; while drum chippers provide more opportunity for higher chipping productivity.
  • disc chippers there is a trade-off between low chipping energy and high quality chips at the expense of volume.
  • a key criticism of drum chippers is the higher range of cutting angles between the start of the cut and the final stage of cut, as the knife-edge approaches the counter knife, or anvil. This issue is exacerbated in drum chippers when multiple layers of stems are vertically dropped or horizontally fed simultaneously to the drum chipper. While the aperture may be of a size that enables multiple layers of stems to be chipped simultaneously, there is a serious penalty in both energy efficiency and chip quality. This results in higher processing costs, while lowering the economic value of the wood chips.
  • Chips are formed due to a compression force of the leading knife face against the wood.
  • compression stress occurs parallel to the fibre (wood grain) orientation. This compression force, and the wood's resistance to longitudinal splitting into individual chips, determines the chip thickness to chip length ratio produced; as well as the relative degree of generation of pin chips and fines.
  • the compression force is produced by the chipper's Lambda angle ( ⁇ ) and has a significant impact on chip quality.
  • the ⁇ angle can only be controlled by physical adjustment of either the spout angle ( ⁇ ), clearance angle (a) or the knife sharpness angle ( ⁇ ). Once these three angles are determined and fixed, the disc chipper will maintain the ⁇ angle consistently.
  • the ⁇ angle is not only dramatically lower than desired, it is often starting at a negative angle (see FIG.2), resulting in detrimental outcomes, such as, significantly higher energy consumption per volume chipped (specific energy); plastic deformation causing damage to the wood fibres; and-or a wide distribution of chip size uniformity; all contributing to lowering the economic value of the chips produced.
  • Disc chippers are constructed with a large disc, and have a relatively small aperture compared to drum chippers.
  • Productivity is a key factor in reducing commercial cost; therefore, the need for a chipping means to have a sufficiently large aperture to process multiple tree stems simultaneously in single file is critical.
  • a drum chipping means orientated parallel to the direction of travel is the preferred chipping means for drum chippers.
  • the present invention resides in a chipping machine including:
  • a chipping drum having a plurality of chipping knives, rotating about a substantially horizontal axis of rotation
  • At least one pair of nip rollers operable to feed logs, or other articles to be chipped, into, and preferably along, the chipping drum in single file in a substantially horizontal plane, with the longitudinal axes of the logs or other articles substantially transverse to the axis of rotation of the chipping drum;
  • conveyor means to transfer the logs or other articles from a source in single file to the pair of nip rollers.
  • the conveyor means includes:
  • a transfer conveyor which sequentially draws the logs or other articles from the source and advances the logs or other articles with their longitudinal axes substantially horizontal and substantially transverse to the axis of rotation of the chipping drum;
  • a feed conveyor which receives the logs or other articles from the transfer conveyor and advances the logs or other articles towards, and along, the chipping drum in a substantially horizontal plane.
  • the transfer conveyor has a plurality of spaced, parallel, chain conveyors;
  • each chain conveyor has a continuous chain with log-engaging fingers at substantially equally spacing's.
  • the feed conveyor has a plurality of augers or spirals rotating about spaced, parallel, substantially horizontal axes.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate the relative geometry between the cutting edges of the chipping drum knives to the anvil and the tree stems / logs being chipped;
  • FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a typical static drum chipper
  • FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a drum chipper in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a top plan view thereof, illustrating the path of the stems / logs as they are fed to the drum chipper;
  • FIG. 6 is a side elevation view thereof
  • FIG. 7 is an end elevation view thereof
  • FIGS. 8 to 1 1 are similar view of a second embodiment
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic end view illustrating the alternative methods for feeding multiple logs (i.e. 8) to the drum chipper in double- or single file;
  • FIGS. 13 to 15 illustrate the relative geometry between the cutting edges of the chipping drum knives to the logs (and anvil) when the logs are fed in double file
  • FIGS. 16 to 18 show similar views when the logs are fed in single file.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 have been hereinbefore described in the PRIOTART.
  • FIG. 3 is an isometric view showing a static drum chipper SDC, with a chipping drum CD, having a drum shaft DS rotating about a substantially horizontal axis; the chipping drum CD having a plurality of chipper knives CK, with cutter edges KE, which co-operate with a chipper anvil CA to chip logs L, fed substantially horizontally to the chipping drum CD in a direction substantially transversely to the axis of rotation.
  • the logs L are fed, in double file, through an aperture A and are advanced towards the chipping drum CD by a pair of oppositely-rotating nip rollers NR.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention provides a static drum chipper 10 with a chipping drum 20 having a shaft 21 rotatable about a substantially horizontal axis of rotation 22 and operably connected to a drive motor (not shown).
  • the chipping drum 20 has a plurality of elongate knives 23, with cutting edges 24, provided at spaced intervals about the chipping drum 20.
  • the knives 23 extend along the chipping drum 20 and co-operate with an adjustable anvil 25.
  • a pair of oppositely-rotating nip rollers 26 feed the logs L to the chipping drum 20, as will be hereinafter described.
  • the logs L are drawn from a pile by a transfer conveyor 30 which has a plurality of spaced continuous chain conveyors 31 , with log engaging fingers 32 at regular intervals.
  • the chain conveyors 31 have a substantially horizontal first section 33 and an upwardly inclined second section 34.
  • the chain conveyors 31 pass around suitable head-, tail- and idler sprockets, not shown, provided on shafts (not shown) rotatably journalled on a transfer conveyor support assembly, also not shown.
  • the transfer conveyor 30 advances the logs L in single file, and equally -spaced intervals, to the feed conveyor 40, upstream of the pair of nip rollers 26.
  • the feed conveyor 40 has a plurality of equally spaced augers or spirals 41 about hubs 42, arranged to rotate at the same rotational speed about spaced, parallel, axes of rotation, which are parallel to the axis of rotation of the chipping drum 20 (and of the nip rollers 26).
  • the hubs 42 are mounted on shafts (nut shown) journalled on a feed conveyor support assembly, not shown.
  • each conical auger 152 in a transitional feeding zone 150, the nip rollers 126 are provided with respective conical augers 152, each conical auger 152 being mounted immediately upstream of its respective nip roller 126.
  • Each conical auger 152 has a divergent conical body 153 around which is provided a spiral or helix 154.
  • Each conical auger 152 may be driven by a hydraulic motor (not shown) enclosed in a shroud at the distal end of the conical auger 152; or via a drive from the adjacent nip roller 126.
  • the conical augers 152 will assist the nip rollers 126 in feeding the logs L to the chipping drum 120 in orderly, spaced, single file.
  • multiple logs L - in this example, 8 Logs L - may be fed to the static drum chipper SDC.
  • the logs L are advanced to the chipping drum CD in a "packet" with a length L1 and a width W1 .
  • the compression force on the logs L is produced by the chipper's knife's Lambda angle ( ⁇ ), where the ⁇ angle is the complementary angle to the angle of the log and the cutting surface of the knife.
  • ⁇ 90° - ( ⁇ + ⁇ + ⁇ ), where a is the clearance angle, ⁇ is the knife sharpness angle and ⁇ is the spout angle (see FIGS.1 and 2).
  • the knives CK may strike the uppermost log L at an angle of approximately, or even greater than, 90°; and with a negative ⁇ angle. This means that the cutting edges KE of the knives CK will move in a path substantially transverse to, or even inclined against, the travel of the logs L through the chipping drum CD over the anvil CA.
  • the present invention enables the logs L to be fed sequentially, in single file, into, and along, the chipping drum 20, 120 to produce higher quality chips, with reduced fines, while minimizing the fuel consumption / energy input for a given mass of logs chipped.
  • the terms 'comprises', 'comprising', 'includes', 'including', or similar terms are intended to mean a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a method, system or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include those elements solely, but may well include other elements not listed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine de déchiquetage et une déchiqueteuse à tambour statique. La machine de déchiquetage comprend un tambour de déchiquetage pourvu d'une pluralité de couteaux de déchiquetage tournant autour d'un axe de rotation sensiblement horizontal. Une paire de rouleaux pinceurs est utilisée pour faire avancer des grumes ou d'autres articles devant être déchiquetés, dans le (de préférence le long du) tambour de déchiquetage, sur une seule file dans un plan horizontal, les axes longitudinaux des grumes ou des autres articles étant sensiblement transversaux à l'axe de rotation du tambour de déchiquetage. Des moyens convoyeurs transfèrent les grumes ou d'autres articles depuis une source, sur une seule file, jusqu'aux rouleaux pinceurs.
PCT/AU2015/050839 2014-12-23 2015-12-23 Machine de déchiquetage améliorée WO2016101038A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2014905228 2014-12-23
AU2014905228A AU2014905228A0 (en) 2014-12-23 Improved Chipping Machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016101038A1 true WO2016101038A1 (fr) 2016-06-30

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ID=56148798

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU2015/050839 WO2016101038A1 (fr) 2014-12-23 2015-12-23 Machine de déchiquetage améliorée

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2016101038A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO20171359A1 (en) * 2017-08-16 2019-02-18 Arbaflame Tech As Method and apparatus for production of cellulose based fuel pellets.

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3651845A (en) * 1970-05-25 1972-03-28 Robert L Propst Method and apparatus for converting trees into wood chips
JPH10264115A (ja) * 1997-03-27 1998-10-06 Rinyacho Shinrin Sogo Kenkyusho 間伐材丸太を原料としたチップ製造装置
US20080272215A1 (en) * 2007-05-04 2008-11-06 Bouwers John T B Brush Chipper with Improved Feed Rollers
WO2010129986A1 (fr) * 2009-05-15 2010-11-18 Future Farm Industries Crc Limited Moissonneuses d'arbre
DE102010051887A1 (de) * 2010-11-22 2012-05-24 Carl Geringhoff Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorsatzgerät zur Ernte von stängeligem Halmgut
US20120255648A1 (en) * 2011-04-08 2012-10-11 Gray David A Log Chipper with Log Jam Clearing Feature

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3651845A (en) * 1970-05-25 1972-03-28 Robert L Propst Method and apparatus for converting trees into wood chips
JPH10264115A (ja) * 1997-03-27 1998-10-06 Rinyacho Shinrin Sogo Kenkyusho 間伐材丸太を原料としたチップ製造装置
US20080272215A1 (en) * 2007-05-04 2008-11-06 Bouwers John T B Brush Chipper with Improved Feed Rollers
WO2010129986A1 (fr) * 2009-05-15 2010-11-18 Future Farm Industries Crc Limited Moissonneuses d'arbre
DE102010051887A1 (de) * 2010-11-22 2012-05-24 Carl Geringhoff Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorsatzgerät zur Ernte von stängeligem Halmgut
US20120255648A1 (en) * 2011-04-08 2012-10-11 Gray David A Log Chipper with Log Jam Clearing Feature

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO20171359A1 (en) * 2017-08-16 2019-02-18 Arbaflame Tech As Method and apparatus for production of cellulose based fuel pellets.
NO345925B1 (en) * 2017-08-16 2021-10-25 Arbaflame Tech As Method and apparatus for production of cellulose based fuel pellets.

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