WO2016098854A1 - Élément de commutation - Google Patents

Élément de commutation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016098854A1
WO2016098854A1 PCT/JP2015/085363 JP2015085363W WO2016098854A1 WO 2016098854 A1 WO2016098854 A1 WO 2016098854A1 JP 2015085363 W JP2015085363 W JP 2015085363W WO 2016098854 A1 WO2016098854 A1 WO 2016098854A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switch element
electrode
melting point
element according
electrodes
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2015/085363
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
吉弘 米田
Original Assignee
デクセリアルズ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by デクセリアルズ株式会社 filed Critical デクセリアルズ株式会社
Priority to CN201580066128.0A priority Critical patent/CN107408474B/zh
Priority to KR1020177014840A priority patent/KR101950623B1/ko
Publication of WO2016098854A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016098854A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
    • H01H85/046—Fuses formed as printed circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/06—Fusible members characterised by the fusible material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member
    • H01H85/10—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member with constriction for localised fusing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member
    • H01H85/11—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member with applied local area of a metal which, on melting, forms a eutectic with the main material of the fusible member, i.e. M-effect devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switch element, and more particularly to a switch element that can be miniaturized and easily incorporated into an element that is operated by surface mounting.
  • An alarm fuse is generally used as a switch element for operating an alarm device.
  • An example of the alarm fuse is shown in FIG. 29.
  • a pair of alarm contacts are connected to the alarm circuit 205 for operating the alarm device and are usually separated from each other.
  • the alarm contacts 201 and 202 actuate the alarm circuit 205 when they come into contact with each other, and are formed of a conductive material having elasticity such as a leaf spring and are arranged close to each other.
  • the alarm circuit 205 operates a buzzer or a lamp, operates an alarm system by driving a thyristor or a relay circuit, and the like.
  • the spring 203 is held in a state of being biased to a position separated from the alarm contact 202 by the fuse wire 204. Then, the spring 203 is elastically restored when the fuse wire 204 is melted and presses the alarm contact 202 to contact the alarm contact 201.
  • the fuse wire 204 holds the spring 203 in an elastically displaced state, and when it is energized according to the detection of various sensors, it fuses by self-heating and opens the spring 203.
  • the spring 203 is elastically displaced by the fuse wire 204, and the alarm contact 202 is physically pressed by fusing the fuse wire 204 to release the stress of the spring 203.
  • a configuration in which the alarm contacts 201 and 202 are short-circuited is used.
  • Such an alarm fuse uses a configuration in which an alarm circuit is operated by physical interlocking of mechanical elements. Therefore, the alarm fuse has a large configuration such as securing the movable range of the alarm contacts 201 and 202 and the spring 203. Therefore, it is difficult to use for a narrowed circuit, and the manufacturing cost is high.
  • the fuse wire 204 is indispensable for short-circuiting the alarm contacts 201 and 202, the alarm circuit cannot be operated unless the current exceeding the rating is continuously supplied and the fuse wire 204 is blown.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a switch element that can be miniaturized and quickly activates a circuit irrespective of the interlocking of physical mechanical elements.
  • the switch element according to the present invention includes the first and second electrodes, the first soluble conductor mounted on the first electrode, and the insulator via the insulator.
  • the first soluble conductor is melted by heat generated by energization of the refractory metal body, the first electrode and the second electrode are connected via the molten conductor, Short circuit.
  • the area of the first soluble conductor has a size greater than or equal to the connection area overlapping the first electrode.
  • this invention has the volume of a molten conductor sufficient for the 1st soluble conductor to aggregate over between 1st, 2nd electrodes, and short-circuits between 1st, 2nd electrodes reliably. be able to.
  • FIG. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing a state before operation of a switch element to which the present invention is applied, where FIG. 1A is a plan view, FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view along AA ′, and FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view along BB ′.
  • FIG. 4D is a cross-sectional view along CC ′.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a state in which the refractory metal body of the switch element generates heat and the first and second electrodes are short-circuited through the melted conductor of the soluble conductor
  • (A) is a plan view
  • ) Is an AA ′ sectional view
  • (C) is a BB ′ sectional view
  • (D) is a CC ′ sectional view
  • 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a state in which the refractory metal body of the switch element is melted, where FIG. 3A is a plan view, FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view along AA ′, and FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view along BB ′.
  • FIG. 4A and 4B are circuit diagrams of the switch element, in which FIG. 4A shows a state before operation, FIG. 4B shows a state where the switch is turned on, and FIG. 4C shows a state where a fuse made of a refractory metal body is blown.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing an alarm circuit.
  • 6A and 6B show a switch element in which a refractory metal body and a first electrode are connected, where FIG. 6A is a plan view, FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view along AA ′, and FIG. 6C is a circuit diagram. .
  • FIG. 6A and 6B show a switch element in which a refractory metal body and a first electrode are connected, where FIG. 6A is a plan view, FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view along AA ′, and FIG. 6C is a circuit diagram. .
  • FIG. 6A and 6B show a switch element in which a refractory
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a switch element in which a cover part electrode is formed on a cover member.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a switch element in which a refractory metal body, first and second electrodes, and a first soluble conductor are superimposed on the surface of an insulating substrate, (A) is a plan view, B) is a cross-sectional view along the line AA ′.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a switch element in which a refractory metal body is formed on the back surface of an insulating substrate and superimposed on the first and second electrodes and the first soluble conductor formed on the surface of the insulating substrate; (A) is a plan view, and (B) is an AA ′ sectional view.
  • FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a state before operation of the switch element in which the second fusible conductor is mounted on the second electrode.
  • FIG. 11 is a view showing a switch element in which the first fusible conductor is mounted in a state of being insulated from the first and second electrodes, (A) is a plan view showing the cover member omitted, and (B). Is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC ′, and (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC ′ showing a state where the first soluble conductor is melted.
  • 12A and 12B are diagrams showing a switch element mounted in a state in which the first fusible conductor is insulated from the first and second electrodes and fixed with an adhesive.
  • FIG. 12A is a plan view
  • FIG. It is CC 'sectional drawing.
  • FIG. 13 shows a state in which the first fusible conductor is insulated from the first electrode and fixed with an adhesive, and the second fusible conductor is insulated from the second electrode and fixed with an adhesive.
  • 2A is a plan view
  • FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC ′.
  • FIG. 14 is a view showing a switch element that includes a first soluble conductor and in which the first and second electrodes and the refractory metal body are adjacent to each other via an insulator, (A) is a plan view, (B) is a cross-sectional view along the line AA ′.
  • FIG. 15 is a plan view showing a refractory metal body.
  • 16A and 16B are views showing a state where the first and second electrodes and the refractory metal body are adjacent to each other via an insulator, where FIG. 16A is a plan view and FIG. 16B is a cross-sectional view along AA ′.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a switch element in which the first and second electrodes and the refractory metal body are adjacent to each other through an insulator, where (A) is before operation, and (B) is the first fusible element. The conductor is melted and the first and second electrodes are short-circuited, and (C) shows the state where the refractory metal body is melted.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a switch element in which the first and second electrodes and the refractory metal body are adjacent to each other through an insulator, where (A) is before operation, and (B) is the first fusible element. The conductor is melted and
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a switch element including first and second fusible conductors, in which the first and second electrodes and the refractory metal body are adjacent to each other via an insulator
  • a plan view, (B) is a cross-sectional view along AA ′.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a switch element that includes first and second fusible conductors and in which the first and second electrodes and the refractory metal body are adjacent to each other via an insulator.
  • (B) shows a state where the first and second soluble conductors are melted and the first and second electrodes are short-circuited
  • (C) shows a state where the refractory metal body is blown out.
  • FIG. 20 is a view showing a switch element in which the first fusible conductor is mounted in a state of being insulated from the first and second electrodes, (A) is a plan view showing the cover member omitted, and (B). Is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′, and (C) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ showing a state where the first soluble conductor is melted.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a switch element mounted in a state in which the first fusible conductor is insulated from the first and second electrodes and fixed with an adhesive, (A) is a plan view, and (B) is a plan view. It is AA 'sectional drawing.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a switch element mounted in a state in which the first fusible conductor is insulated from the first and second electrodes and fixed with an adhesive, (A) is a plan view, and (B) is a plan view. It is AA '
  • FIG. 22 shows a state in which the first soluble conductor is insulated from the first electrode and mounted with an adhesive, and the second soluble conductor is insulated from the second electrode and fixed with an adhesive.
  • 2A is a plan view
  • FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′.
  • FIG. 23 is a perspective view showing a soluble conductor having a high-melting point metal layer and a low-melting point metal layer and having a covering structure.
  • FIG. 23A shows a structure in which the low-melting point metal layer is an inner layer and is covered with a high-melting point metal layer.
  • (B) shows a structure in which a high melting point metal layer is used as an inner layer and is covered with a low melting point metal layer.
  • FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing a soluble conductor having a laminated structure of a high-melting point metal layer and a low-melting point metal layer, where (A) shows a two-layer structure of upper and lower layers, and (B) shows a three-layer structure of an inner layer and an outer layer.
  • FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view showing a soluble conductor having a multilayer structure of a high melting point metal layer and a low melting point metal layer.
  • FIG. 26 is a plan view showing a soluble conductor in which a linear opening is formed on the surface of the refractory metal layer and the low melting point metal layer is exposed.
  • FIG. 26A shows the opening along the longitudinal direction.
  • the formed part (B) has an opening formed in the width direction.
  • FIG. 27 is a plan view showing a soluble conductor in which a circular opening is formed on the surface of the refractory metal layer and the low melting point metal layer is exposed.
  • FIG. 28 is a plan view showing a soluble conductor in which a circular opening is formed in a refractory metal layer and a low melting point metal is filled therein.
  • 29A and 29B are diagrams showing a conventional alarm element, where FIG. 29A is a cross-sectional view before operation, and FIG. 29B is a cross-sectional view after operation.
  • the switch element 1 to which the present invention is applied includes an insulating substrate 10, first and second electrodes 11, 12 formed on the insulating substrate 10 in proximity to each other, The first soluble conductor 13 mounted on the electrode 11 is adjacent to the first electrode 11 on the same plane through the insulating substrate 10 and has a higher melting point than the first soluble conductor 13. And a body 15.
  • FIG. 1A is a plan view showing the switch element 1 excluding the cover member 20 before the first fusible conductor is blown
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′.
  • 1 (C) is a BB ′ sectional view
  • FIG. 1 (D) is a CC ′ sectional view.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are connected to an alarm device 31 including a buzzer, a lamp, an alarm system, or the like, and the first fusible conductor 13 is melted by the heat generated by the refractory metal body 15. By doing so, the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are short-circuited by the molten conductor, and a buzzer, a lamp, an alarm system, or the like as the alarm device 31 is operated.
  • the insulating substrate 10 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape using an insulating member such as alumina, glass ceramics, mullite, zirconia, and the like.
  • the insulating substrate 10 may be made of a material used for a printed wiring board such as a glass epoxy board or a phenol board.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are opened by being arranged close to each other on the surface 10a of the insulating substrate 10 and separated from each other.
  • a first soluble conductor 13 described later is mounted on the first electrode 11.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 generate heat when the refractory metal body 15 is energized, so that the molten conductor 13a of the first soluble conductor 13 is the first and first electrodes as shown in FIG.
  • the two electrodes 11 and 12 are aggregated and coupled to each other to constitute a switch 2 that is short-circuited through the molten conductor 13a.
  • FIG. 2A is a plan view showing the switch element 1 excluding the cover member 20 when the first fusible conductor is blown
  • FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′
  • 2 (C) is a BB ′ sectional view
  • FIG. 2 (D) is a CC ′ sectional view.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be made to easily aggregate the molten conductor 13a of the first soluble conductor 13 by being heated by the refractory metal body 15.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are connected to external connection terminals 11a and 12a provided on the back surface 10f via castellations provided on the side surfaces 10b and 10c of the insulating substrate 10, respectively.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are connected to the alarm device 31 via these external connection terminals 11a and 12a, and the switch element 1 operates to provide a power supply path to the alarm device 31 (see FIG. 5).
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be formed using a general electrode material such as Cu or Ag.
  • a coating such as Ni / Au plating, Ni / Pd plating, or Ni / Pd / Au plating is coated on the surfaces of the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 by a known method such as plating.
  • the switch element 1 can prevent the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 from being oxidized, and can reliably hold the molten conductor of the first soluble conductor 13.
  • the connecting solder 17 for connecting the first soluble conductor 13 or the low melting point metal forming the outer layer of the first soluble conductor 13 is melted to cause the first, It is possible to prevent the second electrodes 11 and 12 from being eroded (soldered).
  • the refractory metal body 15 is a member having conductivity that generates heat when energized, and has a melting point higher than that of the first soluble conductor 13, for example, W, Mo, Ru, Cu, Ag, or these as a main component. Made of alloy or the like.
  • the refractory metal body 15 is formed by mixing powders of these alloys, compositions, or compounds with a resin binder, etc., forming a paste using a screen printing technique, firing, and the like. can do.
  • the refractory metal body 15 is arranged on the surface 10 a of the insulating substrate 10 along with the first and second electrodes 11 and 12. As a result, the refractory metal body 15 is adjacent to the first electrode 11 via the insulating substrate 10, and when heat is generated by energization, heat is transferred via the insulating substrate 10 and is mounted on the first electrode 11. The first soluble conductor 13 can be melted.
  • the refractory metal body 15 is connected to an external connection terminal 15a provided on the back surface 10f through a castellation provided on the side surfaces 10b and 10c of the insulating substrate 10.
  • the refractory metal body 15 is connected to the functional circuit 32 that triggers the operation of the alarm device 31 via the external connection terminal 15a, and generates heat due to an overcurrent accompanying abnormality of the functional circuit 32 (see FIG. 5).
  • the refractory metal body 15 is relatively thin at a position close to the first fusible conductor 13, and a heat generating portion 15b that locally generates heat to a high temperature is formed by current concentration.
  • the heat generating part 15b at a position close to the first soluble conductor 13, the refractory metal body 15 efficiently melts the first soluble conductor 13, and promptly the first and second electrodes 11 are melted. , 12 can be short-circuited.
  • the refractory metal body 15 when the functional circuit 32 is operating normally, the refractory metal body 15 is supplied with an appropriate current within the rating.
  • the refractory metal body 15 generates heat when an overcurrent flows due to an abnormality in the functional circuit 32, and as shown in FIG. 2, the first fusible conductor 13 is melted, and the first, The second electrodes 11 and 12 are short-circuited. After that, the refractory metal body 15 continues to generate heat and is melted by its own Joule heat as shown in FIG. As a result, the refractory metal body 15 is cut off from overcurrent due to an abnormality in the functional circuit 32 and stops generating heat.
  • the refractory metal body 15 functions as a fuse that melts the first soluble conductor 13 and interrupts its own power supply path by self-heating.
  • 3A is a plan view showing the first fusible conductor 13 and the refractory metal body 15 except for the cover member 20 of the switch element 1 at the time of fusing, and FIG. FIG. 3C is a sectional view taken along the line BB ′, and FIG. 3D is a sectional view taken along the line CC ′.
  • the refractory metal body 15 is fused at the heat generating portion 15b by providing the heat generating portion 15b that is locally high in temperature. At this time, since the refractory metal body 15 has the heat generating portion 15b formed relatively thin, arc discharge generated at the time of fusing can be reduced to a small scale, together with a covering effect of the first insulating layer 16 described later. The molten conductor can be prevented from scattering.
  • the refractory metal body 15 uses a refractory metal foil such as a copper foil or a silver foil, or a refractory metal wire such as a copper wire or a silver wire. May be formed.
  • a refractory metal foil such as a copper foil or a silver foil
  • a refractory metal wire such as a copper wire or a silver wire. May be formed.
  • the refractory metal body 15 is configured using a refractory metal foil or a refractory metal wire, the problem of leakage of the molten conductor after the melting of the refractory metal body 15 is less than that of the conductive pattern.
  • a ceramic substrate that is excellent in thermal conductivity and capable of quickly melting the first soluble conductor 13 can be suitably used as the insulating substrate 10.
  • the first and second electrodes 11, 12 and the refractory metal body 15 are covered with the first insulating layer 16 on the surface 10 a of the insulating substrate 10.
  • the first insulating layer 16 is provided to protect and insulate the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 and the refractory metal body 15 and to suppress arc discharge when the refractory metal body 15 is melted.
  • it consists of a glass layer.
  • the first insulating layer 16 covers the heat generating portion 15b of the refractory metal body 15 and is formed on a region excluding the tip portions 11b and 12b of the first and second electrodes 11 and 12. That is, the tip portions 11b and 12b of the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are exposed from the first insulating layer 16, and the molten conductor 13a of the first soluble conductor 13 described later can be aggregated and combined. ing.
  • the first insulating layer 16 has an opening 16 a in a part overlapping with the first electrode 11.
  • the first electrode 11 is provided with connecting solder 17 at the distal end portion 11b and the opening 16a.
  • the connecting solder 17 extends over the first insulating layer 16 between the distal end portion 11b and the opening 16a.
  • the first soluble conductor 13 is supported.
  • the second insulating layer 24 may be formed between the refractory metal body 15 and the insulating substrate 10. Similar to the first insulating layer 16, the second insulating layer 24 is made of glass or the like.
  • the second insulating layer 24 may be partially formed in a region including the center of the heat generating portion 15b.
  • the vicinity of the center of the heat generating portion 15 b is laminated on the second insulating layer 24.
  • the refractory metal body 15 is formed with the heat generating portion 15 b straddling the second insulating layer 24, and the thermal conductivity of the second insulating layer 24 is smaller than that of the insulating substrate 10. It is blocked on the second insulating layer 24 at the time of fusing. Therefore, the refractory metal body 15 can increase the insulation resistance after fusing, and can reliably prevent leakage.
  • the first fusible conductor 13 mounted on the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 via the first insulating layer 16 is made of any metal that is rapidly melted by the heat generated by the refractory metal body 15.
  • low melting point metals such as solder and Pb-free solder containing Sn as a main component can be preferably used.
  • the first soluble conductor 13 may contain a low melting point metal and a high melting point metal.
  • the low melting point metal it is preferable to use solder, Pb-free solder containing Sn as a main component, and as the high melting point metal, it is preferable to use Ag, Cu or an alloy containing these as main components.
  • the 1st soluble conductor 13 can be formed by various structures so that it may demonstrate later.
  • the first fusible conductor 13 is connected to the first electrode 11 by connection solder 17.
  • the area of the first soluble conductor 13 is larger than the connection area overlapping the first electrode 11. That is, the first fusible conductor 13 is connected to the first electrode 11 and has an area equal to or larger than the connection area overlapping the first electrode 11, and preferably extends to the second electrode 12 side. It is supported.
  • the 1st soluble conductor 13 has sufficient volume of the molten conductor 13a to aggregate between each front-end
  • the second electrodes 11 and 12 can be short-circuited.
  • the area of the first fusible conductor 13 is at least twice as large as the connection area with the first electrode 11, which is sufficient for reliably short-circuiting the first and second electrodes 11, 12. It is desirable for securing the amount of the molten conductor 13a.
  • the first soluble conductor 13 is supported by the first insulating layer 16 stacked on the second electrode 12, so that the second It may be superimposed on the electrode 12.
  • the molten conductor 13a aggregates on the tip portions 11b and 12b of the first and second electrodes 11 and 12, The agglomerated molten conductor 13a is bonded, and the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be short-circuited more reliably.
  • the first soluble conductor 13 is preferably coated with a flux 18 in order to prevent oxidation and improve wettability.
  • the switch element 1 as described above has a circuit configuration as shown in FIG. That is, the switch element 1 is opened when the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 are normal (FIG. 4A), and the first soluble conductor 13 is melted by the heat generated by the refractory metal body 15. Then, the switch 2 that is short-circuited through the molten conductor 13a is configured (FIG. 4B).
  • the external connection terminals 11 a and 12 a of the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 constitute both terminals of the switch 2. Then, after the switch 2 is short-circuited, the refractory metal body 15 is melted by self-heating, and the power feeding path is interrupted to stop the heat generation (FIG. 4C).
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of the alarm circuit 30.
  • the alarm circuit 30 is formed of an operation circuit 33 for operating the alarm device 31 by the switch 2 of the switch element 1 and a refractory metal having a melting point higher than that of the first fusible conductor 13. And a control circuit 34 having a functional circuit connected in series to a power source.
  • both external connection terminals 11a and 12a of the switch 2 are connected to an alarm device 31 including a buzzer, a lamp, an alarm system, or the like.
  • both external connection terminals 15 a of the refractory metal body 15 are connected to the functional circuit 32.
  • the switch element 1 having such a configuration generates heat from the refractory metal body 15 formed adjacent to the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 constituting the switch 2 that operates the alarm device 31.
  • the first soluble conductor 13 is melted and short-circuited through the molten conductor. That is, in the switch element 1, the refractory metal body 15 and the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are configured mechanically and electrically independently, and the first and second electrodes are heated by the heat of the refractory metal body 15.
  • the fusible conductors 13 and 14 are short-circuited by melting, so to speak, they are connected in a thermal manner.
  • the switch element 1 is not configured by coupling or coupling of mechanical elements such as a spring or an alarm contact, and can be operated regardless of physical interlocking of the mechanical elements. Therefore, it can be designed compactly and can be mounted even in a narrow mounting area. Further, the switch element 1 can reduce the number of parts and the number of manufacturing steps, and can reduce the cost. Furthermore, the switch element 1 can be mounted on the surface of the insulating substrate 10 by reflow mounting or the like, and can be easily mounted even in a narrowed mounting region.
  • the switching element 1 is provided with the heat generating portion 15b formed thin in the vicinity of the first fusible conductor 13 of the refractory metal body 15, so that the high resistance heat generating portion 15b becomes a high temperature and the first efficient heat generating portion 15b.
  • One soluble conductor 13 can be melted, and the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be quickly short-circuited.
  • the high resistance heat generating portion 15b is only locally heated, and both the external connection terminals 15a facing the side edges are kept at a relatively low temperature due to the heat dissipation effect. Therefore, the switch element 1 does not melt the solder for mounting the external connection terminal 15a.
  • the refractory metal body 15 continues to generate heat after the short circuit between the first and second electrodes 11 and 12, and is blocked by its own Joule heat.
  • the switch element 1 is deenergized by the functional circuit 32 and stops generating heat (FIG. 4C).
  • the switch element 1 can suppress arc discharge and suppress explosive scattering of the molten conductor.
  • the heat generating portion 15b that is thinly formed on the refractory metal body 15, the fusing part is narrowed, and the amount of the molten conductor scattered can be reduced.
  • the molten conductor of the refractory metal body 15 bites into the surface 10a of the insulating substrate 10 and leakage due to continuous molten residue. Can be prevented. Further, by partially forming the second insulating layer 24 in the central region of the heat generating portion 15b, the refractory metal body 15 is blocked on the second insulating layer 24, and can be reliably blocked.
  • the switch element 1 has the refractory metal body 15 having a melting point higher than that of the first soluble conductor 13 to generate heat, so that the first soluble conductor 13 is surely ahead of the refractory metal body 15. And the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be short-circuited. That is, in the switching element 1, the interruption of the refractory metal body 15 is not a requirement for short-circuiting the first and second electrodes 11 and 12. Therefore, the switch element 1 can be used as an alarm switch that notifies that a current exceeding the rating of the refractory metal body 15 has flowed due to an abnormality in the functional circuit 32.
  • the refractory metal body 15 automatically stops generating heat by being cut off by its own Joule heat. Therefore, the switch element 1 does not need to be provided with a mechanism for restricting the power supply by the functional circuit 32, can stop the heat generation of the refractory metal body 15 with a simple configuration, and can reduce the size of the entire element. .
  • the switch element 1 is a connection for connecting the refractory metal body 15 and the first electrode 11 on which the first soluble conductor 13 is mounted.
  • the portion 19 may be formed.
  • the connection portion 19 can be provided by patterning in the same process as the refractory metal body 15 and the first electrode 11 using the same conductive material as that of the refractory metal body 15 and the first electrode 11, for example. .
  • the switch element 1 By connecting the refractory metal body 15 and the first electrode 11, the switch element 1 generates heat through the connection portion 19 and the first electrode 11 when the refractory metal body 15 generates heat when energized. It is transmitted to the soluble conductor 13 and can be melted more rapidly. Therefore, it is preferable to form the connection part 19 with metal materials, such as Ag and Cu, which are excellent in thermal conductivity.
  • a cover member 20 that protects the inside is attached on an insulating substrate 10.
  • the inside of the switch element 1 is protected by covering the insulating substrate 10 with the cover member 20.
  • the cover member 20 includes a side wall 21 that constitutes a side surface of the switch element 1 and a top surface portion 22 that constitutes an upper surface of the switch element 1, and the side wall 21 is connected to the insulating substrate 10. It becomes a lid that closes the inside of the.
  • the cover member 20 is formed using an insulating member such as a thermoplastic, ceramic, glass epoxy substrate, etc., as with the insulating substrate 10.
  • the cover member 20 may have a cover portion electrode 23 formed on the inner surface side of the top surface portion 22.
  • the cover part electrode 23 is formed at a position that overlaps between the tip parts 11 b and 12 b of the first and second electrodes 11 and 12.
  • the cover electrode 23 comes into contact with the molten conductor 13a aggregated on the first and second electrodes 11 and 12. By spreading wet, the allowable amount for holding the molten conductor 13a can be increased, and the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be short-circuited more reliably.
  • the refractory metal body and the first and second electrodes may be superimposed on the surface of the insulating substrate.
  • the same components as those of the above-described switch element 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and the details thereof are omitted.
  • a refractory metal body 15 is formed between edges of the surface 10a of the insulating substrate 10 facing each other on the side surfaces 10d and 10e.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are formed on the edge portions on the side surfaces 10 b and 10 c side of the surface 10 a of the insulating substrate 10 facing each other.
  • the refractory metal body 15 is covered with a first insulating layer 41 at a substantially central portion of the insulating substrate 10. Further, the refractory metal body 15 is connected to an external connection terminal 15a formed on the back surface 10f through a castellation formed on the side surfaces 10d and 10e of the insulating substrate 10. Further, the refractory metal body 15 is formed with a heat generating portion 15b that generates heat at a high temperature by forming an intermediate portion where the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 overlap with each other narrower than both ends.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are connected to external connection terminals 11a and 12a formed on the back surface 10f through castellations formed on the side surfaces 10b and 10c of the insulating substrate 10.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are formed from the edge on the side surfaces 10 b and 10 c to the upper surface of the first insulating layer 41, and the tip portions 11 b and 11 b are formed on the upper surface of the first insulating layer 41. 12b is opened by approaching and separating.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are covered with a second insulating layer 42 except for the tip portions 11b and 12b.
  • an opening 42a is partially formed.
  • the first electrode 11 is provided with connection solder at the tip 11b and the opening 42a, and the first solder 11 is formed on the second insulating layer 42 between the tip 11b and the opening 42a by the connection solder. 1 soluble conductor 13 is supported.
  • the area of the first fusible conductor 13 has a size equal to or larger than the connection area overlapping with the first electrode 11. And it preferably has an area that is twice or more the connection area with the first electrode 11, and more preferably, the first soluble conductor 13 projects to the second electrode 12 side, and the second electrode 2. It is supported by the second insulating layer 42 formed thereon.
  • the switch element 40 has at least a part of the tip portions 11 b and 12 b of the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 and the first soluble conductor 13 overlapped with the heat generating portion 15 b of the refractory metal body 15.
  • a flux 18 is applied on the first soluble conductor 13 to prevent oxidation and improve wettability.
  • an insulating material such as glass can be suitably used, as with the insulating layer 16 of the switch element 1 described above.
  • the switch element 40 since the first and second electrodes 11, 12 and the first soluble conductor 13 are arranged so as to overlap the heat generating portion 15b of the refractory metal body 15, the heat generating portion.
  • the first soluble conductor 13 can be quickly melted by the heat generation of 15b, and the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be short-circuited.
  • the switch element 40 includes the heat generating portion 15b, the first and second electrodes 11, 12 and the first soluble conductor 13 via the first and second insulating layers 41, 42 made of glass or the like. Since these are continuously laminated, the heat of the heat generating portion 15b can be efficiently conducted.
  • the switch element 40 has a volume of the molten conductor 13a sufficient for the first soluble conductor 13 to aggregate between the tip portions 11b and 12b of the first and second electrodes 11 and 12, The first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be reliably short-circuited.
  • a third insulating layer 43 may be formed between the refractory metal body 15 and the insulating substrate 10.
  • the third insulating layer 43 is made of glass or the like, like the first and second insulating layers 41 and 42. At this time, the third insulating layer 43 may be partially formed in a region including the center of the heat generating portion 15b.
  • the vicinity of the center of the heat generating portion 15 b is laminated on the third insulating layer 43.
  • the refractory metal body 15 is formed with the heat generating portion 15b straddling the third insulating layer 43, and is cut off on the third insulating layer 43 at the time of fusing. Therefore, the refractory metal body 15 can increase the insulation resistance after fusing, and can reliably prevent leakage.
  • the switch element to which the present invention is applied has the first and second electrodes formed on the surface of the insulating substrate, and the refractory metal body is formed on the back surface of the insulating substrate.
  • the second electrode may be overlapped.
  • the same components as those of the above-described switch element 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and the details thereof are omitted.
  • the switch element 50 has a refractory metal body 15 formed between edges of the back surface 10 f of the insulating substrate 10 facing each other on the side surfaces 10 d and 10 e facing each other.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are formed at edge portions on the side surfaces 10 b and 10 c facing each other on the surface 10 a of the insulating substrate 10.
  • the refractory metal body 15 is covered with a first insulating layer 51 at a substantially central portion of the insulating substrate 10. Further, the refractory metal body 15 is connected to an external connection terminal (not shown) formed at the edge of the insulating substrate 10 on the side surfaces 10d and 10e side. Further, the refractory metal body 15 is formed with a heat generating portion 15b that generates heat at a high temperature by forming an intermediate portion where the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 overlap with each other narrower than both ends.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are connected to external connection terminals (not shown) formed on the back surface 10f through castellations formed on the side surfaces 10b and 10c of the insulating substrate 10. Further, the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are opened when the front end portions 11b and 12b are brought close to and separated from the side edges 10b and 10c at the substantially central portion of the surface 10a of the insulating substrate 10. ing. The first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are covered with a second insulating layer 52 except for the tip portions 11b and 12b.
  • an opening 52a is formed in part.
  • the first electrode 11 is provided with connecting solder at the tip 11b and the opening 52a, and the first solder 11 is formed on the second insulating layer 52 between the tip 11b and the opening 52a by the connecting solder. 1 soluble conductor 13 is supported.
  • the area of the first fusible conductor 13 has a size equal to or larger than the connection area overlapping with the first electrode 11. And it preferably has an area that is twice or more the connection area with the first electrode 11, and more preferably, the first fusible conductor 13 protrudes toward the second electrode 12, and the second electrode 12. It is supported by the second insulating layer 52 formed thereon.
  • the switch element 50 has at least a part of the tip portions 11 b and 12 b of the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 and the first soluble conductor 13 superimposed on the heat generating portion 15 b of the refractory metal body 15.
  • a flux 18 is applied on the first soluble conductor 13 to prevent oxidation and improve wettability.
  • an insulating material such as glass can be suitably used, as in the case of the insulating layer 16 of the switch element 1 described above.
  • the first and second electrodes 11, 12 and the first soluble conductor 13 are arranged so as to overlap the heat generating portion 15 b of the refractory metal body 15, and therefore the heat generating portion.
  • the first soluble conductor 13 can be quickly melted by the heat generation of 15b, and the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be short-circuited.
  • the switch element 50 uses the thing excellent in thermal conductivity, such as a ceramic substrate, as the insulating substrate 10, so that the refractory metal body 15 is flush with the surface on which the first soluble conductor 13 is provided. It is preferable because it can be heated to the same degree as when formed.
  • the switch element 50 has a volume of the molten conductor 13a sufficient for the first fusible conductor 13 to aggregate between the tip portions 11b and 12b of the first and second electrodes 11 and 12, The first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be reliably short-circuited.
  • the third insulating layer 53 may be formed between the refractory metal body 15 and the insulating substrate 10.
  • the third insulating layer 53 is made of glass or the like, like the first and second insulating layers 51 and 52. At this time, the third insulating layer 53 may be partially formed in a region including the center of the heat generating portion 15b.
  • the vicinity of the center of the heat generating portion 15 b is laminated on the third insulating layer 53.
  • the refractory metal body 15 is formed with the heat generating portion 15b straddling the third insulating layer 53, and is cut off on the third insulating layer 53 at the time of fusing. Therefore, the refractory metal body 15 can increase the insulation resistance after fusing, and can reliably prevent leakage.
  • the switch element 1 may mount the 2nd soluble conductor 14 on the 2nd electrode 12, as shown in FIG.
  • the second soluble conductor 14 can be formed of the same material as the first soluble conductor 13.
  • the second soluble conductor 14 is provided in the opening portion 16 a formed on the distal end portion 12 b of the second electrode 12 and the first insulating layer 16, similarly to the first soluble conductor 13. Connected by connecting solder.
  • the second fusible conductor 14 has an area larger than the connection area with the second electrode 12, and is supported by projecting to the first electrode 11 side. It is preferable.
  • the switch element 1 By providing the first and second fusible conductors 13 and 14, the switch element 1 causes more molten conductors to aggregate between the first and second electrodes 11 and 12, faster and more reliably, The first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be short-circuited.
  • the switch elements 40 and 50 may be provided with the second soluble conductor 14 on the second electrode.
  • the first soluble conductor may be mounted in the vicinity of the first and second electrodes in an insulated state from the first and second electrodes.
  • the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of the switch elements 1 and 50 described above, and the details thereof are omitted.
  • the first fusible conductor 13 is mounted on the first electrode 11 from the first electrode 11 to the second electrode 12 via the first insulating layer 16, and is preferably shown in FIGS.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are mounted so as to be insulated from the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 in the vicinity of the first and second electrodes 11 and 12, respectively. It is mounted with.
  • the 1st soluble conductor 13 has an area more than the connection area which overlaps with the 1st electrode 11, and aggregates between each front-end
  • the first fusible conductor 13 is positioned by a cover member 20 having insulating properties as shown in FIG.
  • the cover member 20 has a positioning step portion 25 formed on the first insulating layer 16 in accordance with the position where the first fusible conductor 13 is mounted.
  • the mounting position of the first soluble conductor 13 is regulated by the portion 25.
  • the 1st soluble conductor 13 is hold
  • the switch element 60 When the first soluble conductor 13 is melted by the heat generated by the refractory metal body 15, the switch element 60 swells into a spherical shape as shown in FIG. That is, the first fusible conductor 13 aggregates so as to swell toward the tip portions 11b and 12b of the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 facing each other.
  • the electrodes 11 and 12 can be short-circuited.
  • the first soluble conductor 13 is preferably coated with a flux 18 in order to prevent oxidation and improve wettability.
  • the first soluble conductor may be mounted on the first electrode via the insulating layer and may be fixed with an adhesive.
  • the same components as those of the switching elements 1, 50, 60 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals and the details thereof are omitted.
  • the first fusible conductor 13 is mounted on the first electrode 11 from the first electrode 11 to the second electrode 12 side through the first insulating layer 16. As shown in FIG. 2, the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 are mounted at a predetermined position and fixed by an adhesive.
  • An adhesive 71 is provided on the first insulating layer 16, and the first soluble conductor 13 is supported on the first insulating layer 16 by the adhesive 71. Accordingly, the first soluble conductor 13 is fixed at the mounting position on the first insulating layer 16, and the first and second electrodes 11, 12 even when exposed to a high temperature environment such as a reflow temperature. Held in place.
  • the switch element 70 when the first soluble conductor 13 is melted by the heat generation of the refractory metal body 15, a force that minimizes the surface area is activated by the surface tension, and the spherical shape expands. That is, the first fusible conductor 13 aggregates so as to swell toward the tip portions 11b and 12b of the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 facing each other. The electrodes 11 and 12 can be short-circuited.
  • the adhesive 71 a known adhesive can be used. However, when the first soluble conductor 13 is melted due to heat generation of the refractory metal body 15, heat conduction is performed in order to efficiently transfer heat. A high rate adhesive is preferred.
  • the first soluble conductor 13 is preferably coated with a flux 18 to prevent oxidation and improve wettability.
  • the first soluble conductor is mounted on the first electrode via the insulating layer and fixed with an adhesive
  • the second soluble conductor is interposed via the insulating layer. It may be mounted on the second electrode and fixed with an adhesive.
  • the same components as those of the switch elements 1, 50, 60, and 70 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals and the details thereof are omitted.
  • the first soluble conductor 13 projects from the first electrode 11 to the second electrode 12 side through the first insulating layer 16. And is fixed by an adhesive 71 provided on the surface of the first insulating layer 16. As a result, the mounting position of the first fusible conductor 13 on the first insulating layer 16 is fixed, and even when the first soluble conductor 13 is exposed to a high-temperature environment such as a reflow temperature, a predetermined position on the first electrode 11 is obtained. Retained.
  • the switch element 80 is mounted with the second fusible conductor 14 projecting from the second electrode 12 to the first electrode 11 side through the first insulating layer 16, and the first insulating layer. It is fixed by an adhesive 71 provided on the surface of 16. As a result, the mounting position of the second soluble conductor 14 on the first insulating layer 16 is fixed, and even when the second soluble conductor 14 is exposed to a high temperature environment such as a reflow temperature, the predetermined position on the second electrode 12 is obtained. Retained.
  • the switch element 80 when the first and second soluble conductors 13 and 14 are melted by the heat generation of the refractory metal body 15, a force that minimizes the surface area by the surface tension works and expands into a spherical shape.
  • the adhesive 71 is preferably provided on the surface of the first insulating layer 16 in the vicinity of the tip portions 11 b and 12 b of the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 exposed from the first insulating layer 16. . That is, the first and second fusible conductors 13 and 14 are aggregated so as to swell between the opposed front end portions 11b and 12b of the first and second electrodes 11 and 12, and thus automatically.
  • the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 can be short-circuited.
  • the first and second soluble conductors 13 and 14 are preferably coated with a flux 18 to prevent oxidation and improve wettability.
  • the switch element to which the present invention is applied is not only formed with the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 and the refractory metal body 15 on the insulating substrate 10 as described above, but also as described below. You may comprise without providing a board
  • the same members as those of the switching elements 1, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals and their details are omitted.
  • a switch element 90 shown in FIG. 14 includes first and second electrodes 91 and 92 made of a conductor such as a metal plate, and a first insulator 93 mounted on the first electrode 91 via a first insulator 93.
  • Have 14A is a plan view of the switch element 90 before the first fusible conductor 13 is melted
  • FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A ′.
  • the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 are formed of a plate-like body formed using a general electrode material such as Cu or Ag, and are opened by being arranged close to each other and separated from each other. .
  • the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 generate heat when the refractory metal body 95 is energized, so that the molten conductor 13a of the first soluble conductor 13 becomes the first and second electrodes 91 and 92.
  • the switch 2 is agglomerated and bonded (see FIG. 17), and the switch 2 is short-circuited through the molten conductor 13a.
  • the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 are formed with openings 91a and 92a for connection to an external circuit.
  • the switch element 90 includes, for example, first and second electrodes 91 and 92 connected to the alarm device 31 through the openings 91a and 92a, and the switch 2 is turned on, whereby the power supply path to the alarm device 31 is provided. (See FIG. 5).
  • the first electrode 91 is provided with a first insulator 93 in a region excluding the tip 91b facing the second electrode 92.
  • the first insulator 93 is formed by, for example, applying an insulating material such as glass or solder resist on the first electrode 91 or bonding a heat-resistant engineering plastic or the like on the first electrode 91. Can be formed.
  • the first insulator 93 is also provided on the second electrode 92 in a region excluding the tip portion 92 b facing the first electrode 91.
  • the switch element 90 the end portions 91b and 92b of the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 are exposed from the first insulator 93, and the molten conductor 13a of the first soluble conductor 13 is aggregated and bonded. It is possible.
  • a connecting solder 96 is provided at the distal end portion 91 b of the first electrode 91, and the first soluble conductor 13 is supported on the first insulator 93 by the connecting solder 96.
  • the area of the first fusible conductor 13 has a size equal to or larger than the connection area overlapping with the first electrode 91. That is, the first fusible conductor 13 is connected to the first electrode 91 and has an area equal to or larger than the connection area overlapping with the first electrode 91, and preferably extends to the second electrode 92 side. It is supported.
  • the 1st soluble conductor 13 has sufficient volume of the molten conductor 13a to aggregate between each front-end
  • the second electrodes 91 and 92 can be short-circuited.
  • the area of the first fusible conductor 13 is at least twice as large as the connection area with the first electrode 91, which is sufficient to reliably short-circuit the first and second electrodes 91 and 92. It is desirable for securing the amount of the molten conductor 13a.
  • the first soluble conductor 13 is supported by the first insulator 93 stacked on the second electrode 92, whereby the second soluble conductor 13 It may be superimposed on the electrode 92.
  • the molten conductor 13a aggregates on the respective tip portions 91b and 92b of the first and second electrodes 91 and 92, and The agglomerated molten conductor 13a is coupled, and the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 can be short-circuited more reliably.
  • the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 have Ni / Au plating, Ni / Pd plating, and Ni / Pd / Au plating on the surface in the same manner as the first and second electrodes 11 and 12 described above. It is preferable that a coating such as a coating is coated by a known method such as plating.
  • the refractory metal body 95 is a conductive member that generates heat when energized.
  • the refractory metal body 95 is made of W, Mo, Ru, Cu, Ag, or a plate-like body formed using an alloy containing these as a main component. Become.
  • the refractory metal body 95 has openings 95a for connection to an external circuit at both ends.
  • the refractory metal body 95 is connected to the functional circuit 32 that triggers the operation of the alarm device 31 through the opening 95a, and the switch element 90 generates heat due to an overcurrent accompanying abnormality of the functional circuit 32 (see FIG. 5). ).
  • the refractory metal body 95 is formed in a rectangular plate shape and has a thin central portion, and a heat generating portion 95 b that generates heat locally to a high temperature is formed by current concentration.
  • the refractory metal body 95 efficiently melts the first soluble conductor 13 by providing the heat generating portion 95b at a position close to the first soluble conductor 13, and promptly melts the first and second electrodes 91. , 92 can be short-circuited.
  • the refractory metal body 95 is adjacent to the first electrode 91 through the second insulator 94 as shown in FIGS. At this time, in the refractory metal body 95, the heat generating portion 95 b is overlapped with the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 via the second insulator 94.
  • the second insulator 94 can be formed using, for example, an engineering plastic having heat resistance, a glass plate, a ceramic plate, or the like.
  • the switch element 90 heats the first soluble conductor 13 via the second insulator 94 and the first electrode 91, and the first possible conductor 13 is heated.
  • the molten conductor 13 can be melted.
  • the switch element 90 mounts the first fusible conductor 13 on the first insulator 93 formed on the second electrode 92, so that the heat of the refractory metal body 95 is transferred to the second electrode. 92 and the first insulator 93 formed on the second electrode 92 can also be transmitted to the first soluble conductor 13 and rapidly melted.
  • the switch element 90 when the functional circuit 32 is operating normally, an appropriate current within the rating flows through the refractory metal body 95.
  • the switch element 90 generates heat when an overcurrent flows through the refractory metal body 95 due to an abnormality in the functional circuit 32, and melts the first soluble conductor 13 as shown in FIG.
  • the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 are short-circuited through 13a.
  • the refractory metal body 95 continues to generate heat, so that the heat generating portion 95b is melted by its own Joule heat as shown in FIG.
  • the refractory metal body 95 is cut off from overcurrent due to an abnormality in the functional circuit 32 and stops generating heat. That is, the refractory metal body 95 functions as a fuse that melts the first soluble conductor 13 and interrupts its own power supply path by self-heating.
  • the refractory metal body 95 is fused at the heat generating portion 95b by providing the heat generating portion 95b that is locally high in temperature. At this time, since the refractory metal body 95 has the heat generating portion 95b formed relatively thin, the arc discharge generated at the time of fusing can be reduced to a small scale and melted together with the covering effect of the second insulator 94. The scattering of the conductor can be prevented.
  • the switch element 90 may mount the 2nd soluble conductor 14 on the 2nd electrode 92, as shown to FIG. 18 (A) (B).
  • the second soluble conductor 14 can be formed of the same material as the first soluble conductor 13.
  • the switch element 90 forms an opening 93 a in the first insulator 93 provided on the first and second electrodes 91 and 92, and the tip portions of the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 are formed.
  • the connecting solder 96 is provided at 91b and 92b and the opening 93a, and the first and second soluble conductors 13 and 14 are supported between the tip portions 91b and 92b and the opening 93a.
  • the second soluble conductor 14 also preferably has an area equal to or larger than the connection area with the second electrode 92, similarly to the first soluble conductor 13.
  • the switch element 90 agglomerates more molten conductors between the first and second electrodes 91 and 92, and is faster and more reliable.
  • the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 can be short-circuited.
  • the switch element 90 when the functional circuit 32 is operating normally, an appropriate current within the rating flows through the refractory metal body 95.
  • the switch element 90 generates heat when an overcurrent flows through the refractory metal body 95 due to an abnormality in the functional circuit 32, and the first and second soluble conductors 13 and 14 are connected as shown in FIG.
  • the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 are short-circuited through the molten conductors 13a and 14a. Thereafter, the refractory metal body 95 continues to generate heat, so that the heat generating portion 95b is melted by its own Joule heat as shown in FIG.
  • the refractory metal body 95 is cut off from overcurrent due to an abnormality in the functional circuit 32 and stops generating heat. That is, the refractory metal body 95 functions as a fuse that melts the first and second fusible conductors 13 and 14 and interrupts its power supply path by self-heating.
  • the refractory metal body 95 is fused at the heat generating portion 95b by providing the heat generating portion 95b that is locally high in temperature. At this time, since the refractory metal body 95 has the heat generating portion 95b formed relatively thin, the arc discharge generated at the time of fusing can be reduced to a small scale and melted together with the covering effect of the second insulator 64. The scattering of the conductor can be prevented.
  • the first soluble conductor may be mounted in the vicinity of the first and second electrodes in an insulated state from the first and second electrodes.
  • the same components as those of the switch element 90 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals and the details thereof are omitted.
  • the first soluble conductor 13 is mounted across the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 via the first insulator 93.
  • the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 are mounted in an insulating state in the vicinity of the first and second electrodes 91 and 92, respectively.
  • the 1st soluble conductor 13 has an area more than the connection area which overlaps with the 1st electrode 91, and aggregates between each front-end
  • the first fusible conductor 13 is preferably positioned by a cover member 101 having an insulating property.
  • the cover member 101 is connected to the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 and the first insulator 93 of the switch element 100.
  • the cover member 101 is formed using an insulating member such as a thermoplastic, ceramic, glass epoxy substrate, or the like.
  • the cover member 101 has a positioning step 102 formed on the first insulator 93 in accordance with the position where the first fusible conductor 13 is mounted on the first and second electrodes 91 and 92.
  • the mounting position of the first soluble conductor 13 is regulated by the positioning step 102.
  • the 1st soluble conductor 13 is hold
  • the switch element 100 When the first soluble conductor 13 is melted by the heat generation of the refractory metal body 95, the switch element 100 swells in a spherical shape due to the force that minimizes the surface area due to the surface tension, as shown in FIG. That is, the molten conductor 13a of the first fusible conductor 13 aggregates so as to swell toward the front ends 91b, 92b of the first and second electrodes 91, 92, so that the first The first and second electrodes 91 and 92 can be short-circuited.
  • the first soluble conductor 13 may be coated with a flux for preventing oxidation and improving wettability.
  • the switch element 100 may be configured such that the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 are sandwiched from above and below by a pair of cover members 101. Thereby, the switch element 100 can improve the handleability while preventing the molten conductor from flowing out and surrounding contamination.
  • the first soluble conductor may be mounted on the first electrode via the insulating layer and may be fixed with an adhesive.
  • the same components as those of the switch elements 90 and 100 described above are denoted by the same reference numerals and the details thereof are omitted.
  • the switch element 110 has a first fusible conductor 13 mounted at a predetermined position between the first electrodes 91 and 92 via a first insulator 93. And fixed by an adhesive.
  • the first insulator 93 is provided with an adhesive 71 on the surface, and the adhesive 71 supports the first soluble conductor 13 on the first insulator 93. Accordingly, the first fusible conductor 13 is fixed at the mounting position on the first insulator 93, and the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 are also exposed when exposed to a high temperature environment such as a reflow temperature. Held in place.
  • the switch element 110 when the first soluble conductor 13 is melted by the heat generation of the refractory metal body 95, a force that minimizes the surface area is activated by the surface tension, and the switch element 110 expands into a spherical shape. That is, the molten conductor 13a of the first fusible conductor 13 aggregates so as to swell toward the front ends 91b, 92b of the first and second electrodes 91, 92, so that the first The first and second electrodes 91 and 92 can be short-circuited.
  • first soluble conductor 13 may be coated with a flux 18 to prevent oxidation, improve wettability, and the like.
  • the switch element to which the present invention is applied has the first soluble conductor mounted on the first electrode via the insulator and fixed with an adhesive, and the second soluble conductor is interposed via the insulator. It may be mounted on the second electrode and fixed with an adhesive.
  • the same components as those of the above-described switch elements 90, 100, and 110 are denoted by the same reference numerals and the details thereof are omitted.
  • the first soluble conductor 13 protrudes from the first electrode 91 to the second electrode 92 side through the first insulator 93. And is fixed by an adhesive 71 provided on the surface of the first insulator 93. Accordingly, the first soluble conductor 13 is fixed at a predetermined position on the first electrode 91 even when the mounting position on the first insulator 93 is fixed and exposed to a high temperature environment such as a reflow temperature. Retained.
  • the switch element 120 is mounted with the second fusible conductor 14 projecting from the second electrode 92 to the first electrode 91 side through the first insulator 93, and the first insulator It is fixed by an adhesive 71 provided on the surface 93. Thereby, the mounting position of the second fusible conductor 14 on the first insulator 93 is fixed, and even when the second soluble conductor 14 is exposed to a high temperature environment such as a reflow temperature, the predetermined position on the second electrode 92 is obtained. Retained.
  • the adhesive 71 is preferably provided on the surface of the first insulating layer 16 in the vicinity of the tip portions 11 b and 12 b of the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 exposed from the first insulating layer 16. . That is, the molten conductors 13a and 14a of the first and second fusible conductors 13 and 14 are aggregated so as to swell toward the front ends 91b and 92b of the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 facing each other. Therefore, the first and second electrodes 91 and 92 can be automatically short-circuited.
  • first and second soluble conductors 13 and 14 may be coated with a flux in order to prevent oxidation and improve wettability.
  • the first and second soluble conductors 13 and 14 may be formed of solder, or may contain a low melting point metal and a high melting point metal.
  • the refractory metal layer 130 is made of Ag, Cu or an alloy containing these as a main component, and the low melting metal layer 131 is a Pb-free solder, Sn / In solder, Sn / Bi solder containing Sn or Sn as a main component. Etc.
  • the first and second soluble conductors 13 and 14 may be provided with a high melting point metal layer 130 as an outer layer and a low melting point metal layer 131 as an inner layer. A molten conductor may be used.
  • the first and second fusible conductors 13 and 14 may have a structure in which the entire surface of the low melting point metal layer 131 is covered with the high melting point metal layer 130 and is covered except for a pair of opposite side surfaces. It may be a structure.
  • the covering structure with the high melting point metal layer 130 and the low melting point metal layer 131 can be formed using a known film forming technique such as plating.
  • the first and second soluble conductors 13 and 14 are soluble in which a high melting point metal layer 130 is provided as an inner layer and a low melting point metal layer 131 is provided as an outer layer.
  • a conductor may be used.
  • the first and second fusible conductors 13 and 14 may have a structure in which the entire surface of the high melting point metal layer 130 is covered with the low melting point metal layer 131 and is covered except for a pair of opposite side surfaces. The structure may be different.
  • the first and second fusible conductors 13 and 14 may have a laminated structure in which a high melting point metal layer 130 and a low melting point metal layer 131 are laminated as shown in FIG.
  • the first and second fusible conductors 13 and 14 include a lower layer supported by the first and second electrodes 11, 12, 91, and 92,
  • a low-melting-point metal layer 131 may be stacked on the upper surface of the lower-layer refractory metal layer 130 and may be stacked on the upper surface of the lower-melting-point metal layer 130.
  • An upper refractory metal layer 130 may be laminated on the upper surface of 131.
  • the first and second fusible conductors 13 and 14 may be formed as a three-layer structure including an inner layer and an outer layer laminated on the upper and lower surfaces of the inner layer, as shown in FIG.
  • the refractory metal layer 130 serving as the outer layer may be laminated on the upper and lower surfaces of the low melting point metal layer 131 serving as the inner layer.
  • the low melting point metal layer 131 serving as the outer layer may be disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the refractory metal layer 130 serving as the inner layer. You may laminate.
  • the first and second soluble conductors 13 and 14 may have a multilayer structure of four or more layers in which high melting point metal layers 130 and low melting point metal layers 131 are alternately laminated.
  • the 1st, 2nd soluble conductors 13 and 14 are good also as a structure coat
  • the high melting point metal layer 130 may be partially laminated in a stripe shape on the surface of the low melting point metal layer 131 constituting the inner layer.
  • FIG. 26 is a plan view of the first and second fusible conductors 13 and 14.
  • the first and second fusible conductors 13 and 14 shown in FIG. 26A have a plurality of linear refractory metal layers 130 in the longitudinal direction on the surface of the low melting point metal layer 131 at predetermined intervals in the width direction. As a result, a linear opening 132 is formed along the longitudinal direction, and the low melting point metal layer 131 is exposed from the opening 132. In the first and second fusible conductors 13 and 14, the low melting point metal layer 131 is exposed from the opening 132, so that the contact area between the molten low melting point metal and the high melting point metal increases, and the high melting point metal layer 130. It is possible to improve the fusing property by further promoting the erosion action.
  • the opening 132 can be formed, for example, by subjecting the low melting point metal layer 131 to partial plating of a metal constituting the high melting point metal layer 130.
  • the first and second fusible conductors 13 and 14 are linear refractory metal layers 130 on the surface of the low melting point metal layer 131 at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction.
  • the linear openings 132 may be formed along the width direction.
  • the first and second soluble conductors 13 and 14 form a refractory metal layer 130 on the surface of the low melting point metal layer 131 and extend over the entire surface of the refractory metal layer 130.
  • a circular opening 133 may be formed, and the low melting point metal layer 131 may be exposed from the opening 133.
  • the opening 133 can be formed, for example, by subjecting the low melting point metal layer 131 to partial plating of a metal constituting the high melting point metal layer 130.
  • the first and second fusible conductors 13 and 14 are exposed to the low melting point metal layer 131 from the opening 133, thereby increasing the contact area between the molten low melting point metal and the high melting point metal and eroding the high melting point metal.
  • the action can be further promoted to improve the fusing property.
  • the first and second soluble conductors 13 and 14 are formed with a large number of openings 134 in the refractory metal layer 130 serving as an inner layer, and the refractory metal layer 130 is plated.
  • the low melting point metal layer 131 may be formed using a technique or the like and filled in the opening 134.
  • the first and second soluble conductors 13 and 14 increase the area where the low melting point metal to be in contact with the high melting point metal increases, so that the low melting point metal erodes the high melting point metal in a shorter time. Will be able to.
  • the first and second soluble conductors 13 and 14 are preferably formed such that the volume of the low melting point metal layer 131 is larger than the volume of the high melting point metal layer 130.
  • the first and second soluble conductors 13 and 14 are heated by the high-melting point metal body 15 to melt the low-melting point metal when the low-melting point metal melts, thereby quickly melting and cutting. Can do. Therefore, the first and second fusible conductors 13 and 14 promote this erosion action by forming the volume of the low melting point metal layer 131 larger than the volume of the high melting point metal layer 130, and promptly.
  • a short circuit between the first and second electrodes 11, 12, 91, 92 can be performed.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément de commutation miniaturisé qui actionne rapidement un circuit sans dépendre d'une liaison d'éléments mécano-physiques. L'élément de commutation comprend une première électrode (11) et une seconde électrode (12), un conducteur fusible (13) monté sur la première électrode (11), et un corps métallique à point de fusion élevé (15) qui est adjacent à la première électrode (11), un isolant (10) étant intercalé entre ces derniers et qui présente un point de fusion plus élevé que celui du premier conducteur fusible (13). La surface du premier conducteur fusible (13) est d'une taille supérieure ou égale à celle de la surface en contact avec la première électrode (11). Le premier conducteur fusible (13) est fondu par la chaleur produite en faisant passer un courant à travers le corps métallique à point de fusion élevé (15), reliant la première électrode (11) et la seconde électrode (12) à travers ledit conducteur fusible (13a), ce qui provoque un court-circuit.
PCT/JP2015/085363 2014-12-18 2015-12-17 Élément de commutation WO2016098854A1 (fr)

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JP6957246B2 (ja) * 2016-11-29 2021-11-02 デクセリアルズ株式会社 保護素子
WO2018100984A1 (fr) * 2016-11-29 2018-06-07 デクセリアルズ株式会社 Élément de protection

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CN107408474B (zh) 2020-01-14
CN107408474A (zh) 2017-11-28
TW201633346A (zh) 2016-09-16
TWI705468B (zh) 2020-09-21
KR101950623B1 (ko) 2019-02-20
KR20170072946A (ko) 2017-06-27
JP6622960B2 (ja) 2019-12-18

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