WO2016090557A1 - 一种检测发送序列的方法、接收机和接收设备 - Google Patents

一种检测发送序列的方法、接收机和接收设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016090557A1
WO2016090557A1 PCT/CN2014/093381 CN2014093381W WO2016090557A1 WO 2016090557 A1 WO2016090557 A1 WO 2016090557A1 CN 2014093381 W CN2014093381 W CN 2014093381W WO 2016090557 A1 WO2016090557 A1 WO 2016090557A1
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Prior art keywords
symbol
component
value
ith
sequence
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PCT/CN2014/093381
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴本涛
毛邦宁
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2014/093381 priority Critical patent/WO2016090557A1/zh
Priority to CN201480083853.4A priority patent/CN107004117B/zh
Publication of WO2016090557A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016090557A1/zh
Priority to US15/617,759 priority patent/US10320523B2/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0045Arrangements at the receiver end
    • H04L1/0054Maximum-likelihood or sequential decoding, e.g. Viterbi, Fano, ZJ algorithms
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L25/03178Arrangements involving sequence estimation techniques
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/3405Modifications of the signal space to increase the efficiency of transmission, e.g. reduction of the bit error rate, bandwidth, or average power
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/38Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method, a receiver, and a receiving device for detecting a transmission sequence.
  • a receiver in the communication system is configured to receive a signal and determine, by calculation, a transmission sequence corresponding to the received sequence at the transmitting terminal.
  • Maximum Likelihood Sequence Estimation can compensate the linear and nonlinear damage of the system, reduce the bit error rate, and obtain better results.
  • the basic principle of the MLSE is to find a sequence with the greatest likelihood of the received sequence from all possible transmission sequences, and use this possible transmission sequence as the detected transmission sequence.
  • the Viterbi Algorithm (English: Viterbi Algorithm; VA for short) is used to make the complexity no longer related to the number of symbols in the sequence, thus simplifying the complexity of the MLSE.
  • the algorithm is collectively referred to as MLSE-VA.
  • the Viterbi algorithm considers the removal of a survivor path that is unlikely to be the maximum likelihood selection object on the grid map.
  • the invention provides a method, a receiver and a receiving device for detecting a transmission sequence, which are used for simplification
  • the algorithm for detecting the transmission sequence improves the detection efficiency.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a method for detecting a transmission sequence, which is applied to a receiver, including:
  • a likelihood calculation is performed on the N sets of reserved sequences, and a reserved sequence having a maximum likelihood with the symbol sequence in the N sets of reserved sequences is used as the detected transmission sequence.
  • the determining, by using the maximum possible candidate value of each of the N symbols of the symbol sequence, obtaining the N maximum possible candidate values Specifically include:
  • i takes an integer from 1 to N in sequence, respectively, for the ith symbol:
  • the constellation corresponding to the i-th symbol When the first Euclidean distance is greater than the first threshold, according to the constellation corresponding to the i-th symbol, one or two constellations closest to the I component of the i-th symbol are The I component value of the point as the I component possible value of the ith symbol; the constellation diagram has a plurality of constellation points, each constellation point characterizing a possible candidate value of the ith symbol.
  • the I component of the ith symbol decision value is determined to be the I component possible value of the ith symbol, or the closest I component to the I component of the ith symbol may be After the I component value of the two constellation points, as the I component possible value of the i th symbol, the method further includes:
  • the determining, by the maximum possible candidate value of each of the N symbols of the symbol sequence, obtaining the N maximum possible candidate values Specifically include:
  • i takes an integer from 1 to N in sequence, respectively, for the ith symbol:
  • one or two constellations closest to the I component of the i-th symbol are Point I component a value as an I component possible value of the ith symbol; the constellation diagram having a plurality of constellation points, each constellation point characterizing a possible candidate value of the ith symbol.
  • determining an I component of the ith symbol is an I component of an ith symbol a possible value, or an I component value of one or two constellation points that are closest to the I component of the i-th symbol, as the I component possible value of the i-th symbol, the method further include:
  • the determining the N symbols of the symbol sequence The maximum possible candidate value for each symbol in the middle, the N maximum possible candidate values are obtained, and also includes:
  • a second aspect of the present application provides a receiver, including:
  • a receiving module configured to receive a sequence of symbols
  • a detecting module configured to be connected to the receiving module, configured to determine a maximum possible candidate value of each of the N symbols of the symbol sequence, obtain N maximum possible candidate values; determine and the N maximum
  • the state sequence corresponding to the candidate value is a reserved sequence, and N sets of reserved sequences are obtained; the N sets of reserved sequences are subjected to likelihood calculation, and the N sets of reserved sequences have the maximum likelihood retention with the symbol sequence
  • the sequence is used as the detected transmission sequence.
  • the detecting module is specifically configured to:
  • i takes an integer from 1 to N in sequence, respectively, for the ith symbol:
  • the constellation corresponding to the i-th symbol When the first Euclidean distance is greater than the first threshold, according to the constellation corresponding to the i-th symbol, one or two constellations closest to the I component of the i-th symbol are The I component value of the point as the I component possible value of the ith symbol; the constellation diagram has a plurality of constellation points, each constellation point characterizing a possible candidate value of the ith symbol.
  • the detecting module is further configured to:
  • the I component of the ith symbol decision value is an I component possible value of the ith symbol, or one or two constellation points that are closest to the I component of the ith symbol.
  • the I component value, as the I component possible value of the ith symbol, is calculated to obtain a second Euclidean distance between the Q component of the ith symbol and the Q component of the ith symbol decision value;
  • the detecting module is specifically configured to:
  • i takes an integer from 1 to N in sequence, respectively, for the ith symbol:
  • the constellation corresponding to the i-th symbol When the first Euclidean distance is greater than the first threshold, according to the constellation corresponding to the i-th symbol, one or two constellations closest to the I component of the i-th symbol are The I component value of the point as the I component possible value of the ith symbol; the constellation diagram has a plurality of constellation points, each constellation point characterizing a possible candidate value of the ith symbol.
  • the detecting module is further configured to:
  • the I component decision value of the ith symbol is an I component possible value of the ith symbol, or one or two constellation points that are closest to the I component of the ith symbol I component value, as the I component possible value of the ith symbol, calculating the Q component and the obtained ith symbol a second Euclidean distance between Q component decision values of the i-th symbol;
  • the detecting module is further configured to:
  • the third invention of the present application provides a receiving device, including:
  • a receiver for receiving a sequence of symbols
  • a memory for storing an instruction, the instruction comprising: determining a maximum possible candidate value of each of the N symbols of the received symbol sequence, obtaining N maximum possible candidate values, N being a positive integer; determining a sequence of states corresponding to the N largest possible candidate values is a reserved sequence, obtaining N sets of reserved sequences; performing likelihood calculation on the N sets of reserved sequences, and having the sequence of symbols in the N sets of reserved sequences a maximum likelihood retention sequence as the detected transmission sequence;
  • a processor for executing the instructions.
  • i takes an integer from 1 to N in sequence, respectively, for the ith symbol:
  • the constellation corresponding to the i-th symbol When the first Euclidean distance is greater than the first threshold, according to the constellation corresponding to the i-th symbol, one or two constellations closest to the I component of the i-th symbol are The I component value of the point as the I component possible value of the ith symbol; the constellation diagram has a plurality of constellation points, each constellation point characterizing a possible candidate value of the ith symbol.
  • the I component of the ith symbol decision value is an I component possible value of the ith symbol, or one or two constellation points that are closest to the I component of the ith symbol.
  • the I component value, as the I component possible value of the ith symbol, is calculated to obtain a second Euclidean distance between the Q component of the ith symbol and the Q component of the ith symbol decision value;
  • i takes an integer from 1 to N in sequence, respectively, for the ith symbol:
  • the constellation corresponding to the i-th symbol When the first Euclidean distance is greater than the first threshold, according to the constellation corresponding to the i-th symbol, one or two constellations closest to the I component of the i-th symbol are The I component value of the point as the I component possible value of the ith symbol; the constellation diagram has a plurality of constellation points, each constellation point characterizing a possible candidate value of the ith symbol.
  • the I component decision value of the ith symbol is an I component possible value of the ith symbol, or one or two constellation points that are closest to the I component of the ith symbol
  • determining a maximum possible candidate value of each of the N symbols of the received symbol sequence obtaining N maximum possible candidate values, where N is a positive integer; determining and the N
  • the sequence of states corresponding to the largest possible candidate value is a reserved sequence, and N sets of reserved sequences are obtained; a likelihood calculation is performed on the N sets of reserved sequences, and the maximum likelihood of the N sets of reserved sequences with the symbol sequence is obtained.
  • the sequence is reserved as the detected transmission sequence. Therefore, each symbol of the received symbol sequence is first filtered to obtain the maximum possible candidate value from the possible candidate values of each symbol.
  • the likelihood calculation is performed only on the reserved state corresponding to the largest possible candidate value, thereby determining the transmission sequence, and not calculating the state sequence corresponding to the maximum possible candidate value. It can be seen that compared with the prior art, the calculation amount of the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is reduced, so that the efficiency of detecting the transmission sequence is improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a transmission sequence in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 16QAM constellation diagram and two original symbol constellation points in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a constellation point and an I axis in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiver according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a method, a receiver and a receiving device for detecting a transmission sequence, which are used for simplifying an algorithm for detecting a transmission sequence and improving detection efficiency.
  • the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is to solve the above technical problem, and the detection and transmission in the present invention
  • the method of sequence includes the following:
  • determining a maximum possible candidate value of each of the N symbols of the received symbol sequence obtaining N maximum possible candidate values, where N is a positive integer; determining and the N
  • the sequence of states corresponding to the largest possible candidate value is a reserved sequence, and N sets of reserved sequences are obtained; a likelihood calculation is performed on the N sets of reserved sequences, and the maximum likelihood of the N sets of reserved sequences with the symbol sequence is obtained.
  • the sequence is reserved as the detected transmission sequence. Therefore, each symbol of the received symbol sequence is first filtered to obtain the maximum possible candidate value from the possible candidate values of each symbol.
  • the likelihood calculation is performed only on the reserved state corresponding to the largest possible candidate value, thereby determining the transmission sequence, and not calculating the state sequence corresponding to the maximum possible candidate value. It can be seen that compared with the prior art, the calculation amount of the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is reduced, so that the efficiency of detecting the transmission sequence is improved.
  • a first aspect of the present application provides a method for detecting a transmission sequence. Referring to FIG. 1, the method includes:
  • S101 Determine a maximum possible candidate value of each of the N symbols of the received symbol sequence, and obtain N maximum possible candidate values.
  • S102 Determine a sequence of states corresponding to the N maximum possible candidate values as a reserved sequence, and obtain N sets of reserved sequences.
  • S103 Perform a likelihood calculation on the N sets of reserved sequences, and use the reserved sequence in the N sets of reserved sequences with the maximum likelihood of the symbol sequence as the detected transmission sequence.
  • the symbol sequence includes N symbols, and N is a positive integer, such as 1, 30, 392, and the like.
  • N is a positive integer, such as 1, 30, 392, and the like.
  • Each symbol consists of two components, the I component and the Q component, expressed as a complex number. If the complex form of the symbol a1 is -3+1j, the I component of the symbol a1 is -3 and the Q component is 1.
  • the possible values of the I component and the possible values of the Q component are limited.
  • 16QAM has 16 kinds. As shown in Fig.
  • the maximum possible candidate value of each of the N symbols in the symbol sequence is first determined.
  • the manner of determining the maximum possible candidate value from the multiple candidate values of the symbol will be described in detail in the specific implementation process, including but not limited to the following two.
  • S101 specifically includes:
  • the Q component of the i-th symbol decision value is a Q component possible value of the i-th symbol; or when the second European-style
  • a Q component value of one or two constellation points closest to the Q component of the i-th symbol is used as the i-th symbol
  • the Q component may be a value.
  • the ith symbol is first hard-decision.
  • the hard decision is to determine the value of the constellation point of the original symbol in the constellation, the closest constellation point.
  • the receiver is a 16QAM system. Assume that the original constellation point p1 of the i-th symbol is (-2, 0.2), and the position in the constellation diagram is as shown in Fig. 1. From the constellation diagram, the distance between p1 and (-1, 1) is calculated. Then, the decision value of point p1 is -1+1j.
  • the process of obtaining the ith symbol decision value is specifically calculating the Euclidean distance between the original symbol constellation point of the i-th symbol and each constellation point, and the constellation point with the smallest distance is the distance code.
  • the nearest constellation point of the original constellation point, and the value of the smallest constellation point is the i-th symbol decision value.
  • a first Euclidean distance between the i-th symbol I component and the I component of the i-th symbol decision value is obtained based on the i-th symbol and the i-th symbol decision value.
  • the first Euclidean distance is also calculated by the Euclidean distance calculation rule. For example, the first Euclidean distance between the I component of the p1 point and the I component of the decision value is:
  • the first threshold is a positive number, such as 1, 0.5, 0.7, and the like.
  • the first threshold may be set according to algorithm complexity and performance requirements. For example, the accuracy of the transmission sequence is detected according to the first threshold value of 0.5, which is higher than the accuracy of the first threshold value of 1.
  • a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs can be set according to actual needs, and the present application does not specifically limit the present application.
  • the constellation is Among the upper 16 constellation points, the I component of the nearest one or two constellation points of the I component and the I component of the i-th symbol is used as the I component possible value of the symbol.
  • the first Euclidean distance is greater than the first threshold.
  • the I component of the nearest one or two constellation points of the I component and the I component of p1 is taken as the I component possible value of p1.
  • the I component of the p1 point is -2
  • p1 is between -1 and -3 in the I-axis direction, and is one unit length from -1 and -3, so, - 1+1j and -3+1j are the two constellations closest to the p1 point I component point.
  • the I component of -1+1j and -3+1j is taken as the I component possible value of the p1 point, so the I component possible values of the p1 point are -1 and -3.
  • the constellation diagram includes a plurality of constellation points, such as 8QAM including 8 constellation points, and 16QAM including 16 constellation points. Each constellation point characterizes one possible candidate value for the ith symbol.
  • step (14) is performed to obtain a second Euclidean distance between the Q component of the i-th symbol and the Q component of the i-th symbol decision value.
  • the second Euclidean distance is similar to the first Euclidean distance, and is also calculated by the Euclidean distance rule.
  • the second Euclidean distance between the Q component of the p1 point and the Q component of the decision value is:
  • step (15) it is necessary to determine the size of the second Euclidean distance and the second threshold.
  • the second threshold is also a positive number, such as 1, 0.5, 0.7, and the like.
  • the second threshold can also be set according to algorithm complexity and performance requirements.
  • the second threshold and the first threshold may be set to the same value, or may be set to different values, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the Q component of the i-th symbol decision value is the Q component possible value of the i-th symbol
  • the Q component of the nearest one or two constellation points of the Q component and the Q component of the i th symbol is taken as the i th symbol among the 16 constellation points on the constellation diagram.
  • the Q component may be a value.
  • the second Euclidean distance is greater than the second threshold.
  • -1+1j, -3+1j, -1-1j, and -3-1j are the four constellation points whose Q component is closest to the p1 point Q component. Then, the Q components of the four constellation points are taken as the Q component possible values of the p1 point, so the Q component possible values of the p1 point are 1 and -1.
  • the first Euclidean distance is greater than the first threshold, and when the I component of the i-th symbol is less than or equal to the constellation The minimum value on the I axis, or greater than or equal to the maximum value on the I axis.
  • the I component of the i-th symbol is only close to the constellation point where the I component is the maximum or minimum value of the I axis, then the I of the i-th symbol There is only one component possible value; and when the I component of the i-th symbol is between two values on the I-axis, then there are two possible values of the I component of the i-th symbol.
  • the I component enable value of the i-th symbol may only be the I component decision value or the I component of the decision value.
  • the possible values of the Q component of the ith symbol are also similar. Therefore, the number of possible values of the I component of the i-th symbol or the Q component of the i-th symbol is 1 or 2.
  • steps (12)-(13) and steps (14)-(15), steps (12)-(13) may be performed before steps (14)-(15) are performed, that is, I is obtained first.
  • the component may take a value, and the Q component may be taken.
  • steps (14)-(15) and steps (12)-(13) simultaneously while obtaining possible values of the two components.
  • a person skilled in the art to which the present application belongs can make a selection according to actual conditions, and the present application does not specifically limit the present application.
  • S101 specifically includes:
  • the Q component value of one or two constellation points closest to the Q component of the i-th symbol is used as the i-th symbol according to the constellation diagram.
  • the Q component may be a value.
  • the I component and the Q component of the i-th symbol are first hard-decision. Similar to the first method, the hard decision is to determine the constellation point of the original symbol in the constellation, the closest constellation point. The difference is that when determining the I component of the i-th symbol, only the distance in the I-axis direction between the constellation points is considered, and when the Q component of the i-th symbol is determined, only the Q-axis direction between the constellation points is considered. distance. Assume that the position of the original constellation point p2 (-2.88, -3.6) of the i-th symbol in the constellation is as shown in FIG. 2.
  • -2.88 is closest to -3 in the I-axis direction, so the I component decision value at point p2 is -3.
  • -3.6 is closest to -3 in the Q-axis direction, so the Q component decision value at point p2 is also -3.
  • the second mode is similar to the first mode, and the i-th symbol is determined by judging the relationship between the first Euclidean distance and the first threshold, and the relationship between the second Euclidean distance and the second threshold.
  • the I component possible value and the Q component possible value Please refer to the first method for a detailed description, and the details are not repeated here.
  • the I component of the symbol p2 may take a value and Q.
  • the component may have a value of -3.
  • the first method may be used to obtain the possible values of the two components, or the second method may be used to obtain the possible values of the two components.
  • the person skilled in the art to which the present application belongs can be set according to actual needs, and the present application is not limited.
  • S101 further includes:
  • the original symbol is represented in a complex form. Therefore, after obtaining the possible values of the I component of the i-th symbol and the possible values of the Q component of the ith symbol, the combination is still performed in the form of a complex number. The maximum possible candidate value of the ith symbol is obtained, thereby obtaining the maximum possible candidate value of the N symbols.
  • the original value of the symbol p1 is -2+0.2j
  • the possible values of the I component are -1 and -3
  • the possible values of the Q component are 1 and -1
  • the symbol p1 There are four maximum possible candidate values, which are -1+1j, -1-1j, -3+1j and -3-1j.
  • the original value of the symbol p2 is -2.88-3.6j
  • the possible value of the I component is -3
  • the possible value of the Q component is -3. Therefore, the maximum possible candidate value of the symbol p1 is only one, -3-3j .
  • the possible values of the two components are the corresponding component decision values or decisions The component of the value, then the combination of the two component possible values, the maximum possible candidate value of the i-th symbol is only one. If the possible value of one of the components is a decision value, and the possible value of the other component is the component value of a constellation point closest to the component of the i-th symbol, then the two component possible values are combined. There is only one maximum possible candidate for the i-th symbol.
  • the two component possible values are combined. There are two maximum possible candidate values for the i-th symbol.
  • the value of the decision, or the component value of the nearest constellation point, and the other component is the component value of the three closest constellation points (for example, the receiver is an 8QAM system)
  • the receiver is an 8QAM system
  • N maximum possible candidate values are obtained.
  • the state sequence corresponding to the N largest possible candidate values is a reserved sequence, thereby obtaining N sets of reserved sequences.
  • each symbol has multiple values, for example, in 16QAM, there are 16 kinds of values for each symbol, and each value may correspond to multiple states. Therefore, all symbols may be taken.
  • the value corresponds to a large number of states.
  • the state sequence corresponding to the N largest possible candidate values is reserved as a reserved sequence, and for the state sequence not corresponding to the maximum possible candidate value, in the subsequent In the calculation, it will not be processed.
  • the maximum possible candidate value of p1 obtained by S101 is -1+1j, -1-1j, -3+1j or -3-1j, and in S102, only -1+
  • the sequence of states corresponding to 1j, -1-1j, -3+1j or -3-1j is reserved as a reserved sequence.
  • All state sequences corresponding to 1+3j, 3+3j, 1+1j, 3+1j, 1-1j, 3-1j, -3-3j, -1-3j, 1-3j, and 3+3j are deleted, and subsequent Consider or calculate again.
  • the symbol sequence includes other symbols.
  • Each symbol performs the above processing, and only the sequence of states corresponding to the maximum possible candidate value of each symbol is reserved as a reserved sequence. Therefore, after such processing, when the likelihood calculation is performed in S103, only the reserved sequence is used. Therefore, in the prior art, the likelihood calculation is performed on all the state sequences, and the amount of calculation is reduced.
  • a likelihood calculation is performed on the N sets of reserved sequences to obtain a likelihood of the reserved sequence and the symbol sequence.
  • a set of reserved sequences having maximum likelihood with the symbol sequence is used as the detected transmission sequence according to the likelihood of each group of reserved sequences and symbol series.
  • the weighting factor is determined according to the first Euclidean distance and the second Euclidean distance. The larger the first Euclidean distance and the second Euclidean distance, the smaller the weighting factor; the smaller the first Euclidean distance and the second Euclidean distance, the larger the weighting factor.
  • the first Euclidean distance is 1, and when the second Euclidean distance does not exceed 0.8, both 1 and 0.8 are relatively large, so the maximum possible candidate value of the symbol p1 corresponds to the retention state.
  • the result can be multiplied by a smaller weighting factor such as 0.1, 0.2; the first Euclidean distance and the second Euclidean distance partition of the symbol p2 are 0.12 and 0.6, which are relatively small, so the corresponding weighting factor can be selected 0.5, 0.8 or 1 and so on.
  • a person skilled in the art can set a weighting factor according to a preset rule.
  • the Euclidean distance is in the range of 0 to 1, and the weighting factor is set to 1; in the Euclidean distance of 1-3, the weighting factor is set to 0.5; in the Euclidean distance of 3-6, the weighting factor is set to 0.1; Within the European distance, The weighting factor is set to 0.01 or the like, and the present application is not specifically limited.
  • a second aspect of the present application provides a receiver, as shown in FIG. 4, including:
  • the receiving module 201 is configured to receive a sequence of symbols.
  • the detecting module 202 is connected to the detecting module 202, and is configured to determine a maximum possible candidate value of each of the N symbols of the symbol sequence, obtain N maximum possible candidate values, and determine the N maximum possible candidates.
  • the state sequence corresponding to the value is a reserved sequence, and N sets of reserved sequences are obtained; and the N sets of reserved sequences are subjected to likelihood calculation, and the retained sequence of the N sets of reserved sequences having the greatest likelihood with the symbol sequence is used as The detected transmission sequence.
  • the receiver may further include a pre-processor module 203, and the receiving module 201 and the detecting module 202 are connected by the pre-processing module 203.
  • the pre-processing module 203 is configured to perform pre-processing on the symbol sequence, including but not limited to digital-to-analog conversion, equalization processing, filtering, and the like.
  • the detection module 202 also has two implementation manners.
  • the first type: the detecting module 202 is specifically configured to:
  • i takes an integer from 1 to N in sequence, respectively, for the ith symbol:
  • one or two constellations closest to the I component of the i-th symbol are Point I component a value as an I component possible value of the ith symbol; the constellation diagram having a plurality of constellation points, each constellation point characterizing a possible candidate value of the ith symbol.
  • the detecting module 202 is further configured to:
  • the I component of the ith symbol decision value is an I component possible value of the ith symbol, or one or two constellation points that are closest to the I component of the ith symbol.
  • the I component value, as the I component possible value of the ith symbol, is calculated to obtain a second Euclidean distance between the Q component of the ith symbol and the Q component of the ith symbol decision value;
  • the detection module 202 is specifically used to:
  • i takes an integer from 1 to N in sequence, respectively, for the ith symbol:
  • one or two constellations closest to the I component of the i-th symbol are Point I component a value as an I component possible value of the ith symbol; the constellation diagram having a plurality of constellation points, each constellation point characterizing a possible candidate value of the ith symbol.
  • the detecting module 202 is further configured to:
  • the I component decision value of the ith symbol is an I component possible value of the ith symbol, or one or two constellation points that are closest to the I component of the ith symbol
  • the ith symbol is processed in the foregoing embodiment, and the detecting module 202 is further configured to:
  • a third aspect of the present application provides a receiving device, as shown in FIG. 5, including:
  • a receiver 301 configured to receive a sequence of symbols
  • the memory 302 is configured to store an instruction, where the instruction includes: determining a maximum possible candidate value of each of the N symbols of the received symbol sequence, and obtaining N maximum possible candidate values, where N is a positive integer; Determining a sequence of states corresponding to the N largest possible candidate values as a reserved sequence, obtaining N sets of reserved sequences; performing likelihood calculation on the N sets of reserved sequences, and performing the N sets of reserved sequences Determining a sequence of symbols having a maximum likelihood as a detected transmission sequence;
  • the processor 303 is configured to execute the instruction.
  • the instruction specifically includes:
  • i takes an integer from 1 to N in sequence, respectively, for the ith symbol:
  • the constellation corresponding to the i-th symbol When the first Euclidean distance is greater than the first threshold, according to the constellation corresponding to the i-th symbol, one or two constellations closest to the I component of the i-th symbol are The I component value of the point as the I component possible value of the ith symbol; the constellation diagram has a plurality of constellation points, each constellation point characterizing a possible candidate value of the ith symbol.
  • the method further includes: determining that an I component of the ith symbol decision value is an I component possible value of the ith symbol, or a distance closest to an I component of the ith symbol Or the I component value of the two constellation points, as the I component possible value of the i-th symbol, the second between the Q component of the ith symbol and the Q component of the ith symbol decision value is calculated. Euclidean distance
  • the instructions include:
  • i takes an integer from 1 to N in sequence, respectively, for the ith symbol:
  • the constellation corresponding to the i-th symbol When the first Euclidean distance is greater than the first threshold, according to the constellation corresponding to the i-th symbol, one or two constellations closest to the I component of the i-th symbol are The I component value of the point as the I component possible value of the ith symbol; the constellation diagram has a plurality of constellation points, each constellation point characterizing a possible candidate value of the ith symbol.
  • the method further includes: determining that the I component decision value of the ith symbol is an I component possible value of the ith symbol, or a distance closest to the I component of the ith symbol or Obtaining the I component value of the two constellation points as the I component possible value of the i th symbol, and calculating the Q component of the i th symbol and the Q component decision value of the i th symbol Second Euclidean distance between;
  • bus 300 may include any For a number of interconnected buses and bridges, bus 300 will link together various circuits including one or more processors represented by processor 303 and memory represented by memory 302. Bus interface 304 provides an interface between bus 300 and receiver 301. The bus 300 can also link various other circuits, such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, as is known in the art and, therefore, will not be further described herein.
  • the processor 303 is responsible for managing the bus 300 and the usual processing, and the memory 302 can be used to store data used by the processor 303 in performing the operations.
  • determining a maximum possible candidate value of each of the N symbols of the received symbol sequence obtaining N maximum possible candidate values, where N is a positive integer; determining and the N
  • the sequence of states corresponding to the largest possible candidate value is a reserved sequence, and N sets of reserved sequences are obtained; a likelihood calculation is performed on the N sets of reserved sequences, and the maximum likelihood of the N sets of reserved sequences with the symbol sequence is obtained.
  • the sequence is reserved as the detected transmission sequence. Therefore, each symbol of the received symbol sequence is first filtered to obtain the maximum possible candidate value from the possible candidate values of each symbol.
  • the likelihood calculation is performed only on the reserved state corresponding to the largest possible candidate value, thereby determining the transmission sequence, and not calculating the state sequence corresponding to the maximum possible candidate value. It can be seen that compared with the prior art, the calculation amount of the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention is reduced, so that the efficiency of detecting the transmission sequence is improved.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage and optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种检测发送序列的方法、接收机和接收设备,用于简化检测发送序列的算法,提高检测效率。本发明实施例中检测发送序列的方法包括:确定接收到的码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值,N为正整数;确定与所述N个最大可能候选值对应的状态序列为保留序列,获得N组保留序列;对所述N组保留序列进行似然计算,将所述N组保留序列中与所述码元序列具有最大似然度的保留序列作为检测出的发送序列。

Description

一种检测发送序列的方法、接收机和接收设备 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域,尤其涉及一种检测发送序列的方法、接收机和接收设备。
背景技术
通信系统中的接收机用于接收信号,并通过计算,确定接收到的序列在发送终端所对应的发送序列。确定发送序列的算法中,最大似然序列估计(英文:Maximum likelihood Sequence Estimation;简称:MLSE)能够对系统的线性和非线性损伤进行补偿,降低误码率,获得具有较好的效果。
MLSE的基本原理是从所有可能的发送序列中找出一个和接收序列具有最大似然度的序列,将这个可能的发送序列作为检测出来的发送序列。通常情况下,会采用维特比译码算法(英文:Viterbi Algorithm;简称:VA)来使得复杂度不再与序列中的码元数量有关,从而简化MLSE的复杂度。此时算法合称为MLSE-VA。维特比算法考虑的是去除不可能成为最大似然选择对象在网格图上的幸存路径。
然而,在高阶正交幅度调制(英文:Quadrature Amplitude Modulation;简称:QAM)中,MLSE-VA算法的运算量随着系统阶数的增长会成指数增长,所以,检测发送序列的方法仍然运算量大,效率低。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种检测发送序列的方法、接收机和接收设备,用于简化 检测发送序列的算法,提高检测效率。
本申请第一方面提供了一种检测发送序列的方法,应用于接收机,包括:
确定接收到的码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值,N为正整数;
确定与所述N个最大可能候选值对应的状态序列为保留序列,获得N组保留序列;
对所述N组保留序列进行似然计算,将所述N组保留序列中与所述码元序列具有最大似然度的保留序列作为检测出的发送序列。
结合第一方面,在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中,所述确定码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值,具体包括:
i依次取1到N的整数,分别对第i个码元执行:
对所述第i个码元进行硬判决,获得第i码元判决值,所述第i个码元为所述N个码元中的一个码元;
根据所述第i个码元和所述第i码元判决值,计算获得第i个码元的I分量与第i码元判决值的I分量之间的第一欧式距离;
当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;或
当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
结合第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式,在第一方面的第二种可能的实 现方式中,在确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值,或将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值之后,所述方法还包括:
计算获得第i个码元的Q分量与第i码元判决值的Q分量之间的第二欧式距离;
当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的Q分量为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或
当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
结合第一方面,在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中,所述确定码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值,具体包括:
i依次取1到N的整数,分别对第i个码元执行:
对第i个码元的I分量和Q分量进行硬判决,获得第i个码元的I分量判决值和第i个码元的Q分量判决值,所述第i个码元为所述N个码元中的一个码元;
计算获得所述第i个码元的I分量和所述第i个码元的I分量判决值之间的第一欧式距离;
当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值;或
当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量 值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
结合第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式,在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中,在确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值,或将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值之后,所述方法还包括:
计算获得所述第i个码元的Q分量和所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值之间的第二欧式距离;
当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值为第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或
当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
结合第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式或第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式,在第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式中,所述确定码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值,还包括:
将所述第i个码元的I分量可能值和所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值进行组合,获得所述第i码元的最大可能候选值;
获得所述N个最大可能候选值。
本申请第二方面提供了一种接收机,包括:
接收模块,用于接收码元序列;
检测模块,与所述接收模块连接,用于确定码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值;确定与所述N个最大可 能候选值对应的状态序列为保留序列,获得N组保留序列;对所述N组保留序列进行似然计算,将所述N组保留序列中与所述码元序列具有最大似然度的保留序列作为检测出的发送序列。
结合第二方面,在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中,所述检测模块具体用于:
i依次取1到N的整数,分别对第i个码元执行:
对所述第i个码元进行硬判决,获得第i码元判决值,所述第i个码元为所述N个码元中的一个码元;
根据所述第i个码元和所述第i码元判决值,计算获得第i个码元的I分量与第i码元判决值的I分量之间的第一欧式距离;
当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;或
当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
结合第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式,在第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式中,所述检测模块还用于:
在确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值,或将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值之后,计算获得第i个码元的Q分量与第i码元判决值的Q分量之间的第二欧式距离;
当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的Q 分量为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或
当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
结合第二方面,在第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式中,所述检测模块具体用于:
i依次取1到N的整数,分别对第i个码元执行:
对第i个码元的I分量和Q分量进行硬判决,获得第i个码元的I分量判决值和第i个码元的Q分量判决值,所述第i个码元为所述N个码元中的一个码元;
计算获得所述第i个码元的I分量和所述第i个码元的I分量判决值之间的第一欧式距离;
当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值;或
当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
结合第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式,在第二方面的第四种可能的实现方式中,所述检测模块还用于:
在确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值,或将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值之后,计算获得所述第i个码元的Q分量和所 述第i个码元的Q分量判决值之间的第二欧式距离;
当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值为第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或
当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
结合第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式或第二方面的第四种可能的实现方式,在第二方面的第五种可能的实现方式中,所述检测模块还用于:
将所述第i个码元的I分量可能值和所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值进行组合,获得所述第i码元的最大可能候选值;
获得所述N个最大可能候选值。
本申请第三发明提供了一种接收设备,包括:
接收器,用于接收码元序列;
存储器,用于存储指令,所述指令包括:确定接收到的码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值,N为正整数;确定与所述N个最大可能候选值对应的状态序列为保留序列,获得N组保留序列;对所述N组保留序列进行似然计算,将所述N组保留序列中与所述码元序列具有最大似然度的保留序列作为检测出的发送序列;
处理器,用于执行所述指令。
结合第三方面,在第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式中,所述指令具体包括:
i依次取1到N的整数,分别对第i个码元执行:
对所述第i个码元进行硬判决,获得第i码元判决值,所述第i个码元为 所述N个码元中的一个码元;
根据所述第i个码元和所述第i码元判决值,计算获得第i个码元的I分量与第i码元判决值的I分量之间的第一欧式距离;
当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;或
当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
结合第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式,在第三方面的第二种可能的实现方式中,所述指令还包括:
在确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值,或将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值之后,计算获得第i个码元的Q分量与第i码元判决值的Q分量之间的第二欧式距离;
当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的Q分量为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或
当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
结合第三方面,在第三方面的第三种可能的实现方式中,所述指令具体包括:
i依次取1到N的整数,分别对第i个码元执行:
对第i个码元的I分量和Q分量进行硬判决,获得第i个码元的I分量判决值和第i个码元的Q分量判决值,所述第i个码元为所述N个码元中的一个码元;
计算获得所述第i个码元的I分量和所述第i个码元的I分量判决值之间的第一欧式距离;
当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值;或
当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
结合第三方面的第三种可能的实现方式,在第三方面的第四种可能的实现方式中,所述指令还包括:
在确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值,或将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值之后,计算获得所述第i个码元的Q分量和所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值之间的第二欧式距离;
当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值为第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或
当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
本发明实施例中提供的一个或多个技术方案,至少具有如下技术效果或 优点:
在本发明实施例中,确定接收到的码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值,N为正整数;确定与所述N个最大可能候选值对应的状态序列为保留序列,获得N组保留序列;对所述N组保留序列进行似然计算,将所述N组保留序列中与所述码元序列具有最大似然度的保留序列作为检测出的发送序列。所以,先将接收到的码元序列的每一个码元进行一次筛选,从每一个码元的可能候选值中获得最大可能候选值。最后仅对最大可能候选值对应的保留状态进行似然计算,从而确定出发送序列,而对不是最大可能候选值对应的状态序列不作计算。可见,与现有技术相比,本发明实施例提供的技术方案的运算量得到了降低,所以检测发送序列的效率获得了提高。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例中检测发送序列的方法流程图;
图2为本发明实施例中16QAM星座图和两个原始码元星座点示意图;
图3为本发明实施例中一星座点与I轴示意图;
图4为本发明实施例中接收机的结构示意图;
图5为本发明实施例中接收设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种检测发送序列的方法、接收机和接收设备,用于简化检测发送序列的算法,提高检测效率。
本发明实施例中的技术方案为解决上述的技术问题,本发明中检测发送 序列的方法包括如下内容:
在本发明实施例中,确定接收到的码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值,N为正整数;确定与所述N个最大可能候选值对应的状态序列为保留序列,获得N组保留序列;对所述N组保留序列进行似然计算,将所述N组保留序列中与所述码元序列具有最大似然度的保留序列作为检测出的发送序列。所以,先将接收到的码元序列的每一个码元进行一次筛选,从每一个码元的可能候选值中获得最大可能候选值。最后仅对最大可能候选值对应的保留状态进行似然计算,从而确定出发送序列,而对不是最大可能候选值对应的状态序列不作计算。可见,与现有技术相比,本发明实施例提供的技术方案的运算量得到了降低,所以检测发送序列的效率获得了提高。
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本文中术语“和/或”,仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如,A和/或B,可以表示:单独存在A,同时存在A和B,单独存在B这三种情况。另外,本文中字符“/”,一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
下面结合附图对本发明的实施方式进行详细说明。
本申请第一方面提供了一种检测发送序列的方法,请参考图1,所述方法包括:
S101:确定接收到的码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值。
S102:确定与所述N个最大可能候选值对应的状态序列为保留序列,获得N组保留序列。
S103:对所述N组保留序列进行似然计算,将所述N组保留序列中与所述码元序列具有最大似然度的保留序列作为检测出的发送序列。
具体来讲,在本申请所属的技术领域中,码元序列中包括N个码元,N为正整数,如1,30,392等。每一个码元由两个分量构成,即I分量和Q分量,以复数的形成表示。如码元a1的复数形式为-3+1j,则码元a1的I分量为-3,Q分量为1。而对于每一个码元,I分量的可能值和Q分量的可能值为有限的几个,例如16QAM系统中,仅有-3,-1,1和3四种。因此,一个码元的候选值的数量是有限的几种。如16QAM就共有16种,如图1所示,在星座图中,码元的16种候选值如图1中16个黑点所示。再如8QAM中,每个码元有8个候选值。由于16QAM和8QAM系统中每个码元的候选值为本领域公知常识,因此这里就不再将每个码元的多个候选值一一列举了。
所以,对于码元序列中的任一码元,在发送端发送的时候,实际发送的值,只有有限的几种可能。在这有限的几种可能中,每一个候选值的概率却不一定相同。
为了简化MLSE-VA算法的运算量,在S101中,首先确定码元序列中N个码元中每一个码元的最大可能候选值。在本发明实施例中,从码元的多个候选值中确定出最大可能候选值的方式将详细介绍两种,在具体实现过程中,包括但不限于以下两种。
第一种:
由于码元序列中包括多个码元,且对于每个码元的处理方式类似,因此为了方便说明,下面以第i个码元为例进行介绍。在第一种方式中,S101具体包括:
(11)对所述第i个码元进行硬判决,获得第i码元判决值。
(12)根据所述第i个码元和所述第i码元判决值,计算获得第i个码元的I分量与第i码元判决值的I分量之间的第一欧式距离。
(13)当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;或当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值。
(14)计算获得第i个码元的Q分量与第i码元判决值的Q分量之间的第二欧式距离。
(15)当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的Q分量为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
具体来讲,为了确定码元序列的第i个码元的最大可能候选值,在步骤(11)中,首先对第i个码元进行硬判决。在本发明实施例中,硬判决就是确定出原始码元的星座点在星座图中,距离最近的星座点的值。为了方便说明,下面以接收机为16QAM系统为例进行介绍。假设第i个码元的原始星座点p1为(-2,0.2),在星座图中的位置如图1所示,从星座图中,经计算,p1和(-1,1)点距离最近,那么p1点的判决值为-1+1j。
在本发明实施例中,上述获得第i码元判决值的过程具体为计算第i个码元的原始码元星座点与每一个星座点之间的欧式距离,距离最小的星座点就是距离码元原始星座点最近的星座点,而距离最小的星座点的值就是第i码元判决值。
接下来,在步骤(12)中,根据第i个码元和第i码元判决值,获得第i个码元I分量和第i码元判决值的I分量之间的第一欧式距离。在本发明实施例中,第一欧式距离也通过欧式距离计算法则来计算。例如p1点的I分量和判决值的I分量之间的第一欧式距离为:
Figure PCTCN2014093381-appb-000001
然后,在步骤(13)中,需要判断第一欧式距离与第一阈值的大小。其中,第一阈值为正数,如1,0.5,0.7等。第一阈值可以根据算法复杂度与性能需求进行设置,例如根据第一阈值为0.5检测发送序列的精度,就高于第一阈值为1时检测的精度。本申请所属领域的普通技术人员可以根据实际需要进行设置,本申请不做具体限制。
当第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定第i码元判决值的I分量为第i个码元的I分量可能值,而当第一欧式距离大于第一阈值时,则将星座图上16个星座点中,I分量与第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量作为码元的I分量可能值。
沿用上文中的例子来说明,假设此时的第一阈值为0.7,则第一欧式距离大于第一阈值。那么将星座图上16个星座点中,I分量与p1的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量,作为p1的I分量可能值。如图2和图3所示,p1点的I分量为-2,p1在I轴方向上介于-1和-3之间,与-1和-3均距离1个单元长度,所以,-1+1j和-3+1j就是与p1点I分量距离最近的2个星座 点。那么,将-1+1j和-3+1j的I分量作为p1点的I分量可能值,所以p1点的I分量可能值就为-1和-3。
星座图中包括多个星座点,如8QAM包括8个星座点,16QAM包括16个星座点。每个星座点表征了第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
下面执行步骤(14),获得第i个码元的Q分量和第i码元判决值的Q分量之间的第二欧式距离。在本发明实施例中,第二欧式距离和第一欧式距离类似,也通过欧式距离法则来计算。例如p1点的Q分量和判决值的Q分量之间的第二欧式距离为:
Figure PCTCN2014093381-appb-000002
然后,在步骤(15)中,需要判断第二欧式距离与第二阈值的大小。其中,第二阈值也为正数,如1,0.5,0.7等。第二阈值也可以根据算法复杂度与性能需求进行设置。并且,在具体实现过程中,第二阈值和第一阈值可以设置为相同值,也可以设置为不同值,对此本申请不做具体限制。
与对第i个码元I分量的处理类似,当第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定第i码元判决值的Q分量为第i个码元的Q分量可能值,而当第二欧式距离大于第二阈值时,则将星座图上16个星座点中,Q分量与第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量作为第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
沿用上文中的例子来说明,假设此时的第二阈值与第一阈值均为0.7,则第二欧式距离大于第二阈值。如图2所示,-1+1j、-3+1j、-1-1j和-3-1j是Q分量与p1点Q分量距离最近的4个星座点。那么,将这4个星座点的Q分量作为p1点的Q分量可能值,所以p1点的Q分量可能值就为1和-1。
当第一欧式距离大于第一阈值,且当第i个码元的I分量小于等于星座图 I轴上最小值,或大于等于I轴上最大值,此时第i个码元的I分量仅靠近I分量为I轴的最大值或最小值的星座点,那么第i个码元的I分量可能值只有一个;而当第i个码元的I分量介于I轴上的两个值之间时,那么第i个码元的I分量可能值就有两个。而当第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,第i个码元的I分量肯能值只可能是I分量判决值或判决值的I分量。第i个码元的Q分量可能值也类似。所以,第i个码元的I分量可能值或第i个码元的Q分量可能值的个数为1或2。
在具体实现过程中,步骤(12)-(13)和步骤(14)-(15),可以先执行步骤(12)-(13)再执行步骤(14)-(15),即先获得I分量可能取值,再获得Q分量可能取值。也可以先执行步骤(14)-(15)再执行步骤(12)-(13),即先获得Q分量可能取值,再获得I分量可能取值。还可以步骤(14)-(15)和步骤(12)-(13)同时执行,同时获得两个分量的可能值。本申请所属领域的技术人员可以根据实际进行选择,对此本申请不做具体限制。
第二种:
在第二种方式中,S101具体包括:
(21)对第i个码元的I分量和Q分量进行硬判决,获得第i个码元的I分量判决值和第i个码元的Q分量判决值。
(22)计算获得所述第i个码元的I分量和所述第i个码元的I分量判决值之间的第一欧式距离。
(23)当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值;或当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量 可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
(24)计算获得所述第i个码元的Q分量和所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值之间的第二欧式距离。
(25)当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值为第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
具体来讲,为了确定码元序列的第i个码元的最大可能候选值,在步骤(21)中,首先对第i个码元的I分量和Q分量进行硬判决。与第一种方式类似,硬判决就是确定出原始码元的星座点在星座图中,距离最近的星座点。不同的是,对第i个码元的I分量判决时,仅考虑星座点间I轴方向上的距离,对第i个码元的Q分量判决时,仅考虑星座点间Q轴方向上的距离。假设第i个码元的原始星座点p2(-2.88,-3.6)在星座图中的位置如图2所示。-2.88在I轴方向上,与-3最近,所以p2点的I分量判决值就为-3。同样,-3.6在Q轴方向上,与-3最近,所以p2点的Q分量判决值也为-3。
接下来,获得第i个码元的I分量判决值与第i个码元的I分量的第一欧式距离:
Figure PCTCN2014093381-appb-000003
以及第i个码元的Q分量判决值与第i个码元的Q分量的第二欧式距离:
Figure PCTCN2014093381-appb-000004
接下来,第二种方式和第一种方式类似,通过判断第一欧式距离和第一阈值之间的关系,以及第二欧式距离和第二阈值之间的关系来确定第i个码元 的I分量可能值和Q分量可能值。具体描述请参考第一种方式,这里就不再重复赘述了。
沿用p2为-2.88-3.6j的例子来说明。假设此时的第一阈值为0.5,第二阈值为0.7,那么第一欧式距离小于第一阈值,且第二欧式距离也小于第二阈值,所以,码元p2的I分量可能取值和Q分量可能取值均为-3。
在具体实现过程中,可以采用第一种方式来获得两个分量的可能取值,也可以采用第二种方式来获得两个分量的可能取值。本申请所属领域的普通技术人员可以根据实际需要进行设置,本申请不作限制。
进一步,在本发明实施例中,在获得了两个分量的可能取值后,S101还包括:
将所述第i个码元的I分量可能值和所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值进行组合,获得所述第i码元的最大可能候选值;
获得所述N个最大可能候选值。
具体来讲,原始码元以复数形式表示,所以,在得到第i个码元的I分量可能值和第i个码元的Q分量的可能值后,仍然按照复数的形式进行组合,就可以得到第i个码元的最大可能候选值,进而获得N个码元的最大可能候选值。
沿用上文中的例子来说明,码元p1的原始值为-2+0.2j,I分量的可能值为-1和-3,Q分量的可能值为1和-1,所以,码元p1的最大可能候选值有4个,分别为-1+1j,-1-1j,-3+1j和-3-1j。
码元p2的原始值为-2.88-3.6j,I分量的可能值为-3,Q分量的可能值为-3,所以,码元p1的最大可能候选值仅有1个,-3-3j。
在本发明实施例中,若两个分量的可能取值均为对应分量判决值或判决 值的分量,那么两个分量可能值组合后,第i码元的最大可能候选值仅为一个。若其中一个分量的可能取值为判决值,而另一个分量的可能取值为与第i个码元的该分量距离最近的一个星座点的该分量值,那么两个分量可能值组合后,第i码元的最大可能候选值也仅有一个。
当第i个码元的一个分量可能值为判决值,或者距离最近的一个星座点的分量值,而另一个分量则为距离最近的两个星座点的分量值,两个分量可能值组合后,第i码元的最大可能候选值有两个。
当第i个码元的一个分量可能值为判决值,或者距离最近的一个星座点的分量值,而另一个分量则为距离最近的三个星座点的分量值(例如接收机为8QAM系统),两个分量可能值组合后,第i码元的最大可能候选值有三个。
最后,当两个分量的可能值均有两个时,两个分量可能值组合后第i码元的最大可能候选就有四个。
获得每一个码元的最大可能候选值后,进而可获得N个最大可能候选值。
接下来,在S102中,确定与N个最大可能候选值对应的状态序列为保留序列,进而获得N组保留序列。具体来讲,由于每个码元有多种取值可能,例如16QAM中,每一个码元有16种取值可能,每一个取值可能都会对应多个状态,因此,所有码元的可能取值对应着大量的状态。在本发明实施例中,为了简化MLSE-VA的运算量,仅将与N个最大可能候选值对应的状态序列为保留,作为保留序列,而对于不是最大可能候选值对应的状态序列,在后续计算中,将不再处理。
例如对于包括码元p1的码元序列,通过S101获得p1的最大可能候选值为-1+1j,-1-1j,-3+1j或-3-1j,在S102中,仅将-1+1j,-1-1j,-3+1j或-3-1j对应的状态序列保留,作为保留序列。而将p1的其他可能取值,-3+3j、-1+3j、 1+3j、3+3j、1+1j、3+1j、1-1j、3-1j、-3-3j、-1-3j、1-3j和3+3j对应的所有状态序列删除,后续不再考虑或计算。
码元序列中除了码元p1,还包括其他码元。每一个码元都进行上述处理,仅保留每一个码元最大可能候选值对应的状态序列作为保留序列。所以,经过这样的处理,在S103中进行似然计算时,仅针对保留序列。所以与现有技术中,对全部的状态序列进行似然计算,运算量得到了减少。
在S103中,对N组保留序列进行似然计算,获得保留序列与码元序列的似然度。最后,在N组保留序列中,根据各组保留序列与码元系列的似然度,将与码元序列具有最大似然度的一组保留序列作为检测到的发送序列。
S103中进行似然计算的具体过程与现有技术类似,此处就不再一一赘述了。
进一步,在S103进行似然计算时,为了减小S101中判决值的误差对结果造成的影响,还需要将似然结果乘以对应的权重因子。具体来讲,权重因子根据第一欧式距离和第二欧式距离来确定。第一欧式距离和第二欧式距离越大,权重因子越小;第一欧式距离和第二欧式距离越小,权重因子越大。例如,对于前文中的码元p1,第一欧式距离为1,第二欧式距离都不超过0.8时,1和0.8都比较大,所以,码元p1的最大可能候选值对应的保留状态的似然结果可以乘以例如0.1、0.2等较小的权重因子;码元p2的第一欧式距离和第二欧式距离分区为0.12和0.6,比较偏小,所以对应的权重因子可以选择0.5、0.8或1等。
在具体实现过程中,本领域技术人员可以根据预设规则设置权重因子。例如欧式距离在0到1的范围内,权重因子设为1;在1-3的欧式距离内,权重因子设为0.5;在3-6的欧式距离内,权重因子设为0.1;在6的欧式距离内, 权重因子设为0.01等,对此本申请不做具体限制。
本申请第二方面提供了一种接收机,如图4所示,包括:
接收模块201,用于接收码元序列;
检测模块202,与检测模块202连接,用于确定码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值;确定与所述N个最大可能候选值对应的状态序列为保留序列,获得N组保留序列;对所述N组保留序列进行似然计算,将所述N组保留序列中与所述码元序列具有最大似然度的保留序列作为检测出的发送序列。
进一步,本发明实施例中,接收机还可以包括预处理器模块203,接收模块201和检测模块202通过所述预处理模块203连接。预处理模块203用于对码元序列进行预处理,包括但不限于数模转换、均衡处理、滤波等。
在本发明实施例中,获得N个最大可能侯选值的实现方式有两种,那么检测模块202也有两种实现方式。
第一种:检测模块202具体用于:
i依次取1到N的整数,分别对第i个码元执行:
对第i个码元进行硬判决,获得第i码元判决值,所述第i个码元为所述N个码元中的一个码元;
根据第i个码元和所述第i码元判决值,计算获得第i个码元的I分量与第i码元判决值的I分量之间的第一欧式距离;
当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;或
当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量 值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
进一步,检测模块202还用于:
在确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值,或将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值之后,计算获得第i个码元的Q分量与第i码元判决值的Q分量之间的第二欧式距离;
当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的Q分量为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或
当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
第二种:检测模块202具体用于:
i依次取1到N的整数,分别对第i个码元执行:
对第i个码元的I分量和Q分量进行硬判决,获得第i个码元的I分量判决值和第i个码元的Q分量判决值,所述第i个码元为所述N个码元中的一个码元;
计算获得所述第i个码元的I分量和所述第i个码元的I分量判决值之间的第一欧式距离;
当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值;或
当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量 值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
进一步,检测模块202还用于:
在确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值,或将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值之后,计算获得所述第i个码元的Q分量和所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值之间的第二欧式距离;
当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值为第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或
当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
可选的,无论以上述那种实施方式对第i个码元进行处理,检测模块202还用于:
将所述第i个码元的I分量可能值和所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值进行组合,获得所述第i码元的最大可能候选值;
获得所述N个最大可能候选值。
本申请第三方面提供了一种接收设备,如图5所示,包括:
接收器301,用于接收码元序列;
存储器302,用于存储指令,所述指令包括:确定接收到的码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值,N为正整数;确定与所述N个最大可能候选值对应的状态序列为保留序列,获得N组保留序列;对所述N组保留序列进行似然计算,将所述N组保留序列中与所 述码元序列具有最大似然度的保留序列作为检测出的发送序列;
处理器303,用于执行所述指令。
可选的,所述指令具体包括:
i依次取1到N的整数,分别对第i个码元执行:
对第i个码元进行硬判决,获得第i码元判决值,所述第i个码元为所述N个码元中的一个码元;
根据第i个码元和所述第i码元判决值,计算获得第i个码元的I分量与第i码元判决值的I分量之间的第一欧式距离;
当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;或
当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
进一步,还包括:在确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值,或将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值之后,计算获得第i个码元的Q分量与第i码元判决值的Q分量之间的第二欧式距离;
当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的Q分量为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或
当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
可选的,所述指令包括:
i依次取1到N的整数,分别对第i个码元执行:
对第i个码元的I分量和Q分量进行硬判决,获得第i个码元的I分量判决值和第i个码元的Q分量判决值,所述第i个码元为所述N个码元中的一个码元;
计算获得所述第i个码元的I分量和所述第i个码元的I分量判决值之间的第一欧式距离;
当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值;或
当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
进一步,还包括:在确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值,或将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值之后,计算获得所述第i个码元的Q分量和所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值之间的第二欧式距离;
当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值为第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或
当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
其中,在图5中,总线架构(用总线300来代表),总线300可以包括任 意数量的互联的总线和桥,总线300将包括由处理器303代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器302代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线接口304在总线300和接收器301之间提供接口。总线300还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起,这些都是本领域所公知的,因此,本文不再对其进行进一步描述。
处理器303负责管理总线300和通常的处理,而存储器302可以被用于存储处理器303在执行操作时所使用的数据。
前述实施例中描述的检测发送序列过程的各种变化方式和具体实例同样适用于本实施例的接收设备,通过前述对检测发送序列和接收机执行过程的详细描述,本领域技术人员可以清楚的知道本实施例中接收设备的实施方法,所以为了说明书的简洁,在此不再详述。
本发明实施例中提供的一个或多个技术方案,至少具有如下技术效果或优点:
在本发明实施例中,确定接收到的码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值,N为正整数;确定与所述N个最大可能候选值对应的状态序列为保留序列,获得N组保留序列;对所述N组保留序列进行似然计算,将所述N组保留序列中与所述码元序列具有最大似然度的保留序列作为检测出的发送序列。所以,先将接收到的码元序列的每一个码元进行一次筛选,从每一个码元的可能候选值中获得最大可能候选值。最后仅对最大可能候选值对应的保留状态进行似然计算,从而确定出发送序列,而对不是最大可能候选值对应的状态序列不作计算。可见,与现有技术相比,本发明实施例提供的技术方案的运算量得到了降低,所以检测发送序列的效率获得了提高。
本领域内的技术人员应明白,本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此,本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且,本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器和光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器,使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中,使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品,该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上,使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理,从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本 发明的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种检测发送序列的方法,应用于接收机,其特征在于,包括:
    确定接收到的码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值,N为正整数;
    确定与所述N个最大可能候选值对应的状态序列为保留序列,获得N组保留序列;
    对所述N组保留序列进行似然计算,将所述N组保留序列中与所述码元序列具有最大似然度的保留序列作为检测出的发送序列。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值,具体包括:
    i依次取1到N的整数,分别对第i个码元执行:
    对所述第i个码元进行硬判决,获得第i码元判决值,所述第i个码元为所述N个码元中的一个码元;
    根据所述第i个码元和所述第i码元判决值,计算获得第i个码元的I分量与第i码元判决值的I分量之间的第一欧式距离;
    当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;或
    当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,在确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值,或将与所述第i个码元的I分量 距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值之后,所述方法还包括:
    计算获得第i个码元的Q分量与第i码元判决值的Q分量之间的第二欧式距离;
    当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的Q分量为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或
    当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值,具体包括:
    i依次取1到N的整数,分别对第i个码元执行:
    对第i个码元的I分量和Q分量进行硬判决,获得第i个码元的I分量判决值和第i个码元的Q分量判决值,所述第i个码元为所述N个码元中的一个码元;
    计算获得所述第i个码元的I分量和所述第i个码元的I分量判决值之间的第一欧式距离;
    当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值;或
    当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,在确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值,或将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值之后,所述方法还包括:
    计算获得所述第i个码元的Q分量和所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值之间的第二欧式距离;
    当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值为第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或
    当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
  6. 如权利要求3或5所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值,还包括:
    将所述第i个码元的I分量可能值和所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值进行组合,获得所述第i码元的最大可能候选值;
    获得所述N个最大可能候选值。
  7. 一种接收机,其特征在于,包括:
    接收模块,用于接收码元序列;
    检测模块,与所述接收模块连接,用于确定码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值;确定与所述N个最大可能候选值对应的状态序列为保留序列,获得N组保留序列;对所述N组保留序列进行似然计算,将所述N组保留序列中与所述码元序列具有最大似然度的保留序列作为检测出的发送序列。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的接收机,其特征在于,所述检测模块具体用于:
    i依次取1到N的整数,分别对第i个码元执行:
    对所述第i个码元进行硬判决,获得第i码元判决值,所述第i个码元为所述N个码元中的一个码元;
    根据所述第i个码元和所述第i码元判决值,计算获得第i个码元的I分量与第i码元判决值的I分量之间的第一欧式距离;
    当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;或
    当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的接收机,其特征在于,所述检测模块还用于:
    在确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值,或将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值之后,计算获得第i个码元的Q分量与第i码元判决值的Q分量之间的第二欧式距离;
    当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的Q分量为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或
    当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的接收机,其特征在于,所述检测模块具体用于:
    i依次取1到N的整数,分别对第i个码元执行:
    对第i个码元的I分量和Q分量进行硬判决,获得第i个码元的I分量判决值和第i个码元的Q分量判决值,所述第i个码元为所述N个码元中的一个码元;
    计算获得所述第i个码元的I分量和所述第i个码元的I分量判决值之间的第一欧式距离;
    当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值;或
    当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的接收机,其特征在于,所述检测模块还用于:
    在确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值,或将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值之后,计算获得所述第i个码元的Q分量和所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值之间的第二欧式距离;
    当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值为第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或
    当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
  12. 如权利要求9或11所述的接收机,其特征在于,所述检测模块还用 于:
    将所述第i个码元的I分量可能值和所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值进行组合,获得所述第i码元的最大可能候选值;
    获得所述N个最大可能候选值。
  13. 一种接收设备,其特征在于,包括:
    接收器,用于接收码元序列;
    存储器,用于存储指令,所述指令包括:确定接收到的码元序列的N个码元中每个码元的最大可能候选值,获得N个最大可能侯选值,N为正整数;确定与所述N个最大可能候选值对应的状态序列为保留序列,获得N组保留序列;对所述N组保留序列进行似然计算,将所述N组保留序列中与所述码元序列具有最大似然度的保留序列作为检测出的发送序列;
    处理器,用于执行所述指令。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的设备,其特征在于,所述指令具体包括:
    i依次取1到N的整数,分别对第i个码元执行:
    对所述第i个码元进行硬判决,获得第i码元判决值,所述第i个码元为所述N个码元中的一个码元;
    根据所述第i个码元和所述第i码元判决值,计算获得第i个码元的I分量与第i码元判决值的I分量之间的第一欧式距离;
    当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;或
    当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每 个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值;
  15. 如权利要求14所述的设备,其特征在于,所述指令还包括:
    在确定所述第i码元判决值的I分量为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值,或将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值之后,计算获得第i个码元的Q分量与第i码元判决值的Q分量之间的第二欧式距离;
    当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i码元判决值的Q分量为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或
    当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
  16. 如权利要求13所述的设备,其特征在于,所述指令具体包括:
    i依次取1到N的整数,分别对第i个码元执行:
    对第i个码元的I分量和Q分量进行硬判决,获得第i个码元的I分量判决值和第i个码元的Q分量判决值,所述第i个码元为所述N个码元中的一个码元;
    计算获得所述第i个码元的I分量和所述第i个码元的I分量判决值之间的第一欧式距离;
    当所述第一欧式距离小于等于第一阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值;或
    当所述第一欧式距离大于所述第一阈值时,根据所述第i个码元所对应的星座图,将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值;所述星座图上具有多个星座点,每 个星座点表征所述第i个码元的一个可能候选值。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的设备,其特征在于,所述指令还包括:
    在确定所述第i个码元的I分量判决值为第i个码元的I分量可能值,或将与所述第i个码元的I分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的I分量值,作为所述第i个码元的I分量可能值之后,计算获得所述第i个码元的Q分量和所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值之间的第二欧式距离;
    当所述第二欧式距离小于等于第二阈值时,确定所述第i个码元的Q分量判决值为第i个码元的Q分量可能值;或
    当所述第二欧式距离大于所述第二阈值时,根据所述星座图,将与所述第i个码元的Q分量距离最近的1个或2个星座点的Q分量值,作为所述第i个码元的Q分量可能值。
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