WO2016086680A1 - 水净化装置 - Google Patents

水净化装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016086680A1
WO2016086680A1 PCT/CN2015/085724 CN2015085724W WO2016086680A1 WO 2016086680 A1 WO2016086680 A1 WO 2016086680A1 CN 2015085724 W CN2015085724 W CN 2015085724W WO 2016086680 A1 WO2016086680 A1 WO 2016086680A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
water
hole
pressure
water flow
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/085724
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苏培鑫
Original Assignee
深圳市博儒环境技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市博儒环境技术有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市博儒环境技术有限公司
Priority to JP2017529087A priority Critical patent/JP2018501087A/ja
Priority to BR112017011675A priority patent/BR112017011675A2/pt
Priority to CA2969354A priority patent/CA2969354A1/en
Priority to EP15865247.9A priority patent/EP3228596A4/en
Priority to US15/531,534 priority patent/US20170326477A1/en
Publication of WO2016086680A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016086680A1/zh
Priority to IL252546A priority patent/IL252546A0/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/02—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration
    • B01D24/10—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration the filtering material being held in a closed container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D15/00—Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents; Apparatus therefor
    • B01D15/08—Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/02—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration
    • B01D24/10—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof with the filter bed stationary during the filtration the filtering material being held in a closed container
    • B01D24/18—Combined upward and downward filtration
    • B01D24/183—Combined upward and downward filtration the filtering material being supported by pervious surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/38—Feed or discharge devices
    • B01D24/40—Feed or discharge devices for feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
    • B01D24/38—Feed or discharge devices
    • B01D24/42—Feed or discharge devices for discharging filtrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C02F1/004—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance using large scale industrial sized filters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/152—Water filtration

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of water treatment, and in particular to a water purification device.
  • the treatment of sewage is often filtered to remove large particles of particulate matter in the sewage, for example, by removing the sediment from the sewage by a mixture of activated carbon and quartz sand.
  • the existing sewage treatment device does not have a good effect on the removal of floating matter in the sewage, such as oil stains or other floating organic matter in the water.
  • the floating material is often clogged in the filter material after being filtered by the filter material, which causes the filter material to be contaminated and difficult to remove the contaminant, which causes secondary pollution of the water.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a water purification device, which aims to solve the problem that the prior water purification device has a poor filtering effect on floating objects in water.
  • a water purification device includes a first pressure cylinder, a second pressure cylinder, a first cylinder body and a second cylinder block, and the first pressure cylinder and the second cylinder The cylinder block and the second pressure cylinder are connected in sequence, and the first cylinder block is received in the second cylinder;
  • the opposite ends of the first cylinder block are open and disposed in a hollow shape, and the first cylinder block is used for arranging filter material for filtering water; the opposite ends of the second cylinder block are open and hollow;
  • the first pressure cylinder includes a first water flow end and a first water discharge end, the first water flow end is provided with an opening water supply flow, the first drain end is provided with a first through hole water supply flow; and the second pressure cylinder is The second water flow end and the second water discharge end are disposed in a hollow manner, the second water flow end is provided with an opening water supply flow, and the second water discharge end is provided with a second through hole water supply flow;
  • the first water flow end is connected to one end of the second cylinder, the other end of the second cylinder is connected to the second water flow end, and the first water flow is formed between the first cylinder and the second cylinder a passage, the first water flow passage is in communication with the first pressure cylinder and the second pressure cylinder; an outer wall of the second cylinder body is provided with a water inlet communicating with the first water flow passage; the second cylinder body The outlet wall is further provided with an outlet pipe communicating with the first cylinder;
  • the first through hole is in a closed state, and the second through hole is in an open state; when the device is drained, the first through hole and the second through hole are both opened.
  • a first connecting member for connecting the first cylinder block and the second cylinder block to the first pressure cylinder is further disposed between the second cylinder block and the first pressure cylinder, a first air guiding hole for communicating the first water flow channel with the first pressure cylinder, and a first portion for communicating the first cylinder with the first pressure cylinder Two diversion holes.
  • the first connecting member includes a first connecting plate, and the first connecting plate defines a through hole, and a circumference of the through hole extends first in a direction away from a board surface of the first connecting board.
  • a first cylindrical baffle having a first baffle covering the port of the first annular cylindrical body, the first baffle plate being disposed at an end of the first annular cylindrical body away from the first connecting plate
  • the second air guiding hole is disposed, and a circumference of the second air guiding hole extends in a direction away from a board surface of the first baffle to form a second annular cylinder, and the second annular cylinder
  • the first guide hole is disposed on the first first baffle, and the first annular column is located between the first connecting plate and the second annular column, the first circle
  • the diameter of the annular cylinder is larger than the diameter of the second annular cylinder.
  • the first annular cylinder is perpendicular to the first connecting plate, and the second annular cylindrical body is perpendicular to the first baffle.
  • the second annular cylinder is disposed at a side away from the first baffle with a second baffle covering the port of the second annular cylinder, and the second baffle is provided with an increase Pressing holes.
  • the first water flow end is provided with a first reinforcement member for connecting with the first connecting member at a position corresponding to the outer wall of the first pressure cylinder.
  • a second connecting member for connecting the second cylinder to the second cylinder is further disposed between the second cylinder and the second cylinder, and the second connecting member is A third air guiding hole for communicating the first water flow passage and the first cylinder, and a fourth air guiding hole for communicating with the first cylinder are opened.
  • the second water flow end is provided with a second reinforcement member for connecting with the second connecting member at a position corresponding to the outer wall of the second pressure cylinder.
  • the first cylinder is provided with two partitions, and the partition is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the partition divides the inner cavity of the first cylinder into a first cylinder a first filter area, a temporary storage area, and a second filter area disposed radially, wherein the outlet pipe communicates with the temporary storage area through an outer wall of the second cylinder.
  • the first through hole is provided with a first drain pipe
  • the second through hole is inserted with a second drain pipe
  • the first drain pipe and the second drain pipe are respectively provided with a water flow regulating valve.
  • the water purification device of the invention realizes sufficient filtration of the water to be purified under the pressure of the first pressure cylinder and the second pressure cylinder; discharges the floating matter in the water, thereby improving the strength of the water purification; reducing the floating matter
  • the degree of contamination of the filter material greatly increases the service life of the filter material and reduces the cost of water purification.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing an embodiment of a water purification device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first pressure cylinder of the water purification device of FIG. 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of a second pressure cylinder of the water purification device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the first connecting member of the water purifying device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a second connecting member of the water purifying device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a side plan view showing the water purification device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 7 is a plan view showing a plan view of another view of the water purification device of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional structural view showing an embodiment of the water purification device of Figure 7 taken along line A-A;
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional structural view showing an embodiment of the water purification device of Figure 7 disposed along the line A-A of the first cylinder;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of Figure 7 taken along line A-A, wherein the direction of the arrow represents the direction of water flow during water purification.
  • the water purification apparatus includes a first cylinder 10, a first cylinder 11 (see Figure 8), a second cylinder 12, and a second Pressure cylinder 13.
  • the first cylinder 10, the second cylinder 12, and the second cylinder 13 are sequentially connected, and the first cylinder 11 is housed in the second cylinder 12.
  • the first pressure cylinder 10 includes a first water flow end 104 and a first drain end 102.
  • the first water flow end 104 is disposed opposite to the first drain end 102, and the first water flow end 104 has an open water supply flow.
  • the first drain end 102 is provided with a first through hole 101 for water supply flow .
  • the first cylinder block 11 is open at both ends and is provided in a hollow cylindrical shape.
  • the second cylinder block 12 is open at both ends and is disposed in a hollow cylindrical shape.
  • the second pressure cylinder 13 includes a second water flow end 134 and a second drain end 133.
  • the second water flow end 134 is disposed opposite to the second drain end 133, and the second water flow end 134 has an open water supply flow.
  • the second drain end 133 is provided with a second through hole 131 for supplying water.
  • the first water flow end 104 is connected to one end of the second cylinder block 12, and the other end of the second cylinder block 12 is connected to the second water flow end 134.
  • the first cylinder block 11 is fixedly mounted in the second cylinder block 12, and a first water flow channel 123 is formed between the first cylinder block 11 and the second cylinder block 12, and the first water flow channel 123 and the
  • the first pressure cylinder 10 and the second pressure cylinder 13 are in communication;
  • the outer wall of the second cylinder block 12 is provided with a water inlet 121 communicating with the first water flow passage 123; the outer wall of the water purification device is also inserted and
  • the water inlet 121 is disposed opposite to the water outlet pipe 122.
  • the first through hole 101 is in a closed state, and the second through hole 131 is in an open state; when the device is ready to discharge, the first through hole 101 and the second through hole 131 are all open.
  • the water purification device is vertically placed when filtering, that is, the first pressure cylinder 10 is located at the bottom of the water purification device, and the second pressure cylinder 13 is located at the top of the water purification device, when to be evolved
  • the first pressure cylinder 10 When water enters the first water flow passage 123 from the water inlet 121, the water to be purified first enters the first pressure cylinder 10, and as the water to be purified gradually increases, the water level gradually rises, and the water to be purified is under water pressure.
  • the pressure of the first pressure cylinder 10 is gradually pressed into the filter material in the first cylinder 11 (for example, a mixture of activated carbon and quartz sand), and the water to be purified is filtered through the filter material from the The outlet pipe 122 is discharged.
  • the first through hole 101 When filtering, the first through hole 101 is first closed, and the water level of the water to be purified in the first water flow passage 123 is gradually increased until it rises into the second pressure cylinder 13, and then discharged through the second through hole 131.
  • first part of the sediment or other large particulate impurities in the water to be purified is deposited on the one hand by gravity on the bottom of the first cylinder 10, and on the other hand, due to filtration of the filter material, the water to be purified
  • the unprecipitated sediment is blocked from remaining in the first pressure cylinder 10, and the unprecipitated impurities and the precipitated sediment can be discharged by opening the first through hole 101; secondly, because the floating matter in the water to be purified is in the water body
  • the surface of the water to be purified may be discharged through the second through hole 131 when the water level in the first water flow path 123 rises to the second pressure cylinder 13.
  • the water purification device of the present invention under the pressure of the first pressure cylinder 10 and the second pressure cylinder 13, discharges large particles of sediment such as sediment from the water to be purified from the first through hole 101, and the water to be purified.
  • the floating object is discharged from the second through hole 131 to achieve sufficient filtration of the water to be purified, thereby improving the strength of the water purification; the water purification device also reduces the pollution degree of the floating material on the filter material, and greatly improves the service life of the filter material. , reducing the cost of water purification treatment.
  • first connecting member 14 is disposed, and the first connecting member 14 is provided with a first guiding hole 1431 for communicating the first water flow passage 123 with the first pressure cylinder 10, and for the A second flow guiding hole (not shown) of the first cylinder 11 in communication with the first pressure cylinder 10.
  • the first connecting member 14 includes a first connecting plate 141, and a through hole is defined in the first connecting plate 141, and a circumference of the through hole faces a direction away from a board surface of the first connecting board 141.
  • a first annular column 142 is extended.
  • the first annular column 142 is disposed at an end of the first connecting plate 141 and is provided with a first baffle covering the port of the first annular column 142.
  • the first baffle 143 is provided with the second air guiding hole, and the circumference of the second air guiding hole extends toward the second annular column in a direction away from a board surface of the first baffle 143
  • the first baffle 143 on the periphery of the second annular column 144 is further provided with the first guiding hole 1431, and the first annular column 142 is located at the first connection Between the plate 141 and the second annular cylinder 144, the diameter of the first annular cylinder 142 is larger than the diameter of the second annular cylinder 144 .
  • the first annular column 142 is perpendicular to the first connecting plate 141, and preferably the second annular column 144 is perpendicular to the first baffle 143.
  • the first connecting plate 141 covers the first water flow end 104 of the first pressure cylinder 10 and is fixedly connected (eg, screwed) to the first pressure cylinder 10, and the first cylinder 11 is sleeved.
  • a second annular cylinder 144 and the first cylinder 11 is sealingly connected to the second annular cylinder 144; the second cylinder 12 is sleeved with the first annular cylinder 142, and The two cylinder block 12 is sealingly connected to the first annular cylinder 142. This strengthens the connection tightness between the first cylinder block 11 and the second cylinder block 12 and the first pressure cylinder 10.
  • a second baffle 145 that covers the port of the second annular column 144 is disposed at an end of the second annular column 144 away from the first baffle 143, and the second baffle A booster hole 1451 is opened on the 145.
  • the filter material itself has a relatively large resistance to water flow, in order to increase the rate of water filtration, in the present embodiment, water can be more easily pressed into the filter material by providing the pressurizing hole 1451.
  • the first pressure cylinder 10 the first through hole 101 is in a closed or partially closed state
  • water to be purified is gradually pressed into the filter material from the first water flow end 104 by the first pressure cylinder 10, in the same Under pressure conditions, the opening area of the water flowing into the filter material is reduced, which is equivalent to increasing the pressure of the water flowing into the filter material, so that the water flow can more easily enter the filter material, thereby improving the treatment intensity and efficiency of the water.
  • the first water flow end 104 is provided with a first reinforcement member 103 for connection with the first connecting member 14 at a position corresponding to the outer wall of the first pressure cylinder 10.
  • the first water flow end 104 is disposed at a position corresponding to the outer wall of the first pressure cylinder 10.
  • the first reinforcement member 103 is screwed to the connecting member 14.
  • the first pressure cylinder 10 and the first connecting member 14 are screwed to the screw holes 1411 in FIG. 4 through the screw holes 1031 in FIG.
  • a second connecting member for connecting the second cylinder 12 and the second cylinder 13 is further disposed between the second cylinder 12 and the second cylinder 13
  • the second connecting member 15 is provided with a third guiding hole 153 for communicating with the first water flow passage 123 and a fourth guiding hole 151 for communicating with the first cylinder 11 .
  • the second water flow end 134 is sleeved with a second reinforcement member 132 for connection with the second connecting member 15 at a position corresponding to the outer wall of the second pressure cylinder 13 .
  • a screw hole 135 is disposed on the second reinforcing member 132.
  • a screw hole 152 is disposed at a periphery of the third air guiding hole 153 of the second connecting member 15; the second pressure cylinder 13 is The second connecting member 15 is connected through the screw hole 135 and the screw hole 152 through the same screw.
  • the outlet pipe 122 communicates with the first cylinder 11 through the second cylinder 12 .
  • a filter material a mixture of quartz sand and activated carbon, activated carbon
  • activated carbon a second water flow passage 201 is formed between the filter material 20 and the inside of the first cylinder block 11. Since the filter material 20 filters water from both ends of the filter material 20 into the water to be purified, the water is filtered, discharged from the outer peripheral wall of the filter material 20, and enters the second water flow channel 201, and then It is discharged through the outlet pipe 122.
  • the first cylinder 11 is provided with two partitions 110, and the partition 110 is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes, and the partition 110 is disposed inside the first cylinder 11.
  • the cavity is partitioned into a first filter region 111, a temporary storage region 113, and a second filter region 112 disposed along a radial direction of the first cylinder block 11, and the outlet pipe 122 passes through the outer wall of the second cylinder block 12 and the The temporary storage area 113 is connected.
  • the two partitions 110 are disposed to divide the first cylinder 11 into a first filter region 111, a temporary storage region 113, and a second filter region 112 disposed along the radial direction of the first cylinder 11.
  • the first filter region 111 and the second filter region 113 are each added with a filter material (mixture of quartz sand and activated carbon, activated carbon), and the water flow is filtered through the first filter region 111 and the second filter region 112 to enter the temporary storage region 113.
  • the water in the temporary storage area 113 is discharged through the water outlet pipe 122.
  • the filter material in the second concern area 112 is gradually blocked, thereby losing the filtering function, and it can be replaced at this time.
  • the filter material in the first filter region 111 may be gradually contaminated (of course, the filter material in the first filter region 111 is used in a relatively large period of time relative to a conventional water purification device. It can be replaced in this case to avoid secondary pollution after water filtration.
  • the cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of the first cylinder 10 parallel to the end surface of the first water flow end 10 gradually decreases from the first water flow end 104 toward the first drain end 102.
  • the inner cavity of the first pressure cylinder 10 may be provided in various shapes, such as a square shape, a cylindrical shape, or the like.
  • the cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of the first pressure cylinder 10 parallel to the end surface of the first water flow end 104 in the present embodiment is from the The water flow end 104 gradually decreases toward the first drain end 102 such that impurities in the water to be purified are discharged through the first through hole 101 of the first pressure cylinder 10 after being filtered.
  • This arrangement of the first cylinder 10 does not form a dead angle at the bottom of the first cylinder 10, and impurities are not deposited at the bottom in the first cylinder 10.
  • the cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of the second cylinder 13 parallel to the end surface of the second water flow end 134 gradually decreases from the second water flow end 134 toward the second drain end 133.
  • the top of the second pressure cylinder 13 is provided with a second through hole 131 for discharging the floating object, if the top of the inner cavity of the second pressure cylinder 13 is flush, a part of the floating matter cannot be directly excluded, and If it is accumulated, excessive accumulation may cause the second through hole 131 to be blocked.
  • the cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of the second cylinder 13 parallel to the end surface of the second water flow end 134 gradually decreases from the second water flow end 134 toward the second drain end 133, for example,
  • the inner cavity of the second pressure cylinder 13 may be provided in a tapered shape, and the smooth inner wall of the second pressure cylinder 13 serves as a guide when the floating matter is discharged, and the floating object can be quickly discharged.
  • first through hole 101 is inserted with a first drain pipe
  • second through hole 131 is inserted with a second drain pipe
  • the first drain pipe is installed with a first valve
  • the second drain pipe is installed. There is a second valve.
  • the rate of water treatment can be controlled by adjusting the first valve and the second valve, and the pressure inside the water purification device can be controlled by adjusting the first valve and the second valve.
  • the water in the north of China contains more sediment.
  • the second valve can be adjusted to speed up the sewage discharge rate in the first pressure cylinder 10.
  • the salt content in the coastal area is relatively high.
  • the first valve and the second valve can be adjusted to reduce the discharge rate of the first pressure cylinder 10 and the second pressure cylinder 13, and the The overall pressure inside the water purification device is such that the filtration rate of the water to be purified is increased.
  • the water purification device After the water to be purified enters the water inlet 121 of the water purification device, under the pressure of the water inlet pressure and the pressure of the first pressure cylinder 10 and the second pressure cylinder 13, the water purification device is adjusted by the pressure of the bottom and the top, and the mud in the water Sand, sludge, stains, particulate matter, colloids are separated by a mixture of quartz sand and activated carbon, activated carbon, and then precipitated into the sewage outlet of the first pressure cylinder 10 of the cone, and the treated water flows out of the water purification port by isolating impurities. Becomes clean water. After testing, the water purification device purifies water to remove sediment, colloid and other particles with large impurities, the decontamination rate is as high as 80%, and the removal rate of oil stains reaches 100%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)

Abstract

一种水净化装置，包括第一压力缸（10）、第二压力缸（13）、第一缸体（11）及第二缸体（12），其中第一压力缸（10）、第二缸体（12）及第二压力缸（13）自下而上依次设置，第一缸体（11）设置于第二缸体（12）内；第一压力缸（10）及第二压力缸（13）均为一端开口，另一端开设有通孔（101、131），四周封闭；第一缸体（11）及第二缸体（12）均两端开口，且呈中空筒状设置；第二缸体（12）开设有与第一缸体（11）和第二缸体（12）之间形成第一水流通道（123）连通的进水口（121）；所述第二缸体（12）的外壁插设有与第一缸体（11）连通的出水管（122）。该水净化装置在第一压力缸（10）和第二压力缸（13）的压力作用下，提高了水处理的能力和过滤材料的使用寿命，降低了净化成本。

Description

水净化装置
技术领域
本发明涉及水处理领域，尤其涉及一种水净化装置。
背景技术
我国是一个水资源严重缺乏的国家，水资源的缺乏严重影响了人们的生活状况。近年来，城乡生活污水问题突出，许多城市居民生活污水汇入排污管网集中处理，但由于经济、社会发展不平衡，部分城镇以及广大农村地区并没有建设污水管网，居民生活污水排放正处于无序状态，直排、乱排现象普遍，导致部分河流水流恶化，对水体污染的贡献率正逐年上升，若长期以往，必将严重危害人民群众的身体健康，因此，为了减轻污水处理的压力，人们不得不加大污水的处理力度。
对污水的处理往往先要过滤除去污水中的颗粒较大的物质，如，通过活性炭和石英砂的混合物去除污水中的泥沙。但是现有的污水处理装置对污水中的漂浮物去除效果不好，如水中的油渍或其他漂浮的有机物等。漂浮物经过过滤材料过滤后往往会堵塞于过滤材料中，导致过滤材料被污染，且难以去除污染物，这就会造成水的二次污染。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种水净化装置，旨在解决现有的水净化装置对水中的漂浮物过滤效果差的问题。
为实现上述目的提供一种水净化装置，其特征在于，所述水净化装置包括第一压力缸、第二压力缸、第一缸体及第二缸体，所述第一压力缸、第二缸体及第二压力缸依次连接，所述第一缸体收容于第二缸体内；
所述第一缸体相对的两端开口，且呈中空设置，该第一缸体用于置放将水过滤的过滤材料；所述第二缸体相对的两端开口，且呈中空设置；所述第一压力缸包括第一水流端及第一排水端，所述第一水流端设有开口供水流动，所述第一排水端开设有第一通孔供水流动；所述第二压力缸包括第二水流端及第二排水端，且呈中空设置，所述第二水流端设有开口供水流动，所述第二排水端开设有第二通孔供水流动；
所述第一水流端连接所述第二缸体的一端，所述第二缸体的另一端连接所述第二水流端，所述第一缸体与第二缸体之间形成第一水流通道，所述第一水流通道与所述第一压力缸及第二压力缸连通；所述第二缸体的外壁开设有与所述第一水流通道连通的进水口；所述第二缸体的外壁还插设有与所述第一缸体连通的出水管；
该水净化装置对水过滤前，所述第一通孔处于关闭状态，所述第二通孔处于打开状态；当该装置排污时，所述第一通孔及第二通孔均打开。
优选地，所述第二缸体与所述第一压力缸之间还设置有用于将所述第一缸体及第二缸体与所述第一压力缸连接的第一连接件，所述第一连接件上设置有用于将所述第一水流通道与所述第一压力缸连通的第一导流孔，以及用于将所述第一缸体与所述第一压力缸连通的第二导流孔。
优选地，所述第一连接件包括第一连接板，所述第一连接板上开设有一通孔，所述通孔的周缘朝向背离该第一连接板的一板面的方向延伸出第一圆环状柱体，所述第一圆环状柱体远离第一连接板的一端设置有将该第一圆环状柱体的端口盖合的第一挡板，所述第一挡板上设置所述第二导流孔，该第二导流孔的周缘朝向背离该第一挡板的一板面的方向延伸出第二圆环状柱体，所述第二圆环状柱体的周边的第一挡板上设置所述第一导流孔，所述第一圆环状柱体位于所述第一连接板与所述第二圆环状柱体之间，所述第一圆环状柱体的口径大于所述第二圆环状柱体口径。
优选地，所述第一圆环状柱体垂直于所述第一连接板，所述第二圆环状柱体垂直于所述第一挡板。
优选地，所述第二圆环状柱体远离第一挡板的一端设置有将该第二圆环状柱体的端口盖合的第二挡板，所述第二挡板上开设有增压孔。
优选地，所述第一水流端对应第一压力缸的外壁的位置套设有用于与所述第一连接件连接的第一加强件。
优选地，所述第二缸体与所述第二压力缸之间还设置有用于将所述第二缸体与所述第二压力缸连接的第二连接件，所述第二连接件上开设有用于连通所述第一水流通道和第一缸体的第三导流孔，以及用于与所述第一缸体连通的第四导流孔。
优选地，所述第二水流端对应第二压力缸的外壁的位置套设有用于与所述第二连接件连接的第二加强件。
优选地，所述第一缸体内设置有两个隔板，所述隔板上开设有多个通孔，该隔板将所述第一缸体的内腔分隔成沿第一缸体的径向设置的第一过滤区域、暂存区域及第二过滤区域，所述出水管穿过所述第二缸体的外壁与所述暂存区域连通。
优选地，所述第一通孔插设有第一排污管，所述第二通孔插设有第二排污管，所述第一排污管及第二排污管上均设置有水流调节阀门。
本发明的水净化装置，在第一压力缸和第二压力缸的压力作用下，实现了待净化的水的充分过滤；将水中漂浮物排出，提高了水净化的强度；减小了漂浮物对过滤材料的污染程度，大大提高了过滤材料的使用寿命，降低了水净化的成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明水净化装置的一实施例的立体结构示意图；
图2为图1中水净化装置的第一压力缸的结构示意图；
图3为图1中水净化装置的第二压力缸的结构示意图；
图4为图1中水净化装置的第一连接件的结构示意图；
图5为图1中水净化装置的第二连接件的结构示意图；
图6为图1中水净化装置的侧视平面结构示意图；
图7为图6的水净化装置的另一视角的平面结构示意图；
图8为图7的水净化装置沿A-A线的一实施例的剖面结构示意图；
图9为第一缸体内设置有过滤材料的图7中的水净化装置沿A-A线的一实施例的剖面结构示意图；
图10为图7沿A-A线的另一实施例的剖面结构示意图，其中箭头方向代表水净化过程中水流的方向。
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明提供一种水净化装置，参照图1，在一实施例中，所述水净化装置包括第一压力缸10，第一缸体11（参照图8），第二缸体12，第二压力缸13。第一压力缸10，第二缸体12，第二压力缸13依次连接，第一缸体11收容于第二缸体12内。
参照图2，所述第一压力缸10包括第一水流端104，以及第一排水端102。在本实施方式中，该第一水流端104与第一排水端102相对设置，第一水流端104具有开口供水流动。第一排水端102开设有第一通孔101供水流动 。
参照图8，所述第一缸体11两端开口，且呈中空筒状设置。
所述第二缸体12两端开口，且呈中空筒状设置。
参照图3，所述第二压力缸13包括第二水流端134，以及第二排水端133。本实施例中，该第二水流端134与第二排水端133相对设置，第二水流端134具有开口供水流动。第二排水端133开设有第二通孔131供水流动。
所述第一水流端104连接所述第二缸体12的一端，所述第二缸体12的另一端连接所述第二水流端134。所述第一缸体11固定安装于所述第二缸体12内，所述第一缸体11与第二缸体12之间形成第一水流通道123，所述第一水流通道123与所述第一压力缸10及第二压力缸13连通；所述第二缸体12的外壁开设有与所述第一水流通道123连通的进水口121；该水净化装置的外壁还插设有与所述第一缸体11连通的出水管122。优选地，进水口121与出水管122相对设置。
该水净化装置对水过滤前，所述第一通孔101处于关闭状态，所述第二通孔131处于打开状态；当该装置准备排污时，所述第一通孔101及第二通孔131均打开。
具体的，所述水净化装置在过滤时是竖直放置的，即所述第一压力缸10位于该水净化装置的底部，第二压力缸13位于该水净化装置的顶部，当待进化的水从所述进水口121进入第一水流通道123时，待净化的水首先进入所述第一压力缸10内，随着待净化的水逐渐增多，水位逐渐上升，待净化的水在水压及所述第一压力缸10的压力作用下，逐渐被压入第一缸体11内的过滤材料（如，活性炭和石英砂的混合物）中，待净化的水经过滤材料过滤之后从所述出水管122排出。过滤时，首先将第一通孔101关闭，待净化的水在第一水流通道123中的水位逐渐升高，直至上升到第二压力缸13内，然后经第二通孔131排出。在此过程中，首先待净化的水中的部分泥沙或其他大颗粒杂质一方面由于重力作用而沉淀于所述第一缸体10的底部，另一方面由于过滤材料的过滤，待净化的水中的未沉淀的泥沙被阻挡残留于第一压力缸10内，未沉淀的杂质和沉淀的泥沙均可通过打开第一通孔101而排出；其次，由于待净化的水中的漂浮物处于水体的表面，当待净化的水在第一水流通道123中的水位上升至所述第二压力缸13时，所述漂浮物可通过第二通孔131排出。
本发明的水净化装置在第一压力缸10和第二压力缸13的压力作用下，一方面将待净化的水中的泥沙等大颗粒杂质从第一通孔101排出，待净化的水中的漂浮物从第二通孔131排出，实现待净化的水的充分过滤，提高了水净化的强度；该水净化装置还减轻了漂浮物对过滤材料的污染程度，大大提高了过滤材料的使用寿命，降低了水净化处理的成本。
进一步地，参照图4，所述第二缸体12与所述第一压力缸10之间还设置有用于将所述第一缸体11及第二缸体12与所述第一压力缸10连接的第一连接件14，所述第一连接件14上设置有用于将所述第一水流通道123与所述第一压力缸10连通的第一导流孔1431，以及用于将所述第一缸体11与所述第一压力缸10连通的第二导流孔（图中未标示出）。
具体的，所述第一连接件14包括第一连接板141，所述第一连接板141上开设有一通孔，所述通孔的周缘朝向背离该第一连接板141的一板面的方向延伸出第一圆环状柱体142，所述第一圆环状柱体142远离第一连接板141的一端设置有将该第一圆环状柱体142的端口盖合的第一挡板143，所述第一挡板143上设有所述第二导流孔，该第二导流孔的周缘朝向背离该第一挡板143的一板面的方向延伸出第二圆环状柱体144，所述第二圆环状柱体144的周边的第一挡板143上还设有所述第一导流孔1431，所述第一圆环状柱体142位于所述第一连接板141与所述第二圆环状柱体144之间，所述第一圆环状柱体142的口径大于所述第二圆环状柱体144的口径 。此处需要说明的是，优选所述第一圆环状柱体142与所述第一连接板141垂直，优选所述第二圆环状柱体144与所述第一挡板143垂直。
在此，所述第一连接板141将第一压力缸10的第一水流端104盖合，并与第一压力缸10固定连接（如螺纹连接），所述第一缸体11套设所述第二圆环状柱体144，并且第一缸体11与第二圆环状柱体144密封连接；所述第二缸体12套设所述第一圆环状柱体142，并且第二缸体12与所述第一圆环状柱体142密封连接。这样就加强了第一缸体11及第二缸体12与第一压力缸10之间的连接紧密性。
进一步地，所述第二圆环状柱体144远离第一挡板143的一端设置有将该第二圆环状柱体144的端口盖合的第二挡板145，所述第二挡板145上开设有增压孔1451。
由于所述过滤材料本身对水流的阻力比较大，为了提升水过滤的速率，在本实施例中，通过设置增压孔1451可以使水更容易被压入所述过滤材料中。当待过滤的水进入第一压力缸10时（第一通孔101处于关闭或部分关闭状态）待净化的水逐渐被第一压力缸10从第一水流端104压入过滤材料中，在相同压力条件下，水流进入过滤材料的开口面积减小了，相当于增加了水流进入过滤材料的压强，这样就使水流更容易进入过滤材料中，提升了水的处理强度及效率。
进一步地，参照图2，所述第一水流端104对应第一压力缸10的外壁的位置处套设有用于与所述第一连接件14连接的第一加强件103。
具体的，为了加强所述第一连接件14与第一压力缸10之间的连接关系，在本实施例中，所述第一水流端104对应第一压力缸10的外壁的位置处套设有用于与所述第一连接件14连接的第一加强件103。所述第一加强件103与所述连接件14螺纹连接。第一压力缸10与第一连接件14通过图2中的螺孔1031与图4中的螺孔1411螺纹连接。
进一步地，参照图5，所述第二缸体12与所述第二压力缸13之间还设置有用于将所述第二缸体12与所述第二压力缸13连接的第二连接件15，所述第二连接件15上开设有用于连通所述第一水流通道123的第三导流孔153，以及用于与所述第一缸体11连通的第四导流孔151。所述第二水流端134对应第二压力缸13的外壁的位置套设有用于与所述第二连接件15连接的第二加强件132。
参照图3，第二加强件132上设置的螺孔135；参照图5，第二连接件15的第三导流孔153的周边设置有螺孔152；所述第二压力缸13与所述第二连接件15通过所述螺孔135和螺孔152螺纹经由同一螺钉连接。
进一步地，参照图6、图7、图8和图9，所述出水管122穿过所述第二缸体12与所述第一缸体11连通。
具体的，当所述第一缸体11内设置过滤材料（石英砂和活性炭的混合物、活性炭）20时，过滤材料20与所述第一缸体11的内部之间形成第二水流通道201。由于过滤材料20过滤水时是从该过滤材料20的两端压入待净化的水，水被过滤后，从该过滤材料20的外周壁排出，并进入所述第二水流通道201内，然后经由所述出水管122排出。
进一步地，参照图10，所述第一缸体11内设置有两个隔板110，所述隔板110上开设有多个透水孔，该隔板110将所述第一缸体11的内腔分隔成沿第一缸体11的径向设置的第一过滤区域111、暂存区域113及第二过滤区域112，所述出水管122穿过所述第二缸体12的外壁与所述暂存区域113连通。
在对水流进行泥沙或其他较大颗粒较进行过滤时，需要在所述第一缸体11内加入过滤材料。本实施例中，两个隔板110的设置将第一缸体11分隔成沿第一缸体11的径向设置的第一过滤区域111、暂存区域113及第二过滤区域112，在所述第一过滤区域111及第二过滤区域113均加入过滤材料（石英砂和活性炭的混合物、活性炭），水流经过第一过滤区域111和第二过滤区域112过滤后进入所述暂存区域113，该暂存区域113中的水经由所述出水管122排出。如果待净化的水中泥沙等颗粒物较多，所述第二顾虑区域112内的过滤材料会逐渐被堵塞，进而失去过滤功能，此时可以将其更换。另外，如果水中的油渍较多，所述第一过滤区域111内的过滤材料可能逐渐被污染（当然，第一过滤区域111内的过滤材料相对于普通的水净化装置而言，其使用周期大大延长），在这种情况下可以将其更换，避免水过滤后受到二次污染。
进一步地，参照图2，所述第一压力缸10的内腔的平行于第一水流端10端面的横截面积自所述第一水流端104朝向所述第一排水端102逐渐减小。
具体的，所述第一压力缸10的内腔可以设置呈多种形状，例如方形、圆筒形等。但是为了便于第一压力缸10对被过滤出来的杂质的排放，在本实施例中所述第一压力缸10的内腔的平行于第一水流端104的端面的横截面积自所述第一水流端104朝向所述第一排水端102逐渐减小，这样，当待净化的水中的杂质被过滤后会经由第一压力缸10的第一通孔101排出。第一压力缸10的这种设置不会在第一压力缸10内的底部形成死角，杂质不会在第一压力缸10内的底部沉积。
进一步地，参照图3，所述第二压力缸13的内腔的平行于第二水流端134端面的横截面积自所述第二水流端134朝向所述第二排水端133逐渐减小。
具体的，虽然第二压力缸13的顶部开设有用于排放漂浮物的第二通孔131，然而，如果第二压力缸13的内腔顶部平齐，必然导致部分漂浮物无法直接排除，而会被积累，积累过多就可能导致第二通孔131被堵塞。本实施例中所述第二压力缸13的内腔的平行于第二水流端134的端面的横截面积自所述第二水流端134朝向所述第二排水端133逐渐减小，例如，第二压力缸13的内腔可以设置成锥形，第二压力缸13的平滑的内壁在漂浮物排放时起到导向作用，漂浮物可以被迅速排出。
进一步地，所述第一通孔101插设有第一排污管，所述第二通孔131插设有第二排污管，所述第一排污管安装有第一阀门，第二排污管安装有第二阀门。
对于水处理的速率可以通过调节第一阀门和第二阀门来控制，可以通过调节第一阀门及第二阀门来控制该水净化装置内部的压力大小。例如，我国北方的水体中含有较多的泥沙，这种水质通过该水净化装置过滤时，可以调节第二阀门，加快第一压力缸10中污水排放速率。沿海地区的水中盐分含量较高，当这种水质通过该水净化装置过滤时，可以调节第一阀门和第二阀门，减小第一压力缸10和第二压力缸13的排放速率，加强该水净化装置内部的整体压力，以使待净化的水的过滤速率加快。
用活性炭和石英砂的混合物过滤泥沙、胶体等颗粒较大的杂质及油渍的实验测试：
待净化的水进入该水净化装置的进水口121后，在进水压力和第一压力缸10及第二压力缸13的压力作用下，该水净化装置通过底部和顶部压力调节，水中的泥沙、淤泥、污渍、颗粒物、胶体被石英砂和活性炭的混合物、活性炭分离，然后沉淀到锥形体的第一压力缸10的排污口，经处理后的水通过隔离杂质，从净水口流出，变成净水。经测试，本水净化装置净化水除去泥沙、胶体等颗粒较大的杂质的除污率高达80%，对油渍的去除率达到100%。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种水净化装置，其特征在于，所述水净化装置包括第一压力缸、第二压力缸、第一缸体及第二缸体，所述第一压力缸、第二缸体及第二压力缸依次连接，所述第一缸体收容于第二缸体内；
    所述第一缸体相对的两端具有开口，且呈中空设置，该第一缸体用于置放将水过滤的过滤材料；所述第二缸体相对的两端具有开口，且呈中空设置；所述第一压力缸包括第一水流端及第一排水端，所述第一水流端设有开口供水流动，所述第一排水端开设有第一通孔供水流动；所述第二压力缸包括第二水流端及第二排水端，且呈中空设置，所述第二水流端设有开口供水流动，所述第二排水端开设有第二通孔供水流动；
    所述第一水流端连接所述第二缸体的一端，所述第二缸体的另一端连接所述第二水流端，所述第一缸体与第二缸体之间形成第一水流通道，所述第一水流通道与所述第一压力缸及第二压力缸连通；所述第二缸体的外壁开设有与所述第一水流通道连通的进水口；所述第二缸体的外壁还插设有与所述第一缸体连通的出水管；
    该水净化装置对水过滤前，所述第一通孔处于关闭状态，所述第二通孔处于打开状态；当该装置排污时，所述第一通孔及第二通孔均打开。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的水净化装置，其特征在于，所述第二缸体与所述第一压力缸之间还设置有用于将所述第一缸体及第二缸体与所述第一压力缸连接的第一连接件，所述第一连接件上设置有用于将所述第一水流通道与所述第一压力缸连通的第一导流孔，以及用于将所述第一缸体与所述第一压力缸连通的第二导流孔。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的水净化装置，其特征在于，所述第一连接件包括第一连接板，所述第一连接板上开设有一通孔，所述通孔的周缘朝向背离该第一连接板的一板面的方向延伸出第一圆环状柱体，所述第一圆环状柱体远离第一连接板的一端设置有将该第一圆环状柱体的端口盖合的第一挡板，所述第一挡板上设置所述第二导流孔，该第二导流孔的周缘朝向背离该第一挡板的一板面的方向延伸出第二圆环状柱体，所述第二圆环状柱体的周边的第一挡板上设置所述第一导流孔，所述第一圆环状柱体位于所述第一连接板与所述第二圆环状柱体之间，所述第一圆环状柱体的口径大于所述第二圆环状柱体口径。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的水净化装置，其特征在于，所述第一圆环状柱体垂直于所述第一连接板，所述第二圆环状柱体垂直于所述第一挡板。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的水净化装置，其特征在于，所述第二圆环状柱体远离第一挡板的一端设置有将该第二圆环状柱体的端口盖合的第二挡板，所述第二挡板上开设有增压孔。
  6. 如权利要求2至5任一项所述水净化装置，其特征在于，所述第一水流端对应第一压力缸的外壁的位置套设有用于与所述第一连接件连接的第一加强件。
  7. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的水净化装置，其特征在于，所述第二缸体与所述第二压力缸之间还设置有用于将所述第二缸体与所述第二压力缸连接的第二连接件，所述第二连接件上开设有用于连通所述第一水流通道的第三导流孔，以及用于与所述第一缸体连通的第四导流孔。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的水净化装置，其特征在于，所述第二水流端对应第二压力缸的外壁的位置套设有用于与所述第二连接件连接的第二加强件。
  9. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的水净化装置，其特征在于，所述第一缸体内设置有两个隔板，所述隔板上开设有多个通孔，该隔板将所述第一缸体的内腔分隔成沿第一缸体的径向设置的第一过滤区域、暂存区域及第二过滤区域，所述出水管穿过所述第二缸体的外壁与所述暂存区域连通。
  10. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的水净化装置，其特征在于，所述第一通孔插设有第一排污管，所述第二通孔插设有第二排污管，所述第一排污管及第二排污管上均设置有水流调节阀门。
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