WO2016086250A2

WO2016086250A2 - Drying cylinder consisting of a coaxial double cylinder and an annular gap

Info

Publication number: WO2016086250A2
Application number: PCT/AT2015/050293
Authority: WO
Inventors: Georg Michael Ickinger
Original assignee: Georg Michael Ickinger
Priority date: 2014-12-01
Filing date: 2015-11-16
Publication date: 2016-06-09
Also published as: WO2016086250A3

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus consisting of a working surface which is heated by a heat transfer medium and is located on a heat-conducting coating supported by a metal main body. The coating and the main body form a "drying cylinder consisting of a coaxial double cylinder and an annular gap" through which the heat transfer medium flows. The coating is provided with a number of grooves and flutes, and the working surface is heated primarily in the grooves and flutes by supplying the heat transfer medium. The design of the drying cylinder consisting of a coaxial double cylinder and an annular gap allows an existing cylinder to be retrofitted so as to increase heat transfer and wear resistance -- the surface can be reground 30 times as the surface is a 5mm thick martensite outer face that is hot-plated using a method according to claim 15 and figure 18. Alternatively, the drying cylinder can be made from scratch in any size according to claims 26 to 34 and figures 39 to 50. Said production allows for a high-precision thin-walled outer face consisting of an integrally bonded plating layer which can be reground 30 times when the grinding allowance is 0.16 mm. Since the invention makes it possible to extend the type of heating fluids to hot gas/air, tissue/paper machine concepts can be created that use only one medium, as depicted in figure 5c for paper machines and figures 68 and 69 for tissue and MG paper. The decreasing heat transfer along the cavities is compensated by variable ribs, counter-currents in adjacent cavities as in figure 5d, or counter-currents in superimposed decks as in figure 5e.

Description

Irockenzylindar as a coaxial double cylinder and. annular gap

The invention relates to a device of one with a

Heat transfer medium heated work surface, which is located on a heat conductive cover layer, which is supported by a metallic base body. The cover layer and the main body form a "drying cylinder consisting of a coaxial

The cover layer is provided with a number of grooves, grooves and the heating of the working surface by supplying the heat transfer medium mainly in the grooves, grooves ,

The following variants of the embodiment are described in more detail:

• Device of a heated grooved cylindrical surface

• Drying cylinder made of metallically clad cladding

• Drying cylinder with low specific heat content

• Thin-walled drying cylinder; Use, method,

Device, manufacture

• gas-air heated drying cylinder; Use, method, device

Overview of priority, registration, claims, BZ, figures:

Abbreviation Priority Application Claims Symbols Figures

Inside groove A B67 2014 2014 12 01 1 to 5 1 to 7 1 to 4

Plating A 309 2015 2015 05 15 6 to 10 1 to 7 5

Heat content A 15 2015 2015 01 13 11 to 25 8 to 50 6 to 38

Thin wall TZ A 53 2015 2015 02 05 26 to 39 51 to 80 39 to 61

Gas-fired A 62 2015 2015 02 15 40 to 49 61 to 119 62 to 83 Drying cylinder of coaxial double cylinder and annular gap

The design of the drying cylinder consisting of coaxial double cylinder with annular gap on the one hand allows the

Upgrading an existing cylinder with a higher one

Heat transfer, wear-resistant - thirtyfold

regrindable surface by 5mm thick

hot-clad martensite lateral surface by means of the method according to claim 15 and FIG. 18. On the other hand as new production with unlimited dimensions according to claims 26 to 34 and FIGS. 39 to 50. This production makes possible a

highly accurate thin-walled lateral surface consisting of a material-fit plating, which at 0.16mm

Schleifzugäbe can be reground 30 times. The expansion of the fluids to hot gas / air heating enables concepts for tissue / paper machines

Use only one medium. These are shown in Figure 5c for paper machines and 68 and 69 for tissue and MG paper.

The compensation of the decreasing heat transfer along the cavities is made by variable ribs, counterflow of adjacent cavities 5d or

superimposed decks according to and 5e

In FIG. 5 a, the wear-resistant plated layer is lb, in FIG. 5 b this layer is shown as a cavity.

In Figure 5c, the coaxial double cylinder (81) with

Annular gap shown in a dryer section. The paper (4), the air supply (90a), air connection (104a, 104b 2nd without), show the connection for the gas / air heating. FIG. 5d shows the heat transfer (77) of adjacent cavities (2) in countercurrent with (79) the hot fluid, with (80) the cooler fluid.

Figure 5e shows the heat transfer (78) between two decks. Device of a heated grooved cylinder inner surface

The cover layer is provided on the inside of the annular gap with a number of grooves, grooves and the heating of the working surface by supplying the heat transfer medium takes place primarily in the grooves, grooves.

Conventional drying cylinder

Drying cylinder and especially Yankee cylinder of tissue

Plants work as rotating pressure vessels. The advantage of uniform heat distribution by condensation of steam on the cylinder inner shell is achieved by a very high pressure volume (internal pressure x volume) and thus with large

Safety reserves and thus high costs

Dimensioning and quality assurance.

Especially in the Yankee cylinder the effort of condensate scooping is very high.

Production according to AT 390 975 ANDRITZ drying cylinder 1987

The cost of milling the grooves in the core cylinder is very costly. The heat transfer from the core to the outer cylinder is reduced by the contact point and is also subject to deterioration by corrosion.

The present invention achieves direct transfer to the pulp by direct heat transfer within the grooved cylinder inner surface. Also allows the very high

Flow rate and high temperature (through possible higher vapor pressure improved heat transfer in the grooves and thus the pulp.) By applying the technology of AT 390 975 the uniform heat distribution through the groove design, it becomes possible to meet the demands of tissue production even in this manufacturing method Very low pressure volume within the grooved Cylinder inner surfaces and cost-effective production by means of pre-rolled, ribbed welded or drawn sheets results in a further cost advantage.

Or in return, a smaller sizing of

Drying cylinder or capacity increase for the same size

From the document AT 390 975 B a device is known which describes the grooves incorporated in the body.

The present invention is distinguished from AT 390 975 in that the internally grooved cylinder jacket

• pre-rolled sheet, optionally reworked,

Sheet metal with welded fins or ribs,

• Molded profiles on the core

• High speed milled surface elements

The mentioned in dl EP1738022 HEATED CYLINDER Voith

relevant claims are:

... includes, characterized in that the two

Sheath layers (5, 6, 15, 16, 19, 20) are separated from each other by a cavity into which the fluid can be introduced.

The application A867 2014 specifies beyond the features mentioned in EP1738022 that the surface layer consists of ... embedded grooves ... welded-on ribs.

In addition, it also borders on the more concrete

homogeneous compound.

"Important is the through-welding and the homogeneous bond with the cylinder." FIGS. 1 to:

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment according to the drawings, wherein the internally grooved

Cylinder coat in

Fig. 1 consisting of pre-rolled sheet

Fig. 2 welded fins or ribs

Fig. 3 with drawn profile

Fig. 4 with high speed milled

consists. All figures show a section transverse to the axial plane of the cylinder.

FIG. 1:

The provided with grooves 2 pre-rolled sheet 1 is shrunk onto the core cylinder 3. The heat is intensively transmitted by the grooves located near the pulp 4. The

Condensate that forms on the inner sides of the grooves is entrained by the high flow velocity and only deposited in the collecting vessel.

FIG. 2:

The grooved cylinder inner surface (1) is formed by welded-on ribs (6) or also called fins. Important is the through-welding (5) and the homogeneous bond with the cylinder. A similar construction is in the pipe-web-pipe connection in steam boiler. This replaced the pre-rolled (expensive) fin pipes.

FIG. 3:

Shows a drawn profile with the widest possible contact surface directly under the pulp.

FIG. 4:

Here, the connection of the internally grooved cylinder (1) with the core cylinder (3) is shown. The longitudinal weld seam (7) connects the cylinder segments (1) to the core (3). Drying cylinder made of metallically clad cladding

The invention relates to a device of a heated with a heat transfer medium working surface, which is located on a heat-conductive cover layer, of a

This cover layer is distinguished from the main body by metallurgical properties and has been bonded to one another by the method of plating - "cladding." This cover layer is also called "plating".

From AT 390 975 B a device is known which describes a body with shrunk-on jacket sheet.

The present invention is distinguished from AT 390 975 in that the plating with the main body

• in the metallurgical sense, is firmly connected,

• the heat transfer to conductivity is not convection

• significantly improved compared to this

Touch convection of the adhesive sheets is.

The metallurgical properties, such as abrasion,

Scratch resistance and Krepung be adjusted

Drying cylinders were mainly made of cast iron.

Due to the high demands on the security of the

Pressure vessel, the production of cast has become uneconomical. The high scrap rates, as well as the thicker required wall thickness have led more and more to the steel cylinder. There are also only a few foundries that can produce large drying cylinders (YANKEEs).

The advantage of the casting surface is the sliding and

Wear properties. Especially at the YANKEE is the Surface very heavily loaded by the Krep scraper. This leads to the use of the steel cylinder

Surface coating. The high speed -

Flame coating solves the wear problem, but bring

Disadvantages in heat transfer (one-sixth of steel) and mean high costs.

Many customers still insist on the delivery of

Casting cylinders, as the operation is much easier and safer. The coatings wear out quickly and disruption occurs at the contact surface of steel and

Coating. This leads to outbreaks and long

Repair times. Cast cylinders have a long service life despite regrinding. The quality of the surface can withstand up to ten regrinds. The flame coating can be reground at best twice.

In apparatus engineering, as well as oil field pipes have the

plated plates enforced. The combination of

inexpensive carrier material to take over the forces of pressure and load with the high-alloy resistant alloys.

Advantages of the present invention:

Use with conventional drying cylinders

Drying cylinder and especially Yankee cylinder of tissue

Safety reserves and thus high costs

Dimensioning and quality assurance. These

Requirements can no longer be met by the cast cylinder.

The present invention for producing the steel cylinder by means of plated sheet metal can be substantially cost-effective Manufacture of steel cylinders without FlammbeSchichtung lead. The cladding takes place on the surface by means of high-quality metallurgical recipes, which are close to those of the casting alloy. For example, the use of 1.4034 material as a martensite results in a good curable surface. The well-weldable base material gives the strength and thus the low wall thicknesses and leads to cost-effective production.

The surface can be restored after regrinding by means of flame or induction hardening on site. The good heat conduction of the plating improves the drying of the drying cylinder. Or in return a smaller dimensioning of the drying cylinder allowed.

FIG. 5a

The cylinder jacket (1) consists of a wear-resistant upper layer (lb), which is metallically connected to the lower layer (la) and these are homogeneously connected / welded with grooves (2) and ribs (6) and on the main body (3).

lie positively and form cavities (2), which are flowed through by the heat transfer medium.

FIG. 5b

As Figure 5a, but with welded sheet metal (9) for sealing the tubular cavity. Drying cylinder with low specific heat content Description:

Dry and crepe cylinder also called Yankee cylinder

work as a pressure vessel with saturated steam. By the big one

Wall thickness results in a large specific heat content. This keeps the cylinder temperature, over the circumference

unchanged, as evidenced by the calculation of ARASAKESARI, KESELMAN "Dynamic Simulation of Yankee Drying of Paper" 1999.

Figure 6a shows the outside temperature of cylinders at high specific heat content (cp = 0.79) with 121 ° C practically constant over the circumference and at low heat content (cp = 0.01) of 119 ° C to 123 ° C fluctuating.

Figure 6b shows that nearly half of the circumference is hardly or no heat from the cylinder delivered to the tissue paper, since the temperature of tissue and cylinder is the same. The drying takes place there only through the drying hood.

Figure 6c temperature profile of the tissue paper from 50 ° C to 138 ° C.

Figure 6d Dry profile of the tissue paper from 25 to 4%.

FIG. 6e shows the economic vapor pressure differences between six drying cylinder groups with a gradation of 50 kPa. Ola Slätteke 2006.

It is an object of the present application to substantially reduce the specific heat of the drying cylinder jacket and, by means of separate switchable temperature groups on the cylinder jacket, to exploit the thermodynamic advantages and has the following features: Thermal decoupling of the internally grooved

Cylinder jacket from the body by means of inserted

Insulators, formation of air gaps, low thermal bridges in order to reduce the heat content of the cylinder jacket.

Detailing the insulated heat transfer elements,

Insulation and welding, extrusion of well-conductive

Heat transfer elements.

Fixing the heat transfer elements by means of welding, soldering, gluing or by means of a cover, the longitudinal seam weld after wrapping by means of clamping device, the heat transfer elements are pressed against the body.

Grouping of the connections of the heat transfer elements and arrangement of the same, countercurrent, deflection, 4-fold countercurrent.

Switching of the groups, the heat transfer elements during the rotation,

Interposition of condensate separators between the

groups

The efforts of the technicians to improve the heat transfer from the heated, cooled work surfaces is reflected in the large number of applications on this topic.

Thermal engineering decoupling

Approaches to thermal decoupling can be seen in WO2006072508 VOITH, wherein profiles and modules are welded or screwed to the base body. The present

Registration differs from WO2006072508 in that between profiles and modules an insulating layers or air gap are introduced relative to the base body. DE102008043918 shows a double jacket inside

Heat transfer medium leads. US4453593 THUNE EUREKA 1978 shows a, by welding a cylinder jacket on

Longitudinal stiffeners, decoupling of the heat content to the main body. EP1918451 VOITH by double jacket by means of supporting bolts. The present application performs the decoupling means

flowed through heat transfer elements.

Detailing the insulated heat transfer elements,

Insulation and welding, extrusion of well-conductive

Heat transfer elements. WO2013 1748880 cites insulation below the flow channels. The present application is distinguished from the fact that the

Insulation between heat transfer elements with

tubular cavities and body are introduced.

Has air chambers instead of insulation, or the

Insulation only partially between the webs of the

Heat transfer elements and the body are inserted. DE102011007478 VOITH shows tubular cavities which are fed to the center and the steam flows outwards. For

Areas - seen in the axial direction of the cylinder - with higher / lower heat demand, the tubular

Cavities according to the prior art, for example

AT390975B ANDRITrockenzylinder 1987, by shaping the grooves, or

DE202013103958 METSO 2013, by means of cross-section modification or

Heat exchangers Plates of refrigerators that provide improved heat transfer elements by means of fins within the cavities.

US2007042884 COMAINTEL by means of heating by induction DE102008042285 VOITH equipped by means of additional heating.

For the design of a basic body with holes for

Steam transmission is in addition to numerous applications US5655596 Schwäbische Hüttenwerke 1996 mentioned. A branch of the cavities is described.

Fixing of the heat transfer elements by means of welding, soldering gluing or by means of cover plate, whose longitudinal seam

Welding / soldering after looping done by means of clamping device and presses the heat transfer elements and

includes frictionally.

The cylinder jacket is mounted on AT390975B by warming up and frictionally connected. WO2013 174880 proposes in addition to cohesive compounds and the

To weld cylinder jacket by means of stiffeners. The present application attaches the heat transfer elements (in a variant of the embodiment) by a cover after pressing by wrapping by means of clamping device by means of longitudinal seam weld friction connected. For areas in which a higher / lower heat demand is necessary, thermal compounds with higher / lower thermal conductivities are introduced into the free spaces. In another

From management form, the heat transfer elements with low thermal bridge individually applied to the body, provided with insulation layer and advantageous in

Steel execution by means of the method of narrow gap - welding and brazed in copper or welded aluminum welded cohesively.

So far, no Yankee or creping cylinder is known, by means of axially flowed through heat transfer elements

were executed known. The reason for this lies in the uneven temperature distribution of the axial flow. The use of heat transfer medium improves the uniform temperature distribution, but is due to the energy balance economically very unfavorable. Versions according to AT390975B and with their test device have proven that a

uniform temperature distribution by means of grooves design with the drying cylinder 1500mm DM led to the goal. In addition, any deviations compensate for about 20 drying cylinders. The single Yankee and creping cylinder runs the risk - since the dry matter always remains in one place - to dry unevenly in a cumulative error and creping can not be performed successfully. The diameters today are about 6500mm and 150t, the risk of aging deterioration is very high due to corrosion in the interlayer.

To remedy this, a supply of the tubular cavities within a heat transfer element in countercurrent to lead. Temperature control irregularities are corrected by controlled raising / lowering of the steam temperatures at the sides that are too high / too low. The heat flow within the heat transfer element equals the

Differences in the flow back and forth over the surface of the heat transfer element. Therefore, it is so important that the cavities are homogeneously connected, or welded to the side contact points, soldered or provided with thermal paste. Even better is the temperature profile, when the flow direction is returned through a turning chamber. It is optimal if the next two cavities are each fed from the opposite side. As a result, a - if necessary different supply for the purpose of temperature corrections possible. Conventional plants have higher temperatures at the edges. WO2014077761 VALMET 2014 counteracts this edge problem by means of differently deep grooves on the edge. The present application provides that the supply of superheated steam takes place at the edge facing inwards. The heat balance by the in countercurrent cooler cavities reduces the effect of overheating on the edge.

Switching the groups, during the rotation,

The temperature profile of the tissue paper from 50 to 140 ° C over the circumference of the cylinder requires an adapted

Cylinder surfaces Temperature with - suitable for drying - temperature difference between tissue paper and surface. This is according to the execution by means of - according to the position of the rotating cylinder - circuit of

Heat transfer elements groups. The group below the creping scraper is fed with high-temperature steam. Flows then opposite to the direction of rotation, the next groups around then in the cleaning zone is led to the outside.

Interposition of condensate separators:

To get a good heat transfer of the steam in the

To achieve heat transfer elements must be the steam

be freed from condensate between the groups. Accordingly, it is proposed to attach a condensate separator between the heat transfer elements, for example on the rotating cylinder.

The present application is distinguished from WO2014135484 VALMET in that the condensate separators on the rotating

Cylinders can be switched between the groups.

Drying cylinders with changeover of the WÜ groups during rotation are suitable for reducing the size of the drying group or the number of drying cylinders in paper machines.

The present devices are excellent

retrofit existing drying and creping cylinders. It is also possible to build larger systems in diameter and width together on site. Reference of the

1 heat transfer element.

2 Tubular cavity, groove, groove

3 main body, cylinder body, bearing ring

4 pulp web, paper web, dry goods

5 weld, compound coat,

6 fin, rib, minimal thermal bridge

7 weld, connection body

8 isolation

9 sheet metal for sealing the tubular cavity

10 Extruded heat transfer element flat with compensation

11 Extruded heat transfer element curved

12 overlap

13 link chain

14 connecting bolts

15 link chain curved

16 tongue and groove

17 conveyor belt designed to be heat-insulating

18 pulley

19 heat transfer elements on the drying cylinder

20 clamping device

21 longitudinal seam welding

22 strap

23 cylinder jacket, cover plate

24 toothing

25 ribs inside the cavities

26 narrow gap weld

27 collector feeder

28 collector exhaustion inside

29 bore around body

30 collectors discharge countercurrent

31 collector feeder countercurrent

32 dry air passage (TAD) individually

33 dry air collectors

34 collector discharge laterally

35 reversal

36 superheated steam supply

37 Condensate vapor discharge

38 ball valve position passage

39 Ball valve position infeed

40 tissue paper casserole

41 tissue paper crepe, drain

42 Rotating heat exchanger inlet

43 Rotating heat exchanger outlet

44 wet product order

45 dry goods

46 cleaning phase

47 condensate separator Figures overview:

Figures 6 a to e show figures from "Dynamic Simulation of Yankee Drying", S. Atasakesari., 1999 and "Paper Drying

Section "Ola Slätteke, 2006. Figure 6d has been removed.

Figure 7 shows the heat transfer element of A867 / 2014 with tightly welded bottom.

FIG. 8 shows the heat transfer element after

Main claim with insulation between cylinder shell and body.

Figure 9 shows an extruded profile with closed

Chambers in pairs with return flow channel. Material copper, aluminum etc.

FIG. 10 as a curved embodiment of FIG. 9

Figures 11 to 13 show a designed as a chain link heat transfer element.

Figures 14 and 15 show a groove and spring designed heat transfer element.

Figurl6 forms a suitable for drying flat flat conveyor belt.

FIG. 17 shows the arrangement of the heat transfer elements on the main body of a drying cylinder.

Figures 18 to 21 show the attachment of

Heat transfer elements on the body by means of fixture and then welding, soldering, gluing the cylinder jacket to the longitudinal seam. Figures 22 to 24 show embodiments of

Heat transfer elements, which are connected by means of welding, soldering, etc. with the body.

FIGS. 25 and 26 illustrate the connection of the

Heat transfer elements in the return flow. The

Elements are fed via a collector below the main body.

Figure 27 shows an embodiment of the heat transfer elements suitable for Through Air Drying (TAD) cylinders. In this case the dry air comes from inside

drawn .

Figure 28 to 31 represents the double channel with countercurrent

Power supply in plan view and section.

Figure 32 to 35 represents the quadruple channel counter-current with reversal, to supply in plan view and section.

FIGS. 36 and 37 illustrate the dynamic group-wise supply of a rotating Yankee or creping cylinder.

FIG. 39 shows the connection of condensate separators per group.

Description of the figures:

Figure 6a-d shows the - for this application - relevant

Drawings from the "Dynamic Simulation of Yankee Drying of Paper" study It is clear that the control experiments were performed on a 1.5m diameter (5m circumference) machine and typically Yankee cylinders are 20m in circumference

FIG. 6a shows that the specific heat content Cp [kJ / kgK] has a major influence on the temperature adaptation of the

Cylinder surface has.

At Cp = 0.79 [kJ / kgK], there is no change from the average of 121 ° C. With the theoretical assumption Cp = 0.01 [kJ / kgK], the temperature changes between 120 and 123 ° C.

This also shows the effect on the drying process. FIG. 6b illustrates that no heat is transferred from the cylinder to the paper after half the process. (The tip at the end concerns the drying after creping.) This is done by the

Figure 6c better illustrated, because the temperature of the tissue paper after the first half exceeds the temperature of the cylinder. Practically, then only more drying takes place via the hot air. This also results in the

Drying profile of the tissue paper. In drying sections of paper machines run about 20 drying cylinders. The paper comes off and is turned and accumulated on the next cylinder. In order to adapt the steam to the dry profile of the paper, the vapor pressure in groups is adapted to the heat requirement. See also Figure 5c. In

Figure 6e, this step adaptation of about 50kPa (0.5 bar) which at a saturated steam temperature of 180 ° C a jump of about 4 ° C corresponds. So total 24 ° C temperature difference. According to Ola Slätteke, applying moist tissue paper to a hot surface will cause vapor formation. This is also the reason why the creping cylinder moves in practice at 120 ° C surface temperature. An adaptation of existing systems is not possible due to the high heat content.

To solve the task to bring an optimal dryer section in a cylinder to create the solution results by means of cylinder jacket with low specific heat. Thus, the responsiveness between tissue paper and the

Surface of the heat transfer element meant. The

The following figures explain the solution of this

Task.

FIG. 7 shows the heat transfer element (1) as depicted in the application A 867/2014 FIG. 3, wherein the tubular cavities (2) are welded to the ribs (6) by means of metal sheet (9) by means of welding, soldering, gluing (5b). are tightly welded to seal. The now resulting

Heat transfer element advantageously has four cavities, so that when arranged in four times, two-channel countercurrent and opposite supply a good heat balance on the surface of (1) leads to uniform temperatures.

Figure 8 shows the heat transfer element according to the main claim 1 with an insulating layer (8), wherein the contact with the base body (3) is formed with the least possible thermal bridge. For example, by the edge ribs (6) have the thinnest possible spacers. The heat transfer elements according to FIGS. 7 and 8 are preferably made of steel.

Figure 9 is the cross section of an extrudable flat

Heat transfer element (10), preferably drawn from highly conductive material such as copper, aluminum. The paired cavities (2) form a wider rib (6), for the screw connection to the main body. The extension (12) engages in the next heat transfer element to form a good heat transfer and a precise surface.

Figure 10 shows the heat transfer element (11) curved to be adapted to a drying cylinder.

Figure 11 shows a chain-like heat transfer element (13) with holes (14) for connection with other elements.

FIG. 12 shows this connection in the flat state for

Use in flat drying belts.

Figure 13, a heat transfer element curved (15) is connected by means of bolts and bore (14). Suitable for wrapping around a drying cylinder.

FIG. 14 shows, by way of example for the possible designs of the extrudable heat transfer element, a flat element with tongue and groove (16). Also a

circular or elliptical pipe cross-section provides a good temperature balance at the surface between the cavities with flow and return through the wide ribs.

Figure 15 shows the tongue and groove heat transfer element (11) in a curved shape. A rounding of the rectangular cavities at the corners is advantageous.

Figure 16 shows the arrangement of the chain-shaped

Heat transfer elements (13) on a heat-insulating conveyor belt (17) with circulation rollers (18).

FIG. 17 now shows the cylinder jacket

Heat transfer elements (19), which are thermally decoupled from the base body (3) by means of insulating layer (8).

FIG. 18 shows the production of a cylinder jacket

consisting of heat transfer element (19) on a Insulating layer (8) on the base body (3). By means of a

Tensioning device (20) - similar to a packaging tape

Clamping device - the elements (19) by means of straps (22) are pressed together. Bolted, hooked, glued. If necessary, also surrounded by a jacket plate (23), which is then adapted in the scope and welded to the longitudinal seam (21).

Figure 19 shows rectangular heat transfer elements which are welded together (26).

FIG. 20 shows rectangular heat transfer elements which are hooked together (24) with a jacket plate (23) surrounded by a base body (3) with an insulating body

Intermediate layer (8).

Figure 21 heat transfer elements with ribs (25) in the interior of the cavities for the purpose of designing the corresponding

Heat requirement - to achieve a uniform temperature on the mantle surface. The ribs (6) have

Small width extensions to keep the thermal bridge as small as possible. This version is just with frictional drying cylinder jacket (23) only frictionally with

Insulating layer (8) and base body (3) connected.

FIG. 22 shows the heat transfer element with underlying insulator (8) by means of narrow gap welding once as connection of the heat transfer elements (26) and the other time by means of welding (7) connected to the main body (3). However, this can be kept down, for example, even without a cover plate only by means of welding (7) and the resulting voltage.

FIG. 23 shows rectangular heat transfer elements (19), which conduct well by means of narrow gap welding (26)

connected to each other. By way of example, an insulator (8) is shown on the far right. It will also be a good one

Decoupling achieved in that only one air gap remains. The assembly sequence runs from right to left. The new element we added. By means of weld (7) connected to the main body (3) and then combined with narrow gap welding (26) good conduction. In the case of this stable welded

Heat transfer element, the cylinder can be omitted as a basic body and replaced by rings with spokes on an axis. This self-supporting construction is particularly suitable for large diameters and widths, since these are at the

Construction site can be joined, turned off, sanded and polished. However, this can be kept down, for example, even without cover plate (23) only by means of welding (21) and the resulting voltage.

FIG. 24 shows those designed in FIG

Heat transfer elements with inner ribs (25) in the

Variant of the weld (7) on the main body. However, this can be kept down, for example, even without cover plate (23) only by means of welding (21) and the resulting voltage.

FIG. 25 is a cross-section through FIG

Heat transfer element (19) with feed (27) (half-round) and discharge (28) (shown in rectangular). The inlets and outlets are mounted as a collector inside and communicate through holes (29) through the base body (3).

FIG. 26 shows in the background the next cavity in FIG

dashed version in countercurrent so supply via (31) and discharge by (30). In the case of, for example, uneven tissue paper application, the respective wet side can be exposed to a higher steam temperature, thereby restoring equilibrium.

Figure 27 shows the applicability of this

Heat transfer elements also for through air drying.

Through Air Drying (TAD). On the left side of the air supply (32) via individual holes through the Basic body (3). On the right side, the supply (33) to the collector takes place below the heat transfer element. In connection with the groupwise connection of the dry air, it should be noted that in the area of the

Drying hood - which works mostly with overpressure - the

Dry air through the already firmly attached tissue

Paper is blown into the drying hood.

Figure 28 shows the top view of the arrangement of

Heat transfer elements with the omission of the cylinder jacket and the cover layer of the heat transfer element. The

Steam is guided in the "double-channel countercurrent principle", which means that in section AA, the supply from the collector (27) through the bore (29), the passage through the cavity (30) and the discharge into the collector (28). Of the

Section B-B shows this in countercurrent (31).

Figure 29 illustrates the section A-A with steam supply (27) flow (30) and steam discharge (34) mounted in this case laterally on the cylinder.

Figure 30 illustrates the countercurrent (31).

FIG. 31 illustrates the feeding in the "four-channel with twice two-channel E-E, F-F and G-G, H-H, in FIG

Reverse flow (35) "in plan view with omission of the cylinder jacket and the upper layer of the

Heat transfer element. The inversion (35) takes place in a specially prepared chamber between the

Cavities. Advantageously, the four chambers in one

Heat transfer element led to a good

To allow heat balance, so that the temperature image of the surface is made uniform.

32 shows the section

33 shows the section FF FIG. 34 shows the section GG

35 shows the section H-H

FIG. 36 illustrates a clockwise Yankee or creping or drying cylinder with a rotating counterclockwise dynamic heat exchanger by means of a jointly connected ball valve - pairs referred to below as KVP, connected groups of the heat transfer elements. Both at

(40) marks the incoming paper with (41) tissue paper Via the tube H, the superheated steam (36) arrives in the group Z to the collector (27) to the ball valve pair KVP (39) connected in the "inlet". There it flows axially through the drying cylinder and is brought together in the collector (2), from where the steam is led via the "pass-through" ball valve pair KVP (38) to the inlet collector of the next group Y.

Via "run" KVP into group X

Via "pass-through" CIP into the group W

Via 'run-through' CIP to group V

From there, the steam outlet collector (28) is routed to the outlet "CWP" (39) to the outlet side into the pipe K.

Shorter explains the respective KVP, which passes the creping scraper switched to "down-feed" Important is that the circuit always takes place so that the steam flow

continues to run continuously. Concretely therefore always a KVP on "from inlet connected" is.

By way of example, the following grouping forms: Tissue paper condition steam coat

Location Yankee Humidity Temperature ° C ° C

V preheating zone cleaning 160 120 w application zone wet material 60 ° C 180 130

X Heat hood 1 Wet material 100 ° C 200 140

Y Heat hood 2 Hot material 130 ° C 220 150 z Discharge zone Creping 160 ° C 240 160

Group temperature is stationary relative to location

Group temperature is seen on the cylinder for rotation

in opposite directions.

One revolution per second of the creping cylinder results in approx. 20m / s (72km / h). There are thus switching frequencies of

Ball valve pairs of 1 Hz.

Figure 37 illustrates the temperature situation of the above table. With (40), the steam inlet temperature is called with (41) the temperature of the steam at the time of application. In the area V for cleaning, the cylinder is "pre-cooled." After all, the steam inside is still about 160 ° C so from the outside by spraying in the cleaning zone of the cylinder jacket must be cooled so that the surface has 120 ° C. The requirement is clearly visible in which dynamics the temperature at the

Heat transfer elements changes. And one with it

Drying cylinder with heat transfer elements with low specific heat content requires. FIG. 38 shows the creping cylinder with WÜ groups connected in a rotating counterclockwise direction, wherein a condensate separator (47) is connected between the collector of the steam outlet. This significantly increases the heat transfer in the

Heat transfer elements and improved in the following WÜ group heat transfer and thus drying.

Thin-walled drying cylinder; Use, method, device, manufacturing

Description :

Dry and Yankee cylinders are currently being built as a thick-walled pressure body and are subject to safety reasons, a pressure limit and are thus in the amount of

Saturated steam temperature limited.

It is an object of the present application to replace the expensive and expensive thick-walled pressure hulls by the following construction:

• to design thin-walled hollow cylinders with ribs and multiple decks to obtain high rigidity

• Tubular cavities close to the thin surface too

lay,

• Manufacturing methods to achieve high-precision geometry

related to roundness and cylindrical flatness

describe,

• Thus saving a post-processing by turning,

• And finally to improve the efficiency of the drying cylinder.

The present thin-walled welded construction is made after inserting the prefabricated thin-walled open cylinder jacket into a precisely shaped mold chamber, followed by precise pressing by means of pressure pads to a firm connection by applying vacuum in the gap between the jacket blank and the mold chamber. Subsequently, the longitudinal seam is prepared and welded. The entire internals, consisting made of band, angle profile steel are directed by means of handling device accurately shaped and in this finished shell body, the form-fitting under vacuum in the mold chamber

remains connected, inserted and advantageously welded with low distortion in the CMT process without large heat input. By a crosswise application of closed tubular cavities, annular shaped tubes (frames) and axial

Forming tubes (stringer) gives the body great strength.

By means of openings, the cavities are formed via molding tubes

Support tubes connected to the hollow shaft to direct the heat transfer medium to the outside. Variants with double deck of crosswise applied profiles creates a stiff and

vibration-damping construction, which also withstands the forces of scrapers and pressure rollers and shoe rollers. This method and apparatus enables a variety of applications and has the advantage of high heat transfer and dynamic drying.

Advantages of the present production method.

At the moment YANKEE rolls a 90mm sheet. Due to the inaccuracy after welding is then - since a straightening is very difficult, almost every 15mm material turned off on both sides.

The thin-walled jacket, the form-fitting through the

Vacuum pressed to the mold chamber and receives highly accurate the desired outer contour. These methods are known especially in plastic construction. Also there is by means of vacuum the

Material pressed against the mold chamber. The thin steel jacket will not leave the mold chamber until it is finished. By means of suitable welding methods, such as the CMT (Cool Metal Transfer), hardly any heat is introduced. Also, thermal stresses, for example, as known, prevented by preheating the mold chamber. The large number of welds is matched by fully automatic robot welding.

It lends itself to the vocabulary of boat building.

The shell corresponds to the finished shell body (62).

The frames correspond to the annular shaped tubes (69).

The stringer correspond to the axial connection - profiles (70) of the frames

Variant A represents the drying cylinder with axially running cavities (63) under the jacket. These are supported crosswise by annular shaped tubes (frames).

Variant B represents the drying cylinder with radially or spirally encircling tubular cavities, which are supported in a cross shape by axially lying shaping tubes (stringer)

By eliminating the creators, which are installed at the drying cylinder, can in the present variants

Support structures are mounted inside as needed and thus a deflection of the cylinder can be prevented.

The crosswise arrangement of tubular cavities also results in double-deck variants which are used for dimensionally stable rolls, for example through-air dryers.

CN 104125871 and WO2015121951 describe in claim 1 as the main claim based on the achieve the "mated

condition "[paired state]" ... from outer This is described in claim 6, which is incorporated by reference herein, and which is hereby incorporated by reference. confirmed that the

Adjustment of the interspace of the weld Preparation from the outside by means of adjusting screws.

Thus, the A 53 2015 of the above-mentioned all 8 claims by the fact that the hollow cylinder is pressed from the inside by means of pressure pad to the outside mounted mold chamber.

Thus, the accuracy of the processing of the

Welded seam contour "... docking is implemented groove processing ..." The A 53 2015 achieved the accuracy of the

Weld by individual, applied from the inside,

Pressure pad with subsequent processing of the inside, welding the inside. Only after removing the entire structure, the weld is completed from the outside.

The present application has set itself the task, the large (up to 7.2m diameter, 6.5m working width)

Drying cylinder, currently with a material allowance

(Material allowance) of 2 x 15mm outside and inside, contour accurate (only with external cylindrical grinding) to produce. The

Stability of this thin-walled hollow cylinder by the internally welded ribs and multiple decks.

This high accuracy is achieved by the accurate fit of the thin-walled blank by means of vacuum suction on a precisely shaped molding chamber with crowning. The cheaper magnetic attraction is not effective with austenitic steels, so the use of vacuum.

The demarcation of the device of CN 104125871 and also WO2015121951, which addresses a process without vacuum, reads:

"For thin-walled wooden cylinders of up to 7m diameter and 6.5m working width and larger, the effort is due to the precise setting from the outside by means of numerous

Set screws (and this must be repeated for each piece

be repeated) compared with the method of pressing by means of pressure pad to a high-precision molding chamber with

Vacuum extraction incomparably too expensive. When ultrasonic cavities are detected by vibration and pressing, the dimensionally accurate contact is established during the action of the vacuum. "

In WO2011124340 AEROSPACE the deformation of a flat blank made of metal is described to a thin-walled shell body. In support of the effect of

Forming tool is the back of the workpiece

sealed and created a vacuum between the mold chamber and the workpiece. The present application acknowledges this technique. According to the invention, before the application of the vacuum

• A central pressure pad for pressing the blank,

• a device with several pressure pads introduced,

• Vibration or vibrating device improves nestling and makes it easier to adjust with lubricant.

• Achieving conformance using ultrasound

checked . Reference of the

51 Cylindrical blank without longitudinal seam welding

52 at least two-part support structure with molding chamber

53 Support device for supporting the pressure pad

54 U-beams above the lid

55 pressure pads inflatable

56 pipe feed for extraction

57 Seal between the half-shells

58 Lid removable as access to the longitudinal seam

59 Force device for holding and positioning

60 grinding and milling machine for contour production of the longitudinal seam

61 longitudinal seam welding machine

62 Finished shell body, 62a second appended

shell body

63 axial or spiral gas-tight cavity

64 air gap between the blank and the molding chamber

65 longitudinal seam welding, also angle welding

66 pressure pads over the longitudinal seam

67 CMT "Cool Metal Transfer" welding device

68 angles to form the tubular cavities

69 annular shaped tube carrier U-shaped frame

70 Profilformrohr in the longitudinal direction or stringer

71 Pipe connection Hollow shaft - Stringer

72 hollow shaft 72a hot steam side 72b wet steam side

73 wet steam collector

74 double deck either side of shell axial, stringer side

radial or crosswise or spiral, or more continuous

75 support tube without gas passage

76 Pipe connection Wet steam collector Hollow shaft

77 Heat transfer via rib

78 heat transfer via double deck

79 temperature fluid hot

80 temperature fluid warm

Index a refers to the axial direction of the cavity Index b refers to the annular / spiral design. Overview of the figures:

FIGS. 39 to 46a describe the production of the

thin-walled steel jacket. The fitting is incorporated into the at least two-part mold chamber and remains in it until final welding.

Figures 47 to 49 show the section and cross section of the finished cylinder.

FIGS. 50 to 55 describe methods of devices and uses of the arrangement of the internals and connection of the cylindrical cavities axially arranged on the hollow cavities to the hollow shaft. Option A.

Figures 57 and 61 show the incorporation of the tubular cavities (68) in helical helix. Variant B.

FIGS. 56 to 61 describe method devices and

Uses of the arrangement of the internals and connection of the cylinder jacket annular and or spirally arranged raw-shaped cavities to the hollow shaft.

Description of the figures in detail

FIG. 39 shows the state of the art both in plastic composite construction and in steel construction

rolled shell part (51) in the molding chamber (52). Without figure, a film or pad is inflated inserted and then connected the vacuum device. Air is sucked out (64) and the material clings to the

Molding chamber.

Figure 40 now shows the features of the present application. The divided mold chamber (52) is gas-tightly connected by seals (57). The inner contour of the molding chamber can optionally also a necessary crowning of the cylinder exhibit. On the outsides are also annular

Seals mounted in a groove. A

Support device (53) on which the pressure pad (55) are mounted. For larger diameters, it is advantageous to weld the longitudinal seam in the presence of the pressure pad.

Therefore, here the design with a U-carrier (54) of the cover on the support means (53) bridged and stabilized drawn. If then the lid because of the

Coat processing and subsequent welding is removed, the U-carrier takes over the force on the device (53). For connection to the exhaust, a pipe connection (56) is provided.

Figure 41 The support means (53) is outside of the

Support structure of the mold chamber by means of connection

supported. Also, this device is used for centering and for pushing the next adjacent shroud. After setting, the pressure pad (55a) is pressurized. The jacket sheet pressed on top. The jacket plate is pressed along the circumference of the mold chamber and pulled out.

Figure 42 The next step is to apply the

Pressure pad 55b and 55c. Again, the jacket sheet is pushed further and will rest almost seamlessly on the mold chamber.

FIG. 43, like FIG. 42, but with the pressure pads (55d) and (55e) acting on. Again, the air gap (64) is already further reduced.

Figure 44 After the pressure pad (55f) and (55h) are filled with vibrators and pressure fluctuation around the plate nestled. Only now is the pressure pad (55g) filled. Now the vacuum is suctioned through the pipes (56). Again, the best possible concern is achieved by vibration and pressure fluctuations in the pressure pad.

Figure 45 After the control of the air gap (64)

For example, measured with ultrasound, and the sheet is applied. If the pressure of the pressure pad (55g) is reduced and the lid (58) is opened and the pressure pad (55g) is removed. The excess length of the thin roll shell is abraded and the welding contour (60) of the seam is produced.

Figure 46 Subsequently, the longitudinal seam (61) with the

Welding machine (65) welded. The entire inner part is removed.

FIG. 46a shows the repetition of the process for another jacket shot. The already finished shell body (62) is under vacuum. Another cylindrical blank (51a) is inserted. The device is attached to the

Support device (53) pushed on-lying. The inflatable pressure pad (55) becomes as above

pressed one after the other. After applying the vacuum for the second part, the round welding

prepared and welded and the second longitudinal seam

prepared and welded.

Figure 47 Shows the product to be produced. With the finished shell body (62), which remains so in the mold chamber now the roll body is made. This consists of the angles (68) which form the tubular cavities The annular carrier made of profiled section tube (69) the spokes (71) made of tube or molded profile tube and the hollow shaft. The production is initially on the hand of the cylinder with axially arranged cavities that alternately change sides in the superheated steam supply.

FIG. 48 shows the supply of superheated steam from the left (72a) and from the right (72b) via the hollow shaft (72). And the spokes (76, 75) further into the annular bulkhead (69) and from there via holes in the cavities (68) along the lateral surface to the wet steam collector (73). From there via the tube (76) into the hollow shaft (72b).

Over the entire longitudinal section, the frames (69) are supported by support tubes (75) on the hollow shaft. For the return of the wet steam on the left side of the wet steam is passed over the collector and the forming tubes axially into the collector (73).

Figure 49 shows the cross section with these forming tubes (70) in section. This corresponds to the previously mentioned variant A with axially located cavities.

Figure 50 shows the inserted shell body (62) in the

Form chamber (52) in section. The vacuum device remains connected until it is opened. The angles (68) become

inserted. With the preceding angle and at the

Joint with the sheath (52) welded (65).

Figure 50a shows the imple mentation form by welding robot 61 the welding (65) by means of two welding heads in section.

FIG. 50b shows FIGS. 50 and 50a in plan view. Here, the welding device (61) is the second deck (74a, 74b) with

entangled inclined angle (68) to weld (65). The installation parts such as steel strip, section steel, U-profile pipe,

Angles (68) are loaded by hand with handling equipment and pressed on. The preformed built-in parts (68), for example in the form of a helix, are held against being scrapped. Figure 51 shows after completion of the first deck (74) from the angles (68) still in the mold chamber (52), which were welded to the finished shell body (62). Now, the gas-tight tubular cavities (63) are formed. The annular bulkhead (69) is now inserted and welded.

Figure 52 then shows the connection of the hollow shaft (72) with the spokes 71b through a tube.

FIG. 53 shows the installation of the stringer (70a) in conjunction with the former (69) and the connection of the hollow shaft (72) to the

Spokes (71a).

Figure 54 now shows the spokes of the wet steam side (71b) with the bulkhead (69) and the hollow shaft (72b).

Figure 55 now shows the finished welded cylinder (62) lifted out of the open mold chamber (52).

Figure 56 shows the construction with annular and / or

spiral cavities (63) consisting of the pre-rolled angles (68b). Advantageous for the temperature control is a double-flighted spiral in countercurrent (as it is also the case with the axial variant).

Now, the bulkhead (69b) is welded to the spokes (71b) and the stringers (70b) connect the bulkhead (69b) to the deck. Another will be shown, as before the support tubes (75) and the

Wet steam return (76) are mounted in the hollow shaft (72b).

FIG. 57 now shows the section of the inserted spiral-shaped (68b) cavities of variant B and their profile (68) via the jacket (62).

Figure 58 is a section through the B variant with the

Wet steam side at annular / spiral cavities at

Coat. Actually, only the position of the stringer (70b) and the ribs (69b) is reversed compared to the A variant. Figure 59 shows the supply line with superheated steam as

Stringer (70b) through the spokes (71b) with the

radially / spirally running cavities (68b).

Figure 60 shows a double deck version of variant B (74) for cylinders without steam supply. The axially extending deck (68) on the shell and the annular / spiral deck (69b) below.

Figure 61 shows the double deck version of variant B (74) for cylinders without steam supply. The annular / spiral deck (68a) on the shell and the annular / spiral deck. And this forms the double deck (TWIN HELIX) (24a) and (24b).

Gas-heated heated drying cylinder; Use,

Method, device

Drying, smoothing, (MG "machine glazed", machine smooth

Paper) Crepe, Yankee cylinders work as a pressure vessel with saturated steam.

IN FURTHER NOW DRY CYLINDER called.

Due to the large wall thickness results in a large specific resistance for the heat transfer. The main advantage, however, is the uniform temperature over the circumference and width, which is determined by the saturated steam temperature and guaranteed.

The present application has set itself the task:

• The heat transfer is across the width of the cylinder

by means of measures such as cross-sectional change,

Rib design, counterflow, designed so that the temperature is equal to the tolerances of the papermakers, the temperature is uniform across the width.

• To significantly increase the heat transfer of the dry cylinder jacket and to take advantage of the thermodynamic advantages of the thin wall thickness of the jacket.

• The seemingly irreversible path of saturated steam

To leave condensation for the uniform temperature distribution and the heat transfer by means of gas / air

Convection produce.

The heat transfer of 5 kWs / m ² ° K by condensing steam is the heat transfer 0.5 kWs / m ² ° K of air in

Fluidized bed opposite. Ten times the heat transfer is the tenth of the

Wall thickness of the present cylinder opposite, so that the heat transfer coefficient is about the same size.

The heat of condensation, which is approx. R = 2,000 kWs / kg at 170 ° C, is due to the comparatively low specific heat of air at approx. 400 ° C and 0.3 MPa of cp = lkWs / kg ° K

across from .

The height of the temperature in the case of full-jacketed cylinders are set for safety reasons, with limits of about 170 ° C. Whereas the hot air in the dryer hood of the YANKEE cylinder can be used up to 700 ° C. Assuming that the hot air after the dryer hood at about 400 ° C in the regeneration comes, the ΔΤ stands from the

Full jacket cylinder of 70 ° C a ΔΤ of 200 ° C opposite. The specific heat increases in gas / air

200kWs / kg. But still only a tenth of the

Condensation heat with steam. So, if a compact YANKEE cylinder uses 1.5 kg steam / s, you would need 15 kg / s for air. In addition, there is also a v = 0.2 kg / m ³ (170 °) and a v = 0, 6 kg / m ³ in air at 0.3 MPa and 400 ° C. This means that the flowing volume in air is three times higher.

For the same amount of heat per time, the 30-fold volume of air must be moved to steam.

The supply and discharge lines can no longer be guided over the hollow shaft of the cylinder because of the large cross sections.

The present application has set itself the task of solving this constructive requirement economically.

The design of the cylinder has the following possibilities shown here: • The tubes, which are concentrically mounted on the jacket, are airtightly docked via chambers on the sides to supply and remove the air.

• Fixed side walls of the cylinder, which seal with the jacket without contact. For example, using labyrinth seals. The drying hood also has the task to seal against the rotating cylinder.

• These fixed sidewalls of the cylinder also have the task to fulfill the zone heating of the YANKEE cylinder over the circumference.

For a compact YANKEE cylinder lies the

Fan speed depending on the method at about 500kW. As state of the art, the 400 ° C humid air saves energy the remaining heat in a heat exchanger to the supply air. The moist air is blown out with approx. 200 ° C.

The present application with the air / gas heating

allows the removal of the heat exchanger. The humid air (has better heat transfer rates anyway) is fed to the YANKEE cylinder at 400 ° C. The experts talk about a 60% heat input in the drying hood and the remaining 40% in the drying cylinder. This would be the same

Ratio of the planned temperature difference correspond.

The following requirements must be met by the present design:

• A uniform temperature profile across the width. The overheating of the solid shell cylinder at the edge of approx. 20 ° C must be compensated by means of crowning.

• The Finite Elements and Computed Fluid Dynamics

Calculations of the pipe-like channel system result in appropriate measures hardly deviate over the

Width.

These measures consist of:

• Additional ribs with ascending surface for discharge. FIG. 65.

• Counterflow principle for balancing the

Temperature drop. It will be alternately the

tube-like channels supplied from both sides with hot air. FIGS. 5d, 28 and 31.

• For a double double deck duct system

for the time being, the back was streamed with hot air. The

Hot air heats the cooler part of the shell-side channels in countercurrent. FIGS. 5e and 61.

• Reverse chambers then lead the slightly cooled hot air to the shell-side channels. FIG. 71.

• Outdoor fans increase the

Flow rate and regulate the mixture of hot air and circulating air. Figure 69.

• There are baffles on the stationary cylinder wall

attached, which is the circulation of hot air in the

Channels regulates. FIGS. 82 and 83.

An attached cooling device in the application zone cools the jacket. This prevents blistering.

Figure 68.

The risk of a new technology that has never been performed is matched by the following tangible economic advantages: • Reduction of the safety risk due to the reduction in pressure of 0.03MPa in the present technique versus IMPa vapor pressure in the solid bowl cylinder.

• Manufacturing costs: the cost of full-coat Yankee

Cylinders are due to the high safety checks and massive construction, as well as the processing of

Inner grooves very high. The present design has a mass and cost saving of 70%.

• breaking the temperature barriers. Currently, the Yankee cylinder contributes to heat transfer only in the first half of the turn. (The paper is hotter than the cylinder).

• The limitation of the size is canceled. Some MG cylinders have to be delivered to the construction site (total weights of 150t require high assembly and transport costs). The present construction can be manufactured, coated and ground at the construction site and thus has no limit in diameter and working width.

• Economic use by hot air. Only one more

Medium (steam is eliminated and would be available anyway only in limited temperature height.)

• Due to the zone heating it comes to a

counter-rotating heat exchange process. The wet paper / tissue is applied in a cool area.

In AT 390 975 Bl measures are known which the transmission of the fluid, which in the tubular channel system in

Axial direction cools and loses pressure, compensating by forming the variable cross-section

counteracts. The present measure is limited by this from AT 390.975 Bl, the ribs are welded to the shell side during the manufacture of the tubular channel system.

Cooling device under DE19619531, US446109, DE3532853 by means of pressing a metal strip on the paper web.

The cooling in US5966835 is carried out by means of cold air

inside the cylinder.

Circulating air :

The arrangement of US 1026608 of a stationary supply to the axially lying cavities relates to a through-air drying roll TAD. The fluid is injected to dry through the openings on the cylinder, the fabric. That is, the moisture is blown out of the web.

The present application relates to a cylinder without

Holes and is used for heating / cooling of

Mantelinnenfläche.

US5208955 VOITH blows the Fliud with suction and

Blowing devices through the hollow rotating pin of a drying roller. The present roller leads the hot air through a standing cover to the axially located cavities.

US 5966835 heats the jacket from the inside by means of an infrared burner. The hot gases are supplied to and removed via blower and air line via a stationary cover. The infrared burner is mounted on an axle that is pivotable. The bearing of the cylinder takes place with bearings which correspond to the diameter of the cylinder. The exhaust air of the burner is also used for heating. However, this is done by the IR burner inside the cylinder.

For the connection of the tubular duct systems, the following variants of the fluid guide are to be considered. la. Easy crossing upper deck (shell side) with

Measures for heat transfer compensation. FIGS. 62 to 67, 72.

Ib. Traverse with return in the lower deck (inside) by means of reversing chamber. FIG. 72.

2a. In the direction of alternating crossing in the upper deck. FIG. 73.

2 B. In the direction of alternating crossing between upper and lower deck by means of reversing chamber, advantageous with

Return in the upper deck, in order to use the heat transfer of the hotter air from the lower deck to the shell-side channel (upper deck) as heat transfer compensation. Figure 76.

2c. As in 2b. but with changing direction

Feeding alternately in the adjacent channels. So there is an inlet and outlet on each side of the cylinder. This design ensures the best possible temperature over the entire cylinder. Figure 77.

3a. Crossing in countercurrent with reference to upper deck and

Lower deck, advantageous with measures to compensate for the heat transfer in the shell-side deck. Optionally structured according to sector. FIG. 78. 3b. Crossing as in 3a. however, with the support of

Recirculation through an externally mounted fan, optionally in the individual sectors. Figure 79.

4a. Deflection of the fluid by means of vanes between upper deck and lower deck. Figure 80.

4b. Deflection of the fluid by means of vanes in the flat inclined angle of the channel with respect to the axial direction to bring about a relative to the paper viewed axial crossing. The return of the fluid takes place on the opposite side by means of upwardly directed downwardly directed vanes in a channel with a larger angle relative to the axial direction to move the gas faster against the direction of travel. For example, these are the following speeds. Circulation of the cylinder 72km / h so 20m / s. The medium flows between 100 and 160m / s. To achieve relative lateral movement, the shell-side channels will be aligned and executed at the ARCTAN angle. So about 12 degrees. FIG. 81.

4c. Deflection as in FIG. 4b, supply of the hot fluid takes place on the paper exit side (dry side) and the removal of the cool fluid opposite to the paper feed side in each case on the toroidal channel. FIGS. 82 and 83.

A combination of the previous variants.

When evaluating the variants from today's perspective, 2c appears advantageous: FIG. 72. The expense of four feeders on the cylinder is opposite: This design ensures the best possible temperature profile over the entire cycle

Cylinder. Thus, there is an inflow and outflow on each side of the cylinder, in quantity and temperature can be controlled independently of each other. Due to the uniform non-changing temperature control is on the thermal cycling on the safe side.

Technologically, the variants 4 seems promising. This becomes the course of a drying section of a

Paper machine most likely to do justice. The drying process starts after the paper application with low temperature on

Drying cylinder and not only increases in the

Drying hood but by the countercurrent principle on the Yankee.

Reference signs of the FIGURES:

81 Drying, smoothing, creping, Yankee cylinders

82 cylinder jacket having the tubular channel system

83 cylinder cover, also as a double cover for fluid supply hot supply 83h, cooler discharge 83k, 83a

Drive side, 83b operator side.

84 Cylinder shaft, also as a hollow shaft for fluid supply

85 Heat transfer element WÜ element.

86 Tubular canal system, also as double deck,

Double helix 86a upper deck, 86b lower deck

87 ribs as additional WÜ element

88 Cross section change of the channel

89 Stationary sidewall

90 fluid feed, 90a drive direction, 90b direction control

91 Fluid discharge, 91a towards the drive, 91b towards the operator

92 distribution funnel

93 Department of the section

94 Wall divider of the sectors

95 Drying hood wet part X

96 Drying hood Drying section Y

97 drying cylinder hot sector

98 drying cylinder hot sector

99 drying cylinder cooling sector

100 paper job

101 spray chemical binder

102 cooling device

103 crepe scraper

104 recirculation line

105 fan

106 Stationary distributors

107 Toroidal channel, reverse chamber

108 vane 108a drive side, 108b operator side

109 seal

110 support

111 shoe press, Hertzian pressure

112 end cover

113 passage

114 reversing chamber 114a drive side, 114b operator side

115 Flow Relative axial flow Transverse direction, 115o Upper deck

116 reverse flow opposite direction of travel 115u lower deck

117 Running direction of the tubular channel system in the jacket

118 deflection by guide vanes 118o from the upper deck into

Lower deck, 118m lower deck to the upper deck

119 Angle between axis and tubular duct system

INDICES a drive side, b operator side,

h hot air, k cooling air

o upper deck, u lower deck Overview figures:

Figures 63 to 67 show drying cylinders with tubular channels in only one direction. Measures for the uniform design of the temperature profile is shown in FIGS. 65 and 66.

Figures 68 to 71 show the installation in a drying hood.

Figures 72 to 79 illustrate solutions for the arrangement of tubular channel systems in countercurrent principle and their supply and discharge. The temperature control by means of sectors with different temperatures is shown in FIGS. 76 to 79.

Figures 80 to 22 form the accelerated fluid flow by means of vane and reversing chamber.

Description of the figures in detail:

Figure 62 A drying cylinder (81) with a stable jacket

formed from upper deck by way of example of tubular cavities (86), cylinder jacket (82). The spokes (90) and ribs (91) take both carrier and fluid supply and discharge and are based in this case on the hollow shaft (84). Due to the large volume flow in the air heating are the supply and

Derivatives in the hollow shaft limits set. The cross section is shown in FIG. 73.

Figure 63 Shows the heat transfer elements (85) WÜ elements called in axial design. The WÜ elements are designed in such a way that minimal wall thicknesses are created and the supporting elements also give the jacket the necessary rigidity.

However, as shown in FIGS. 62 and 73, this construction has to be connected to a stiffening structure, frames, stringers with the hollow shaft.

FIG. 64 shows the design possibility of the WÜ elements (85) with a variable cross-section (88) to form the tubular channel system (86).

In Figure 65, the attachment of a rib is shown as an additional WÜ element. The height of the rib (87) is

designed to oppose the decreasing temperature of the fluid and has increasing area in the flow direction.

Figure 66 shows the arrangement of the drying cylinder (81) as a wire model with the cylinder jacket (82) with the preceding channels. Essential to this construction is the stationary side wall (89), which is sealed without contact relative to the jacket (82). Also, the drying hood (95) (96) is sealed with sealing element relative to the rotating shell (82). Advantageous is a labyrinth seal. The shown variant has two sectors (93) which are provided by means of wall dividers of the sectors. The supply air flows via the fluid line (90) into the WÜ elements (85) and flows out via the fluid discharge line (91) for further use.

Figure 67 shows, mutatis mutandis, the preceding construction with three sectors. Also with 3 wall dividers (94) of the sectors on the supply air and exhaust side. The coat (82) is with the

Distribution funnel (92) connected to the shaft (84). The variant shown has three sectors (93) by means of

Wall dividers (94) of the sectors are provided.

FIG. 68 illustrates the integration of the air heater as shown in FIG. 67 into the overall concept. With (95) the

Dry hood wet part with (96) the dry hood dry part. The hot part of the sector of the drying cylinder (97) whose exhaust air is led into the warm sector of the drying cylinder (98) and from there finally into the cool sector of the drying cylinder

Drying cylinder (99) passes.

The shoe press on the drying cylinder (100), the spraying device (101) sprays the chemical binder on.

According to the invention, the attached cooling device (102) is provided for cooling the hot jacket prior to spraying.

The creping doctor (103) releases the paper from the drying cylinder. The supply line (90) is attached to the operator side. The entire concept envisages that the exhaust air of the dryer hood wet part (97) is fed to the sector (98). From there in (99) and finally to (90). From there, the air is still circulated at about 200 ° C in the regeneration.

Figure 69 shows the possibility of increasing the

Heat transfer through an air line (104), which increases the speed of the fluid by means of fan (105). Of the stationary lid (89) becomes airtight to the drying cylinder

(81) with non-contact labyrinth seal.

Figure 70 shows the WÜ elements (85) in the three sectors connected to the air ducts (97) (98) and (99).

By means of wall dividers (94), the sectors are separated from each other.

Figure 71 places the stationary lid (106) in one

Variant which allows a seal (109) of smaller diameter. With (107) the reversing chamber is shown with (108) the vane, the air from the upper deck into the

Lower deck leads and on the opposite side

vice versa, ie from lower deck leads to upper deck and

accelerated. The cylinder cover (83) carries the tubular duct system (86).

FIG. 72 illustrates the shell (82) with the tubular one

Channel system (86) which is executed for example as a helix. The jacket is from the cylinder cover (83) with tubular

Wells (86) supported. (119) shows the slope of the helix.

Figure 73 Here, the supply of the simple deck in the alternate countercurrent of the adjacent cavities in

Longitudinal section shown. In Figure 62 is the corresponding

Cross section drawn. The lead (90) is split on both sides into (90a) and (90b). These lines are each connected to a toroidal cavity. The two discharges - the (90 a) and (90 b) are opposite - in a collector (91 a) and (91 b) out and from there into the discharge (91). The raw channel system will now alternate

flowed. From the left via a bore to the supply line (90b), the fluid flows in the opposite direction to the right into the collector (91a)

• From the right via a bore to the supply line (10a), the fluid flows in the opposite direction on the left into the collector for the discharge line (91b). The compound of (91b) to (91a) is not apparent in this drawing.

Figure 74 shows a cross section through the shoe press (111) which presses with lOOkN per meter on the jacket (82). The roller presses on an area with approx. 50mm. This results in a surface pressure of about 4N / mm ² on the upper deck (86o). Here is also clear that the ribs (87) also for

Contribute to support. The lower deck (86u) contributes

Stiffness at.

Figure 75 shows the figure 74 in plan view. The Hertzian pressure is shown in box (111). The rib (87) in

Top view is clearly drawn for clarity. The intersecting tubular cavities of the upper deck 86o and the lower deck 86u form double counter-rotating HELICES.

Figure 76 shows the terminals (90) and (91) over the

double-walled cover and in the hollow shaft the end cover (112) and the third (113).

Figure 77 The hollow shaft (84) carries the double-walled lid, with (90a) the drive-side feed, with (91b) the

operator-side derivative (in the upper deck), with (91a) the

drive-side lead and with (90b) the operator-side feed (in the lower deck) and these covers carry the jacket (82).

FIG. 78 shows simple lateral connection possibility with hot feed (90) and cool discharge (91) over the Double-headed cylinder cover hot (83h) and cool (83k). (114) shows the reversing combs.

FIG. 79 shows FIG. 78 in a double-sided design.

Figures 80 and 81 show the wireframe / 3D model and illustrates the implementation of a zig-zag passage of air counter to the rotary motion of the drying cylinder. In Figure 68, the feed (90) and discharge (91) are shown in triplicate. Here, the supply (90b) on the operator side to the upper deck and in the standing cover the discharge (91a) on the drive side in the lower deck are shown in the standing (89) lid operator side. This arrangement leads to a movement away

(115) in the upper deck and a return movement (116) in the lower deck. With the toroidal double lids (83bk) and

(83bh) and their connection points, the connection to the stationary supply and discharge lines is shown.

FIG. 82 This plan view represents the cylinder jacket as

Settlement dar. It shows the implementation of the zigzag

Passage reinforced by the arrangement of the upper deck at a slight inclination to the axis. The supply air (90o) takes place on the operating side to the upper deck. So that the path movement (115) by the faster flow in relation to the speed of the shell in the direction of the paper takes place parallel to the axis. The much larger angle of the lower deck leads to a Gegengegenbewegung (116) - in relation to the

Speed of the paper in the running direction (117) - the flowing fluid and this passes after the reversing chamber (114a) on the drive side. To then flow through zig-zag as long as in the derivative (91a) the fluid on the

Drive side flows out. In the course of this Zick (115) Zack-

(116) Flow cools the fluid in the upper deck. Where the temperature profile across the axis for the paper is made the same height by variable in height ribs. Figure 83 shows an improvement in the effect of the deflection (118) of the zig (115) zag (116) flow through vanes (108) in the diverter chambers (107). With (108a) on the

Drive side and (108b) on the operator side. The

Guide vane (108b) is mounted on the cylinder shell (107b) on the upper deck on the operator side. The vane (108a) is mounted on the cylinder cover (107a) on the lower deck on the drive side

Thermal expansion of the drying cylinder:

In practice, the solid bowl drying cylinder is very sensitive to temperature changes. Storage, crowning.

The rotating temperature field in the drying cylinder FIG. 79 to 83 in claims 43 to 50 could be up to more than ΔΤ = 200 ° C. in terms of process engineering. This means a circumferential increase: thermal expansion steel 11.1 10 ^{~ 8} [m. ° / m], half circumference 5m. As = 11.1 10 ^{~ 8} x 5 x 200 = 11.1 10 ^{~ 2} = 0.1 mm.

Claims

claims

Device consisting of one with a

Heat transfer medium, for example, with steam, hot air heat transfer oil heated working surface, in particular a heated mold, a heated plunger or a heated pressure plate or a heated cylinder, for example, for tissue and paper machines, the working surface on a wear-resistant,

thermally conductive surface layer (1), in particular a metal sheet, for example, the cylinder jacket, which is supported by a metallic base body (3), for example a core cylinder, hereinafter called coaxial double cylinder with annular gap and wherein the

Metal sheet on the core cylinder surface facing and this surface layer, with a number of, preferably parallel to each other, in particular parallel to the axis of the core cylinder extending grooves (2) is provided and wherein the heating of the working surface by supplying the heat transfer medium, in particular

Hot air, steam, heat transfer oil into the grooves, characterized in that the surface layer (1), for example, cylinder jacket either a plate with rough pre-rolled grooves (2) or grooves, or a sheet with welded ribs (6) or fins exists in the following called internally grooved cylinder jacket. FIGS. 1 and 2

Process for the preparation of the internally grooved

Cylinder jacket, according to claim 1, characterized in that the pre-rolled grooved plates (1) or sheets with welded-on ribs (6) in the planar state by means of

Device held, for example, magnetic, vacuum clamping and the grooves (2) with over at least a portion of their length is a steadily, preferably uniformly, machined changing cross section and cross-sectional shape machined, and the welding edges are milled, for example, the contact plane to the core cylinder (3) is processed and then the sheets are rolled into a cylinder and welded and placed on the core cylinder (3) preferably shrunk. FIG. 4

3. Process for the preparation of the internally grooved

Cylinder jacket (1) according to claim 2, characterized

in that connecting grooves are milled transversely to the grooves, so that grid-shaped ribs or nubs are formed.

4. Process for the preparation of the internally grooved

Cylinder jacket (1) according to claim 2, characterized

in that molded profiles (1) are welded onto the core (3) (7). FIG. 4

5. Process for the preparation of the internally grooved

Cylinder jacket (1) according to claim 2, characterized

characterized in that high speed milled

Surface elements are welded to the core.

6. Device consisting of one with a

Heat transfer medium, preferably steam, heated

Working surface, in particular a heated mold, a heated press die or a heated press plate or a heated cylinder, for example, for tissue and paper machines, the work surface od on a heat-conductive surface layer (1), in particular a metal sheet. Like. , for example the

Cylinder shell, located, of a metallic one

Base body (3), for example, a core cylinder, is worn, characterized in that the

Surface layer (1), for example, outer

Cylinder shell (lb) for example made of high-alloy abrasion-resistant, wear-resistant, hard material and the inner cylinder shell (la), for example, mild steel, good weldable steel of high fatigue strength and these are metallically connected to each other by the method of plating.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the surface layer (lb) consists of martensitic steel, for example 1.4034. Figure 5a, 5b.

8. surface layer (lb) of wear-resistant steel of the device according to claim 6, characterized in that the alloy of the steel of the casting material for

Drying cylinder corresponds.

9. Process for Working the Surface Layer (lb)

according to claim 7 and 8, characterized in that hardened, for example by means of flame or induction hardening and this is ground.

10. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the inner cylinder shell (la) of good

thermally conductive material such as aluminum, copper alloy exists.

11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the internally grooved cylinder jacket (23) by means of inserted heat insulators (8) such as underlaid insulation layer, forming a

Air gap, narrow joints with the

Body, so that the contact from the grooved interior

Cylinder jacket (23) designed to be low on the base body, is attached to the base body (3) or is designed to be self-supporting. FIG. 8.

12. The device according to claim 11, characterized in that the at least one groove, a groove of the

internally grooved cylinder jacket are formed as tubular cavities (2), hereinafter

Called heat transfer element, and these are connected at the ends with at least one collector (27, 28).

FIG. 25, 26.

13. Apparatus according to claim 11 and 12, characterized

characterized in that the sheet with welded ribs or fins as a closed cavity (2) - heat transfer element - is formed.

14. Apparatus according to claim 11 to 13, characterized

in that the heat transfer elements (1) are preferably machined on the outside with a

Surface protection, for example thermal

Spray layer, and then preferably ground, polished, executed.

15. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the heat transfer elements on an am

Basic body (3) attached insulating layer (8)

cohesively, for example by gluing,

positively, for example, each other in the transverse direction by means of entanglement, stapling, for example as

articulated executed plate band (15), are connected tensile strength and tensioned by means of clamping device (20) like a chain, are frictionally secured. FIG. 18.

16. The apparatus according to claim 11 to 15, characterized

characterized in that the heat transfer elements with a non-positively entangling wear plate (23) advantageously introduced with an intermediate space

Thermal paste, preferably on areas of the

Higher / lower heat demand with heat conductive paste of higher / lower conductivities adapted, provided, executed. FIG. 20.

17. The apparatus according to claim 11 to 16, characterized

characterized in that at least two tubular

Cavities of the heat transfer elements by means of collectors (30, 31) at the ends, or by means of openings (27), (29) transversely to the tubular cavities (2) are connected at the ends, in countercurrent of the heat transfer medium, ie in the direction of entry returned, connected. FIG. 28.

18. The apparatus according to claim 17, characterized in that initially supplying the heat transfer elements, the are carried out in countercurrent, alternately from one side and the other side (35), advantageously in each case the temperature is controlled independently of one another,

is trained. FIG. 31.

19. The apparatus according to claim 17 and 18, characterized

characterized in that these are connected in series

are formed.

20. Device according to claim 17 to 19 characterized

characterized in that they are formed connected in groups.

21. Apparatus according to claim 17 to 20 characterized

characterized in that these switchable (37), (38) in

Heat flow connected are formed. FIG. 36.

22. The apparatus according to claim 21, characterized in that the temperature profile of this heat flow the

Requirements for heat transfer to the medium (4)

adapted, for example in countercurrent, with

circulating temperature profile, switchable connected. FIG. 37.

23. Apparatus according to claim 12 to 22, characterized

in that the heat transfer elements are made of highly conductive material, for example copper,

Aluminum, bronze, are formed.

24. Apparatus according to claim 11 to 23, characterized

in that the internally grooved cylinder jacket (23) with an already existing bearing surface, for example Yankee cylinder, crepe cylinder,

Drying cylinder, connected configured.

25. Apparatus according to claim 12 to 24, characterized

characterized in that in addition to the heat transfer elements and additional cavities with their own media supply, for example, dry air (32) with holes (33) to the surface of the internally grooved cylinder shell purpose

Through-air drying TAD Through Air Drying are inserted inserted. FIG. 27. Device according to claims 16 to 25, characterized

characterized in that the steam between the

Heat transfer elements a condensate - separator (47) is interposed and this example on

rotating cylinder is attached. Figure 38.

26. A method of forming a substantially

cylindrical blank (51) made of metal to a

thin-walled shell body (62), wherein the cylindrically prepared yet still at the weldable longitudinal seam (65) still open blank (51) over its circumference in a, advantageously with seal (63) provided two-part support structure with a forming chamber (52) which optionally one Cambering, with means which at the ends of annular seals (64) and opening (56) is provided for the suction of the air, and optionally with

Lubricant is coated, is inserted, characterized in that by means of the following

Process steps:

• the blank (51), by means of vacuuming the air between

Blank (51) and forming chamber (52) is pressed to contour and if the pressing is not made,

Optionally a cylindrical pressure pad is introduced and pressurized so that the blank (51) is pressed and seal blank and mold chamber (52) and the air space between the blank and the mold chamber via vacuum connection (56) is sucked off and the blank conforms to the contour, optionally for large cylinders, for example

Yankee cylinders follow the following process steps,

a support device (53) with at least one

Pressure pad (55) and optionally an axial opening with cover (58) in the region of the planned longitudinal seam, above which a support (54), the rigidity in

Removing the lid (58) accommodates is introduced into the interior of the blank (51) and

the support structure supported by means of force means (59) relative to the support structure (52) and in terms of height

adjustable essentially centrally introduced and furnished and

the pressure pad (55a) is pressurized beginning with the planned longitudinal seam on the opposite side and the blank (51) is attached to the forming chamber

(52) is pressed and subsequently - Figure 40 - press on both sides adjacent pressure pad (55b, 55c) and this process is repeated until

all pressure pads (55d, 55e) and (55f, 55g) and then

(55h) are under pressure and this pressure is then increased, so that the blank is almost airtight against the two outer, annular seals (64) and - Figures 41 to 44 - the air is sucked through the openings (56) and the blank ( 51) contours exactly to the forming chamber (52) and abuts

optionally by pressure vibrations in the pressure pad, the adaptation of the blank (51) to the forming chamber (52) is supported and

optionally after ultrasonic measurement the absence of a

Interspace between the blank (51) and forming chamber (52) is detected and the two preceding

Procedural steps are repeated and • then the pressure pads are emptied and the support structures are removed with pressure pads, or alternatively only the pressure pad (55h) below the lid (58) is emptied and the lid (58) is removed, - Figure 45 -

• the excess lengths of the blank are removed by means of device (60), the weld preparation is carried out and

• the longitudinal seam (61) by means of means (67) advantageously pulsating - for example, CMT (cold metal transfer) with low heat input - is welded - Figure 45 - and

If necessary, the devices (53) (60) (67) are removed, so that the shell body (62) for further

Processing is freely accessible, is produced.

Figures 38 to 46.

27. The method according to claim 26, characterized in that after completion of a shell body (62), a further blank (51a) below in the overlong

Forming chamber - is inserted with the lid still open (58) - and after the pressure pad (55) on the other blank (51 a) are moved, the method as in claim 26 is repeated and connect the two shell parts (62) and (62 a) about running

Welding edges are prepared and the round seam

then welded. Figure 46a.

28. The method according to claim 26 and 27, characterized

characterized in that the intermediate space (64) between

Mold chamber (52) and the shell body (62) is further set under vacuum and thus during further processing, optionally welding of steel parts

(68), (69), (70), (71), (72) and (73) for accuracy and least heat distortion by the contact of the

Shell body (62) with the forming chamber (52) to

ensure that the mold chamber (52) is pressed to contour. Figure 50a.

29. A method for producing a rigid thin-walled cylinder (51) with a, on the inside of a in a support structure with mold chamber (52) inserted shell body (62), optionally by pressing by means of pressure pad the air gap (64) has been minimized, characterized in that the built-in parts such as steel strip,

Section steel, U-profile tube, angles (68), with

Handling device for forme-loading inserting and pressing the preformed built-in parts (68), for example in the form of a helix and this, for example in the form of another counter-rotating helix in the second deck (74)

is repeated and then annular

Formrohrträger (69), forming tubes in the longitudinal direction as

Stringer (70), pipe connection (71) with the shaft (72) in the - further under negative pressure - intermediate space (64) of the composite of support structure with mold chamber (52) and shell body (62) by means of welding method with low heat input, for example CMT method , are welded, and this advantageously by means

Welding robot (61) takes place. FIG. 50b.

30. An apparatus for producing contour-accurate thin-walled hollow cylinder consisting of an at least two-part support structure, which is designed airtight by means of seal (57) between the half shells, and a mold chamber (52) a precise - either with crowning

provided - has inner contour and pipe feeds to a vacuum device, for the purpose of suction

attached are attached (56), thereby

in that a support device (53) for the Supporting the inflatable pressure pad (55) in the

Mold chamber (52) is formed inserted and this

Support device (53) in the longitudinal direction of a U-carrier (54) with removable cover (58) and this, the support device (53) outside with the

support symmetrical compression forces occurring, as well as having a vibration and pressure vibration device and after removal of the cover (58) with a grinding,

Milling machine (60) for contour production of the longitudinal seam and also with a longitudinal seam welding machine (61)

Is provided. FIG. 45.

31. The device according to claim 31, characterized in that the support structure with the forming chamber (52) is formed over long, the support means (53) on the U-carrier (54) slidably, and the thin-walled

Hollow cylinder added another tube shot,

is designed. Figure 50a.

32. Apparatus according to claim 31 and 32, characterized

in that the support structure with the forming chamber (52) is designed to be rotatable about the axial direction by means of a rotating device and the tube feed (56) for the vacuum in the intermediate space (64) between the forming chamber (52) and

finished shell body (62) is designed so that the negative pressure remains upright.

33. Apparatus for producing contour-accurate thin-walled hollow cylinder consisting of an at least two-part support structure, which is designed airtight by means of seal (57) between the half shells, and a mold chamber (52) which a precise - either with crowning

attached are attached (56), and the Supporting structure with molding chamber (52) is designed to be rotatable about the axial direction by means of a rotating device and has a welding robot (61), characterized in that said welding robot (61) is a handling device for forging and inserting the preformed installation parts such as flat, angle, profile , U-section steel (68) is connected upstream. FIG. 50b.

34. Use of the method and / or apparatus according to one of claims 26 to 33 for the production of thin-walled and rigid drying cylinder, Yankee cylinder, through-air dryers, characterized in that

the following sequence of steps:

• Inserting section steel (20), angles (18), the

advantageous already in the places of the cooler

Steam with turbulence (pins grooves, ribs) are provided so that thus the lower heat transfer can be compensated, forming tubes (20), U-profile tube (23), further referred to as Einlegteile in, substantially axial direction, on the

Shell body, and

• tight welding of the inserts with the shell body (12) and tight welding of the inserts with each other form a gas-tight tubular cavity (27) until after circulation a double deck (24) is formed and

• optionally repeating the previous one

Steps for introducing an at least second double deck and

• Introduction of rings as frames (19), advantageously as an open blank made of molded tube (20), U-profile (23) on the double deck (24) and

• Drill holes and passages to

Connection of the closed tubular cavity (27) to the heat carrier line and • Welding the blanks into rings and with the

Double deck (24) and

• Optionally repeating the previous one

Work steps and

• Introduction of forming tube (20), U-profiles, angle (18) as a stringer (20) substantially in the axial direction of the frames and subsequent welding and

• Insertion of molding tubes (20), tubes (21) as

Spokes (21) and connecting to the shaft (21)

• Then the removal of the workpiece from the

Shaping chamber (2) for further processing. FIG. 47, 48.

35. Use of the method and / or apparatus according to claims 26 to 34 for the manufacture of

Drying cylinder, Yankee cylinder, through-air dryers, characterized in that the hot steam line (72) consists of shaft (72) further over the open

connected spokes (72) open connected to the frames (68) connected to the double deck formed from (68) and (62) axially running under the cylinder jacket to the annular U-profile as a wet steam collector (73), which then over the open connected spokes (76) in the outlet side of the shaft (72 b) is designed derivable. FIG. 48.

36. Use of the method and / or apparatus according to claims 26 to 34 for the manufacture of

Drying cylinder, Yankee cylinder, through-air dryers, characterized in that alternately the axial gas-tight cavity (77) to the

Steam line (72a) and the wet steam collector (73a) are connected, that an alternating counterflow is formed.

37. Use of the method and / or apparatus according to claims 26 to 34 for the manufacture of

Dry cylinder, Yankee cylinder, through-air dryers, characterized in that the round bent angle (68) and / or forming tubes (70) annularly, or

spirally inserted at least catchy and gas-tight welded arranged. Figure 57.

38. Use of the method and / or apparatus according to claims 26 to 34 for the manufacture of

Drying cylinder, Yankee cylinder, through-air dryers, characterized in that alternately the

annular / spiral gas-tight cavity (77) are connected to the hot steam line (72a) and the wet steam collector (73a) such that an alternating counterflow is formed. FIG. 56.

39. Use of the method and / or apparatus according to claims 26 to 34 for the manufacture of

Drying cylinder, Yankee cylinder through-air dryers, characterized in that a double deck (74) is formed, either with axial angles attached to the shell (62) and then annular or spiral,

Cavities (77) are applied, or annular or spiral cavities (77) on the jacket (62) and

then with axially mounted angles form the second deck and a double deck (74) is arranged.

FIG. 61.

40. Coaxial double cylinder with cavities in the annular gap for heat transfer, for example drying cylinders,

Crepe cylinder, Yankee cylinder, Yankee cylinder,

Through-air dryer consisting of a hollow rotatable

Roll body (81) having a coaxial double cylinder with cavities in the annular gap jacket (82), a cylinder cover (83) and feed lines (90) and discharges (91), and inside axially, obliquely or crossing to

Axis direction at least one layer or deck of one

tubular channel system (86), characterized

characterized in that the operation takes place by means of hot gas or hot air. FIG. 62.

41. Coaxial double cylinder with cavities in the annular gap for heat transfer according to claim 40, characterized in that the tubular channel system (86) on the shell side (82) ribs (87) for stiffening and / or improving the heat transfer, and that optionally these ribs ( 87) are designed with variable size, height, thickness, or optionally the cross section of the tubular

Channel system (86) varies in height in the flow direction. FIGS. 64 and 65.

42. Coaxial double cylinder with cavities in the annular gap for heat transfer according to claim 40 and 41 characterized

characterized in that the gas supply (90) is arranged in alternating sequence in countercurrent and optionally that the tubular channel system (86) on the opposite side of the feed has a reversing chamber (114), so that the gas / air in the nearest cavity to

Derivative (91) is returned. FIG. 81.

43. Coaxial double cylinder with cavities in the annular gap for heat transfer, for example drying cylinders (81), Creping cylinder, Glättylinder, Yankee cylinder with a hollow rotatable roller body of a roll shell (82) of the inside axially, or obliquely to the axial direction,

tubular hollow body open on both sides and this channel system (86) is flowed through during operation with tempering - medium and at both ends on the cylinder cover

(83) is connected to a roll neck (84), characterized in that the roll body (81) with the

Sheath (82), with at least one stationary sidewall

(89), or with one on the double cover (83) and a co-rotating ring attached thereto, adjacent to a stationary axially concentric tube and sealing example with labyrinth seal or O-ring (109) is arranged and this stationary side wall (89) or The stationary tube (104) is connected to a pressure blower (105) or suction fan. FIG. 71.

44. Coaxial double cylinder with cavities in the annular gap for heat transfer according to claim 40 to 43 characterized

characterized in that the angle (119) of the channel system to the axial direction on the shell-side deck, greater than zero and approximately the Areatangens from the ratio of

Flow rate corresponds by peripheral speed, is executed. FIG. 72.

45. Coaxial double cylinder with cavities in the annular gap for heat transfer according to claim 44, characterized in that at the inlet (107a) - advantageously also outlet side (107b) of the tubular channel system (86) guide vanes (108) are mounted with curvature. Figure 82.

46. Coaxial double cylinder with cavities in the annular gap for heat transfer according to claim 44, characterized in that on the stationary side wall (89) has a toroidal Channel (107) the tubular channel system (86) on

shell-side deck and on the inner deck with each other

enclosing and the vanes (108) are formed so that the fluid alternately in zig (115) - zigzag movement (116) flows through the channel system, are mounted. Figure 82.

47. Coaxial double cylinder with cavities in the annular gap for heat transfer according to claim 46, characterized in that the feed line (90b) to the toroidal channel (107) in the vicinity of the Papierabtrages (103) - ie the hot zone - and the derivative (91a) on opposite torus-shaped channel near the paper application (99) - that is mounted in the cool zone. Figure 80, 81.

48. Temperature control method for coaxial

Double cylinder with cavities in the annular gap to

Heat transfer according to claim 40 to 47, characterized

characterized in that the rotating temperature field is controlled by the inflow and suction speed.

49. Cooling zone for a coaxial double cylinder with cavities in the annular gap for heat transfer, for example

Drying cylinder, creping cylinder, Yankee cylinder,

Yankee cylinder having a hollow rotatable roller body having a coaxial double cylinder with cavities in the annular gap and a jacket (82) axially inside, or obliquely to the axial direction, tubular cavities (86) and this channel system in operation with temperature - medium

is flowed through and at both ends of a roll neck (84), characterized in that in the jacket region (82) between paper application (100) and paper removal (103) a cooling zone (102) prior to the application (101) of chemical binders, for example, by cooled felting roll . Pressed cooled felt belt, cold blowing by means of cool fluid is attached. Figure 68.

50. drying section of a paper machine consisting of

at least two drying cylinders (81), consisting of a cylinder jacket with a tubular channel system (82),

Cylinder cover (83), cylinder shaft (84) by

in that the tubular channel systems (82) are connected in countercurrent to one another via air ducts

are connected, in particular via fluid supply (90 a) flow through the first drying cylinder (81 a) in the direction of the operating side, connection of the first and second

Drying cylinder with air line (104), flow through the second drying cylinder (81b) in the direction of the drive and connection to the fluid outlet (91a) is connected to counterbalance the temperature. FIG. 5c.