WO2016080399A1 - 哺乳動物の標的ゲノム領域にdnaをノックインする方法及び細胞 - Google Patents
哺乳動物の標的ゲノム領域にdnaをノックインする方法及び細胞 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016080399A1 WO2016080399A1 PCT/JP2015/082279 JP2015082279W WO2016080399A1 WO 2016080399 A1 WO2016080399 A1 WO 2016080399A1 JP 2015082279 W JP2015082279 W JP 2015082279W WO 2016080399 A1 WO2016080399 A1 WO 2016080399A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- dsb
- plasmid
- grna
- site
- target sequence
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 101710163270 Nuclease Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 108091034117 Oligonucleotide Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-[[5-(2-amino-6-oxo-1H-purin-9-yl)-3-hydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(5-methyl-2,4-dioxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl]oxy-5-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)oxolan-2-yl]methyl [5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] hydrogen phosphate Polymers Cc1cn(C2CC(OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3OP(O)(=O)OCC3OC(CC3O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)C(COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3COP(O)(=O)OC3CC(OC3CO)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3ccc(N)nc3=O)n3cc(C)c(=O)[nH]c3=O)n3cnc4c3nc(N)[nH]c4=O)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)n3cnc4c(N)ncnc34)O2)c(=O)[nH]c1=O JLCPHMBAVCMARE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000013612 plasmid Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 108091033409 CRISPR Proteins 0.000 claims description 49
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000003007 single stranded DNA break Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 108020005004 Guide RNA Proteins 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000005782 double-strand break Effects 0.000 description 66
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 53
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 39
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 16
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 15
- 108091008053 gene clusters Proteins 0.000 description 12
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 9
- 238000012300 Sequence Analysis Methods 0.000 description 9
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 8
- 108091028043 Nucleic acid sequence Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 7
- 108010017070 Zinc Finger Nucleases Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 238000010222 PCR analysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013613 expression plasmid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000520 microinjection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008263 repair mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 108091032973 (ribonucleotides)n+m Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 101100329196 Homo sapiens CYP2D6 gene Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006801 homologous recombination Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002744 homologous recombination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 108091081021 Sense strand Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101150063416 add gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000010362 genome editing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006780 non-homologous end joining Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004940 nucleus Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 2
- 101150010738 CYP2D6 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 108010015742 Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000003849 Cytochrome P450 Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 102000053602 DNA Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 2
- 108700008625 Reporter Genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 108020004682 Single-Stranded DNA Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004436 artificial bacterial chromosome Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012239 gene modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108020004999 messenger RNA Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000013600 plasmid vector Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000013518 transcription Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035897 transcription Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108091079001 CRISPR RNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 description 1
- 108020004638 Circular DNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010001237 Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100021704 Cytochrome P450 2D6 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000033616 DNA repair Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007018 DNA scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004568 DNA-binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 108700024394 Exon Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 101150066002 GFP gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012408 PCR amplification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000006382 Ribonucleases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010083644 Ribonucleases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010042573 Superovulation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108091028113 Trans-activating crRNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710105527 Type II restriction enzyme FokI Proteins 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000692 anti-sense effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000805 cytoplasm Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007876 drug discovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036267 drug metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000034287 fluorescent proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091006047 fluorescent proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000005017 genetic modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013617 genetically modified food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002429 large intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004962 mammalian cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940046166 oligodeoxynucleotide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000000496 pancreas Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010827 pathological analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013492 plasmid preparation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001778 pluripotent stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001082 somatic cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000952 spleen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000010473 stable expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001550 testis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001541 thymus gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002103 transcriptional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013603 viral vector Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001262 western blot Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/027—New or modified breeds of vertebrates
- A01K67/0275—Genetically modified vertebrates, e.g. transgenic
- A01K67/0278—Knock-in vertebrates, e.g. humanised vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/027—New or modified breeds of vertebrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/87—Introduction of foreign genetic material using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. co-transformation
- C12N15/90—Stable introduction of foreign DNA into chromosome
- C12N15/902—Stable introduction of foreign DNA into chromosome using homologous recombination
- C12N15/907—Stable introduction of foreign DNA into chromosome using homologous recombination in mammalian cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
- C12N5/10—Cells modified by introduction of foreign genetic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K2207/00—Modified animals
- A01K2207/15—Humanized animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K2217/00—Genetically modified animals
- A01K2217/05—Animals comprising random inserted nucleic acids (transgenic)
- A01K2217/052—Animals comprising random inserted nucleic acids (transgenic) inducing gain of function
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K2217/00—Genetically modified animals
- A01K2217/07—Animals genetically altered by homologous recombination
- A01K2217/072—Animals genetically altered by homologous recombination maintaining or altering function, i.e. knock in
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K2227/00—Animals characterised by species
- A01K2227/10—Mammal
- A01K2227/105—Murine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H21/00—Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids
- C07H21/04—Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids with deoxyribosyl as saccharide radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/195—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria
- C07K14/315—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from bacteria from Streptococcus (G), e.g. Enterococci
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2800/00—Nucleic acids vectors
- C12N2800/10—Plasmid DNA
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a cell for knocking DNA into a target genomic region of a mammal.
- a donor plasmid having a homologous sequence of about 500 ⁇ bp -1 kbp of the target genomic region at both ends of a knock-in sequence such as GFP is used.
- the artificial nuclease By introducing a donor plasmid into a fertilized egg together with an artificial nuclease, the artificial nuclease introduces DSB into the target sequence, and using the homologous sequence of the donor plasmid, another DSB repair mechanism, homologous recombination (HR : Homologous recombination), a gene such as GFP is knocked into the target sequence (Non-Patent Documents 3 and 4).
- single-stranded DNA ssODN: single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides
- ssODN single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides
- Single ssODN is a highly efficient DSB repair mechanism by artificially synthesizing ssODN containing homologous sequence of 40-60 bp at both ends across the base sequence to be introduced, and introducing it into fertilized eggs together with artificial nuclease It is possible to produce knock-in animals simply and efficiently using -strand annealing (SSA) (Non-patent Documents 5 and 6).
- SSA -strand annealing
- ssODN When ssODN is used, since it is knocked in using DSB repair mechanism SSA using single-stranded DNA different from HR, it has been reported that the efficiency is higher than in the case of donor plasmid (non-patent literature) 5, 6). However, since ssODN can only synthesize accurately up to about 200 bp, it is difficult to knock in long-chain gene sequences (several hundreds to several kilobps) such as GFP.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for efficiently performing DNA knock-in into a cell genome.
- the present invention provides the following methods and cells.
- Item 1 Introducing at least one artificial nuclease system G capable of cleaving one or two target sequences G of the cell genome, donor DNA and two kinds of single-stranded oligonucleotides (ssODN) into the cell, Cleaves one or two target sequences G on the cell genome to produce two double-stranded DNA break (DSB) sites on the cell genome, and the two types of ssODNs are generated by cleavage of the target sequence G in the cell genome.
- ssODN single-stranded oligonucleotides
- Up-ssODN complementary to one DSB site g1 and upstream introduction site D1 of donor DNA
- Down-ssODN complementary to the other DSB site g2 of the cell genome and downstream introduction site D2 of donor DNA Yes, characterized in that donor DNA is knocked in between two DSB sites g1, g2 in one or two target sequences G of the cell genome by two types of ssODN (Up-ssODN and Down-ssODN), Methods for knocking donor DNA into the cell genome
- Item 2. The method according to Item 1, wherein the donor DNA is a gene construct that can be expressed in a cell.
- the donor DNA is a plasmid having 1 or 2 target sequences
- the artificial nuclease system uses Cas9 nuclease and 1 or 2 guide RNA-G (gRNA-G) corresponding to 1 or 2 target sequences G of the cell genome.
- gRNA-G guide RNA-G
- the method according to Item 1 wherein an upstream introduction site D1 and a downstream introduction site D2 of donor DNA derived from a plasmid knocked in are generated.
- Artificial nuclease system G that has one target sequence G on the cell genome and one target sequence D on the plasmid, and the artificial nuclease system contains Cas9 nuclease and guide RNA-G (gRNA-G) corresponding to the target sequence G And an artificial nuclease system D containing a Cas9 nuclease and a guide RNA-D (gRNA-D) corresponding to the target sequence D, gRNA-G contains the complementary strand of the target sequence G, and gRNA-D is the target sequence
- the target sequence G is cleaved by the artificial nuclease system G containing the complementary strand of D to generate DSB sites g1 and g2 on the cell genome, and the target sequence D is cleaved by the artificial nuclease system D to remove the plasmid-derived donor DNA.
- the upstream introduction site D1 and the downstream introduction site D2 are generated, and one DSB site g1 and the upstream DSB site D1 are combined with an upstream single-stranded oligonucleotide (Up-ssODN), and the other DSB site g2 is downstream Single-stranded oligo downstream of DSB site D2 Item 4.
- gRNA-G1 Guide RNA-G1 (gRNA-G1), which has two target sequences G1, G2 on the cell genome and one target sequence D on the plasmid, and the artificial nuclease system corresponds to Cas9 nuclease and target sequences G1, G2, respectively.
- gRNA-G2 includes artificial nuclease system G1, G2 containing guide RNA-G2 (gRNA-G2) and artificial nuclease system D containing Cas9 nuclease and guide RNA-D corresponding to target sequence D (gRNA-D)
- gRNA-G1 and G2 contain the complementary strands of the target sequences G1 and G2, respectively
- gRNA-D contains the complementary strand of the target sequence D
- the target sequences G1 and G2 are cleaved by the artificial nuclease systems G1 and G2, and DSB is put on the cell genome Sites g1 and g2 are generated, and target sequence D is cleaved by artificial nuclease system D to generate upstream introduction site D1 and downstream introduction site D2 of plasmid-derived donor DNA.
- One DSB site g1 and upstream DSB Link site D1 with upstream single-stranded oligonucleotide Up-ssODN
- the other DSB sites g2 and downstream DSB sites D2 binds downstream single-stranded oligonucleotide (Down-ssODNs), Method according to claim 3.
- Artificial nuclease system with one target sequence G on the cell genome and two target sequences D1 and D2 on the plasmid, and the artificial nuclease system contains Cas9 nuclease and guide RNA-G (gRNA-G) corresponding to the target sequence G, respectively Nuclease system G and Cas9 nuclease and artificial nuclease systems D1 and D2 containing guide RNA-D1 and D2 (gRNA-D1 and D2) corresponding to target sequences D1 and D2, including gRNA-G Artificial nuclease system that contains complementary strands, gRNA-D1 and D2 contain complementary strands of target sequences D1 and D2, and cleave target sequence G by artificial nuclease system G to generate DSB sites g1 and g2 on the cell genome The target sequences D1 and D2 are cleaved by D1 and D2 to generate the upstream introduction site D1 and the downstream introduction site D2 of the donor DNA derived
- One DSB site g1 and one upstream DSB site D1 are upstream.
- Stranded oligonucleotide (Up-ssODN) and the other DSB Position couples g2 and downstream DSB sites D2 downstream single-stranded oligonucleotide (Down-ssODN), Method according to claim 3.
- Guide RNA-G1, G2 with two target sequences G1, G2 on the cell genome, two target sequences D1, D2 on the plasmid, and artificial nuclease system corresponding to Cas9 nuclease and target sequences G1, G2, respectively -G1, G2) including artificial nuclease systems G1, G2 and Cas9 nuclease and artificial RNA nuclei systems D1, D2 including guide RNA-D1, D2 (gRNA-D1, D2) corresponding to target sequences D1, D2 GRNA-G1 and G2 contain complementary strands of target sequences G1 and G2, respectively, gRNA-D1 and D2 contain complementary strands of target sequences D1 and D2, and target sequences G1 and G2 are converted by artificial nuclease systems G1 and G2.
- DSB sites g1 and g2 Cleaves to generate DSB sites g1 and g2 on the cell genome, and cleaves target sequences D1 and D2 with artificial nuclease systems D1 and D2 to create upstream and downstream sites D1 and D2 of the plasmid-derived donor DNA.
- Up-ssODN Attached at fault
- Down-ssODN couples the other DSB sites g2 and downstream DSB sites D2 downstream single-stranded oligonucleotide
- Item 8. The method according to any one of Items 1 to 7, wherein the cell is a fertilized egg.
- Item 9. A cell in which all or part of a plasmid has been introduced into the genome.
- Item 10. Item 10. The cell according to Item 9, wherein the plasmid is introduced into the genome at upstream and downstream DSB sites D1 and D2 generated by cleaving one or two target sequences D with Cas9.
- Item 11. Item 11.
- the cell according to Item 9 or 10 wherein the introduction position on the genome of the plasmid is between two DSB sites generated by cleaving one or two target sequences of the genome with Cas9.
- Item 12. Item 12. The cell according to any one of Items 9 to 11, wherein the cell is a fertilized egg.
- Item 13 A non-human mammal having a plasmid introduced into its genome, comprising the cell according to any one of Items 9 to 12. Item 14. Item 14. The non-human mammal according to Item 13, wherein a plasmid containing at least one gene derived from human is knocked in and humanized.
- the present invention includes an artificial nuclease system, a donor DNA such as a donor plasmid vector that cannot homologous recombination because there is no homologous sequence of 18 bases or more continuous with the genome or one place, two types of ssODN together, a mouse, By microinjecting cells of mammals such as rats, particularly fertilized eggs, knock-in mammals can be produced with an efficiency several to several tens of times higher than that of conventional HR.
- ssODN Up-ssODN
- plasmid And Down-ssODN two types of ssODN (Up-ssODN) with homologous sequences of both the genome and the plasmid And Down-ssODN) can be used as “paste” to bond and repair the DSB sites of the genome and plasmid, respectively, so that the donor DNA can be knocked in accurately and efficiently onto a specific genome.
- the method of the present invention is called 'SSA-mediated End Joining (SMEJ)'. It is also possible to replace a long gene sequence, gene cluster, or the like by cleaving a total of 3 or 4 sites, that is, 2 genomic sequences to be targeted and 1 or 2 plasmids.
- Knock-in of any length of donor DNA (especially a plasmid vector) by targeting all DNA and promoter sequences on the mammalian genome with 'SMEJ' using an artificial nuclease system, donor DNA, and two types of ssODN simultaneously It becomes possible to do.
- Advantages of the present invention are as follows. 1) Since knock-in animals can be produced with a high efficiency of 10-30% of individuals born by microinjection, it is possible to reduce the number of experimental test animals, shorten the experiment time, and increase the efficiency. 2) When a plasmid is used as donor DNA, it can be used as it is without adding a homologous sequence to any existing plasmid, so that complicated plasmid preparation work is unnecessary.
- guide RNA related to two or more knock-ins is introduced into cells together with Cas9 nuclease and two or more donor DNAs. By doing so, two or more knock-ins can be performed simultaneously.
- Two hit two oligo (2H2O) method Vector knock-in via ssODNs-mediated end joining Three hit two oligo (3H2O) method for gene replacement
- Three hit two oligo (4H2O) method for gene replacement CAG-GFP Knock-in at the Rosa26 locus in rats using the 2H2O method Generation of GFP knock-in rats with CRISPR / Cas9
- gRNA target sequence blue; CAGGGTTATTGTCTCATGAG
- PAM sequence green; CGG
- upstream yellow underline
- downstream red underline
- TTCAATATTATTGAAGCATTTATCAGGGTTATTGTCTCAT 6 primers used for PCR analysis
- CRISPR cut site red ⁇ .
- CRISPR-mediated KO / KI mutations at rat Rosa26 loci GFP expression in each organ of GFP knock-in rat (# 11: right) and control rat (left).
- a brain, b: heart, c: thymus, d: pancreas, e: spleen, f: liver, g: kidney, h: fat, i: testis, j: large intestine.
- gRNA upstream and downstream of the rat Cyp2d gene cluster Three types of gRNA upstream and downstream of the rat Cyp2d gene cluster, cleave the human CYP2D6 gene (CAG) plasmid (top), and two types of ssODN (ssODN-1 and ssODN-2) induce binding of the cleaved end DSB (Bottom).
- Up-ssODN a single-stranded oligonucleotide complementary to both the upstream DSB site g1 of the genome and the upstream DSB site
- the genome editing technique used in the present invention includes ZFN, TALEN, and CRISPR / Cas, with CRISPR / Cas being preferred.
- ZFN Zinc finger nuclease refers to an artificial nuclease containing a nucleic acid cleavage domain conjugated to a binding domain containing a zinc finger array.
- the cleavage domain is the cleavage domain of the type II restriction enzyme FokI.
- Zinc finger nucleases can be designed so that any target sequence in a given genome to be cleaved can be cleaved.
- TALEN transcriptional activator-like element nuclease
- TALEN transcriptional activator-like element nuclease
- TALEN transcriptional activator-like element nuclease
- CRISPR Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
- Cas Cas
- RGN nuclease
- gRNA guide RNA
- examples of the nuclease (RGN) include type I, II, and III, type II is preferable, and Cas9 is particularly preferable.
- the nuclease used for CRISPR may be described as “Cas9 nuclease”, but nucleases other than Cas9 may be used.
- GRNA includes a chimera in which the complementary strand of the target sequence of genomic DNA or donor DNA (including plasmid) adjacent to PAM, crRNA (CRISPR RNA) and tract RNA (trans-activating crRNA) are linked by an appropriate connecting sequence.
- a preferred artificial nuclease system is composed of Cas9 nuclease and guide RNA, and cleaves the target sequence with DSB.
- Artificial nuclease system G is the case where the target sequence of the genome is one place, and is composed of Cas9 nuclease and guide RNA-G, and DSB cleaves target sequence G to generate DSB sites g1 and g2.
- Guide RNA-G has a complementary strand of target sequence G adjacent to PAM.
- Artificial nuclease system G1 and artificial nuclease system G2 are cases where there are two target sequences in the genome.
- Artificial nuclease system G1 is composed of Cas9 nuclease and guide RNA-G1, and the target sequence G1 is cleaved with DSB to upstream DSB site. yields g1.
- the artificial nuclease system G2 is composed of Cas9 nuclease and guide RNA-G2, and DSB cleaves the target sequence G2 to generate a downstream DSB site g2.
- Guide RNA-G1 has a complementary strand of target sequence G1 adjacent to PAM
- guide RNA-G2 has a complementary strand of target sequence G2 adjacent to PAM.
- Artificial nuclease system D cleaves target sequence D of donor DNA by DSB.
- the artificial nuclease system D is preferably composed of Cas9 nuclease and guide RNA-D.
- Guide RNA-D has a complementary strand of target sequence D adjacent to PAM.
- 2A, 2B, 3 show the case where the donor DNA is a plasmid.
- the donor DNA is a circular DNA such as a plasmid
- upstream introduction site d1 and downstream introduction site d2 are generated simultaneously by DSB cleavage of one target sequence D.
- the donor DNA is a chain DNA, either the upstream introduction site d1 or the downstream introduction site d2 is generated by DSB cleavage of one target sequence D.
- the donor DNA is a plasmid having two target sequences D1 and D2, one of the two divided plasmids is knocked into the cell genome as donor DNA.
- Artificial nuclease system (i) Combination of artificial nuclease system G and artificial nuclease system D (2H2O, Fig. 1), (ii) Combination of artificial nuclease system G1, artificial nuclease system G2 and artificial nuclease system D (3H2O, Fig.2A ), (Iii) a combination of artificial nuclease system G and artificial nuclease system D1 and artificial nuclease system D2 (3H2O), or (iv) a combination of artificial nuclease system G1, artificial nuclease system G2, artificial nuclease system D1 and artificial nuclease system D2. (4H2O, FIG. 2B).
- the components of the artificial nuclease system are Cas9 nuclease, guide RNA-G, and guide RNA-D, and in (ii), Cas9 nuclease, guide RNA-G1, guide RNA-G2, and guide RNA.
- Cas9 nuclease, guide RNA-G, guide RNA-D1 and guide RNA-D2 and in the case of (iv), Cas9 nuclease, guide RNA-G1 and guide RNA-G2 Guide RNA-D1 and guide RNA-D2.
- Cas9 nuclease and guide RNA can be introduced into cells using plasmids, viral vectors, and the like that express them.
- the length of the target sequence on the cell genome is not particularly limited, but when CRISPR / Cas is used, it is 17-27, preferably 18-25, more preferably 19-22, still more preferably 19- It is composed of 20, especially 20 bases.
- the target sequence (sense strand or antisense strand) on the cell genome is adjacent to the PAM (proto-spacer adaptor motif) sequence, and the target sequence on the cell genome is adjacent to the PAM sequence. Can be determined by position.
- the PAM sequence is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include NGG (N is an arbitrary base).
- the target sequence on the genome may be one or two.
- a predetermined sequence can be cut out, and a part of the genomic DNA can be replaced by inserting donor DNA into the cut out target genomic region.
- the genomic DNA can be replaced by the 3 hit 2 oligo method (Fig. 2A).
- the donor DNA can be inserted into the target sequence on the genome by the 2 hit 2 oligo method ( Figure 1).
- FIG. 3 shows the method and result of knocking CAG-GFP into the rat Rosa26 locus using the 2H2O method
- FIG. 4 shows the method and result of obtaining a GFP knock-in rat using CRISPR / Cas9.
- donor DNA of the present invention any DNA can be used, but a gene construct or plasmid that can be expressed in cells is preferred. Since donor DNA is introduced into the target site in a chain form, when a circular plasmid is used as the donor DNA, a chain plasmid is generated by cutting inside the cell, and the genome is cleaved by the artificial nuclease system as the donor DNA. It is introduced into the DSB site. An artificial nuclease system D can be used to cleave the target sequence D on the plasmid.
- the target sequence D is determined by flanking the PAM sequence of the plasmid, and the target sequence is flanked by one or two PAM sequences of the genome (if the genome contains one target sequence, such as 2H2O, the target sequence G, When the genome contains two target sequences, such as 3H2O, by determining the target sequences G1 and G2), both the genomic and plasmid target sequences can be cleaved together by an artificial nuclease system.
- the genomic target sequence and the plasmid target sequence may be the same or different.
- an artificial nuclease system that can cleave two or three target sequences (eg, a combination of artificial nuclease systems G and D, artificial nuclease system G1 and A combination of G2 and D) can be used.
- a DSB cleavage site (for example, “ ⁇ ” (2 places) in FIG. 5d, “ ⁇ ” in FIGS. 6 and 7) is generated inside the target sequence.
- the length of the donor DNA is not particularly limited, but usually 10 bp or more, 20 bp or more, 40 bp or more, 80 bp or more, 200 bp or more, 400 bp or more, 800 bp or more, 1 kbp or more, 2 kbp or more, 3 kbp or more, 4 kbp or more, 8 kbp or more, 10 kbp or more 20 kbp or more, 40 kbp or more, 80 kbp or more, 100 kbp or more, or 200 kbp or more.
- An advantage of the method of the present invention is that even a very long donor DNA of 200 kbp or more can be efficiently introduced.
- the donor DNA may be derived from a host different from the host. For example, a donor DNA derived from a human can be knocked into a mammalian genome other than a human.
- Donor DNA may be a single gene, and the gene cluster region can be knocked in as donor DNA.
- SsODN used in the present invention has a complementary sequence at one DSB end site of the genomic cleavage site and one end of the donor DNA.
- the donor DNA can be bound as a “glue” to the genomic cleavage site, which can greatly increase the efficiency of the knock-in.
- the length of the ssODN sequence complementary to each end is 10 to 100 bases, preferably 12 to 80 bases, more preferably 15 to 60 bases, and even more preferably 20 to 40 bases.
- the total length of ssODN having a typical sequence is 20 to 200 bases, preferably 24 to 160 bases, more preferably 30 to 120 bases, and further preferably 40 to 80 bases.
- knock-in includes both insertion and replacement of donor DNA into the genome.
- the cells used in the present invention are arbitrary cells, and include pluripotent stem cells such as somatic cells, ES cells, and iPS cells, fertilized eggs, etc., and fertilized eggs can easily be genetically modified mammals in which donor DNA is knocked in Therefore, it is preferable.
- pluripotent stem cells such as somatic cells, ES cells, and iPS cells, fertilized eggs, etc.
- fertilized eggs can easily be genetically modified mammals in which donor DNA is knocked in Therefore, it is preferable.
- mammals in which all drug-metabolizing enzymes are humanized
- human disease model animals into which at least one gene involved in human diseases has been introduced model mammals in which genes related to specific organs and tissues are all humanized, etc. It can be easily obtained by the method.
- Up-ssODN contains sequences complementary to both the upstream (5 ′) d1 of the sense strand encoding the gene of the donor DNA and one DSB site g1 of the genome.
- Down-ssODN is the donor Complementary sequences are included in both the downstream (3 ′) d2 of the sense strand encoding the gene of DNA and the other DSB site g2 of the genome (FIGS. 1 to 3).
- the DSB site of the genome and the upstream or downstream introduction site of the donor DNA may be directly linked, and mutations such as insertion or deletion may occur between them. In either case, the gene in the donor DNA can function.
- ssODNs act in the nucleus by microinjecting fertilized eggs and can increase the efficiency of knock-in. Microinjection in a fertilized egg can be performed efficiently in knocking of donor DNA regardless of whether it is performed in the cytoplasm or in the nucleus.
- Mammals include humans, mice, rats, rabbits, goats, dogs, cats, cows, pigs, monkeys and the like.
- the present invention further includes cells in which a plasmid is introduced into the genome, or 300 bp or more, 500 bp or more, 1 kbp or more, 2 kbp or more, 3 kbp or more, 5 kbp or more, 10 kbp or more, 20 kbp or more, 30 kbp or more, 50 kbp or more, 100 kbp or more, 200 kbp or more. It relates to cells into which long DNA (gene construct) has been inserted. Conventionally, there is no cell into which a plasmid or long donor DNA has been introduced, and a novel cell is provided by the present invention.
- a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention is a non-human mammal obtained by knocking in donor DNA into a fertilized egg.
- the insertion of the plasmid or long donor DNA may be confirmed by sequencing, or the protein of the expression product may be confirmed by Western blotting or the like.
- the artificial nuclease system performs double-strand breaks (DSB) on the target genomic sequence and donor DNA sequence as 'scissors', and two types of ssODN bind and repair the genome and donor DNA as 'paste', Donor DNA is knocked in accurately and efficiently on a specific genome.
- DSB double-strand breaks
- ssODN bind and repair the genome and donor DNA as 'paste'
- Donor DNA is knocked in accurately and efficiently on a specific genome.
- Long gene sequences, gene clusters, and the like can be replaced by cleaving the target genomic sequence at two sites and the plasmid at one or two sites.
- Example 1 (1) Experimental method A Cas9 expression plasmid (hCas9: Addgene ID # 41815) and a gRNA expression plasmid (pDR274: Addgene ID # 42250) obtained from Addgene (www.addgene.org/CRISPR) were used in this experiment.
- the Cas9 expression plasmid was improved by introducing a T7 promoter upstream of the Cas9 gene.
- the pCAG plasmid was obtained from RIKEN BioResource Center, and the GFP gene and human CYP2D6 gene were introduced.
- Target sequences were determined using CRISPR Design Tool (crispr.genome-engineering.org), and gRNA expression plasmids that recognize them were prepared (Table 1).
- Cas9 mRNA was prepared by sequentially performing in vitro transcription, poly A addition reaction, and RNA purification using a Cas9 expression plasmid.
- gRNA was prepared by in vitro transcription and RNA purification.
- ssODN having a homologous sequence of the cleavage site on the genome and the plasmid cleavage site was designed and obtained (Table 2).
- Sexually mature Wistar Jcl female rats were treated with superovulation and fertilized eggs were obtained by natural mating.
- mice obtained fertilized eggs using females of the C57BL / 6JJcl line.
- 100 ⁇ g / ml Cas9 mRNA, 50 ⁇ g / ml gRNA each, 50 ⁇ g / ml ssODN, 5 ⁇ g / ml plasmid mixed solution was prepared with RNase free water and microinjected into the male pronucleus of fertilized eggs.
- the injected fertilized eggs were cultured overnight under conditions of 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 , and then transplanted into ovipregnant female rats or mice. She delivered about 3 weeks after transplantation.
- GFP-positive individuals were selected from the obtained litters using a GFP fluorescence confirmation light.
- tissues were collected from offspring, DNA was extracted, and introduction of the plasmid into the genome target sequence was confirmed by PCR, electrophoresis, and sequence analysis using the primers shown in Table 3.
- the details of the experimental method are described in the reference (Nat Commun. 2014 Jun 26; 5: 4240.). This reference is incorporated herein by reference.
- (2) Experimental results uses CRIPSR / Cas9 scissors to simultaneously cleave the target sequence in the rat Rosa26 gene and the target sequence in the pCAG-GFP plasmid. Used to knock-in pCAG-GFP accurately and efficiently into rat Rosa26 (FIG. 5a).
- a target sequence was designed between the first exon and the second exon of the rat Rosa26 gene and upstream of the CAG promoter of pCAG-GFP to prepare gRNA (Table 1, FIGS. 6 and 7).
- ssODN was designed to bind upstream of the Rosa26 cleavage site and downstream of the pCAG plasmid cleavage site, and downstream of the Rosa26 cleavage site and upstream of the pCAG-GFP cleavage site (Table 2).
- systemic GFP expression was observed in 4 out of the 17 offspring obtained (Table 4, FIG. 5b).
- the 6th individual was found to have a deletion of 6 bases upstream, and the 7th individual was confirmed to have multiple bases inserted or deleted at both upstream and downstream ends.
- knock-out mutations were confirmed in 15 animals (FIG. 8).
- the plasmid knock-in mutation obtained in the 11th individual was stably transmitted to the offspring. Also, no off-target sequence mutation was observed. As a result of pathological analysis, it was confirmed that GFP was stably expressed in systemic organs in this knock-in strain (FIG. 9).
- the target sequence was designed between the first and second exons of the Rosa26 gene in the same manner as in the rat, and gRNA and ssODN were prepared (FIG. 10, Tables 1 and 2).
- gRNA and ssODN were prepared (FIG. 10, Tables 1 and 2).
- gRNA and ssODN were prepared (FIG. 10, Tables 1 and 2).
- pCAG-GFP As a result of introducing mouse Rosa26 target site-specific gRNA and ssODN together with pCAG-GFP, GFP expression in the whole body was observed in 3 out of 31 obtained offspring (Table 4) (FIG. 11a).
- PCR As a result of PCR, amplification of GFP-specific sequence was observed in the 1st, 10th and 17th individuals.
- mouse Rosa26 primer and pCAG-GFP primer it was confirmed that all three individuals were incorporated into the Rosa26 region (FIG. 11b).
- rat Cyp2d gene cluster (Cyp2d1-5) was replaced with the human CYP2D6 gene for the CYP2D6 gene, a member of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) group that is the central enzyme of drug metabolism (FIG. 13a).
- the target sequence was designed at a total of 3 sites, 2 sites upstream and downstream of the rat Cyp2d gene cluster, and 1 site upstream of the pCAG plasmid (pCYP2D6) incorporating the CYP2D6 gene, and gRNA was prepared (FIG. 14, Table 1). .
- ssODN was designed to connect the upstream of the Cyp2d cluster cleavage site and the downstream of the plasmid cleavage site, and the downstream of the Cyp2d cluster cleavage site and the upstream of the plasmid cleavage site (Table 2). These were introduced into fertilized eggs together with pCYP2D6 (Table 4). As a result of PCR, amplification of CYP2D6 specific sequence was observed in the No. 1, 3, 8, and 18 individuals (FIG. 13b). In order to confirm the incorporation into the Cyp2d cluster region, a combination of rat Cyp2d primer and pCYP2D6 primer was examined. As a result, amplification was observed in the 18th individual.
- the present invention not only knockout by the artificial nuclease ZFN / TALEN / CRISPR but also knock-in using various donor plasmids, that is, 'free genome editing' becomes possible. It is possible to introduce a reporter gene such as a GFP fluorescent protein into a stable expression staining region such as the Rosa26 locus, or to bind a reporter gene to the N-terminus or C-terminus of the target gene. Take your business forward.
- the present invention it is possible to efficiently produce a so-called “genomic humanized animal” in which a mammalian gene is disrupted and a human gene is introduced. It becomes possible to produce disease model animals having genes of various human diseases, or humanized model animals having genes relating to the origin of civilization.
- the newly developed genetically modified model animal is widely used not only for experimental animals but also for drug discovery, regenerative medicine research and the like.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
項1. 細胞ゲノムの1又は2の標的配列Gを切断可能な少なくとも1つの人工ヌクレアーゼシステムG、ドナーDNA及び二種類の一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド(ssODN)を細胞に導入する工程を含み、前記人工ヌクレアーゼシステムGは細胞ゲノム上の1又は2の標的配列Gを切断して細胞ゲノム上に2つの二本鎖DNA切断(DSB)部位を生じさせ、二種類のssODNは細胞ゲノムの標的配列Gの切断により生じた一方のDSB部位g1とドナーDNAの上流側導入部位D1に相補性を有するUp-ssODN並びに細胞ゲノムの他方のDSB部位g2とドナーDNAの下流側導入部位D2に相補性を有するDown-ssODNであり、二種類のssODN(Up-ssODNとDown-ssODN)により細胞ゲノムの1つ又は2つの標的配列Gにおける2つのDSB部位g1,g2の間にドナーDNAがノックインされることを特徴とする、ドナーDNAを細胞ゲノムにノックインする方法。
項2. ドナーDNAが細胞内で発現可能な遺伝子構築物である、項1に記載の方法。
項3. ドナーDNAが1又は2の標的配列を有するプラスミドであり、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムは、Cas9ヌクレアーゼと細胞ゲノムの1又は2の標的配列Gに対応する1又は2のガイドRNA-G(gRNA-G)を含む人工ヌクレアーゼシステムGと、Cas9ヌクレアーゼとドナーDNAの1又は2の標的配列Dに対応する1又は2のガイドRNA-D(gRNA-D)を含む人工ヌクレアーゼシステムDを包含し、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムGにより細胞ゲノムの1又は2の標的配列Gを切断して細胞ゲノム上にDSB部位g1,g2を生じさせ、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムDによりドナーDNAプラスミド上の1又は2の標的配列Dを切断してゲノムにノックインされるプラスミド由来のドナーDNAの上流側導入部位D1と下流側導入部位D2を生じさせる、項1に記載の方法。
項5. 細胞ゲノム上に2つの標的配列G1、G2、プラスミド上に1つの標的配列Dを有し、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムがCas9ヌクレアーゼと標的配列G1,G2に各々対応するガイドRNA-G1(gRNA-G1) 、ガイドRNA-G2(gRNA-G2)を含む人工ヌクレアーゼシステムG1、G2と、Cas9ヌクレアーゼと標的配列Dに対応するガイドRNA-D(gRNA-D)を含む人工ヌクレアーゼシステムDとを包含し、gRNA-G1、G2が各々標的配列G1、G2の相補鎖を含み、gRNA-Dが標的配列Dの相補鎖を含み、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムG1、G2により標的配列G1,G2を切断して細胞ゲノム上にDSB部位g1,g2を生じさせ、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムDにより標的配列Dを切断してプラスミド由来のドナーDNAの上流側導入部位D1と下流側導入部位D2を生じさせ、一方のDSB部位g1と上流側DSB部位D1を上流側一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド(Up-ssODN)で結合し、他方のDSB部位g2と下流側DSB部位D2を下流側一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド(Down-ssODN)で結合する、項3に記載の方法。
項7. 細胞ゲノム上に2つの標的配列G1、G2、プラスミド上に2つの標的配列D1、D2を有し、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムがCas9ヌクレアーゼと標的配列G1,G2に各々対応するガイドRNA-G1,G2(gRNA-G1,G2) を含む人工ヌクレアーゼシステムG1、G2と、Cas9ヌクレアーゼと標的配列D1、D2に対応するガイドRNA-D1、D2(gRNA-D1、D2)を含む人工ヌクレアーゼシステムD1、D2とを包含し、gRNA-G1、G2が各々標的配列G1、G2の相補鎖を含み、gRNA-D1、D2が標的配列D1、D2の相補鎖を含み、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムG1、G2により標的配列G1,G2を切断して細胞ゲノム上にDSB部位g1,g2を生じさせ、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムD1、D2により標的配列D1、D2を切断してプラスミド由来のドナーDNAの上流側導入部位D1と下流側導入部位D2を生じさせ、一方のDSB部位g1と上流側DSB部位D1を上流側一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド(Up-ssODN)で結合し、他方のDSB部位g2と下流側DSB部位D2を下流側一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド(Down-ssODN)で結合する、項3に記載の方法。
項9. プラスミドの全部または一部がゲノムに導入された細胞。
項10. 前記プラスミドは1又は2の標的配列DをCas9により切断することにより生じた上流側及び下流側DSB部位D1,D2でゲノムに導入されてなる、項9に記載の細胞。
項11. プラスミドのゲノム上の導入位置は、ゲノムの1又は2の標的配列をCas9により切断することにより生じた2つのDSB部位の間である、項9又は10に記載の細胞。
項12. 細胞が受精卵である、項9~11のいずれかに記載の細胞。
項13. 項9~12のいずれか1項に記載の細胞を含む、プラスミドがゲノムに導入された非ヒト哺乳動物。
項14. ヒト由来の少なくとも1つの遺伝子を含むプラスミドがノックインされてヒト化された項13に記載の非ヒト哺乳動物。
(g1):標的配列G又はG1が人工ヌクレアーゼシステムG又はG1により切断されたときに上流側DSB部位g1を生じる潜在的g1、
(g2):標的配列G又はG2が人工ヌクレアーゼシステムG又はG2により切断されたときに下流側DSB部位g2を生じる潜在的g2、
(d1):標的配列D又はD1が人工ヌクレアーゼシステムD又はD1により切断されたときに上流側DSB部位d1を生じる潜在的d1、
(d2):標的配列D又はD2が人工ヌクレアーゼシステムD又はD2により切断されたときに下流側DSB部位d2を生じる潜在的d1、
Up-ssODN:ゲノムの上流側DSB部位g1とドナーDNAの上流側DSB部位d1の双方に相補的な一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド、
Down-ssODN:ゲノムの下流側DSB部位g2とドナーDNAの下流側DSB部位d2の双方に相補的な一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド。
実施例1
(1)実験方法
本実験には、Addgene(www.addgene.org/CRISPR)から入手したCas9発現プラスミド(hCas9: Addgene ID# 41815)およびgRNA発現プラスミド(pDR274: Addgene ID# 42250)を用いた。Cas9発現プラスミドはCas9遺伝子の上流にT7プロモーターを導入するなどの改良を加えた。pCAGプラスミドは理化学研究所バイオリソースセンターから入手し、GFP遺伝子およびヒトCYP2D6遺伝子を導入した。
(2)実験結果
本実験は、CRIPSR/Cas9という‘はさみ’を用いて、ラットRosa26遺伝子内の標的配列とpCAG-GFPプラスミド内の標的配列を同時に切断し、二種類のssODNという‘のり’を用いて、pCAG-GFPをラットRosa26内に正確かつ効率的にノックインするものである(図5a)。ラットRosa26遺伝子の第1エクソンと第2エクソンの間、およびpCAG-GFPのCAGプロモーター上流に標的配列を設計し、gRNAを作製した(表1、図6,7)。また、Rosa26切断部位の上流とpCAGプラスミド切断部位の下流、Rosa26切断部位の下流とpCAG-GFP切断部位の上流を結合するためのssODNを設計した(表2)。これらをpCAG-GFPとともに受精卵に導入した結果、得られた17匹の産子のうち、4匹に全身でのGFP発現が観察された(表4、図5b)。PCRの結果、6、7、8、11番個体でGFP特異配列の増幅が見られた(図5c)。Rosa26領域に組み込まれていることを確認するため、ラットRosa26のプライマーとpCAG-GFPのプライマーを組み合わせて検討した結果、6、7、11番個体で増幅が見られ、Rosa26領域に組み込まれていることが確認できた(図5c)。8番個体はpCAG-GFPの切断部位がゲノム上に存在することが確認された。シークエンス解析の結果、11番個体は上流、下流ともにssODNで設計した通りの配列でpCAG-GFPが導入されていることが確認された(図5d)。6番個体は上流で6塩基の欠損、7番個体は上流下流の両端で複数塩基の挿入または欠失が確認された。これらノックイン変異の他に、15匹でノックアウト変異が確認された(図8)。11番個体で得られたプラスミドノックイン変異は安定的に子孫に伝達された。また、オフターゲット配列の変異は観察されなかった。病理学的解析の結果、このノックイン系統は全身臓器でGFPが安定して発現していることが確認された(図9)。
Claims (14)
- 細胞ゲノムの1又は2の標的配列Gを切断可能な少なくとも1つの人工ヌクレアーゼシステムG、ドナーDNA及び二種類の一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド(ssODN)を細胞に導入する工程を含み、前記人工ヌクレアーゼシステムGは細胞ゲノム上の1又は2の標的配列Gを切断して細胞ゲノム上に2つの二本鎖DNA切断(DSB)部位を生じさせ、二種類のssODNは細胞ゲノムの標的配列Gの切断により生じた一方のDSB部位g1とドナーDNAの上流側導入部位D1に相補性を有するUp-ssODN並びに細胞ゲノムの他方のDSB部位g2とドナーDNAの下流側導入部位D2に相補性を有するDown-ssODNであり、二種類のssODN(Up-ssODNとDown-ssODN)により細胞ゲノムの1つ又は2つの標的配列Gにおける2つのDSB部位g1,g2の間にドナーDNAがノックインされることを特徴とする、ドナーDNAを細胞ゲノムにノックインする方法。
- ドナーDNAが細胞内で発現可能な遺伝子構築物である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- ドナーDNAが1又は2の標的配列を有するプラスミドであり、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムは、Cas9ヌクレアーゼと細胞ゲノムの1又は2の標的配列Gに対応する1又は2のガイドRNA-G(gRNA-G)を含む人工ヌクレアーゼシステムGと、Cas9ヌクレアーゼとドナーDNAの1又は2の標的配列Dに対応する1又は2のガイドRNA-D(gRNA-D)を含む人工ヌクレアーゼシステムDを包含し、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムGにより細胞ゲノムの1又は2の標的配列Gを切断して細胞ゲノム上にDSB部位g1,g2を生じさせ、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムDによりドナーDNAプラスミド上の1又は2の標的配列Dを切断してゲノムにノックインされるプラスミド由来のドナーDNAの上流側導入部位D1と下流側導入部位D2を生じさせる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 細胞ゲノム上に1つの標的配列G、プラスミド上に1つの標的配列Dを有し、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムがCas9ヌクレアーゼと標的配列Gに対応するガイドRNA-G(gRNA-G)を含む人工ヌクレアーゼシステムGと、Cas9ヌクレアーゼと標的配列Dに対応するガイドRNA-D(gRNA-D)を含む人工ヌクレアーゼシステムDとを包含し、gRNA-Gが標的配列Gの相補鎖を含み、gRNA-Dが標的配列Dの相補鎖を含み、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムGにより標的配列Gを切断して細胞ゲノム上にDSB部位g1,g2を生じさせ、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムDにより標的配列Dを切断してプラスミド由来のドナーDNAの上流側導入部位D1と下流側導入部位D2を生じさせ、一方のDSB部位g1と上流側DSB部位D1を上流側一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド(Up-ssODN)で結合し、他方のDSB部位g2と下流側DSB部位D2を下流側一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド(Down-ssODN)で結合する、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 細胞ゲノム上に2つの標的配列G1、G2、プラスミド上に1つの標的配列Dを有し、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムがCas9ヌクレアーゼと標的配列G1,G2に各々対応するガイドRNA-G1(gRNA-G1) 、ガイドRNA-G2(gRNA-G2)を含む人工ヌクレアーゼシステムG1、G2と、Cas9ヌクレアーゼと標的配列Dに対応するガイドRNA-D(gRNA-D)を含む人工ヌクレアーゼシステムDとを包含し、gRNA-G1、G2が各々標的配列G1、G2の相補鎖を含み、gRNA-Dが標的配列Dの相補鎖を含み、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムG1、G2により標的配列G1,G2を切断して細胞ゲノム上にDSB部位g1,g2を生じさせ、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムDにより標的配列Dを切断してプラスミド由来のドナーDNAの上流側導入部位D1と下流側導入部位D2を生じさせ、一方のDSB部位g1と上流側DSB部位D1を上流側一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド(Up-ssODN)で結合し、他方のDSB部位g2と下流側DSB部位D2を下流側一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド(Down-ssODN)で結合する、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 細胞ゲノム上に1つの標的配列G、プラスミド上に2つの標的配列D1、D2を有し、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムがCas9ヌクレアーゼと標的配列Gに各々対応するガイドRNA-G(gRNA-G)を含む人工ヌクレアーゼシステムGと、Cas9ヌクレアーゼと標的配列D1、D2に対応するガイドRNA-D1、D2(gRNA-D1、D2)を含む人工ヌクレアーゼシステムD1、D2とを包含し、gRNA-Gが標的配列Gの相補鎖を含み、gRNA-D1、D2が標的配列D1、D2の相補鎖を含み、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムGにより標的配列Gを切断して細胞ゲノム上にDSB部位g1,g2を生じさせ、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムD1、D2により標的配列D1、D2を切断してプラスミド由来のドナーDNAの上流側導入部位D1と下流側導入部位D2を生じさせ、一方のDSB部位g1と上流側DSB部位D1を上流側一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド(Up-ssODN)で結合し、他方のDSB部位g2と下流側DSB部位D2を下流側一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド(Down-ssODN)で結合する、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 細胞ゲノム上に2つの標的配列G1、G2、プラスミド上に2つの標的配列D1、D2を有し、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムがCas9ヌクレアーゼと標的配列G1,G2に各々対応するガイドRNA-G1,G2(gRNA-G1,G2) を含む人工ヌクレアーゼシステムG1、G2と、Cas9ヌクレアーゼと標的配列D1、D2に対応するガイドRNA-D1、D2(gRNA-D1、D2)を含む人工ヌクレアーゼシステムD1、D2とを包含し、gRNA-G1、G2が各々標的配列G1、G2の相補鎖を含み、gRNA-D1、D2が標的配列D1、D2の相補鎖を含み、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムG1、G2により標的配列G1,G2を切断して細胞ゲノム上にDSB部位g1,g2を生じさせ、人工ヌクレアーゼシステムD1、D2により標的配列D1、D2を切断してプラスミド由来のドナーDNAの上流側導入部位D1と下流側導入部位D2を生じさせ、一方のDSB部位g1と上流側DSB部位D1を上流側一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド(Up-ssODN)で結合し、他方のDSB部位g2と下流側DSB部位D2を下流側一本鎖オリゴヌクレオチド(Down-ssODN)で結合する、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞が受精卵である、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- プラスミドの全部または一部がゲノムに導入された細胞。
- 前記プラスミドは1又は2の標的配列DをCas9により切断することにより生じた上流側及び下流側DSB部位D1,D2でゲノムに導入されてなる、請求項9に記載の細胞。
- プラスミドのゲノム上の導入位置は、ゲノムの1又は2の標的配列をCas9により切断することにより生じた2つのDSB部位の間である、請求項9又は10に記載の細胞。
- 細胞が受精卵である、請求項9~11のいずれかに記載の細胞。
- 請求項9~12のいずれか1項に記載の細胞を含む、プラスミドがゲノムに導入された非ヒト哺乳動物。
- ヒト由来の少なくとも1つの遺伝子を含むプラスミドがノックインされてヒト化された請求項13に記載の非ヒト哺乳動物。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP15861997.3A EP3222718A4 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2015-11-17 | Method for knock-in of dna into target region of mammalian genome, and cell |
JP2016560242A JP6772067B2 (ja) | 2014-11-20 | 2015-11-17 | 哺乳動物の標的ゲノム領域にdnaをノックインする方法及び細胞 |
US15/528,506 US10362771B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2015-11-17 | Method for knock-in of DNA into target region of mammalian genome, and cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2014235898 | 2014-11-20 | ||
JP2014-235898 | 2014-11-20 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2016080399A1 true WO2016080399A1 (ja) | 2016-05-26 |
Family
ID=56013934
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2015/082279 WO2016080399A1 (ja) | 2014-11-20 | 2015-11-17 | 哺乳動物の標的ゲノム領域にdnaをノックインする方法及び細胞 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10362771B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3222718A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6772067B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2016080399A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20180305719A1 (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2018-10-25 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Vectors For Integration Of DNA Into Genomes And Methods For Altering Gene Expression And Interrogating Gene Function |
WO2020204159A1 (ja) * | 2019-04-05 | 2020-10-08 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | ノックイン細胞の作製方法 |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3215617B1 (en) | 2014-11-07 | 2024-05-08 | Editas Medicine, Inc. | Systems for improving crispr/cas-mediated genome-editing |
ES2760508T3 (es) | 2014-12-19 | 2020-05-14 | Regeneron Pharma | Métodos y composiciones para la modificación genética dirigida a través de la transformación múltiple en una sola etapa |
EP3786294A1 (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2021-03-03 | Editas Medicine, Inc. | Use of exonucleases to improve crispr/cas-mediated genome editing |
US11597924B2 (en) | 2016-03-25 | 2023-03-07 | Editas Medicine, Inc. | Genome editing systems comprising repair-modulating enzyme molecules and methods of their use |
EP4047092A1 (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2022-08-24 | Editas Medicine, Inc. | Cas9 fusion molecules, gene editing systems, and methods of use thereof |
DK3476865T3 (da) | 2016-06-28 | 2023-12-18 | Biocytogen Pharmaceuticals Beijing Co Ltd | Fremgangsmåde til konstruktion af pd-1-gen-modificeret humaniseret dyremodel og anvendelse deraf |
US11866726B2 (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2024-01-09 | Editas Medicine, Inc. | Systems and methods for targeted integration and genome editing and detection thereof using integrated priming sites |
WO2019072241A1 (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2019-04-18 | Beijing Biocytogen Co., Ltd | NON-HUMAN ANIMAL GENETICALLY MODIFIED WITH PD-1 HUMAN OR CHIMERIC |
WO2019222545A1 (en) | 2018-05-16 | 2019-11-21 | Synthego Corporation | Methods and systems for guide rna design and use |
WO2021243283A1 (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-02 | University Of Southern California | Scalable trio guide rna approach for integration of large donor dna |
CN111718932A (zh) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-29 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 | 一种新型的基因编辑动物生物反应器制备方法及应用 |
CA3214025A1 (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2022-10-13 | Louai LABANIEH | Cell selection methods and related compositions |
CN114317536B (zh) * | 2021-11-30 | 2024-03-19 | 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学第一附属医院 | 基于CRISPR/Cas9构建uPA转基因小鼠的制备方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014093635A1 (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-06-19 | The Broad Institute, Inc. | Engineering and optimization of improved systems, methods and enzyme compositions for sequence manipulation |
WO2014172470A2 (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2014-10-23 | Whitehead Institute For Biomedical Research | Methods of mutating, modifying or modulating nucleic acid in a cell or nonhuman mammal |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004180679A (ja) | 2002-11-19 | 2004-07-02 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | ゲノムdnaを再構成する方法 |
CA2690564A1 (en) | 2007-06-13 | 2008-12-24 | Sterrenbeld Biotechnologie North America, Inc. | Transgenic mammals that produce exogenous proteins in milk |
EP2792236B2 (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2023-03-22 | Kymab Limited | Animal models and therapeutic molecules |
NZ605966A (en) | 2010-06-17 | 2015-04-24 | Kymab Ltd | Animal models and therapeutic molecules |
-
2015
- 2015-11-17 US US15/528,506 patent/US10362771B2/en active Active
- 2015-11-17 JP JP2016560242A patent/JP6772067B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-11-17 WO PCT/JP2015/082279 patent/WO2016080399A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2015-11-17 EP EP15861997.3A patent/EP3222718A4/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014093635A1 (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-06-19 | The Broad Institute, Inc. | Engineering and optimization of improved systems, methods and enzyme compositions for sequence manipulation |
WO2014172470A2 (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2014-10-23 | Whitehead Institute For Biomedical Research | Methods of mutating, modifying or modulating nucleic acid in a cell or nonhuman mammal |
Non-Patent Citations (9)
Title |
---|
DONG ZHANGJI ET AL.: "Improving the efficiency for generation of genome-edited zebrafish by labeling primordial germ cells", INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY, vol. 55, October 2014 (2014-10-01), pages 329 - 334, XP029020027, ISSN: 1357-2725, DOI: doi:10.1016/j.biocel.2014.08.020 * |
KAZUTO YOSHIMI ET AL.: "Genome Henshuho no Shin Joshiki! CRISPR/Cas ga Seimei Kagaku o Kasoku suru Rat ni Okeru Genome Henshu Gijutsu Kakumei Knock-Out Knock-In Rat ga Bakuhatsuteki ni Fueru!", EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE, vol. 32, no. 11, July 2014 (2014-07-01), pages 1715 - 1720, XP009503150, ISSN: 0288-5514 * |
KIMURA YUKIKO ET AL.: "Efficient generation of knock-in transgenic zebrafish carrying reporter/driver genes by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome engineering", SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, vol. 4, no. 6545, October 2014 (2014-10-01), XP055445655, ISSN: 2045-2322 * |
PLATT RANDALL J. ET AL.: "CRISPR-Cas9 Knockin Mice for Genome Editing and Cancer Modeling", CELL, vol. 159, no. 2, October 2014 (2014-10-01), pages 440 - 455, XP029073412, DOI: doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.014 * |
See also references of EP3222718A4 * |
SERUGGIA DAVIDE ET AL.: "The new CRISPR-Cas system: RNA-guided genome engineering to efficiently produce any desired genetic alteration in animals", TRANSGENIC RESEARCH, vol. 23, no. 5, October 2014 (2014-10-01), pages 707 - 716, XP035381271, ISSN: 0962-8819, DOI: doi:10.1007/s11248-014-9823-y * |
TAKASHI YAMAMOTO ET AL.: "Genome editing with programmable site-specific nucleases", VIRUS, vol. 64, no. 1, June 2014 (2014-06-01), pages 75 - 82, XP008183223, ISSN: 0042-6857 * |
YANG HUI ET AL.: "One-Step Generation of Mice Carrying Reporter and Conditional Alleles by CRISPR/Cas-Mediated Genome Engineering", CELL, vol. 154, no. 6, 2013, pages 1370 - 1379, XP028716273, DOI: doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.08.022 * |
YOSHIMI KAZUTO ET AL.: "ssODN-mediated knock- in with CRISPR-Cas for large genomic regions in zygotes", NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, vol. 7, January 2016 (2016-01-01), XP055361121 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20180305719A1 (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2018-10-25 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Vectors For Integration Of DNA Into Genomes And Methods For Altering Gene Expression And Interrogating Gene Function |
WO2020204159A1 (ja) * | 2019-04-05 | 2020-10-08 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | ノックイン細胞の作製方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US10362771B2 (en) | 2019-07-30 |
EP3222718A1 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
JPWO2016080399A1 (ja) | 2017-08-31 |
US20170251647A1 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
JP6772067B2 (ja) | 2020-10-21 |
EP3222718A4 (en) | 2018-05-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6772067B2 (ja) | 哺乳動物の標的ゲノム領域にdnaをノックインする方法及び細胞 | |
US20220256822A1 (en) | Genetic modification non-human organism, egg cells, fertilized eggs, and method for modifying target genes | |
US20220056482A1 (en) | Methods for making genetic edits | |
US11477969B2 (en) | Efficient non-meiotic allele introgression in livestock | |
JP2021121220A (ja) | Cas9タンパク質のマルチサイクルエレクトロポレーションによる遺伝子修飾非ヒト哺乳動物 | |
US20200017882A1 (en) | Engineering of humanized car t-cell and platelets by genetic complementation | |
Shrock et al. | CRISPR in animals and animal models | |
JP2019122390A (ja) | 大型家畜の接合体における標的化ゲノム編集 | |
KR20150105475A (ko) | 유각의 가축 | |
US20190223417A1 (en) | Genetically modified animals having increased heat tolerance | |
Li et al. | Simultaneous gene editing by injection of mRNAs encoding transcription activator-like effector nucleases into mouse zygotes | |
JP7426120B2 (ja) | ノックイン細胞の作製方法 | |
US20160160238A1 (en) | Heterozygous modifications of tumor suppressor genes | |
AU2016344144A1 (en) | Engineering of humanized kidney by genetic complementation |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15861997 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
DPE2 | Request for preliminary examination filed before expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101) | ||
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2016560242 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15528506 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2015861997 Country of ref document: EP |